Topic 03 古今科技-2025年初中英语中考传统文化阅读与写作专练（话题解读+文化拓展+文化拓展）

2025年初中英语中考传统文化阅读与写作专练
Topic 03 古今科技
话题解读
文化
早知道
中华民族的科技活动有着悠久的历史，四大发明、天文历法和农业技术等曾长期处于世界领先地位。中华人民共和国成立以来，中国在航空航天、信息技术和深海探测等领域取得了举世瞩目的成就，成为世界上具有重要影响力的科技大国！
考情
早知道
近几年中考对古今科技的考查主要以现代科技的进步和成果为主，目的是彰显中国科技强国的形象，对古代科技成果的考查相对较少。
该类考题的内容一般涉及以下几个方面：介绍科技成果，讲述科研过程，介绍成果的应用、影响以及面临的机遇和挑战等。例如，2024年山西中考的阅读理解介绍了中国研发的CR450动车组和AG60E电动飞机在世界上的领先地位。
Passage 1
完形填空
(指南针发明史)
The compass(指南针)brings a lot to the whole world. It is an important 1 in both China's history and world history. Before it was invented, ancient Chinese on the sea had to 2 the stars to find direction(方向)．Travelling was 3 in bad weather. The compass’ appearance allowed them to 4 tell east, west, south or north.
The first compass was called “Sinan". It was invented in China over 2,000 years ago. It's said that a farmer wrote down all he had found. In his 5 , he described that some rocks stuck to all the iron(铁)objects. He felt very 6 ,because he had never seen that before. After that, people called those rocks magnetite(磁铁矿)．They found a 7 scene: the magnetite could point in the same direction if it was hung up. After improvement, the spoon-shaped “Sinan" was 8 .Its handle(柄) pointed south all the time. Ancient Chinese used it to find 9 to build homes and plant crops.
Later, people developed “Sinan" into “Luopan” with a magnetized steel needle. In the 11th century, people started to use the compass for 10 .It was introduced to the Arab world and Europe around the 13th century. That opened the oceans of the world to travel and led to the discovery of the New World.
1 A. project
B. invention
C. dream
D. plan
2 A. think of
B. care about
C. depend on
D. point at
3 A. important
B. comfortable
C. interesting
D. difficult
4 A. easily
B. usually
C. happily
D. patiently
5 A. promise
B. order
C. result
D. note
6 A. bored
B. relaxed
C. surprised
D. tired
7 A. strange
B. popular
C. main
D. simple
8 A. drawn
B. broken
C. created
D. needed
9 A. pictures
B. places
C. time
D. money
10 A. writing
B. painting
C. building
D. sailing
文化拓展
中国古代四大发明之一：指南针
中国是世界上公认发明指南针的国家。指南针的出现，是世界航海史上一件划时代的大事，是人类文明史上具有革命性的创造。
早在战国时期，在长期的生产实践中，中国劳动人民就从铁矿石中认识了磁石。《管子》中记载：“上有慈(磁)石者，下有铜金。”后来，人们进一步利用磁石的指向性，发明了最早的指南针－司南。东汉王充在《论衡》中，对司南的形制做了具体描述：“司南之杓，投之于地，其柢指南。”
从北宋开始，磁性指南工具的发展进入第二阶段。北宋时，人们利用地磁感应法制成了水浮法指南鱼，同时还利用摩擦传磁法制成了指甲旋定法、碗唇旋定法、缕悬法、水浮法四种指南针。海船上使用指南针的记载，始见于1119年的朱或所著《萍洲可谈》中：“舟师识地理，夜则观星，昼则观日，阴晦观指南针。”到后期航海罗盘发明以后，中国指南技术先后由陆、水两路在西方传播，从而推动了大航海时代的发展。
语篇解读
指南针是中国古代劳动人民在长期的实践中对磁石磁性认识的结果。它的发明对航海领域产生了重大影响，它使航海变得更加准确和可靠。本文主要介绍了指南针的发明史。
答案详析
1.B 下一句介绍了发明指南针之前的情况；再结合选项可知，此处指指南针是中国和世界历史上的一项重要发明。invention“发明”，符合语境。
2.C 根据语境可知，此处指在指南针被发明出来之前，中国古人在海上不得不依靠星星来寻找方向。depend on“依靠；依赖”，符合语境。
3.D 根据上一句可知，中国古人在海上要借助星星来寻找方向。由此可推知，天气不好时，他们不容易辨别方向，故航行对他们来说是困难的。
4.A 根据空前的The compass' appearance和空后的“tell l east, west, south or north”可知，指南针的出现让人们更容易辨别东西南北。
5.D 根据上一句“It's said that a farmer wrote down all he had found.”可知，据说一个农民写下了他发现的一切。由此可推知，空后的“some rocks stuck to all the iron objects”是他记载的内容，故此处指在他的笔记里，他写道：一些石头吸在铁制品上了。note“笔记”，符合语境。
6.C 根据空后的“because he had never seen that before”可知，他之前从未看见过那种现象。由此可推知，他对此感到很惊讶。
