专题02 短文填空 15道 （上海中考真题+中考模拟）-2025年上海中考英语高分提升之最新题速递【含答案+解析】
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2025年上海中考英语高分提升之最新题速递
专题02 短文填空 15道 （上海中考真题+中考模拟）
一、单词拼写
（2025·上海市模拟）Having a positive attitude towards life is extremely important in all aspects, especially in an interview. Most people do b 1． at interviews because they don't have a positive attitude. In other words, they are nervous and f 2． all of their strengths and achievements. Don't be shy! Tell the world about the good things you have done.
Here are some things to encourage you and improve your performance in life.
Always keep eye contact with people you are talking to. Looking into someone's eyes expresses honesty. B 3． , your smile will cheer up everyone.
Always use a handshake when you meet an interviewer. If you shake the interviewer's hand firmly and tell your name proudly, you will directly show you are s 4． about your occupation. Such a handshake will bring the feelings of being trustful and equal. This is the best way to make a good i 5． .
Always look on the bright side of life. Point out advantages of everything and everyone. Every person has shining p 6． . Find them!
Be glad to learn something new every day.
Be generous to share something new with your partner every day.
Always say more than yes or no when you are a 7． .
As long as you follow the above tips, your life will gradually bring some active responses in return.
（2025·金山模拟）在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺；每空格限填一词，首字母已给。
Jack escaped from prison because he wanted to find two men, Martin and someone called "Laohu". That was all Jack knew about the second man. He knew Martin when they were officers in the army. Richard, the detective, left London on the same day Jack escaped. His job was to help the police c 8． Jack again.
Richard got on the train at five o'clock and an hour later, he was asleep in the warm train compartment (车厢) while Jack was still in his hiding place in the field, 100 miles away. The winter evening got darker and colder and he could hardly feel his f 9． arms and legs. Jack was hungry and tired. He knew clearly that he had to find food, warm clothing and a warm place somewhere. "I can't just stay in this field and die of the cold!" he said to h 10． . Then Jack stood up and began to walk. A few minutes later, Jack could see better in the moonlight. He looked around and saw a small light, not far away. "What can it be It can't be a car because it isn't m 11． . It must be a house!" he thought and began to walk towards it. The light got larger. It was a house. He could see the form of the roof in the d 12． . Ten minutes later, Jack was outside the house. He stopped and listened, but felt strange. He couldn't hear anything, not e 13． a television, but he was sure there must be someone there because there was a light on. An idea suddenly appeared, "This is probably the only house around for miles! The police know I'm probably around here somewhere. And if they're anywhere, they're in that house, waiting for me!"
Jack kept still. His face and hands were like ice in the snow. "I have to take the c 14． ! I have to! This is the only place I can find warm clothes and food!" he thought. At that time, he heard the sound of the train.
（2025·黄浦模拟）在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给。
Know Your Feelings
Take a moment to notice how your body feels right now. Is your breathing fast or slow Is your mind busy with thoughts, or focused on what you're reading These are s 15． from your body and brain that show how you're feeling.
Where do feelings come from
"Feelings start in our brains and exist in our bodies," says Ekta Hattangady, a counselor who helps people with their problems through conversation. Hattangady e 16． how different emotions show up in our bodies. "When we're happy or find something funny, we smile. When someone surprises us, our chest or throat might feel tight. When we're scared, our breathing can become short," she says.
Why do feelings m 17．
Feelings are important because they give us clues about what we need. If you're angry, it might mean something is unfair, and you need help to fix it. If you're sad, it could mean you need comfort or time to feel b 18． . Understanding your feelings, called emotional awareness, is a key part of growing up. It helps you express what you're feeling, which makes it easier to get the help you need to work through things.
Emotions are messengers
You might have seen the movie Inside Out 2. In it, the characters in Riley's brain represent her c 19． emotions. Each one takes over as she faces big life events. We see joy, fear, and sadness appear when Riley starts high school and worries about losing her friends. Riley learns to understand that all feelings are normal and natural r 20． to different situations, and they all have an important role to play.
Try making it a habit to notice how you feel during the day or week. Hattangady says, "Feelings don't last f 21． —they come and go. Learning to notice them without letting them control you helps us stay calm and make wise choices."
（2025·崇明模拟）在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给。
On 21 August, 14-year-old Katie McCabe, from Devon, England, completed a challenge to sail around Great Britain. McCabe arrived back in Exmouth, Devon, after a 52-day trip that s 22． on 30 June. She sailed on an eight-meter-long wooden boat called Falanda. While her father, David, sailed five miles behind her, Katie sailed her boat single-handedly for the w 23． trip, which means she sailed alone from the beginning to the end. McCabe has been interested in sailing from an early age, and grew up on her parents' fishing boat. She wanted to sail across the Atlantic, "but my parents wouldn't a 24． me," McCabe told The Times, "so I thought, ‘Why not go around Britain '." Setting off in an anti-clockwise direction, McCabe covered a total distance of 1, 840 miles. Her j 25． went via the Caledonian Canal, which connects the east coast (海岸) of Scotland with the west coast. This means that she didn't go all the way round the north of the country. McCabe then sailed down the Irish Sea to Wales, before crossing the Bristol Channel back to England. Upon her return, McCabe wrote on Facebook, "I can officially say I have sailed single-handedly around Britain, a d 26． I have been having since forever!" She added that for the past seven and a half weeks, "I have been imagining sailing around Britain, just me, and Falanda (with dad a small spot in the distance behind!)." McCabe hopes to be officially recognized as the y 27． person to sail around Britain. That record now belongs to Timothy Long, who sailed around Britain last year at the age of 15. He was at Exmouth to welcome her back. "I'd like to think I'd be that nice if someone would break the record next year," McCabe said. McCabe took on the challenge to raise m 28． for Sea Shepherd, a charity that supports marine wildlife. At the time the magazine went to press, McCabe had raised more than $15, 000.
（2025·杨浦模拟）Have we lost the ability to focus on a single task Daniel Goleman thinks so. Here, the bestselling science writer shares e 29． that show how technology takes over our attention and weakens real-life connections.
On a ferry to a holiday island, a little girl was nervous and hugged her mother tightly. The mother, however, didn't seem to n 30． ; she was focused on her tablet the whole time. Something similar happened a few minutes later in a shared taxi van with nine students going on a weekend trip. As soon as they sat down, everyone began checking their phones or tablets. There was little conversation, just silence.
These moments show how devices like mobile phones and tablets take our attention away from the people around us. Among all age groups, teenagers are e 31． affected. In recent years, their monthly text messages have doubled, reaching an average of 3, 417. At the same time, the time they spend on face to face conversation has become l 32． . Young people may be good with devices, but they often have trouble understanding body language or behavior in person. This can lead to embarrassing or even r 33． actions, like checking a text during a conversation without realizing it might upset someone.
Adults also face challenges in focusing. In Mexico, a person who works in advertising says people used to watch longer videos, but now they quickly lose i 34． and check their phones. Some offices have stopped using laptops and phones during meetings to help people focus. A teacher who loves movies is reading a book about a famous director. But he finds it hard to read more than two pages without wanting to check his email. He w 35． deeply that he's losing his ability to concentrate.
Goleman suggests that by understanding these effects, we can take steps to balance technology use and rebuild meaningful connections.
（2025·青浦模拟）In recent years, there has been a shortage of people applying to work as waiters in the UK. Because of this, some b 36． are using robots in different jobs to replace humans. Some robots can already make pizzas, and others operate as waiters. Some of them look like bookshelves on wheels, with shelves for trays and plates. They can g 37． customers and show them to their table, while human employees take food orders and load the plates on and off the robots. Some people think robots are the future of dining, but others say it's not a good idea. What do you think, should robots work in restaurants
Yes—robots are efficient and fun
Robots are a great s 38． for those restaurants that are short of waiters. They are expensive to buy but they don't need to be paid, so they can work out cheaper than people. Also, machines don't need breaks or holidays, and they can work long hours, which humans find t 39． . Some people say that robots make fewer mistakes than humans, plus they can do the basic jobs that are boring for people, freeing up the human waiters to do more complicated jobs. Besides, robots are a fun addition because they can a 40． new customers to restaurants.
