完形填空15篇 高一下 期中考
真题+模拟
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、 真题专区 Passage 1 - 5
二、 模拟训练 Passage 6 -15
Passage 1
（23-24高一下·广东深圳·期中）At time of crisis, we tend to turn inward. It seems like feeling better and 1 putting our own needs first. But science suggests that these self-care tendencies are 2 . In fact, the best way to 3 your own self-care is to provide other-care.
Research shows that we get 4 from doing nice things for other people. The people who self-report being happiest 5 those in need — they donate (捐献) more of their time and money to charity and 6 acts of kindness. So why not improve your mental 7 by doing something good for another person If you are working 8 , stop driving your car and donate the money saved on gas to a charity. Or just check in with a friend who is 9 .
But do be 10 to yourself as well. The season of new year’s resolutions can be a time when it is easy to beat yourself up. We 11 ourselves by reflecting on how badly we have done in the past year. But research shows that severe self-criticism and unrealistic 12 will make you give up before you even begin. A better 13 for the new year is to extend yourself some kindness. It means 14 that you are human and you are doing the best you can in hard times.
The tips won’t make the 15 of the new year disappear, but these practices can boost your mood and give you a bit more happiness.
1. A．avoids B．allows C．risks D．requires
2. A．wrong B．secret C．natural D．scientific
3. A．value B．regard C．promote D．review
4. A．freedom B．wealth C．assistance D．happiness
5. A．agree with B．focus on C．come across D．stand for
6. A．refer to B．engage in C．turn down D．cut off
7. A．activity B．process C．health D．attention
8. A．originally B．previously C．daily D．remotely
9. A．struggling B．attacking C．whispering D．complaining
10. A．honest B．clear C．polite D．kind
11. A．protect B．express C．shame D．train
12. A．expectations B．forecasts C．presentations D．opportunities
13. A．freedom B．choice C．occasion D．damage
14. A．ignoring B．remembering C．suggesting D．reporting
15. A．decisions B．benefits C．challenges D．differences
【答案】
1. D 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. B 6. B 7. C 8. D 9. A 10. D 11. C 12. A 13. B 14. B 15. C
【导语】这是一篇议论文，主要讲的是研究表明，我们从为他人做好事中获得快乐，同时，也要善待自己。
1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这似乎感觉更好，需要把我们自己的需求放在第一位。A. avoids避免；B. allows允许；C. risks冒险；D. requires需要。根据上文“turn inward”和下文“putting our own needs first”可知，关注内在需要把我们自己的需求放在第一位。故选D。
2. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但科学表明，这种自我照顾的倾向是错误的。A. wrong错误的；B. secret秘密的；C. natural自然的；D. scientific科学的。根据下文“the best way to ____3____ your own self-care is to provide other-care”可知，这些自我照顾的倾向是错误的。故选A。
3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，促进自我照顾的最好方法是提供他人照顾。A. value重视；B. regard看待；C. promote促进；D. review回顾。根据下文“your own self-care”以及下文提到对别人的善意可以让自己快乐可知，促进自我照顾的最好方法就是提供他人的照顾。故选C。
4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：研究表明，我们从为别人做好事中获得快乐。A. freedom自由；B. wealth财富；C. assistance帮助；D. happiness快乐。根据下文“The people who self-report being happiest”可知，我们从为别人做好事中获得快乐，故选D。
5. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：那些自称最快乐的人关注的是那些需要帮助的人——他们会把更多的时间和金钱捐给慈善机构，做更多的善事。A. agree with同意；B. focus on关注，集中注意力于；C. come across偶然遇见；D. stand for代表。根据下文“they donate (捐献) more of their time and money to charity”可知，自称最快乐的人关注的是那些需要帮助的人。故选B。
6. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：同上。A. refer to指的是；B. engage in参加，从事；C. turn down拒绝；D. cut off切断。根据上文“they donate (捐献) more of their time and money to charity”可知，他们会把更多的时间和金钱捐给慈善机构，做善事，空格处意为“从事于”。故选B。
7. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以为什么不通过为别人做点好事来改善你的心理健康呢？A. activity活动；B. process过程；C. health健康；D. attention注意力。上文提到我们从帮助别人中得到快乐，此处表示“所以为什么不为别人做点好事来改善你的心理健康呢？”故选C。
8. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果你是远距离去工作，停止开车，把省下的油钱捐给慈善机构。A. originally原来，起初；B. previously以前；C. daily每天；D. remotely远程地。根据“stop driving your car”可知，开车说明是远距离工作，故选D。
9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：或者只是问问正在挣扎的朋友。A. struggling挣扎，艰难地进行；B. attacking攻击；C. whispering耳语；D. complaining抱怨。根据上文“doing something good for another person”可知，此处是列举一些善举，表示“和正在挣扎的朋友联系一下”，故选A。
10. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但也要善待自己。A. honest诚实的；B. clear清楚的；C. polite礼貌的；D. kind友善的。根据下文“extend yourself some kindness”可知，此处表示要善待自己。故选D。
11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们反省过去一年做得有多糟糕，让自己感到羞愧。A. protect保护；B. express表达；C. shame使羞愧；D. train训练。根据“by reflecting on how badly we have done in the past year”和“self-criticism”可知，回顾过去一年的糟糕表现，我们感到羞愧。故选C。
12. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但研究表明，严厉的自我批评和不切实际的期望会让你在开始之前就放弃了。A. expectations期望；B. forecasts预测；C. presentations演示，提交；D. opportunities机会。上文“The season of new year’s resolutions can be a time when it is easy to beat yourself up.(新年决心的季节很容易让你打败自己)”提到新年决心，此处表示不切实际的期望。故选A。
13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：新年更好的选择是善待自己。A. freedom自由；B. choice选择；C. occasion场合；D. damage损坏，破坏。根据下文“is to extend yourself some kindness”可知，句子表示“在新的一年里，更好的选择是向自己表达一些善意”。故选B。
14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这意味着要记住你是人，在困难时期你在尽你所能。A. ignoring忽视；B. remembering记住；C. suggesting建议；D. reporting报道。上文提到严厉的自我批评和不切实际的期望容易让人放弃，要善待自己，结合下文“that you are human and you are doing the best you can in hard times”可知，此处表示“这意味着你要记住，你也是人，在困难时期你尽了自己最大的努力”。故选B。
15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些建议不会让新年的挑战消失，但这些做法可以改善你的情绪，给你更多的快乐。A. decisions决定；B. benefits好处；C. challenges挑战；D. differences差异。根据上文“The season of new year’s resolutions can be a time when it is easy to beat yourself up.(新年决心的季节很容易让你打败自己)”可知，此处指新年时面临的挑战。故选C。
Passage 2
（23-24高一下·广东深圳·期中）A baby giraffe born with a leg abnormality has been fitted with special leg braces (支架) to help her walk.
The giraffe is named Msituni. She 1 from a condition called carpal hypertension (腕骨高血压). It affected the young animal’s front legs, which was especially 2 to a giraffe. The abnormality was putting a lot of 3 on her joints and bones. Zoo workers 4 that she could die if they did not quickly correct the 5 . This is because it could 6 the giraffe from getting food and from being able to walk around.
Zoo officials called in experts to treat the giraffe. The medical team had a lot of 7 fitting people with braces to correct leg problems. But they had 8 treated an animal before. Ara Mirzaian was a member of the medical team. He found the situation strange and 9 went online to start learning as much as possible about giraffes.
The team 10 models of the giraffe’s legs. It took the team about a week to produce the braces, which were made of a material called carbon graphite (碳石墨). After 10 days in the special brace, the problem was 11 . In total, Msituni was in braces for 39 days from the day she was born. She 12 in the animal hospital the whole time.
Mirzaian said he planned to 13 a picture in his office of the baby giraffe wearing her special brace so that the children he treats might be 14 to wear their own braces. “It was the coolest thing to see an animal like that walk in a brace,” he said. “It feels 15 to know we saved a giraffe’s life.”
1. A．heard B．recovered C．suffered D．graduated
2. A．dangerous B．urgent C．extinct D．natural
3. A．energy B．equipment C．medicine D．pressure
4. A．promised B．complained C．feared D．suggested
5. A．condition B．mistake C．habit D．judgement
6. A．separate B．protect C．save D．prevent
7. A．expectation B．reaction C．experience D．preference
8. A．often B．never C．only D．almost
9. A．immediately B．gradually C．luckily D．actually
10. A．created B．purchased C．measured D．displayed
11. A．discovered B．fixed C．raised D．hidden
12. A．screamed B．jogged C．performed D．stayed
13. A．put up B．give way to C．pick out D．stir up
14. A．allowed B．forced C．inspired D．invited
15. A．fortunate B．great C．enthusiastic D．regretful
【答案】
1. C 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. B 6. D 7. C 8. B 9. A 10. A 11. B 12. D 13. A 14. C 15. B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一只名叫Msituni的小长颈鹿，由于先天性的腿部畸形，接受了特殊的腿部支架治疗，最终能够行走的故事。
1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这只长颈鹿名为Msituni，她患有一种叫做腕骨高血压的疾病。A. heard听到；B. recovered恢复；C. suffered遭受；D. graduated毕业。根据下文“a condition called carpal hypertension”可知，Msituni患有疾病，也就是因为疾病遭受苦难，故答案是C。
2. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种疾病影响了这只年轻动物的前腿，这对长颈鹿来说尤其危险。A. dangerous危险的；B. urgent紧急的；C. extinct灭绝的；D. natural自然的。根据上文“It affected the young animal’s front legs”可知，影响前腿对长颈鹿来说是一种危险，故答案是A。
3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种异常给她的关节和骨骼带来了很大的压力。A. energy能量；B. equipment设备；C. medicine药物；D. pressure压力。根据上文“The abnormality”可知，疾病带来的是身体上的负担，也就是压力，故答案是D。
4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：动物园工作人员担心，如果不迅速纠正这个错误，她可能会死亡。A. promised承诺；B. complained抱怨；C. feared害怕；D. suggested建议。根据下文“she could die”可知，工作人员对长颈鹿的健康状况感到担忧，因为它有可能会因此死亡，故答案是C。
5. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是因为如果不纠正这个错误，它可能会阻止长颈鹿获取食物和四处走动。A. condition状况；B. mistake错误；C. habit习惯；D. judgement判断。根据上文“did not quickly correct”可知，需要纠正的是之前的错误，故答案是B。
6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是因为如果不纠正这个错误，它可能会阻止长颈鹿获取食物和四处走动。A. separate分离；B. protect保护；C. save节省；D. prevent阻止。根据下文“from getting food and from being able to walk around”可知，错误会导致长颈鹿无法正常生活，prevent from也是一个固定搭配，符合语境，故答案是D。
7. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：医疗团队有很多给人装支架治疗腿部问题的经验。A. expectation期望；B. reaction反应；C. experience经验；D. preference偏好。根据上文“called in experts”可知，动物园官方请来了专家团队，团队在治疗腿部问题上有很多经验，故答案是C。
8. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：但他们从未治疗过动物。A. often经常；B. never从未；C. only只；D. almost几乎。根据上文“But”可知，团队之前有很多治疗人类的经验，但是却没有治疗动物的经验，故答案是B。
9. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：Ara Mirzaian是医疗团队的一名成员。他发现这种情况很奇怪，并立即开始尽可能多地在线学习有关长颈鹿的知识。A. immediately立即；B. gradually逐渐；C. luckily幸运地；D. actually实际上。根据上文“He found the situation strange”可知，Ara Mirzaian对这种情况感到奇怪，于是就迅速采取行动，故答案是A。
10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：团队为长颈鹿的腿部创建了模型。A. created创建；B. purchased购买；C. measured测量；D. displayed展示。根据上文“models of the giraffe’s legs”可知，团队制作了长颈鹿腿部的模型，故答案是A。
11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在特殊的支架中10天后，问题被解决了。A. discovered发现；B. fixed修复；C. raised提高；D. hidden隐藏。根据上文“the problem”可知，支架治疗后问题自然是得到了解决，故答案是B。
12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：从她出生的那天起，Msituni总共在支架中待了39天。她在动物医院里待了整个时间。A. screamed尖叫；B. jogged慢跑；C. performed表演；D. stayed停留。根据下文“in the animal hospital”可知，Msituni在医院中度过了整个治疗期，因为它需要接受治疗，肯定不可以随意跑动，故答案是D。
13. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：Mirzaian说他打算在他的办公室里挂上这只穿着特殊支架的长颈鹿的照片。A. put up挂起；B. give way to让步；C. pick out挑选；D. stir up激起。根据下文“a picture in his office”可知，Mirzaian想要在办公室里挂上照片，故答案是A。
14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这样他治疗的孩子们可能会被激励去穿他们自己的支架。A. allowed允许；B. forced强迫；C. inspired激励；D. invited邀请。根据下文“It was the coolest thing to see an animal like that walk in a brace”可知，他认为动物带着支架走路很酷，所以他悬挂照片的作用是激励孩子们，也可以尝试他们的支架，故答案是C。
15. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“看到那样的动物穿着支架走路是最棒的事情，”他说。“知道我们救了一只长颈鹿的生命感觉很棒。” A. fortunate幸运的；B. great伟大的；C. enthusiastic热情的；D. regretful遗憾的。根据上文“It was the coolest thing”可知，Mirzaian对于救助长颈鹿感到非常自豪和高兴，他认为这是最酷的事情，也就是很伟大的事情，故答案是B。
Passage 3
（23-24高一下·广东深圳·期中）I’m now the cook and owner of a restaurant. Nothing in my early years led me to 1 my life would connect to food and cooking deeply. My family did eat together often: we had a 2 that my grandmother cooked the weekly big meal on weekends, but food was hardly the 3 of my family’s story. After I entered college. I was still 4 about what I wanted to do. I was “supposed” to 5 my family, getting a degree in medicine at graduate school or something similar.
