阅读理解之说明文15篇
(福建中考真题+中考模拟)
福建中考真题练
（2024·福建·中考真题）Though oceans cover about 71 percent of the earth’s surface, there’s still a lot we don’t know about them. Only about 20 percent of the seafloor has been mapped, and the remaining 80 percent is still a secret to us. Some scientists even think that 91 percent of sea animals have yet to be discovered.
So why do we know so little about the deep sea Well, getting to those depths is very difficult and requires high technology that simply didn’t come into being for most of human history. The first navigable submarine (可驾驶的潜水艇), for example, was built in 1620, and it couldn’t go more than five meters below the surface. In fact, for a long time many scientists didn’t even think that there could be any life at depths greater than 550 meters and didn’t see much need to explore (探索) the deep sea. However, this changed in 1862 when life was discovered as far down as 945 meters below sea level with the help of a digging machine. Ten years later, around 4, 700 species (物种) unknown before from the ocean floor were discovered.
Since then, high technology has been developed to help explore the deep sea, including satellites. But why is deep-sea exploration still so difficult Well, at greater depths it is freezing (极冷的), everything is completely dark, and the pressure can be over 1, 000 times greater than that on the surface.
Though we have the difficulties, it’s important that we understand the seas. They help control the earth’s temperature and produce half of the oxygen (O2) in the air. They can also provide us with information about climate change. Our future depends on learning more about our oceans, and it is possible for us to really understand what is ongoing below the surface.
1．Why are some numbers listed in Paragraph 1
A．To introduce how important oceans are.
B．To discuss why sea animals have yet to be found out.
C．To explain that oceans cover a large area of the earth.
D．To show that we have only a little understanding of oceans.
2．What caused the change of exploration into the deep sea
A．High technology. B．Unknown species.
C．A pleasant environment. D．Valuable information.
3．What does the underlined word “They” in the last paragraph refer to
A．Sea animals. B．The seas. C．The satellites. D．Many scientists.
4．What can we learn from the text
A．It is difficult to build a navigable submarine. B．The seas have a strong influence on our future.
C．The seas have no lives at a depth of 550 meters. D．It is easier to go into the deep sea than we think.
5．What could be the best title of the text
A．Hidden Treasures in Deep Sea B．Unlocked Secrets of Deep Sea
C．Deep-Sea Exploration: Into the Freezing Depths D．Deep-Sea Exploration: The Past and the Future
【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．C
【导语】本文介绍了了解海洋的重要性。
1．推理判断题。根据“Though oceans cover about 71 percent of the earth’s surface, there’s still a lot we don’t know about them.…”可知列举的数字表明，尽管海洋覆盖地球的71%，但是我们仍然知之甚少。故选D。
2．推理判断题。根据“In fact, for a long time many scientists didn’t even think that there could be any life at depths greater than 550 meters and didn’t see much need to explore the deep sea.”和“Since then, high technology has been developed to help explore the deep sea, including satellites.”可知探索深海需要高科技的帮助。故选A。
3．词义推断题。根据“Though we have the difficulties, it’s important that we understand the seas.”可知虽然我们有困难，但了解海洋是很重要的。此处they指代上文的seas。故选B。
4．细节理解题。根据“Our future depends on learning more about our oceans, and it is possible for us to really understand what is ongoing below the surface.”可知我们的未来取决于更多地了解我们的海洋，说明海洋对我们的未来有很大影响。故选B。
5．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了探索海洋的重要性，根据“Since then, high technology has been developed to help explore the deep sea, including satellites. But why is deep-sea exploration still so difficult ”可知主要是介绍深海探究的现状，并不是过去与未来。故选C。
（2024·福建·中考真题）。
It was reported in May 2024 that the China Wildlife Conservation Association (CWCA,中国野生动物保护协会) will send giant pandas Yun Chuan and Xin Bao to the San Diego Zoo in the United States, which is a symbol of a new 10-year period of international conservation partnership. The CWCA has organized experienced caretakers and doctors to go with the pandas to the US. The zoo is getting ready to provide the pandas with a larger and more comfortable living environment. It has also formed a team with special skills related with panda care, daily nursing, and scientific research.
The cooperation (合作) between the CWCA and the San Diego Zoo dates back to 1996 when Bai Yun and Shi Shi became the first pair of pandas to live in the zoo. Giant pandas Hua Mei, born in 1999, and Mei Sheng, born in 2003, who used to live there, are the result of China-US giant panda research cooperation. Over the past twenty years, the two sides have cooperated and solved many technical problems, including important discoveries in key areas like panda raising.
Since the 1990s, China has cooperated on giant panda conservation with 20 countries. “International cooperation in fields such as disease prevention and control, treatment, and wild training and reintroduction to the wild, has achieved good results. Giant pandas will facilitate communication between peoples and let people around the world know China better,” said Li, the leader of the China Conservation and Research Center for the Giant Panda.
“Scientific and educational outreach (延伸服务) also serves as a key role in international giant panda exchanges, allowing more people to understand giant pandas, which provides very good support for our efforts in protecting wild giant pandas,” Li said.
1．China’s sending Yun Chuan and Xin Bao to the San Diego Zoo means ________.
A．a good living condition for pandas B．a new age of conservation cooperation
C．a great achievement in scientific research D．a long-term plan for training panda caretakers
2．How long have the CWCA and the San Diego Zoo cooperated
A．21 years. B．25 years. C．28 years. D．34 years.
3．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about
A．The history of the cooperation. B．The raising of the giant pandas.
C．The lives of the pandas in the US. D．The process of solving the problems.
4．What does the underlined word “facilitate” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Expect. B．Create. C．Improve. D．Receive.
5．What do we know from the last paragraph
A．Scientific research is well on its way. B．The outreach plays an important part.
C．The cooperation requires international support. D．Education about wildlife protection is a big success.
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C 5．B
【导语】本文介绍了中国对大熊猫外交的重视程度，并呼吁人们保护大熊猫。
1．细节理解题。根据“It was reported in May 2024 that the China Wildlife Conservation Association will send giant pandas Yun Chuan and Xin Bao to the San Diego Zoo in the United States, which is a symbol of a new 10-year period of international conservation partnership.”可知中国野生动物保护协会将把大熊猫云川和鑫宝送往美国圣地亚哥动物园，这标志着双方新的10年国际保护伙伴关系。故选B。
2．推理判断题。根据“The cooperation between the CWCA and the San Diego Zoo dates back to 1996 when Bai Yun and Shi Shi became the first pair of pandas to live in the zoo.”可知中国野生动物保护协会和圣地亚哥动物园的合作是从1996年开始，到现在已经28年了。故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据“The cooperation between the CWCA and the San Diego Zoo dates back to 1996 when Bai Yun and Shi Shi became the first pair of pandas to live in the zoo.”可知本段介绍了中国野生动物保护协会和圣地亚哥动物园的合作。故选A。
4．词义推断题。根据“Giant pandas will facilitate communication between peoples and let people around the world know China better”可知大熊猫会促进人们的沟通，让世界人们了解中国，facilitate有“促进”的意思，用improve意思相近。故选C。
5．推理判断题。根据“Scientific and educational outreach also serves as a key role in international giant panda exchanges, allowing more people to understand giant pandas, which provides very good support for our efforts in protecting wild giant pandas,”可知最后一段介绍了延伸服务的重要作用。故选B。
福建中考模拟真题练
（2025·福建厦门·模拟预测）As we know, eating vegetables is good for us. Why do some people like them but others don’t A new study has found that other people’s likes and dislikes could be a reason. According to the research, people who eat vegetables and show a clear dislike for them can influence others.
People may make facial expressions (面部表情) when eating. How does it affect a person watching them A team of scientists in the UK did a study. They asked more than 200 young women to watch videos of other adults eating broccoli. The people in the videos had different expressions while eating. They would smile, seem neutral (neither happy nor sad), or look disgusted.
The study found that when people in the videos look disgusted while eating broccoli, people watching them began to like broccoli less. However, the opposite (相反的) was not true. When someone had a smile while eating broccoli, people watching them did not like broccoli more.
By watching others, humans learn which behaviors will be good for them. Scientists believe that people might avoid food that looks terrible. In this way, people can protect themselves from eating something bad or dangerous.
The research focused only on adults, but the team believe that the results could also work for children. This means, if children see their parents not enjoying certain foods, including vegetables, they might not want to eat them either.
How does the behavior of adults influence children’s choices of food The team said they hope to understand more about it. This could help find ways to encourage children to eat more healthy foods.
1．What does the underlined word “disgusted” in paragraph 2 mean
A．excited B．amazed C．unhappy D．upset
2．What’s the result of the study
A．People may prefer the food others like.
B．Children dislike eating certain vegetables.
C．Young women are easily affected by others.
D．People may not choose the food others dislike.
3．What does the word “them” in paragraph 4 mean
A．humans B．behaviors C．scientists D．other people
4．The team may do further study on ________.
A．the safety of children’s food
B．the wish to understand children
C．the influences of parents’ behavior
D．the ways to produce healthy foods
5．What is the best title of the text
A．Videos affect choices of food
B．Studies on vegetables help a lot
C．Expressions prevent possible dangers
D．Opinions on vegetables influence others
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了吃蔬菜并表现出不喜欢蔬菜的人会对别人造成影响，由此可以帮助专家找到鼓励年轻人多吃对他们健康有益的食物的方法。
1．词句猜测题。根据“They would smile, seem neutral (neither happy nor sad), or look disgusted..”可知，他们会微笑，看起来很中立（既不高兴也不悲伤），或者看起来很厌恶，即看到西兰花会不高兴，故此处划线部分单词和unhappy意义相近。故选C。
2．推理判断题。根据“The study found that when people in the videos look disgusted while eating broccoli, people watching them began to like broccoli less”可知，研究发现，当视频中的人在吃西兰花时看起来很恶心时，观看视频的人开始不喜欢西兰花，即人们可能不会选择别人不喜欢的食物。故选D。
3．词句猜测题。根据“By watching others, humans learn which behaviors will be good for them”可知，“them”指代前文的“humans”，即通过观察他人行为，人类学习哪些行为对自己有益。故选A。
4．推理判断题。根据“The team said they hope to understand more about…how adults influence children’s food choices”可知，团队未来研究方向是成人行为对儿童食物选择的影响，选项C“父母行为的影响”符合题意。故选C。
5．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了吃蔬菜并表现出不喜欢蔬菜的人会对别人造成影响，由此可以帮助专家找到鼓励年轻人多吃对他们健康有益的食物的方法，以选项D“对蔬菜的看法影响他人”为标题最合适。故选D。
（2025·福建厦门·模拟预测）。
China has become the world’s largest producer and market of EVs (电车). According to a report, 9.58 million Chinese-made EVs were produced and 9.49 million were sold in 2023. Among the total sales, 1.2 million EVs were exported (出口).
