阅读理解之说明文15篇
(天津中考真题+中考模拟)
天津中考真题练
（2024·天津·中考真题）Salt has always been important to people. In the past, it was as valuable as gold. Over the years, people discovered different ways to get salt. Some early people got salt from rocks. In other places, people got salt from the sea. They took sea water and put it in the sun. After a long time, the water dried up (耗尽). Then people could get salt.
Today, people still get salt from the sea. But most salt comes from salt mines (矿) and salt wells (井). How do people get salt from salt mines They dig deep into the ground for it. To get salt from salt wells, people put two pipes (管子) into the ground. Water is sent down through one of the pipes. And the water is mixed with the salt in salt wells. It makes salt water. Then the salt water is pushed up through the other pipe. Later, the salt is taken out of the salt water.
People once worked hard to find and make salt. Now, people can buy it at any food store.
1．Some early people got salt from ________.
A．flowers B．fruits C．trees D．rocks
2．Why did people put sea water in the sun
A．To get salt. B．To catch fish.
C．To wash clothes. D．To water crops.
3．How do people get salt from salt mines
A．By mixing sand with gold. B．By digging deep into the ground.
C．By putting oil on rocks. D．By throwing stones into the sea.
4．What is the right order of getting salt from salt wells
a. The salt is taken out of the salt water.
b. Water is sent down through one of the pipes.
c. The salt water is pushed up through the other pipe.
A．a-b-c B．b-c-a C．c-b-a D．b-a-c
5．The passage is mainly about ________.
A．who discovered salt B．when we made salt
C．where salt comes from D．how much salt we need
天津中考模拟真题练
（2025·天津河西·模拟预测）There is a great need to search for clean and renewable energy to meet our needs. It seems that wind energy is a good choice. Do you know anything about wind energy
The first advantage of wind energy is that it truly is a renewable resource (资源). No matter how much wind we use to produce electricity, we will never reduce the supply (供应) of wind. This is its greatest advantage compared with non-renewable resources like coal or oil. Second, wind energy is a clean source of energy, which means it produces environment-friendly electricity. What’s more, the large towers, which provide the base (基座) for the wind turbines (涡轮机), don’t take up lots of space. They can share land with farms.
However, each coin has two sides. That is to say wind energy does have some disadvantages. Wind does not provide supply of energy without stopping. Even the windiest places on earth have periods of calm. If there isn’t a strong wind, wind turbines are not able to produce electricity. The large blades (叶片) of wind turbines can be very dangerous for birds and bats (蝙蝠). The turbines cause noise pollution. It can also be bad to people living around.
Although wind energy has disadvantages, its advantages shouldn’t be forgotten.
1．People search for ________ to meet their needs according to the passage.
A．electricity B．coal and oil C．non-renewable energy D．clean and renewable energy
2．How many advantages of wind energy are talked about in the passage
A．One B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.
3．What does the underlined word “They” refer to in Paragraph 2
A．Wind turbines B．The large towers C．Energy resources D．Renewable resources
4．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 3
A．Wind energy also has some disadvantages. B．Wind can’t provide energy without stopping.
C．The blades of wind turbines can be very dangerous. D．The turbines cause noise pollution while working.
5．According to the passage, we know that ________.
A．wind energy is a non-renewable resource B．the greatest advantage of wind energy is renewable
C．the windiest areas never have periods of clam D．wind turbines can’t be dangerous for birds and bats
（2025·天津滨海新·模拟预测）For more than a month, the world has been very excited about a new AI model called DeepSeek-R1. The company behind it, also called DeepSeek, is a business based in Hangzhou, Zhejiang.
The new AI first appeared on Jan 20th. In just one week, it beat OpenAI’s ChatGPT and became the most popular free application (应用) in the App Store. What is so special about it
According to DeepSeek, the new AI model is as good as other top models at difficult activities like math. But it needs much less computing power (算力) to do that. It is also the cheapest of its kind and took only about 5.57 million US dollars (40.58 million yuan) to make. That is much less than the hundreds of millions or even billions of dollars that American companies have to spend making similar AI models, said Marc Andreessen, a technology expert in the US.
The achievement was largely because of an idea the scientists had while they trained it. Instead of using the traditional ways, DeepSeek mainly uses Reinforcement Learning (RL, 强化学习). It helps AI learn by working out the right way to do things on its own to get points. This makes R1 better at reasoning and solving hard problems.
What’s more, DeepSeek-R1 is open-source (开源的). Everyone can get a copy of its code (代码). They can also change the code to meet their own needs. Being open-source is very important for sharing knowledge, said Liang Wenfeng, who set up DeepSeek.
1．What does Paragraph 2 mainly say about DeepSeek-R1
A．It’s new. B．It’s popular. C．It’s special. D．It’s free.
2．What is one of the strong points of DeepSeek-R1 compared to other AI models
A．It’s cheaper to develop. B．It’s smarter than others.
C．It’s better at difficult activities. D．It’s quicker in solving problems.
3．How does DeepSeek-R1 learn
A．In a traditional way.
B．Through solving hard problems.
C．By finding the right way to do things on its own.
D．By following all kinds of orders from its creators.
4．Why is it important that DeepSeek-R1 is open-source
A．Because it makes AI safer. B．Because it creates new knowledge.
C．Because it makes AI cheaper. D．Because it helps to share knowledge.
5．What’s the passage mainly about
A．The importance of open-source code.
B．The challenges faced by DeepSeek-R1.
C．The differences between AI models.
D．The introduction to DeepSeek-R1.
（2025·天津滨海新·模拟预测）Jin Ying, 25, in a lover of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). She took part in three-month training course on acupuncture and tuina (针灸推拿) in the winter of 2023 at Beijing University of Chinese Medicine.
Jin’s life has been different since the training. She changed her life habits after learning the Five Elements Theory (五行学说). For example, she avoided sweating (出行) too much during exercise in winter because the cold of winter means people should show down, according to TCM. For her, learning these skills and theories was not about becoming a TCM doctor but rather about embracing (欣然接受) a news lifestyle.
She is not an unusual example of young people becoming interested in TCM. A survey by China Youth Daily showed that 93.3 percent of the 1000 young people who took part had tried different TCM treatments.
“I have seen a rising number of young people come to me for neck and back pains, which are usually related to the elderly,” said Ma Huifang, a TCM doctor at Guoyitang, a TCM hospital affiliated (附属) with Beijing University of Chinese Medicine.
Between Western medicine and TCM, young people often choose TCM “due to its efficacy (疗效),” according to Ma. Some people question why TCM treats the same illnesses with different prescriptions (处方), “This is actually an advantage of TCM, rather than a shortcoming, as it can be a more accurate treatment (精准的治疗) for different patients,” Ma explained.
Younger age groups are embracing TCM, and, at the name time, TCM is also benefiting young people. As Jin noted, “It helps young people understand Chinese medicine and learn why it is believed to be a treasure of our Chinese culture.”
1．The training Jin Ying took part in lasted ________.
A．three days B．three months C．half a year D．three years
2．Why did Jin Ying avoid sweating too much during exercise in winter
A．Because winter cold means people should exercise more.
B．Because winter cold means people should exercise less.
C．Because people should take a rest during cold winter.
D．Because people should slow down during cold winter.
3．How many people tried different TCM treatments in the survey
A．93. B．933. C．1000. D．67.
4．Why young people often choose TCM
A．Due to its efficacy. B．Which are usually related to the elderly.
C．Young people understand Chinese medicine. D．Treats the same illnesses with same prescriptions (处方).
5．What is the purpose of the passage
A．To show the history of TCM. B．To explain the importance of TCM.
C．To compare TCM with Western medicine. D．To tell us TCM wins the hearts of young people.
（2025·天津东丽·模拟预测）Green is an important color in nature. It is the color of grass and the leaves on trees. It is the color of most growing plants, too.
Sometimes, the word green means young, fresh and growing. Sometimes, it describes something that is not yet finished or plants that are not ripe.
For example, a greenhorn is someone who has no experience, who is new to a situation. In the fifteenth century, a greenhorn was a young cow or ox whose horns had not yet developed. A century or so later, a greenhorn was a soldier who had not yet had any experience in war (战争). By the eighteenth century, a greenhorn had the meaning it has today—a person who is new in a job.
About one hundred years ago, greenhorn was a popular expression in the American west. Old-timers used it to describe a man who had just arrived from one of the big cities in the east. The greenhorn didn’t have the skills that he would need to live in the hard, rough country.
Someone who has the ability to grow plants well is said to have a green thumb. The expression comes from the early nineteen hundred.
A person with a green thumb seems to have a magic touch that makes plants grow quickly and well. You might say that the woman next door has a green thumb if her garden continues to grow long after your plants have died.
The Green Revolution (革命) is the name which was given some years ago to the development of new kinds of rice and other grains. The new plants produced much larger crops. The Green Revolution was the result of hard work by agricultural (农业的) scientists who had green thumbs.
1．According to the passage, a greenhorn means ________ now.
A．a person who is new in a job
B．a soldier who has not had any experience in war
C．a young cow or ox whose horns have not yet developed
D．a man who doesn’t have the skills to live in the country
2．The meaning of the underlined word “ripe” is ________.
A．未完成的 B．青涩的 C．成熟的 D．老练的
3．Which of the following is NOT right
A．The expression “the Green Revolution” appeared several years ago.
B．If there weren’t the Green Revolution, we would have no rice to eat.
C．Agricultural scientists with green thumbs started the Green Revolution.
D．Because of the Green Revolution, we have more kinds of rice and other grains.
4．We can know from the passage that ________.
A．all growing plants is green
B．green is the most important color in nature
C．a person with a green thumb can make plants grow well
D．the expression “a green thumb” has a history of two hundred years
5．The main idea of the passage is ________.