When accepting the job assisting cooks after finishing college, I just 6 to pay my rent. That didn’t 7 any big life plans. However, as I worked longer, the food world showed me amazing 8 .
Too little salt, and a dish is 9 to be “tastelss”. A bit lemon juice helps prevent cut apples and peaches from turning brown and 10 their appealing colors. The lesson that small things matter reminds me to never 11 tiny stuff in all parts of life.
Also, working with food teaches me to really taste, smell and touch. I learn to observe my 12 , watching ways birds land, the growth of trees along roads… and 13 wonders in everyday life. 14 , I head down my own path, which is 15 from going to medical school as my parents did, but gives my life purpose and direction.
1. A．wonder B．expect C．doubt D．admit
2. A．suggestion B．pleasure C．tradition D．desire
3. A．center B．trouble C．witness D．secret
4. A．sensitive B．passive C．unconcerned D．unclear
5. A．sponsor B．company C．follow D．urge
6. A．happened B．intended C．managed D．promised
7. A．inspire B．affect C．replace D．prevent
8. A．opportunity B．wisdom C．memories D．skills
9. A．easy B．fit C．true D．sure
10. A．preserve B．hide C．restore D．change
11. A．worry B．forgive C．justify D．ignore
12. A．decisions B．improvements C．surroundings D．differences
13. A．keep away B．end up C．suffer from D．come across
14. A．Even so B．Above all C．Therefore D．Anyway
15. A．free B．absent C．different D．far
【答案】
1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. C 6. B 7. A 8. B 9. D 10. A 11. D 12. C 13. D 14. B 15. C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了食物和烹饪的智慧以及烹饪对作者的影响。
1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我年轻的时候，没有什么能让我预料我的生活与食物和烹饪有深刻的联系。A. wonder想知道；B. expect预料；C. doubt怀疑；D. admit承认。根据后文“I was ‘supposed’ to ___5___ my family, getting a degree in medicine at graduate school or something similar.”可知，作者从没预料到会与食物和烹饪结缘。故选B项。
2. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的家人确实经常在一起吃饭：我们有一个传统，我的祖母在周末做每周的大餐，但食物并不是我们家庭故事的中心。A. suggestion建议；B. pleasure高兴；C. tradition传统；D. desire欲望。根据后文“that my grandmother cooked the weekly big meal on weekends”可知，祖母在周末做每周的大餐是作者家里的传统。故选C项。
3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. center中心；B. trouble麻烦；C. witness目击者；D. secret秘密。根据前文“but”的转折和“I was ‘supposed’ to ___5___ my family, getting a degree in medicine at graduate school or something similar.”可知，祖母会在周末做大餐，但食物不是我们家故事的中心。故选A项。
4. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我仍然不清楚我想做什么。A. sensitive敏感的；B. passive被动的；C. unconcerned不关心的；D. unclear不清楚的，不确定的。根据后文“I was ‘supposed’ to ___5___ my family, getting a degree in medicine at graduate school or something similar.”可知，作者对自己想做什么很迷茫。故选D项。
5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我“应该”效仿我的家人，在研究生院获得医学学位或类似的学位。A. sponsor赞助；B. company陪伴；C. follow跟随，效仿；D. urge敦促，催促。根据后文“my family”以及“getting a degree in medicine at graduate school or something similar”可知，作者迷茫职业的时候，认为自己或许应该跟随家人的脚步去学医。故选C项。
6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我大学毕业后接受了厨师助理的工作时，我只是想付房租。A. happened发生；B. intended计划，打算；C. managed设法做到；D. promised承诺。根据前文“accepting the job assisting cooks”和后文“to pay my rent”可知，作者接受助理厨师的工作是想要付房租。故选B项。
7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这并没有激励我有什么远大的人生计划。A. inspire激励；B. affect影响；C. replace代替；D. prevent阻止。根据前文“I just ___6___ to pay my rent”和后文“any big life plans”可知，作者接受助理厨师的工作是想要付房租，并没有激励自己有什么远大理想。故选A项。
8. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，随着工作时间的延长，美食世界给我展示了惊人的智慧。A. opportunity机会；B. wisdom智慧；C. memories记忆；D. skills技能。根据常识和下一段中“The lesson that small things matter reminds me to never ___11___ tiny stuff in all parts of life.”等内容可知，食品让作者感悟到人生智慧。故选B项。
9. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：盐太少，菜肯定是“无味”的。A. easy容易的；B. fit适合的；C. true真的；D. sure确定的。根据常识和前文“Too little salt”可知，盐少了，菜一定是没味的。故选D项。
10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一点柠檬汁可以防止切开的苹果和桃子变成棕色，保持它们诱人的颜色。A. preserve保持，维持；B. hide隐藏；C. restore恢复；D. change改变。根据前文“A bit lemon juice helps prevent cut apples and peaches from turning brown”和后文“their appealing colors”可知，一点柠檬汁让可以防止切开的苹果和桃子氧化变成棕色，从而保持苹果和桃子诱人的颜色。故选A项。
11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：小事情很重要这个教训提醒我永远不要忽视生活中方方面面的小事。A. worry担心；B. forgive原谅；C. justify证明正当；D. ignore忽视，忽略。根据语境和前文“small things matter”可知，小事也是很重要的，这提醒作者不要忽略生活各方面的小事。故选D项。
12. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我学会观察周围的环境，观察鸟儿降落的方式，道路两旁树木的生长……在日常生活中发现奇迹。A. decisions决定；B. improvements改善；C. surroundings环境；D. differences不同。根据后文“watching ways birds land, the growth of trees along roads… and ___13___ wonders in everyday life”可知，这些都是周围环境。故选C项。
13. 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：同上。A. keep away远离；B. end up结束；C. suffer from遭受；D. come across偶然遇到。根据前文“watching ways birds land, the growth of trees along roads”和后文“wonders”可知，作者偶遇生活中的奇迹。故选D项。
14. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：最重要的是，我走自己的路，这与我父母上医学院不同，但它给了我人生的目标和方向。A. Even so即使如此；B. Above all最重要的是；C. Therefore因此；D. Anyway无论怎样。根据前文“Also, working with food teaches me to really taste, smell and touch.”和后文“I head down my own path, which is ___15___ from going to medical school as my parents did, but gives my life purpose and direction.”可知，作者在讲述自己从事厨师职业的感悟，得出最重要的结论。故选B项。
15. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. free自由的；B. absent缺席的；C. different不同的；D. far远的。根据第一段中“I’m now the cook and owner of a restaurant.”可知，作者是一名厨师，和父母上医学院明显不同。故选C项。
Passage 4
（23-24高一下·广东深圳·期中）Jamil Jan Kochai moved to America from Afghanistan at age one. At home, his family only spoke Pashto (普什图语), so when he reached first grade in an English-speaking school, he was 1 at a loss.
Then came Ms. Lung, Kochai’s second-grade teacher, who quickly realized that Kochai was 2 hard at school. Nearly every day after school, Lung would give Kochai 3 lessons on reading and writing. By the end of the year, Kochai had learned to read and write, and even won the first prize in the school reading competition.
Sadly, Kochai 4 the teacher after his family moved several times. “I tried everything to find Ms. Lung, but all proved 5 ,” he explained. “The 6 was that I didn’t know her first name. She’d always just been Ms. Lung to me.”
In the meantime, Kochai was starting to go after a successful career in writing. He has received many writing 7 . But he never gave up 8 Ms. Lung.
Two years ago, Lung’s husband, Allen Lung, happened to read an article Kochai wrote for a literary magazine that 9 Ms. Lung. He then 10 Kochai through Facebook.
Allen Lung asked Kochai if he wanted to speak with his 11 that same night. Because of the pandemic (疫情) they were only able to 12 each other, but Kochai was excited. This was the moment he had been waiting for years.
Kochai cried when he heard his teacher’s voice. He told Ms. Lung everything he had achieved was all thanks to her. They planned to meet 13 at some point in the future.
However, that moment didn’t come until August 13, 2023, when Kochai was doing a book signing event for his new novel. Allen approached Kochai, introduced himself, and brought him over to reunite with Ms. Lung. “I didn’t know why I didn’t see her 14 , since Ms. lung is sitting in the front row. It has been 22 years since I saw her last time,” Kochai said.
“My father used to say that every child is a rocket filled with 15 and all they need is a single spark (火花) to lift off into the sky,” Kochai said. “Ms. Lung was my spark.”
