(共46张PPT)
WRITING WORKSHOP
UNIT 8 LITERATURE
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
To read and talk about writing a continuation of a story;
To notice the author's style and try to recreate that style;
To read for general understanding;
To read for specific information and deep understanding;
To compare personal opinions with the ideas of others;
To understand and learn words and expressions in context;
To write a continuation of a story.
KEY POINTS AND DIFFICULT POINTS
More time is needed to write a continuation of a story;
To analyse the structure and language of a story;
To answer the comprehension questions;
To get general idea and key information in the text;
To struggle with sentence construction and spelling;
To struggle with grammar rules and usage.
To compose writing through outlining, drafting and editing.
LEADING IN
Do you remember these stories
GET READY FOR WRITING
Pair Work You are going to write a continuation of the story "The Last Leaf". Discuss the questions with your partner.
1. What happened in the story "The Last Leaf"
2. What might happen next
3. What is important in continuing a story
READ FOR WRITING
Read and answer the following questions.
1. Which of the following can be used to describe how the professor felt from Paragraph 1
A. Helpless and nervous.
B. Frightened but hopeful.
C. Puzzled and excited.
D. Amazed and interested.
√
READ FOR WRITING
Read and answer the following questions.
2. What is the prison in fact
A place under the sea water.
B. A house on a small island.
C. A cell of a big prison.
D. A room of an undersea boat.
√
READ FOR WRITING
Read and answer the following questions.
3. What can we know from what the professor said in Para. 4
A. He believed that they were sure to survive.
B. He used the words to comfort Ned and Conseil.
C. They were in the worst situation.
D. He as well as Ned and Conseil all lost heart.
√
READ FOR WRITING
Read and answer the following questions.
4. What can we know from the last paragraph
A. Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.
B. There are ups and downs in the journey of life.
C. No pain, no gain.
D. East or west, home is the best.
√
READ FOR WRITING
Read a continuation of 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea. Answer the questions.
1. Where did this part of the story happen
It happened inside the submarine.
2. What did the narrator meet
The narrator met two seamen of the submarine.
READ FOR WRITING
Read a continuation of 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea. Answer the questions.
3. What did Ned think would happen to them
They would die.
4. How is the continuation connected with the original story
It uses the same characters as the original story, and it tells what happens next.
Read again. Identify the characters, the setting and the plot of the story.
FOCUS ON STRUCTURE AND LANGUAGE
20,000 Leagues Under the Sea Characters:
Setting:
The plot:
They were nervous in the machine. Then two seamen came and checked their condition, provided water and dry biscuits and offered to take them home, but they didn’t believe that.
in the machine, right after Ned, Conseil and “I” were rescued
I; Ned; Conseil; two seamen
FOCUS ON STRUCTURE AND LANGUAGE
Write 2-3 sentences as the continuation of "The Last Leaf". Use similar expressions in the Sentence Builder that make the description vivid and lively.
FOCUS ON STRUCTURE AND LANGUAGE
Descriptive Language
I could hear Ned and Conseil breathing quickly. They were nervous, too.
Our prison was suddenly lit, and we closed our eyes painfully at the light.
They examined us with great attention, without saying a word.
I did not completely believe the words I said...
We ate in silence.
...said one of the men in a deep voice.
Sentence Builder
FOCUS ON STRUCTURE AND LANGUAGE
Write 2-3 sentences as the continuation of "The Last Leaf". Use similar expressions in the Sentence Builder that make the description vivid and lively.
Johnsy was lost in guilt. Johnsy and Sue sat behind the window gazing at the last leaf that Mr. Behrman had painted with tears in silence. Then they looked at each other sadly.