A．a greenhorn B．a green thumb
C．the Green Revolution D．the word “green” and its story
（2025·天津东丽·模拟预测）We make mistakes at any age. Some mistakes we make are about money. But most mistakes are about people. “Did Jerry really care when I broke up with Helen ” When I got that great job, did Jerry really feel good about it as a friend Or did he envy (嫉妒) my luck ” When we look back, doubts like these can make us feel bad. But when we look back, it’s too late.
Why do we go wrong about our friends or our enemies Sometimes what people say hides their real meaning. And if we don’t really listen, we may miss the feeling behind the words. Suppose someone tells you, “You’re a lucky dog.” Is he really on your side If he says, “You’re a lucky guy.” or “You’re a lucky gal.” That’s being friendly. But “lucky dog” There’s a bit of envy in those words. Maybe he doesn’t see it himself. But using the word “dog” puts you down a little. What he may be saying is he doesn’t think you deserve (值得) your luck.
How can you tell the real meaning behind someone’s words and avoid (避免) making mistakes One way is to take a good look at the person talking. Do his words fit the way he looks Does what he says match with his tone of voice His posture (姿势) The look in his eyes Stop and think. Spend some time thinking about the real meaning of what people say to you, and you may save another mistake.
1．The questions in the first paragraph tell us that the speaker ________.
A．feels happy because his friends were nice and friendly to him
B．thinks it was a mistake to break up with his girlfriend Helen
C．is sorry that his friends have let him down and made him cry
D．feels he may not have “read” his friends’ true feelings correctly
2．From the example “You’re a lucky dog”, we can learn that ________.
A．sometimes the words give a hint about the speaker’s feeling behind the words
B．it means nearly the same as “You’re a lucky guy.” or “You’re a lucky gal.”
C．the person saying these words is friendly and he really thinks you are lucky
D．the word “dog” should never be used to describe a person in our daily life
3．The passage tries to tell you how to ________.
A．avoid making mistakes about money and friends
B．bring the “dog” into our daily conversation
C．get a better understanding of what people say
D．be nice and friendly to other people around you
4．What is important in listening to a person
A．To remember his tone, posture and the look in his eyes.
B．To check if his words match with his tone and posture
C．To listen to how he pronounces the words in his talk.
D．Don’t believe anything he says because he usually lies.
5．If you follow the writer’s advice, you would ________.
A．be able to get the real meaning of other people’s words
B．never misunderstand what people say to you in your life
C．not lose real friends who say things that make you unhappy
D．understand everything when talking to people who envy you
（2025·天津滨海新·模拟预测）Five rules for a healthy life
Thanks to better health care, most people are living healthier and longer lives. Someone who is born today can expect to live about thirty-five years longer than someone who was born in the nineteenth century. It is even thought that in the future more and more people will celebrate their hundredth birthdays. Here are five rules for a healthy life.
1. Get off the sofa!
Sure, it is comfortable to sit on the sofa and watch TV. But doctors say you should get off the sofa. To keep fit, you have to walk at least 10,000 steps every day. In the past, people’s jobs required more physical effort. They often had to walk for miles every day. When farmers were working in the fields, they were keeping fit at the same time. Think about it: Do you get the same amount of exercise today as they did in the past
2. Eat healthy food!
It is important to eat food that is fresh and natural, for example, fruit and vegetables. Fast food is not healthy. You should only have it once in a while. Eating too much of the wrong food will harm your health.
3. Rest while you can!
When we were babies, we slept for much of the night. Teenagers do not need as much sleep as babies, but it is important for you to get about eight hours’ sleep a night. At weekends, you have got more time, so use it not just for your friends, but for rest too.
4. Do not worry. Be happy!
Many people believe that happiness is important for our general health. Sometimes it is not easy to be a teenager because of the difficulties of school, exams or friendships. If you are worried about something, talk to your parents or your teacher.
5. Say no to smoking!
Yes, you know I was going to say this. It is so important. Smoking is not cool. It is dangerous. It harms nearly every part of your body. Think about how your family and friends will feel, and think about what it will do to your health.
1．What does the passage mainly talk about
A．People are living healthier and longer livers than before. B．Exercise is very important to people.
C．How to live in a healthy life. D．Smoking is harmful to people.
2．Which of the following is True
A．Smoking is cool. B．Smoking is dangerous.
C．Smoking hardly harms every part of our body. D．Many students like smoking.
3．Why do we get off the sofa
A．Because it is uncomfortable to sit on the sofa. B．Because we want to keep fit.
C．Because we must go out to walk 10000 steps. D．Because we have already get enough exercise today.
4．According to the article, who do you think the passage is written for
A．The healthy. B．The wealthy. C．The teenagers. D．Parents.
5．What does the word “physical” mean
A．物理学 B．体力的 C．政治的 D．物质的
（2025·天津·模拟预测）DeepSeek is an AI development firm based in Hangzhou, China. It was founded in 2023 by Liang Wenfeng, a graduate of Zhejiang University. The company is owned by High-Flyer.
DeepSeek focuses on developing open-source large language models (LLMs). It has released (发布) several models since it was set up. In January 2025, the release of DeepSeek-R1 made the company globally famous. This model is based on DeepSeek-V3 and performs as well as Open-AI’s o1 in tasks such as mathematics and code (代码).
DeepSeek-R1 achieved great results shortly after its release. The DeepSeek AI assistant (辅助) app, which provides a chatbot (聊天机器人) interface (界面) for DeepSeek-R1, topped (登顶) Apple’s App Store chart and outperformed Open AI’s ChatGPT mobile app. By February 2025, DeepSeek-R1, V3, and Coder models had been launched on the National Super computing Internet Platform. Moreover, DeepSeek-R1 has been integrated (整合) with many car companies like Geely and BYD, and has also been applied in government affairs, medical care, and other fields.
DeepSeek uses a different training approach from Open-AI to train its R1 models. It uses less time, fewer AI accelerators (加速器), and lower costs. The company has also made several training innovations (创新), including reinforcement (巩固) learning.
1．Where is DeepSeek located
A．Zhejiang Province. B．Beijing. C．Suzhou. D．Shenzhen.
2．Which model made DeepSeek globally famous
A．DeepSeek-LLM. B．DeepSeek-V2. C．DeepSeek-R1. D．DeepSeek-Coder.
3．What does the underlined word “outperform” mean
A．Expect. B．Understand. C．Realize. D．Surpass.
4．How does DeepSeek train its R1 models
A．Using the same approach as Open-AI.
B．With more time and more AI accelerators.
C．Without any training innovations.
D．Through reinforcement learning and other innovative methods.
5．Which of the following statements about DeepSeek-R1 is TRUE
A．It is based on Open-AI’s o1.
B．It can’t perform well in mathematics tasks.
C．The DeepSeek AI assistant app for it outperformed ChatGPT mobile app.
D．It has only been applied in the car industry.
（2025·天津·模拟预测）Beijing Opera, also called Peking Opera, is our national opera. It came into being (形成) after 1790 and has a history of over 200 years. Its music and singing came from Xipi and Erhuang in Anhui and Hubei. There are four main roles in Beijing Opera: Sheng, Dan, Jing, Chou. Sheng is the leading male (男性) actor. For example, a Wusheng is a soldier or fighter. A Xiaosheng is a young man. A Laosheng is an old man with beard (胡子). Dan is the female (女性) role. Jing, mostly male, is the face painted role and Chou is the comedy (喜剧) actor or clown (小丑).
Beijing Opera is full of famous stories, beautiful facial paintings, wonderful gestures and fighting. Some of the stories are from history books, but most are from famous novels. The people in the stories usually can’t agree with each other. They become angry, unhappy, sad and lonely, Sometimes they are afraid and worried. Then they find a way to make peace with each other. Everyone is usually happy in the end.
Beijing Opera is an important part of Chinese culture. In China it used to be popular with old people while young people didn’t like it very much. However, more young people are becoming interested in it nowadays. And more people around the world are learning about Beijing Opera’s special singing, acting and facial paintings.
1．When did Beijing Opera come into being
A．Before 1790. B．After 1790. C．In 1790. D．In 2000.
2．Beijing Opera’s singing is from ______.
A．Anhui and Hubei B．the history book C．the literature and novels D．stories
3．The second paragraph of the passage is about the ______ of Beijing Opera.
A．stories B．paintings C．roles D．singing
4．From the passage, we know the role “Chou” most probably has a (n) ______ feature.
A．honest B．funny C．serious D．strong
5．Which is TRUE according to the passage
A．Peking Opera is full of different gestures. B．There are only four roles in Beijing Opera.
C．Beijing Opera is the most popular in the world. D．All the young people don’t like Beijing Opera.
（2025·天津南开·模拟预测）Smartphones are getting boring. The new models are either a bit faster or have better cameras, but they are basically no different from the ones already in our pockets. This is why scientists are hoping, and working for something new, something that will change our lives just as greatly as smartphones do. At the moment, the next invention might be smart glasses.
Just imagine. Instead of having to pick up your phone and look at the screen, all of the information you need simply appears just in front of you, in your glasses. Satellite navigation (导航) directions would appear right there on the road. And your smart glasses could guide you to the right shelf in the supermarket!
Smart glasses could also be used in industry. They could show engineers the instructions they need to fix things more quickly. A doctor could carry out a difficult operation, guided in real time by someone on the other side of the world.
This may sound impossible. But most of the technologies to invent them are already there. For example, one key technology is called AR, which can make digital 3-D objects appear as if they are part of the real world. We’ve used it a lot on our video calls. Similarly, huge progress has been made in spatial audio. This is when a sound is made to give it a sense of place, like what you hear in an empty room. Some high-end earphones can already do that. Future glasses will of course need to recognize (识别) your voice to do tasks. This technology has been widely used in our daily life.