No—robots can't replace people
Who wants to talk to a machine Diners want human communication, and some people might even find a robot waiter upsetting. Also, considering how much they cost, robot waiters don't do much. They can't answer questions that they aren't p 41． to answer, so a human will often have to step in anyway. Plus, most of the robot waiters used at the moment require staff to load and unload their trays. Even if they were amazing, we shouldn't use them instead of humans, because it's unfair to take people's jobs away. Also, robot waiters may not react f 42． enough if an object or a person appears unexpectedly in their path, and what if they run out of power or drop things
（2025·虹口模拟）Fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给)
Do memes improve our language
What we need to know … ●A meme is a humorous picture, video, piece of text, or GIF that is spread across the Internet, especially on social media. ●A recent report showed that people from different age groups understand the meaning of the smiling dog meme in different ways.
Yes-they bring language to life When you write a message to others, it can be hard to show your feeling because they can't see you or hear the tone (语气) of your voice. Memes can be a s 43． to the problem. They help in the same way that people use body language. The pictures are easily understood by a 44． , making them a common language. Memes are very efficient (高效的). One picture can express an idea or emotion that might take someone else a f 45． sentence to explain. They also make language more exciting. A meme can e 46． our language by adding fun to the expressions and giving the words extra effect. No-words are all we need There are more than 170,000 words in use in the English language. If people can't find the proper words to express their emotions when writing, they should look at a dictionary and pick carefully. Through the right c 47． of words, we already have everything we need to communicate effectively. People can use the same memes to mean different things. This may c 48． the readers if they understand the memes in a different way. Although sometimes one meme might work on its own, lots of them used together don't express the meaning as c 49． as a well written sentence. The meaning can be difficult to figure out.
（2025·嘉定模拟）Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给）
Over time, most cities get larger.
What happens What is the r 50．
Families who live in a city have children who grow up and need their o 51． places to live. People move to the city from other places. The city needs more houses and apartment buildings for people to live in.
People build new houses and apartment buildings on green land around the city. The city gets larger and takes up more land. This is c 52． urban sprawl (城市扩张).
Farmland around the city is sold so people can build on it. There is less farmland in the area for growing food.
When there are fewer farms in an area, more food needs to come from places farther away. Transporting more food on trucks, trains, and planes puts more pollution into the air.
Trees and plants that grew on the green land are destroyed when new buildings go up. Animals that need trees and plants for food or s 53． must try to find a new place to live.
Some animals will not find a new place to live and will die. Animals can become endangered or extinct.
How to deal with urban sprawl Here are some things cities are doing to s 54． or slow down the problem.
Building houses with smaller backyards: This means more houses can fit on a large piece of land. Then less green land is destroyed for new homes.
Building taller buildings in a city: Taller buildings provide more s 55． for people to live and work inside the city. Many homes can fit on a small patch of land. Then there is less need to put up new buildings or green land.
Creating greenbelts. A greenbelt is a green area around a city where people are not allowed to build. O 56． farms, parks and wild countryside are allowed in a greenbelt, so urban sprawl will not take over the land.
（2025·普陀模拟）在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给。
They are summer-time singers. They're found everywhere except in the North and South Poles. And even though they're common, they're also quite fascinating. Who are they Grasshoppers!
A 57． Body
Grasshoppers have an exoskeleton which means the skeleton is on the outside of their body. They have two sets of wings. The front pair is hard and strong, like a shell. The back pair is soft and flexible, which allows the grasshopper to change directions quickly and smoothly during f 58． . The grasshopper also has three pairs of very strong legs. They use these to walk and to jump 20 times their own body length. Imagine if you could do that!
Have you ever tried to catch a grasshopper You won't even have a chance. It's because they have five eyes in total, which help them see in almost every direction. This means they can r 59． miss noticing any danger coming.
Music Makers
If you hear a pleasant chirp (唧唧声) on a summer night, it could be a male grasshopper trying to attract a female one, or ask other males to stay away. It p 60． the sound by rubbing the back leg against its forewing, just like playing the violin. Next time you hear the chirping sound in summer, remember it's a grasshopper's l 61． song or a warning call.
Friend or enemy
Some grasshoppers like the taste of wheat, corn and cotton—all things we use and farmers hate to l 62． . In fact, a large group of grasshoppers called locusts can quickly and easily eat up a farmer's crops in just a few minutes.
However, not all grasshoppers are monsters. A type of grasshoppers called Turnbull helps c 63． the growth of weeds (野草) by eating them. The Two-Striped grasshoppers eat plants that are harmful to cows.
（2024·浦东模拟）在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给。
Have you heard about periodic table (元素周期表) lately Well, there's some big news about this special table. But first, remember that periodic table is u 64． to organize all the elements, or things that make up our world.
Elements are all around us. Iron is one of the commonest elements found within the earth. You probably know the element oxygen. It is the element that we b 65． in all the time. And elements can combine to make new things like H2O, namely hydrogen put together with oxygen, also known as water. Learning about this helps us b 66． understand the world we live in.
But have you ever noticed something missing in the periodic table There were already 114 elements, but the seventh row of the table was not f 67． until now. In December, scientists from IUPAC found the four elements that were missing. There are elements 113, 115, 117 and 118. "To scientists, this is of greater v 68． than an Olympic gold medal," Ryoji Noyori, a noble honored chemist, told Guardian.
The new elements are heavy metals and were made in l 69． . This kind of elements can't find in nature. Scientists are still looking for ways to use these elements and other elements in the eighth row in our daily lives.
Scientists have been working on this for ten years, but the work is not done. Now they will p 70． to look for "element 119 and beyond". But for now, be careful when you read your chemistry books because the periodic table might be outdated.
（2024·上海市模拟）At the beginning of this term, an elementary school in Jiangxi province announced a decision it would no longer prepare meals in its own canteen. I 71． , it would serve its students pre-made food. The move quickly caused a debate across the country. Many parents said that they were worried about food s 72． . Some of them even deliver homemade meals. school at lunchtime every day.
Later in September, the ministry of education made a statement. It w 73． against introducing pre-made meals to schools. For the moment, that's mainly because there are not yet any national standards for such food.
The market for pre-made meals has been developing quickly over the past few years. In 2022 there were more than 60,000 related companies in China and the number is still g 74． . By 2026 the market will have reached more than one trillion yuan.
What has made pre-made meals so popular They have obvious a 75． . They are quick and convenient to prepare. They also have a long shelf life. However, parents' worries are not w 76． reason. Pre-made food may be acceptable every now and then, but few people eat it every day. Naturally, they don't want their children to do so either.
In fact, pre-made meals are all prepared by central kitchens. They're not n 77． unhealthy compared with freshly cooked food. The problem is how to make sure that these companies follow all the hygiene rules when they cook and store food. For now, the pre-made food industry still has a long way to go.
（2024·松江模拟） Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词, 使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词, 首字母已给) (14分)
A pack rat① named Poncho had a big storeroom for all his things. Every day, Poncho went outside. He came back with leaves for lunch, seeds for supper and other things to f 78． his storeroom.
One day, as Poncho was walking, he saw a shiny golden spoon. He picked up the spoon and took it home.
"Oh no," said Poncho, looking around his storeroom. "There's no s 79． for my spoon. I'll have to move things around to find a place for it." But he failed.
"I'll sort my things into two piles," Poncho said to himself. "I'll make a pile of things I want to s 80． and a pile of things to throw away." When Poncho finished sorting, he didn't have two piles. He had one pile. He wanted everything. He was sad because his plan had not worked.
Then an idea came to Poncho's mind. "I know how I'll make room for my spoon! My birthday is coming soon. I can have an amazing party."
Poncho made an i 81． .
Come to my special birthday. I'll have a giving-away party. Don't bring me a present. I'll give each of you one instead. After the party, you can take anything e 82． the shiny golden spoon outside my door.