A CONTINUATION OF A STORY
读后续写
一、概述
读后续写是阅读理解和书面表达的有机结合体。读后续写题考查的是考生在阅读文章的基础上,分析文章的逻辑、运用准确丰富的语言展现创造力与想象力的能力。在高考中,读后续写题型为第四部分写作的第二节。该题型分值为25分,建议用时为30分钟左右。
读后续写
读后续写题型的构成:提供一段350词以内的语言材料,要求考生依据该材料内容、所给段落开头语等信息进行续写(150词左右),要求续写部分分为两段并限制每段的开头语。将其发展成一篇与给定材料有逻辑衔接的、情节和结构完整的短文。
A CONTINUATION OF A STORY
读后续写
主要考查语言综合运用能力、思维能力、学习能力和书面表达能力以及在面对生活实践或学习探索情境中,运用正确的思维方法,有效结合英语语言学科知识,认识问题、分析问题和解决问题的综合素质。由于记叙文上下文连贯性强,结构清晰,更适用于读后续写题型,所以该部分所选文章一般是以记事为主的记叙文,此类阅读材料难度适中,易于理解。
A CONTINUATION OF A STORY
读后续写
二、写作技巧
1. 准确理解材料,理清人物、事件
考生应当仔细阅读所提供的语言材料,准确理解材料内容,确保自己的理解与作者所表达的意思一致。同时,不仅要能读懂字面含义,还要理清文章的脉络和框架,理解文章的隐含意义。只有这样才能保证所续写的故事合理。
A CONTINUATION OF A STORY
读后续写
在准确理解原文之后,考生应快速地理清原文中的人物和事件。由于所提供材料的体裁往往是以记事为主的记叙文,因此可根据“谁”和“发生了什么”这两大叙事性记叙文的要点,迅速理清故事人物及人物关系,提炼故事的主要事件。
A CONTINUATION OF A STORY
读后续写
2. 根据段落开头语,确定续写方向
在提炼出人物和故事要点之后,应当结合两个续写段落的首句充分发挥想象,大胆预测故事的走向。但是,两个续写段落的首句既是提示,也是限制。因此,在预测内容时,须紧跟原文内容,紧密衔接段落首句,这样才能保证续写内容的融洽度。
A CONTINUATION OF A STORY
读后续写
通常,由于两个续写段落的首句已经给出,所以夹在两个续写段落首句之间的第一段的续写方向相对第二段会较为明确一些。而第二段的续写方向相对而言会开放一些,需要结合原文铺垫的人物性格特征和故事发展脉络进行大胆地预测。
A CONTINUATION OF A STORY
读后续写
3. 调整写作语言,完成读后续写
在续写时,考生应对所给材料进行筛选和整合,并考虑与两个续写段落首句的衔接,以及续写要点之间的衔接。上下文的照应、连接词的有效运用等都可以使文本更加紧凑、连贯。同时,也应当在语言上加以润色,使用更加准确、具体和生动的词语,进而让人物形象更加鲜明,让故事更加生动。
A CONTINUATION OF A STORY
COMPOSE YOUR WRITING
1. Outlining
Draw a story map for your continuation of “The Last Leaf”. Make sure your continuation is coherent with the original story.
My Story Map
Title:______________________________________
Setting: _________________________________
Characters:______________________________
New plot: ________________________________
The development of the story
_____________________________________
↓
_____________________________________
↓
_____________________________________
↓
Ending: ______________________________
COMPOSE YOUR WRITING
My Story Map Title The spirit never dies
Setting a three-story building in Greenwich Village, after Mr. Behrman passed away
Characters Johnsy and Sue
New plot Johnsy and Sue worked harder in art after Mr. Behrman died. They decided to get on in life and share this touching story with people.
The development of the story With their continuous hard work, they successfully held an art exhibition of their paintings and some remaining works from Mr. Behrman.
Ending The local newspaper reported about this. Some rich men bought their works. Johnsy and Sue raised a charity to support poor people with pneumonia.
COMPOSE YOUR WRITING
Writing a Continuation of a Story
It's important to:
· understand the setting, the characters and the plot of the original story;
· start your continuation with a new plot based on what has happened;
Writing Help
2. Drafting Use your story map and the Writing Help to write the first draft.
COMPOSE YOUR WRITING
Writing a Continuation of a Story
· include different types of details like sensory details, actions and thoughts;
· create dialogues that sound real and natural;
· write the continuation in the same tone and tense as the original story.
Writing Help
2. Drafting Use your story map and the Writing Help to write the first draft.
COMPOSE YOUR WRITING
3. Editing
Edit your letter in pairs. Then share what you have written in class.
Does the writer continue the story based on an understanding of the setting, the characters and the plot of the original story
Does the continuation start with a reasonable new plot
Does the writer include enough sensory details, actions and thoughts
Does the writer create dialogues that sound real and natural
COMPOSE YOUR WRITING
Sample Writing
Hearing what Sue said, Johnsy was lost in guilt. Johnsy and Sue sat behind the window gazing at the last leaf that Mr. Behrman had painted with tears in silence. Then they looked at each other sadly.
“I’ve been a bad girl, but now I have regretted and I will do something for Mr. Behrman, who sacrificed his life for mine.” Johnsy told Sue.
COMPOSE YOUR WRITING
Since then, they devoted their whole heart to the cause of art. Johnsy combined her own style with the inspiration from Mr. Behrman, and created some paintings that drew attention from the local newspaper.
With their continuous hard work, They successfully held an art exhibition of their paintings and some remaining works from Mr. Behrman.
The local newspaper reported about this. Some rich men bought their works. Johnsy and Sue raised a charity to support poor people with pneumonia.
VOCABULARY
1. amazed
be amazed at/ by sb./ sth. 对……感到惊讶
be amazed to do sth. 因做某事而感到惊讶
amaze vt. 使吃惊;惊讶 amazing adj. 令人吃惊的
amazement n. 惊讶;吃惊;惊异 in amazement 惊奇地
to one's amazement 令某人惊讶的是
What amazes sb. is that… 使某人惊讶的是……
练习:You'll be _____________ at how high you can fly when you leave some of the baggage behind.
amazed
VOCABULARY
2. comfort
comfort oneself with 用……安慰自己
in comfort 舒适地 discomfort n. 不适;vt. 使不舒服
take comfort in/from… 从……中寻求安慰
comfortable adj. (令人)舒服的 comfortably adv. (令人)舒服地
uncomfortable adj. (令人)不舒服的
uncomfortably adv. (令人)不舒服地
练习:I tried to offer a few words of _____________.
comfort
VOCABULARY
3. aboard
go/ get aboard 上(船,飞机,火车等)
All aboard! 请大家上船(或火车,公共汽车等)!
board n. 木板;董事会v. 登上(船,飞机,火车,公共汽车等)
broad adj. 宽阔的;广阔的
abroad adv. 在国外;到国外
练习:They have to go ___________ before the ship sails.
aboard
LANGUAGE POINTS
1. I would never again take my home for granted.
take...for granted 视……为理所当然(而对其不重视)
It took humans 10, 000 years to learn how to grow most of the crops we now take for granted.