The Chinese government has been encouraging EVs as part of its effort for green, high-quality development. As a result, China’s EV industry develops very quickly. At Auto (汽车) China 2004, BYD was the only company showing EVs there. At Auto China 2024, there were 278 different EV models on show, including BYD, SAIC, Geely, Li Auto, Nio, Xpeng and other brands.
China’s EV industry is now facing both challenges and chances. It’s reported that 71% of EV brands cut prices in 2023. EV makers without the ability of innovation (创新) will face growing risks. In order to be both green and smart, Chinese EV makers are trying hard to improve technologies like battery qualities and AI support. At the same time, the government is adding even more charging points (充电站). On the other hand, more Chinese people realize the environmental problems. It is encouraging more buyers to choose EVs.
EVs are the way of the future. Everyone will benefit from it. Because electricity is much cleaner than gas (汽油)，the transport in China will certainly go green. It is very likely that China will hold the lead.
1．How many Chinese-made EVs were sold in China in 2023
A．8.38 million. B．9.49 million. C．9.58 million. D．8.29 million.
2．What is the purpose of Paragraph 2
A．To introduce different EV brands in China. B．To give some information about Auto China.
C．To show the development of China’s EV industry. D．To advise people to buy Chinese-made EVs.
3．EV makers can most probably reduce growing risks by ________.
A．improving innovation ability B．winning the government’s support
C．adding more charging points D．dealing with environmental problems
4．What does the underlined words “transport” meaning last paragraph
A．环境 B．交通 C．食品 D．电池
5．What’s the writer’s attitude (态度) towards the future of China’s EV industry
A．Uncertain. B．Hopeful. C．Doubtful. D．Worried.
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国新能源汽车产业的发展概况。
1．细节理解题。根据原文“According to a report, 9.58 million Chinese-made EVs were produced and 9.49 million were sold in 2023”可知，2023年中国制造的电动汽车产量为958万辆，销量为949万辆。故选B。
2．推理判断题。通读第二段可知，本段主要讲述了中国新能源汽车工业的发展。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据原文“EV makers without the ability of innovation (创新) will face growing risks”可知，没有创新能力的电动汽车制造商将面临越来越大的风险。故选A。
4．词句猜测题。根据上文“EVs are the way of the future”可知，此处是在说中国的交通方式会越来越环保，故“transport”有“交通”之意。故选B。
5．观点态度题。根据原文“It is very likely that China will hold the lead”可知，作者认为中国将在新能源汽车领域保持领先地位，由此可知，其对中国新能源汽车产业前景非常乐观。hopeful意为“抱有希望的”，符合题意。故选B。
（2025·福建漳州·一模）。
The lion dance is an important art form in China. It is performed at many festivals, especially during Chinese New Year. It’s thought to bring good luck and it is a way to create a happy mood.
The dance is often performed by two artists dressed in a lion costume. The one in the front is the head and front limbs. The one behind is the back and hind legs. As the dance involves many difficult movements, the artists need to practice kung fu to perform it well.
The lion dance was the most popular during the Tang Dynasty, when it was one of the court dances. But its history dates back longer. Historical records show that it was being performed as early as the Han Dynasty.
The dance’s origin (起源) is not certain. One story relates it to war: an emperor dreamed of a strange animal after a battle. It was fierce (凶猛的) but didn’t look like a tiger. Therefore, he asked people to make this animal out of paper, cloth and bamboo. The “lion models” were used in the future battles to encourage soldiers. Another says that a tribute (贡品) lion to Emperor Zhang of Han was killed in the court by two servants because it was so fierce and difficult to control. To avoid being punished, the two servants dressed up as the lion and copied its behavior. They performed so well that the emperor never doubted that it was a fake (假的) lion.
Throughout history, two types of lion dances developed, the northern and the southern. The northern one looks more real and uses lively leg movements, while the southern one is dragon-like and has lively performances with drums and gongs. Whichever form it takes, it stands for power and wisdom in Chinese culture.
1．What does the underlined word “involves” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Joins. B．Chooses. C．Includes. D．Accepts.
2．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about
A．A tribute lion.
B．Two clever servants.
C．An emperor’s strange dream.
D．Two stories about the dance’s origin.
3．What do we know about the southern lion dance according to the text
A．The lion looks more real.
B．It has more difficult leg movements.
C．It makes use of some musical instruments.
D．It’s less lively than the northern lion dance.
4．Which of the following is TRUE
A．The lion dance was more popular in the past.
B．The lion dance is meaningful to Chinese people.
C．It’s easy for the artists to perform the lion dance well.
D．People like the northern lion dance better than the southern one.
5．What could be the best title of the text
A．The Chinese Culture
B．The Types of the Lion Dance
C．The History of the Lion Dance
D．A Tradition of Good Luck and Power
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．B 5．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国舞狮这一重要艺术形式的历史、起源、表演方式及其在中国文化中的意义。
1．词句猜测题。根据“As the dance involves many difficult movements, the artists need to practice kung fu to perform it well.”可知，舞狮包含许多困难的动作，因此“involves”在这里的意思是“包含”。故选C。
2．主旨大意题。根据第四段内容可知，该段主要讲述了关于舞狮起源的两个故事，一个是关于皇帝的梦，另一个是关于两个聪明的仆人。故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据“the southern one is dragon-like and has lively performances with drums and gongs.”可知，南方舞狮使用鼓和锣等乐器。故选C。
4．推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，舞狮在中国文化中象征着力量和智慧，对中国人来说具有重要的意义。故选B。
5．最佳标题题。根据全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了舞狮这一传统艺术形式，它象征着好运和力量。故选D。
（2025·福建漳州·一模）According to the NIH, about 8% of people have a “specific phobia (恐惧)”. That means it is normal to be afraid of things that can hurt you and when a fear is excessive (极端的), it becomes a phobia. Is it possible for you to face your fears and beat your phobia or just try to stay away from it A new study proves (证明) that facing your fears really works.
In the study, people with spider phobia went through a single two-hour “exposure therapy (暴露疗法)”, and they learned that the spider wasn’t as fearful as they thought. During the two-hour therapy, the participants (参与者) first used a paintbrush to touch the live spider, then they used a gloved hand, and finally they touched it with their bare hands.
In the process, the participants’ brain changes were seen and the effect lasted for six months, according to Katherina Hauner, the leader of the study.
The study also showed how the participants’ brains replied to fear and what happened when they got over their phobia. Right after the therapy, the participants’ brains, which were believed to control their fear reactions, were not so active.
Hauner says the study gives us a fact that exposure therapy works and a similar method can be used on people with fears of heights, flying, blood and more. So the new form of therapy may be the first step to completely getting rid of fears and phobias from our brains in the near future.
1．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to (指代)
A．The study. B．The spider. C．The therapy. D．The paintbrush.
2．How long will the therapy affect people with spider phobia
A．For two hours. B．For six months.
C．Since their childhood. D．Right after the therapy.
3．What can we learn from Paragraph 4
A．The parts of participants’ brains stayed the same.
B．The participants are no longer afraid of spiders.
C．The therapy had little influence on people with fears of spiders.
D．The parts of participants’ brains responsible for producing fear became less active.
4．Which of the following best shows the structure (结构) of the passage (P=Paragraph)
A． B． C． D．
5．What is the writer’s attitude (态度) to the study
A．Doubtful. B．Uncaring. C．Supportive. D．Surprised.
【答案】1．B 2．B 3．D 4．B 5．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一项研究报告，该报告是关于能否使用暴露治疗法治疗恐惧症。
1．词句猜测题。根据“During the two-hour therapy, the participants (参与者) first used a paintbrush to touch the live spider, then they used a gloved hand, and finally they touched it with their bare hands.”可知，参与者先用画笔触摸蜘蛛，再戴手套触摸，最后直接用手触摸，因此“it”指代的就是the spider。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据“The effect lasted for six months.”可知，暴露疗法对恐蜘蛛者的影响可持续六个月。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据“Right after the therapy, the participants’ brains, which were believed to control their fear reactions, were not so active.”可知，接受治疗后，负责恐惧反应的大脑部分活动降低。故选D。
4．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，文章从P1引出恐惧与恐惧症，P2、P3、P4为具体研究和过程，最后P5总结，因此结构是典型的总分总结构。故选B。
5．观点态度题。根据“So the new form of therapy may be the first step to completely getting rid of fears and phobias from our brains in the near future.”可知，作者强调这种疗法的积极意义，认为它或许打破对更多恐惧的束缚，可见作者对该研究持支持态度。故选C。
（2025·福建泉州·一模）Probably the biggest change to hit the working world in recent years has been generative AI (生成型人工智能). A report showed that 85% of workers could see at least 10% of their tasks affected by AI in some way. And how can students make sure their skills stay valuable in a world that feels like it’s being taken over by computers Here are the experts’ suggestions.
Work on your people skills. AI can summarize (总结) an article and program a computer, but it can’t win over a customer or stop a fight. So, try to get experience in jobs where you work with people — including difficult people! You could do this by working as a waiter or volunteering at a nursing home.
Learn lots of things, or become an expert. If you have just one skill, you could be in trouble if AI gets really good at it. So students should consider taking extra (额外的) courses besides their main study courses. If you do focus on (关注) one area, just ensure you know more about it than AI does!
Show you can do big, creative things AI can’t do. While AI can do long, boring tasks like comparing lots of information, it doesn’t push companies to develop new ideas or improve. And even if AI does the boring work, humans will still be needed to organize the projects in which AI is used.
Develop adaptability. We can’t know for certain what the world of work will look like in the future — so the best skill to develop may be adaptability. You can make yourself better at this by looking for new experiences, like studying abroad or even taking courses, which force you to change to get used to new situations!
The future of work with AI is challenging. But students can change and succeed. With AI’s help, you can learn more efficiently and solve problems more easily Face the difficulties and work hard, and you’ll make the journey into the AI-driven future be a step towards a better life.
1．What can AI do according to the text
① summarize an article ② program a computer
③ win over a customer ④ stop a fight
A．①② B．①③ C．②④ D．③④
2．Why should students consider taking extra courses
A．To develop people skills. B．To drop their main courses.
C．To focus on one area. D．To avoid being replaced by AI.
3．Which of the following shows “adaptability” in Paragraph 5
A．Tom invented a human-like robot. B．Sam organized a successful party.
C．Tina made few friends in the club. D．Mary fit in well at her new school.
4．How does the writer feel about the future work with AI
A．Doubtful. B．Satisfied. C．Hopeful. D．Worried.