Poncho's friends all came to his party on the birthday. They ate birthday berries and sang the birthday song. Then Poncho said, "It's time for my dear friends to pick presents."
The party turned w 83． . The guests shouted happily, chose what they like and showed appreciation to Poncho. And he waved goodbye to all his friends.
"Now I will bring in my shiny spoon," Poncho said happily. He went out and took the spoon inside. He stood in the center of the storeroom and looked around, "Tomorrow I will go out and get a few m 84． things. After all, why have a storeroom if you don't store things in it "
① pack rat林鼠，生活在北美及尼加拉瓜和危地马拉等地，它们在觅食的同时也捡拾筑窝的材料。林鼠有个奇特的习性，就是收集并在窝申藏各种怪诞的物品，特别喜欢闪光发亮的小物件。
（2024·青浦模拟） Fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给出。)
Dear past humans,
I am writing to you from the future a time beyond your imagination. I want to share with you what our world has become and how it differs from the one you live in.
Firstly, let me tell you that we have made incredible (难以置信的) progress in many a 85． . Medicine has advanced to the point where we have found ways to deal with almost every disease that once caused pains or troubles. We have learned to use clean, renewable energy sources and have r 86． our impact (影响) on the environment greatly. We have also made big progress in AI (artificial intelligence) (人工智能) and space exploration, allowing us to unlock the mysteries of the universe.
However, despite all these things, our world still faces many c 87． . The gap between rich and poor has grown wider and many people still struggle to make ends meet. Climate change has caused many natural disasters and forced many people to leave their homes. And while our efforts on artificial intelligence are proved to be a big step f 88． , we must be careful to make sure that it does not cause harm to humanity.
But perhaps the most important thing I want to share with you is that we have realized the importance of being r 89． . We have come to understand that our actions and decisions have an impact on others and on the planet we call home. We are working together to build a more reasonable fair world where everyone has chances to get the resources they need. I hope that you can take these l 90． to heart and fight for yourselves and the future. The choices you make today will have an impact on generations to come. Let us work together to build a b 91． tomorrow.
Yours sincerely,
A future human
（2024·宝山模拟） Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词, 使内容通顺, 每空格限填一词, 首字母已给)
In 2013, Diana Nyad became the first person to swim from Cuba (古巴)to Florida (美国弗罗里达州)without the help of a shark cage, at age 64.
Diana was born in New York City but moved to Florida after her graduation from college. She began swimming at the age of 10 and showed t 92． and love for the sport from an early stage. Under the coach of Jack Nelson, the former (昔日的)Olympic swimmer, she won a lot of long-distance swimming competitions during the 1960s and 1970s. Diana became well-known for setting a new r 93． for swimming around the island of Manhatan(曼哈顿岛)in1975 in a time of 7 hours and 57 minutes.
At the age of 28, Diana tried to swim from Cuba to Florida for the first time, but was unsuccessful after high winds forced her to give up the journey. After experiencing v 94． injuries and health problems, Diana felt the need for new challenges beyond the pool. At the age of 30, she became a journalist in broadcast. Diana loved her new job, but from the bottom of her heart, there still was an u 95． goal.
After 30 years of no swimming, Diana began training at age 60 with the goal of finishing what she started. In 2011, she failed the Cuba-to-Florida swim t 96． , first making it 29 hours and then 41 hours. The swim was too difficult and full of danger. During the long and tiring journey, Diana had met with terrible storm and deadly sea animals such as sharks and box jellyfish (箱形水 母). But every time Diana failed, she was ready to fight back. In August 2012, after she had spent 60 hours in the water, a lightning storm and other problems stopped her for the fourth time.
In 2013, 35 years after her first try, the 64-year-old Diana planned to swim from Cuba to Florida for a fifth time. After 52 hours 54 minutes and 18 seconds, Diana completed the historic swim with the help of a crew of doctors, scientists and navigators on September 2. She finally became the first person to a 97． the close-to-impossible goal.
In her book Find a Way, Diana sent us three messages:
⒈We should never ever give up;
⒉It's never too old to chase your dreams;
⒊The swim looks like an individual sport but a 98． it needs a team effort.
（2024九上·松江模拟） Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words(在短文的空格内填入适当的词, 使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词, 首字母已给)
Plants "Talk"
Scientists have known for years that plants respond to sounds around them. But now scientists in Israel have shown that plants also seem to be doing some "talking".
Professor Hadany and her team at Aviv University set up microphones to r 99． tomato plants under different situations. The result showed that the plants made ultrasonic sounds(超声波). When the researchers changed the sounds into ones that humans could hear, they heard sharp clicking noises (咔哒声).
As the scientists studied the sounds, they notice the regularity. Plants h 100． clicked when they had enough water. But as their soil(土壤)got drier, they began to click.
When scientists cut off a stem from the plants, the plants also clicked more. But the clicking wasn't the same as when the plants needed water. The result suggests that researchers may one day be able to use a plant's sounds to find out when it is having trouble, and what trouble it is having. That could be very helpful to f 101． .
The other research has shown that plants also make sounds to communicate in some ways. When insects a 102． a plant, it will give a warning to its neighbours. Soon, nearby plants start to make chemicals that don't taste good to insects. It's an effective way for plants to p 103． themselves.
Then here is a question: Is anything listening to the plants Dr. Hadany points out that mice who live on plants can hear the sounds. The clicks may tell them whether a plant has problems. If the plant isn't h 104． , they will avoid it.