So, why aren’t we all wearing smart glasses yet So far, no one has invented a good way to send images (映像) of our world onto glasses. However, with the rapid development of technology, smart glasses could arrive much sooner than we think.
1．Why does the writer mention smartphones in Paragraph 1
A．To start a story. B．To explain an idea. C．To introduce a topic. D．To discuss a problem.
2．What are Paragraphs 2 and 3 mainly about
A．When smart glasses might be made. B．Where smart glasses could be used.
C．How smart glasses would give directions. D．Why smart glasses should be changed.
3．Which of the following is not the function of smart glasses
A．You can pick up your phone and look at the screen.
B．The information you need can simply appear in your glasses.
C．Satellite navigation directions would appear right there on the road.
D．Your smart glasses could guide you to the right shelf in the supermarket.
4．Which of the following technologies needs to be improved to invent smart glasses
A．Making spatial audio. B．Recognizing voices.
C．Creating digital 3-D objects. D．Sending images onto glasses.
5．How might the writer feel about the future of smart glasses
A．Bored. B．Confident. C．Satisfied. D．Uncertain.
（2025·天津滨海新·一模）Let’s suppose it is a common day of 2060. Of course, things have changed and life is very different.
Trips to the moon are being made every day. Taking a holiday on the moon today is as easy as taking a holiday in Europe in the 2010s. At a number of scenic spots (风景胜地) on the moon, many hotels have been built. In order that everyone can enjoy the beautiful scenery on the moon, every room has at least one picture window. Everything imaginable is provided for entertainment of the young and old.
What are people eating now People are still eating food. But a lot of food now comes in pill (药片) form, and the food that goes into the pill comes mainly from green plants. Because people in the world today are much more than those about fifty years ago, most of the earth’s surface has to be filled. The deserts are irrigated with water and crops are no longer eaten by pests (害虫). The harvest is always good. Farming, of course, is very highly developed. Very few people have to work on the farms. It is possible to run the farms by just using a few computers.
People are now largely vegetarians (素食者) and they eat only bread, vegetables, fruit and so on and they don’t eat meat or fish. You see, as the number of people increases, the number of animals decreases. So people have to be vegetarians. We are healthier both in our bodies and in our minds, and we know how to deal with all kinds of illnesses. No one has to be ill any more.
1．What will be on the moon in 2060 according to the passage
A．Many green plants. B．Many wild animals.
C．Many interesting places. D．Many children and students.
2．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “irrigated”
A．冲刷 B．灌溉 C．淹没 D．排泄
3．Which of the following is TRUE
A．People only eat food in pill form. B．People don’t have any crops.
C．People run the farms by using high technology. D．The harvest is sometimes good.
4．Why do people have to be vegetarians in 2060
A．Because they want to be healthier.
B．Because vegetables can make the patients well.
C．Because there will be more people and fewer animals.
D．Because eating vegetables is good for our minds.
5．What attitude does the writer have towards the future life
A．He feels pretty hopeful about the future.
B．He is not very satisfied with some things of the future.
C．He seems really sad about what will happen in the future.
D．He is afraid of the future life.
（24-25九年级下·天津·开学考试）Some people seem to have a knack (本领) for learning languages. They can pick up new vocabulary, master rules or grammar, and learn to write in the new language more quickly than others. They do not seem to be any more intelligent (聪明) than others, so what makes language learning so much easier for them Perhaps if we take a close look at these successful language learners, we may discover a few of the techniques (技巧) that make language easier for them.
First of all, successful language learners are independent learners. They do not depend on the book or the teacher; they discover their own way to learn the language. Instead of waiting for the teacher to explain, they try to find the patterns (模式) and the rules for themselves. They are good guessers who look for clues (线索) and form their own conclusions (结论). When they guess wrong, they guess again. They try to learn from mistakes.
Successful language learning is active learning. Therefore, successful learners do not wait for a chance to use the language; they look for such a chance. They find people who speak the language and they ask these people to correct them when they make a mistake. They will try anything to communicate. They are not afraid to repeat what they hear or to say strange things; they are willing to make mistakes and try again. When communication is difficult, they can accept information that is inexact or incomplete. It is more important for them to learn to think in the language than to know the meaning of every word.
Finally, successful language learners are learners with a purpose. They want to learn the language because they are interested in the language and the people who speak it. It is necessary for them to learn the language in order to communicate with these people and to learn from them. They find it easy to practice using the language regularly (有规律地) because they want to learn with it.
What kind of language learner are you If you are a successful language learner, you have probably been learning independently, actively, and purposefully (有意). On the other hand, if your language learning has been less than successful, you might as well try some of the techniques outlined (概述) above.
1．Successful language learners can ________ more quickly than others.
A．pick up new vocabulary B．master rules or grammar
C．learn to write in the new language D．all the above
2．Which kind of factor (因素) isn’t mentioned in the article as what makes language study easier
A．Intelligence. B．Independence.
C．Activeness. D．Learning with a purpose
3．Successful language learners depend on ________ to learn the language.
A．their teachers B．their parents C．books D．themselves
4．What does the underlined word “inexact” in Paragraph 3 mean ________.
A．correct B．active C．inaccurate D．interesting
5．Which of the following is correct to a successful language learner
A．They never make mistakes
B．It is boring to repeat what they hear or to say strange things.
C．They are fond of the language and the people who speak it.
D．Knowing the meaning of every word is the most important.
（24-25九年级下·天津·开学考试）One day, you open the fridge and find some moldy (发霉的) food. But before you can throw it away, your mother stops you. She doesn’t want to waste food. She cuts off the moldy part and eats the rest. Is it safe to do this
Most kinds of mold (霉菌) are bad for us. It can grow on almost all kinds of food. Mold is usually green, white, black or grey. Mold makes food soft and changes its colour. Moldy food tastes quite bad and it’s not safe to eat. So how do you deal with this situation
If you find mold in soft food, just throw it away. Soft food, such as bread, tomatoes or hot dogs, usually has water. This allows mold to easily grow below its surface (表面) . Bacteria (细菌) can also grow along with it. It’s easy to take mold away from hard food. The mold can’t grow very deeply inside this kind of food. You should cut about 2. 5cm around and below the mold to take it away. It’s OK to cut the moldy parts out of hard food and eat the rest. But if the food is completely covered with mold, you should still throw it away.
But some kinds of mold have good influence. Some kinds of mold can be used to make food. For example, penicillium (青霉菌) can be used to make many different kinds of cheeses, such as blue cheese. These cheeses are safe to eat and they’re quite delicious as well.
1．How does the writer lead into the topic (话题) in Paragraph 1
A．By asking a question. B．By listing numbers.
C．By making a comparison. D．By giving an opinion.
2．How does mold influence food
A．It makes food smell bad. B．It makes food hard.
C．It changes food’s shape. D．It changes food’s colour.
3．How should you deal with a tomato when you find mold on it
A．Eat it directly. B．Throw it away.
C．Boil it and then eat it. D．Cut off the moldy part and eat the rest.
4．According to Paragraph 4, what can we know about the penicillium
A．They taste quite delicious. B．They can be used to make cheese.
C．They are bad for our health. D．They always grow on mold.
5．What’s the best title for the passage
A．How to eat healthily B．Bacteria in our life.
C．Mold around us. D．How to make food with mold
（2025·天津西青·一模）When a new cell phone starts to be sold in stores, many people rush out to buy one. We all want the newest, latest thing. But what should we do with our old cell phones
Mike Townsend works at Total Recall, a cell phone recycling company. “Don’t throw your old phone away. Send it to us and we’ll recycle it,” he says. “If you throw it away, it goes with other rubbish to become landfill. In other words, it is put in a big hole in the ground— and it becomes a big problem.”
Cell phones contain some toxic materials (有毒物质), like lead, mercury and cadmium. If your phone goes to a landfill, these toxic materials can get out and get into the water under the ground. That’s the water we want to drink or the water that goes into rivers or the ocean. Millions of cell phones are thrown away every year.
“At Total Recall, we take the old phones apart. Most of the materials in a cell phone can be recycled and used again,” explains Mike. “We sell the parts and they are used to make new products. For example, phone batteries contain nickel and cadmium. The nickel is used to make steel, and the cadmium can be used to make new batteries. The plastic cases of the phones are made into plastic fence posts.”
Mike says recycling your old phone is easy. “You can usually take it into a cell phone shop and they’ll send it to us.” So, before you throw your old cell phone away, use it one last time: search for a cell phone recycling company near you and give them a call.
1．Total Recall is a company which ________.
A．sells new cell phones B．recycles old cell phones
C．repairs old cell phones D．produces new cell phones
2．The underlined word landfill in the second paragraph probably means “________”.
A．an area of land where large amounts of rubbish are buried
B．an area of land that is higher than the land around it
C．something used for filling holes
D．something added to soil to make plants grow fast
3．What will happen if the old cell phones go to a landfill
A．They will make a big hole in the ground and cause a big problem.
B．A cell phone company will reuse them again.
C．They will be used to make new products in a short time.
D．Toxic materials will come out and get into the water under the ground.
4．The right ways to deal with the old cell phones are to ________.
①break the old phones into pieces ②take them into a cell phone shop
③throw them with other rubbish ④call for a cell phone recycling company
A．①② B．②③ C．①④ D．②④
5．Which is the best title for the passage above
A．Don’t use old cell phones B．Take care of old cell phones
C．New lives of old cell phones D．Changes of old cell phones
（2025·天津河东·模拟预测）No one knows how or why life began. We do know that life on Earth started at least 3.8billion years ago. Some scientists think life began in a rock pool or in the ocean. Others think it may have started in space.
