Unit 1 When was it invented单元拔尖检测卷（含解析）鲁教版五四制九年级英语

Unit 1 单元拔尖检测
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分35 分)
第一节(共15 小题；每小题2 分，满分30 分)
阅读下列短文，从短文后每题所给的A、B、C 和D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
If you are reading this now, it is because these words are printed on this page. Could this happen 2,000 years ago Well, you could have read some words but the words weren’t printed by a machine on paper. Let’s get close to movable-type printing.
Inventor: Bi Sheng
Appearing Time: Around 1,000 years ago
Material: Clay
How to work: Make the clay into small squares (方块).Carve (刻) single characters on them.Burn them hard with fire, and then paint ink.Move freely to form different vocabularies or sentences.Lay down a piece of paper, and a printed sheet was created.
Now, we send emails, texts and photos to each other. We can download books, and read on phones and computers. Ideas and knowledge are spreading faster than any other time in history and the screen is replacing (代替) the paper page for many people, but there is still no denying (否认) the value of movable-type printing.
( )1. Choose the picture that shows movable-type printing.
A. B. C. D.
( )2. What do we need if we want to make small squares
A. Clay. B. Paper. C. Words. D. Ink.
( )3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the material
A. Movable-type printing has no value any longer.
B. The screen has completely replaced the paper page.
C. We can get knowledge in many ways not just on paper.
D. Words were printed by a machine on paper 2,000 years ago.
B
The biggest secret about inventing is that anybody can do it! Perhaps this sounds crazy, but it’s true. Maybe you have the wrong idea about inventing, so read on to discover the truth.
Wrong idea No. 1: An invention has to be something completely new.
Inventing means creating something “new”, but the idea could come from something that already exists (存在). The Wright Brothers got the idea of building a “flying machine” from watching birds.
Wrong idea No. 2: Inventors are born, not made.
There are a lot of factors (因素) that make inventions possible. Take Mozart for example. He was born with a talent for musical composition. But other factors were also important for his creativity. His father was a music teacher, and Mozart practiced for hours every day, from the time he was four years old. Thomas Edison said that being an inventor was “99% hard work and 1% inspiration” ！
Very successful creators don’t give up when they get something wrong. As one inventor said, “A failure is the right answer to the wrong question.”
Wrong idea No. 3: Inventors are always old people.
Don’t believe that you can’t invent anything when you are young. Here are two examples of young inventors. Louis Braille went blind when he was a child. When he was fifteen, he invented a system of reading and writing for blind people that is still used in most countries today. As a young man, George Nissen watched some artists performing in a show. He watched how they fell into the safety net and then jumped back up again. This gave him an idea and he invented the trampoline (蹦床).
( )4. In the writer’s opinion, how many wrong ideas about inventing are mentioned in the passage
A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 5.
( )5. Who got the idea of building a “flying machine” from watching birds
A. Mozart. B. George Nissen.
C. Louis Braille. D. The Wright Brothers.
( )6. Which of the following is the writer’s opinion
A. Anybody can do inventing.
B. Inventors are born, not made.
C. Inventors are always old people.
D. An invention has to be something completely new.
( )7. What would be the best title for the passage
A. How to Perform in a Show B. Be a Composer
C. How to Help Blind People D. Be an Inventor
C
Nowadays, some calligraphers (书法家) are marrying modern technology with ancient writing art to let young people love it.
Chang Binghuang is a teacher of Chinese language at Tamkang University. He found that his students liked to spend much more time on computers and phones than writing on paper, and even less time on calligraphy.
“It was quite a blow to me,” said Chang. “And I started to think about how to use technology to get young people interested in calligraphy.” So Chang created a system called “e-pen”. However, this system was not perfect at first. The writers had to watch the screen instead of the hands. It did not feel like writing calligraphy.
Then, thanks to the tablet computer, a new “e-pen” was born. People can now look at the screen and their hands at the same time. The new “e-pen” app became popular quickly. “The e-pen app is for anyone with an interest in learning Chinese characters,” said Chang. So people who have little interest or are not willing to learn will be able to take the first step into the world of calligraphy. For instance, young students can now practice writing characters like “love” and “peace” with a digital brush.
To keep the tradition alive, Chang hopes more young people will learn more about calligraphy with the help of new technology. With technology, the art of calligraphy is set to grow stronger in a new digital age.