As Dr. Hadany says, "Even in a quiet field, there are actually sounds that we don't hear, and those sounds carry i 105． . The team's research has already changed our ideas about plants. "
答案解析部分
1．(b)adly；2．(f)orget；3．(B)esides；4．(s)erious；5．(i)mpression；6．(p)oints；7．(a)sked
8．(c)atch；9．(f)rozen；10．(h)imself；11．(m)oving；12．(d)ark；13．(e)ven；14．(c)hance
15．(s)ignals；16．(e)xplains；17．(m)atter；18．(b)etter；19．(c)ore；20．(r)esponses；21．(f)orever
22．(s)tarted；23．(w)hole；24．(a)llow；25．(j)ourney；26．(d)ream；27．(y)oungest；28．(m)oney
29．(e)xamples；30．(n)otice；31．(e)specially；32．(l)ess；33．(r)ude；34．(i)nterest；35．(w)orries
36．(b)usinesses；37．(g)reet；38．(s)olution；39．(t)iring；40．(a)ttract；41．(p)rogrammed；42．(f)ast
43．(s)olution；44．(a)nyone；45．(f)ull；46．(e)nrich；47．(c)ombination；48．(c)onfuse；49．(c)learly
50．(r)eason；51．(o)wn；52．(c)alled；53．(s)helter；54．(s)olve；55．(s)pace；56．(O)nly
57．(A)bout；58．(f)light；59．(r)arely；60．(p)roduces；61．(l)ove；62．(l)ose；63．(c)ontrol
64．(u)sed；65．(b)reathe；66．(b)etter；67．(f)inished；68．(v)alue；69．(l)aboratories；70．(p)repare
71．(I)nstead；72．(s)afety；73．(w)arned；74．(g)rowing；75．(a)dvantages；76．(w)ithout；77．(n)ecessarily
78．(f)ill；79．(s)pace；80．(s)ave；81．(i)nvitation；82．(e)xcept；83．(w)ild；84．(m)ore
文章大意：本文主要讲的是一只名叫Poncho的林鼠邀请了所有的朋友来参加"赠送派对"，以便让自己的储藏室有足够的空间来存放物品。
考查英语单词的拼写，以及单词在具体语境中的应用。学生需要根据给出的首字母提示正确拼写出对应的单词，并且理解这个单词在句子中的意义，以便准确填写空白处。
78．他带着午餐用的树叶、晚餐用的种子和其他东西来填满他的储藏室。此空需要一个动词，与his storeroom搭配，表示用带来的东西将其填满，结合首字母提示，应用fill，填满。故答案为fill。
79．"哦，不，"Poncho环顾他的储藏室说，"没有放我的勺子的空间了。"此空需要一个名词，与"for my spoon"搭配，表示储藏室里没有放勺子的空间。结合首字母提示，应用space，空间。故答案为space。
80．"我要把我的东西分成两堆，"Poncho自言自语道，"一堆是我要保存的，一堆是要扔掉的。"根据want to do sth，此空需要一个动词，表示想要做的事情，结合首字母提示，应用save，保存。故答案为save。
81．Poncho发了一张邀请函。根据空格前为冠词an，这里需要一个名词单数，结合首字母提示，应用invitation，邀请。故答案为invitation。
82．聚会结束后，你们可以把除了闪亮的金色勺子之外的所有东西带出我的门外。此空需要一个介词，与the shiny golden spoon搭配，表示除了勺子之外的所有东西。结合首字母提示，应用except，除了...之外。故答案为except。
83．聚会变得热闹起来。此空需要一个形容词，描述聚会的氛围。结合首字母提示，应用wild，热闹的，表示聚会变得非常活跃和欢快。故答案为wild。
84．"明天我要出去再找一些更多的东西。毕竟，如果你不在储藏室里放东西，那要储藏室干什么呢？"此空需要一个形容词，修饰things，表示Poncho打算去找更多的东西。结合首字母提示，应用more，更多的。故答案为more。
85．(a)reas/aspects；86．(r)educed；87．(c)hallenges；88．(f)orward；89．(r)esponsible；90．(l)essons；91．(b)right/(b)righter/(b)etter
文章大意：这篇文章是以一个未来人类的身份写给过去人类的信。信中，未来人类描述了与过去截然不同的世界，强调了科技、医学、环境保护等方面的巨大进步，但同时也指出了当前世界仍然面临的挑战，如贫富差距扩大、气候变化引发的自然灾害以及人工智能可能带来的潜在风险。
考查英语单词的拼写，以及单词在具体语境中的应用。学生需要根据给出的首字母提示正确拼写出对应的单词，并且理解这个单词在句子中的意义，以便准确填写空白处。
85．首先，让我告诉你，我们在许多领域取得了令人难以置信的进步。这里需要填入一个名词，表示"领域"或"方面"，与后面的Medicine相呼应，表明在多个领域都取得了进步。根据首字母a，可以填入area或aspect，空格前为many，许多的，需要填入名词复数形式。故答案为(a)reas/aspects。
86．我们已经学会了使用清洁、可再生的能源，并大大减少了我们对环境的影响。这里需要填入一个动词的过去分词形式，与前面的have构成现在完成时态，表示"已经……"。根据We have learned to use clean, renewable energy sources，应该是减少了对环境的影响，所以应填入reduce的过去分词形式reduced。故答案为(r)educed。
87．然而，尽管有这些成就，我们的世界仍然面临许多挑战。空格处需要一个名词，结合首字母提示c，应用challenge。空格前为many，许多的，需要填入名词复数形式。故答案为(c)hallenges。
88．尽管我们在人工智能方面的努力被证明是向前迈出的一大步，但我们必须小心确保它不会对人类造成伤害。这里需要填入一个副词，表示"向前地"或"向前地迈出"。根据首字母f，可以确定应填入forward。故答案为(f)orward。
89．但也许我最想与你分享的是，我们已经意识到负责任的重要性。这里需要填入一个形容词，作为being的表语，根据首字母r，可以确定应填入responsible，负责任的。故答案为(r)esponsible。
90．我希望你们能牢记这些教训，为自己和未来而战。空格处需要一个名词作为take的宾语，结合首字母提示l，应用lesson。these后要跟可数名词的复数形式。故答案为(l)essons。
91．让我们携手共创一个更美好的明天。这里需要填入一个形容词原级或形容词的比较级形式，作为tomorrow的定语，表示"美好的/更美好的的明天"。根据首字母b，可以填入bright的原级、比较级brighter或better。故答案为(b)right/(b)righter/(b)etter。
92．talent；93．record；94．various；95．unusual；96．trip；97．achieve；98．actually
文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了Diana从小就表现出了对游泳这项运动的天赋和热爱。并在她64岁的时候实现了不同寻常的目标。
考查单词填空。仔细阅读有空格线的句子，根据句意及句中关键词判断词义及词性。
92．她从10岁开始学习游泳，从小就表现出了对这项运动的天赋和热爱。根据原文Diana became well-known for setting a new r 2 for swimming around the island of Manhatan(曼哈顿岛) in1975 in a time of 7 hours and 57 minutes.1975年，Diana以7小时57分钟的成绩绕曼哈顿岛游泳，创下了新纪录。可知她从小就表现出了对这项运动的天赋和热爱。根据原句中 showed t 1 and love ，可知此处是名词。故答案为talent。
93．Diana以7小时57分钟的成绩绕曼哈顿岛游泳，创下了新纪录。根据原句中a new，可知此处是单数名词。根据原句Diana became well-known for setting a new，可知此处是创下了新纪录。故答案为record。
94．在经历了各种伤害和健康问题后。根据原句中injuries and health problems，可知此处是形容词。且injuries and health problems都是复数形式， 可推知是各种各样的的伤害合计健康问题。故答案为various。
95．Diana热爱她的新工作，但从内心深处，仍然有一个 不同寻常 的目标。根据原文After 30 years of no swimming, Diana began training at age 60 with the goal of finishing what she started.30年没有游泳后，Diana在 60 岁时开始训练，目标是完成她开始的目标。可推知此处是不同寻常的目标。故答案为unusual。
96．2011年，她从古巴到佛罗里达的游泳之旅失败了，先是游了29小时，后来又游了41小时。根据原文During the long and tiring journey,可知此处是游泳之旅失败了。故答案为trip。
97．她终于成为第一个实现这个近乎不可能的目标的人。根据原文Diana completed the historic swim with the help of a crew of doctors, scientists and navigators on September 2.9月2日，Diana在医生、科学家和航海家的帮助下完成了历史性的游泳。此处可推知她实现这个近乎不可能的目标。故答案为achieve。
98．游泳看似一项个人运动，但实际上需要团队的努力。根据原句中but，前后是转折关系。根据原句looks like看起来像，但实际上是……故答案为actually。
99．record；100．hardly；101．farmers；102．attack；103．protect；104．healthy；105．information
本文主要介绍了植物能够发出声音，并且这些声音能够告诉人们植物遇到了什么问题。
考查单词拼写，注意识记副词，名词复数，形容词做表语，不可数名词等多种用法。
99．特拉维夫大学的Hadany教授和她的团队设置了麦克风来记录不同情况下的番茄植株。根据"tomato plants under different situations"可知是记录不同情况下的番茄植株，record"记录"，动词不定式符号to后加动词原形。故填record。
100．当植物有足够的水时，它们几乎不会发出咔哒声。根据"But as their soil (土壤) got drier, they began to click."可知当土壤干燥时，它们开始发出咔哒声，但是当有足够的水时，几乎不会发出咔哒声，hardly"几乎不"。故填hardly。
101．这对农民很有帮助。根据"researchers may one day be able to use a plant's sounds to find out when it is having trouble, and what trouble it is having. That could be very helpful to"可知对植物的研究结果对农民有帮助，farmer"农民"，此处用名词复数。故填farmers。
102．当昆虫攻击植物时，它会向邻居发出警告。根据"it will give a warning to its neighbours"可知是受到攻击时，会发出警告，attack"攻击"，when引导的从句用一般现在时，主语是名词复数，谓语动词用原形。故填attack。
103．这是植物保护自己的有效方法。根据"It's an effective way for plants to...themselves"可知附近的植物开始散发对昆虫来说味道不好的化学物质，这是植物在保护自己，protect"保护"，动词不定式符号to后加动词原形。故填protect。
104．如果这种植物不健康，它们就会避开它。根据"they will avoid it."可知当植物不健康时，老鼠就会避开它，healthy"健康的"。故填healthy。
105．即使在安静的田野里，实际上也有我们听不到的声音，这些声音传递着信息。根据"there are actually sounds that we don't hear, and those sounds carry"可知这些声音传递着信息，information"信息"，不可数名词。故填information。
专题02 短文填空 15道 （上海中考真题+中考模拟）
一、单词拼写
（2025·上海市模拟）Having a positive attitude towards life is extremely important in all aspects, especially in an interview. Most people do b 1． at interviews because they don't have a positive attitude. In other words, they are nervous and f 2． all of their strengths and achievements. Don't be shy! Tell the world about the good things you have done.
