江苏省苏州市吴中区木渎高级中学2024-2025学年高二下学期3月月考英语试卷（含解析）
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| 名称 | 江苏省苏州市吴中区木渎高级中学2024-2025学年高二下学期3月月考英语试卷（含解析） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-04-10 18:12:55 | ||
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江苏省苏州市吴中区木渎高级中学2024-2025学年高二年级第二学期3月月考英语
一、阅读理解（本大题共5小题）
Guided Tour for United Nations Headquarters
Visit the United Nations in the heart of New York City! Guided tours offer an engaging way to explore the United Nations Headquarters. Visit the Security Council Chamber(会议厅), the Trusteeship Council Chamber, and the Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) Chamber. Learn about how the United Nations addresses issues such as climate change, peace and security, human rights, and how you can support the Sustainable Development Goals.
Due to high-level meetings of Heads of State and Government, United Nations Headquarters and Chambers may sometimes close to the public on very short notice.
For entry
Register Online: All visitors to United Nations Headquarters must register on the United Nations Security Website prior to arrival. Click here to register.
Bring Valid(合法的)identification: You must bring an original, government-issued photo ID from a UN Member State or Non-Member Observer State to present at entry. Acceptable forms include passport, driver’s license and national identity card.
Please note: Only original, physical IDs are accepted (no photocopies or digital copies). For security reasons, children under 5 years of age are not permitted on tour.
Hours of operation
Weekdays: First tour leaving at 9:30, last tour leaving at 4:45. Please plan to arrive 60 minutes before your tour.
The UN Headquarters is closed on weekends and public holidays.
Rates for 2025
Adult:$26.00
Student (Ages 13+):$18.00
Child (Ages 5 - 12):$15.00
A 10% booking fee will apply.
1．What can visitors do during the tour
A．Explore the working routine of the UN.
B．Design climate projects for the UN.
C．Attend high-level meetings.
D．Deliver a public speech.
2．What is a must for visitors to take the tour
A．Presenting an original photograph.
B．Reaching the required age limit.
C．Registering online upon arrival.
D．Bringing a passport copy.
3．How much should a couple with a 15-year-old pay for the tour
A．$77. B．$70.
C．$67. D．$62.
To the dynamic beat of Aretha Franklin’s songs, families sit in the crowd at the hall of the Manilla School. They are waiting, eager for the moment when students will participate in a one-of-a-kind program called Spark.
The meeting will pair students with volunteer apprentice (学徒) teachers. Lawyers, hair stylists, and software developers will meet up with students who have selected their occupations as the ones they would most like to learn about. Spark apprenticeships provide workplace experiences that bring economically disadvantaged teens into contact with a world they have probably only imagined.
Nationally, some 30 percent of US high school students drop out. While improved curricula (课程), better teaching, and modern equipment may be part of the solution, “you have to have the relevance,” says Mr. Balme of his six-year-old Spark program.
The gap between those worlds — one of limited expectations and hardship, the other of success and prosperity (繁荣) — hit Balme one day when he was volunteering as a science teacher at a public school in Philadelphia. He was also studying at the Wharton School of Business at the University of Pennsylvania.
The public school was in bad shape, with a high dropout rate. While walking back to Wharton, Balme realized he was “seeing all the resources, and yet these kids had no idea what was right there all around them.” That’s when everything fell into place. The problem and the solution were right next to each other. In 2004, he and Melia Dicker founded Spark.
Apprenticeships are “not rocket science,” says Holly Depatie, Spark board chair. But other coaching programs, such as Boys and Girls Clubs of America, while pairing youngsters with adults, don’t specifically target learning about jobs. So far, Spark has created more than 700 apprenticeships in the San Francisco Bay Area and Los Angeles.
4．How does Spark help the students
A．By updating teaching equipment.
B．By offering hands-on experiences.
C．By financing young apprentices.
D．By improving school curricula.
5．What is the major drive for Balme to set up Spark
A．The dropout rate of US high schools.
B．The prosperity in famous universities.
C．The expectation of disadvantaged teens.
D．The imbalance in educational resources.
6．Which word best describes Balme
A．Reserved. B．Grateful.
C．Observant. D．Modest.
7．What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph
A．To show Spark’s distinction.
B．To justify similar programs.
C．To tackle Spark’s challenge.
D．To criticize current situations.
New research has found a link between the height of ceilings in exam halls and the performance of students. While the shape of a room can’t make you smarter, the environments we’re in have an effect on us. The authors of the study suggest that big and open rooms, with high ceilings, make it harder for students to focus on what’s in front of them.
A previous study from some of the same researchers, making use of brain mapping technology and virtual reality, had found a relationship between cognitive ability and the perceived size of a person’s surroundings. Here, the team wanted to do some real-world testing.
“We were curious to apply our lab findings to a real-world dataset and see if being in a large space while having to concentrate on an important task would result in a poorer performance,” says Isabella Bower.
The study analyzed exam results from 15,400 students over eight years and across three campuses referencing their scores against what was expected based on the coursework they’d previously submitted.
In exam rooms with high ceilings, students tended to underperform compared to those taking exams in rooms with a “standard” ceiling height, even after accounting for age, gender, time, subject and prior exam experience—other factors potentially affecting the results.
“The key point is that large rooms with high ceilings seem to disadvantage students and we need to understand what brain mechanisms (机制) are at play, and whether this affects all students to the same degree, ”says Bower.
Those are questions that future research can find out. It’s clear that environment matters—and that we might not give students the best chance for success by holding exams in rooms that aren’t custom-built for the purpose.
“Examinations have been a key part of our education system for over 1,300 years, shaping students career paths and lives,” says Jaclyn Broadbent. “It’s crucial to recognize the potential impact of the physical environment on student performance and make necessary adjustments to ensure all students have an equal opportunity to succeed.”
8．How is the new study different from the previous one
A．It is conducted in a real-world situation instead of in labs
B．It rules out potential factors that may influence the results
C．It makes use of brain mapping technology and virtual reality
D．It finds a link between environment and student performance
9．What is future research expected to find out
A．Whether exam rooms with high ceilings will disadvantage students.
B．Whether other factors could potentially affect the results of the study.
C．Whether students are equally affected in exam rooms with high ceilings.
D．Whether brain mechanisms affect students in exam rooms with high ceilings
10．What’s Jaclyn Broadbent’s attitude to holding exams in high-ceilinged rooms
A．Supportive. B．Objective. C．Opposing. D．Unclear.
11．In which column of a magazine can we probably find this text
A．Health B．Science C．Celebrity D．Architecture
Artificial intelligence models can trick each other into disobeying their creators and providing banned instructions for making drugs, or even building a bomb, suggesting that preventing such AI “jailbreaks” is more difficult than it seems.
Many publicly available large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, have hard-coded rules that aim to prevent them from exhibiting racial or sexual discrimination, or answering questions with illegal or problematic answers - things they have learned from humans via training data. But that hasn’t stopped people from finding carefully designed instructions that block these protections, known as “jailbreaks”, making AI models disobey the rules.
Now, Arush Tagade at Leap Laboratories and his co-workers have found a process of jailbreaks. They found that they could simply instruct one LLM to convince other models to adopt a persona (角色), which is able to answer questions the base model has been programmed to refuse. This process is called “persona modulation (调节)”.
Tagade says this approach works because much of the training data consumed by large models comes from online conversations, and the models learn to act in certain ways in response to different inputs. By having the right conversation with a model, it is possible to make it adopt a particular persona, causing it to act differently.
There is also an idea in AI circles, one yet to be proven, that creating lots of rules for an AI to prevent it displaying unwanted behaviour can accidentally create a blueprint for a model to act that way. This potentially leaves the AI easy to be tricked into taking on an evil persona. “If you’re forcing your model to be good persona, it somewhat understands what a bad persona is,” says Tagade.
Yinzhen Li at Imperial College London says it is worrying how current models can be misused, but developers need to weigh such risks with the potential benefits of LLMs. “Like drugs, they also have side effects that need to be controlled,” she says.
12．What does the AI jailbreak refer to
A．The technique to break restrictions of AI models.
B．The initiative to set hard-coded rules for AI models.
C．The capability of AI models improving themselves.
D．The process of AI models learning new information.
13．What can we know about the persona modulation
A．It can help AI models understand emotions.
B．It prevents AI learning via online conversations.
C．It forces AI models to follow only good personas.
D．It can make AI models adopt a particular persona.