5．What is the text mainly about
A．The importance of AI in students’ life. B．How students can protect their futures from AI.
C．The challenges AI brings to students. D．What changes students will face in the future.
【答案】1．A 2．D 3．D 4．C 5．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了生成型人工智能 (AI) 对工作世界的巨大影响，并给出了专家对学生如何确保自己技能在未来保持优势的建议。
1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“AI can summarize an article and program a computer, but it can’t win over a customer or stop a fight.”可知，AI能够完成的任务是总结文章和编写程序。故选A。
2．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“If you have just one skill, you could be in trouble if AI gets really good at it. So students should consider taking extra courses besides their main study courses.”可知，学生学习额外课程的目的是避免被AI取代。故选D。
3．词句猜测题。根据文章第五段“You can make yourself better at this by looking for new experiences, like studying abroad or even taking courses, which force you to change to get used to new situations!”可知，“adaptability”指的是适应新环境的能力。Mary在新学校适应得很好，体现了这种能力。故选D。
4．观点态度题。根据文章最后一段“The future of work with AI is challenging. But students can change and succeed. With AI’s help, you can learn more efficiently and solve problems more easily. Face the difficulties and work hard, and you’ll make the journey into the AI-driven future be a step towards a better life.”可知，作者对未来工作与AI结合的态度是充满希望的。故选C。
5．主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了生成型人工智能对工作世界的影响，并给出了专家对学生如何确保自己技能在未来保持价值的建议。文章的重点在于学生如何保护自己的未来免受AI的威胁。故选B。
（2025·福建泉州·一模）Have you ever noticed how differently people from different countries deal with rainy days
When the sky turns gray and drops its silver threads (线), people can see a sea of colorful dots dancing under the raindrops. Yep! Many umbrellas come out! In China, people love umbrellas not only because they keep them dry but also because they add a touch of color to such days. Kids love umbrellas even more, and they are happy to pick out their favorite designs, from cartoon characters to flowery styles, making rainy days exciting experience. This practicality has led to a huge umbrella market in the country, with various styles, colors, and sizes to choose from.
Now, let’s fly over to some Western countries. Here, you might find something interesting: People aren’t used to carrying umbrellas. Instead, they might put on their hats, jackets, or rush on rainy days. And many people believe that getting a little wet is also a different feeling. However, don’t be surprised if you see umbrellas in Western countries too. In the UK, the umbrella is a symbol of preparedness. With its changeable weather, from bright sunshine to sudden downpours, the British have learned to always have an umbrella at hand. It is considered polite to offer an umbrella to someone in need during rainy days.
Whether to take an umbrella or not is more about cultural habits and lifestyle choices. It’s all about how we choose to enjoy life. So, the next time it rains, why not try something new Reach for an umbrella and stroll (闲逛) through the street, or jump in puddles (水坑) and play in the rain. Either way, it’s sure to be a wonderful experience.
1．What does the underlined word “dots” in Paragraph 2 refer to (指)
A．Clouds. B．Raindrops. C．Umbrellas. D．Flowers.
2．Kids in China are happy on rainy days because they can _______.
A．watch the raindrops B．design colorful umbrellas
C．use their favorite umbrellas D．visit a huge market
3．How does the writer develop Paragraph 3
A．By giving examples. B．By telling a story. C．By listing numbers. D．By asking a question.
4．What can we learn from Paragraph 4
A．It’s better to stay inside on rainy days.
B．Having fun in the rain can be a way to enjoy life.
C．It’s nice to walk around the street without an umbrella.
D．Jumping in puddles is a terrible experience when it rains.
5．What would be the best title for the text
A．Rainy Day Habits Across Cultures B．Various Umbrellas on Rainy Days
C．Dancing in the Rain with Umbrellas D．The Meanings of Rain in Different Cultures
【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了不同国家的人在雨天的不同行为习惯，比如中国人喜欢使用雨伞，而西方国家的人有的不习惯带伞，英国的情况又有所不同，同时指出是否带伞是文化习惯和生活方式的选择，鼓励人们在雨天尝试新的体验来享受生活。
1．词义猜测题。根据第二段“people can see a sea of colorful dots dancing under the raindrops. Yep! Many umbrellas come out!”可知，人们能看到彩色的“dots”在雨滴下舞动，很多雨伞出现了；据此可以推断，划线单词“dots”指的是“umbrellas”。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Kids love umbrellas even more, and they are happy to pick out their favorite designs, from cartoon characters to flowery styles, making rainy days exciting experience.”可知，中国的孩子们在下雨天开心是因为他们可以挑选并使用自己喜欢的雨伞设计。故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据第三“People aren’t used to carrying umbrellas. Instead, they might put on their hats, jackets, or rush on rainy days.”可知，作者先指出在一些西方国家人们不习惯带伞，然后举例说明他们在雨天的做法：戴上帽子、穿上夹克，或者在雨天赶路；接着又举例说明在英国雨伞的特殊意义和相关行为，所以作者是通过举例子的方式来展开这一段的。故选A。
4．推理判断题。根据第四段“Whether to take an umbrella or not is more about cultural habits and lifestyle choices... So, the next time it rains, why not try something new Reach for an umbrella and stroll through the street, or jump in puddles and play in the rain. Either way, it’s sure to be a wonderful experience.”可知，是否带伞更多的是关于文化习惯和生活方式的选择，雨天是享受生活的机会，建议人们可以尝试在雨天打伞散步或跳进水坑；据此可以推断，在雨中寻找乐趣是一种享受生活的方式。故选B。
5．最佳标题题。文章主要对比了不同国家的人在雨天的不同习惯，包括中国和一些西方国家，重点在于阐述不同文化背景下人们的雨天习惯；选项A“跨文化的雨天习惯”适合作为文章的标题。故选A。
（24-25九年级下·福建福州·开学考试）
Updated: 2024-11-3012:00On November 29th, 2024, the theme and main logo of the 2025 Spring Festival Gala were introduced. The theme of the gala is “Si Si Ru Yi, Sheng Sheng Bu Xi”, which carries deep cultural and symbolic meanings. It hopes to send New Year wishes to Chinese people all over the world. The design of the main logo is creative. The logo is made up oftwo Oracle Bone Script (甲骨文) characters “Si”. They are put together in a symmetrical (对称) way, making it look like “Yi (乙)” and “Si (巳)”. The lunar year 2025 is the Year of Yisi. The logo also looks like the traditional Ruyi pattern which is a symbol of good luck and happiness. This is a clever link between the Year ofthe Snake (the Year of Yisi) and Ruyi pattern. The Chinese character “Si” has caught people's eyes. In traditional Chinese timekeeping, a day is divided into 12 parts, and each part is two hours long. The sixth part of the day is called “Si Shi”, which is from 9 a. m. to 11 a. m. It’s a time when the sun is going high in the sky, symbolizing the rise of Yang energy and the hiding of Yin energy. Everything seems to wake up and come to life, creating a beautiful scene. With the meaningful theme and logo, the 2025 Spring Festival Gala is expected to bring warmth and happiness to Chinese people around the world on New Year’s Eve. Now, one might wonder what customs and activities are to celebrate the Spring Festival ...
1．According to Paragraph 2, the theme of the gala hopes to _________
A．create a beautiful scene B．spread Oracle Bone Script
C．introduce Chinese timekeeping D．send New Year wishes
2．The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refers to _________
A．Si B．Yi C．the logo D．Ruyi pattern
3．Paragraph 3mainly talks about the _________ of the logo.
A．design B．use C．history D．influence
4．What do Chinese students usually do on school days during the time of “Si Shi”
A． B． C． D．
5．What will be probably mentioned next
A．How long the Spring Festival lasts. B．When the Spring Festival falls this year.
C．How people celebrate the Spring Festival. D．Why people celebrate the Spring Festival.
【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．C
【导语】本文讲述了2025年春节联欢晚会的主题和主标识的发布及其寓意。
1．细节理解题。根据“The theme of the gala is…It hopes to send New Year wishes to Chinese people all over the world.”可知主题希望送上新年祝愿。故选D。
2．词句猜测题。根据“The design of the main logo is creative. The logo is made up of two Oracle Bone Script (甲骨文) characters ‘Si’. They are put together in a symmetrical (对称) way, making it look like ‘Yi (乙)’ and ‘Si (巳)’”可知主标识的设计颇具创意，它们以对称的方式组合在一起，看起来像“乙”和“巳”。因此“it”指代的是上文提到的“主标识”，故选C。
3．主旨大意题。根据“The design of the main logo is creative.”可知第三段主要描述了标志的设计。故选A。
4．推理判断题。根据“The sixth part of the day is called ‘Si Shi’, which is from 9 a.m. to 11 a.m.”可知“巳时”的时间范围是早上9点到11点，通常学生这个时间段在上课。因此选择课堂场景。故选D。
5．推理判断题。根据“Now, one might wonder what customs and activities are to celebrate the Spring Festival.”可知人们可能会好奇，为了庆祝春节，有哪些习俗和活动呢，因此下一段会谈到人们如何庆祝春节。故选C。
（24-25九年级下·福建福州·开学考试）Whenever you walk past a cafe, you might take interest in the coffee because of its delicious smell. But when you try this dark drink you will regret it, because it tastes like Chinese medicine. Our senses are mismatched because of the “second sense of smell” according to The Telegraph.
“We have two senses of smell,” explained Barry smith, professor of the University of London. “One is when you breathe in things from the environment, and the other is when the air comes up the nose and is breathed out through the nose.”
When we drink coffee, for example, the act of swallowing (吞咽) sends the smell up the back of our nose from inside the mouth. This wakes up the second sense of smell in our brain. As a result, it gives us a different feeling.
In fact, the second sense of smell plays a big part in our eating experience. It may be common sense that we smell through our nose and taste using our tongue. But the truth is 80% of what we think of as taste actually reaches us through smell. Just hold your nose while eating and you will notice that your tongue can only catch a very small part of the flavor (味道).
However, ▲ . Durians (榴莲) and some cheeses are examples. “Think of a piece of cheese with an unpleasant smell,” Smith said. “It smells like the inside of a teenager’s training shoe. But once it’s in your mouth, and you are experiencing the smell through the nose in the other direction, it is delicious.”
So far, scientists have only found two flavors that smell the same no matter how they enter the nose—chocolate and lavender.
1．Why do some good-smelling things taste so bad
A．Because our two senses of smell work differently.
B．Because different people have different tastes.
C．Because not all flavors have influences on us.
D．Because our sense of taste often lies to us.
2．Which picture shows the “second sense of smell” according to the passage
A． B． C． D．
3．What’s the writer’s purpose in writing Paragraph 4
A．To show us the importance of the sense of taste.