1. A．hardly B．gradually C．possibly D．completely
2. A．playing B．preparing C．struggling D．exercising
3. A．extra B．difficult C．boring D．simple
4. A．lost touch with B．showed respect to C．kept up with D．got close to
5. A．correct B．practical C．fruitless D．risky
6. A．plan B．problem C．benefit D．report
7. A．instruments B．tips C．materials D．prizes
8. A．caring for B．searching for C．picking out D．cheering up
9. A．blamed B．examined C．amused D．mentioned
10. A．trained B．admired C．charged D．contacted
11. A．wife B．cousin C．niece D．daughter
12. A．receive B．call C．consult D．teach
13. A．in order B．in general C．in person D．in case
14. A．earlier B．later C．closer D．farther
15. A．air B．water C．fuel D．paper
【答案】
1. D 2. C 3. A 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. D 8. B 9. D 10. D 11. A 12. B 13. C 14. A 15. C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Jamil Jan Kochai随家人从阿富汗移民到美国后，有幸得到小学老师Ms. Lung的帮助，多年后成为一名作家的Kochai在一次新书签售活动上与老师Ms. Lung再次重逢的故事。
1. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：在家里，他的家人只说普什图语，所以当他在一所英语学校上一年级时，他完全不知所措。A. hardly几乎不；B. gradually逐渐地；C. possibly可能地；D. completely完全地。根据上文中的“At home, his family only spoke Pashto (普什图语), so when he reached first grade in an English-speaking school,”可知，只说普什图语的Kochai到一所英语学校，由此可知，由于语言问题，她应该是“完全”不知所措。故选D项。
2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，Kochai的二年级老师Ms. Lung来了，她很快意识到Kochai在学校里苦苦挣扎。A. playing玩；B. preparing准备；C. struggling挣扎；D. exercising锻炼。根据上文中的“At home, his family only spoke Pashto (普什图语), so when he reached first grade in an English-speaking school, he was ___1___ at a loss.”可知，Kochai在英语学校因为语言问题完全不知所措，由此可知，他的老师意识到他在学校里苦苦“挣扎”符合语境。故选C项。
3. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几乎每天放学后，Ms. Lung都会给Kochai额外上阅读和写作课。A. extra额外的；B. difficult困难的；C. boring无聊的；D. simple简单的。根据常识和上文“every day after school”以及下文中的“By the end of the year, Kochai had learned to read and write, and even won the first prize in the school reading competition.”可知，在年底的时候，Kochai已经学会了阅读和写作，甚至在学校的阅读比赛中获得了第一名，由此可推断，每天放学后Ms. Lung应是给Kochai补课，所以此处应为“额外的”符合语境。故选A项。
4. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：可悲的是，在他的家人搬了几次家后，Kochai与老师失去了联系。A. lost touch with与……失去联系；B. showed respect to尊重；C. kept up with跟上；D. got close to接近。根据上文中的“Sadly”和下文“after his family moved several times. I tried everything to find Ms. Lung”可知，Kochai搬了几次家，并且想尽一切办法去找Ms. Lung，由此可推断，Kochai与老师“失去了联系”符合语境。故选A项。
5. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我想尽一切办法找Ms. Lung，但一切都是徒劳，”他解释说。A. correct正确的；B. practical实际的；C. fruitless徒劳的；D. risky有风险的。根据上文中的“I tried everything to find Ms. Lung”以及but和下文中的“The problem was that I didn’t know her first name. She’d always just been Ms. Lung to me.”可知，由于不知道Ms. Lung的名字，Kochai想尽一切办法去找Ms. Lung，但最终应该是“徒劳的”符合语境。故选C项。
6. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：问题是我不知道她的名字。A. plan计划；B. problem问题；C. benefit益处，好处；D. report报道。根据语境和下文中的表语从句“that I didn’t know her first name.”可知，Kochai在寻找老师Ms. Lung，所以，不知道老师的名字应该是一个“问题”符合语境。故选B项。
7. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他获得过许多写作奖。A. instruments乐器；B. tips提示；C. materials材料；D. prizes奖。根据上文中的“go after a successful career in writing”可知，Kochai在写作事业上很成功，由此可知，他获得许多写作“奖”符合语境。故选D项。
8. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：但他从未放弃寻找Ms. Lung。A. caring for照顾；B. searching for寻找；C. picking out挑出；D. cheering up振奋。根据上文““I tried everything to find Ms. Lung, but all proved ___5___ ,” he explained.”和“But he never gave up”可知，Kochai想尽办法在寻找Ms. Lung，由此可知，此处指的是Kochai从来没有放弃“寻找”Ms. Lung符合语境。故选B项。
9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：两年前，Lung的丈夫Allen Lung碰巧读到Kochai为一本文学杂志写的一篇文章，文中提到了Lung。A. blamed责备；B. examined检查；C. amused娱乐；D. mentioned提到。根据下文“Two years ago, Lung’s husband, Allen Lung, happened to read an article Kochai wrote for a literary magazine”可知，Ms. Lung的丈夫碰巧读到Kochai为一本文学杂志写的一篇文章，结合下文中的“Allen Lung asked Kochai if he wanted to speak with”可推知，Allen Lung读到的文章中应该是“提到”Ms. Lung，所以他才会询问Kochai。故选D项。
10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他通过Facebook联系了Kochai。A. trained训练；B. admired钦佩；C. charged收费；D. contacted联系。根据下文中的“through Facebook”以及“Allen Lung asked Kochai if he wanted to speak with”可知，Allen Lung通过Facebook询问Kochai，由此可推断，此处指的是Allen Lung“联系”了Kochai。故选D项。
11. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同一天晚上，Allen Lung问Kochai是否想和他的妻子谈谈。A. wife妻子；B. cousin表亲；C. niece侄女；D. daughter女儿。根据上文中的“Two years ago, Lung’s husband, Allen Lung, happened to read an article Kochai wrote for a literary magazine”可知，Ms. Lung的丈夫Allen Lung碰巧读到Kochai为一本文学杂志写的一篇文章，由此可知Ms. Lung是Allen Lung的“妻子”。故选A项。
12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于疫情，他们只能互相打电话，但Kochai很兴奋。A. receive接收；B. call打电话；C. consult咨询；D. teach教授。根据上文中的“Because of the pandemic (疫情)”和下文“Kochai cried when he heard his teacher’s voice.”可知，因为疫情不能见面，只能“打电话”符合语境。故选B项。
13. 考查介词短语辨析。句意：他们计划在未来的某个时候亲自见面。A. in order有秩序地；B. in general总的来说；C. in person亲自；D. in case以免。根据下文中的“However, that moment didn’t come until August 13, 2023, when Kochai was doing a book signing event for his new novel. Allen approached Kochai, introduced himself, and brought him over to reunite with Ms. Lung.”可知，那个伟大的时刻在2023年8月3日到来了，当时科查伊正在为他的新小说举行签售会，Allen把Kochai带过来与Kochai团聚，由此可知，此处指的是他们约定“亲自”见面，符合语境。故选C项。
14. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我不知道为什么我没有早点看到她，因为Ms. Lung坐在第一排。A. earlier更早；B. later更晚；C. closer更近；D. farther更远。根据下文“since Ms. lung is sitting in the front row.”可知，Lung老师坐在签售会的第一排，所以Kochai觉得自己本应该“早点”看到她。故选A项。
15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我父亲曾经说过，每个孩子都是一枚装满燃料的火箭，他们只需要一点火花就能飞向天空。A. air空气；B. water水；C. fuel燃料；D. paper纸。根据上文中的“a rocket”以及下文中的“all they need is a single spark (火花) to lift off into the sky”可知，他们所需要的是一点火花就能飞向天空，由此可知，此处是把孩子比作装满“燃料”的火箭。故选C项。
Passage 5
（23-24高一下·广东深圳·期中）On a Sunny Saturday, Alyson Machigua, three, screamed with laughter as she and her mother, Marlen, played a game in the front yard of their home. Suddenly, tiny Alyson 1 the backyard of a neighbor. About half way across the yard, Alyson disappeared, seeming swallowed (吞没) by a hardly 2 opening in the ground, which meant the opening was not easy to find. Marlen cried loudly for help.
The neighbour Luz Jimenez, 26, was preparing dinner in her kitchen and 3 the cries were the sounds of children playing. However, when she ran outside anyway, she found Marlen 4 and dialing 911.
“Alyson fell into the hole!” Marlen cried to Luz. Then Luz heard Alyson’s cries from deep underground. Luz ran inside her own 5 and down to the basement for a gray rope to drop into the hole. Back in the yard, she used her hands to dig the hole, 6 the opening. When the policeman Aaron Perkins arrived a few minutes later, Luz was in the hole up to her 7 .
“Get out of there,” Perkins told Luz, raising her up by the 8 . “It’s dangerous for you.” “It’s more dangerous for the baby,” Luz said. “She’s going to 9 .” After Perkins tied one end of the rope to a tree, Luz lowered 10 , little by little, down the 15-foot-deep hole. Below, she saw water covering the floor of the hole. Alyson’s neck was covered. Luz dropped the remaining few feet into the water beside the baby. “Everything is going to be fine,” she told the little girl. “Don’t worry.”
As they waited for help in the two feet of dark water, Luz prayed that there were no snakes swimming at her feet. She 11 nothing more than snakes. Aboveground (在地面上), Perkins talked to Luz, keeping her 12 .
Just minutes later, the Hacketts-town Fire Department and Hacketts-town Rescue Team arrived and lowered a 13 into the hole. Luz climbed up with Alyson in her arms, and then handed her over to her mother. Emergency workers rushed the baby to an ambulance, 14 her clothes to survey the injury. Alyson was scared and covered in dirt but 15 , she was uninjured. Luz saved the baby’s life.
1. A．depended on B．wondered at C．moved into D．left behind
2. A．visible B．dark C．deep D．regular
3. A．announced B．guessed C．forgot D．reported
4. A．exercising B．joking C．wandering D．sobbing
5. A．house B．bank C．bookstore D．kindergarten
6. A．filling B．covering C．widening D．narrowing
7. A．table B．feet C．chair D．waist
8. A．ears B．arms C．noses D．eyes
9. A．die B．cry C．lose D．arrive
10. A．another B．him C．those D．herself
11. A．requested B．defended C．attacked D．feared
12. A．humorous B．calm C．upset D．busy
13. A．case B．bag C．ladder D．basket
14. A．tearing off B．pulling on C．cutting out D．complaining about
15. A．naturally B．typically C．originally D．incredibly
【答案】
1. C 2. A 3. B 4. D 5. A 6. C 7. D 8. B 9. A 10. D 11. D 12. B 13. C 14. A 15. D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要描述了一位三岁女孩Alyson在玩耍时不慎掉入邻居家的后院地洞中，母亲Marlen发现后大声呼救。邻居Luz听到呼声后及时前来帮助，最终成功将Alyson救出。在救援过程中，Luz冒着危险亲自下到地洞里将Alyson抱出，最终孩子平安无事。
1. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：突然，Alyson进入了邻居的后院。A. depended on依赖于；B. wondered at对……感到惊讶；C. moved into进入；D. left behind留下来。根据“the backyard of a neighbor”可知，Alyson进入了邻居的后院。故选C。
2. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大约在院子的中间，Alyson消失了，似乎被地上一个几乎看不见的开口吞没了，这意味着这个开口不容易找到。A. visible可见的；B. dark黑暗的；C. deep深的；D. regular规律的。根据“which meant the opening was not easy to find.”可知，Alyson似乎被地上一个几乎看不见的开口吞没了。故选A。
3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：26岁的邻居Luz Jimenez当时正在厨房准备晚餐，她猜测这些哭声是孩子们玩耍的声音。A. announced宣布；B. guessed猜测；C. forgot忘记；D. reported报告。根据“the cries were the sounds of children playing”可知，邻居Luz Jimenez猜测这些哭声是孩子们玩耍时发出的声音。故选B。
4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，当她跑到外面时，她发现Marlen正在哭泣并拨打911。A. exercising锻炼；B. joking开玩笑；C. wandering游荡；D. sobbing哭泣。根据“Marlen cried loudly for help.”可知，Marlen正在哭泣。故选D。
5. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Luz跑进自己的房子，下到地下室找一根灰色的绳子来放进洞里。A. house房子；B. bank银行；C. bookstore书店；D. kindergarten幼儿园。根据“down to the basement for a gray rope”可知，Luz跑回到家里的地下室找到一根灰色的绳子去救Alyson。故选A。
6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：回到院子里，她用手挖了个洞，把洞口扩大了。A. filling填充；B. covering覆盖；C. widening扩大；D. narrowing变窄。根据“she used her hands to dig the hole”可知，她用手挖了个洞，把洞口扩大了。故选C。
7. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：几分钟后，当警察Aaron Perkins赶到时，Luz已经被埋在齐腰深的洞里了。A. table桌子；B. feet脚；C. chair椅子；D. waist腰部。根据““Get out of there,” Perkins told Luz, raising her up by the ___8___ .”可知，当警察Aaron Perkins赶到时，Luz已经被埋在齐腰深的洞里了。故选D。
8. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“离开那里，”Perkins拉着Luz的胳膊对她说。A. ears耳朵；B. arms手臂；C. noses鼻子；D. eyes眼睛。根据“Get out of there”可知，警察Perkins拉着Luz的胳膊对她说。故选B。
9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她要死了。A. die死亡；B. cry哭泣；C. lose失去；D. arrive到达。根据“Alyson disappeared, seeming swallowed(吞没) by a hardly ___2___ opening in the ground”可知，Alyson掉进洞中消失不见，如果在没有被救出，她就要死了。故选A。
10. 考查代词词义辨析。句意：Perkins把绳子的一端系在一棵树上后，Luz一点一点地往15英尺深的洞里下放。A. another另一个；B. him他；C. those那些；D. herself她自己。根据“little by little, down the 15-foot-deep hole”可知，Luz一点一点地把自己往15英尺深的洞里下放。故选D。
11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她最怕的就是蛇。A. requested请求；B. defended辩护；C. attacked攻击；D. feared恐惧。根据“As they waited for help in the two feet of dark water, Luz prayed that there were no snakes swimming at her feet.”可知，当他们在两英尺深的黑暗水中等待救援时，Luz祈祷没有蛇在她的脚边游来游去，因为Luz最害怕的就是蛇。故选D。
12. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在地面上，Perkins和Luz说话，让她保持冷静。A. humorous幽默的；B. calm镇静的；C. upset不安的；D. busy忙碌的。根据“Perkins talked to Luz,”可知，在地面上，Perkins和Luz说话为了让她保持镇静。故选B。
13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：几分钟后，哈克茨镇消防部门和哈克茨镇救援队赶到现场，把一架梯子放进了洞里。A. case盒子；B. bag袋子；C. ladder梯子；D. basket篮子。根据“into the hole.”可知，哈克茨镇消防部门和哈克茨镇救援队赶到现场，把一架梯子放进了洞里。故选C。
14. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：急救人员迅速将婴儿送上救护车，撕开她的衣服检查她的伤势。A. tearing off撕下；B. pulling on拉上；C. cutting out剪掉；D. complaining about抱怨。根据“her clothes to survey the injury”可知，急救人员撕开她的衣服检查她的伤势。故选A。
15. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：Alyson很害怕，浑身都是土，但令人难以置信的是，她没有受伤。A. naturally自然地；B. typically典型地；C. originally最初地；D. incredibly难以置信地。根据“she was uninjured.”可知，掉入洞中的Alyson没有受伤，这让人难以置信。故选D。
Passage 6
Last week, I was stuck on a crosstown bus during rush hour (高峰时段). The bus was filled with cold, tired people 1 with each other. Two men barked (大吼) at each other for an unintentional (无意的) push. An elderly woman got on, and nobody 2 her a seat. Anger was in the air; no mercy (怜悯) could be found here.
As the bus 3 Seventh Avenue (街道), the driver’s words came from the 4 . “Folks,” he said. “I know you’ve had a(n) 5 day and that you are depressed, but I will help out. When each of you walks by before getting off, 6 your troubles into my palm (手掌). Our 7 goes right by the Hudson River, into which I’ll throw them away.”
It seemed as if the atmosphere had been lifted. Everyone 8 laughing, their faces shining with 9 . The passengers who had been ignoring each other’s existence were suddenly grinning (咧嘴笑) at each other — is this guy 10
At the next stop, just as 11 , the driver held out his hand, palm up, and waited. All the 12 passing by performed the gesture of putting something into his palm. The driver 13 the same action at every stop that followed.
Occasionally we may sink into a grey world, but someone can 14 it like a ray of light, showing us hope. What if we are the light Actually, anyone has the 15 to shine on others’ dark days.