As far as we know, Earth is the only place where life is found. Wherever we look on our planet, some simple life forms make a home. Plants and animals need sunlight and water to grow. Until the 1970s, scientists thought that life only existed (存在) near Earth’s surface (表面).
Since then, people found bacteria (细菌) several kilometers under the ground inside rock. They live in the rock. People also found them in the freezing cold of Antarctica (南极洲), and near hot springs in the ocean. Some can even survive in highly radioactive (放射性的) places.
Could life start and survive on other worlds The most likely place in our solar system is Mars.
1．Scientists think life may be found in the following except ________.
A．in a rock pool B．in the ocean C．on the moon D．on Mars
2．What does the second paragraph mainly tell us
A．As we know, Earth is the only place for life now.
B．Bacteria were not found on Earth until 1970s.
C．Life on Earth started at least 3.8 billion years ago.
D．Bacteria live in the rock.
3．What does the underlined word “survive” mean in Chinese
A．受伤 B．存活 C．避免 D．灭绝
4．Which is NOT right according to the passage
A．Mars is the most likely place for life to start in the solar system.
B．Water is Important for living things.
C．Life on Earth started at least 3.8 billion years ago.
D．Scientists know why life began.
5．What is the best title for the passage
A．Animals on Earth. B．Life on Mars.
C．Life on Earth. D．Plants on Mars.阅读理解之说明文15篇
(天津中考真题+中考模拟)
天津中考真题练
（2024·天津·中考真题）Salt has always been important to people. In the past, it was as valuable as gold. Over the years, people discovered different ways to get salt. Some early people got salt from rocks. In other places, people got salt from the sea. They took sea water and put it in the sun. After a long time, the water dried up (耗尽). Then people could get salt.
Today, people still get salt from the sea. But most salt comes from salt mines (矿) and salt wells (井). How do people get salt from salt mines They dig deep into the ground for it. To get salt from salt wells, people put two pipes (管子) into the ground. Water is sent down through one of the pipes. And the water is mixed with the salt in salt wells. It makes salt water. Then the salt water is pushed up through the other pipe. Later, the salt is taken out of the salt water.
People once worked hard to find and make salt. Now, people can buy it at any food store.
1．Some early people got salt from ________.
A．flowers B．fruits C．trees D．rocks
2．Why did people put sea water in the sun
A．To get salt. B．To catch fish.
C．To wash clothes. D．To water crops.
3．How do people get salt from salt mines
A．By mixing sand with gold. B．By digging deep into the ground.
C．By putting oil on rocks. D．By throwing stones into the sea.
4．What is the right order of getting salt from salt wells
a. The salt is taken out of the salt water.
b. Water is sent down through one of the pipes.
c. The salt water is pushed up through the other pipe.
A．a-b-c B．b-c-a C．c-b-a D．b-a-c
5．The passage is mainly about ________.
A．who discovered salt B．when we made salt
C．where salt comes from D．how much salt we need
【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了盐从哪里来的。
1．细节理解题。根据“Some early people got salt from rocks.”可知，一些早期的人从岩石中得到盐。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据“They took sea water and put it in the sun. After a long time, the water dried up (耗尽). Then people could get salt”可知，是为了得到盐，故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据“They dig deep into the ground for it. To get salt from salt wells, people put two pipes (管子) into the ground.”可知，人们通过深挖地下来从盐矿中获取盐。故选B。
4．细节理解题。根据“Water is sent down through one of the pipes. And the water is mixed with the salt in salt wells. It makes salt water. Then the salt water is pushed up through the other pipe. Later, the salt is taken out of the salt water.”水通过其中一根管子往下输送。在盐井里，水和盐混合。它产生盐水。然后盐水通过另一根管子被推上来。然后，把盐从盐水中取出。由此可知，正确的顺序是：水通过其中一根管子往下输送→盐水从另一根管子被推上来→从盐水中取出盐。故选B。
5．主旨大意题。根据“Over the years, people discovered different ways to get salt”，“Today, people still get salt from the sea”以及全文可知，本文主要介绍了盐从哪里来的。故选C。
天津中考模拟真题练
（2025·天津河西·模拟预测）There is a great need to search for clean and renewable energy to meet our needs. It seems that wind energy is a good choice. Do you know anything about wind energy
The first advantage of wind energy is that it truly is a renewable resource (资源). No matter how much wind we use to produce electricity, we will never reduce the supply (供应) of wind. This is its greatest advantage compared with non-renewable resources like coal or oil. Second, wind energy is a clean source of energy, which means it produces environment-friendly electricity. What’s more, the large towers, which provide the base (基座) for the wind turbines (涡轮机), don’t take up lots of space. They can share land with farms.
However, each coin has two sides. That is to say wind energy does have some disadvantages. Wind does not provide supply of energy without stopping. Even the windiest places on earth have periods of calm. If there isn’t a strong wind, wind turbines are not able to produce electricity. The large blades (叶片) of wind turbines can be very dangerous for birds and bats (蝙蝠). The turbines cause noise pollution. It can also be bad to people living around.
Although wind energy has disadvantages, its advantages shouldn’t be forgotten.
1．People search for ________ to meet their needs according to the passage.
A．electricity B．coal and oil C．non-renewable energy D．clean and renewable energy
2．How many advantages of wind energy are talked about in the passage
A．One B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.
3．What does the underlined word “They” refer to in Paragraph 2
A．Wind turbines B．The large towers C．Energy resources D．Renewable resources
4．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 3
A．Wind energy also has some disadvantages. B．Wind can’t provide energy without stopping.
C．The blades of wind turbines can be very dangerous. D．The turbines cause noise pollution while working.
5．According to the passage, we know that ________.
A．wind energy is a non-renewable resource B．the greatest advantage of wind energy is renewable
C．the windiest areas never have periods of clam D．wind turbines can’t be dangerous for birds and bats
【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．B
【导语】本文主要介绍风能发电的优势和劣势。
1．细节理解题。根据“There is a great need to search for clean and renewable energy to meet our needs.”可知，人们在搜索干净的和可再生的能源来满足他们的需求。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据“The first advantage of wind energy is that it truly is a renewable resource.”；“Second, wind energy is a clean source of energy, which means it produces environment-friendly electricity. ”；“What’s more, the large towers,which provide the base for the wind turbines(涡轮机), don’t take up lots of space.”可知一共是3个优势。故选C。
3．词义猜测题。根据“What’s more, the large towers,which provide the base for the wind turbines(涡轮机), don’t take up lots of space. They can share land with farms.”可知本句说的话题是“large towers”，它们不占空间，可以和农业共用陆地。故“They”指的是“large towers”。故选B。
4．段落大意题。根据“However, each coin has two sides. That is to say wind energy does have some disadvantages.”可知本段主要讲风能也有劣势。故选A。
5．细节理解题。根据“This is its greatest advantage compared with non-renewable resources like coal or oil.”可知，可再生是风能相比其他不可再生能源最大的优势。故选B。
（2025·天津滨海新·模拟预测）For more than a month, the world has been very excited about a new AI model called DeepSeek-R1. The company behind it, also called DeepSeek, is a business based in Hangzhou, Zhejiang.
The new AI first appeared on Jan 20th. In just one week, it beat OpenAI’s ChatGPT and became the most popular free application (应用) in the App Store. What is so special about it
According to DeepSeek, the new AI model is as good as other top models at difficult activities like math. But it needs much less computing power (算力) to do that. It is also the cheapest of its kind and took only about 5.57 million US dollars (40.58 million yuan) to make. That is much less than the hundreds of millions or even billions of dollars that American companies have to spend making similar AI models, said Marc Andreessen, a technology expert in the US.
The achievement was largely because of an idea the scientists had while they trained it. Instead of using the traditional ways, DeepSeek mainly uses Reinforcement Learning (RL, 强化学习). It helps AI learn by working out the right way to do things on its own to get points. This makes R1 better at reasoning and solving hard problems.
What’s more, DeepSeek-R1 is open-source (开源的). Everyone can get a copy of its code (代码). They can also change the code to meet their own needs. Being open-source is very important for sharing knowledge, said Liang Wenfeng, who set up DeepSeek.
1．What does Paragraph 2 mainly say about DeepSeek-R1
A．It’s new. B．It’s popular. C．It’s special. D．It’s free.
2．What is one of the strong points of DeepSeek-R1 compared to other AI models
A．It’s cheaper to develop. B．It’s smarter than others.
C．It’s better at difficult activities. D．It’s quicker in solving problems.
3．How does DeepSeek-R1 learn
A．In a traditional way.
B．Through solving hard problems.
C．By finding the right way to do things on its own.
D．By following all kinds of orders from its creators.
4．Why is it important that DeepSeek-R1 is open-source
A．Because it makes AI safer. B．Because it creates new knowledge.
C．Because it makes AI cheaper. D．Because it helps to share knowledge.
5．What’s the passage mainly about
A．The importance of open-source code.
B．The challenges faced by DeepSeek-R1.
C．The differences between AI models.
D．The introduction to DeepSeek-R1.
【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．D
【导语】本文介绍了名为DeepSeek-R1的新AI模型，它由杭州的DeepSeek公司开发。该模型在性能上与其他顶级模型相当，但计算力需求更低，开发成本也远低于美国同类模型。其成功在于采用了强化学习技术，且为开源，可供所有人使用和修改。
1．主旨大意题。根据“In just one week, it beat OpenAI’s ChatGPT and became the most popular free application (应用) in the App Store.”可知，第二段主要介绍DeepSeek-R1非常受欢迎。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据“It is also the cheapest of its kind and took only about 5.57 million US dollars (40.58 million yuan) to make.”可知，DeepSeek-R1与其他AI模型相比，它更便宜。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据“It helps AI learn by working out the right way to do things on its own to get points.”可知，它通过让AI自己摸索出正确的做事方法来获得分数，从而帮助AI学习。故选C。
4．细节理解题。根据“Being open-source is very important for sharing knowledge”可知，开源对于共享知识非常重要。故选D。
5．主旨大意题。全文围绕DeepSeek-R1的特点（低成本、强化学习、开源性）展开，属于对这款AI模型的综合介绍。故选D。
（2025·天津滨海新·模拟预测）Jin Ying, 25, in a lover of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). She took part in three-month training course on acupuncture and tuina (针灸推拿) in the winter of 2023 at Beijing University of Chinese Medicine.