( )8. Why did Chang Binghuang create the “e-pen” system
A. He wanted to teach calligraphy more quickly.
B. His students were very interested in calligraphy.
C. He was attracted by the popularity of tablet computers.
D. He found students preferred technology to traditional writing.
( )9. What can we infer from the underlined sentence about Chang
A. He felt sad and shocked.
B. He felt surprised and proud.
C. He felt excited and happy.
D. He felt bored and puzzled.
( )10. Who is the user of the “e-pen” app according to Chang
A. Some successful calligraphers.
B. Anyone interested in Chinese characters.
C. Young people who are skilled in technology.
D. Students from Tamkang University.
( )11. Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage
(P=Paragraph)
A. B.
C. D.
D
The beauty of Porto Santo attracts visitors who love nature. But people need energy and the way it’s produced here is harming nature. The pollution is coming from the diesel generator (柴油发电机) which powers the island’s homes. The local government wants clean, renewable energy instead. But wind power and solar power ebb and flow (起伏不定), so they need a way of storing energy for use at nighttime. Here’s the chosen solution—the electric car, but not as we know it. In the future, electric vehicles here will be fitted with a reversible (可逆的) battery. This kind of battery can store energy for the electricity grid (输电网).
So how does a reversible battery work When the sun is shining, the electricity goes out of the grid, down the cable (电缆) and into the car. Then it’s stored in the battery until nighttime. At night it goes out of the car, up the cable and into the grid to power people’s homes. The car is smart, so it keeps enough power for itself to be driven. On Porto Santo, some police cars are already powered by electricity. To run an effective backup for the local grid, half the cars on the island will need to store power as well as using it.
So is this the road to the future Well, a few years ago, if you’d suggested that car batteries could play an important part in supporting an electricity grid, a lot of people would have laughed. But that is exactly what’s happened. The electricity revolution (革命) is going to bring a lot more surprises.
( )12. Which picture shows how a reversible battery works during the day
A. B.
C. D.
( )13. How does the writer start the second and third paragraphs
A. By offering examples. B. By showing numbers.
C. By raising questions. D. By giving suggestions.
( )14. In the last paragraph, why would a lot of people have laughed
A. Because they exactly knew what had happened.
B. Because people had found the road to the future.
C. Because the electricity revolution would bring more surprises.
D. Because a lot of people didn’t believe car batteries could support an
electricity grid a few years ago.
( )15. In which section of the magazine can we read this passage
A. Nature. B. Travel.
C. Science. D. Business.
第二节 [2025 烟台经济技术开发区期中](共5 小题；每小题1 分，满分5 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。
Bridges are built over roads, rivers, or railways. They appeared a long time ago. Back then, they were built with stone, ropes and logs (原木). Some were very simple, like a footbridge made out of a big tree. 16. ________ This is because we have better technology today.
Bridges are a mix of math, physics, design, and architecture (建筑学). They are designed by skilled engineers and they take years to build.
Bridges must be strong enough to support not only their own weight, but also the weight of the people and vehicles (交通工具). They must last a long time and be built in a way that protects them from earthquakes, strong winds, and freezing.
17. ________ Let’s take a closer look at each one.
Arch bridges were invented a long time ago by the Romans. They were built out of stone or brick.
Beam bridges are horizontal (水平的) beams supported by many columns (柱子). 18. ________ These bridges are very old as well, and people used stone and trees to build them. Suspension bridges have a tower on either side. The towers are connected by cables. They are more modern, with the first ones built in the early 19th century.
One of the oldest bridges in the world is the Zhaozhou Bridge in China. 19. ________But if you’re looking for one of the most beautiful and famous bridges, it would be the Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco. It’s a suspension bridge built in 1937. It is 2.78 kilometers long. If you think that’s long, you should see the Danyang-Kunshan Grand Bridge in China. It’s 164.851 kilometers long! 20. ________
A. It’s an arch bridge made out of stone that was built in 605 A.D.B. The three main types of bridges are arch (拱) bridges, beam (梁) bridges and suspension (悬吊) bridges.C. The present London Bridge is more than 100 feet wide.D. But today, bridges are bigger, stronger and more modern.E. The columns take the weight of the people and vehicles passing on the beam.F. It’s the world’s longest bridge.
第二部分 语言知识应用(共两节，满分25 分)
第一节 [2024 深圳改编] 完形填空(共10 小题；每小题1 分，满分10 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 和D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
William grew up in a poor family in Africa. His family lived in a village with no 21 . At night, they used oil lamps for light. However, oil was too expensive for his parents to afford.
William wanted to 22 life there but he had no idea how to realize it. One day, he read a book on how to turn wind into electricity with a windmill.