7.A 空后描述了这个场景，即如果把磁铁矿挂起来，它可以指向同一个方向。这对当时的古人来说，应该是一个奇特的场景。strange“奇特的；奇怪的”，符合语境。
8.C 上文介绍了磁铁矿的特点，下文介绍了司南的特点以及应用。由此可推知，此处指经过改进后，勺子形状的司南被制造出来了。create“制造；创造”，符合语境。
9.B 空前的it指代司南，根据常识可知，它是指引方向的工具。结合空后的“to build homes and plant crops”可推知，此处指中国古人用它（司南）寻找建造房屋、种植作物的地方。
10.D 根据下文中的“That opened the oceans of the world to travel”并结合常识可知，此处指在11世纪，指南针开始用于航海。
Passage 2
阅读理解
(小算盘用处大)
How can you do calculations(计算)quickly? These days, you can easily use a calculator. But how about people in ancient times? At the very beginning, the cleverest among them thought of using stones and seashells. Then, they invented the abacus. Some researchers consider the invention to be the world's oldest “calculator". Chinese people have used abacuses to do calculations for thousands of years.
The abacus is usually made of wood. It has many beads(珠子)，with two in the top row and five in the bottom row on each rod(杆)．The rod on the far right is for ones (1,2,3...),the next is for tens (10,20,30...),the next is for hundreds (100,200,300...)and so on. To count a single number with the abacus, move the right number of beads towards the bar(横条)．For example, the number 9 is counted by moving one bead in the top row and four beads from the bottom row to the bar.
In the past, the use of the abacus was taught in all schools. It was considered to be an important skill that everybody needed to pick up. Wherever there was a need for calculations, an abacus would come into sight.
Today, abacuses are no longer widely used. Perhaps you have never seen one. However, they once played an important role in business. They used to be a must-have for business people, and some believed that abacuses could help the owners gather wealth.
1 How does the writer begin the passage?
A. By telling a story.
B. By showing a saying.
C. By asking a question.
D. By giving an example.
2 Which number does the picture in the passage stand for?
A.3,781.
B.1,873.
C.1,433.
D.5,423.
3 What can we learn from the passage?
A. Abacuses were invented thousands of years ago.
B. The abacus is mostly made of stones and seashells.
C. People must learn to use the abacus by themselves in the past.
D. Abacuses were useless unless the owners ran a business in the past.
4 By writing this passage, the writer mainly wants to_________.
A. introduce the abacus to people
B. teach people how to use the abacus
C.try to make the abacus popular again
D. explain why the abacus is no longer popular
文化拓展
算盘文化里的语言魅力
框梁档珠运千秋，加减乘除利天下。算盘作为一种古老的计算工具，不仅在中国古代有着重要的实用价值，还承载了丰富的文化象征意义。
很多民间谚语俗语都和珠算有关，比如，“不管三七二十一”“三下五去二”“给他来个一退(推)六二五”这些大家耳熟能详的谚语俗语，其实都来自珠算口诀。而像“算盘上珠－一个顶五”“算盘珠子－拨一下动一下”“没框的算盘珠－全散了”等等这些俚语，至今也仍然挂在中国人的嘴边上。
文学作品中关于算盘的描述也比比皆是。据不完全统计，明清两代笔记小说中提到过算盘的有近百种之多，其中最著名的莫过于《红楼梦》中的算盘灯谜。由此可见，算盘在当时的民间社会生活中使用与影响之广泛。
语篇解读
算盘是中国古代的伟大发明之一。本文主要介绍了算盘的前世今生以及它的使用方法。
答案详析
1.C 推理判断题。根据文章首句“How can you do calculations quickly?”可知，作者在首段通过提出一个问题来引出下文。
2.B 推理判断题。第二段介绍了算盘的构造以及用法：算盘有很多珠子，每根杆上上排有两个，下排有五个。算盘上的杆从右往左依次是个，十，百，千····要用算盘计算一个数字，要将正确数量的珠子移向横条。由此可知，从右边数第四杆代表千位数。结合图片中的“one bead stands for 5”和“one bead stands for 1”可知，算盘上排的珠子每个代表5,下排的珠子每个代表1.综上所述，图片上算盘表示的数字应是1873.