1. A．confused B．annoyed C．impressed D．embarrassed
2. A．offered B．lent C．lifted D．chose
3. A．closed B．approached C．showed D．went
4. A．bus B．speaker C．driver D．chair
5. A．tough B．average C．important D．easy
6. A．push B．touch C．drop D．take
7. A．route B．day C．time D．mind
8. A．gave in B．passed on C．burst out D．lifted on
9. A．memories B．pride C．pleasure D．sorrow
10. A．hard B．serious C．happy D．envious
11. A．ordered B．promised C．requested D．reported
12. A．passengers B．drivers C．women D．strangers
13. A．interpreted B．designed C．repeated D．pretended
14. A．break B．brighten C．reward D．exchange
15. A．power B．courage C．idea D．heart
【答案】
1. B 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. A 6. C 7. A 8. C 9. C 10. B 11. B 12. A 13. C 14. B 15. A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了高峰时间的公交车上，乘客们疲惫易怒，司机于是提议大家把烦恼丢在他掌心并扔进河里，一下子活跃了气氛，让乘客们开心地笑起来，带来了希望。
1. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：公共汽车上坐满了又冷又累的人，他们彼此都很恼火。A. confused困惑的；B. annoyed恼怒的；C. impressed印象深刻的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。根据下文“Two men barked (大吼) at each other for an unintentional (无意的) push.”和“Anger was in the air”可知，两个人因无意中推搡而互相吼叫，空气中弥漫着愤怒，由此可知，乘客们情绪很糟糕，都对彼此很恼火。故选B。
2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位老妇人上了车，没有人给她让座。A. offered给予；B. lent借出；C. lifted举起；D. chose选择。根据下文“no mercy (怜悯) could be found here”可知，这里没有怜悯之心，由此可知，没有人会同情老妇人，给她让座，短语offer sb. a seat意为“给某人让座”。故选A。
3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当公交车驶近第七大道时，司机的话从扬声器里传出来。A. closed关闭；B. approached接近；C. showed展示；D. went去。根据上文“As the bus”和下文“Seventh Avenue (街道)”可推知，公交车是驶近第七大道。故选B。
4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当公交车驶近第七大道时，司机的话从扬声器里传出来。A. bus公共汽车；B. speaker扬声器；C. driver司机；D. chair椅子。根据上文“the driver’s words came from”可推知，正在开车的公交车司机所说的话是通过车上的扬声器传出来。故选B。
5. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我知道你们今天过得很艰难，你们很沮丧，但我会帮助你们的。A. tough艰难的；B. average平均的；C. important重要的；D. easy容易的。根据下文“that you are depressed”可知，司机知道乘客们很沮丧，由此可知，乘客们这一天过得很艰难。故选A。
6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你们每个人在下车前走过的时候，把你们的烦恼丢在我的掌心。A. push推；B. touch触摸；C. drop扔，丢；D. take拿。根据上文“but I will help out”可知，司机打算帮助乘客们，由此可知，他是让乘客把烦恼丢在自己的掌心，让乘客摆脱烦恼。故选C。
7. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的路线正好经过哈德逊河，我要把它们扔进河里。A. route路线；B. day天；C. time时间；D. mind头脑。根据这是司机所说的话，以及下文“goes right by the Hudson River”可推知，此处指公交车行驶的路线正好经过哈德逊河。故选A。
8. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：每个人都笑了起来，脸上洋溢着快乐的光芒。A. gave in屈服；B. passed on传递；C. burst out突然爆发；D. lifted on举起。根据上文“It seemed as if the atmosphere had been lifted.”可知，气氛似乎愉快起来，由此可知，每个人因为司机的话都笑了起来，短语burst out laughing意为“突然笑起来”。故选C。
9. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个人都笑了起来，脸上洋溢着快乐的光芒。A. memories记忆；B. pride骄傲；C. pleasure快乐；D. sorrow悲伤。根据上文“It seemed as if the atmosphere had been lifted.”可知，气氛似乎愉快起来，由此可知，每个人都变得开心，脸上洋溢着快乐的光芒。故选C。
10. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一直忽视彼此存在的乘客们突然对着对方笑了——这家伙是认真的吗？A. hard困难的；B. serious认真的；C. happy快乐的；D. envious嫉妒的。根据上文“When each of you walks by before getting off, ___6___ your troubles into my palm (手掌). Our ___7___ goes right by the Hudson River, into which I’ll throw them away.””可知，司机想出了一个让乘客们摆脱烦恼的方法，幽默地表示自己会把这些烦恼扔进哈德逊河，由此可知，乘客们是好奇司机所说的是不是认真的。故选B。
11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：到了下一站，正如承诺的那样，司机伸出手，掌心朝上，等待着。A. ordered命令；B. promised承诺；C. requested请求；D. reported报道。根据上文“but I will help out. When each of you walks by before getting off, ___6___ your troubles into my palm (手掌).”可知，司机是如自己之前承诺的那样，履行帮助，等待乘客把烦恼放进自己的掌心。故选B。
12. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：所有经过的乘客都做了个把什么东西放在他手里的手势。A. passengers乘客；B. drivers司机；C. women女人；D. strangers陌生人。根据上文“When each of you walks by before getting off”可知，司机是对乘客说的话，由此可知，所有经过的乘客都做了个把什么东西放在司机手里的手势。故选A。
13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：司机在随后的每一站都重复同样的动作。A. interpreted解释；B. designed设计；C. repeated重复；D. pretended假装。根据上文“All the ___12___ passing by performed the gesture of putting something into his palm.”可知，所有经过的人都这样做了，由此可知，司机是不停地重复同样的动作。故选C。
14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：偶尔我们会陷入一个灰色的世界，但有人可以像一束光一样照亮它，给我们带来希望。A. break打破；B. brighten照亮；C. reward奖励；D. exchange交换。根据上文“Occasionally we may sink into a grey world”和下文“like a ray of light”可推知，一束光可以照亮灰色的世界，有些人发挥着这束光的作用。故选B。
15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，任何人都有能力照亮别人黑暗的日子。A. power能力；B. courage勇气；C. idea想法；D. heart心脏。根据上文“What if we are the light ”可知，作者是对“如果我们是光会怎么样呢”进行回答，认为任何人都可以像这位司机一样，拥有照亮别人黑暗的日子的能力。故选A。
Passage 7
Enjoying a swim at their local beach was once a daily pleasure for Melati and her sister, Isabel. But in 2013 when Melati was 12 and Isabel just ten, the sisters started to lose 1 for swimming in the waters near their home on the island of Bali. More often than not, plastic bags would circle around them as they 2 . Then as they walked back to shore, red and white plastic shopping bags would 3 their legs and body.
Melati didn’t think much about it until later in 2013 when her teacher gave a lesson on world 4 like South Africa’s Nelson Mandela and England’s Princess Diana, whose efforts had inspired movements of 5 change. That day Melati walked home in 6 , thinking something needed to be done to preserve the beautiful island from becoming 7 by waste.
Melati and Isabel started by sharing the idea with others. Soon they’d 8 a team of 15, made up of school-friends. They 9 their group ByeBye Plastic Bags (BBPB). Its mission was 10 : stop people in Bali using plastic bags.
The following year the BBPB team spent their lunchtimes 11 meetings and organizing an online petition (请愿) to collect signatures to ban plastic bags. Within 24 hours of 12 , more than 6000 people both local Balinese and people from around the world had 13 . “This was the first moment when we knew, we were onto something,”Melati says.
Years later, the girls’ enthusiasm has resulted in big changes. In 2017, they organized Bali’s first beach cleanup. Around 12,000 people collected 36 tonnes of rubbish. In 2018 BBPB 14 the government to ban single-use plastic bags and straws. The ban took effect in July 2019.
Today BBPB is a global youth movement and has over 50 teams in 29 countries. “We didn’t start with any clear 15 ,”Melati admits. “We didn’t know how we were going to complete a seemingly easy task but we knew that we wanted to and had the desire to figure it out.”
1. A．talent B．passion C．hope D．balance
2. A．swam B．trained C．observed D．wandered
3. A．relate to B．lead to C．add to D．stick to
4. A．performers B．heroes C．composers D．champions
5. A．awful B．commercial C．positive D．slight
6. A．silence B．fear C．safety D．despair
7. A．lengthened B．narrowed C．recovered D．jammed
8. A．controlled B．assisted C．gathered D．supported
9. A．sent B．showed C．named D．lent
10. A．simple B．abstract C．novel D．common
11. A．avoiding B．chairing C．discussing D．analyzing
12. A．valuating B．debating C．removing D．launching
13. A．held up B．finished up C．picked up D．signed up
14. A．encouraged B．threatened C．convinced D．expected
15. A．aim B．plan C．benefit D．profit
【答案】
1. B 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. C 6. A 7. D 8. C 9. C 10. A 11. B 12. D 13. D 14. C 15. B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是Melati与其妹妹在一次游泳的过程中被垃圾困住。之后在课堂上，受到老师所提及的Nelson Mandela和Diana等人物的影响，Melati与同学们成立了ByeBye Plastic Bags组织，呼吁当地人们禁止使用塑料袋。如今该组织遍布29个国家，对清理垃圾，减少环境污染产生了重大的影响。
1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但在2013年，Melati12岁，Isabel10岁的时候，姐妹俩开始对在巴厘岛家附近的水域游泳失去了热情。A. talent天赋；B. passion热情；C. hope希望；D. balance平衡。根据下文“More often than not, plastic bags would circle around them”可知，在她们游泳的过程中总是遇到垃圾，故失去了游泳的热情。故选B项。
2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：通常情况下，当她们游泳时，塑料袋会围着她们。A. swam游泳；B. trained训练；C. observed观察；D. wandered徘徊。根据上文“swimming in the waters near their home on the island of Bali”和“plastic bags would circle around them”可知，在Melati和妹妹游泳的时候，总是会被塑料袋困住。故选A项。
3. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后，当她们走回岸边时，红色和白色的塑料购物袋总会粘在她们的腿和身上。A. relate to涉及；B. lead to导致；C. add to增加；D. stick to粘住。根据上文“More often than not, plastic bags would circle around them”可知，塑料袋总是围绕着她们，可知，此处是指会粘在她们身上。故选D项。
4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Melati直到2013年晚些时候才对此进行了深入思考，当时她的老师给她上了一堂关于南非纳尔逊·曼德拉和英国戴安娜王妃等世界英雄的课，他们的努力激发了积极变革的运动。A. performers表演者；B. heroes英雄；C. composers作曲家；D. champions冠军。根据下文“like South Africa’s Nelson Mandela and England’s Princess Diana”可知，南非的纳尔逊·曼德拉和英国的戴安娜王妃都是英雄式的人物。故选B项。
5. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Melati直到2013年晚些时候才对此进行了深入思考，当时她的老师给她上了一堂关于南非纳尔逊·曼德拉和英国戴安娜王妃等世界英雄的课，他们的努力激发了积极变革的运动。A. awful糟糕的；B. commercial商业的；C. positive积极的；D. slight轻微的。根据上文“when her teacher gave a lesson on world ____4____ like South Africa’s Nelson Mandela and England’s Princess Diana”可知，这些人物都是英雄式的人物，对世界产生了积极的改变。故选C项。
6. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那天，Melati默默地走回家，想着需要做点什么来保护这个美丽的岛屿，避免被垃圾堵塞。A. silence沉默；B. fear恐惧；C. safety安全；D. despair绝望。根据下文“thinking something”，可知此处表示在安静地走路，思考问题。故选A项。
7. 考查动词词义辩词。句意：那天，Melati默默地走回家，想着需要做点什么来保护这个美丽的岛屿，避免被垃圾堵塞。A. lengthened延长；B. narrowed缩窄；C. recovered恢复；D. jammed堵塞。根据上文“red and white plastic shopping bags would ____3____ their legs and body”可知，塑料袋过多，已经缠住了孩子们的腿和身体。故此处表达的是保护巴厘岛不被垃圾堵塞。故选D项。
8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：很快，他们就组成了一个15人的团队，由学校的朋友组成。A. controlled控制；B. assisted帮助；C. gathered聚集；D. supported支持。根据下文“a team of 15, made up of school friends”可知，此处表达的是召集了15人组成了一个团队。故选C项。
9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们命名该团体为ByeBye Plastic Bags。A. sent发送；B. showed展示；C. named命名；D. lent借出。根据下文“their group ByeBye Plastic Bags (BBPB)”可知，是命名了该团体。故选C项。
10. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它的任务很简单，就是阻止巴厘岛的人们使用塑料袋。A. simple简单的；B. abstract抽象的；C. novel新颖的；D. common共同的。根据下文“stop people in Bali using plastic bags”可知，该组织的目的很简单，就是阻止巴厘岛的人们使用塑料袋。故选A项。
11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二年，BBPB团队利用午餐时间主持会议，并组织了一次在线请愿活动，以收集禁止使用塑料袋的签名。A. avoiding避免；B. chairing主持；C. discussing讨论；D. analyzing分析。根据下文“meetings and organizing an online petition (请愿) to collect signatures to ban plastic bags”可知，该团队是用午餐的时间来召开会议。故选B项。
12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在发起的24小时内，超过6000人，包括巴厘岛当地人和来自世界各地的人都注册了。A. valuating评价；B. debating辩论；C. removing移走；D. launching发起。根据上文“organizing an online petition (请愿) to collect signatures to ban plastic bags”可知，是在活动发起的24小时内。故选D项。
13. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在发起的24小时内，超过6000人，包括巴厘岛当地人和来自世界各地的人都注册了。A. held up举起；B. finished up完成；C. picked up拾起；D. signed up报名，注册。根据上文“organizing an online petition (请愿) to collect signatures to ban plastic bags”可知，在发起活动的过程中，有超过6000人注册了。故选D项。
14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：2018年，BBPB说服政府禁止使用一次性塑料袋和吸管。A. encouraged鼓励；B. threatened威胁；C. convinced说服；D. expected预料。根据下文“The ban took effect in July 2019. (该禁令于2019年7月生效。)”可知，此处表达的是说服政府去禁止使用一次性塑料袋和塑料管。故选C项。
15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我们一开始没有任何明确的计划，”Melati承认。A. aim目标；B. plan计划；C. benefit利益；D. profit利润。根据下文““We didn’t know how we were going to complete a seemingly easy task but we knew that we wanted to and had the desire to figure it out.” (“我们不知道如何完成一项看似简单的任务，但我们知道我们想要并渴望弄清楚。”)”可知，Melati刚开始成立该组织的时候，是没有明确的计划的，但是知道如何去实施任务，知道他们想要什么，也有想要弄清楚的欲望。故选B项。
Passage 8
Some of my earliest memories involve sitting with my dad in his study every night when he came home from the office. He would smile, hand me the comb and say, “Be a good girl and help Daddy clean it, OK ” Dad’s 1 was jade green. I heard he bought it when he married Mum.