Jin’s life has been different since the training. She changed her life habits after learning the Five Elements Theory (五行学说). For example, she avoided sweating (出行) too much during exercise in winter because the cold of winter means people should show down, according to TCM. For her, learning these skills and theories was not about becoming a TCM doctor but rather about embracing (欣然接受) a news lifestyle.
She is not an unusual example of young people becoming interested in TCM. A survey by China Youth Daily showed that 93.3 percent of the 1000 young people who took part had tried different TCM treatments.
“I have seen a rising number of young people come to me for neck and back pains, which are usually related to the elderly,” said Ma Huifang, a TCM doctor at Guoyitang, a TCM hospital affiliated (附属) with Beijing University of Chinese Medicine.
Between Western medicine and TCM, young people often choose TCM “due to its efficacy (疗效),” according to Ma. Some people question why TCM treats the same illnesses with different prescriptions (处方), “This is actually an advantage of TCM, rather than a shortcoming, as it can be a more accurate treatment (精准的治疗) for different patients,” Ma explained.
Younger age groups are embracing TCM, and, at the name time, TCM is also benefiting young people. As Jin noted, “It helps young people understand Chinese medicine and learn why it is believed to be a treasure of our Chinese culture.”
1．The training Jin Ying took part in lasted ________.
A．three days B．three months C．half a year D．three years
2．Why did Jin Ying avoid sweating too much during exercise in winter
A．Because winter cold means people should exercise more.
B．Because winter cold means people should exercise less.
C．Because people should take a rest during cold winter.
D．Because people should slow down during cold winter.
3．How many people tried different TCM treatments in the survey
A．93. B．933. C．1000. D．67.
4．Why young people often choose TCM
A．Due to its efficacy. B．Which are usually related to the elderly.
C．Young people understand Chinese medicine. D．Treats the same illnesses with same prescriptions (处方).
5．What is the purpose of the passage
A．To show the history of TCM. B．To explain the importance of TCM.
C．To compare TCM with Western medicine. D．To tell us TCM wins the hearts of young people.
【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中医越来越受年轻群体的欢迎，以及介绍了中医的神奇疗效。
1．细节理解题。根据“She took part in three-month training course on acupuncture and tuine”可知，她参加了为期三个月的针灸推拿培训课程。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据“…she avoided sweating too much during exercise in winter because the cold of winter means people should slow down…”可知，冬季寒冷意味着人们应该放慢节奏，因此她避免在冬季运动中过度出汗。故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据“…93.3 percent of the 1000 young people who took part had tried different TCM treatments.”可知，1000名受访年轻人中93.3%尝试过中医治疗，即933人。故选B。
4．细节理解题。根据“...young people often choose TCM due to its efficacy’”可知，年轻人选择中医是因为其疗效。故选A。
5．推理判断题。根据“Younger age groups are embracing TCM, and, at the name time, TCM is also benefiting young people. ”以及全文可知，文章主要告诉我们中医越来越受年轻群体的欢迎。故选D。
（2025·天津东丽·模拟预测）Green is an important color in nature. It is the color of grass and the leaves on trees. It is the color of most growing plants, too.
Sometimes, the word green means young, fresh and growing. Sometimes, it describes something that is not yet finished or plants that are not ripe.
For example, a greenhorn is someone who has no experience, who is new to a situation. In the fifteenth century, a greenhorn was a young cow or ox whose horns had not yet developed. A century or so later, a greenhorn was a soldier who had not yet had any experience in war (战争). By the eighteenth century, a greenhorn had the meaning it has today—a person who is new in a job.
About one hundred years ago, greenhorn was a popular expression in the American west. Old-timers used it to describe a man who had just arrived from one of the big cities in the east. The greenhorn didn’t have the skills that he would need to live in the hard, rough country.
Someone who has the ability to grow plants well is said to have a green thumb. The expression comes from the early nineteen hundred.
A person with a green thumb seems to have a magic touch that makes plants grow quickly and well. You might say that the woman next door has a green thumb if her garden continues to grow long after your plants have died.
The Green Revolution (革命) is the name which was given some years ago to the development of new kinds of rice and other grains. The new plants produced much larger crops. The Green Revolution was the result of hard work by agricultural (农业的) scientists who had green thumbs.
1．According to the passage, a greenhorn means ________ now.
A．a person who is new in a job
B．a soldier who has not had any experience in war
C．a young cow or ox whose horns have not yet developed
D．a man who doesn’t have the skills to live in the country
2．The meaning of the underlined word “ripe” is ________.
A．未完成的 B．青涩的 C．成熟的 D．老练的
3．Which of the following is NOT right
A．The expression “the Green Revolution” appeared several years ago.
B．If there weren’t the Green Revolution, we would have no rice to eat.
C．Agricultural scientists with green thumbs started the Green Revolution.
D．Because of the Green Revolution, we have more kinds of rice and other grains.
4．We can know from the passage that ________.
A．all growing plants is green
B．green is the most important color in nature
C．a person with a green thumb can make plants grow well
D．the expression “a green thumb” has a history of two hundred years
5．The main idea of the passage is ________.
A．a greenhorn B．a green thumb
C．the Green Revolution D．the word “green” and its story
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“绿色”一词的多重含义及其相关表达和文化背景，并提及了“绿色革命”的概念。
1．细节理解题。根据“By the eighteenth century, a greenhorn had the meaning it has today—a person who is new in a job.”可知，“greenhorn”有了今天的含义——指刚从事某份工作的人。故选A。
2．词句猜测题。根据“Sometimes, it describes something that is not yet finished or plants that are not ripe.”的语境可知，此处指未成熟的植物，所以划线部分的含义是“成熟的”。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据“The Green Revolution (革命) is the name which was given some years ago to the development of new kinds of rice and other grains. The new plants produced much larger crops.”可知，绿色革命提高了作物产量，并没有说明此前无米可吃。故选B。
4．细节理解他。根据“A person with a green thumb seems to have a magic touch that makes plants grow quickly and well.”可知，园艺高手擅长种植。故选C。
5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了“绿色”一词的多重含义及其相关表达和文化背景，并提及了“绿色革命”的概念，D项符合。故选D。
（2025·天津东丽·模拟预测）We make mistakes at any age. Some mistakes we make are about money. But most mistakes are about people. “Did Jerry really care when I broke up with Helen ” When I got that great job, did Jerry really feel good about it as a friend Or did he envy (嫉妒) my luck ” When we look back, doubts like these can make us feel bad. But when we look back, it’s too late.
Why do we go wrong about our friends or our enemies Sometimes what people say hides their real meaning. And if we don’t really listen, we may miss the feeling behind the words. Suppose someone tells you, “You’re a lucky dog.” Is he really on your side If he says, “You’re a lucky guy.” or “You’re a lucky gal.” That’s being friendly. But “lucky dog” There’s a bit of envy in those words. Maybe he doesn’t see it himself. But using the word “dog” puts you down a little. What he may be saying is he doesn’t think you deserve (值得) your luck.
How can you tell the real meaning behind someone’s words and avoid (避免) making mistakes One way is to take a good look at the person talking. Do his words fit the way he looks Does what he says match with his tone of voice His posture (姿势) The look in his eyes Stop and think. Spend some time thinking about the real meaning of what people say to you, and you may save another mistake.
1．The questions in the first paragraph tell us that the speaker ________.
A．feels happy because his friends were nice and friendly to him
B．thinks it was a mistake to break up with his girlfriend Helen
C．is sorry that his friends have let him down and made him cry
D．feels he may not have “read” his friends’ true feelings correctly
2．From the example “You’re a lucky dog”, we can learn that ________.
A．sometimes the words give a hint about the speaker’s feeling behind the words
B．it means nearly the same as “You’re a lucky guy.” or “You’re a lucky gal.”
C．the person saying these words is friendly and he really thinks you are lucky
D．the word “dog” should never be used to describe a person in our daily life
3．The passage tries to tell you how to ________.
A．avoid making mistakes about money and friends
B．bring the “dog” into our daily conversation
C．get a better understanding of what people say
D．be nice and friendly to other people around you
4．What is important in listening to a person
A．To remember his tone, posture and the look in his eyes.
B．To check if his words match with his tone and posture
C．To listen to how he pronounces the words in his talk.
D．Don’t believe anything he says because he usually lies.
5．If you follow the writer’s advice, you would ________.