3.A 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，中国人用算盘计算已经数千年了，也就是说，算盘是在数千年前被发明出来的。
4.A 推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文围绕算盘展开，主要介绍了其构造、使用方法、中国古人使用算盘的情况以及算盘的使用现状。由此可推知，作者的写作目的是向人们介绍算盘。
Passage 3
阅读理解
(数字孪生技术保护黄河)
The Yellow River is known as the mother river of the Chinese people. However, flood control and disaster forecasts(灾害预报)of the river have always been challenging for people. Now, scientists can better work on these problems by using the digital twin technology(数字孪生技术)。
This kind of technology needs to use different kinds of devices(设备)。They are set up along the river to collect information and send it to the center. Based on the information, a 3D model of the river is showed on the computer screen. It seems like the Yellow River has a twin that describes its real conditions.
One of the most important devices is "smart stones". A “smart stone" is a kind of detector(探测器)which can send messages to computers. The “smart stones” are put on the banks of the Yellow River to record and report the movement of the stones on the banks. If they feel any movement of these stones, they will send an alarm to the center.
In the sky, there are flying drones(无人机)。They work to look at the river, its banks and flood prevention projects. The drones provide researchers with photos and information. And the researchers use this information to update(更新)the 3D model to watch the changes in water to avoid disasters.
Under the water and in the sky, smart systems are helping to protect the Yellow River. According to the Ministry of Water Resources, in the future, we can expect to see an even more complete digital system for the river.
1 Why did scientists create a digital twin of the Yellow River?
A. To study the historical importance of the river.
B. To make people realize the importance of river protection.
C. To improve the ability to control floods and forecast disasters.
D. To show the quick development of the technology in China.
2 What does the underlined word “They” refer to in Paragraph 2?
A. Different devices.
B.“Smart stones”.
C.3D models.
D. Special computers.
3 The “smart stones” are used to
A. protect the people playing along the river
B. send pictures of the stones on the banks to the center
C. stop the stones on the banks from moving into the river
D. record and report the movement of the stones on the banks
4 How do flying drones work above the Yellow River?
A. They update the 3D model to avoid disasters.
B. They tell weather changes along the river.
C. They send photos and information to researchers.
D. They control different kinds of detectors on the banks.
5What is the main idea of this passage?
A. The Yellow River is the symbol of Chinese culture.
B. The digital twin technology protects the Yellow River better.
C. New devices were invented with the help of new technology.
D. Chinese people need to pay attention to the Yellow River.
文化拓展
数字孪生技术为黄河防汛装上“智慧大脑”
黄河是中华民族的母亲河，孕育了古老而伟大的中华文明，保护黄河是事关中华民族伟大复兴和永续发展的千秋大计。“黄河宁，天下平”，黄河岁岁安澜是中华民族从古至今的期盼，也是黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展的重中之重。
在黄河保护治理中，河南引入数字孪生黄河技术，实现了对黄河生态系统的精准管理和高效调度，为黄河流域的生态治理提供了强有力的新兴技术支撑。数字孪生黄河就是把母亲河“装”进计算机。通过类似全景建模的智能手段，构建拟真的数字化场景，承载并运行实际治黄业务，支撑黄河治理科学决策。
从洪水演进、灾情评估到调度水库和生产生活用水，随着应用场景越来越多，数字孪生黄河建设已深度应用到水旱灾害防御工作中，成为“主力军”之一。
语篇解读
本文介绍了数字孪生技术是如何被用于治理和保护黄河的。
答案详析
1.C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“However, flood control and disaster forecasts...using the digital twin technology.”可知，现在，科学家们可以通过使用数字孪生技术更好地解决黄河的防洪和灾害预报问题。由此可知，科学家们创建一个数字孪生黄河是为了提高防洪和灾害预报能力。
2.A 代词指代题。根据画线词所在句的上一句可知，这种技术（数字孪生技术）需要使用多种设备；画线词所在句继续介绍这些设备，指它们被沿着河放置，用来收集信息，并将信息发送到中心。由此可推知，此处They指代的是不同的设备。
3.D 细节理解题。根据第三段第三句可知，“智能石头”用来记录和报告黄河岸边石头的移动情况。
4.C 细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知，无人机可以给研究人员提供照片和信息，研究人员利用这些信息来更新黄河的3D模型，以此来观察黄河的变化，避免灾害。
5.B 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，为了更好地监管、保护黄河，科学家们使用了数字孪生技术。本文主要对数字孪生技术进行了介绍。故B项“数字孪生技术更好地保护黄河”最符合本文主旨。
Passage 4
阅读理解
(北斗卫星导航助农业)
During the springtime, the season for planting sugarcane in Wuxuan, Guangxi, farmers just sit by the fields and watch the self-driving tractors(拖拉机)work. The tractors are guided by the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System(BDS,北斗卫星导航系统)。With the help of BDS, farmers can complete the planting process(进程)in a very short time.