B．To explain what the second sense of smell is.
C．To ask us to pay more attention to the use of the tongue.
D．To tell us most of taste actually reaches us through smell.
4．We can put ________ in the blank “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 5.
A．the second sense of smell sometimes doesn’t work at all
B．people think that most of food with strong smell tastes terrible as well
C．things that smell good often taste bad because of the second sense of smell
D．the mismatch between our two senses of smell sometimes has pleasant results
5．Which question is answered in the passage
A．When is the best time for people to drink coffee
B．What is the best way to drink freshly-made coffee
C．Why does something that smells good taste bad
D．How can we change the smell of delicious food
【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．D 5．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了第二嗅觉的作用。
1．细节理解题。根据“…the act of swallowing (吞咽) sends the smell up the back of our nose from inside the mouth. This wakes up the second sense of smell in our brain. As a result, it gives us a different feeling.”可知，因为我们两种嗅觉的作用是不同的，这使得好闻的东西尝起来很糟糕。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据“When we drink coffee, for example, the act of swallowing sends the smell up the back of our nose from inside the mouth. This wakes up the second sense of smell in our brain”可知，当我们喝咖啡时，吞咽的动作会把气味从嘴巴里送到鼻子后面。这唤醒了我们大脑中的第二种嗅觉，B图片符合，故选B。
3．推理判断题。根据“But the truth is 80% of what we think of as taste actually reaches us through smell.”可知，第四段的核心内容是告诉我们“其实我们大部分的‘味道感受’是通过嗅觉获得的”。因此写这一段的目的在于说明“绝大部分味道其实来自于嗅觉”，故选D。
4．推理判断题。根据后文Smith说的“It smells like the inside of a teenager’s training shoe. But once it’s in your mouth, and you are experiencing the smell through the nose in the other direction, it is delicious.”可知，闻的时候不好闻，但是放在嘴里很美味，这给了人们愉快的体验，所以D选项“我们两种嗅觉的不匹配有时会带来愉快的结果”放在此处最合适。故选D。
5．细节理解题。根据“Whenever you walk past a cafe, you might take interest in the coffee because of its delicious smell. But when you try this dark drink you will regret it, because it tastes like Chinese medicine.”可知，这句话告诉我们为什么有些东西闻起来好闻，尝起来很糟糕，因此文章中回答了“为什么好闻的东西尝起来不好”这个问题。故选C。
（24-25九年级下·福建福州·开学考试）As someone who’s been studying English for many years now, you might think you know the English language pretty well. But if you overheard a British person say, “A Billy left some bees and honey in my sherbet (冰冻果露) last night,” would you understand what they meant Probably not, but many native speakers may not know what this person was saying either.
The example above was a sentence that a London taxi driver might say to another member of his or her tribe. In plain English, the sentence would be, “A customer left some money in my cab last night.”
So, what exactly is meant by “tribe” A recent article on the BBC Culture website pointed out that nearly all of us are a part of a tribe. This is a group that defines (定义) who we are and even how we speak. And with each tribe comes its own “secret language”, as the BBC called it. If you work in a certain industry-education, for example, you may use slang words (俚语) and acronyms (首字母缩略词) that only other people who work in that industry would understand. Or if you live in a certain city, you might use a slang word to describe a landmark in the city, which only locals would understand.
These so-called secret languages each have their own fascinating history. In the US, for example, the underground “ballroom” (舞厅) tribe of 1970s and 80s New York City and its language were showed in the 2018 FX show Pose.
These secret words don’t always stay within their tribes, however. Words from many tribes, especially musical cultures such as rap and hip-hop, often enter people’s everyday vocabulary. For example, the phrase “to have beef” —meaning “to be in a conflict (冲突) ” —was made popular by US rappers. Today, it’s widely used by native English speakers all over the world.
As BBC reporter Susie Dent wrote, “We are all surrounded by amazing secret languages, full of history and stories and in-jokes. And one thing is certain: our tribal conversations will never run out.”
1．The example at the beginning of the text is mainly used ________.
A．to prove that English is hard to learn
B．to explain the meaning of tribes
C．to teach readers how to communicate with London taxi drivers
D．to show the languages of tribes are often difficult to understand
2．According to this passage, what does “tribe” refer to
A．All members of a family. B．Workers in a certain company.
C．A group or class of people. D．People living in the same city.
3．What can we know about “secret languages”
A．They mostly came from musical cultures.
B．Some words from them are popular in everyday conversation.
C．They first started in London in the 1980s.
D．They have failed to become popular among young people.
4．What is Dent’s attitude towards the future of secret languages
A．Confident. B．Worried. C．Uninterested. D．doubtful.
5．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage (①= Paragraph 1)
A．①②③/④⑤/⑥ B．①/②③④⑤/⑥ C．①②/③④⑤/⑥ D．①②/③④/⑤⑥
【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述各地的不同群体都有自己独特的语言。
1．推理判断题。根据文章开头所举例子“A Billy left some bees and honey in my sherbet (冰冻果露) last night,”以及后面的解释“A customer left some money in my cab last night.”可知，这个例子是为了说明不同群体（部落）有自己的“秘密语言”，外人很难理解，也就是为了表明部落的语言常常难以理解。故选D。
2．词义猜测题。根据文中“This is a group that defines (定义) who we are and even how we speak. And with each tribe comes its own ‘secret language’”可知，“tribe”指的是一群人或一个群体。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据文中“Words from many tribes, especially musical cultures such as rap and hip-hop, often enter people’s everyday vocabulary.”可知，一些来自“秘密语言”的词汇在日常对话中很流行。故选B。
4．推理判断题。根据文中“As BBC reporter Susie Dent wrote, ‘We are all surrounded by amazing secret languages, full of history and stories and in-jokes. And one thing is certain: our tribal conversations will never run out.’”可知，Dent认为部落语言充满魅力且不会枯竭，说明她对部落语言的未来很有信心。故选A。
5．篇章结构题。文章第一、二段通过举例引出“部落”和“部落语言”的话题；第三、四、五段分别介绍了“部落”的含义、“秘密语言”的历史以及“秘密语言”的传播情况；第六段通过记者的话表明作者对部落语言未来的看法。结构①②/③④⑤/⑥符合。故选C。
（24-25九年级下·福建福州·开学考试）You may feel that math is difficult and boring. Is it possible that you’ve been looking at math in the wrong way Li Xing, a math professor at Ning Xia University, thinks math can be beautiful and fun. I completely agree with what he said.
Numbers are beautiful
Many people today want to have beautiful looks. There is math hidden in beautiful human bodies. Measure (测量) the length from your head to your belly button and from your belly button to your feet. The ratio (比例) of these two numbers is always around 0.618. This is the golden ratio, which can be seen everywhere, like in nature, music and paintings.
In Chinese poems, we can also see the beauty of numbers. As Li Bai wrote, “My boat has left ten thousand mountains far away”, “A thousand miles in one day”, —all these numbers show how fast Li Bai traveled and how happy he felt.
Curves (曲线) are beautiful
“Sine curves” are beautiful. They go towards the two opposite directions on and on without ever ending. When you look at them, you may feel like standing by the sea and watching the waves slowly moving. “Tangent curve” (正切曲线) is like a waterfall, just as Li Bai wrote, “dashing (冲) down three thousand feet from on high”.
Formulas (公式) are beautiful
There are some amazing formulas. Take the Pythagorean theorem for instance: in a right-angled triangle, the square of the longest side equals the sum of the squares of the other two sides. Isn’t that fascinating As the Chinese-American mathematician Chern Shingshen once said, “it is truly enjoyable!”
1．If the ratio of a thing is around 0.618, ________.
A．it has a golden color B．it only happens in human bodies
C．it looks like a human body D．it might bring people a sense of beauty
2．Why does the writer mention Li Bai and his poems in the passage
A．To introduce the topic. B．To support his opinion.
C．To share the beauty of Li Bai’s poems. D．To offer advice on learning math.
3．What does a tangent curve look like
A．B．C． D．
4．What does the underlined word “equals” probably mean
A．show B．matches C．gives D．makes
5．What is the passage mainly about
A．Why math is beautiful and fun. B．Why math is difficult and boring.
C．How we can learn math in a right way. D．How math helps us live a better life.
【答案】1．D 2．B 3．B 4．B 5．A
【导语】本文详细介绍了数学中的美感和趣味性，包括数字的美感、曲线的美感和公式的美感，以及通过例子来说明这些美感，使读者能够在新的视角下看到数学的魅力。
1．推理判断题。根据“Many people today want to have beautiful looks. There is math hidden in beautiful human bodies…The ratio (比例) of these two numbers is always around 0.618. This is the golden ratio, which can be seen everywhere, like in nature, music and paintings.”可知，如果人体的分割比例是0.618，说明这具身体是富有美感的；而在自然、音乐和绘画中，处处可见黄金比例，由此推知，如果一个事物是黄金比例，那么这个事物可以带给我们美感。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据“In Chinese poems, we can also see the beauty of numbers. As Li Bai wrote...all these numbers show how fast Li Bai traveled and how happy he felt.”可知，作者提到李白的诗歌，是为了展示诗歌中的数字美，即支持自己的观点。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据“‘Tangent curve’ (正切曲线) is like a waterfall, just as Li Bai wrote, ‘dashing (冲) down three thousand feet from on high’.”可知，“正切曲线”如瀑布，正如李白所言，“飞流直下三千尺”，结合选项可知，B项符合。故选B。
4．词句猜测题。根据“in a right-angled triangle, the square of the longest side equals the sum of the squares of the other two sides”及常识可知，在直角三角形中，两直角边的平方和等于斜边的平方，所以划线部分的含义是“等于”，B项符合。故选B。
5．主旨大意题。根据“Li Xing, a math professor at Ning Xia University, thinks math can be beautiful and fun. I completely agree with what he said.”并通读全文可知，本文详细介绍了数学中的美感和趣味性，A项符合。故选A。
（24-25九年级下·福建福州·开学考试）On December 29, 2024, two samples of the CR450 high-speed train were shown in Beijing. This wonderful train can reach a test speed of 450 kilometers per hour and an operating speed of 400 km/h. When it starts to be used for business, it will be the quickest high-speed train in the world, much faster than the CR400 that runs at 350 km/h.
The China State Railway Group, which made this train, said that the CR450 has set new global standards in many important parts like speed, using less energy, making less noise, and braking performance. Even though it goes at a higher speed, its braking is as good as the 350 km/h trains. This is because of the great engineering that keeps the train safer at high speeds than other vehicles.