14．What may the author suggest by saying the underlined sentence in the last paragraph
A．The risks of LLMs cannot be ignored.
B．We need to control the side effects of drugs.
C．It’s worthwhile to explore LLMs’ potential benefits.
D．We should restrict the development of LLMs.
15．Which can be a suitable title for the text
A．LLMs: Illegal Learning Models B．LLMs: The Latest Advancement
C．AI Jailbreaks: A New Challenge D．AI Jailbreaks: A Perfect Approach
Which brand of chocolate chip makes the best tasting cookies Is the tree outside your window causing your runny nose If you want to answer questions like these, you’ll probably need to do some testing. 16 . In order to figure out the real answers to such questions, you’ll need to test your ideas in a fair way. The considerations that go into making “everyday” tests fair are the same ones used in scientific experiments.
Comparing outcomes. To be confident in test results, it’s generally important to have something to compare them to. So, for example, in your cookie test, you’d want to actually compare batches(批次)of cookies made with different brands of chocolate chips. 17 —just to make sure that the chocolate chips are really making a difference in the cookies’ taste. In experiments,whatever you are comparing your test results to is sometimes called the control group. But don’t confuse the control group with …
Controlling variables. 18 . Is it really the chocolate chip brand, and not the baking temperature, that makes one cookie taste better than another Therefore, you’ll need to control variables—that is, try to keep everything about the test comparisons the same, except for the variables you’re interested in.
Avoiding bias. No matter how hard we humans try to be objective, bias can sneak into our observations and judgments. For example, your cookie tasters might be hungry and so the first cookie they eat could seem tastier to them than the rest. To avoid such potential sources of bias, you’d want to set up the test so that different testers taste the cookies in different orders. 19 .
Distinguishing chance from real differences. All sorts of subtle things that you either don’t or cannot control can affect the outcome of a test. Some cookies in a batch might have wound up with a few less chocolate chips than others. The oven might have heated unevenly and burnt a few cookies. 20 —but in small ways. So how to avoid this Sample size is important. The larger your sample size, the more likely it is close to the fact.
A．But all tests are not created equal
B．Components of the testing should be adjusted
C．All of these random factors will affect the outcome of the test
D．You might also want to make a batch without any chocolate chips at all
E．You could also label your cookie batches with letters instead of brand names
F．Such factors should also be considered when data collected are being analyzed
G．In most tests, we want to be confident in the relationship between cause and effect
二、完形填空（本大题共1小题）
When I was a teenager, my dad wasn’t terribly interested in the music I liked. To him, it just sounded like “ 21 ”, while he referred to the music he listened to as“ 22 .” As I’ve grown older, I’ll often hear people of my age say things like “they just don’t make 23 music like they used to.”
Luckily, my 24 as a psychologist has given me some insights into this puzzle. We know that musical tastes begin to 25 when we’re teenagers. By the time we’re in our early 20s, these tastes get locked into place pretty firmly.
In fact, studies have found that by the time we turn 33, most of us have 26 listening to new music. Meanwhile, those familiar songs released when you’re in your early teens are likely to remain quite 27 among your age group for the rest of your life. There could be a biological 28 for this. There’s evidence that the brain’s ability to make subtle distinctions between different chords, rhythms and melodies gets 29 with age. So to older people, less 30 songs might all “sound the same”.
But I believe there are some simpler 31 for older people’s dislike of newer music-the “mere exposure effect”. It means that the more we’re 32 to something, the more we tend to like it.
Psychology research has shown that the emotions that we 33 as teens seem more intense than those that come later. We also know that intense emotions are 34 with stronger memories and preferences. All of this might explain why the songs we listen to during this period become so memorable and beloved.
So there’s 35 wrong with your parents because they don’t like your music. In a way, it’s all part of the natural order of things.
21．A．prayer B．puzzle C．noise D．poetry
22．A．beautiful B．strange C．boring D．significant
23．A．enough B．brief C．unique D．good
24．A．certificate B．honor C．background D．attitude
25．A．change B．form C．disappear D．reduce
26．A．stopped B．continued C．appreciated D．practiced
27．A．modern B．unchanged C．silent D．popular
28．A．expression B．evaluation C．explanation D．experiment
29．A．uplifted B．poorer C．sensitive D．sharper
30．A．different B．distressing C．familiar D．cheerful
31．A．examples B．excuses C．statements D．reasons
32．A．opposed B．devoted C．adapted D．exposed
33．A．experience B．share C．illustrate D．release
34．A．compared B．associated C．combined D．expressed
35．A．something B．nothing C．everything D．anything
三、语法填空（本大题共1小题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填如1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
ChatGPT is high-tech progress, not a revolution
ChatGPT is a powerful chatbot developed by OpenAI and launched in November 2022. 36 (build) on top of OpenAI’s GPT-3 family of large language models, it engages in human-like dialogue egged by prompting. It 37 (design) to respond in a natural, intuitive way and has numerous potential uses.
From a scientific point of view, there is a need to closely watch the development of such 38 (technology) before reaching a conclusion about their efficacy and helpful nature. Technology progresses step by step. So we should not panic thinking ChatGPT will take up jobs 39 till now need humans to fulfill.
ChatGPT is an example of high-tech progress, not a revolution.
First, ChatGTP 40 (make) quite some progress in natural language processing, yet it still has a long way to go to completely understand the human mind and language faculty, because when it comes to professional writing, ChatGPT at times writes plausible-sounding but 41 (correct) or nonsensical answers. It might give some good answers to most of the general questions, 42 it is no substitute for professional advice, such as medical prognosis and prescriptions, or legal advice.
Second, ChatGPT is still a product 43 very limited application. It has the potential to be used for enhancing search engine functionality but, as a pre-trained language model, it will have limited use.
Due to these limitations, investors should not 44 (blind) invest huge amounts to further develop ChatGPT and should not expect quick returns on investment. Yet as a 45 (promise) AI development, ChatGPT is likely to advance in the medium, if not the short term.
四、单词拼写（本大题共10小题）
46．The routine tasks (占用) most of the day are demanding but extremely rewarding. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
47．He improved his grades significantly, (严格要求) himself to study two hours daily without distraction. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
48．The (永恒) of parental love serves as a steady foundation, offering comfort and strength throughout every stage of life. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
49．All (暂停) flights at the airport were rescheduled after the storm passed. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
50．This non-profit organization has been profoundly (有很大影响力的) in advocating for educational equality across developing nations. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
51．E to authentic cultural experiences can help travelers develop a deeper appreciation for local traditions. (根据首字母单词拼写)
52．The scheduled d of Flight 302 was delayed by three hours due to unexpected mechanical issues and bad weather conditions. (根据首字母单词拼写)
53．The sudden fire alarm p the crowd into rushing towards the exits, causing chaos in the narrow hallway. (根据首字母单词拼写)
54．The teacher will a students’ progress through the weekly quiz to provide timely feedback and adjust teaching strategies effectively. (根据首字母单词拼写)
55．After years of struggling with his back pain, he finally decided to seek help from a s who had a reputation for successfully treating similar cases. (根据首字母单词拼写)
五、书信写作（本大题共1小题）
56．你校邀请了梁博士来校做DeepSeek与高中学习的主题讲。假如你是主持人李华，请你写一篇欢迎辞，内容包括：
1. 介绍专家；
2. 鼓励学生提问；
3. 表示欢迎。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右，开头和结尾已给出；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Distinguished guests and dear fellow students, Good afternoon. I’m Li Hua.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Now, let’s extend a warm welcome to Dr. Liang and get involved.
六、书面表达（本大题共1小题）
57．阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
When I was 13, I climbed my first mountain. I still remember I was out of breath when I reached the summit. But I loved the challenge of conquering something bigger than myself. I often go climbing with my friend Mel Olsen, whom I’d met in a Facebook group. Two years ago, on December 30, when I was 16, she and I drove to Oregon to tackle 11, 240-foot Mount Hood.
It’s safer to start winter climbs at night when there’s less risk of’ the sun melting the snowpack. That day, we started at 3 a. m. , following the paths alongside the ski runs. The temperature was about 14 degrees, and we wore layers we could easily remove, knowing the physical effort would make us warm. Along the way, we met two other climbers, and the four of us continued on together.
After about five hours, we reached Devil’s Kitchen, a plateau at about 10, 000 feet. just before the final push to the top. By this point, the wind conditions were unpleasant. My exposed skin felt as though it were burning. The other climbers decided to turn back. hut Mel and I went ahead. We had ice axes (破冰斧), helmets, and crampons (带铁钉鞋底). We were prepared for the climb.