Modern technology in planting has brought big changes to Wuxuan, one of the big planting areas in Guangxi. "The BDS is really amazing. It helps us plant sugarcane in straight lines, and the distance (距离)between each row is just right. This way, the sugarcane can get more sunlight and grow better," said Wu Qihui, an experienced farmer in Wuxuan. He also started a group to help other farmers.
Lu Ruwen, a farmer who has been planting sugarcane for more than ten years, joined the group. Here, he can learn how to use the modern technology. "In the past, it took me a week to plant 20 mu of farmland, but now I can finish all the work in just one day," said Lu Ruwen. He also mentioned that the machines from the group made planting sugarcane much easier and saved him more than 100 yuan per mu.
The government also has subsidies for those who use mechanized farming ways. Many farmers can even plant sugarcane at zero cost with these subsidies. Nowadays, local villagers are becoming more willing to take part in the development of modern agriculture.
1 Which of the following can show how the BDS helps plant sugarcane?
① It can save the planting space for farmers.
② It can choose good sugarcane seedlings(幼苗)。
③ It helps plant sugarcane in straight lines.
④ It can keep the right distance between each row.
A.①②
B.②④
C.①③
D.③④
2 What did Wu Qihui do to help other farmers in Wuxuan?
A. He provided them with free sugarcane seedlings.
B. He taught them how to choose the right sugarcane seedlings.
C. He started a group to teach technology and offer machines.
D. He organized training lessons on how to make more money.
3 How many days did the BDS help Lu Ruwen save to plant 20 mu of farmland?
A. One day.
B. Three days.
C. Six days.
D.A week.
4 What does the underlined word “subsidies" in the last paragraph probably mean?
A. The money that is paid by the government.
B. The machines that come from Wu Qihui's group.
C. The farmland that is provided by the government.
D. The sugarcane seedlings that are free in Wu Qihui's group.
5 Which can be the best title for the passage?
A. People in Guangxi make money by planting sugarcane
B. An experienced group helps farmers grow sugarcane
C. Good machines and seedlings help sugarcane grow better
D. Modern technologies help sugarcane planting in Guangxi
文化拓展
中国人自己的卫星定位系统：北斗卫星导航系统
与5G通信网络一样，北斗卫星导航系统是我国又一“大国重器”。北斗卫星导航系统的研发，就是一曲我国科技工作者自主创新的奋斗之歌。
随着科技的不断发展，全球卫星导航系统已经成为各国科技实力竞争的重要领域之一，其在军事、民用领域的诸多关键应用，决定其核心技术必须掌握在自己手里。这些技术，买不来，学不到。在北斗系统的研发过程中，我们面临了诸多困难和挑战。在技术封锁和重重困难面前，中国科研人员不畏艰难，迎难而上，通过不懈努力，攻克了一个又一个技术难关。
如今，北斗卫星导航系统不仅在航海、车辆导航等领域发挥重要作用，还广泛应用于军事、灾害监测与救援、精准农业等众多领域，为人们的生活带来了极大的便利和安全。
语篇解读
在广西武宣，农民使用搭载了北斗卫星导航系统的无人驾驶机械种植甘蔗，这既能提高工作效率，又能节约人力和成本。
答案详析
1.D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The BDS is really amazing. It helps us plant sugarcane in straight lines, and the distance between each row is just right.”可知，北斗卫星导航系统能帮助农民直线种植甘蔗，也能使甘蔗的行间距刚刚好。
2.C 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，武启惠成立了一个小组来帮助其他农民；根据第三段前两句可知，加入这个小组的农民可以从中学习如何使用现代科技；再根据第三段最后一句可知，小组提供机械。由此可知，武启惠成立了小组来教授技术和提供设备，以此来帮助武宣的其他农民。
3.C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In the past, it took me a week...in just one day”可知，他之前种20亩地需要花费一周，而现在他只需用一天的时间就可以完成所有的工作。由此可知，他种20亩地，北斗卫星导航系统可以帮助他节省六天的时间。
4.A 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句的下一句“Many farmers can even plant sugarcane at zero cost with these subsidies.”可知，有了政府给的这些东西，许多农民甚至可以零成本种植甘蔗。由此推测，画线词的含义与钱有关。结合选项可知，A项正确。subsidy意为“补贴”。
5.D 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了在广西武宣，北斗卫星导航系统助力农民种植甘蔗的情况。由此可推知，D项“现代技术助力广西种植甘蔗”最适合作本文标题。
Passage 5
任务型阅读
(神舟十八号的任务)
On April 26, 2024, the Shenzhou XVIII manned spaceship's three astronauts, Ye Guangfu, Li Cong and Li Guangsu, successfully entered the space station and met with the Shenzhou XVII astronauts.
