2025年人教版中考英语一般过去时和现在完成时专项复习学案（含答案）

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新目标英语中考一般过去时和现在完成时专项复习
一、时态核心对比
时态 结构 时间状语 用法示例
一般过去时 主语 + 动词过去式 yesterday, last week, ago, in 2020 描述过去发生的具体动作或状态（与现在无关）： She visited Beijing last year.
现在完成时 主语 + have/has + 过去分词 already, yet, since, for, ever ① 过去动作对现在的影响；② 动作从过去持续到现在： She has visited Beijing three times.
二、关键语法点
1. 时间状语辨析
（1）. 一般过去时：与具体过去时间连用（如 yesterday, last month, in 2019）。
（2）. 现在完成时：与模糊时间或持续时间连用（如 since 2019, for 3 years, ever, never）。
2. 瞬间动词与延续性动词
瞬间动词（如 buy, leave, join）不能与 for/since 连用，需转换为延续性动词：
错误：He has left for 2 days.
正确：He has been away for 2 days.
3. 固定搭配
have/has been to：去过某地（已回）；have/has gone to：去了某地（未回）。
It is + 时间段 + since + 一般过去时：It is 5 years since he left.
三、专项练习
Ⅰ. 单项选择
1. —______ you ______ the new movie Hi, Mom
—Yes, I ______ it last weekend.
Have; seen; saw　　B. Did; see; have seen　　
C. Have; seen; have seen　　D. Did; see; saw
2. My uncle ______ in the village for 50 years and he loves it very much.
A. lives　　B. lived　　C. has lived　　D. will live
3. —Where is your father
—He ______ Shanghai. He ______ there twice.
has gone to; has been　　B. has been to; has gone　　
C. went to; has been　　D. went to; has gone
4. I ______ my keys. I can’t find them anywhere.
A. lose　　B. lost　　C. have lost　　D. will lose
5. The factory ______ 10 years ago, and it ______ over 100,000 cars since then.
A. opened; has produced　　B. has opened; produced　
C. opened; produced　　D. has opened; has produced
Ⅱ. 用所给动词的正确形式填空
1. I ______ (meet) my old friend in the street yesterday.
2. She ______ (not finish) her homework yet.
3. They ______ (live) in this city since 2018.
4. My brother ______ (join) the army two years ago.
5. —______ you ever ______ (be) to the Great Wall
—Yes, I ______ (go) there last summer.
6. The film ______ (start) 10 minutes ago.
7. We ______ (learn) English for six years.
Ⅲ. 句型转换
1. Tom bought a bike three days ago.（改为现在完成时）
→ Tom ______ ______ the bike ______ three days.
2. She has already visited the museum.（改为否定句）
→ She ______ ______ the museum ______.
3. They saw the film last night.（对划线部分提问）
→ ______ ______ they ______ the film
4. I have lived here since 2015.（对划线部分提问）
→ ______ ______ have you lived here
5. The story happened two years ago.（改为同义句）
→ The story ______ ______ ______ for two years.
Ⅳ. 语法填空
阅读下面短文，用所给词的正确形式填空。
Last summer, my family and I 1. ______ (go) to Sanya. We 2. ______ (spend) a week there. The weather 3. ______ (be) hot and sunny. We 4. ______ (visit) the beach every day and 5. ______ (take) many photos. So far, it 6. ______ ( be) one of the best trips we 7. ______ (have).
Ⅴ. 任务型阅读
阅读短文，回答问题。
How to Improve Your English
Many students find it hard to learn English, but don’t give up! Here are some tips:
1. Read every day: Read English books or news to improve vocabulary.
2. Listen to podcasts: It helps with listening and pronunciation.
3. Speak often: Practice with friends or join an English club.
4. Write diaries: Use what you’ve learned in sentences.
1. What is the main idea of the passage

2. How can reading help students

3. Why does the writer suggest listening to podcasts

4. What does “join an English club” help with

5. 将文中划线句子翻译成汉语：

答案与解析:
Ⅰ. 单项选择
1. A　第一句询问“是否看过”（对现在的影响），用现在完成时；第二句有“last weekend”（过去时间），用一般过去时。
2. C　“for 50 years”表示持续到现在，用现在完成时。
3. A　“has gone to”表示去了未回；“has been to”表示去过已回。
4. C　“钥匙丢了”导致现在找不到，强调对现在的影响，用现在完成时。
5. A　“10 years ago”用一般过去时；“since then”用现在完成时。
Ⅱ. 动词填空
1. met　（yesterday → 一般过去时）
2. hasn’t finished　（yet → 现在完成时否定）
3. have lived　（since 2018 → 现在完成时）
4. joined　（two years ago → 一般过去时）
5. Have; been; went　（ever → 现在完成时；last summer → 一般过去时）
6. started　（10 minutes ago → 一般过去时）
7. have learned　（for six years → 现在完成时）
Ⅲ. 句型转换
1. has had; for　（buy → 延续性动词 have）
2. hasn’t visited; yet　（现在完成时否定，already 变 yet）
3. When did; see　（对时间提问用 when，一般过去时）
4. How long　（对 since/for 提问用 how long）
5. has been on　（happen → 延续性表达 be on）
Ⅳ. 完形填空
1. went　（last summer → 一般过去时）
2. spent　（同上）
3. was　（描述过去天气）
4. visited　（every day 在此指过去每天）
5. took　（并列过去动作）
6. has been　（so far → 现在完成时）
7. have had　（同上）
Ⅴ. 任务型阅读
1. Tips to improve English.
2. To improve vocabulary.
3. To help with listening and pronunciation.
4. Speaking English.
5. 用你所学的知识写句子。
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