A．be able to get the real meaning of other people’s words
B．never misunderstand what people say to you in your life
C．not lose real friends who say things that make you unhappy
D．understand everything when talking to people who envy you
【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．A
【导语】本文主要告诉我们在与人交往的过程中容易犯的错误就是误解对方，表面说的是一个意思而实际想要表达的是另外一个意思。本文教会大家如何真正理解他人表达的意思，避免误会。
1．细节理解题。根据“When we look back, doubts like these can make us feel bad. But when we look back, it’s too late.”可知，第一段中的问题告诉我们，作者可能没有正确地“读懂”朋友们的真实感受。故选D。
2． 推理判断题。根据“Suppose someone tells you, ‘You’re a lucky dog.’ Is he really on your side If he says, ‘You’re a lucky guy.’ or ‘You’re a lucky gal.’ That’s being friendly. But ‘lucky dog’ There’s a bit of envy in those words.”可知，如果对方说你是一个幸运的家伙，那是友好的。若说的是lucky dog，那么是有一点嫉妒心理在话里的。话语可能暗示说话者的情感。故选A。
3．主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了人们在日常交际时容易对别人说的话产生误解，本文给出一些建议和方法来解决该类问题。故选C。
4．细节理解题。根据“One way is to take a good look at the person talking. Do his words fit the way he looks Does what he says match with his tone of voice His posture (姿势) The look in his eyes ”可知，在听一个人说话时，重要的是要根据他的态度、语调和姿势来核对他的话。故选B。
5． 推理判断题。本文就是教会大家如何真正理解他人表达的意思，避免误会。所以如果你听从作者的建议，你就能够理解人们所说话的真正含义。故选A。
（2025·天津滨海新·模拟预测）Five rules for a healthy life
Thanks to better health care, most people are living healthier and longer lives. Someone who is born today can expect to live about thirty-five years longer than someone who was born in the nineteenth century. It is even thought that in the future more and more people will celebrate their hundredth birthdays. Here are five rules for a healthy life.
1. Get off the sofa!
Sure, it is comfortable to sit on the sofa and watch TV. But doctors say you should get off the sofa. To keep fit, you have to walk at least 10,000 steps every day. In the past, people’s jobs required more physical effort. They often had to walk for miles every day. When farmers were working in the fields, they were keeping fit at the same time. Think about it: Do you get the same amount of exercise today as they did in the past
2. Eat healthy food!
It is important to eat food that is fresh and natural, for example, fruit and vegetables. Fast food is not healthy. You should only have it once in a while. Eating too much of the wrong food will harm your health.
3. Rest while you can!
When we were babies, we slept for much of the night. Teenagers do not need as much sleep as babies, but it is important for you to get about eight hours’ sleep a night. At weekends, you have got more time, so use it not just for your friends, but for rest too.
4. Do not worry. Be happy!
Many people believe that happiness is important for our general health. Sometimes it is not easy to be a teenager because of the difficulties of school, exams or friendships. If you are worried about something, talk to your parents or your teacher.
5. Say no to smoking!
Yes, you know I was going to say this. It is so important. Smoking is not cool. It is dangerous. It harms nearly every part of your body. Think about how your family and friends will feel, and think about what it will do to your health.
1．What does the passage mainly talk about
A．People are living healthier and longer livers than before. B．Exercise is very important to people.
C．How to live in a healthy life. D．Smoking is harmful to people.
2．Which of the following is True
A．Smoking is cool. B．Smoking is dangerous.
C．Smoking hardly harms every part of our body. D．Many students like smoking.
3．Why do we get off the sofa
A．Because it is uncomfortable to sit on the sofa. B．Because we want to keep fit.
C．Because we must go out to walk 10000 steps. D．Because we have already get enough exercise today.
4．According to the article, who do you think the passage is written for
A．The healthy. B．The wealthy. C．The teenagers. D．Parents.
5．What does the word “physical” mean
A．物理学 B．体力的 C．政治的 D．物质的
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了健康生活的五条规则。
1．主旨大意题。根据文章标题“Five rules for a healthy life”及全文内容（列举5条健康生活准则）可知，文章主要讲述如何健康生活。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据“Smoking is not cool. It is dangerous.”可知，吸烟是危险的。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据“But doctors say you should get off the sofa. To keep fit, you have to walk at least 10,000 steps every day.”可知，离开沙发是为了要运动起来从而保持健康。故选B。
4．推理判断题。根据“teenagers do not need as much sleep as babies”和“Sometimes it is not easy to be a teenager because of the difficulties of school, exams or friendships.”等线索可推知，文章主要面向青少年群体。故选C。
5．词句猜测题。根据“In the past, people’s jobs required more physical effort.”可知过去，人们的工作需要更多的体力，physical这里指“体力的”。故选B。
（2025·天津·模拟预测）DeepSeek is an AI development firm based in Hangzhou, China. It was founded in 2023 by Liang Wenfeng, a graduate of Zhejiang University. The company is owned by High-Flyer.
DeepSeek focuses on developing open-source large language models (LLMs). It has released (发布) several models since it was set up. In January 2025, the release of DeepSeek-R1 made the company globally famous. This model is based on DeepSeek-V3 and performs as well as Open-AI’s o1 in tasks such as mathematics and code (代码).
DeepSeek-R1 achieved great results shortly after its release. The DeepSeek AI assistant (辅助) app, which provides a chatbot (聊天机器人) interface (界面) for DeepSeek-R1, topped (登顶) Apple’s App Store chart and outperformed Open AI’s ChatGPT mobile app. By February 2025, DeepSeek-R1, V3, and Coder models had been launched on the National Super computing Internet Platform. Moreover, DeepSeek-R1 has been integrated (整合) with many car companies like Geely and BYD, and has also been applied in government affairs, medical care, and other fields.
DeepSeek uses a different training approach from Open-AI to train its R1 models. It uses less time, fewer AI accelerators (加速器), and lower costs. The company has also made several training innovations (创新), including reinforcement (巩固) learning.
1．Where is DeepSeek located
A．Zhejiang Province. B．Beijing. C．Suzhou. D．Shenzhen.
2．Which model made DeepSeek globally famous
A．DeepSeek-LLM. B．DeepSeek-V2. C．DeepSeek-R1. D．DeepSeek-Coder.
3．What does the underlined word “outperform” mean
A．Expect. B．Understand. C．Realize. D．Surpass.
4．How does DeepSeek train its R1 models
A．Using the same approach as Open-AI.
B．With more time and more AI accelerators.
C．Without any training innovations.
D．Through reinforcement learning and other innovative methods.
5．Which of the following statements about DeepSeek-R1 is TRUE
A．It is based on Open-AI’s o1.
B．It can’t perform well in mathematics tasks.
C．The DeepSeek AI assistant app for it outperformed ChatGPT mobile app.
D．It has only been applied in the car industry.
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．D 5．C
【导语】本文介绍中国AI公司DeepSeek，其专注开源大语言模型开发，发布的DeepSeek-R1全球闻名，应用广泛，训练方法区别于OpenAI，且有创新、成本低等优势。
1．细节理解题。根据“DeepSeek is an AI development firm based in Hangzhou, China.”可知，DeepSeek位于中国杭州，属于浙江省，故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据“In January 2025, the release of DeepSeek-R1 made the company globally famous.” 可知，DeepSeek-R1模型让DeepSeek闻名全球，故选C。
3．词句猜测题。根据“topped Apple’s App Store chart”可知，DeepSeek AI辅助的应用程序在苹果应用商店排行榜登顶，可推测出DeepSeek的应用程序表现比ChatGPT移动应用好，“outperform”意思是 “超过，胜过”，与“surpass”意思相近，故选D。
4．细节理解题。根据“DeepSeek uses a different training approach from Open-AI to train its R1 models…The company has also made several training innovations, including reinforcement learning.”可知，DeepSeek通过强化学习和其他创新方法来训练R1模型，故选D。
5．细节理解题。根据“The DeepSeek AI assistant app, which provides a chatbot interface for DeepSeek-R1, topped Apple’s App Store chart and outperformed OpenAI’s ChatGPT mobile app.”可知，为DeepSeek-R1提供聊天机器人界面的DeepSeek AI助手应用程序的表现超过了ChatGPT 移动应用程序，故选C。
（2025·天津·模拟预测）Beijing Opera, also called Peking Opera, is our national opera. It came into being (形成) after 1790 and has a history of over 200 years. Its music and singing came from Xipi and Erhuang in Anhui and Hubei. There are four main roles in Beijing Opera: Sheng, Dan, Jing, Chou. Sheng is the leading male (男性) actor. For example, a Wusheng is a soldier or fighter. A Xiaosheng is a young man. A Laosheng is an old man with beard (胡子). Dan is the female (女性) role. Jing, mostly male, is the face painted role and Chou is the comedy (喜剧) actor or clown (小丑).
Beijing Opera is full of famous stories, beautiful facial paintings, wonderful gestures and fighting. Some of the stories are from history books, but most are from famous novels. The people in the stories usually can’t agree with each other. They become angry, unhappy, sad and lonely, Sometimes they are afraid and worried. Then they find a way to make peace with each other. Everyone is usually happy in the end.
Beijing Opera is an important part of Chinese culture. In China it used to be popular with old people while young people didn’t like it very much. However, more young people are becoming interested in it nowadays. And more people around the world are learning about Beijing Opera’s special singing, acting and facial paintings.
1．When did Beijing Opera come into being
A．Before 1790. B．After 1790. C．In 1790. D．In 2000.
2．Beijing Opera’s singing is from ______.
A．Anhui and Hubei B．the history book C．the literature and novels D．stories
3．The second paragraph of the passage is about the ______ of Beijing Opera.
A．stories B．paintings C．roles D．singing
4．From the passage, we know the role “Chou” most probably has a (n) ______ feature.
A．honest B．funny C．serious D．strong
5．Which is TRUE according to the passage
A．Peking Opera is full of different gestures. B．There are only four roles in Beijing Opera.
C．Beijing Opera is the most popular in the world. D．All the young people don’t like Beijing Opera.