Here are some things to encourage you and improve your performance in life.
Always keep eye contact with people you are talking to. Looking into someone's eyes expresses honesty. B 3． , your smile will cheer up everyone.
Always use a handshake when you meet an interviewer. If you shake the interviewer's hand firmly and tell your name proudly, you will directly show you are s 4． about your occupation. Such a handshake will bring the feelings of being trustful and equal. This is the best way to make a good i 5． .
Always look on the bright side of life. Point out advantages of everything and everyone. Every person has shining p 6． . Find them!
Be glad to learn something new every day.
Be generous to share something new with your partner every day.
Always say more than yes or no when you are a 7． .
As long as you follow the above tips, your life will gradually bring some active responses in return.
（2025·金山模拟）在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺；每空格限填一词，首字母已给。
Jack escaped from prison because he wanted to find two men, Martin and someone called "Laohu". That was all Jack knew about the second man. He knew Martin when they were officers in the army. Richard, the detective, left London on the same day Jack escaped. His job was to help the police c 8． Jack again.
Richard got on the train at five o'clock and an hour later, he was asleep in the warm train compartment (车厢) while Jack was still in his hiding place in the field, 100 miles away. The winter evening got darker and colder and he could hardly feel his f 9． arms and legs. Jack was hungry and tired. He knew clearly that he had to find food, warm clothing and a warm place somewhere. "I can't just stay in this field and die of the cold!" he said to h 10． . Then Jack stood up and began to walk. A few minutes later, Jack could see better in the moonlight. He looked around and saw a small light, not far away. "What can it be It can't be a car because it isn't m 11． . It must be a house!" he thought and began to walk towards it. The light got larger. It was a house. He could see the form of the roof in the d 12． . Ten minutes later, Jack was outside the house. He stopped and listened, but felt strange. He couldn't hear anything, not e 13． a television, but he was sure there must be someone there because there was a light on. An idea suddenly appeared, "This is probably the only house around for miles! The police know I'm probably around here somewhere. And if they're anywhere, they're in that house, waiting for me!"
Jack kept still. His face and hands were like ice in the snow. "I have to take the c 14． ! I have to! This is the only place I can find warm clothes and food!" he thought. At that time, he heard the sound of the train.
（2025·黄浦模拟）在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给。
Know Your Feelings
Take a moment to notice how your body feels right now. Is your breathing fast or slow Is your mind busy with thoughts, or focused on what you're reading These are s 15． from your body and brain that show how you're feeling.
Where do feelings come from
"Feelings start in our brains and exist in our bodies," says Ekta Hattangady, a counselor who helps people with their problems through conversation. Hattangady e 16． how different emotions show up in our bodies. "When we're happy or find something funny, we smile. When someone surprises us, our chest or throat might feel tight. When we're scared, our breathing can become short," she says.
Why do feelings m 17．
Feelings are important because they give us clues about what we need. If you're angry, it might mean something is unfair, and you need help to fix it. If you're sad, it could mean you need comfort or time to feel b 18． . Understanding your feelings, called emotional awareness, is a key part of growing up. It helps you express what you're feeling, which makes it easier to get the help you need to work through things.
Emotions are messengers
You might have seen the movie Inside Out 2. In it, the characters in Riley's brain represent her c 19． emotions. Each one takes over as she faces big life events. We see joy, fear, and sadness appear when Riley starts high school and worries about losing her friends. Riley learns to understand that all feelings are normal and natural r 20． to different situations, and they all have an important role to play.
Try making it a habit to notice how you feel during the day or week. Hattangady says, "Feelings don't last f 21． —they come and go. Learning to notice them without letting them control you helps us stay calm and make wise choices."
（2025·崇明模拟）在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给。
On 21 August, 14-year-old Katie McCabe, from Devon, England, completed a challenge to sail around Great Britain. McCabe arrived back in Exmouth, Devon, after a 52-day trip that s 22． on 30 June. She sailed on an eight-meter-long wooden boat called Falanda. While her father, David, sailed five miles behind her, Katie sailed her boat single-handedly for the w 23． trip, which means she sailed alone from the beginning to the end. McCabe has been interested in sailing from an early age, and grew up on her parents' fishing boat. She wanted to sail across the Atlantic, "but my parents wouldn't a 24． me," McCabe told The Times, "so I thought, ‘Why not go around Britain '." Setting off in an anti-clockwise direction, McCabe covered a total distance of 1, 840 miles. Her j 25． went via the Caledonian Canal, which connects the east coast (海岸) of Scotland with the west coast. This means that she didn't go all the way round the north of the country. McCabe then sailed down the Irish Sea to Wales, before crossing the Bristol Channel back to England. Upon her return, McCabe wrote on Facebook, "I can officially say I have sailed single-handedly around Britain, a d 26． I have been having since forever!" She added that for the past seven and a half weeks, "I have been imagining sailing around Britain, just me, and Falanda (with dad a small spot in the distance behind!)." McCabe hopes to be officially recognized as the y 27． person to sail around Britain. That record now belongs to Timothy Long, who sailed around Britain last year at the age of 15. He was at Exmouth to welcome her back. "I'd like to think I'd be that nice if someone would break the record next year," McCabe said. McCabe took on the challenge to raise m 28． for Sea Shepherd, a charity that supports marine wildlife. At the time the magazine went to press, McCabe had raised more than $15, 000.
（2025·杨浦模拟）Have we lost the ability to focus on a single task Daniel Goleman thinks so. Here, the bestselling science writer shares e 29． that show how technology takes over our attention and weakens real-life connections.
On a ferry to a holiday island, a little girl was nervous and hugged her mother tightly. The mother, however, didn't seem to n 30． ; she was focused on her tablet the whole time. Something similar happened a few minutes later in a shared taxi van with nine students going on a weekend trip. As soon as they sat down, everyone began checking their phones or tablets. There was little conversation, just silence.
These moments show how devices like mobile phones and tablets take our attention away from the people around us. Among all age groups, teenagers are e 31． affected. In recent years, their monthly text messages have doubled, reaching an average of 3, 417. At the same time, the time they spend on face to face conversation has become l 32． . Young people may be good with devices, but they often have trouble understanding body language or behavior in person. This can lead to embarrassing or even r 33． actions, like checking a text during a conversation without realizing it might upset someone.
Adults also face challenges in focusing. In Mexico, a person who works in advertising says people used to watch longer videos, but now they quickly lose i 34． and check their phones. Some offices have stopped using laptops and phones during meetings to help people focus. A teacher who loves movies is reading a book about a famous director. But he finds it hard to read more than two pages without wanting to check his email. He w 35． deeply that he's losing his ability to concentrate.
Goleman suggests that by understanding these effects, we can take steps to balance technology use and rebuild meaningful connections.
（2025·青浦模拟）In recent years, there has been a shortage of people applying to work as waiters in the UK. Because of this, some b 36． are using robots in different jobs to replace humans. Some robots can already make pizzas, and others operate as waiters. Some of them look like bookshelves on wheels, with shelves for trays and plates. They can g 37． customers and show them to their table, while human employees take food orders and load the plates on and off the robots. Some people think robots are the future of dining, but others say it's not a good idea. What do you think, should robots work in restaurants
Yes—robots are efficient and fun
Robots are a great s 38． for those restaurants that are short of waiters. They are expensive to buy but they don't need to be paid, so they can work out cheaper than people. Also, machines don't need breaks or holidays, and they can work long hours, which humans find t 39． . Some people say that robots make fewer mistakes than humans, plus they can do the basic jobs that are boring for people, freeing up the human waiters to do more complicated jobs. Besides, robots are a fun addition because they can a 40． new customers to restaurants.