The trail we followed grew narrower and steeper. At around 9 a. m. we reached a patch of ice called an ice step. It was about I meter tall and sloped(at a 75-degree angle. I volunteered to go first. I placed my left foot on the ice step.
You gain a sense of the ice when you stick your ax and crampons into it, and it felt good. Confident I was safe, I put my full weight on it. Suddenly. I heard a crack, and a whole slab of ice broke off the step, right under my foot.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
In an instant, I fell backward.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
I pointed to my left leg and then Mel yelled for help.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
【答案】1．A 2．B 3．A
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍纽约联合国总部的导游参观项目，包括可参观的地方、参观要求、开放时间及收费标准等信息。
【解析】1．推理判断题。根据第一段“Guided tours offer an engaging way to explore the United Nations Headquarters. Visit the Security Council Chamber (会议厅), the Trusteeship Council Chamber, and the Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) Chamber. Learn about how the United Nations addresses issues such as climate change, peace and security, human rights, and how you can support the Sustainable Development Goals.(有导游带领的参观活动提供了一种引人入胜的方式来探索联合国总部。参观安全理事会会议厅、托管理事会会议厅和经济及社会理事会会议厅。了解联合国如何处理气候变化、和平与安全、人权等问题，以及你如何支持可持续发展目标。)”可知，游客在参观期间可以探索联合国的工作日常，了解其处理各种问题的方式等。故选A项。
2．细节理解题。根据For entry中“For security reasons, children under 5 years of age are not permitted on tour.(出于安全原因，5 岁以下儿童不得参加参观。)”可知，参加参观的游客必须达到规定的年龄限制，即5岁及以上。故选B项。
3．细节理解题。根据Rates for 2025中“Adult:$26.00 Student (Ages 13+):$18.00 A 10% booking fee will apply.(成人：26 美元；学生（13 岁及以上）：18 美元；将收取10% 的预订费。)”可知，一对夫妇是两个成人，费用为26×2=52美元，一个15岁的孩子属于学生，费用为18美元，那么总费用为52+18=70美元，再加上10% 的预订费70×10%=7美元，总共要支付70+7=77美元。故选A项。
【答案】4．B 5．D 6．C 7．A
【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍了Spark项目，包括其起源、目的、实施方式以及与其他教练项目的区别。
【解析】4．细节理解题。根据第二段“Spark apprenticeships provide workplace experiences that bring economically disadvantaged teens into contact with a world they have probably only imagined.(Spark学徒计划提供了职场经验，让经济状况不佳的青少年接触到一个他们可能只是想象出来的世界。)”可知，该项目通过提供实践经验帮助学生。故选B。
5．细节理解题。根据第四段“The gap between those worlds — one of limited expectations and hardship, the other of success and prosperity (繁荣) — hit Balme one day when he was volunteering as a science teacher at a public school in Philadelphia.(当Balme在费城的一所公立学校担任科学教师志愿者时，他有一天深刻感受到了这两个世界之间的鸿沟——一个是期望有限、充满艰辛的世界，另一个是成功与繁荣的世界。)”可知，教育资源的不平衡促使他创立Spark。故选D。
6．推理判断题。根据第四段“The gap between those worlds — one of limited expectations and hardship, the other of success and prosperity (繁荣) — hit Balme one day when he was volunteering as a science teacher at a public school in Philadelphia.(当Balme在费城的一所公立学校担任科学教师志愿者时，他有一天深刻感受到了这两个世界之间的鸿沟——一个是期望有限、充满艰辛的世界，另一个是成功与繁荣的世界。)”可知，Balme能发现教育资源的不平衡问题，说明他善于观察的。故选C。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Apprenticeships are “not rocket science,” says Holly Depatie, Spark board chair. But other coaching programs, such as Boys and Girls Clubs of America, while pairing youngsters with adults, don’t specifically target learning about jobs.(Spark董事会主席Holly Depatie表示，学徒“不是火箭科学”。但其他一些培训项目，比如Boys and Girls Clubs of America，虽然将青少年与成年人配对，但并不专门针对学习工作。)”可知，最后一段指出其他辅导项目不像Spark专门针对职业学习，突出了Spark的独特之处。故选A。
【答案】8．A 9．C 10．C 11．B
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述新的研究发现，考场天花板的高度与学生的表现之间存在联系，天花板很高的宽敞开放的房间会让学生更难专注于眼前的事物。
【解析】8．细节理解题。由文章第二段“A previous study from some of the same researchers, making use of brain mapping technology and virtual reality, had found a relationship between cognitive ability and the perceived size of a person’s surroundings. Here, the team wanted to do some real-world testing.(之前，一些研究人员利用大脑映射技术和虚拟现实技术进行的一项研究发现，认知能力与一个人周围环境的感知大小之间存在关系。在这里，该团队想做一些现实世界的测试。)”可知，这项新研究与之前的研究不同，因为它是在现实世界中进行的，而不是在实验室中进行的。故选A项。
9．细节理解题。由文章倒数第三段“The key point is that large rooms with high ceilings seem to disadvantage students and we need to understand what brain mechanisms (机制) are at play, and whether this affects all students to the same degree, (关键在于，天花板高的大房间似乎对学生不利，我们需要了解大脑机制在起什么作用，以及这是否会对所有学生产生同样的影响，)”以及倒数第二段“Those are questions that future research can find out. (这些都是未来研究可以发现的问题。)”可知，未来的研究有望发现学生在天花板很高的考场是否同样受到影响。故选C项。
10．推理判断题。由文章最后一段“‘Examinations have been a key part of our education system for over 1,300 years, shaping students career paths and lives,’ says Jaclyn Broadbent. ‘It’s crucial to recognize the potential impact of the physical environment on student performance and make necessary adjustments to ensure all students have an equal opportunity to succeed.’(Jaclyn Broadbent说：‘1300多年来，考试一直是我们教育体系的重要组成部分，塑造了学生的职业道路和生活。至关重要的是要认识到物理环境对学生表现的潜在影响，并做出必要的调整，以确保所有学生都有平等的成功机会。’)”以及第一段“The authors of the study suggest that big and open rooms, with high ceilings, make it harder for students to focus on what’s in front of them.(该研究的作者认为，天花板很高的宽敞开放的房间让学生更难专注于眼前的事物。)”可知，Jaclyn Broadbent是反对在天花板很高的房间里举行考试。故选C项。
11．推理判断题。由文章第一段“New research has found a link between the height of ceilings in exam halls and the performance of students. While the shape of a room can’t make you smarter, the environments we’re in have an effect on us. The authors of the study suggest that big and open rooms, with high ceilings, make it harder for students to focus on what’s in front of them.(新的研究发现，考场天花板的高度与学生的表现之间存在联系。虽然房间的形状不能让你更聪明，但我们所处的环境会对我们产生影响。该研究的作者认为，天花板很高的宽敞开放的房间会让学生更难专注于眼前的事物。)”以及下文可知，文章主要讲述新的研究发现，考场天花板的高度与学生的表现之间存在联系，天花板很高的宽敞开放的房间会让学生更难专注于眼前的事物。所以这篇文章应出现在“科学”研究栏目。故选B项。
【答案】12．A 13．D 14．C 15．C
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能模型（特别是大型语言模型）在遵循规则、防止不良行为方面存在的问题，以及研究人员对此进行的探索和发现。