【答案】1．B 2．A 3．A 4．B 5．A
【导语】本文讲述了京剧作为我国国剧，于 1790 年后形成，唱腔源自安徽、湖北，介绍其四大角色、故事来源，说明京剧是中国文化重要部分，过去多受老年人喜爱，如今越来越多年轻人、乃至世界各地人士开始关注它。
1．细节理解题。根据“It came into being (形成) after 1790 and has a history of over 200 years.”可知，京剧是在1790 年之后形成的，故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据“Its music and singing came from Xipi and Erhuang in Anhui and Hubei.”可知，京剧的唱腔来自安徽和湖北的西皮和二黄，故选A。
3．主旨大意题。通读第二段可知，本文主要讲述了京剧里的故事以及故事中人物的情节等，所以该段是关于京剧的故事，故选A。
4．细节理解题。根据“Chou is the comedy actor or clown”可知，丑角是喜剧演员或小丑，所以具有滑稽、有趣的特点，故选B。
5．细节理解题。根据“Beijing Opera is full of famous stories, beautiful facial paintings, wonderful gestures and fighting.”可知，京剧充满了不同的姿势。故选A。
（2025·天津南开·模拟预测）Smartphones are getting boring. The new models are either a bit faster or have better cameras, but they are basically no different from the ones already in our pockets. This is why scientists are hoping, and working for something new, something that will change our lives just as greatly as smartphones do. At the moment, the next invention might be smart glasses.
Just imagine. Instead of having to pick up your phone and look at the screen, all of the information you need simply appears just in front of you, in your glasses. Satellite navigation (导航) directions would appear right there on the road. And your smart glasses could guide you to the right shelf in the supermarket!
Smart glasses could also be used in industry. They could show engineers the instructions they need to fix things more quickly. A doctor could carry out a difficult operation, guided in real time by someone on the other side of the world.
This may sound impossible. But most of the technologies to invent them are already there. For example, one key technology is called AR, which can make digital 3-D objects appear as if they are part of the real world. We’ve used it a lot on our video calls. Similarly, huge progress has been made in spatial audio. This is when a sound is made to give it a sense of place, like what you hear in an empty room. Some high-end earphones can already do that. Future glasses will of course need to recognize (识别) your voice to do tasks. This technology has been widely used in our daily life.
So, why aren’t we all wearing smart glasses yet So far, no one has invented a good way to send images (映像) of our world onto glasses. However, with the rapid development of technology, smart glasses could arrive much sooner than we think.
1．Why does the writer mention smartphones in Paragraph 1
A．To start a story. B．To explain an idea. C．To introduce a topic. D．To discuss a problem.
2．What are Paragraphs 2 and 3 mainly about
A．When smart glasses might be made. B．Where smart glasses could be used.
C．How smart glasses would give directions. D．Why smart glasses should be changed.
3．Which of the following is not the function of smart glasses
A．You can pick up your phone and look at the screen.
B．The information you need can simply appear in your glasses.
C．Satellite navigation directions would appear right there on the road.
D．Your smart glasses could guide you to the right shelf in the supermarket.
4．Which of the following technologies needs to be improved to invent smart glasses
A．Making spatial audio. B．Recognizing voices.
C．Creating digital 3-D objects. D．Sending images onto glasses.
5．How might the writer feel about the future of smart glasses
A．Bored. B．Confident. C．Satisfied. D．Uncertain.
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了智能眼镜，包括其可能的应用场景、所需技术和发展前景。
1．推理判断题。根据第一段“This is why scientists are hoping, and working for something new, something that will change our lives just as greatly as smartphones do. At the moment, the next invention might be smart glasses.”可知，作者在第一段提到智能手机是为了引出本文要介绍的新事物——智能眼镜，即介绍话题。故选C。
2．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Just imagine. Instead of having to pick up your phone and look at the screen, all of the information you need simply appears just in front of you, in your glasses.”以及第三段“Smart glasses could also be used in industry.”可知，第二段和第三段主要讲的是智能眼镜可以被用在什么地方，即其应用场景。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据第二段“Instead of having to pick up your phone and look at the screen, all of the information you need simply appears just in front of you, in your glasses.”可知，A选项“你可以拿起手机看屏幕”不是智能眼镜的功能。故选A。
4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“So far, no one has invented a good way to send images (映像) of our world onto glasses.”可知，为了发明智能眼镜，将图像传送到眼镜上的技术需要改进。故选D。
5．推理判断题。根据最后一段“However, with the rapid development of technology, smart glasses could arrive much sooner than we think.”可推知，作者对智能眼镜的未来充满信心。故选B。
（2025·天津滨海新·一模）Let’s suppose it is a common day of 2060. Of course, things have changed and life is very different.
Trips to the moon are being made every day. Taking a holiday on the moon today is as easy as taking a holiday in Europe in the 2010s. At a number of scenic spots (风景胜地) on the moon, many hotels have been built. In order that everyone can enjoy the beautiful scenery on the moon, every room has at least one picture window. Everything imaginable is provided for entertainment of the young and old.
What are people eating now People are still eating food. But a lot of food now comes in pill (药片) form, and the food that goes into the pill comes mainly from green plants. Because people in the world today are much more than those about fifty years ago, most of the earth’s surface has to be filled. The deserts are irrigated with water and crops are no longer eaten by pests (害虫). The harvest is always good. Farming, of course, is very highly developed. Very few people have to work on the farms. It is possible to run the farms by just using a few computers.
People are now largely vegetarians (素食者) and they eat only bread, vegetables, fruit and so on and they don’t eat meat or fish. You see, as the number of people increases, the number of animals decreases. So people have to be vegetarians. We are healthier both in our bodies and in our minds, and we know how to deal with all kinds of illnesses. No one has to be ill any more.
1．What will be on the moon in 2060 according to the passage
A．Many green plants. B．Many wild animals.
C．Many interesting places. D．Many children and students.
2．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “irrigated”
A．冲刷 B．灌溉 C．淹没 D．排泄
3．Which of the following is TRUE
A．People only eat food in pill form. B．People don’t have any crops.
C．People run the farms by using high technology. D．The harvest is sometimes good.
4．Why do people have to be vegetarians in 2060
A．Because they want to be healthier.
B．Because vegetables can make the patients well.
C．Because there will be more people and fewer animals.
D．Because eating vegetables is good for our minds.
5．What attitude does the writer have towards the future life
A．He feels pretty hopeful about the future.
B．He is not very satisfied with some things of the future.
C．He seems really sad about what will happen in the future.
D．He is afraid of the future life.
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．A
【导语】本文主要描述了人类在2060年的生活。
1．细节理解题。根据“At a number of scenic spots (风景胜地) on the moon, many hotels have been built.”可知，月球上会有许多有趣的地方。故选C。
2．词句猜测题。根据“The deserts are irrigated with water and crops are no longer eaten by pests (害虫). The harvest is always good.”可知，沙漠得到灌溉，作物才能生长，才会有好收成，所以划线部分的含义是“灌溉”。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据“Very few people have to work on the farms. It is possible to run the farms by just using a few computers.”可知，人们通过高科技管理农场。故选C。
4．细节理解题。根据“You see, as the number of people increases, the number of animals decreases. So people have to be vegetarians.”可知，人们成为素食者的原因是人口增加，动物数量减少。故选C。
5．观点态度题。根据“Everything imaginable is provided for entertainment of the young and old.”、“The harvest is always good.”以及“Everything imaginable is provided for entertainment of the young and old.”并通读全文可知，作者描述了2060年生活的积极变化，如月球旅行、高科技农业、健康饮食等，表明作者对未来生活持乐观态度。故选A。
（24-25九年级下·天津·开学考试）Some people seem to have a knack (本领) for learning languages. They can pick up new vocabulary, master rules or grammar, and learn to write in the new language more quickly than others. They do not seem to be any more intelligent (聪明) than others, so what makes language learning so much easier for them Perhaps if we take a close look at these successful language learners, we may discover a few of the techniques (技巧) that make language easier for them.
First of all, successful language learners are independent learners. They do not depend on the book or the teacher; they discover their own way to learn the language. Instead of waiting for the teacher to explain, they try to find the patterns (模式) and the rules for themselves. They are good guessers who look for clues (线索) and form their own conclusions (结论). When they guess wrong, they guess again. They try to learn from mistakes.
Successful language learning is active learning. Therefore, successful learners do not wait for a chance to use the language; they look for such a chance. They find people who speak the language and they ask these people to correct them when they make a mistake. They will try anything to communicate. They are not afraid to repeat what they hear or to say strange things; they are willing to make mistakes and try again. When communication is difficult, they can accept information that is inexact or incomplete. It is more important for them to learn to think in the language than to know the meaning of every word.
Finally, successful language learners are learners with a purpose. They want to learn the language because they are interested in the language and the people who speak it. It is necessary for them to learn the language in order to communicate with these people and to learn from them. They find it easy to practice using the language regularly (有规律地) because they want to learn with it.
What kind of language learner are you If you are a successful language learner, you have probably been learning independently, actively, and purposefully (有意). On the other hand, if your language learning has been less than successful, you might as well try some of the techniques outlined (概述) above.
1．Successful language learners can ________ more quickly than others.
A．pick up new vocabulary B．master rules or grammar
C．learn to write in the new language D．all the above
2．Which kind of factor (因素) isn’t mentioned in the article as what makes language study easier
A．Intelligence. B．Independence.
C．Activeness. D．Learning with a purpose
3．Successful language learners depend on ________ to learn the language.
A．their teachers B．their parents C．books D．themselves
4．What does the underlined word “inexact” in Paragraph 3 mean ________.
A．correct B．active C．inaccurate D．interesting
5．Which of the following is correct to a successful language learner
A．They never make mistakes
B．It is boring to repeat what they hear or to say strange things.
C．They are fond of the language and the people who speak it.
D．Knowing the meaning of every word is the most important.