At age five, I was 2 happy to do it. Carefully finishing the task, I would proudly 3 the comb to Dad. He would smile at me, and place the comb on top of his 4 .
Two years later, Dad left his sales job and started his own business. Dad didn’t come home as much as he used to. Over the years, I 5 waiting for him to come home.
Today, I’m aged 17. The uncomfortable silence between Dad and me remained.
Two days before my birthday last year, Dad came home early. As usual, I helped him carry his bags into his study. When I turned to leave, he said, “Hey, would you like to help me 6 my comb It’s been a while since I last cleaned it.” I looked at him for a while, then took the comb and 7 the sink.
It’s a(n) 8 comb. This one’s brown. I hadn’t noticed that he’d changed it. It hit me then: why, as a child, helping my dad clean his comb was such a 9 . That routine meant that my dad was home 10 to spend the evening with Mum and I. It meant a happy and 11 family.
I passed the clean comb back to Dad. He looked at it, 12 , and carefully placed his comb on top of his wallet. But this time, I notice something 13 . My dad has aged. He has 14 next to his eyes when he smiles, yet his smile is still as 15 as before.
After so many years, I guess some things never change. And for that, I’m glad.
1. A．comb B．watch C．key D．book
2. A．less than B．other than C．rather than D．more than
3. A．fetch B．return C．bring D．take
4. A．desk B．chair C．wallet D．bookshelf
5. A．stopped B．continued C．tried D．began
6. A．dry B．vacuum C．clean D．paint
7. A．pointed to B．headed to C．drove to D．flew to
8. A．new B．old C．long D．short
9. A．worry B．guilt C．surprise D．joy
10. A．lately B．early C．slowly D．quietly
11. A．moving B．inspiring C．encouraging D．loving
12. A．blinked B．frowned C．cried D．smiled
13. A．different B．strange C．distant D．familiar
14. A．wounds B．wrinkles C．scars D．marks
15. A．heart-breaking B．throat-cutting C．heart-warming D．breath-taking
【答案】
1. A 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. C 7. B 8. A 9. D 10. B 11. D 12. D 13. A 14. B 15. C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者小时候和父亲关系亲密，在爸爸下班回家后，她非常喜欢帮爸爸清洗梳子，但后来爸爸创业了，回家次数减少，多年来父女感情逐渐疏远。在作者生日前两天，爸爸又一次让作者帮忙清洗梳子，作者明白了为什么小时候非常喜欢帮爸爸清洗梳子，因为这意味着相亲相爱的一家人共度时光。作者明白了这一点，心中释然了。
1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：爸爸的梳子是绿玉色的。A. comb梳子；B. watch手表；C. key钥匙；D. book书。根据上文中的“comb”可知，这里是原词复现。故选A。
2. 考查短语辨析。句意：五岁的时候，我非常乐意做这件事。A. less than比……少；B. other than除……以外；C. rather than而不是；D. more than更多，非常。根据下文中的“Carefully finishing the task, I would proudly 3 the comb to Dad.”可知，作者完成任务非常认真，所以她非常乐意做这件事。故选D。
3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：认真完成任务，我会自豪地把梳子还给爸爸。A. fetch（去）拿来；B. return送回；C. bring带来；D. take拿走。根据空后的“the comb to Dad”可知，作者把梳子清洗完之后还给爸爸。故选B。
4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他会对我微笑，然后把梳子放在钱包上。A. desk桌子；B. chair椅子；C. wallet钱包；D. bookshelf书架。根据下文中的“carefully placed his comb on top of his wallet”可知，这里是原词复现。故选C。
5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些年来，我不再等他回家了。A. stopped停下；B. continued继续；C. tried试图；D. began开始。根据上文中的“Dad didn’t come home as much as he used to.(爸爸不像以前那样经常回家了。)”和下文中的“The uncomfortable silence between Dad and me remained.(爸爸和我之间令人不安的沉默依然存在。)”可知，爸爸后来回家的次数减少，父女之间存在令人不安的沉默，由此可知，二人之间的感情疏远，作者不再等待爸爸回家。故选A。
6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：嘿，你能帮我洗梳子吗？A. dry（使）变干；B. vacuum用真空吸尘器清扫；C. clean把……弄干净；D. paint在……上刷油漆。根据上文中的“help Daddy clean it”和下文中的“It’s been a while since I last cleaned it.(我上次洗梳子已经有一段时间了。)”可知，这里是clean的原词复现。故选C。
7. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我看了他一会儿，然后拿起梳子走向水槽。A. pointed to指向；B. headed to朝……行进；C. drove to开向；D. flew to飞向。根据空前的“took the comb”和空后的“the sink”可知，作者拿起梳子向水槽走去。故选B。
8. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一把新梳子。A. new新的；B. old旧的；C. long长的；D. short短的。根据上文中的“Dad’s 1 was jade green.”下文中的“This one’s brown. I hadn’t noticed that he’d changed it.(这个是棕色的。我没有注意到他换了梳子。)”可知，爸爸以前的梳子是绿玉色的，这把是棕色的，所以爸爸换了一把新梳子。故选A。
9. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当时我突然想到：为什么，作为一个孩子，帮爸爸清洗梳子是一种快乐。A. worry 令人担忧的事；B. guilt内疚；C. surprise令人惊奇的事（或消息等）；D. joy令人高兴的人（或事），乐事。根据第二段的句子“At age five, I was 2 happy to do it.”可知，作者很高兴帮爸爸清理梳子。故选D。
10. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：这种常规意味着我爸爸很早就回家和妈妈和我一起度过了一个晚上。A. lately最近；B. early在早期，提前；C. slowly缓慢地；D. quietly安静地。根据空后的“to spend the evening with Mum and I”可知，爸爸早早下班回家陪伴妈妈和作者。故选B。
11. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这意味着一个幸福而充满爱的家庭。A. moving令人感动的；B. inspiring鼓舞人心的；C. encouraging令人鼓舞的；D. loving爱的，充满爱的。根据and前的happy可知，空处所填词和happy表达的感情一致，表示幸福而充满爱的一家。故选D。
12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他看了看，微微一笑，小心翼翼地把梳子放在钱包上。A. blinked眨眼睛；B. frowned皱眉；C. cried哭泣；D. smiled微笑。根据下文中的“he smiles”“his smile”可知，这里是原词复现。故选D。
13. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这一次，我注意到了一些不同的东西。A. different不同的；B. strange奇怪的；C. distant遥远的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据下文中的“My dad has aged.(我爸爸老了。)”并结合语境可知，作者注意到爸爸变老了，而之前从未发现，所以注意到了一些不同的东西。故选A。
14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他微笑时眼睛旁边有皱纹，但他的笑容仍然像以前一样温暖人心。A. wounds伤口；B. wrinkles皱纹；C. scars伤疤；D. marks污点。根据上文中的“My dad has aged.(我爸爸老了。)”并结合常识可知，爸爸老了，微笑时眼角会有皱纹。故选B。
15. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. heart-breaking令人心碎的；B. throat-cutting激烈的；C. heart-warming暖人心房的；D. breath-taking激动人心的。根据句中的“his smile”并结合语境可知，爸爸的笑容仍然像以前那样暖人心房。故选C。
Passage 9
It took humans thousands of years to understand our own planet, and centuries 1 our neighboring planets. Nowadays, new worlds are being 2 every week.
Up to the present time, astronomers have 3 more than 370 “exoplanets”—planets orbiting (绕……运动) outer space stars (恒星) other than our sun. There is a “hot Saturn (土星)” 260 light-years from Earth that orbits its parent star so 4 that a year there lasts less than three days. 5 another star 150 light-years out is a burning “hot Jupiter (木星),” where upper atmosphere (大气层) is being burning to form a huge comet-like tail. Astronomers have found another three 6 orbiting a pulsar (脉冲星)—the remains of a once huge star shrinking (收缩) into a small atomic nucleus the 7 of a city. Some planets have obviously fallen into their suns. Others have been thrown out of their 8 to become “floaters” that float in the darkness of the universe.
Among all these, scientists are eager to find a clue of the 9 : planets like the Earth. That is, planets orbiting their stars at just the right distance—neither too hot nor too cold—to 10 life as we know it. We have not yet found planets that are quite like our own, 11 because they’re inconspicuous (不起眼的). To see a planet as 12 and slim as ours among the brightness of its star is like trying to see a firefly in a fireworks display. 13 by pushing technology to the 14 , astronomers are rapidly approaching the day when they can find another Earth. And when they do, they can examine it for 15 of life.