【解析】12．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Many publicly available large language models(LLMs), such as ChatGPT, have hard-coded rules that aim to prevent them from exhibiting racial or sexual discrimination, or answering questions with illegal or problematic answers - things they have learned from humans via training data. But that hasn’t stopped people from finding carefully designed instructions that block these protections, known as “jailbreaks”, making AI models disobey the rules. (许多公开可用的大型语言模型（LLMs），如ChatGPT，都有硬编码规则，旨在防止它们表现出种族或性别歧视，或用非法或有问题的答案来回答问题——这些都是它们通过训练数据从人类那里学到的。但这并没有阻止人们找到精心设计的指令来绕过这些保护，这种绕过保护的行为被称为“越狱”，它使人工智能模型违背了这些规则。)”可知，，“AI jailbreak”描述的是人们找到精心设计的指令来绕过AI模型中的保护机制，使其能够执行原本被禁止的任务或提供被禁止的信息。这实际上是一种打破AI模型原有限制或规则的技术。故选A。
13．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Now, Arush Tagade at Leap Laboratories and his co-workers have found a process of jailbreaks. They found that they could simply instruct one LLM to convince other models to adopt a persona (角色), which is able to answer questions the base model has been programmed to refuse. This process is called “persona modulation (调节)”. (现在，Leap实验室的Arush Tagade和他的同事已经发现了一种越狱过程。他们发现，他们可以简单地指示一个大型语言模型说服其他模型采用一种角色，这个角色能够回答基础模型已被编程拒绝回答的问题。这个过程被称为“角色调节”。)”可知，通过与模型进行适当的对话，就有可能使其采用特定的角色。故选D。
14．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Yinzhen Li at Imperial College London says it is worrying how current models can be misused, but developers need to weigh such risks with the potential benefits of LLMs. “Like drugs, they also have side effects that need to be controlled,” she says. (伦敦帝国理工学院的Yinzhen Li表示，当前模型可能被滥用的情况令人担忧，但开发人员需要权衡这种风险与大型语言模型可能带来的好处。“就像药物一样，它们也有需要控制的副作用，”她说。)”可知，作者引用Yinzhen Li的这句话，是将这些模型比作了药物，指出这些模型也有需要控制的不好的方面，但是还是极有好处的。由此可知，作者认为虽然这些大型语言模型有一定缺陷，但是还是值得去探索的。故选C。
15．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Artificial intelligence models can trick each other into disobeying their creators and providing banned instructions for making drugs, or even building a bomb, suggesting that preventing such AI “jailbreaks” is more difficult than it seems. (人工智能模型可以相互欺骗，使其违背创造者的意愿，并提供制作毒品甚至制造炸弹等被禁止的指令，这表明防止此类人工智能“越狱”比看上去要困难得多。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了人工智能模型（特别是大型语言模型LLMs）面临的一个新问题——AI“越狱”，即人们可以通过精心设计的指令绕过模型的保护机制，使其违背规则。文章详细描述了这一现象，并探讨了其可能带来的后果和挑战。选项C“AI Jailbreaks: A New Challenge (AI“越狱”是一个新的挑战)”准确地概括了文章的内容，突出了文章要传达的主要信息。故选C。
【答案】16．A 17．D 18．G 19．E 20．C
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何公正有效地进行科学实验和日常测试。
【解析】16．根据下文“In order to figure out the real answers to such questions, you’ll need to test your ideas in a fair way(为了找出这些问题的真正答案，你需要以公平的方式测试你的想法)”可推理出上文说的是并非所有的测试都是公平的，与A项“But all tests are not created equal(但并非所有测试都是平等的)”表达的含义一致，故选A项。
17．根据下文“just to make sure that the chocolate chips are really making a difference in the cookies’ taste.(只是为了确保巧克力片真的能改变饼干的味道。)”可推理出上文说的是制作一批不含巧克力片的，与D项“You might also want to make a batch without any chocolate chips at all (你可能还想做一批根本不含巧克力片的)”表达的含义一致，故选D项。
18．根据下文“Therefore, you’ll need to control variables(因此，您需要控制变量)”可知下文说的是与因果关系有关的变量控制，可推理出上文说的是对测试中的因果关系有信心，与G项“In most tests, we want to be confident in the relationship between cause and effect (在大多数测试中，我们希望对因果关系充满信心)”表达的含义一致，故选G项。
19．根据上文“To avoid such potential sources of bias, you’d want to set up the test so that different testers taste the cookies in different orders.( 为了避免这种潜在的偏见来源，你需要设置测试，让不同的测试人员按照不同的顺序品尝饼干。)”可知此处上下文说的是为了避免潜在的偏见而采取的措施，分析待选项，E项“You could also label your cookie batches with letters instead of brand names (你也可以用字母而不是品牌名称来标记你的饼干批次)”表达的含义符合语境，故选E项。
20．根据上文“Some cookies in a batch might have wound up with a few less chocolate chips than others. The oven might have heated unevenly and burnt a few cookies.(一批饼干中的一些饼干可能比其他饼干少了几块巧克力片。烤箱可能受热不均，烧焦了一些饼干。)”可知此处上下文说的是影响测试结果的随机因素，与C项“All of these random factors will affect the outcome of the test (所有这些随机因素都会影响测试结果)”表达的含义一致，故选C项。
【答案】
21．C 22．A 23．D 24．C 25．B 26．A 27．D 28．C 29．B 30．C 31．D 32．D 33．A 34．B 35．B
【分析】本文是篇说明文。文章主要讲述了老年人不喜欢年轻人喜欢的新音乐的规律和原因。
【解析】21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对他来说，这听起来就像“噪音”，而他提到他听的音乐是“美丽的”。A. prayer祈祷；B. puzzle难题；C. noise噪音；D. poetry诗歌。根据上一句“my dad wasn’t terribly interested in the music I liked.”（我爸爸对我喜欢的音乐不太感兴趣。）可知，作者的父亲不喜欢作者听的音乐，所以在父亲听来，作者的音乐很难听，像噪音。故选C。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对他来说，这听起来就像“噪音”，而他提到他听的音乐是“美妙的”。A. beautiful美丽的；B. strange奇怪的；C. boring无聊的；D. significant重要的。根据句中表示对比的连词“while”可知，父亲听他自己喜欢的音乐，和听到作者喜欢的音乐感觉截然不同，作者的音乐像噪音，父亲听的音乐就应该是很好听，很美妙的。故选A。
23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着年龄的增长，我经常听到同龄人说:“他们只是不像以前那样能做出好音乐了。”A. enough足够的；B. brief简洁的；C. unique独特的；D. good好的。根据前文“while he referred to the music he listened to as“ 2 .””（而他提到他听的音乐是“美妙的”。）可知，作者年少时，父亲认为他自己听的是美妙的、动听的好音乐；作者长大后，他的同龄人认为父辈只是不能再像以前那样做出美妙的好音乐了。故选D。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，我作为心理学家的背景让我对这个难题有了一些见解。A. certificate证明；B. honor荣誉；C. background背景；D. attitude态度。根据句中“as a psychologist”可知，作者是名心理学家，这是他的职业背景。故选C。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们知道，音乐品味是在青少年时期开始形成的。A. change变化；B. form形成；C. disappear消失；D. reduce减少。根据下一句“By the time we’re in our early 20s, these tastes get locked into place pretty firmly.”（到我们20岁出头的时候，这些品味就相当牢固地固定下来了。）可知，20多岁时，人们的音乐品味就固定下来了，说明是在十几岁青少年时期开始形成的。故选B。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，研究发现，到我们33岁的时候，我们中的大多数人已经停止听新歌了。A. stopped停止；B. continued继续；C. appreciated欣赏；D. practiced练习。根据前文“By the time we’re in our early 20s, these tastes get locked into place pretty firmly.”（到我们20岁出头的时候，这些品味就相当牢固地固定下来了。）及常识可知，人们20岁出头时，音乐品味就已经固定了，到33岁时，应该不会再接受新的音乐风格，所以大多数人都停止听新歌了。故选A。
27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，那些在你十几岁的时候发行的熟悉的歌曲很可能在你的余生中仍然在你的同龄人中很受欢迎。A. modern现代的；B. unchanged未改变的；C. silent沉默的；D. popular流行的、受欢迎的。根据前文“We know that musical tastes begin to 5 when we’re teenagers.”（我们知道，音乐品味是在青少年时期开始形成的。）和“In fact, studies have found that by the time we turn 33, most of us have 6 listening to new music.”（事实上，研究发现，到我们33岁的时候，我们中的大多数人已经停止听新歌了。）可知，人们到33岁时，基本上就不听新歌了，他们喜欢的还是十几岁时形成的音乐风格，所以在以后的日子里，那些在十几岁时喜欢的歌曲在同龄人之间可能还是很受欢迎。故选D。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这可能有生物学上的解释。A. expression表情、表达；B. evaluation评估；C. explanation解释；D. experiment实验。根据下一句“There’s evidence that the brain’s ability to make subtle distinctions between different chords, rhythms and melodies gets 9 with age.”（有证据表明，随着年龄的增长，大脑区分不同和弦、节奏和旋律的能力会越来越差。）可知，这句话从生物学上说明了原因，做了解释。故选C。