The CR450 also cares a lot about making passengers feel comfortable. By using good noise-cutting technology, the inside of the train is quieter than that of the 350 km/h trains. Also, What’s more, its running resistance (阻力) has been decreased by 22% and its weight has been reduced by 10%, which helps to save energy. The inside has been made again, with 4% more room, and there are better places to put luggage (行李) .
Since 2012, China’s railway has made many new things, like the Fuxing high-speed train, and has built a whole high-speed rail technology system. The CR450 shows China’s ability to make new things and its science power. It also shows the good points of China’s system, which helps the railway grow.
In the past 15 years, China has built a very big railway network, including the world’s largest and best high-speed rail network, which is very long. The CR450 is an important step in China’s railway growth.
1．What is the operating speed of the CR450 high-speed train
A．450 km/h B．400 km/h C．350 km/h D．300 km/h
2．We can know from the passage that the CR450________.
A．costs more than the CR400 B．is more popular than the CR400
C．is safer than the CR400 D．has more seats than the CR400
3．Which of the following is NOT mentioned about the CR450
A．Its braking performance. B．Its ticket price.
C．Its energy saving. D．Its noise reduction.
4．Why is the carriages (车厢) of the CR450 high-speed train quieter than that of the 350 km/h trains
A．Because it is lighter and travels at a higher speed.
B．Because it uses advanced noise-reducing technology.
C．Because an there are better places to put luggage.
D．Because it has less running resistance and save energy.
5．What is the main idea of the passage
A．The introduction of the CR450 high-speed train.
B．The history of China’s high-speed rail.
C．The comparison between the CR450 and other trains.
D．The future of China’s railway.
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．B 5．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了CR450高速列车的速度、性能、优势等，展现其对中国铁路发展的重要性。
1．细节理解题。根据“This wonderful train can reach a test speed of 450 kilometers per hour and an operating speed of 400 km/h.”可知，运行时速为400公里。故选B。
2．推理判断题。根据“Even though it goes at a higher speed, its braking is as good as the 350 km/h trains. This is because of the great engineering work that keeps the train steady and safe even when it’s fast.”可知，CR450比CR400更安全。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据“The China State Railway Group, which made this train, said that the CR450 has set new global standards in many important parts like speed, using less energy, making less noise, and braking performance.”可知，文章中提到CR450的制动性能、节能和降噪技术，但未提及票价。故选B。
4．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“By using good noise-cutting technology, the inside of the train is quieter than that of the 350 km/h trains.”可推知CR450车厢更安静的原因是使用了先进的降噪技术。故选B。
5．主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了CR450高速列车的性能、技术创新及其在中国铁路发展中的重要性。故选A。
（2025·福建泉州·一模）Historically, people explored the ocean to find new ways to travel around the world or to start new trade ways. Today, we pay more attention to the ocean itself in the ocean exploration.
In recent years, new technology has made it easier to dive (潜水) into the deep sea. Better submarines (潜艇), robots and cameras now allow scientists to explore areas people couldn’t reach before. China’s Mengxiang deep-ocean drilling vessel (大洋钻探船) can now be added to the list.
Human beings actually don’t know much about the ocean. Believe it or not, we know more about space than we do about the deep sea. Since 1969,a total of 12 people have walked on the moon, but only three have dived to the Mariana Trench’s deepest point. Even more shocking Although the ocean covers about 71% of Earth’s surface, 95% of it is unexplored.
Why does so much of the ocean remain unknown Part of the answer is that it’s difficult to explore. Sure, it’s hard to get a spaceship into space. But remember that in space, you can see things. The deep sea, however, is hopelessly dark. Getting a light down there that can shine far enough to sec anything is no easy task.
That being said, ocean exploration is worth the risk and cost. The ocean is connected to all of us and plays a role in everything from the air we breathe, the food we eat and the transportation of the goods we buy to weather and longer-term climate trends (趋势).
Most of our knowledge of the ocean comes from shallower waters (浅水区域), but deeper waters are becoming more important. Many fisheries are built in deep waters. The deep ocean also holds huge of oil, gas, metals and so on.
1．Why didn’t scientists reach the deep sea in the past
A．They didn’t think it’s worth the risk. B．They didn’t have high-level technology.
C．They had no need to explore the deep sea. D．They wanted the knowledge from shallower waters.
2．What can we learn from Paragraph 2
A．Mengxiang deep-ocean drilling vessel is popular with tourists.
B．Mengxiang deep-ocean drilling vessel is mainly used for trade.
C．China has made great progress in ocean exploration technology.
D．China is the first country to explore shallower and deeper waters.
3．Why does the writer mention space in the text
A．To prove the interest of ocean exploration. B．To show the necessity of space exploration.
C．To show the difficulty of ocean exploration. D．To prove the importance of space exploration.
4．The underlined word “task” refers to ________.
A．inventing a new light B．seeing the things in space
C．getting a spaceship into space D．sending a bright enough light down
5．What can we get from the text
A．Our understanding of the ocean is less than we thought before.
B．The ocean coverage is the largest and we have explored most of it.
C．More resources come from the shallow waters than from deeper ones.
D．Three times more people dived into the ocean than walked on the moon.
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．D 5．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了海洋探索的相关内容。
1．细节理解题。根据“In recent years, new technology has made it easier to dive (潜水) into the deep sea. Better submarines (潜艇), robots and cameras now allow scientists to explore areas people couldn’t reach before.”可知，近年来新技术使深海潜水更容易，以前科学家无法到达深海是因为没有高水平的技术，故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据“China’s Mengxiang deep-ocean drilling vessel(大洋钻探船) can now be added to the list.”并结合前文提到新技术助力海洋探索可知，中国的大洋钻探船是新技术的体现，说明中国在海洋探索技术方面取得了很大进步，故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据“Believe it or not, we know more about space than we do about the deep sea. Since 1969,a total of 12 people have walked on the moon, but only three have dived to the Mariana Trench’s deepest point.”可知，作者提到太空是为了对比，显示出相比太空，人类对深海了解更少，突出海洋探索的难度，故选C。
4．词义猜测题。根据“The deep sea, however, is hopelessly dark. Getting a light down there that can shine far enough to see anything is no easy task.”可知，“task”指的是在深海中让光线足够亮以便看到东西，也就是把足够亮的光送到深海，故选D。
5．细节理解题。根据“Human beings actually don’t know much about the ocean. Believe it or not, we know more about space than we do about the deep sea. Although the ocean covers about 71% of Earth’s surface, 95% of it is unexplored.”可知，我们对海洋的了解比我们之前认为的要少，故选A。
（2025·福建泉州·一模）。
Badminton is a popular sport that can be enjoyed by people of all ages and skill levels. But many badminton lovers complain they can’t afford to play badminton because of the surprising price rise of shuttlecocks. What has led to the price growth
Shuttlecock makers say the simple reason for this is the growing prices of the feathers of ducks and geese. Duck and goose numbers in China have gone down since 2020, increasing the price. According to Yangcheng Evening News, the numbers of ducks and geese kept were 4.218 billion and 515 million in 2023, separately. However, the numbers were 4.878 billion and 634 million in 2019.
Also, only feathers from certain kinds of ducks or geese are hard enough and can be used to make shuttlecocks. One shuttlecock needs 16 feathers, but one goose or duck can only provide up to 14 such feathers.
At the same time, making shuttles is not a simple task. The feathers need to be cleaned, whitened, and disinfected (给……杀菌). This is to keep them clean and make sure the shuttle stays hard. Next, a machine puts the feathers into the shuttlecock’s head. The shuttlecock is then glued, stitched (缝合) and tested. This already makes shuttlecocks expensive, so the price increase is even more difficult to bear.
Since feather shuttlecocks are expensive, can we use man-made ones instead Carbon fiber (碳纤维) shuttles are one choice. They are about 10yuan each, and they last longer and fly better. However, controlling them during hits is much harder compared to natural ones. So, many players are not ready to say goodbye to feather shuttlecocks just yet. Even spending more money on shuttlecocks can’t stop them from loving badminton.
1．How does the writer lead in the topic of the text
A．Telling a story. B．Listing numbers.
C．Asking a question. D．Giving examples.
2．Which picture shows the change of ducks and geese in number from 2019 to 2023
A． B．
C． D．
3．Which shows the correct order of making shuttlecocks
① put the feathers into the shuttlecock’s head ②disinfect
③ glue and stitch ④ test ⑤ clean and whiten
A．③①④⑤② B．⑤②①③④ C．⑤①④③② D．②①③⑤④
4．According to the text, what might many players do after the price increase
A．They might choose other sports instead.
B．They might give up badminton to save money.
C．They might say goodbye to natural shuttlecocks.
D．They might continue to use feather shuttlecocks.
5．What can be the best title for the text
A．Changes in Badminton Production B．The Most Popular Sport--Badminton
C．Carbon Fiber Shuttles Are Needed Now D．Facts Behind Rising Prices of Shuttlecocks
【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了羽毛球涨价的原因。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“What has led to the price growth ”可知作者通过问了一个问题来引出文章主题的。故选C。
2．推理判断题。根据第二段“Duck and goose numbers...634 million in 2019.”可知2020年以来，中国鸭鹅数量下降，价格上涨，据《羊城晚报》报道，2023年鸭和鹅的饲养量分别为42.18亿只和5.15亿只，但2019年的数量分别为48.78亿只和6.34亿只，由此推断，2019年-2023年鸭鹅数量持续下降，这一趋势对应图片C，故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据第四段“The feathers need to be cleaned...stitched (缝合) and tested.”可知羽毛球的羽毛需要清洗、美白和消毒。这是为了保持清洁，确保梭子保持坚硬。接下来，机器将羽毛放入毽子头部。然后将毽子粘合、缝合并进行测试。对照的顺序为⑤②①③④，故选B。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“So, many players are not ready to say goodbye to feather shuttlecocks just yet. Even spending more money on shuttlecocks can’t stop them from loving badminton.”可知许多球手还没有准备好告别羽毛球。即使花再多的钱买羽毛球，也阻挡不了他们对羽毛球的热爱。由此推断，运动员们可能会继续使用羽毛球，故选D。
5．最佳标题题。阅读全文，可知主要讲了羽毛球涨价的原因，选项D“羽毛球价格上涨背后的事实”与之相符，故选D。阅读理解之说明文15篇
(福建中考真题+中考模拟)
福建中考真题练
（2024·福建·中考真题）Though oceans cover about 71 percent of the earth’s surface, there’s still a lot we don’t know about them. Only about 20 percent of the seafloor has been mapped, and the remaining 80 percent is still a secret to us. Some scientists even think that 91 percent of sea animals have yet to be discovered.