1. A．explore B．separate C．forget D．defend
2. A．revised B．discovered C．saved D．created
3. A．travelled B．damaged C．recognized D．ignored
4. A．slowly B．easily C．wrongly D．rapidly
5. A．Removing B．Circling C．Lighting D．Showing
6. A．stars B．moons C．planets D．satellites
7. A．type B．distance C．power D．size
8. A．authorities B．species C．systems D．facilities
9. A．familiar B．previous C．unknown D．distant
10. A．hide B．discover C．injure D．support
11. A．luckily B．instantly C．probably D．officially
12. A．small B．bright C．blue D．clear
13. A．And B．Yet C．So D．Thus
14. A．limits B．ends C．opposites D．beginnings
15. A．examples B．designs C．means D．signs
【答案】
1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. B 6. C 7. D 8. C 9. A 10. D 11. C 12. A 13. B 14. A 15. D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了除地球外的其他“系外行星”并介绍了人类为了寻找与地球相似的行星所做出的努力。
1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：人类花了数千年的时间才了解了我们自己的星球，并花了数百年的时间探索我们邻近的星球。A. explore探索；B. separate分离；C. forget忘记；D. defend保卫。根据后文内容可知，后文内容介绍的是我们邻近的星球，由此可知，句中指花了数百年的时间探索我们邻近的星球，有探索才会有发现。故选A项。
2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如今，每周都有新的世界被发现。A. revised修改，复习；B. discovered发现；C. saved拯救；D. created创造。根据句中“new worlds”可知，随着人类的不断探索，应该是有新的世界被发现。故选B项。
3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，天文学家已经识别了370多颗“系外行星”——围绕太阳以外的外层空间恒星运行的行星。A. travelled旅行；B. damaged损坏；C. recognized认出，识别；D. ignored忽视。根据下文“hot Saturn”和“hot Jupiter”可知，下文介绍的是其他“系外行星”，由此可知，句中指天文学家已经识别了370多颗“系外行星”。故选C项。
4. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：有一个距离地球260光年的“热土星”，它绕其母星运行的速度如此之快，以至于在那里一年的持续时间不到三天。A. slowly慢速地；B. easily容易地；C. wrongly错误地；D. rapidly迅速地，很快地。根据句中“a year there lasts less than three days”可知，在那里一年的持续时间不到三天，由此可知，“热土星”绕其母星运行的速度是很快的。故选D项。
5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：环绕150光年外的另一颗恒星移动的是一颗燃烧的“热木星”，在那里上层大气正在燃烧，形成一个巨大的彗星状尾巴。A. Removing移动；B. Circling环绕……移动；C. Lighting点燃；D. Showing展示。根据上文“There is a “hot Saturn (土星)” 260 light-years from Earth that orbits its parent star so…”中的“orbits”可知，句中应用“Circling”，意为“环绕……移动”，指环绕150光年外的另一颗恒星移动的是一颗燃烧的“热木星”。故选B项。
6. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：天文学家还发现了另外三颗围绕脉冲星运行的行星——一颗曾经巨大的恒星的残骸缩小成一个城市大小的小原子核。A. stars恒星；B. moons月亮；C. planets行星；D. satellites人造卫星。根据上文“exoplanets”可知，本段内容介绍的是“系外行星”，由此可知，句中指另外三颗围绕脉冲星运行的行星。故选C项。
7. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：天文学家还发现了另外三颗围绕脉冲星运行的行星——一颗曾经巨大的恒星的残骸缩小成一个城市大小的小原子核。A. type类型；B. distance距离；C. power权力，能力；D. size大小，尺寸。根据句中“a once huge star”中的“huge”可知，这里介绍的是恒星的大小，由此可知，句中指“缩小成一个城市大小的小原子核”。故选D项。
8. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：其他行星则被赶出它们的系统，成为漂浮在宇宙黑暗中的“漂浮者”。A. authorities权力，权威；B. species物种；C. systems体系，系统；D. facilities设施。根据句中“become “floaters” that float in the darkness of the universe.”可知，其他行星成为漂浮在宇宙黑暗中的“漂浮者”，由此可知，它们是被赶出了它们所在的系统。故选C项。
9. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在所有这些中，科学家们渴望找到一条熟悉的线索：像地球这样的行星。A. familiar熟悉的；B. previous以前的；C. unknown未知的；D. distant遥远的。根据句中“planets like the Earth”可知，找到“像地球这样的行星”对我们来说应该是一条熟悉的线索。故选A项。
10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：也就是说，行星围绕恒星运行的距离恰到好处——既不太热也不太冷——足以支持我们所知道的生命。A. hide隐藏；B. discover发现；C. injure伤害；D. support支持。根据句中“neither too hot nor too cold”可知，“既不太热也不太冷”的条件下应该是可以支持人类生存的。故选D项。
11. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们还没有发现与我们自己的行星非常相似的行星，可能是因为它们不起眼。A. luckily幸运的是；B. instantly立即地；C. probably可能地；D. officially官方地。根据句中“because they’re inconspicuous”可知，“因为它们不起眼”是我们推测的“我们还没有发现与我们自己的行星非常相似的行星”的原因，是我们推测的原因，应用“probably”。故选C项。
12. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在明亮的星光中看到一颗像我们这样又小又细的行星，就像试图在烟花表演中看到一只萤火虫。A. small小的；B. bright明亮的；C. blue蓝色的；D. clear清楚的。根据句中“a firefly in a fireworks display”中的“firefly”可知，在烟花表演中的萤火虫是小的，不容易看到，由此可知，句中指又小又细的行星，在明亮的星光中是不起眼的。故选A项。
13. 考查连词词义辨析。句意：然而，通过将技术推向极限，天文学家正在迅速接近找到另一个地球的那一天。A. And和；B. Yet然而，但是；C. So所以；D. Thus因此。根据句中“astronomers are rapidly approaching the day when they can find another Earth”可知，上下文为转折关系，上文说我们还没有发现与我们自己的行星非常相似的行星，下文说天文学家正在迅速接近找到另一个地球的那一天，由此可知，应用连词“Yet”，表转折。故选B项。
14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，通过将技术推向极限，天文学家正在迅速接近找到另一个地球的那一天。A. limits限制，极限；B. ends结尾；C. opposites对立面；D. beginnings开端。根据句意和生活常识可知，应该是随着技术的发展，天文学家有可能找到另一个地球，由此可知，句中指将技术推向极限。故选A项。
15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他们这样做时，他们可以检查它是否有生命迹象。A. examples例子；B. designs设计；C. means方法；D. signs迹象。根据上文内容可知，天文学家正在寻找与地球相似地星球，由此可知，他们要检查那些星球是否有生命迹象。故选D项。
Passage 10
Donna Urquhart is an experienced runner. She ran 1,402 kilometers over the course of 28 days in Antarctica (南极洲), 1 the record for the longest-ever run in a polar region.
Urquhart spent 10 months training for 完形填空15篇 高一下 期中考
真题+模拟
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、 真题专区 Passage 1 - 5
二、 模拟训练 Passage 6 -15
Passage 1
（23-24高一下·广东深圳·期中）At time of crisis, we tend to turn inward. It seems like feeling better and 1 putting our own needs first. But science suggests that these self-care tendencies are 2 . In fact, the best way to 3 your own self-care is to provide other-care.
Research shows that we get 4 from doing nice things for other people. The people who self-report being happiest 5 those in need — they donate (捐献) more of their time and money to charity and 6 acts of kindness. So why not improve your mental 7 by doing something good for another person If you are working 8 , stop driving your car and donate the money saved on gas to a charity. Or just check in with a friend who is 9 .
But do be 10 to yourself as well. The season of new year’s resolutions can be a time when it is easy to beat yourself up. We 11 ourselves by reflecting on how badly we have done in the past year. But research shows that severe self-criticism and unrealistic 12 will make you give up before you even begin. A better 13 for the new year is to extend yourself some kindness. It means 14 that you are human and you are doing the best you can in hard times.
The tips won’t make the 15 of the new year disappear, but these practices can boost your mood and give you a bit more happiness.
1. A．avoids B．allows C．risks D．requires
2. A．wrong B．secret C．natural D．scientific
3. A．value B．regard C．promote D．review
4. A．freedom B．wealth C．assistance D．happiness
5. A．agree with B．focus on C．come across D．stand for
6. A．refer to B．engage in C．turn down D．cut off
7. A．activity B．process C．health D．attention
8. A．originally B．previously C．daily D．remotely
9. A．struggling B．attacking C．whispering D．complaining
10. A．honest B．clear C．polite D．kind
11. A．protect B．express C．shame D．train
12. A．expectations B．forecasts C．presentations D．opportunities
13. A．freedom B．choice C．occasion D．damage
14. A．ignoring B．remembering C．suggesting D．reporting
15. A．decisions B．benefits C．challenges D．differences
Passage 2
（23-24高一下·广东深圳·期中）A baby giraffe born with a leg abnormality has been fitted with special leg braces (支架) to help her walk.
The giraffe is named Msituni. She 1 from a condition called carpal hypertension (腕骨高血压). It affected the young animal’s front legs, which was especially 2 to a giraffe. The abnormality was putting a lot of 3 on her joints and bones. Zoo workers 4 that she could die if they did not quickly correct the 5 . This is because it could 6 the giraffe from getting food and from being able to walk around.
Zoo officials called in experts to treat the giraffe. The medical team had a lot of 7 fitting people with braces to correct leg problems. But they had 8 treated an animal before. Ara Mirzaian was a member of the medical team. He found the situation strange and 9 went online to start learning as much as possible about giraffes.
The team 10 models of the giraffe’s legs. It took the team about a week to produce the braces, which were made of a material called carbon graphite (碳石墨). After 10 days in the special brace, the problem was 11 . In total, Msituni was in braces for 39 days from the day she was born. She 12 in the animal hospital the whole time.
Mirzaian said he planned to 13 a picture in his office of the baby giraffe wearing her special brace so that the children he treats might be 14 to wear their own braces. “It was the coolest thing to see an animal like that walk in a brace,” he said. “It feels 15 to know we saved a giraffe’s life.”
1. A．heard B．recovered C．suffered D．graduated
2. A．dangerous B．urgent C．extinct D．natural
3. A．energy B．equipment C．medicine D．pressure
4. A．promised B．complained C．feared D．suggested
5. A．condition B．mistake C．habit D．judgement
6. A．separate B．protect C．save D．prevent
7. A．expectation B．reaction C．experience D．preference
8. A．often B．never C．only D．almost
9. A．immediately B．gradually C．luckily D．actually
10. A．created B．purchased C．measured D．displayed
11. A．discovered B．fixed C．raised D．hidden
12. A．screamed B．jogged C．performed D．stayed
13. A．put up B．give way to C．pick out D．stir up
14. A．allowed B．forced C．inspired D．invited
15. A．fortunate B．great C．enthusiastic D．regretful
Passage 3
（23-24高一下·广东深圳·期中）I’m now the cook and owner of a restaurant. Nothing in my early years led me to 1 my life would connect to food and cooking deeply. My family did eat together often: we had a 2 that my grandmother cooked the weekly big meal on weekends, but food was hardly the 3 of my family’s story. After I entered college. I was still 4 about what I wanted to do. I was “supposed” to 5 my family, getting a degree in medicine at graduate school or something similar.
When accepting the job assisting cooks after finishing college, I just 6 to pay my rent. That didn’t 7 any big life plans. However, as I worked longer, the food world showed me amazing 8 .
Too little salt, and a dish is 9 to be “tastelss”. A bit lemon juice helps prevent cut apples and peaches from turning brown and 10 their appealing colors. The lesson that small things matter reminds me to never 11 tiny stuff in all parts of life.
Also, working with food teaches me to really taste, smell and touch. I learn to observe my 12 , watching ways birds land, the growth of trees along roads… and 13 wonders in everyday life. 14 , I head down my own path, which is 15 from going to medical school as my parents did, but gives my life purpose and direction.
1. A．wonder B．expect C．doubt D．admit
2. A．suggestion B．pleasure C．tradition D．desire
3. A．center B．trouble C．witness D．secret
4. A．sensitive B．passive C．unconcerned D．unclear
5. A．sponsor B．company C．follow D．urge
6. A．happened B．intended C．managed D．promised
7. A．inspire B．affect C．replace D．prevent
8. A．opportunity B．wisdom C．memories D．skills
9. A．easy B．fit C．true D．sure
10. A．preserve B．hide C．restore D．change
11. A．worry B．forgive C．justify D．ignore
12. A．decisions B．improvements C．surroundings D．differences
13. A．keep away B．end up C．suffer from D．come across
14. A．Even so B．Above all C．Therefore D．Anyway
15. A．free B．absent C．different D．far
Passage 4
（23-24高一下·广东深圳·期中）Jamil Jan Kochai moved to America from Afghanistan at age one. At home, his family only spoke Pashto (普什图语), so when he reached first grade in an English-speaking school, he was 1 at a loss.
Then came Ms. Lung, Kochai’s second-grade teacher, who quickly realized that Kochai was 2 hard at school. Nearly every day after school, Lung would give Kochai 3 lessons on reading and writing. By the end of the year, Kochai had learned to read and write, and even won the first prize in the school reading competition.
Sadly, Kochai 4 the teacher after his family moved several times. “I tried everything to find Ms. Lung, but all proved 5 ,” he explained. “The 6 was that I didn’t know her first name. She’d always just been Ms. Lung to me.”
In the meantime, Kochai was starting to go after a successful career in writing. He has received many writing 7 . But he never gave up 8 Ms. Lung.
Two years ago, Lung’s husband, Allen Lung, happened to read an article Kochai wrote for a literary magazine that 9 Ms. Lung. He then 10 Kochai through Facebook.
Allen Lung asked Kochai if he wanted to speak with his 11 that same night. Because of the pandemic (疫情) they were only able to 12 each other, but Kochai was excited. This was the moment he had been waiting for years.
Kochai cried when he heard his teacher’s voice. He told Ms. Lung everything he had achieved was all thanks to her. They planned to meet 13 at some point in the future.
However, that moment didn’t come until August 13, 2023, when Kochai was doing a book signing event for his new novel. Allen approached Kochai, introduced himself, and brought him over to reunite with Ms. Lung. “I didn’t know why I didn’t see her 14 , since Ms. lung is sitting in the front row. It has been 22 years since I saw her last time,” Kochai said.
“My father used to say that every child is a rocket filled with 15 and all they need is a single spark (火花) to lift off into the sky,” Kochai said. “Ms. Lung was my spark.”
1. A．hardly B．gradually C．possibly D．completely
2. A．playing B．preparing C．struggling D．exercising
3. A．extra B．difficult C．boring D．simple
4. A．lost touch with B．showed respect to C．kept up with D．got close to
5. A．correct B．practical C．fruitless D．risky
6. A．plan B．problem C．benefit D．report
7. A．instruments B．tips C．materials D．prizes
8. A．caring for B．searching for C．picking out D．cheering up
9. A．blamed B．examined C．amused D．mentioned
10. A．trained B．admired C．charged D．contacted
11. A．wife B．cousin C．niece D．daughter
12. A．receive B．call C．consult D．teach
13. A．in order B．in general C．in person D．in case
14. A．earlier B．later C．closer D．farther
15. A．air B．water C．fuel D．paper
Passage 5
（23-24高一下·广东深圳·期中）On a Sunny Saturday, Alyson Machigua, three, screamed with laughter as she and her mother, Marlen, played a game in the front yard of their home. Suddenly, tiny Alyson 1 the backyard of a neighbor. About half way across the yard, Alyson disappeared, seeming swallowed (吞没) by a hardly 2 opening in the ground, which meant the opening was not easy to find. Marlen cried loudly for help.