29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有证据表明，随着年龄的增长，大脑区分不同和弦、节奏和旋律的能力会越来越差。A. uplifted上升的；B. poorer更差的；C. sensitive敏感的；D. sharper更锋利的。根据下一句“So to older people, less 10 songs might all “sound the same”.”（所以对老年人来说，不太熟悉的歌曲可能都“听起来一样”）中的“all the same”可知，随着年龄的增长，大脑很难区分不太熟悉的歌曲，认为听起来都一样，说明大脑区分不同和弦、节奏和旋律的能力更差了。故选B。
30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以对老年人来说，不太熟悉的歌曲可能都“听起来一样”。A. different不同的；B. distressing悲伤的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. cheerful愉快的。根据上一句“There’s evidence that the brain’s ability to make subtle distinctions between different chords, rhythms and melodies gets 9 with age.”（有证据表明，随着年龄的增长，大脑区分不同和弦、节奏和旋律的能力会越来越差。）可知，老年人很难区分不同和弦、节奏和旋律，所以对于不太熟悉的歌曲，就无法分辨，感觉听起来都差不多。故选C。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我相信老年人不喜欢新音乐有一些更简单的原因——“单纯的接触效应”。A. examples例子；B. excuses借口；C. statements叙述；D. reasons原因。根据前文“There could be a biological 8 for this.”（这可能有生物学上的解释。）和本句中的“simpler”及“the “mere exposure effect””可知，前文对于老年人不喜欢新音乐，从生物学上分析了原因，本句应该提出了相对来说更为简单的原因——单纯的接触效应。故选D。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这意味着我们接触某物越多，我们就越喜欢它。A. opposed反对；B. devoted奉献；C. adapted适应；D. exposed暴露；根据上一句的“mere exposure effect”（单纯的接触效应）可知，本句进一步解释了这一效应意思是，我们接触某物越多，就越喜欢它。be opposed to反对；be devoted to致力于；be adapted to适应；be exposed to接触、暴露。故选D。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：心理学研究表明，我们在青少年时期经历的情绪似乎比以后的情绪更强烈。A. experience经历；B. share分享；C. illustrate阐明；D. release释放。根据下一句“We also know that intense emotions are 14 with stronger memories and preferences.”（我们还知道，强烈的情绪与更强的记忆和偏好有关。）和常识可知，强烈的情绪与记忆有关，说明年少时经历过的情绪会加深记忆，更加强烈。故选A。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们还知道，强烈的情绪与更强的记忆和偏好有关。A. compared对比；B. associated联系；C. combined合并、结合；与……结合；D. expressed表达、表示。根据上一句“Psychology research has shown that the emotions that we 13 as teens seem more intense than those that come later.”（理学研究表明，我们在青少年时期经历的情绪似乎比以后的情绪更强烈。）和下一句“All of this might explain why the songs we listen to during this period become so memorable and beloved.”（所有这些都可以解释为什么我们在这段时间听的歌曲变得如此难忘和喜爱。）可知，青少年时期经历的情绪更加强烈，会使歌曲更加难忘和令人喜爱，说明强烈的情绪与更强的记忆和偏好相关。be compared with与……相比；be associated with与……有关；故选B。
35．考查代词词义辨析。句意：所以你父母没有错，因为他们不喜欢你的音乐。A. something 某事物；B. nothing没有什么；C. everything每件事物；D. anything任何事物。根据下一句“In a way, it’s all part of the natural order of things.”（在某种程度上，这都是自然规律的一部分。）和文章内容可知，父母不喜欢新音乐是一种不可抗拒的自然规律，他们本身并没有错。故选B。
【答案】
36．Built 37．is designed 38．technologies 39．that/which 40．has made 41．incorrect 42．but/yet 43．with 44．blindly 45．promising
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一款功能强大的聊天机器人——ChatGPT。
【解析】36．考查非谓语动词。句意：它建立在OpenAI的GPT-3大型语言模型家族的基础上，在提示的推动下进行类似人类的对话。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语it与build之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语。故填Built。
37．考查动词语态。句意：它被设计成以一种自然、直观的方式做出反应，并具有许多潜在的用途。陈述可知事实，用一般现在时。主语It为单数，与design之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填is designed。
38．考查名词复数。句意：从科学的角度来看，在对这些技术的功效和有益性质得出结论之前，有必要密切关注这些技术的发展。名词technology为可数名词，前无冠词，所以用复数形式。故填technologies。
39．考查定语从句。句意：因此，我们不应该恐慌地认为ChatGPT将取代迄今为止需要人类来完成的工作。此处是限定性定语从句，句中先行词为jobs，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词that或which引导。故填that或which。
40．考查动词时态。句意：首先，ChatGTP在自然语言处理方面已经取得了相当大的进展，但要完全理解人类的思维和语言能力还有很长的路要走，因为当涉及到专业写作时，ChatGTP有时会写出听起来似是而非的错误或荒谬的答案。结合句意可知，用现在完成时。主语ChatGTP为单数，谓语动词用has。故填has made。
41．考查形容词。句意：首先，ChatGTP在自然语言处理方面已经取得了相当大的进展，但要完全理解人类的思维和语言能力还有很长的路要走，因为当涉及到专业写作时，ChatGTP有时会写出听起来似是而非的错误或荒谬的答案。根据并列连词or后形容词nonsensical可知，用形容词形式，修饰名词answers。结合句意可知，表示“不正确的”。故填incorrect。
42．考查连词。句意：它可能会对大多数一般性问题给出一些很好的答案，但它不能取代专业建议，例如医学预后和处方，或法律建议。前后句之间为转折关系，所以用转折连词but或yet。故填but或yet。
43．考查介词。句意：其次，ChatGPT仍然是一个应用非常有限的产品。名词application前用介词。表示“具有，带有”，用介词with。故填with。
44．考查副词。句意：由于这些限制，投资者不应盲目投入巨额资金进一步开发ChatGPT，也不应期望快速获得投资回报。此处修饰动词，用副词形式，作状语。故填blindly。
45．考查形容词。句意：然而，作为一项有前途的人工智能发展，ChatGPT很可能在中期（如果不是短期）取得进展。此处修饰名词AI development，应用形容词形式，作定语。故填promising。
46．【答案】occupying
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：占据了一天大部分时间的例行任务要求很高，但却非常值得。“占用”用动词occupy；“(occupy) most of the day”作后置定语修饰名词短语The routine tasks，occupy是非谓语动词，The routine tasks与occupy之间是逻辑上的主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填occupying。
47．【答案】disciplining
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他显著提高了成绩，通过严格要求自己每天不受干扰地学习两小时。句中已有谓语动词improved，且空前无连词，所以此处应用非谓语动词形式。根据汉语提示“严格要求”可知应用动词discipline，这里表示伴随情况，且he与discipline之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词disciplining作状语。故填disciplining。
48．【答案】eternity
【详解】考查名词。句意：父母之爱的永恒是一个坚实的基础，在人生的每个阶段都能提供安慰和力量。“永恒”在句中作主语，用名词eternity，不可数名词。故填eternity。
49．【答案】suspended
【详解】考查动词的非谓语形式。句意：机场所有被暂停的航班在风暴过后都重新安排了时间。根据所给汉语提示可知，此处应用动词suspend，且此处作定语，修饰flights，被修饰词flights与suspend之间为被动关系，故应用过去分词作前置定语，故填suspended。
50．【答案】influential
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这个非盈利组织在倡导发展中国家的教育平等方面有着深远的影响。根据所给汉语提示可知，此处应用形容词influential“有很大影响的”作表语，故填influential。
51．【答案】Exposure/xposure
【详解】考查名词。句意：接触真实的文化体验可以帮助旅行者更深入地欣赏当地传统。根据句意和首字母提示，用名词exposure作主语，意为“接触”，不可数名词；句首单词首字母大写。故填Exposure。
52．【答案】departure/eparture
【详解】考查名词。句意：由于意外的机械故障和恶劣的天气状况，302航班的预定起飞时间推迟了三个小时。根据“of Flight 302 was delayed”可推知，这里说的是航班的起飞时间被推迟。结合首字母提示，用名词departure“离开，起程，出发”作主语，结合系动词was可知，主语是单数名词。故填departure。
53．【答案】pressed/ressed
【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：突然响起的火警警报迫使人群冲向出口，在狭窄的走廊里造成了混乱。根据“The sudden fire alarm”和“the crowd into rushing towards the exits”可推知，火警警报迫使人群冲向出口；结合首字母提示，用动词press作谓语，意为“逼迫、迫使”，讲述过去的事情用一般过去时态，press的过去式是pressed。故填pressed。
54．【答案】assess/ssess
【详解】考查动词。句意：老师会通过每周的测试来评估学生的成就，并提供及时的反馈，进而有效地调整教学策略。根据所给首字母和句意可知，此处应用动词“assess评估”作谓语动词，且根据空前的will可知，此处应用动词原形，故填assess。
55．【答案】specialist/pecialist
【详解】考查名词。句意：经过多年与背痛的斗争，他最终决定向一位在成功治疗类似病例方面享有声誉的专家寻求帮助。根据所给首字母和句意可知，此处应用名词“specialist专家，专科医生”作宾语，且空前有冠词a，故此处应用名词的单数形式，故填specialist。
56．【答案】Distinguished guests and dear fellow students, Good afternoon. I’m Li Hua.