【答案】1．D 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．C
【导语】本文介绍了成功的语言学习者掌握语言的一些技巧，让语言学习不太成功的人参考。
1．细节理解题。根据“They can pick up new vocabulary, master rules or grammar, and learn to write in the new language more quickly than others.”可知，成功的语言学习者能比别人更快的学习新单词，掌握语法和用新语言习作。所以A、B、C选项都对。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据“They do not seem to be any more intelligent (聪明) than others, so what makes language learning so much easier for them ”可知，他们看起来并没有比别人聪明，且从下文介绍的技巧来看也没有智商这个选项。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据“First of all, successful language learners are independent learners. They do not depend on the book or the teacher; they discover their own way to learn the language.”可知，成功的语言学习者是独立的学习者，所以他们学习语言的时候依赖自己。故选D。
4．词义猜测题。根据“When communication is difficult, they can accept information that is inexact or incomplete.”可知，当沟通困难时，他们可以接受不准确或不完整的信息，单词“inexact”指的是“不准确的”，故选C。
5．细节理解题。根据“Finally, successful language learners are learners with a purpose. They want to learn the language because they are interested in the language and the people who speak it.”可知，成功的学习者对所学的语言和说那门语言的人很感兴趣。故选C。
（24-25九年级下·天津·开学考试）One day, you open the fridge and find some moldy (发霉的) food. But before you can throw it away, your mother stops you. She doesn’t want to waste food. She cuts off the moldy part and eats the rest. Is it safe to do this
Most kinds of mold (霉菌) are bad for us. It can grow on almost all kinds of food. Mold is usually green, white, black or grey. Mold makes food soft and changes its colour. Moldy food tastes quite bad and it’s not safe to eat. So how do you deal with this situation
If you find mold in soft food, just throw it away. Soft food, such as bread, tomatoes or hot dogs, usually has water. This allows mold to easily grow below its surface (表面) . Bacteria (细菌) can also grow along with it. It’s easy to take mold away from hard food. The mold can’t grow very deeply inside this kind of food. You should cut about 2. 5cm around and below the mold to take it away. It’s OK to cut the moldy parts out of hard food and eat the rest. But if the food is completely covered with mold, you should still throw it away.
But some kinds of mold have good influence. Some kinds of mold can be used to make food. For example, penicillium (青霉菌) can be used to make many different kinds of cheeses, such as blue cheese. These cheeses are safe to eat and they’re quite delicious as well.
1．How does the writer lead into the topic (话题) in Paragraph 1
A．By asking a question. B．By listing numbers.
C．By making a comparison. D．By giving an opinion.
2．How does mold influence food
A．It makes food smell bad. B．It makes food hard.
C．It changes food’s shape. D．It changes food’s colour.
3．How should you deal with a tomato when you find mold on it
A．Eat it directly. B．Throw it away.
C．Boil it and then eat it. D．Cut off the moldy part and eat the rest.
4．According to Paragraph 4, what can we know about the penicillium
A．They taste quite delicious. B．They can be used to make cheese.
C．They are bad for our health. D．They always grow on mold.
5．What’s the best title for the passage
A．How to eat healthily B．Bacteria in our life.
C．Mold around us. D．How to make food with mold
【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．B 5．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了怎样处理发霉的食物。
1．细节理解题。根据 “Is it safe to do this ”可知，作者以 “这样做安全吗？” 这个问题来引出话题。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据“Mold makes food soft and changes its colour. Moldy food tastes quite bad and it’s not safe to eat.” 可知，霉菌会使食物变软、改变食物的颜色，使食物味道变差。故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据“If you find mold in soft food, just throw it away. Soft food, such as bread, tomatoes or hot dogs...” 可知，西红柿属于软质食物，发现有霉菌时应该扔掉。故选B。
4．细节理解题。根据“For example, penicillium (青霉菌) can be used to make many different kinds of cheeses, such as blue cheese.” 可知，青霉菌可以用来制作奶酪。故选B。
5．最佳标题题。通读文章可知，文章主要讲述了生活中食物上的霉菌，包括霉菌对食物的影响、不同食物上有霉菌时的处理方式以及一些有积极作用的霉菌等，整体围绕着我们身边的霉菌展开，所以 Mold around us 是最合适的标题。故选C。
（2025·天津西青·一模）When a new cell phone starts to be sold in stores, many people rush out to buy one. We all want the newest, latest thing. But what should we do with our old cell phones
Mike Townsend works at Total Recall, a cell phone recycling company. “Don’t throw your old phone away. Send it to us and we’ll recycle it,” he says. “If you throw it away, it goes with other rubbish to become landfill. In other words, it is put in a big hole in the ground— and it becomes a big problem.”
Cell phones contain some toxic materials (有毒物质), like lead, mercury and cadmium. If your phone goes to a landfill, these toxic materials can get out and get into the water under the ground. That’s the water we want to drink or the water that goes into rivers or the ocean. Millions of cell phones are thrown away every year.
“At Total Recall, we take the old phones apart. Most of the materials in a cell phone can be recycled and used again,” explains Mike. “We sell the parts and they are used to make new products. For example, phone batteries contain nickel and cadmium. The nickel is used to make steel, and the cadmium can be used to make new batteries. The plastic cases of the phones are made into plastic fence posts.”
Mike says recycling your old phone is easy. “You can usually take it into a cell phone shop and they’ll send it to us.” So, before you throw your old cell phone away, use it one last time: search for a cell phone recycling company near you and give them a call.
1．Total Recall is a company which ________.
A．sells new cell phones B．recycles old cell phones
C．repairs old cell phones D．produces new cell phones
2．The underlined word landfill in the second paragraph probably means “________”.
A．an area of land where large amounts of rubbish are buried
B．an area of land that is higher than the land around it
C．something used for filling holes
D．something added to soil to make plants grow fast
3．What will happen if the old cell phones go to a landfill
A．They will make a big hole in the ground and cause a big problem.
B．A cell phone company will reuse them again.
C．They will be used to make new products in a short time.
D．Toxic materials will come out and get into the water under the ground.
4．The right ways to deal with the old cell phones are to ________.
①break the old phones into pieces ②take them into a cell phone shop
③throw them with other rubbish ④call for a cell phone recycling company
A．①② B．②③ C．①④ D．②④
5．Which is the best title for the passage above
A．Don’t use old cell phones B．Take care of old cell phones
C．New lives of old cell phones D．Changes of old cell phones
【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．D 5．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了如何处理旧手机的问题，强调了回收旧手机的重要性，并介绍了一家名为Total Recall的手机回收公司。
1．细节理解题。根据“Mike Townsend works at Total Recall, a cell phone recycling company.”可知，Total Recall是一家回收旧手机的公司。故选B。
2．词句猜测题。根据“If you throw it away, it goes with other rubbish to become landfill. In other words, it is put in a big hole in the ground— and it becomes a big problem.”可知，landfill是指埋藏大量垃圾的土地区域。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据“If your phone goes to a landfill, these toxic materials can get out and get into the water under the ground.”可知，旧手机被填埋后，有毒物质会渗出并进入地下水。故选D。
4．细节理解题。根据“You can usually take it into a cell phone shop and they’ll send it to us.”和“search for a cell phone recycling company near you and give them a call.”可知，处理旧手机的正确方式是将其带到手机店或联系手机回收公司。故选D。
5．最佳标题题。根据全文内容，文章主要讲述了如何正确处理旧手机以及旧手机回收后的新用途。故选C。
（2025·天津河东·模拟预测）No one knows how or why life began. We do know that life on Earth started at least 3.8billion years ago. Some scientists think life began in a rock pool or in the ocean. Others think it may have started in space.
As far as we know, Earth is the only place where life is found. Wherever we look on our planet, some simple life forms make a home. Plants and animals need sunlight and water to grow. Until the 1970s, scientists thought that life only existed (存在) near Earth’s surface (表面).
Since then, people found bacteria (细菌) several kilometers under the ground inside rock. They live in the rock. People also found them in the freezing cold of Antarctica (南极洲), and near hot springs in the ocean. Some can even survive in highly radioactive (放射性的) places.
Could life start and survive on other worlds The most likely place in our solar system is Mars.
1．Scientists think life may be found in the following except ________.
A．in a rock pool B．in the ocean C．on the moon D．on Mars
2．What does the second paragraph mainly tell us
A．As we know, Earth is the only place for life now.
B．Bacteria were not found on Earth until 1970s.
C．Life on Earth started at least 3.8 billion years ago.
D．Bacteria live in the rock.
3．What does the underlined word “survive” mean in Chinese
A．受伤 B．存活 C．避免 D．灭绝
4．Which is NOT right according to the passage
A．Mars is the most likely place for life to start in the solar system.
B．Water is Important for living things.
C．Life on Earth started at least 3.8 billion years ago.
D．Scientists know why life began.
5．What is the best title for the passage
A．Animals on Earth. B．Life on Mars.
C．Life on Earth. D．Plants on Mars.
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，探讨了地球生命的起源不确定性、生命存在的广泛性，以及火星作为太阳系内潜在生命存在地的可能性，最终强调地球是目前唯一已知存在生命的星球。
1．细节理解题。根据原文第一段“Some scientists think life began in a rock pool or in the ocean...Others think it may have started in space”和第四段“The most likely place in our solar system is Mars”可知，本文未提到月球，故选C。
2．主旨大意题。第二段首句“As far as we know, Earth is the only place where life is found”点明核心，后文举例说明生命存在范围广，但均在地球上，故选A。
3．词句猜测题。根据“Some can even survive in highly radioactive places”可知，有些细菌甚至能在强放射性环境中存活，结合选项，“存活”最符合语境，故选B。
4．细节理解题。根据首句“No one knows how or why life began”可知，没有人知道生命是如何开始的，选项D“科学家知道生命起源原因”与原文不符，故选D。
5．最佳标题题。全文围绕地球生命的起源、存在范围及可能的其他星球展开，核心是地球生命的多样性，选项C“地球上的生命”符合，故选C。