The neighbour Luz Jimenez, 26, was preparing dinner in her kitchen and 3 the cries were the sounds of children playing. However, when she ran outside anyway, she found Marlen 4 and dialing 911.
“Alyson fell into the hole!” Marlen cried to Luz. Then Luz heard Alyson’s cries from deep underground. Luz ran inside her own 5 and down to the basement for a gray rope to drop into the hole. Back in the yard, she used her hands to dig the hole, 6 the opening. When the policeman Aaron Perkins arrived a few minutes later, Luz was in the hole up to her 7 .
“Get out of there,” Perkins told Luz, raising her up by the 8 . “It’s dangerous for you.” “It’s more dangerous for the baby,” Luz said. “She’s going to 9 .” After Perkins tied one end of the rope to a tree, Luz lowered 10 , little by little, down the 15-foot-deep hole. Below, she saw water covering the floor of the hole. Alyson’s neck was covered. Luz dropped the remaining few feet into the water beside the baby. “Everything is going to be fine,” she told the little girl. “Don’t worry.”
As they waited for help in the two feet of dark water, Luz prayed that there were no snakes swimming at her feet. She 11 nothing more than snakes. Aboveground (在地面上), Perkins talked to Luz, keeping her 12 .
Just minutes later, the Hacketts-town Fire Department and Hacketts-town Rescue Team arrived and lowered a 13 into the hole. Luz climbed up with Alyson in her arms, and then handed her over to her mother. Emergency workers rushed the baby to an ambulance, 14 her clothes to survey the injury. Alyson was scared and covered in dirt but 15 , she was uninjured. Luz saved the baby’s life.
1. A．depended on B．wondered at C．moved into D．left behind
2. A．visible B．dark C．deep D．regular
3. A．announced B．guessed C．forgot D．reported
4. A．exercising B．joking C．wandering D．sobbing
5. A．house B．bank C．bookstore D．kindergarten
6. A．filling B．covering C．widening D．narrowing
7. A．table B．feet C．chair D．waist
8. A．ears B．arms C．noses D．eyes
9. A．die B．cry C．lose D．arrive
10. A．another B．him C．those D．herself
11. A．requested B．defended C．attacked D．feared
12. A．humorous B．calm C．upset D．busy
13. A．case B．bag C．ladder D．basket
14. A．tearing off B．pulling on C．cutting out D．complaining about
15. A．naturally B．typically C．originally D．incredibly
Passage 6
Last week, I was stuck on a crosstown bus during rush hour (高峰时段). The bus was filled with cold, tired people 1 with each other. Two men barked (大吼) at each other for an unintentional (无意的) push. An elderly woman got on, and nobody 2 her a seat. Anger was in the air; no mercy (怜悯) could be found here.
As the bus 3 Seventh Avenue (街道), the driver’s words came from the 4 . “Folks,” he said. “I know you’ve had a(n) 5 day and that you are depressed, but I will help out. When each of you walks by before getting off, 6 your troubles into my palm (手掌). Our 7 goes right by the Hudson River, into which I’ll throw them away.”
It seemed as if the atmosphere had been lifted. Everyone 8 laughing, their faces shining with 9 . The passengers who had been ignoring each other’s existence were suddenly grinning (咧嘴笑) at each other — is this guy 10
At the next stop, just as 11 , the driver held out his hand, palm up, and waited. All the 12 passing by performed the gesture of putting something into his palm. The driver 13 the same action at every stop that followed.
Occasionally we may sink into a grey world, but someone can 14 it like a ray of light, showing us hope. What if we are the light Actually, anyone has the 15 to shine on others’ dark days.
1. A．confused B．annoyed C．impressed D．embarrassed
2. A．offered B．lent C．lifted D．chose
3. A．closed B．approached C．showed D．went
4. A．bus B．speaker C．driver D．chair
5. A．tough B．average C．important D．easy
6. A．push B．touch C．drop D．take
7. A．route B．day C．time D．mind
8. A．gave in B．passed on C．burst out D．lifted on
9. A．memories B．pride C．pleasure D．sorrow
10. A．hard B．serious C．happy D．envious
11. A．ordered B．promised C．requested D．reported
12. A．passengers B．drivers C．women D．strangers
13. A．interpreted B．designed C．repeated D．pretended
14. A．break B．brighten C．reward D．exchange
15. A．power B．courage C．idea D．heart
Passage 7
Enjoying a swim at their local beach was once a daily pleasure for Melati and her sister, Isabel. But in 2013 when Melati was 12 and Isabel just ten, the sisters started to lose 1 for swimming in the waters near their home on the island of Bali. More often than not, plastic bags would circle around them as they 2 . Then as they walked back to shore, red and white plastic shopping bags would 3 their legs and body.
Melati didn’t think much about it until later in 2013 when her teacher gave a lesson on world 4 like South Africa’s Nelson Mandela and England’s Princess Diana, whose efforts had inspired movements of 5 change. That day Melati walked home in 6 , thinking something needed to be done to preserve the beautiful island from becoming 7 by waste.
Melati and Isabel started by sharing the idea with others. Soon they’d 8 a team of 15, made up of school-friends. They 9 their group ByeBye Plastic Bags (BBPB). Its mission was 10 : stop people in Bali using plastic bags.
The following year the BBPB team spent their lunchtimes 11 meetings and organizing an online petition (请愿) to collect signatures to ban plastic bags. Within 24 hours of 12 , more than 6000 people both local Balinese and people from around the world had 13 . “This was the first moment when we knew, we were onto something,”Melati says.
Years later, the girls’ enthusiasm has resulted in big changes. In 2017, they organized Bali’s first beach cleanup. Around 12,000 people collected 36 tonnes of rubbish. In 2018 BBPB 14 the government to ban single-use plastic bags and straws. The ban took effect in July 2019.
Today BBPB is a global youth movement and has over 50 teams in 29 countries. “We didn’t start with any clear 15 ,”Melati admits. “We didn’t know how we were going to complete a seemingly easy task but we knew that we wanted to and had the desire to figure it out.”
1. A．talent B．passion C．hope D．balance
2. A．swam B．trained C．observed D．wandered
3. A．relate to B．lead to C．add to D．stick to
4. A．performers B．heroes C．composers D．champions
5. A．awful B．commercial C．positive D．slight
6. A．silence B．fear C．safety D．despair
7. A．lengthened B．narrowed C．recovered D．jammed
8. A．controlled B．assisted C．gathered D．supported
9. A．sent B．showed C．named D．lent
10. A．simple B．abstract C．novel D．common
11. A．avoiding B．chairing C．discussing D．analyzing
12. A．valuating B．debating C．removing D．launching
13. A．held up B．finished up C．picked up D．signed up
14. A．encouraged B．threatened C．convinced D．expected
15. A．aim B．plan C．benefit D．profit
Passage 8
Some of my earliest memories involve sitting with my dad in his study every night when he came home from the office. He would smile, hand me the comb and say, “Be a good girl and help Daddy clean it, OK ” Dad’s 1 was jade green. I heard he bought it when he married Mum.
At age five, I was 2 happy to do it. Carefully finishing the task, I would proudly 3 the comb to Dad. He would smile at me, and place the comb on top of his 4 .
Two years later, Dad left his sales job and started his own business. Dad didn’t come home as much as he used to. Over the years, I 5 waiting for him to come home.
Today, I’m aged 17. The uncomfortable silence between Dad and me remained.
Two days before my birthday last year, Dad came home early. As usual, I helped him carry his bags into his study. When I turned to leave, he said, “Hey, would you like to help me 6 my comb It’s been a while since I last cleaned it.” I looked at him for a while, then took the comb and 7 the sink.
It’s a(n) 8 comb. This one’s brown. I hadn’t noticed that he’d changed it. It hit me then: why, as a child, helping my dad clean his comb was such a 9 . That routine meant that my dad was home 10 to spend the evening with Mum and I. It meant a happy and 11 family.
I passed the clean comb back to Dad. He looked at it, 12 , and carefully placed his comb on top of his wallet. But this time, I notice something 13 . My dad has aged. He has 14 next to his eyes when he smiles, yet his smile is still as 15 as before.
After so many years, I guess some things never change. And for that, I’m glad.
1. A．comb B．watch C．key D．book
2. A．less than B．other than C．rather than D．more than
3. A．fetch B．return C．bring D．take
4. A．desk B．chair C．wallet D．bookshelf
5. A．stopped B．continued C．tried D．began
6. A．dry B．vacuum C．clean D．paint
7. A．pointed to B．headed to C．drove to D．flew to
8. A．new B．old C．long D．short
9. A．worry B．guilt C．surprise D．joy
10. A．lately B．early C．slowly D．quietly
11. A．moving B．inspiring C．encouraging D．loving
12. A．blinked B．frowned C．cried D．smiled
13. A．different B．strange C．distant D．familiar
14. A．wounds B．wrinkles C．scars D．marks
15. A．heart-breaking B．throat-cutting C．heart-warming D．breath-taking
Passage 9
It took humans thousands of years to understand our own planet, and centuries 1 our neighboring planets. Nowadays, new worlds are being 2 every week.
Up to the present time, astronomers have 3 more than 370 “exoplanets”—planets orbiting (绕……运动) outer space stars (恒星) other than our sun. There is a “hot Saturn (土星)” 260 light-years from Earth that orbits its parent star so 4 that a year there lasts less than three days. 5 another star 150 light-years out is a burning “hot Jupiter (木星),” where upper atmosphere (大气层) is being burning to form a huge comet-like tail. Astronomers have found another three 6 orbiting a pulsar (脉冲星)—the remains of a once huge star shrinking (收缩) into a small atomic nucleus the 7 of a city. Some planets have obviously fallen into their suns. Others have been thrown out of their 8 to become “floaters” that float in the darkness of the universe.
Among all these, scientists are eager to find a clue of the 9 : planets like the Earth. That is, planets orbiting their stars at just the right distance—neither too hot nor too cold—to 10 life as we know it. We have not yet found planets that are quite like our own, 11 because they’re inconspicuous (不起眼的). To see a planet as 12 and slim as ours among the brightness of its star is like trying to see a firefly in a fireworks display. 13 by pushing technology to the 14 , astronomers are rapidly approaching the day when they can find another Earth. And when they do, they can examine it for 15 of life.
1. A．explore B．separate C．forget D．defend
2. A．revised B．discovered C．saved D．created
3. A．travelled B．damaged C．recognized D．ignored
4. A．slowly B．easily C．wrongly D．rapidly
5. A．Removing B．Circling C．Lighting D．Showing
6. A．stars B．moons C．planets D．satellites
7. A．type B．distance C．power D．size
8. A．authorities B．species C．systems D．facilities
9. A．familiar B．previous C．unknown D．distant
10. A．hide B．discover C．injure D．support
11. A．luckily B．instantly C．probably D．officially
12. A．small B．bright C．blue D．clear
13. A．And B．Yet C．So D．Thus
14. A．limits B．ends C．opposites D．beginnings
15. A．examples B．designs C．means D．signs
Passage 10
Donna Urquhart is an experienced runner. She ran 1,402 kilometers over the course of 28 days in Antarctica (南极洲), 1 the record for the longest-ever run in a polar region.
Urquhart spent 10 months training for the 2 , turning to some unusual training methods. A company allowed her to run in a 3 storage unit where she ran in temperatures below zero. Besides, she ran along the beaches with uneven (凹凸不平的) surfaces that are like the 4 grounds in Antarctica. All those proved useful 5 .
The difficulties that Urquhart faced in Antarctica were 6 : taking in about 5,000 calories each day, 7 in a bined with the sound of 8 winds and the continent’s 24 hours of sunlight in the summer months, these were 9 favorable to a good night’s sleep. Urquhart would usually wear four layers of coats and keep 10 her own body temperature while running.
Urquhart launched the Run Antarctica aiming to encourage more women to 11 sport. Though still unsure about what her next running challenge will have, she has set a 12 of raising $1.5 million for charity.
“Confidence is a real issue for females,” says Urquhart. “And a sporting environment provides them with a great opportunity to 13 themselves.” This served as a huge 14 for her to take on a challenge that no other woman had attempted before. “It was actually showing that we can push our 15 , and explore what seems impossible,” says Urquhart.
1. A．closing B．keeping C．missing D．setting
2. A．puzzle B．outcome C．challenge D．examination
3. A．painted B．refrigerated C．heated D．crowded
4. A．varied B．soft C．smooth D．high
5. A．purposes B．messages C．preparations D．suggestions
6. A．new B．tough C．interesting D．exciting
7. A．accommodating B．recovering C．harvesting D．complaining
8. A．gentle B．slight C．warm D．wild
9. A．likely B．significantly C．hardly D．really
10. A．noticing B．taking C．decreasing D．forgetting
11. A．refer to B．apply for C．carry on D．take up
12. A．price B．record C．target D．rule
13. A．support B．trust C．prevent D．wait
14. A．inspiration B．impression C．symbol D．adventure
15. A．processes B．positions C．schedules D．limits
Passage 11
A group of high school and college students from Connecticut have come together to build something extraordinary: fully-functioning electric carts (电动车) for families who may be unable to afford adaptive wheelchairs. They are part of the local “Go Baby Go”, a(n) 1 that helps kids with 2 receive access to self-governed mobility.