Today, we’re honored to have Dr. Liang here. He’s an expert in AI, and his insights into the latest trends of DeepSeek are highly regarded in the academic community. His research on DeepSeek has far reaching influence, which has already brought about some revolutionary changes in the relevant technological fields.
This lecture about DeepSeek and high school learning will surely be eye opening. You’re encouraged to ask questions and interact actively, which can help you gain a deeper understanding of the topic.
Now, let’s extend a warm welcome to Dr. Liang and get involved.
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以主持人李华的身份，介绍来校做“DeepSeek与高中学习”主题讲座的梁博士，鼓励学生提问并表示欢迎。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
很荣幸……：be honored to do→ be privileged to do
洞悉，了解：insight → perception/understanding
影响：influence → impact
相关的：relevant → related
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：This lecture about DeepSeek and high school learning will surely be eye opening.
拓展句：This lecture, which is about the combination of DeepSeek and high school learning, will surely be eye opening.
【点睛】[高分句型1] His research on DeepSeek has far reaching influence, which has already brought about some revolutionary changes in the relevant technological fields. (运用了关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] You’re encouraged to ask questions and interact actively, which can help you gain a deeper understanding of the topic. (运用了关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句)
57．【答案】
In an instant, I fell backward. I could hear Mel calling my name, my heart racing and my mind going blank. After a few seconds, I hit the ground with a bang, my limbs feeling numb. I closed my eyes. Minutes passed, or maybe hours. I wasn’t sure. Gradually, my senses returned, and I became aware of a gentle touch on my arm. Opening my eyes, I saw Mel kneeling beside me, her face filled with worry. “Are you okay ” she asked, her voice trembling.
I pointed to my left leg and then Mel yelled for help. Other climbers came. One explained our situation to the emergency service. We waited anxiously before the rescue finally arrived. Then I was loaded into an ambulance and taken to hospital. I stayed there for a week, knowing that I had survived what could have ended tragically. We learned an important lesson: even with the best equipment and preparation, mountaineering can still be extremely dangerous. From then on, we climbed with even more caution and respect for nature's power.
【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。本文以人物为线索展开。作者和朋友梅尔·奥尔森开车去俄勒冈州攀登11240英尺高的胡德山。其他登山者决定折返。但梅尔和作者还是继续爬。到达一块叫做冰阶的冰面后，作者自告奋勇先去。作者把左脚放在冰阶上。突然，作者听到啪的一声，一大块冰从台阶上掉了下来。
【详解】1.段落续写
①由第一段句首内容“一瞬间，我倒了下去。”可知，第一段可以描写作者往下掉后，朋友的反应和作者的感受。
②由第二段句首内容“我指着我的左腿，然后梅尔大声呼救。”可知，第二段可以描写梅尔呼救后，其他人来帮忙，和作者获救后的感受和得到的教训。
2.续写线索：倒了下去—感官恢复—梅尔到来—询问—指着左腿—获救—感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①闭上眼睛：close one’s eyes/ shut one’s eyes
②（时间）推移，过去：pass/ go by
③恢复： return/ recover
情绪类
①担心：worry/ anxiety
②更加谨慎：with with even more caution/ more cautiously
【点睛】【高分句型1】Opening my eyes, I saw Mel kneeling beside me, her face filled with worry. ( 运用了现在分词Opening作状语)
【高分句型2】We waited anxiously before the rescue finally arrived. ( 运用了before引导的时间状语从句)
【高分句型3】I stayed there for a week, knowing that I had survived what could have ended tragically. (运用了非谓语动词knowing作状语、that引导的宾语从句、what引导的宾语从句)
一、阅读理解（本大题共5小题）
Guided Tour for United Nations Headquarters
Visit the United Nations in the heart of New York City! Guided tours offer an engaging way to explore the United Nations Headquarters. Visit the Security Council Chamber(会议厅), the Trusteeship Council Chamber, and the Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) Chamber. Learn about how the United Nations addresses issues such as climate change, peace and security, human rights, and how you can support the Sustainable Development Goals.
Due to high-level meetings of Heads of State and Government, United Nations Headquarters and Chambers may sometimes close to the public on very short notice.
For entry
Register Online: All visitors to United Nations Headquarters must register on the United Nations Security Website prior to arrival. Click here to register.
Bring Valid(合法的)identification: You must bring an original, government-issued photo ID from a UN Member State or Non-Member Observer State to present at entry. Acceptable forms include passport, driver’s license and national identity card.
Please note: Only original, physical IDs are accepted (no photocopies or digital copies). For security reasons, children under 5 years of age are not permitted on tour.
Hours of operation
Weekdays: First tour leaving at 9:30, last tour leaving at 4:45. Please plan to arrive 60 minutes before your tour.
The UN Headquarters is closed on weekends and public holidays.
Rates for 2025
Adult:$26.00
Student (Ages 13+):$18.00
Child (Ages 5 - 12):$15.00
A 10% booking fee will apply.
1．What can visitors do during the tour
A．Explore the working routine of the UN.
B．Design climate projects for the UN.
C．Attend high-level meetings.
D．Deliver a public speech.
2．What is a must for visitors to take the tour
A．Presenting an original photograph.
B．Reaching the required age limit.
C．Registering online upon arrival.
D．Bringing a passport copy.
3．How much should a couple with a 15-year-old pay for the tour
A．$77. B．$70.
C．$67. D．$62.
To the dynamic beat of Aretha Franklin’s songs, families sit in the crowd at the hall of the Manilla School. They are waiting, eager for the moment when students will participate in a one-of-a-kind program called Spark.
The meeting will pair students with volunteer apprentice (学徒) teachers. Lawyers, hair stylists, and software developers will meet up with students who have selected their occupations as the ones they would most like to learn about. Spark apprenticeships provide workplace experiences that bring economically disadvantaged teens into contact with a world they have probably only imagined.
Nationally, some 30 percent of US high school students drop out. While improved curricula (课程), better teaching, and modern equipment may be part of the solution, “you have to have the relevance,” says Mr. Balme of his six-year-old Spark program.
The gap between those worlds — one of limited expectations and hardship, the other of success and prosperity (繁荣) — hit Balme one day when he was volunteering as a science teacher at a public school in Philadelphia. He was also studying at the Wharton School of Business at the University of Pennsylvania.
The public school was in bad shape, with a high dropout rate. While walking back to Wharton, Balme realized he was “seeing all the resources, and yet these kids had no idea what was right there all around them.” That’s when everything fell into place. The problem and the solution were right next to each other. In 2004, he and Melia Dicker founded Spark.
Apprenticeships are “not rocket science,” says Holly Depatie, Spark board chair. But other coaching programs, such as Boys and Girls Clubs of America, while pairing youngsters with adults, don’t specifically target learning about jobs. So far, Spark has created more than 700 apprenticeships in the San Francisco Bay Area and Los Angeles.
4．How does Spark help the students
A．By updating teaching equipment.
B．By offering hands-on experiences.
C．By financing young apprentices.
D．By improving school curricula.
5．What is the major drive for Balme to set up Spark
A．The dropout rate of US high schools.
B．The prosperity in famous universities.
C．The expectation of disadvantaged teens.
D．The imbalance in educational resources.
6．Which word best describes Balme
A．Reserved. B．Grateful.
C．Observant. D．Modest.
7．What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph
A．To show Spark’s distinction.
B．To justify similar programs.
C．To tackle Spark’s challenge.
D．To criticize current situations.
New research has found a link between the height of ceilings in exam halls and the performance of students. While the shape of a room can’t make you smarter, the environments we’re in have an effect on us. The authors of the study suggest that big and open rooms, with high ceilings, make it harder for students to focus on what’s in front of them.
A previous study from some of the same researchers, making use of brain mapping technology and virtual reality, had found a relationship between cognitive ability and the perceived size of a person’s surroundings. Here, the team wanted to do some real-world testing.