No—robots can't replace people
Who wants to talk to a machine Diners want human communication, and some people might even find a robot waiter upsetting. Also, considering how much they cost, robot waiters don't do much. They can't answer questions that they aren't p 41． to answer, so a human will often have to step in anyway. Plus, most of the robot waiters used at the moment require staff to load and unload their trays. Even if they were amazing, we shouldn't use them instead of humans, because it's unfair to take people's jobs away. Also, robot waiters may not react f 42． enough if an object or a person appears unexpectedly in their path, and what if they run out of power or drop things
（2025·虹口模拟）Fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给)
Do memes improve our language
What we need to know … ●A meme is a humorous picture, video, piece of text, or GIF that is spread across the Internet, especially on social media. ●A recent report showed that people from different age groups understand the meaning of the smiling dog meme in different ways.
Yes-they bring language to life When you write a message to others, it can be hard to show your feeling because they can't see you or hear the tone (语气) of your voice. Memes can be a s 43． to the problem. They help in the same way that people use body language. The pictures are easily understood by a 44． , making them a common language. Memes are very efficient (高效的). One picture can express an idea or emotion that might take someone else a f 45． sentence to explain. They also make language more exciting. A meme can e 46． our language by adding fun to the expressions and giving the words extra effect. No-words are all we need There are more than 170,000 words in use in the English language. If people can't find the proper words to express their emotions when writing, they should look at a dictionary and pick carefully. Through the right c 47． of words, we already have everything we need to communicate effectively. People can use the same memes to mean different things. This may c 48． the readers if they understand the memes in a different way. Although sometimes one meme might work on its own, lots of them used together don't express the meaning as c 49． as a well written sentence. The meaning can be difficult to figure out.
（2025·嘉定模拟）Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给）
Over time, most cities get larger.
What happens What is the r 50．
Families who live in a city have children who grow up and need their o 51． places to live. People move to the city from other places. The city needs more houses and apartment buildings for people to live in.
People build new houses and apartment buildings on green land around the city. The city gets larger and takes up more land. This is c 52． urban sprawl (城市扩张).
Farmland around the city is sold so people can build on it. There is less farmland in the area for growing food.
When there are fewer farms in an area, more food needs to come from places farther away. Transporting more food on trucks, trains, and planes puts more pollution into the air.
Trees and plants that grew on the green land are destroyed when new buildings go up. Animals that need trees and plants for food or s 53． must try to find a new place to live.
Some animals will not find a new place to live and will die. Animals can become endangered or extinct.
How to deal with urban sprawl Here are some things cities are doing to s 54． or slow down the problem.
Building houses with smaller backyards: This means more houses can fit on a large piece of land. Then less green land is destroyed for new homes.
Building taller buildings in a city: Taller buildings provide more s 55． for people to live and work inside the city. Many homes can fit on a small patch of land. Then there is less need to put up new buildings or green land.
Creating greenbelts. A greenbelt is a green area around a city where people are not allowed to build. O 56． farms, parks and wild countryside are allowed in a greenbelt, so urban sprawl will not take over the land.
（2025·普陀模拟）在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给。
They are summer-time singers. They're found everywhere except in the North and South Poles. And even though they're common, they're also quite fascinating. Who are they Grasshoppers!
A 57． Body
Grasshoppers have an exoskeleton which means the skeleton is on the outside of their body. They have two sets of wings. The front pair is hard and strong, like a shell. The back pair is soft and flexible, which allows the grasshopper to change directions quickly and smoothly during f 58． . The grasshopper also has three pairs of very strong legs. They use these to walk and to jump 20 times their own body length. Imagine if you could do that!
Have you ever tried to catch a grasshopper You won't even have a chance. It's because they have five eyes in total, which help them see in almost every direction. This means they can r 59． miss noticing any danger coming.
Music Makers
If you hear a pleasant chirp (唧唧声) on a summer night, it could be a male grasshopper trying to attract a female one, or ask other males to stay away. It p 60． the sound by rubbing the back leg against its forewing, just like playing the violin. Next time you hear the chirping sound in summer, remember it's a grasshopper's l 61． song or a warning call.
Friend or enemy
Some grasshoppers like the taste of wheat, corn and cotton—all things we use and farmers hate to l 62． . In fact, a large group of grasshoppers called locusts can quickly and easily eat up a farmer's crops in just a few minutes.
However, not all grasshoppers are monsters. A type of grasshoppers called Turnbull helps c 63． the growth of weeds (野草) by eating them. The Two-Striped grasshoppers eat plants that are harmful to cows.
（2024·浦东模拟）在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给。
Have you heard about periodic table (元素周期表) lately Well, there's some big news about this special table. But first, remember that periodic table is u 64． to organize all the elements, or things that make up our world.
Elements are all around us. Iron is one of the commonest elements found within the earth. You probably know the element oxygen. It is the element that we b 65． in all the time. And elements can combine to make new things like H2O, namely hydrogen put together with oxygen, also known as water. Learning about this helps us b 66． understand the world we live in.
But have you ever noticed something missing in the periodic table There were already 114 elements, but the seventh row of the table was not f 67． until now. In December, scientists from IUPAC found the four elements that were missing. There are elements 113, 115, 117 and 118. "To scientists, this is of greater v 68． than an Olympic gold medal," Ryoji Noyori, a noble honored chemist, told Guardian.
The new elements are heavy metals and were made in l 69． . This kind of elements can't find in nature. Scientists are still looking for ways to use these elements and other elements in the eighth row in our daily lives.
Scientists have been working on this for ten years, but the work is not done. Now they will p 70． to look for "element 119 and beyond". But for now, be careful when you read your chemistry books because the periodic table might be outdated.
（2024·上海市模拟）At the beginning of this term, an elementary school in Jiangxi province announced a decision it would no longer prepare meals in its own canteen. I 71． , it would serve its students pre-made food. The move quickly caused a debate across the country. Many parents said that they were worried about food s 72． . Some of them even deliver homemade meals. school at lunchtime every day.
Later in September, the ministry of education made a statement. It w 73． against introducing pre-made meals to schools. For the moment, that's mainly because there are not yet any national standards for such food.
The market for pre-made meals has been developing quickly over the past few years. In 2022 there were more than 60,000 related companies in China and the number is still g 74． . By 2026 the market will have reached more than one trillion yuan.
What has made pre-made meals so popular They have obvious a 75． . They are quick and convenient to prepare. They also have a long shelf life. However, parents' worries are not w 76． reason. Pre-made food may be acceptable every now and then, but few people eat it every day. Naturally, they don't want their children to do so either.
In fact, pre-made meals are all prepared by central kitchens. They're not n 77． unhealthy compared with freshly cooked food. The problem is how to make sure that these companies follow all the hygiene rules when they cook and store food. For now, the pre-made food industry still has a long way to go.
（2024·松江模拟） Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词, 使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词, 首字母已给) (14分)
A pack rat① named Poncho had a big storeroom for all his things. Every day, Poncho went outside. He came back with leaves for lunch, seeds for supper and other things to f 78． his storeroom.
One day, as Poncho was walking, he saw a shiny golden spoon. He picked up the spoon and took it home.
"Oh no," said Poncho, looking around his storeroom. "There's no s 79． for my spoon. I'll have to move things around to find a place for it." But he failed.
"I'll sort my things into two piles," Poncho said to himself. "I'll make a pile of things I want to s 80． and a pile of things to throw away." When Poncho finished sorting, he didn't have two piles. He had one pile. He wanted everything. He was sad because his plan had not worked.
Then an idea came to Poncho's mind. "I know how I'll make room for my spoon! My birthday is coming soon. I can have an amazing party."
Poncho made an i 81． .
Come to my special birthday. I'll have a giving-away party. Don't bring me a present. I'll give each of you one instead. After the party, you can take anything e 82． the shiny golden spoon outside my door.
Poncho's friends all came to his party on the birthday. They ate birthday berries and sang the birthday song. Then Poncho said, "It's time for my dear friends to pick presents."