So why do we know so little about the deep sea Well, getting to those depths is very difficult and requires high technology that simply didn’t come into being for most of human history. The first navigable submarine (可驾驶的潜水艇), for example, was built in 1620, and it couldn’t go more than five meters below the surface. In fact, for a long time many scientists didn’t even think that there could be any life at depths greater than 550 meters and didn’t see much need to explore (探索) the deep sea. However, this changed in 1862 when life was discovered as far down as 945 meters below sea level with the help of a digging machine. Ten years later, around 4, 700 species (物种) unknown before from the ocean floor were discovered.
Since then, high technology has been developed to help explore the deep sea, including satellites. But why is deep-sea exploration still so difficult Well, at greater depths it is freezing (极冷的), everything is completely dark, and the pressure can be over 1, 000 times greater than that on the surface.
Though we have the difficulties, it’s important that we understand the seas. They help control the earth’s temperature and produce half of the oxygen (O2) in the air. They can also provide us with information about climate change. Our future depends on learning more about our oceans, and it is possible for us to really understand what is ongoing below the surface.
1．Why are some numbers listed in Paragraph 1
A．To introduce how important oceans are.
B．To discuss why sea animals have yet to be found out.
C．To explain that oceans cover a large area of the earth.
D．To show that we have only a little understanding of oceans.
2．What caused the change of exploration into the deep sea
A．High technology. B．Unknown species.
C．A pleasant environment. D．Valuable information.
3．What does the underlined word “They” in the last paragraph refer to
A．Sea animals. B．The seas. C．The satellites. D．Many scientists.
4．What can we learn from the text
A．It is difficult to build a navigable submarine. B．The seas have a strong influence on our future.
C．The seas have no lives at a depth of 550 meters. D．It is easier to go into the deep sea than we think.
5．What could be the best title of the text
A．Hidden Treasures in Deep Sea B．Unlocked Secrets of Deep Sea
C．Deep-Sea Exploration: Into the Freezing Depths D．Deep-Sea Exploration: The Past and the Future
（2024·福建·中考真题）。
It was reported in May 2024 that the China Wildlife Conservation Association (CWCA,中国野生动物保护协会) will send giant pandas Yun Chuan and Xin Bao to the San Diego Zoo in the United States, which is a symbol of a new 10-year period of international conservation partnership. The CWCA has organized experienced caretakers and doctors to go with the pandas to the US. The zoo is getting ready to provide the pandas with a larger and more comfortable living environment. It has also formed a team with special skills related with panda care, daily nursing, and scientific research.
The cooperation (合作) between the CWCA and the San Diego Zoo dates back to 1996 when Bai Yun and Shi Shi became the first pair of pandas to live in the zoo. Giant pandas Hua Mei, born in 1999, and Mei Sheng, born in 2003, who used to live there, are the result of China-US giant panda research cooperation. Over the past twenty years, the two sides have cooperated and solved many technical problems, including important discoveries in key areas like panda raising.
Since the 1990s, China has cooperated on giant panda conservation with 20 countries. “International cooperation in fields such as disease prevention and control, treatment, and wild training and reintroduction to the wild, has achieved good results. Giant pandas will facilitate communication between peoples and let people around the world know China better,” said Li, the leader of the China Conservation and Research Center for the Giant Panda.
“Scientific and educational outreach (延伸服务) also serves as a key role in international giant panda exchanges, allowing more people to understand giant pandas, which provides very good support for our efforts in protecting wild giant pandas,” Li said.
1．China’s sending Yun Chuan and Xin Bao to the San Diego Zoo means ________.
A．a good living condition for pandas B．a new age of conservation cooperation
C．a great achievement in scientific research D．a long-term plan for training panda caretakers
2．How long have the CWCA and the San Diego Zoo cooperated
A．21 years. B．25 years. C．28 years. D．34 years.
3．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about
A．The history of the cooperation. B．The raising of the giant pandas.
C．The lives of the pandas in the US. D．The process of solving the problems.
4．What does the underlined word “facilitate” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Expect. B．Create. C．Improve. D．Receive.
5．What do we know from the last paragraph
A．Scientific research is well on its way. B．The outreach plays an important part.
C．The cooperation requires international support. D．Education about wildlife protection is a big success.
福建中考模拟真题练
（2025·福建厦门·模拟预测）As we know, eating vegetables is good for us. Why do some people like them but others don’t A new study has found that other people’s likes and dislikes could be a reason. According to the research, people who eat vegetables and show a clear dislike for them can influence others.
People may make facial expressions (面部表情) when eating. How does it affect a person watching them A team of scientists in the UK did a study. They asked more than 200 young women to watch videos of other adults eating broccoli. The people in the videos had different expressions while eating. They would smile, seem neutral (neither happy nor sad), or look disgusted.
The study found that when people in the videos look disgusted while eating broccoli, people watching them began to like broccoli less. However, the opposite (相反的) was not true. When someone had a smile while eating broccoli, people watching them did not like broccoli more.
By watching others, humans learn which behaviors will be good for them. Scientists believe that people might avoid food that looks terrible. In this way, people can protect themselves from eating something bad or dangerous.
The research focused only on adults, but the team believe that the results could also work for children. This means, if children see their parents not enjoying certain foods, including vegetables, they might not want to eat them either.
How does the behavior of adults influence children’s choices of food The team said they hope to understand more about it. This could help find ways to encourage children to eat more healthy foods.
1．What does the underlined word “disgusted” in paragraph 2 mean
A．excited B．amazed C．unhappy D．upset
2．What’s the result of the study
A．People may prefer the food others like.
B．Children dislike eating certain vegetables.
C．Young women are easily affected by others.
D．People may not choose the food others dislike.
3．What does the word “them” in paragraph 4 mean
A．humans B．behaviors C．scientists D．other people
4．The team may do further study on ________.
A．the safety of children’s food
B．the wish to understand children
C．the influences of parents’ behavior
D．the ways to produce healthy foods
5．What is the best title of the text
A．Videos affect choices of food
B．Studies on vegetables help a lot
C．Expressions prevent possible dangers
D．Opinions on vegetables influence others
（2025·福建厦门·模拟预测）。
China has become the world’s largest producer and market of EVs (电车). According to a report, 9.58 million Chinese-made EVs were produced and 9.49 million were sold in 2023. Among the total sales, 1.2 million EVs were exported (出口).
The Chinese government has been encouraging EVs as part of its effort for green, high-quality development. As a result, China’s EV industry develops very quickly. At Auto (汽车) China 2004, BYD was the only company showing EVs there. At Auto China 2024, there were 278 different EV models on show, including BYD, SAIC, Geely, Li Auto, Nio, Xpeng and other brands.
China’s EV industry is now facing both challenges and chances. It’s reported that 71% of EV brands cut prices in 2023. EV makers without the ability of innovation (创新) will face growing risks. In order to be both green and smart, Chinese EV makers are trying hard to improve technologies like battery qualities and AI support. At the same time, the government is adding even more charging points (充电站). On the other hand, more Chinese people realize the environmental problems. It is encouraging more buyers to choose EVs.
EVs are the way of the future. Everyone will benefit from it. Because electricity is much cleaner than gas (汽油)，the transport in China will certainly go green. It is very likely that China will hold the lead.
1．How many Chinese-made EVs were sold in China in 2023
A．8.38 million. B．9.49 million. C．9.58 million. D．8.29 million.
2．What is the purpose of Paragraph 2
A．To introduce different EV brands in China. B．To give some information about Auto China.
C．To show the development of China’s EV industry. D．To advise people to buy Chinese-made EVs.
3．EV makers can most probably reduce growing risks by ________.
A．improving innovation ability B．winning the government’s support
C．adding more charging points D．dealing with environmental problems
4．What does the underlined words “transport” meaning last paragraph
A．环境 B．交通 C．食品 D．电池
5．What’s the writer’s attitude (态度) towards the future of China’s EV industry
A．Uncertain. B．Hopeful. C．Doubtful. D．Worried.
（2025·福建漳州·一模）。
The lion dance is an important art form in China. It is performed at many festivals, especially during Chinese New Year. It’s thought to bring good luck and it is a way to create a happy mood.
The dance is often performed by two artists dressed in a lion costume. The one in the front is the head and front limbs. The one behind is the back and hind legs. As the dance involves many difficult movements, the artists need to practice kung fu to perform it well.
The lion dance was the most popular during the Tang Dynasty, when it was one of the court dances. But its history dates back longer. Historical records show that it was being performed as early as the Han Dynasty.
The dance’s origin (起源) is not certain. One story relates it to war: an emperor dreamed of a strange animal after a battle. It was fierce (凶猛的) but didn’t look like a tiger. Therefore, he asked people to make this animal out of paper, cloth and bamboo. The “lion models” were used in the future battles to encourage soldiers. Another says that a tribute (贡品) lion to Emperor Zhang of Han was killed in the court by two servants because it was so fierce and difficult to control. To avoid being punished, the two servants dressed up as the lion and copied its behavior. They performed so well that the emperor never doubted that it was a fake (假的) lion.
Throughout history, two types of lion dances developed, the northern and the southern. The northern one looks more real and uses lively leg movements, while the southern one is dragon-like and has lively performances with drums and gongs. Whichever form it takes, it stands for power and wisdom in Chinese culture.
1．What does the underlined word “involves” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Joins. B．Chooses. C．Includes. D．Accepts.
2．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about
A．A tribute lion.
B．Two clever servants.
C．An emperor’s strange dream.
D．Two stories about the dance’s origin.
3．What do we know about the southern lion dance according to the text
A．The lion looks more real.
B．It has more difficult leg movements.
C．It makes use of some musical instruments.
D．It’s less lively than the northern lion dance.
4．Which of the following is TRUE
A．The lion dance was more popular in the past.
B．The lion dance is meaningful to Chinese people.
C．It’s easy for the artists to perform the lion dance well.
D．People like the northern lion dance better than the southern one.
5．What could be the best title of the text
A．The Chinese Culture
B．The Types of the Lion Dance
C．The History of the Lion Dance
D．A Tradition of Good Luck and Power
（2025·福建漳州·一模）According to the NIH, about 8% of people have a “specific phobia (恐惧)”. That means it is normal to be afraid of things that can hurt you and when a fear is excessive (极端的), it becomes a phobia. Is it possible for you to face your fears and beat your phobia or just try to stay away from it A new study proves (证明) that facing your fears really works.
In the study, people with spider phobia went through a single two-hour “exposure therapy (暴露疗法)”, and they learned that the spider wasn’t as fearful as they thought. During the two-hour therapy, the participants (参与者) first used a paintbrush to touch the live spider, then they used a gloved hand, and finally they touched it with their bare hands.
In the process, the participants’ brain changes were seen and the effect lasted for six months, according to Katherina Hauner, the leader of the study.