“What this is designed to do is maybe for an hour every day let the kid take 3 of their own mobility,” Connor Boman, one of the students who 4 during the build said.
Go Baby Go volunteers learn how to build special electric cart shaped like cars. Local kids in need are then given the carts 5 for each build being usually funded entirely by voluntary 6 . The Go Baby Go in Connecticut finished building custom carts for seven-year-old Kelicia and eight-year-old Mosiah. The day the students completed the carts, Kelicia and Mosiah’s families went to New Britain High School to 7 them out for the first time. When each child got into their brand new cart, their faces 8 — it’s the single moment the builders look forward to the most.
Mosiah was shaking his head in 9 at first that he was driving, but he got the hang of it very quickly. He made driving the red jeep look so enjoyable that his older brother wanted to try it out. The students who built the cart let him have a try, 10 the cart was specially made for Mosiah, who is unable to walk on his own.
It took some 11 for the other cart recipient, Kelicia, to get used to the driving, but once she did, she couldn’t stop — and her mom, Kechisa Mathis, couldn’t stop 12 . As she ran alongside her daughter, someone was considerate to run up to Mathis with a big box of 13 . Onlookers laughed kindly as Mathis kept on 14 for Kelicia through her tears.
They may look like cool, red electric cars, but they’re much more than that — they give disabled kids a way to move around 15 with a huge smile on their face.
1. A．committee B．academy C．university D．organization
2. A．misfortunes B．disabilities C．mercies D．solutions
3. A．care B．account C．control D．hold
4. A．prepared B．volunteered C．purchased D．cooperated
5. A．on time B．in turn C．for free D．for sure
6. A．governments B．donations C．regions D．residents
7. A．test B．figure C．carry D．work
8. A．got over B．broke down C．lit up D．calmed down
9. A．demand B．sight C．protest D．disbelief
10. A．as though B．even though C．in spite of D．in the meantime
11. A．effort B．energy C．methods D．strategies
12. A．running B．laughing C．crying D．sighing
13. A．instruments B．books C．medals D．tissues
14. A．cheering B．applying C．searching D．praying
15. A．luckily B．firmly C．skillfully D．independently
Passage 12
Society has certain standards for beauty. But Romanian photographer Mihaela Noroc, who spent nearly four years 1 photos of women from around the world, is challenging these standards.
She believes that beauty can 2 many forms. “Beauty just means being yourself,” Noroc told NPR,“I don’t think we have to 3 ourselves to be in a certain way; I think we just have to keep ourselves as we are and don’t 4 need to change.”
5 by a trip to Africa in 2013, Noroc hastraveled to more than 50 countries and regions since then. In 2017, she published a book called The Atlas of Beauty: Women of the World in 500 Portraits to show how many different kinds of beauty there are in the world.
From a struggling Russian dancer to a talkative cafe owner in New York, Noroc’s subjects (拍摄对象) 6 her in deep conversation. Noroc found out what 7 them, what their daily struggles and joys are, and what brings beauty into their own lives. “No matter where I go, it’s the 8 that carry all the culture and traditions of a place. I really try to focus on women’s stories, how they face challenges and 9 them,” Noroc told CNN.
Ala, a student at a self-defense school in Jordan called “She Fighter”, left a(n) 10 impression on her. Ala raises her clenched (紧握) fists as she looks into the 11 while her faceis covered by a white hijab (面纱). Noroc describes “She Fighter” as “the first self-defense school for women in the Arab world”, and writes, “I discovered an amazing enthusiasm and a(n) 12 sisterhood.”
In Iran. Noroc met Farnoush, a woman who lives in two worlds. “In one, she is an economist, by 13 . In the other, she is an artist, because this is her 14 .” For Noroc, the women’s beauty 15 how natural and comfortable they appear while just being themselves.
1. A．drawing B．describing C．shooting D．studying
2. A．bring about B．take on C．call for D．carry on
3. A．survive B．change C．impact D．damage
4. A．entirely B．hopefully C．fortunately D．necessarily
5. A．Inspired B．Shocked C．Disappointed D．Stuck
6. A．protested B．lost C．involved D．caught
7. A．expects B．informs C．approaches D．moves
8. A．women B．youths C．men D．elders
9. A．bear B．track C．overcome D．ignore
10. A．odd B．lasting C．overall D．negative
11. A．eye B．camera C．case D．glass
12. A．splendid B．terrible C．awkward D．poisonous
13. A．profession B．effect C．operation D．sight
14. A．battle B．concern C．moment D．passion
15. A．counts on B．shows off C．ends up D．lies in
Passage 13
This supermarket sells only wasted food
Food waste is a big deal: According to the United Nations’ Food and Agriculture Organization, 28 percent of the world’s agriculture area is used to produce food that 1 goes to waste each year. But now, a new supermarket 2 only with wasted food is tackling the problem head-on.
The project is an expansion of British non-profit the Real Junk Food Project. The group has long collected wasted food for pay-as-you-can cafes around the world, but its supermarket takes the concept one step 3 . The market takes food that’s donated by local restaurants and grocery stores and puts it on 4 to sell to customers who pay what they can.
As is reported, the store is already serving as a 5 for families who are down on their luck. It’s kind of like food pantry(食品分发处), but has no 6 on who gets the food. And the concept is not a new one: as is written in another report this month, the idea has taken 7 in Denmark, too, due to a government effort to reduce the country’s amount of wasted food.
Last year, the USDA launched its first-ever food waste reduction goal, 8 to reduce the amount of wasted food by 50 percent by 2030. The agency estimates that cutting just 15 percent of this waste in the United States would provide enough food for more than 25 million Americans per year. And hunger isn’t the 9 reason to reduce food waste. Wasted food has a carbon dioxide impact 10 to the output of one in four cars on the road worldwide and 11 a quarter of the world’s freshwater and 300 million barrels of oil each year.
So why do grocery stores produce all the wasted food The USDA notes that damaged packaging products that haven’t been stored properly, holiday specialties that are never purchased, overstocked foods and odd-looking foods 12 for the waste.
Food waste supermarkets aren’t the only 13 in the fight against waste: From activists working to improve the reputation of 14 fruits and vegetables to craft beers made of wasted products like no longer fresh bread and grapefruit, there are plenty of creative ways to and eat food that would 15 be thrown out. Maybe it’s time to bring the food waste supermarket concept to the United States-a delicious addition to the variety of ways not to trash perfectly good meals.
1. A．initially B．eventually C．fortunately D．generally
2. A．stocked B．connected C．tied D．charged
3. A．closer B．further C．slower D．lower
4. A．tables B．platforms C．shelves D．stairs
5. A．access B．shelter C．donation D．lifeline
6. A．limitations B．situations C．positions D．consequences
7. A．out B．away C．on D．off
8. A．aiming B．refusing C．occurring D．applying
9. A．best B．worst C．last D．only
10. A．fair B．limited C．equal D．addicted
11. A．conserves B．consumes C．reserves D．confirms
12. A．call B．ask C．account D．blame
13. A．process B．technology C．equipment D．weapon
14. A．good-looking B．strange-looking C．easy-going D．bad-smelling
15. A．otherwise B．or C．besides D．else
Passage 14
The Schools That Are Bringing Poor Kids...
A college degree is, in most cases, the key to more money and a more comfortable standard of living. But that pathway to higher earnings is more 1 to some than others: A lot of leading colleges do not enroll a lot of low-income students, and as a result, they’re not 2 very many students from low-income households into the middle and upper classes. 3 , though strategies for enrolling and preserving low-income students are usually mentioned, they can be tough to 4 at scale.
Dozens of top colleges and universities have more students from the top 1 percent of the income scale than the 5 60 percent. And that’s a problem if colleges hope to escape the common 6 that they are little more than a finishing school for the elite (精英).
But there are institutions — a lot of them — that have strong track records of 7 the socioeconomic fortunes of students. If higher education is supposed to be the great equalizer (平衡器), these institutions — from community colleges to public regional four-year colleges — are the ones that are doing the most work.
Colleges should be 8 recruiting and enrolling low-income students — and that means more than targeting ads to 9 students on social media. It means a commitment to going where they are — areas that a lot of schools do not typically recruit — and publicize the process of going to college. Then they should be supporting students with 10 when the students get to campus — whether it’s writing centers, generous financial aid packages, or simply sympathetic academic advisors who perhaps came from low-income backgrounds themselves. And it is also preparing students for jobs after college and building relationships with businesses that 11 the process of finding post-graduation employment for students, especially for those whose parents don’t have their own professional 12 .
Pace ranks first among private colleges in motivating its students from the lowest levels of the income scale and into the middle and upper class. There are a lot of ways in which people of privilege (特权) 13 their college years or having unpaid internships (实习) or having the social capital to get certain jobs. But colleges can fill those 14 , particularly for low-income students, helping students get jobs, or sustaining them with programs that help them land paid internships with top companies. We can provide strong networks through faculty and staff as well to help a new generation, a new, socioeconomically 15 generation, achieve the American dream.
1. A．important B．necessary C．available D．realistic
2. A．evaluating B．urging C．refusing D．promoting
3. A．However B．What’s more C．In contrast D．On the whole
4. A．implement B．replace C．overcome D．track
5. A．minimum B．bottom C．fixed D．estimated
6. A．criticism B．comment C．practice D．goal
7. A．worsening B．claiming C．improving D．denying
8. A．directly B．strictly C．actively D．cautiously
9. A．urban B．native C．suburban D．prospective
10. A．resources B．coaches C．skills D．funds
11. A．push B．ease C．slow D．affect
12. A．trainings B．careers C．standards D．networks
13. A．benefit from B．invest in C．fit into D．advance through
14. A．vacancies B．gaps C．bottoms D．blanks
15. A．competitive B．responsible C．diverse D．dynamic
Passage 15
Dogs Bow to Wolves as Cooperators
If you need help herding some sheep or retrieving a stick, you can count on your canine companion, because dogs always seem to be keen on 1 . But only if their partner is a person. When it comes to cooperating with one another, dogs are truly 2 … and instead it’s wolves who’ve mastered the art of teamwork. That’s according to a study in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
For thousands of years, humans have been breeding dogs that can do all sorts of neat tricks. And because pups aim to please, we’ve come to think that domestication has somehow 3 dogs’ powers of cooperation. But researchers in Austria have been wondering whether that notion could be barking up the wrong tree. Because left to their own devices, dogs are bigger 4 than wolves.
“So wolves live in 5 family packs, they cooperate in raising the young, they also cooperate in hunting and in defending their territory. So they really have a strong 6 on cooperation in many aspects of their lives. 7 , free ranging dogs actually seek food mostly by themselves. It’s only mothers that raise their young. And they do form packs but they tend to be somewhat more 8 , if you want.”
That’s Sarah Marshall-Pescini of the Wolf Science Center at the University of Vienna. She and her colleagues decided to test dogs’ and wolves’ 9 powers of cooperation. In the setup, a pair of animals… either two dogs or two wolves… is 10 with a contraption (装置) that will allow the participants to 11 a tray of food… but only if both members of the team simultaneously pull on the two ends of a rope.
A dozen wolves and 14 dogs took the challenge. And the results The wolves ran circles around their doggie descendants. In some 400 attempts, the wolf teams 12 a snack 100 times, which may not sound all that impressive until you compare it with the doggie couples, who, in nearly 500 trials, succeeded only twice.
Now, it’s not that dogs are less earnest learners. Or that they turned tail and avoided the apparatus (装置). Marshall-Pescini says the pooches (杂种狗) were 13 about the device.
“What seemed to be happening was that they didn’t want to get into conflict with each other. So they wouldn’t both go and try things on it but rather took it 14 . And this really set back their capacity to cooperate.”
So rather than step on each other’s toes, the dogs took turns bowing out, giving their teammate a chance at the plate. That show of social grace left the poor pups with their tummies growling. And no 15 to enjoy.
1. A．lending a paw B．grabbing a bite C．making a mess D．taking a stand
2. A．lost B．skilled C．decisive D．confident
3. A．disturbed B．boosted C．preferred D．affected
4. A．remedies B．winners C．companions D．loners
5. A．closely knit B．hard won C．locally sourced D．well regulated
6. A．burden B．basis C．mark D．dependence
7. A．In contrast B．In particular C．In reality D．Strangely yet
8. A．exceptional B．hesitant C．inseparable D．loose
9. A．relevant B．related C．relative D．combined
10. A．equipped B．presented C．crowned D．lined
11. A．serve B．access C．trap D．fetch
12. A．handled B．threw C．spotted D．scored
13. A．bored B．stressful C．curious D．upset
14. A．in turns B．in balance C．at ease D．in order
15. A．treat B．delight C．pleasure D．sight