The party turned w 83． . The guests shouted happily, chose what they like and showed appreciation to Poncho. And he waved goodbye to all his friends.
"Now I will bring in my shiny spoon," Poncho said happily. He went out and took the spoon inside. He stood in the center of the storeroom and looked around, "Tomorrow I will go out and get a few m 84． things. After all, why have a storeroom if you don't store things in it "
① pack rat林鼠，生活在北美及尼加拉瓜和危地马拉等地，它们在觅食的同时也捡拾筑窝的材料。林鼠有个奇特的习性，就是收集并在窝申藏各种怪诞的物品，特别喜欢闪光发亮的小物件。
（2024·青浦模拟） Fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给出。)
Dear past humans,
I am writing to you from the future a time beyond your imagination. I want to share with you what our world has become and how it differs from the one you live in.
Firstly, let me tell you that we have made incredible (难以置信的) progress in many a 85． . Medicine has advanced to the point where we have found ways to deal with almost every disease that once caused pains or troubles. We have learned to use clean, renewable energy sources and have r 86． our impact (影响) on the environment greatly. We have also made big progress in AI (artificial intelligence) (人工智能) and space exploration, allowing us to unlock the mysteries of the universe.
However, despite all these things, our world still faces many c 87． . The gap between rich and poor has grown wider and many people still struggle to make ends meet. Climate change has caused many natural disasters and forced many people to leave their homes. And while our efforts on artificial intelligence are proved to be a big step f 88． , we must be careful to make sure that it does not cause harm to humanity.
But perhaps the most important thing I want to share with you is that we have realized the importance of being r 89． . We have come to understand that our actions and decisions have an impact on others and on the planet we call home. We are working together to build a more reasonable fair world where everyone has chances to get the resources they need. I hope that you can take these l 90． to heart and fight for yourselves and the future. The choices you make today will have an impact on generations to come. Let us work together to build a b 91． tomorrow.
Yours sincerely,
A future human
（2024·宝山模拟） Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词, 使内容通顺, 每空格限填一词, 首字母已给)
In 2013, Diana Nyad became the first person to swim from Cuba (古巴)to Florida (美国弗罗里达州)without the help of a shark cage, at age 64.
Diana was born in New York City but moved to Florida after her graduation from college. She began swimming at the age of 10 and showed t 92． and love for the sport from an early stage. Under the coach of Jack Nelson, the former (昔日的)Olympic swimmer, she won a lot of long-distance swimming competitions during the 1960s and 1970s. Diana became well-known for setting a new r 93． for swimming around the island of Manhatan(曼哈顿岛)in1975 in a time of 7 hours and 57 minutes.
At the age of 28, Diana tried to swim from Cuba to Florida for the first time, but was unsuccessful after high winds forced her to give up the journey. After experiencing v 94． injuries and health problems, Diana felt the need for new challenges beyond the pool. At the age of 30, she became a journalist in broadcast. Diana loved her new job, but from the bottom of her heart, there still was an u 95． goal.
After 30 years of no swimming, Diana began training at age 60 with the goal of finishing what she started. In 2011, she failed the Cuba-to-Florida swim t 96． , first making it 29 hours and then 41 hours. The swim was too difficult and full of danger. During the long and tiring journey, Diana had met with terrible storm and deadly sea animals such as sharks and box jellyfish (箱形水 母). But every time Diana failed, she was ready to fight back. In August 2012, after she had spent 60 hours in the water, a lightning storm and other problems stopped her for the fourth time.
In 2013, 35 years after her first try, the 64-year-old Diana planned to swim from Cuba to Florida for a fifth time. After 52 hours 54 minutes and 18 seconds, Diana completed the historic swim with the help of a crew of doctors, scientists and navigators on September 2. She finally became the first person to a 97． the close-to-impossible goal.
In her book Find a Way, Diana sent us three messages:
⒈We should never ever give up;
⒉It's never too old to chase your dreams;
⒊The swim looks like an individual sport but a 98． it needs a team effort.
（2024九上·松江模拟） Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words(在短文的空格内填入适当的词, 使其内容通顺。每空格限填一词, 首字母已给)
Plants "Talk"
Scientists have known for years that plants respond to sounds around them. But now scientists in Israel have shown that plants also seem to be doing some "talking".
Professor Hadany and her team at Aviv University set up microphones to r 99． tomato plants under different situations. The result showed that the plants made ultrasonic sounds(超声波). When the researchers changed the sounds into ones that humans could hear, they heard sharp clicking noises (咔哒声).
As the scientists studied the sounds, they notice the regularity. Plants h 100． clicked when they had enough water. But as their soil(土壤)got drier, they began to click.
When scientists cut off a stem from the plants, the plants also clicked more. But the clicking wasn't the same as when the plants needed water. The result suggests that researchers may one day be able to use a plant's sounds to find out when it is having trouble, and what trouble it is having. That could be very helpful to f 101． .
The other research has shown that plants also make sounds to communicate in some ways. When insects a 102． a plant, it will give a warning to its neighbours. Soon, nearby plants start to make chemicals that don't taste good to insects. It's an effective way for plants to p 103． themselves.
Then here is a question: Is anything listening to the plants Dr. Hadany points out that mice who live on plants can hear the sounds. The clicks may tell them whether a plant has problems. If the plant isn't h 104． , they will avoid it.