The study also showed how the participants’ brains replied to fear and what happened when they got over their phobia. Right after the therapy, the participants’ brains, which were believed to control their fear reactions, were not so active.
Hauner says the study gives us a fact that exposure therapy works and a similar method can be used on people with fears of heights, flying, blood and more. So the new form of therapy may be the first step to completely getting rid of fears and phobias from our brains in the near future.
1．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to (指代)
A．The study. B．The spider. C．The therapy. D．The paintbrush.
2．How long will the therapy affect people with spider phobia
A．For two hours. B．For six months.
C．Since their childhood. D．Right after the therapy.
3．What can we learn from Paragraph 4
A．The parts of participants’ brains stayed the same.
B．The participants are no longer afraid of spiders.
C．The therapy had little influence on people with fears of spiders.
D．The parts of participants’ brains responsible for producing fear became less active.
4．Which of the following best shows the structure (结构) of the passage (P=Paragraph)
A． B． C． D．
5．What is the writer’s attitude (态度) to the study
A．Doubtful. B．Uncaring. C．Supportive. D．Surprised.
（2025·福建泉州·一模）Probably the biggest change to hit the working world in recent years has been generative AI (生成型人工智能). A report showed that 85% of workers could see at least 10% of their tasks affected by AI in some way. And how can students make sure their skills stay valuable in a world that feels like it’s being taken over by computers Here are the experts’ suggestions.
Work on your people skills. AI can summarize (总结) an article and program a computer, but it can’t win over a customer or stop a fight. So, try to get experience in jobs where you work with people — including difficult people! You could do this by working as a waiter or volunteering at a nursing home.
Learn lots of things, or become an expert. If you have just one skill, you could be in trouble if AI gets really good at it. So students should consider taking extra (额外的) courses besides their main study courses. If you do focus on (关注) one area, just ensure you know more about it than AI does!
Show you can do big, creative things AI can’t do. While AI can do long, boring tasks like comparing lots of information, it doesn’t push companies to develop new ideas or improve. And even if AI does the boring work, humans will still be needed to organize the projects in which AI is used.
Develop adaptability. We can’t know for certain what the world of work will look like in the future — so the best skill to develop may be adaptability. You can make yourself better at this by looking for new experiences, like studying abroad or even taking courses, which force you to change to get used to new situations!
The future of work with AI is challenging. But students can change and succeed. With AI’s help, you can learn more efficiently and solve problems more easily Face the difficulties and work hard, and you’ll make the journey into the AI-driven future be a step towards a better life.
1．What can AI do according to the text
① summarize an article ② program a computer
③ win over a customer ④ stop a fight
A．①② B．①③ C．②④ D．③④
2．Why should students consider taking extra courses
A．To develop people skills. B．To drop their main courses.
C．To focus on one area. D．To avoid being replaced by AI.
3．Which of the following shows “adaptability” in Paragraph 5
A．Tom invented a human-like robot. B．Sam organized a successful party.
C．Tina made few friends in the club. D．Mary fit in well at her new school.
4．How does the writer feel about the future work with AI
A．Doubtful. B．Satisfied. C．Hopeful. D．Worried.
5．What is the text mainly about
A．The importance of AI in students’ life. B．How students can protect their futures from AI.
C．The challenges AI brings to students. D．What changes students will face in the future.
（2025·福建泉州·一模）Have you ever noticed how differently people from different countries deal with rainy days
When the sky turns gray and drops its silver threads (线), people can see a sea of colorful dots dancing under the raindrops. Yep! Many umbrellas come out! In China, people love umbrellas not only because they keep them dry but also because they add a touch of color to such days. Kids love umbrellas even more, and they are happy to pick out their favorite designs, from cartoon characters to flowery styles, making rainy days exciting experience. This practicality has led to a huge umbrella market in the country, with various styles, colors, and sizes to choose from.
Now, let’s fly over to some Western countries. Here, you might find something interesting: People aren’t used to carrying umbrellas. Instead, they might put on their hats, jackets, or rush on rainy days. And many people believe that getting a little wet is also a different feeling. However, don’t be surprised if you see umbrellas in Western countries too. In the UK, the umbrella is a symbol of preparedness. With its changeable weather, from bright sunshine to sudden downpours, the British have learned to always have an umbrella at hand. It is considered polite to offer an umbrella to someone in need during rainy days.
Whether to take an umbrella or not is more about cultural habits and lifestyle choices. It’s all about how we choose to enjoy life. So, the next time it rains, why not try something new Reach for an umbrella and stroll (闲逛) through the street, or jump in puddles (水坑) and play in the rain. Either way, it’s sure to be a wonderful experience.
1．What does the underlined word “dots” in Paragraph 2 refer to (指)
A．Clouds. B．Raindrops. C．Umbrellas. D．Flowers.
2．Kids in China are happy on rainy days because they can _______.
A．watch the raindrops B．design colorful umbrellas
C．use their favorite umbrellas D．visit a huge market
3．How does the writer develop Paragraph 3
A．By giving examples. B．By telling a story. C．By listing numbers. D．By asking a question.
4．What can we learn from Paragraph 4
A．It’s better to stay inside on rainy days.
B．Having fun in the rain can be a way to enjoy life.
C．It’s nice to walk around the street without an umbrella.
D．Jumping in puddles is a terrible experience when it rains.
5．What would be the best title for the text
A．Rainy Day Habits Across Cultures B．Various Umbrellas on Rainy Days
C．Dancing in the Rain with Umbrellas D．The Meanings of Rain in Different Cultures
（24-25九年级下·福建福州·开学考试）
Updated: 2024-11-3012:00On November 29th, 2024, the theme and main logo of the 2025 Spring Festival Gala were introduced. The theme of the gala is “Si Si Ru Yi, Sheng Sheng Bu Xi”, which carries deep cultural and symbolic meanings. It hopes to send New Year wishes to Chinese people all over the world. The design of the main logo is creative. The logo is made up oftwo Oracle Bone Script (甲骨文) characters “Si”. They are put together in a symmetrical (对称) way, making it look like “Yi (乙)” and “Si (巳)”. The lunar year 2025 is the Year of Yisi. The logo also looks like the traditional Ruyi pattern which is a symbol of good luck and happiness. This is a clever link between the Year ofthe Snake (the Year of Yisi) and Ruyi pattern. The Chinese character “Si” has caught people's eyes. In traditional Chinese timekeeping, a day is divided into 12 parts, and each part is two hours long. The sixth part of the day is called “Si Shi”, which is from 9 a. m. to 11 a. m. It’s a time when the sun is going high in the sky, symbolizing the rise of Yang energy and the hiding of Yin energy. Everything seems to wake up and come to life, creating a beautiful scene. With the meaningful theme and logo, the 2025 Spring Festival Gala is expected to bring warmth and happiness to Chinese people around the world on New Year’s Eve. Now, one might wonder what customs and activities are to celebrate the Spring Festival ...
1．According to Paragraph 2, the theme of the gala hopes to _________
A．create a beautiful scene B．spread Oracle Bone Script
C．introduce Chinese timekeeping D．send New Year wishes
2．The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refers to _________
A．Si B．Yi C．the logo D．Ruyi pattern
3．Paragraph 3mainly talks about the _________ of the logo.
A．design B．use C．history D．influence
4．What do Chinese students usually do on school days during the time of “Si Shi”
A． B． C． D．
5．What will be probably mentioned next
A．How long the Spring Festival lasts. B．When the Spring Festival falls this year.
C．How people celebrate the Spring Festival. D．Why people celebrate the Spring Festival.
（24-25九年级下·福建福州·开学考试）Whenever you walk past a cafe, you might take interest in the coffee because of its delicious smell. But when you try this dark drink you will regret it, because it tastes like Chinese medicine. Our senses are mismatched because of the “second sense of smell” according to The Telegraph.
“We have two senses of smell,” explained Barry smith, professor of the University of London. “One is when you breathe in things from the environment, and the other is when the air comes up the nose and is breathed out through the nose.”
When we drink coffee, for example, the act of swallowing (吞咽) sends the smell up the back of our nose from inside the mouth. This wakes up the second sense of smell in our brain. As a result, it gives us a different feeling.
In fact, the second sense of smell plays a big part in our eating experience. It may be common sense that we smell through our nose and taste using our tongue. But the truth is 80% of what we think of as taste actually reaches us through smell. Just hold your nose while eating and you will notice that your tongue can only catch a very small part of the flavor (味道).
However, ▲ . Durians (榴莲) and some cheeses are examples. “Think of a piece of cheese with an unpleasant smell,” Smith said. “It smells like the inside of a teenager’s training shoe. But once it’s in your mouth, and you are experiencing the smell through the nose in the other direction, it is delicious.”
So far, scientists have only found two flavors that smell the same no matter how they enter the nose—chocolate and lavender.
1．Why do some good-smelling things taste so bad
A．Because our two senses of smell work differently.
B．Because different people have different tastes.
C．Because not all flavors have influences on us.
D．Because our sense of taste often lies to us.
2．Which picture shows the “second sense of smell” according to the passage
A． B． C． D．
3．What’s the writer’s purpose in writing Paragraph 4
A．To show us the importance of the sense of taste.
B．To explain what the second sense of smell is.
C．To ask us to pay more attention to the use of the tongue.
D．To tell us most of taste actually reaches us through smell.
4．We can put ________ in the blank “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 5.
A．the second sense of smell sometimes doesn’t work at all
B．people think that most of food with strong smell tastes terrible as well
C．things that smell good often taste bad because of the second sense of smell
D．the mismatch between our two senses of smell sometimes has pleasant results
5．Which question is answered in the passage
A．When is the best time for people to drink coffee
B．What is the best way to drink freshly-made coffee
C．Why does something that smells good taste bad
D．How can we change the smell of delicious food
（24-25九年级下·福建福州·开学考试）As someone who’s been studying English for many years now, you might think you know the English language pretty well. But if you overheard a British person say, “A Billy left some bees and honey in my sherbet (冰冻果露) last night,” would you understand what they meant Probably not, but many native speakers may not know what this person was saying either.
The example above was a sentence that a London taxi driver might say to another member of his or her tribe. In plain English, the sentence would be, “A customer left some money in my cab last night.”
So, what exactly is meant by “tribe” A recent article on the BBC Culture website pointed out that nearly all of us are a part of a tribe. This is a group that defines (定义) who we are and even how we speak. And with each tribe comes its own “secret language”, as the BBC called it. If you work in a certain industry-education, for example, you may use slang words (俚语) and acronyms (首字母缩略词) that only other people who work in that industry would understand. Or if you live in a certain city, you might use a slang word to describe a landmark in the city, which only locals would understand.