“That is 23 !” Though he didn’t know what a windmill was, he decided to give it a try.
First he had to 24 all the materials. He 25 through the rubbish with his cousin in the nearby villages and stuck to his goal until he got what he wanted.
Then he started to make the windmill. The moment his farm work finished in the fields, he threw himself into studying the materials, staying 26 till midnight. Finally, he made it after many 27 . He fixed the windmill on the top of a wood tower to catch wind. The villagers came to look. A long wire was used to connect a bulb to the windmill. The wind blew and the windmill 28 . To their amazement, the bulb lit up. The villagers cheered. William threw his hands in the air and jumped 29 . To produce more energy, he built another windmill for his village.
Born into poverty, William didn’t give up in the face of difficulties. He kept reading, taught himself and lit up the whole 30 .
( )21. A. gas B. water C. Internet D. electricity
( )22. A. protect B. improve C. create D. understand
( )23. A. amazing B. surprised C. worried D. important
( )24. A. buy B. invent C. collect D. borrow
( )25. A. dug B. went C. looked D. walked
( )26. A. calm B. awake C. relaxed D. free
( )27. A. dreams B. excuses C. failures D. meetings
( )28. A. fell B. flew C. opened D. turned
( )29. A. excitedly B. hurriedly C. carefully D. worriedly
( )30. A. team B. club C. school D. village
第二节 语法填空(共10 小题；每小题1.5 分，满分15 分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Zu Chongzhi was one of the greatest mathematicians in ancient China. He was born during 31. ___________ Southern and Northern dynasties. From a young age, Zu was 32. ___________ (teach) natural science, astronomy (天文学), math and so on. The little boy was interested in all of these subjects, especially in math.
Zu was best known 33. ___________ his calculation (计算) of pi (π). According to the record, he did all the work using nothing but 34. ___________ (wood) sticks. It took him lots of time 35. ___________ (work) out the value between 3.1415926 and 3.1415927. No one at that time was able to do 36. ___________ (well) than Zu. And now the achievement is still praised by people around the world. In order to remember Zu Chongzhi, some people suggest 37. ___________ (call) pi (π) “Zu Lü”.
Zu was 38. ___________ (success) not only in math, but also in astronomy. He worked out that a year should be 365.24281481 days long and 39. ___________ (create) the Daming Calendar. However, the government at that time did not agree with Zu. Zu Chongzhi never saw his calendar put into use. Almost ten years after his 40. ___________ (die), the new calendar was finally accepted.
第三部分 书面表达(共两节，满分30 分)
第一节 阅读表达(共5 小题；每小题2 分，满分10 分)
阅读下面短文，完成短文后的问题。
How do we know the time A clock, a watch or a mobile phone can help us. However, many years ago there were no clocks and knowing the time was not so easy. Over the centuries people have developed different ways of telling the time.
About 5,500 years ago, the Egyptians invented the sun clock. This was a tall stone building. Its shadow (影子) showed the movement of the sun. So people were able to know midday. Then the Egyptians made a sundial about 3,500 years ago. It was smaller than the sun clock and could let people know the time for half a day. On cloudy days or at night it was impossible to tell the time with a sun clock or a sundial. Water clocks were the first clocks not to use the sun. Water flows (流动) from one bottle to another. When the water reaches a certain level, it shows the hours. The Egyptians used water clocks many years ago. These clocks were popular in the Middle East and China. But they failed to make people know the exact time.
In the 13th century, the mechanical clock was invented. This was more exact, but it was expensive to make one. Later, the first quartz (石英) clock was developed. Clocks became cheaper to build. It was also cheaper for ordinary people to own a clock. Then the digital clock came. And nowadays satellites send our mobile phones the time to the exact second.
There has been a lot of progress in timekeeping. Clocks are always changing but some things never change. Many of us still have trouble getting out of bed on time and not being late for school or work.