As Dr. Hadany says, "Even in a quiet field, there are actually sounds that we don't hear, and those sounds carry i 105． . The team's research has already changed our ideas about plants. "
答案解析部分
1．(b)adly；2．(f)orget；3．(B)esides；4．(s)erious；5．(i)mpression；6．(p)oints；7．(a)sked
8．(c)atch；9．(f)rozen；10．(h)imself；11．(m)oving；12．(d)ark；13．(e)ven；14．(c)hance
15．(s)ignals；16．(e)xplains；17．(m)atter；18．(b)etter；19．(c)ore；20．(r)esponses；21．(f)orever
22．(s)tarted；23．(w)hole；24．(a)llow；25．(j)ourney；26．(d)ream；27．(y)oungest；28．(m)oney
29．(e)xamples；30．(n)otice；31．(e)specially；32．(l)ess；33．(r)ude；34．(i)nterest；35．(w)orries
36．(b)usinesses；37．(g)reet；38．(s)olution；39．(t)iring；40．(a)ttract；41．(p)rogrammed；42．(f)ast
43．(s)olution；44．(a)nyone；45．(f)ull；46．(e)nrich；47．(c)ombination；48．(c)onfuse；49．(c)learly
50．(r)eason；51．(o)wn；52．(c)alled；53．(s)helter；54．(s)olve；55．(s)pace；56．(O)nly
57．(A)bout；58．(f)light；59．(r)arely；60．(p)roduces；61．(l)ove；62．(l)ose；63．(c)ontrol
64．(u)sed；65．(b)reathe；66．(b)etter；67．(f)inished；68．(v)alue；69．(l)aboratories；70．(p)repare
71．(I)nstead；72．(s)afety；73．(w)arned；74．(g)rowing；75．(a)dvantages；76．(w)ithout；77．(n)ecessarily
78．(f)ill；79．(s)pace；80．(s)ave；81．(i)nvitation；82．(e)xcept；83．(w)ild；84．(m)ore
文章大意：本文主要讲的是一只名叫Poncho的林鼠邀请了所有的朋友来参加"赠送派对"，以便让自己的储藏室有足够的空间来存放物品。
考查英语单词的拼写，以及单词在具体语境中的应用。学生需要根据给出的首字母提示正确拼写出对应的单词，并且理解这个单词在句子中的意义，以便准确填写空白处。
78．他带着午餐用的树叶、晚餐用的种子和其他东西来填满他的储藏室。此空需要一个动词，与his storeroom搭配，表示用带来的东西将其填满，结合首字母提示，应用fill，填满。故答案为fill。
79．"哦，不，"Poncho环顾他的储藏室说，"没有放我的勺子的空间了。"此空需要一个名词，与"for my spoon"搭配，表示储藏室里没有放勺子的空间。结合首字母提示，应用space，空间。故答案为space。
80．"我要把我的东西分成两堆，"Poncho自言自语道，"一堆是我要保存的，一堆是要扔掉的。"根据want to do sth，此空需要一个动词，表示想要做的事情，结合首字母提示，应用save，保存。故答案为save。
81．Poncho发了一张邀请函。根据空格前为冠词an，这里需要一个名词单数，结合首字母提示，应用invitation，邀请。故答案为invitation。
82．聚会结束后，你们可以把除了闪亮的金色勺子之外的所有东西带出我的门外。此空需要一个介词，与the shiny golden spoon搭配，表示除了勺子之外的所有东西。结合首字母提示，应用except，除了...之外。故答案为except。
83．聚会变得热闹起来。此空需要一个形容词，描述聚会的氛围。结合首字母提示，应用wild，热闹的，表示聚会变得非常活跃和欢快。故答案为wild。
84．"明天我要出去再找一些更多的东西。毕竟，如果你不在储藏室里放东西，那要储藏室干什么呢？"此空需要一个形容词，修饰things，表示Poncho打算去找更多的东西。结合首字母提示，应用more，更多的。故答案为more。
85．(a)reas/aspects；86．(r)educed；87．(c)hallenges；88．(f)orward；89．(r)esponsible；90．(l)essons；91．(b)right/(b)righter/(b)etter
文章大意：这篇文章是以一个未来人类的身份写给过去人类的信。信中，未来人类描述了与过去截然不同的世界，强调了科技、医学、环境保护等方面的巨大进步，但同时也指出了当前世界仍然面临的挑战，如贫富差距扩大、气候变化引发的自然灾害以及人工智能可能带来的潜在风险。
考查英语单词的拼写，以及单词在具体语境中的应用。学生需要根据给出的首字母提示正确拼写出对应的单词，并且理解这个单词在句子中的意义，以便准确填写空白处。
85．首先，让我告诉你，我们在许多领域取得了令人难以置信的进步。这里需要填入一个名词，表示"领域"或"方面"，与后面的Medicine相呼应，表明在多个领域都取得了进步。根据首字母a，可以填入area或aspect，空格前为many，许多的，需要填入名词复数形式。故答案为(a)reas/aspects。
86．我们已经学会了使用清洁、可再生的能源，并大大减少了我们对环境的影响。这里需要填入一个动词的过去分词形式，与前面的have构成现在完成时态，表示"已经……"。根据We have learned to use clean, renewable energy sources，应该是减少了对环境的影响，所以应填入reduce的过去分词形式reduced。故答案为(r)educed。
87．然而，尽管有这些成就，我们的世界仍然面临许多挑战。空格处需要一个名词，结合首字母提示c，应用challenge。空格前为many，许多的，需要填入名词复数形式。故答案为(c)hallenges。
88．尽管我们在人工智能方面的努力被证明是向前迈出的一大步，但我们必须小心确保它不会对人类造成伤害。这里需要填入一个副词，表示"向前地"或"向前地迈出"。根据首字母f，可以确定应填入forward。故答案为(f)orward。
89．但也许我最想与你分享的是，我们已经意识到负责任的重要性。这里需要填入一个形容词，作为being的表语，根据首字母r，可以确定应填入responsible，负责任的。故答案为(r)esponsible。
90．我希望你们能牢记这些教训，为自己和未来而战。空格处需要一个名词作为take的宾语，结合首字母提示l，应用lesson。these后要跟可数名词的复数形式。故答案为(l)essons。
91．让我们携手共创一个更美好的明天。这里需要填入一个形容词原级或形容词的比较级形式，作为tomorrow的定语，表示"美好的/更美好的的明天"。根据首字母b，可以填入bright的原级、比较级brighter或better。故答案为(b)right/(b)righter/(b)etter。
92．talent；93．record；94．various；95．unusual；96．trip；97．achieve；98．actually
文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了Diana从小就表现出了对游泳这项运动的天赋和热爱。并在她64岁的时候实现了不同寻常的目标。
考查单词填空。仔细阅读有空格线的句子，根据句意及句中关键词判断词义及词性。
92．她从10岁开始学习游泳，从小就表现出了对这项运动的天赋和热爱。根据原文Diana became well-known for setting a new r 2 for swimming around the island of Manhatan(曼哈顿岛) in1975 in a time of 7 hours and 57 minutes.1975年，Diana以7小时57分钟的成绩绕曼哈顿岛游泳，创下了新纪录。可知她从小就表现出了对这项运动的天赋和热爱。根据原句中 showed t 1 and love ，可知此处是名词。故答案为talent。
93．Diana以7小时57分钟的成绩绕曼哈顿岛游泳，创下了新纪录。根据原句中a new，可知此处是单数名词。根据原句Diana became well-known for setting a new，可知此处是创下了新纪录。故答案为record。
94．在经历了各种伤害和健康问题后。根据原句中injuries and health problems，可知此处是形容词。且injuries and health problems都是复数形式， 可推知是各种各样的的伤害合计健康问题。故答案为various。
95．Diana热爱她的新工作，但从内心深处，仍然有一个 不同寻常 的目标。根据原文After 30 years of no swimming, Diana began training at age 60 with the goal of finishing what she started.30年没有游泳后，Diana在 60 岁时开始训练，目标是完成她开始的目标。可推知此处是不同寻常的目标。故答案为unusual。
96．2011年，她从古巴到佛罗里达的游泳之旅失败了，先是游了29小时，后来又游了41小时。根据原文During the long and tiring journey,可知此处是游泳之旅失败了。故答案为trip。
97．她终于成为第一个实现这个近乎不可能的目标的人。根据原文Diana completed the historic swim with the help of a crew of doctors, scientists and navigators on September 2.9月2日，Diana在医生、科学家和航海家的帮助下完成了历史性的游泳。此处可推知她实现这个近乎不可能的目标。故答案为achieve。
98．游泳看似一项个人运动，但实际上需要团队的努力。根据原句中but，前后是转折关系。根据原句looks like看起来像，但实际上是……故答案为actually。
99．record；100．hardly；101．farmers；102．attack；103．protect；104．healthy；105．information
本文主要介绍了植物能够发出声音，并且这些声音能够告诉人们植物遇到了什么问题。
考查单词拼写，注意识记副词，名词复数，形容词做表语，不可数名词等多种用法。
99．特拉维夫大学的Hadany教授和她的团队设置了麦克风来记录不同情况下的番茄植株。根据"tomato plants under different situations"可知是记录不同情况下的番茄植株，record"记录"，动词不定式符号to后加动词原形。故填record。
100．当植物有足够的水时，它们几乎不会发出咔哒声。根据"But as their soil (土壤) got drier, they began to click."可知当土壤干燥时，它们开始发出咔哒声，但是当有足够的水时，几乎不会发出咔哒声，hardly"几乎不"。故填hardly。
101．这对农民很有帮助。根据"researchers may one day be able to use a plant's sounds to find out when it is having trouble, and what trouble it is having. That could be very helpful to"可知对植物的研究结果对农民有帮助，farmer"农民"，此处用名词复数。故填farmers。
102．当昆虫攻击植物时，它会向邻居发出警告。根据"it will give a warning to its neighbours"可知是受到攻击时，会发出警告，attack"攻击"，when引导的从句用一般现在时，主语是名词复数，谓语动词用原形。故填attack。
103．这是植物保护自己的有效方法。根据"It's an effective way for plants to...themselves"可知附近的植物开始散发对昆虫来说味道不好的化学物质，这是植物在保护自己，protect"保护"，动词不定式符号to后加动词原形。故填protect。
104．如果这种植物不健康，它们就会避开它。根据"they will avoid it."可知当植物不健康时，老鼠就会避开它，healthy"健康的"。故填healthy。
105．即使在安静的田野里，实际上也有我们听不到的声音，这些声音传递着信息。根据"there are actually sounds that we don't hear, and those sounds carry"可知这些声音传递着信息，information"信息"，不可数名词。故填information。
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