These so-called secret languages each have their own fascinating history. In the US, for example, the underground “ballroom” (舞厅) tribe of 1970s and 80s New York City and its language were showed in the 2018 FX show Pose.
These secret words don’t always stay within their tribes, however. Words from many tribes, especially musical cultures such as rap and hip-hop, often enter people’s everyday vocabulary. For example, the phrase “to have beef” —meaning “to be in a conflict (冲突) ” —was made popular by US rappers. Today, it’s widely used by native English speakers all over the world.
As BBC reporter Susie Dent wrote, “We are all surrounded by amazing secret languages, full of history and stories and in-jokes. And one thing is certain: our tribal conversations will never run out.”
1．The example at the beginning of the text is mainly used ________.
A．to prove that English is hard to learn
B．to explain the meaning of tribes
C．to teach readers how to communicate with London taxi drivers
D．to show the languages of tribes are often difficult to understand
2．According to this passage, what does “tribe” refer to
A．All members of a family. B．Workers in a certain company.
C．A group or class of people. D．People living in the same city.
3．What can we know about “secret languages”
A．They mostly came from musical cultures.
B．Some words from them are popular in everyday conversation.
C．They first started in London in the 1980s.
D．They have failed to become popular among young people.
4．What is Dent’s attitude towards the future of secret languages
A．Confident. B．Worried. C．Uninterested. D．doubtful.
5．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage (①= Paragraph 1)
A．①②③/④⑤/⑥ B．①/②③④⑤/⑥ C．①②/③④⑤/⑥ D．①②/③④/⑤⑥
（24-25九年级下·福建福州·开学考试）You may feel that math is difficult and boring. Is it possible that you’ve been looking at math in the wrong way Li Xing, a math professor at Ning Xia University, thinks math can be beautiful and fun. I completely agree with what he said.
Numbers are beautiful
Many people today want to have beautiful looks. There is math hidden in beautiful human bodies. Measure (测量) the length from your head to your belly button and from your belly button to your feet. The ratio (比例) of these two numbers is always around 0.618. This is the golden ratio, which can be seen everywhere, like in nature, music and paintings.
In Chinese poems, we can also see the beauty of numbers. As Li Bai wrote, “My boat has left ten thousand mountains far away”, “A thousand miles in one day”, —all these numbers show how fast Li Bai traveled and how happy he felt.
Curves (曲线) are beautiful
“Sine curves” are beautiful. They go towards the two opposite directions on and on without ever ending. When you look at them, you may feel like standing by the sea and watching the waves slowly moving. “Tangent curve” (正切曲线) is like a waterfall, just as Li Bai wrote, “dashing (冲) down three thousand feet from on high”.
Formulas (公式) are beautiful
There are some amazing formulas. Take the Pythagorean theorem for instance: in a right-angled triangle, the square of the longest side equals the sum of the squares of the other two sides. Isn’t that fascinating As the Chinese-American mathematician Chern Shingshen once said, “it is truly enjoyable!”
1．If the ratio of a thing is around 0.618, ________.
A．it has a golden color B．it only happens in human bodies
C．it looks like a human body D．it might bring people a sense of beauty
2．Why does the writer mention Li Bai and his poems in the passage
A．To introduce the topic. B．To support his opinion.
C．To share the beauty of Li Bai’s poems. D．To offer advice on learning math.
3．What does a tangent curve look like
A．B．C． D．
4．What does the underlined word “equals” probably mean
A．show B．matches C．gives D．makes
5．What is the passage mainly about
A．Why math is beautiful and fun. B．Why math is difficult and boring.
C．How we can learn math in a right way. D．How math helps us live a better life.
（24-25九年级下·福建福州·开学考试）On December 29, 2024, two samples of the CR450 high-speed train were shown in Beijing. This wonderful train can reach a test speed of 450 kilometers per hour and an operating speed of 400 km/h. When it starts to be used for business, it will be the quickest high-speed train in the world, much faster than the CR400 that runs at 350 km/h.
The China State Railway Group, which made this train, said that the CR450 has set new global standards in many important parts like speed, using less energy, making less noise, and braking performance. Even though it goes at a higher speed, its braking is as good as the 350 km/h trains. This is because of the great engineering that keeps the train safer at high speeds than other vehicles.
The CR450 also cares a lot about making passengers feel comfortable. By using good noise-cutting technology, the inside of the train is quieter than that of the 350 km/h trains. Also, What’s more, its running resistance (阻力) has been decreased by 22% and its weight has been reduced by 10%, which helps to save energy. The inside has been made again, with 4% more room, and there are better places to put luggage (行李) .
Since 2012, China’s railway has made many new things, like the Fuxing high-speed train, and has built a whole high-speed rail technology system. The CR450 shows China’s ability to make new things and its science power. It also shows the good points of China’s system, which helps the railway grow.
In the past 15 years, China has built a very big railway network, including the world’s largest and best high-speed rail network, which is very long. The CR450 is an important step in China’s railway growth.
1．What is the operating speed of the CR450 high-speed train
A．450 km/h B．400 km/h C．350 km/h D．300 km/h
2．We can know from the passage that the CR450________.
A．costs more than the CR400 B．is more popular than the CR400
C．is safer than the CR400 D．has more seats than the CR400
3．Which of the following is NOT mentioned about the CR450
A．Its braking performance. B．Its ticket price.
C．Its energy saving. D．Its noise reduction.
4．Why is the carriages (车厢) of the CR450 high-speed train quieter than that of the 350 km/h trains
A．Because it is lighter and travels at a higher speed.
B．Because it uses advanced noise-reducing technology.
C．Because an there are better places to put luggage.
D．Because it has less running resistance and save energy.
5．What is the main idea of the passage
A．The introduction of the CR450 high-speed train.
B．The history of China’s high-speed rail.
C．The comparison between the CR450 and other trains.
D．The future of China’s railway.
（2025·福建泉州·一模）Historically, people explored the ocean to find new ways to travel around the world or to start new trade ways. Today, we pay more attention to the ocean itself in the ocean exploration.
In recent years, new technology has made it easier to dive (潜水) into the deep sea. Better submarines (潜艇), robots and cameras now allow scientists to explore areas people couldn’t reach before. China’s Mengxiang deep-ocean drilling vessel (大洋钻探船) can now be added to the list.
Human beings actually don’t know much about the ocean. Believe it or not, we know more about space than we do about the deep sea. Since 1969,a total of 12 people have walked on the moon, but only three have dived to the Mariana Trench’s deepest point. Even more shocking Although the ocean covers about 71% of Earth’s surface, 95% of it is unexplored.
Why does so much of the ocean remain unknown Part of the answer is that it’s difficult to explore. Sure, it’s hard to get a spaceship into space. But remember that in space, you can see things. The deep sea, however, is hopelessly dark. Getting a light down there that can shine far enough to sec anything is no easy task.
That being said, ocean exploration is worth the risk and cost. The ocean is connected to all of us and plays a role in everything from the air we breathe, the food we eat and the transportation of the goods we buy to weather and longer-term climate trends (趋势).
Most of our knowledge of the ocean comes from shallower waters (浅水区域), but deeper waters are becoming more important. Many fisheries are built in deep waters. The deep ocean also holds huge of oil, gas, metals and so on.
1．Why didn’t scientists reach the deep sea in the past
A．They didn’t think it’s worth the risk. B．They didn’t have high-level technology.
C．They had no need to explore the deep sea. D．They wanted the knowledge from shallower waters.
2．What can we learn from Paragraph 2
A．Mengxiang deep-ocean drilling vessel is popular with tourists.
B．Mengxiang deep-ocean drilling vessel is mainly used for trade.
C．China has made great progress in ocean exploration technology.
D．China is the first country to explore shallower and deeper waters.
3．Why does the writer mention space in the text
A．To prove the interest of ocean exploration. B．To show the necessity of space exploration.
C．To show the difficulty of ocean exploration. D．To prove the importance of space exploration.
4．The underlined word “task” refers to ________.
A．inventing a new light B．seeing the things in space
C．getting a spaceship into space D．sending a bright enough light down
5．What can we get from the text
A．Our understanding of the ocean is less than we thought before.
B．The ocean coverage is the largest and we have explored most of it.
C．More resources come from the shallow waters than from deeper ones.
D．Three times more people dived into the ocean than walked on the moon.
（2025·福建泉州·一模）。
Badminton is a popular sport that can be enjoyed by people of all ages and skill levels. But many badminton lovers complain they can’t afford to play badminton because of the surprising price rise of shuttlecocks. What has led to the price growth
Shuttlecock makers say the simple reason for this is the growing prices of the feathers of ducks and geese. Duck and goose numbers in China have gone down since 2020, increasing the price. According to Yangcheng Evening News, the numbers of ducks and geese kept were 4.218 billion and 515 million in 2023, separately. However, the numbers were 4.878 billion and 634 million in 2019.
Also, only feathers from certain kinds of ducks or geese are hard enough and can be used to make shuttlecocks. One shuttlecock needs 16 feathers, but one goose or duck can only provide up to 14 such feathers.
At the same time, making shuttles is not a simple task. The feathers need to be cleaned, whitened, and disinfected (给……杀菌). This is to keep them clean and make sure the shuttle stays hard. Next, a machine puts the feathers into the shuttlecock’s head. The shuttlecock is then glued, stitched (缝合) and tested. This already makes shuttlecocks expensive, so the price increase is even more difficult to bear.
Since feather shuttlecocks are expensive, can we use man-made ones instead Carbon fiber (碳纤维) shuttles are one choice. They are about 10yuan each, and they last longer and fly better. However, controlling them during hits is much harder compared to natural ones. So, many players are not ready to say goodbye to feather shuttlecocks just yet. Even spending more money on shuttlecocks can’t stop them from loving badminton.
1．How does the writer lead in the topic of the text
A．Telling a story. B．Listing numbers.
C．Asking a question. D．Giving examples.
2．Which picture shows the change of ducks and geese in number from 2019 to 2023
A． B．
C． D．
3．Which shows the correct order of making shuttlecocks
① put the feathers into the shuttlecock’s head ②disinfect
③ glue and stitch ④ test ⑤ clean and whiten
A．③①④⑤② B．⑤②①③④ C．⑤①④③② D．②①③⑤④
4．According to the text, what might many players do after the price increase
A．They might choose other sports instead.
B．They might give up badminton to save money.
C．They might say goodbye to natural shuttlecocks.
D．They might continue to use feather shuttlecocks.
5．What can be the best title for the text
A．Changes in Badminton Production B．The Most Popular Sport--Badminton
C．Carbon Fiber Shuttles Are Needed Now D．Facts Behind Rising Prices of Shuttlecocks