人类花了1 万年的时间,才学会种植我们现在习以为常的大部分农作物。
The sense of security—it was a luxury she had come to take for granted.
安全感——现在成了奢侈品,过去她却认为是理所当然的。
该结构常常用it 作形式宾语,真正的宾语从句后置。
You shouldn’t take it for granted that we support you forever.
你不应该认为我们永远支持你是理所当然的。
LANGUAGE POINTS
2. I couldn’t say where I was, nor could I imagine.
nor 引起的倒装句:nor 置于句首,句子使用了部分倒装语序,即把情态动词could 放在主语 I 的前面,也可以用neither。
I didn’t tell the truth to my parents, nor did I intend them to help me.
我没有告诉我父母真相,我也没想让他们帮助我。
My parents didn’t go aboard the ship, and neither did I.
我父母没上船,我也没有。
Not a single cigarette did he smoke in his life.
他一生一支烟也没抽过。
LANGUAGE POINTS
3. Then came the sound of a heavy door opening, and two seamen appeared.
then 置于句首时的倒装:副词then 位于句首,谓语是come 或go 时,用完全倒装结构。
Then came the news that the specialist would give a speech on how to raise production.
然后传来了消息,这个专家将发表关于如何提高产量的演讲。
Then came the hour we had been looking forward to.
我们盼望的时刻终于到了。
PRACTICE
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Finally, the bell rang. "Don't forget to practice your class presentation at home!" Miss Bella cried as everyone started talking and packing their school bags. Jessy felt sick. She hated having to read aloud in class. She was sure everyone got really bored listening to her. Once, when Jessy was reading out her holiday diary, Lee was even looking at his watch, a silver and blue one which seemed just magical.
PRACTICE
Jessy watched Lee walk ahead of her as they left school. He seemed so clever, and he had a certain sort of shining confidence. He was just one of those people who were good at everything. Jessy sighed. As she turned the corner, she saw Lee's watch lying right in the middle of the path.
Jessy knew she should just pick it up and return it to him, but she didn't want to run after him. Jessy bent down quickly, picked up the watch and ran home. On arriving home, Jessy put it on almost without thinking. She was surprised it fitted so well.
PRACTICE
She walked to the mirror and started practicing her speech. Words just flooded out of her. "I'm going to talk about swimming. I have been lucky. I've won lots of competitions. But when I'm in a race, I'm not really thinking about winning. I'm just loving the feeling of being in the water..." Jessy laughed with excitement. She walked across the room. She suddenly seemed to have a certain sort of confidence. Turning back to the mirror, Jessy saw a flash of light from the watch in the glass. The flashes of silver seemed almost magical. So maybe Lee's
PRACTICE
watch really DID have something magic about it.
The next day, as the lesson began, Miss Bella asked who was going to be brave and go first. Nobody moved. Jessy slowly raised her arm. Before Miss Bella could say anything, there was a shout from behind. "She's stolen my watch!" Lee said angrily, "It went missing at school yesterday."
注意:
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
PRACTICE
Everybody was fixing their eyes on Jessy, waiting for an explanation. _____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Miss Bella smiled and asked the classes to listen to Jessy' speech first. _____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
PRACTICE
Everybody was fixing their eyes on Jessy, waiting for an explanation. A flush of embarrassment came to her cheeks, making Jessy biting her lips. Dead silence suddenly fell. Then came Miss Bella's voice, "Why is Lee's watch on your wrist " Jessy hesitated for a while and decided to tell the truth. However, on second thoughts of the well-prepared speech and the magic of the watch, she changed her mind. "Miss Bella, could I give the
One possible version
PRACTICE
speech first and then explain " She made a request in a tone of begging.
Miss Bella smiled and asked the class to listen to Jessy's speech first. Jessy put away her fright, took a deep breath and made for the platform. Casting a glance at the sea of faces watching her, Jessy cleared her throat and began her speech. "I'm going to talk about swimming..." Word began to flood out of
One possible version
PRACTICE
her. "What a terrific speech!" Whispers went around the classroom, and even Miss Bella nodded with approval. Immediately Jessy finished her speech, a storm of applause erupted from the class. Relieved, Jessy told everyone the truth, and especially the magic of the watch. She returned the watch to Lee as she eventually realized the real source of confidence.
One possible version
SUMMARY
Learn how to write a continuation of a story;
Analyse the structure and language of a story;
Notice the author's style and recreate that style;
Get general understanding and specific information;
Learn about and practice words and expressions in context;
Write with correct sentence construction and spelling;
Compose writing through outlining, drafting and editing.
Thank you