“We were curious to apply our lab findings to a real-world dataset and see if being in a large space while having to concentrate on an important task would result in a poorer performance,” says Isabella Bower.
The study analyzed exam results from 15,400 students over eight years and across three campuses referencing their scores against what was expected based on the coursework they’d previously submitted.
In exam rooms with high ceilings, students tended to underperform compared to those taking exams in rooms with a “standard” ceiling height, even after accounting for age, gender, time, subject and prior exam experience—other factors potentially affecting the results.
“The key point is that large rooms with high ceilings seem to disadvantage students and we need to understand what brain mechanisms (机制) are at play, and whether this affects all students to the same degree, ”says Bower.
Those are questions that future research can find out. It’s clear that environment matters—and that we might not give students the best chance for success by holding exams in rooms that aren’t custom-built for the purpose.
“Examinations have been a key part of our education system for over 1,300 years, shaping students career paths and lives,” says Jaclyn Broadbent. “It’s crucial to recognize the potential impact of the physical environment on student performance and make necessary adjustments to ensure all students have an equal opportunity to succeed.”
8．How is the new study different from the previous one
A．It is conducted in a real-world situation instead of in labs
B．It rules out potential factors that may influence the results
C．It makes use of brain mapping technology and virtual reality
D．It finds a link between environment and student performance
9．What is future research expected to find out
A．Whether exam rooms with high ceilings will disadvantage students.
B．Whether other factors could potentially affect the results of the study.
C．Whether students are equally affected in exam rooms with high ceilings.
D．Whether brain mechanisms affect students in exam rooms with high ceilings
10．What’s Jaclyn Broadbent’s attitude to holding exams in high-ceilinged rooms
A．Supportive. B．Objective. C．Opposing. D．Unclear.
11．In which column of a magazine can we probably find this text
A．Health B．Science C．Celebrity D．Architecture
Artificial intelligence models can trick each other into disobeying their creators and providing banned instructions for making drugs, or even building a bomb, suggesting that preventing such AI “jailbreaks” is more difficult than it seems.
Many publicly available large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, have hard-coded rules that aim to prevent them from exhibiting racial or sexual discrimination, or answering questions with illegal or problematic answers - things they have learned from humans via training data. But that hasn’t stopped people from finding carefully designed instructions that block these protections, known as “jailbreaks”, making AI models disobey the rules.
Now, Arush Tagade at Leap Laboratories and his co-workers have found a process of jailbreaks. They found that they could simply instruct one LLM to convince other models to adopt a persona (角色), which is able to answer questions the base model has been programmed to refuse. This process is called “persona modulation (调节)”.
Tagade says this approach works because much of the training data consumed by large models comes from online conversations, and the models learn to act in certain ways in response to different inputs. By having the right conversation with a model, it is possible to make it adopt a particular persona, causing it to act differently.
There is also an idea in AI circles, one yet to be proven, that creating lots of rules for an AI to prevent it displaying unwanted behaviour can accidentally create a blueprint for a model to act that way. This potentially leaves the AI easy to be tricked into taking on an evil persona. “If you’re forcing your model to be good persona, it somewhat understands what a bad persona is,” says Tagade.
Yinzhen Li at Imperial College London says it is worrying how current models can be misused, but developers need to weigh such risks with the potential benefits of LLMs. “Like drugs, they also have side effects that need to be controlled,” she says.
12．What does the AI jailbreak refer to
A．The technique to break restrictions of AI models.
B．The initiative to set hard-coded rules for AI models.
C．The capability of AI models improving themselves.
D．The process of AI models learning new information.
13．What can we know about the persona modulation
A．It can help AI models understand emotions.
B．It prevents AI learning via online conversations.
C．It forces AI models to follow only good personas.
D．It can make AI models adopt a particular persona.
14．What may the author suggest by saying the underlined sentence in the last paragraph
A．The risks of LLMs cannot be ignored.
B．We need to control the side effects of drugs.
C．It’s worthwhile to explore LLMs’ potential benefits.
D．We should restrict the development of LLMs.
15．Which can be a suitable title for the text
A．LLMs: Illegal Learning Models B．LLMs: The Latest Advancement
C．AI Jailbreaks: A New Challenge D．AI Jailbreaks: A Perfect Approach
Which brand of chocolate chip makes the best tasting cookies Is the tree outside your window causing your runny nose If you want to answer questions like these, you’ll probably need to do some testing. 16 . In order to figure out the real answers to such questions, you’ll need to test your ideas in a fair way. The considerations that go into making “everyday” tests fair are the same ones used in scientific experiments.
Comparing outcomes. To be confident in test results, it’s generally important to have something to compare them to. So, for example, in your cookie test, you’d want to actually compare batches(批次)of cookies made with different brands of chocolate chips. 17 —just to make sure that the chocolate chips are really making a difference in the cookies’ taste. In experiments,whatever you are comparing your test results to is sometimes called the control group. But don’t confuse the control group with …
Controlling variables. 18 . Is it really the chocolate chip brand, and not the baking temperature, that makes one cookie taste better than another Therefore, you’ll need to control variables—that is, try to keep everything about the test comparisons the same, except for the variables you’re interested in.
Avoiding bias. No matter how hard we humans try to be objective, bias can sneak into our observations and judgments. For example, your cookie tasters might be hungry and so the first cookie they eat could seem tastier to them than the rest. To avoid such potential sources of bias, you’d want to set up the test so that different testers taste the cookies in different orders. 19 .
Distinguishing chance from real differences. All sorts of subtle things that you either don’t or cannot control can affect the outcome of a test. Some cookies in a batch might have wound up with a few less chocolate chips than others. The oven might have heated unevenly and burnt a few cookies. 20 —but in small ways. So how to avoid this Sample size is important. The larger your sample size, the more likely it is close to the fact.
A．But all tests are not created equal
B．Components of the testing should be adjusted
C．All of these random factors will affect the outcome of the test
D．You might also want to make a batch without any chocolate chips at all
E．You could also label your cookie batches with letters instead of brand names
F．Such factors should also be considered when data collected are being analyzed
G．In most tests, we want to be confident in the relationship between cause and effect
二、完形填空（本大题共1小题）
When I was a teenager, my dad wasn’t terribly interested in the music I liked. To him, it just sounded like “ 21 ”, while he referred to the music he listened to as“ 22 .” As I’ve grown older, I’ll often hear people of my age say things like “they just don’t make 23 music like they used to.”
Luckily, my 24 as a psychologist has given me some insights into this puzzle. We know that musical tastes begin to 25 when we’re teenagers. By the time we’re in our early 20s, these tastes get locked into place pretty firmly.
In fact, studies have found that by the time we turn 33, most of us have 26 listening to new music. Meanwhile, those familiar songs released when you’re in your early teens are likely to remain quite 27 among your age group for the rest of your life. There could be a biological 28 for this. There’s evidence that the brain’s ability to make subtle distinctions between different chords, rhythms and melodies gets 29 with age. So to older people, less 30 songs might all “sound the same”.
But I believe there are some simpler 31 for older people’s dislike of newer music-the “mere exposure effect”. It means that the more we’re 32 to something, the more we tend to like it.
Psychology research has shown that the emotions that we 33 as teens seem more intense than those that come later. We also know that intense emotions are 34 with stronger memories and preferences. All of this might explain why the songs we listen to during this period become so memorable and beloved.
So there’s 35 wrong with your parents because they don’t like your music. In a way, it’s all part of the natural order of things.
21．A．prayer B．puzzle C．noise D．poetry
22．A．beautiful B．strange C．boring D．significant
23．A．enough B．brief C．unique D．good
24．A．certificate B．honor C．background D．attitude
25．A．change B．form C．disappear D．reduce
26．A．stopped B．continued C．appreciated D．practiced
27．A．modern B．unchanged C．silent D．popular
28．A．expression B．evaluation C．explanation D．experiment
29．A．uplifted B．poorer C．sensitive D．sharper
30．A．different B．distressing C．familiar D．cheerful
31．A．examples B．excuses C．statements D．reasons
32．A．opposed B．devoted C．adapted D．exposed
33．A．experience B．share C．illustrate D．release
34．A．compared B．associated C．combined D．expressed
35．A．something B．nothing C．everything D．anything
三、语法填空（本大题共1小题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填如1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
ChatGPT is high-tech progress, not a revolution
ChatGPT is a powerful chatbot developed by OpenAI and launched in November 2022. 36 (build) on top of OpenAI’s GPT-3 family of large language models, it engages in human-like dialogue egged by prompting. It 37 (design) to respond in a natural, intuitive way and has numerous potential uses.