The Shenzhou XVIII crew carried out more than 90 experiments(实验)in space so that they could study microgravity in space, material science, life science, medicine and technology.
During the mission(任务)，China's first in-orbit aquatic ecological research project(在轨水生生态研究项目)was started. The astronauts took a special“ fish tank(鱼缸)”filled with water to the space station. Four zebra fish and algae lived in it. The algae could give the fish oxygen, keeping them alive. The tank could also feed the fish, control the temperature and lighting, and collect fish eggs by itself.
Why zebra fish? Because they share 87 percent of their genes with humans. Next astronauts plan to take mice to space. They'll raise them there and then bring them back to Earth for further study. Studying animals in space can help scientists understand how the human body is influenced(影响) under space conditions.
The Shenzhou XVIII crew returned in November 2024. After that, they will help achieve China's first manned landing on the Moon.
根据短文内容，回答问题。
1 When did the Shenzhou XVIII enter the space station?
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2 How did the astronauts study microgravity in space?
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3 Why was the algae put in the special “fish tank”？
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4 What's the purpose of taking animals to space and raising them there?
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5 What do you think of the mission of the Shenzhou XVIII crew?
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文化拓展
中国航天 星河闪耀
中华民族是勇于追梦的民族。嫦娥奔月、敦煌飞天，这些浪漫的神话故事生动展现了中华传统文化中
现了走出地球、探索宇宙、遨游太空的梦想，取得了一系列举世瞩目的辉煌成就，培育了深厚博大的航天
精神，为建设航天强国奠定了坚实基础。
建造空间站、建成国家太空实验室，是实现我国载人航天工程的重要标志，是建设航天强国、科技强国的重要成果。截至2024年4月，神舟载人飞船执行任务18次，其中载人飞行13次，均取得圆满成功。当前，我们正在加紧研制梦舟载人飞船。30年载人航天之路铸就的载人航天精神，是对“两弹一星”精神的继承和弘扬，是伟大民族精神的生动体现。
语篇解读
本文介绍了神舟十八号载人飞船以及航天员此次航天任务的相关情况。
答案详析
1.On April 26,2024. 根据第一段第一句中的“On April 26, 2024, the Shenzhou XVIII...successfully entered the space station”可知，神舟十八号载人飞船于2024年4月26日进入空间站。
2.By carrying out experiments.根据第二段内容可知，三位航天员在太空进行了90多项实验，以便他们可以研究太空中的微重力等。也就是说，他们是通过做实验的方式研究太空中的微重力的。
3. Because the algae could give the fish oxygen, keeping them alive.根据第三段中的“The algae could give the fish oxygen, keeping them alive.”可知，藻类的作用是为鱼提供氧气，使它们保持活力。
4.To understand/study how the human body is influenced under space conditions.根据第四段最后一句可知，航天员把动物带到太空并在那里饲养它们是为了了解／研究人体在太空环境中是如何受到影响的。
5.It can help China make great progress in the field of space.(开放性题目，答案合理即可）
Passage 6
短文填空
(蔡伦和造纸术)
阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Before paper was invented, people wrote or drew on materials(材料)such as bamboo, silk, and animal skin. These writing materials were 1 (real) expensive and few people had the chance to read. So few people wrote. This all changed, thanks 2 a man named Cai Lun.
People started making paper in the Western Han Dynasty, but the process(过程)of 3 (produce) it was difficult and the paper was of low quality(质量)．Cai Lun tried to 4 (improve) the process. He chose many different materials and used different 5 (way) to turn those materials into paper. Finally, he made it from tree bark(树皮), old cloth, fishing nets and so on. His paper was 6 (strong) and cheaper than any paper that had been made before.