41. When did the Egyptians invent the sun clock
_________________________________________________________________
42. What kind of clocks was the first not to use the sun
_________________________________________________________________
43. Which one is cheaper, the mechanical clock or the quartz clock
_________________________________________________________________
44. Why was it impossible to tell the time with a sun clock or a sundial on cloudy days or at night
_________________________________________________________________
45. According to the passage, what are the things that never change
_________________________________________________________________
第二节 写作(满分20 分)
发明改变了世界，也改变了我们的生活。比如，电视和自行车给我们的生活带来了许多变化和便利。请你以“Inventions”为话题，根据提示写一篇短文。
要求:
1. 短文必须包括提示中所有内容，可适当增加细节；
2. 词数100 左右。
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答案
第一部分
第一节 A【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了我国古代伟大的发明—活字印刷术。
1. C 【点拨】推理判断题。根据“Make the clay into...a printed sheet was created.”可知活字印刷是把陶土制成小方块，在其上刻单个的字，然后用火烧硬，所以判断选项C中的图片符合描述，故选C。
2. A 【点拨】细节理解题。根据“Make the clay into small squares (方块).”可知是把陶土制成小方块，故选A。
3. C 【点拨】细节理解题。根据“We can download books... replacing (代替) the paper page for many people”可知现在我们可以通过手机、电脑等多种方式获得知识，故选C。
B【主旨大意】文章介绍了关于发明的三个错误观念，并提出了任何人都能发明。
4. B 【点拨】细节理解题。根据“Wrong idea No. 1”“Wrong idea No. 2”和“Wrong idea No. 3”可知，文章提到了三个关于发明的错误观念。故选B。
5. D 【点拨】细节理解题。根据“The Wright Brothers got the idea of building a ‘flying machine’ from watching birds.”可知，莱特兄弟通过观察鸟类得到了建造“飞行器”的想法。故选D。
6. A 【点拨】细节理解题。由文中“The biggest secret about inventing is that anybody can do it!”可知，关于发明的最大秘密是任何人都能发明。故选A。
7. D 【点拨】最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲关于发明的内容。故选D。
C 【主旨大意】本文讲述了Chang Binghuang通过结合现代技术与古老的书法艺术，创造“电子笔”系统，以激发年轻人对书法的兴趣。
8. D 【点拨】细节理解题。根据“He found that his students liked to spend ...less time on calligraphy.”可知，Chang Binghuang发现学生更喜欢科技而不是传统写作，因此创建了“e-pen”系统。故选D。
9. A 【点拨】句意猜测题。根据“He found that his students liked to spend much ...less time on calligraphy.”可知，他发现他的学生喜欢花更多的时间在电脑和手机上，而不是在纸上写字，甚至更少的时间在书法上。结合“And I started to think about ...interested in calligraphy.”可推知Chang对此感到伤心和震惊。故选A。
10. B 【点拨】细节理解题。根据“The e-pen app is for anyone with an interest in learning Chinese characters”可知，该应用适用于对汉字感兴趣的任何人。故选B。
11. A 【点拨】篇章结构题。文章第一段总述了一些书法家正在将现代技术与古老的书法艺术相结合，让年轻人爱上它。第二段到第五段介绍了Chang Binghuang通过结合现代技术与古老的书法艺术，创造“电子笔”系统，以激发年轻人对书法的兴趣，文章属于总分结构。故选A。
D【主旨大意】本文主要讲述了圣港岛上电动汽车的可逆电池是如何工作的。
12. A 【点拨】细节理解题。根据第二段“When the sun is shining, the electricity goes out of the grid, down the cable (电缆) and into the car.”可知，在有太阳时，可逆电池的工作原理是：太阳照射，电从电网流出，沿着电缆进入汽车。故选A。
13. C 【点拨】细节理解题。根据第二段“ So how does a reversible battery work ”和第三段“So is this the road to the future？”可知，通过提问开始。故选C。
14. D 【点拨】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Well, a few years ago, if you’d suggested that car batteries could play an important part in supporting an electricity grid, a lot of people would have laughed.”可知，几年前人们不相信汽车电池能维持电网的运行。故选D。
15. C 【点拨】推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了圣港岛上电动汽车的可逆电池是如何工作的，是科学类文章，因此，应该在杂志的科学专栏。故选C。
第二节 【主旨大意】本文主要介绍了三种不同类型的桥。
16. D 【点拨】根据“Back then, they were built with stone, ropes and logs...This is because we have better technology today.”可知，此处对比过去和如今建桥的不同之处，D选项符合语境，故选D。
17. B 【点拨】根据“Let’s take a closer look at each one.”及下文的描述可知，空处列举了三种不同类型的桥，B选项符合语境，故选B。
18. E 【点拨】根据“Beam bridges are horizontal (水平的) beams supported by many columns (柱子).”可知，梁桥是由许多柱子支撑的，E选项符合语境，故选E。
19. A 【点拨】根据“One of the oldest bridges in the world is the Zhaozhou Bridge in China.”可知，此处介绍这个最古老的桥之一，A选项符合语境，故选A。
20. F 【点拨】根据“If you think that’s long, you should see the Danyang-Kunshan Grand Bridge in China. It’s 164.851 kilometers long!”可知，此处介绍丹昆特大桥的有关内容，F选项符合语境，故选F。
第二部分
第一节 【主旨大意】本文主要讲述了William用风车发电，改善村庄生活条件的故事。
21. D 【点拨】根据“At night, they used oil lamps for light.”可知，他们晚上用油灯照明，说明村子里没有电。故选D。
22. B 【点拨】根据“William wanted to...life there”可知，William想改善村里的生活。故选B。
23. A 【点拨】根据“how to turn wind into electricity with a windmill”可知，风车可以把风转化为电，这是令人惊奇的。故选A。
24. C 【点拨】根据“He ...through the rubbish with his cousin in the nearby villages”可知，此处指收集所有材料。故选C。
25. A 【点拨】根据“the rubbish”可知，此处指他挖掘垃圾。故选A。
26. B 【点拨】根据“he threw himself into studying the materials, staying...till midnight”可知，为了制作风车，William 埋头研究，直到半夜还醒着。故选B。
27. C 【点拨】根据“Finally, he made it after many...”可知，经过多次失败之后，William 成功了。故选C。
28. D 【点拨】根据“The wind blew and the windmill...”可知，风一吹，风车会转。故选D。
29. A 【点拨】根据“To their amazement, the bulb lit up.”可知，灯泡亮了，William 成功了，所以他兴奋地跳起来。故选A。
30. D 【点拨】根据“To produce more energy, he built another windmill for his village.” 及“and lit up the whole...”可知，William 最终点亮了整个村庄。故选D。
第二节 【主旨大意】本文主要介绍了中国伟大的数学家祖冲之和他的成就。
31. the【点拨】设空处位于专有名词Southern and Northern dynasties 前，需使用定冠词the。故填the。
32. taught【点拨】主语Zu 和动词teach 之间是被动关系，所以需使用被动语态。故填taught。
33. for【点拨】be known for “因……而闻名”，故填for。
34. wooden【点拨】设空处需使用形容词修饰名词sticks，wooden“木制的”，形容词。故填wooden。
35. to work【点拨】It took sb. some time to do sth.“做某事花费某人多长时间”，It 为形式主语，设空处需使用动词不定式作真正的主语。故填to work。
36. better【点拨】根据than 可知，设空处需使用well 的比较级形式，better 更好地。故填better。
37. calling【点拨】suggest doing sth.“建议做某事”，设空处需使用动名词形式。故填calling。
38. successful【点拨】此处是在be 动词后作表语，应用形容词。故填successful。
39. created【点拨】本句时态为一般过去时，所以动词需使用过去式。故填created。
40. death【点拨】设空处位于his 后，需填名词，death“死亡”，名词。故填death。
第三部分
第一节 【主旨大意】本文介绍了人类从古至今测量时间的方法的发展历程。
41. About 5,500 years ago.【点拨】根据“About 5, 500 years ago, the Egyptians invented the sun clock.”可知，埃及人是在大约5500 年前发明了太阳钟。
42. The water clocks.【点拨】根据“Water clocks were the first clocks not to use the sun.”可知，水钟是第一种不使用太阳来计时的钟。
43. The quartz clock.【点拨】根据“Later, the first quartz (石英) clock was developed. Clocks became cheaper to build.”可知，石英钟的制作成本更低，因此更便宜。
44. Because they relied on the sun to show the time.【点拨】根据“On cloudy days or at night it was impossible to tell the time with a sun clock or a sundial.”可知，由于太阳钟和日晷依赖太阳来显示时间，所以在多云天或晚上无法计时。
45. Many people have trouble getting out of bed on time and not being late for school or work.【点拨】根据“Clocks are always changing... not being late for school or work.” 可知， 即使时钟一直在改变，但很多人依旧很难按时起床，上学或上班不迟到。
第二节
范文：
Inventions are common because people would like to make life easier. There are famous inventions like the TV and the bicycle.
The TV provides us with different kinds of information so that we can know more about the world. We can also watch entertainment programs to relax ourselves. The bicycle is very useful, too. We go to school or work by bike. It’s cheap and most of us can afford it. It makes no pollution, which is good for the environment. What’s more, riding a bicycle is a kind of exciting sport which is quite good for our health.
Though there have been many great inventions, I wish to invent a kind of pen which can help us write more quickly and neatly. If we meet problems when doing our homework, it will tell us how to solve them.