With Cai Lun's paper-making skills, Chinese culture 7 (grow) more rapidly at that time. That's 8 more people were able to read and ideas were much easier to share. The use of paper spread(传播)abroad, helping people in other countries record and spread 9 (they) cultures. Today, Cai Lun is considered 10 hero in China. And the whole world should remember the clever Chinese paper-maker forever.
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6___________ 7___________ 8___________ 9___________ 10___________
文化拓展
中华民族伟大智慧的结晶：造纸术
造纸术是中国古代四大发明之一。根据考古发现，西汉时期，我国已经有了麻质纤维纸，但这种纸质地粗糙，且制作成本高，因此普及率比较低。公元105年，蔡伦总结前人经验，改进了造纸术，大大提高了纸张的质量和生产效率，扩大了纸的原料来源，降低了纸的成本，为纸张取代竹帛开辟了前景，为文化的传播创造了有利的条件。
中国传统的造纸技术均为手工完成，选用竹、麻、树皮等植物纤维为原料，要经过浸泡、发酵、蒸煮、漂白、打浆、捞纸、干燥等10多道工序。进入近代以后，西方发明了以木材为原料的机制纸，大大提高了纸张的种类和生产效率，手工纸的使用范围日渐缩小，现在已基本退出了日常书写、印刷等领域。但在中国一些地方依然保持着传统的手工造纸方式，有些纸仍然无法用机制纸替代。
语篇解读
纸在西汉时就已经出现了，但当时的制造过程不易且纸质差。一个叫蔡伦的人改进了造纸过程。他的造纸术促进了思想的传播，并对世界文化的发展起到了推动作用。
答案详析
1.really 这些书写材料非常昂贵。分析句子结构可知，空处应用副词修饰expensive,故填real的副词形式really.
2.to 多亏了一个叫蔡伦的人，这一切完全改变了。此处考查thanks to“多亏；由于”这一固定搭配，故填to.
3.producing 此处指但它的制造过程很困难。空前的介词of提示此处应用动名词形式，故填producing.
4.improve 蔡伦试图改进这一过程。空前的to是不定式符号，其后用动词原形，故填improve.
5.ways 他选择了许多不同的材料，并使用不同的方式将这些材料变成纸。way“方式”为可数名词，且空前有different修饰，故填其复数形式ways.
6.stronger 他的纸比以前制造的任何纸都结实、便宜。分析句子结构可知，空处与空后的cheaper并列，此处应用strong的比较级形式，故填stronger.
7.grew 有了蔡伦的造纸术，当时的中国文化得到了更快的发展。根据空后的at that time可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，故填grow的过去式grew.
8.because 空后内容解释了当时的中国文化得到更快发展的原因，that's because“这是因为······”为固定表达，故填because.
9.their 纸的使用传播到国外，帮助其他国家的人们记录和传播他们的文化。空处修饰cultures,应用they的形容词性物主代词，故填their.
10.a 现今，蔡伦被认为是中国的英雄。空处表泛指，空后的hero是可数名词单数且以辅音音素开头，故填a.
Passage 7
书面表达
(谈谈智能产品对生活的影响)
随着科技的迅速发展，中国逐渐走向了一个数字化和智能化的时代，例如智能手机、聊天机器人(chatting robots)、扫地机器人等智能产品给我们的生活带来了便利与乐趣。请你以“Smart Products in Our Life”为题，根据以下要点提示，写一篇英语短文。
要点：
1.智能产品给人们的生活带来的便利；
2.过度依赖智能产品给人们带来的负面影响；
3.你对智能产品的看法。
注意：
1.词数80~100,开头已给出，不计入总词数；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.文中不得出现真实姓名及学校名称。
Smart Products in Our Life
As we all know, smart products have changed our life greatly._______________________________________
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参考范文:
Smart Products in Our Life
As we all know, smart products have changed our life greatly. They bring convenience to our daily life.
Smartphones can make work and study more efficient. And chatting robots can chat with people while cleaning robots can help with housework. What's more, some smart lights and smart speakers can work by themselves if people give orders to them. However, if people depend on smart products too much, many workers will lose jobs. Besides, some students will lose the ability to do things by themselves.
In my opinion, just as every coin has two sides, smart products have both advantages and disadvantages. Only if we use them correctly can they really benefit our life.