From a scientific point of view, there is a need to closely watch the development of such 38 (technology) before reaching a conclusion about their efficacy and helpful nature. Technology progresses step by step. So we should not panic thinking ChatGPT will take up jobs 39 till now need humans to fulfill.
ChatGPT is an example of high-tech progress, not a revolution.
First, ChatGTP 40 (make) quite some progress in natural language processing, yet it still has a long way to go to completely understand the human mind and language faculty, because when it comes to professional writing, ChatGPT at times writes plausible-sounding but 41 (correct) or nonsensical answers. It might give some good answers to most of the general questions, 42 it is no substitute for professional advice, such as medical prognosis and prescriptions, or legal advice.
Second, ChatGPT is still a product 43 very limited application. It has the potential to be used for enhancing search engine functionality but, as a pre-trained language model, it will have limited use.
Due to these limitations, investors should not 44 (blind) invest huge amounts to further develop ChatGPT and should not expect quick returns on investment. Yet as a 45 (promise) AI development, ChatGPT is likely to advance in the medium, if not the short term.
四、单词拼写（本大题共10小题）
46．The routine tasks (占用) most of the day are demanding but extremely rewarding. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
47．He improved his grades significantly, (严格要求) himself to study two hours daily without distraction. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
48．The (永恒) of parental love serves as a steady foundation, offering comfort and strength throughout every stage of life. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
49．All (暂停) flights at the airport were rescheduled after the storm passed. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
50．This non-profit organization has been profoundly (有很大影响力的) in advocating for educational equality across developing nations. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
51．E to authentic cultural experiences can help travelers develop a deeper appreciation for local traditions. (根据首字母单词拼写)
52．The scheduled d of Flight 302 was delayed by three hours due to unexpected mechanical issues and bad weather conditions. (根据首字母单词拼写)
53．The sudden fire alarm p the crowd into rushing towards the exits, causing chaos in the narrow hallway. (根据首字母单词拼写)
54．The teacher will a students’ progress through the weekly quiz to provide timely feedback and adjust teaching strategies effectively. (根据首字母单词拼写)
55．After years of struggling with his back pain, he finally decided to seek help from a s who had a reputation for successfully treating similar cases. (根据首字母单词拼写)
五、书信写作（本大题共1小题）
56．你校邀请了梁博士来校做DeepSeek与高中学习的主题讲。假如你是主持人李华，请你写一篇欢迎辞，内容包括：
1. 介绍专家；
2. 鼓励学生提问；
3. 表示欢迎。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右，开头和结尾已给出；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Distinguished guests and dear fellow students, Good afternoon. I’m Li Hua.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Now, let’s extend a warm welcome to Dr. Liang and get involved.
六、书面表达（本大题共1小题）
57．阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
When I was 13, I climbed my first mountain. I still remember I was out of breath when I reached the summit. But I loved the challenge of conquering something bigger than myself. I often go climbing with my friend Mel Olsen, whom I’d met in a Facebook group. Two years ago, on December 30, when I was 16, she and I drove to Oregon to tackle 11, 240-foot Mount Hood.
It’s safer to start winter climbs at night when there’s less risk of’ the sun melting the snowpack. That day, we started at 3 a. m. , following the paths alongside the ski runs. The temperature was about 14 degrees, and we wore layers we could easily remove, knowing the physical effort would make us warm. Along the way, we met two other climbers, and the four of us continued on together.
After about five hours, we reached Devil’s Kitchen, a plateau at about 10, 000 feet. just before the final push to the top. By this point, the wind conditions were unpleasant. My exposed skin felt as though it were burning. The other climbers decided to turn back. hut Mel and I went ahead. We had ice axes (破冰斧), helmets, and crampons (带铁钉鞋底). We were prepared for the climb.
The trail we followed grew narrower and steeper. At around 9 a. m. we reached a patch of ice called an ice step. It was about I meter tall and sloped(at a 75-degree angle. I volunteered to go first. I placed my left foot on the ice step.
You gain a sense of the ice when you stick your ax and crampons into it, and it felt good. Confident I was safe, I put my full weight on it. Suddenly. I heard a crack, and a whole slab of ice broke off the step, right under my foot.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
In an instant, I fell backward.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
I pointed to my left leg and then Mel yelled for help.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
【答案】1．A 2．B 3．A
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍纽约联合国总部的导游参观项目，包括可参观的地方、参观要求、开放时间及收费标准等信息。
【解析】1．推理判断题。根据第一段“Guided tours offer an engaging way to explore the United Nations Headquarters. Visit the Security Council Chamber (会议厅), the Trusteeship Council Chamber, and the Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) Chamber. Learn about how the United Nations addresses issues such as climate change, peace and security, human rights, and how you can support the Sustainable Development Goals.(有导游带领的参观活动提供了一种引人入胜的方式来探索联合国总部。参观安全理事会会议厅、托管理事会会议厅和经济及社会理事会会议厅。了解联合国如何处理气候变化、和平与安全、人权等问题，以及你如何支持可持续发展目标。)”可知，游客在参观期间可以探索联合国的工作日常，了解其处理各种问题的方式等。故选A项。
2．细节理解题。根据For entry中“For security reasons, children under 5 years of age are not permitted on tour.(出于安全原因，5 岁以下儿童不得参加参观。)”可知，参加参观的游客必须达到规定的年龄限制，即5岁及以上。故选B项。
3．细节理解题。根据Rates for 2025中“Adult:$26.00 Student (Ages 13+):$18.00 A 10% booking fee will apply.(成人：26 美元；学生（13 岁及以上）：18 美元；将收取10% 的预订费。)”可知，一对夫妇是两个成人，费用为26×2=52美元，一个15岁的孩子属于学生，费用为18美元，那么总费用为52+18=70美元，再加上10% 的预订费70×10%=7美元，总共要支付70+7=77美元。故选A项。
【答案】4．B 5．D 6．C 7．A
【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍了Spark项目，包括其起源、目的、实施方式以及与其他教练项目的区别。
【解析】4．细节理解题。根据第二段“Spark apprenticeships provide workplace experiences that bring economically disadvantaged teens into contact with a world they have probably only imagined.(Spark学徒计划提供了职场经验，让经济状况不佳的青少年接触到一个他们可能只是想象出来的世界。)”可知，该项目通过提供实践经验帮助学生。故选B。
5．细节理解题。根据第四段“The gap between those worlds — one of limited expectations and hardship, the other of success and prosperity (繁荣) — hit Balme one day when he was volunteering as a science teacher at a public school in Philadelphia.(当Balme在费城的一所公立学校担任科学教师志愿者时，他有一天深刻感受到了这两个世界之间的鸿沟——一个是期望有限、充满艰辛的世界，另一个是成功与繁荣的世界。)”可知，教育资源的不平衡促使他创立Spark。故选D。
6．推理判断题。根据第四段“The gap between those worlds — one of limited expectations and hardship, the other of success and prosperity (繁荣) — hit Balme one day when he was volunteering as a science teacher at a public school in Philadelphia.(当Balme在费城的一所公立学校担任科学教师志愿者时，他有一天深刻感受到了这两个世界之间的鸿沟——一个是期望有限、充满艰辛的世界，另一个是成功与繁荣的世界。)”可知，Balme能发现教育资源的不平衡问题，说明他善于观察的。故选C。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Apprenticeships are “not rocket science,” says Holly Depatie, Spark board chair. But other coaching programs, such as Boys and Girls Clubs of America, while pairing youngsters with adults, don’t specifically target learning about jobs.(Spark董事会主席Holly Depatie表示，学徒“不是火箭科学”。但其他一些培训项目，比如Boys and Girls Clubs of America，虽然将青少年与成年人配对，但并不专门针对学习工作。)”可知，最后一段指出其他辅导项目不像Spark专门针对职业学习，突出了Spark的独特之处。故选A。
【答案】8．A 9．C 10．C 11．B
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述新的研究发现，考场天花板的高度与学生的表现之间存在联系，天花板很高的宽敞开放的房间会让学生更难专注于眼前的事物。
【解析】8．细节理解题。由文章第二段“A previous study from some of the same researchers, making use of brain mapping technology and virtual reality, had found a relationship between cognitive ability and the perceived size of a person’s surroundings. Here, the team wanted to do some real-world testing.(之前，一些研究人员利用大脑映射技术和虚拟现实技术进行的一项研究发现，认知能力与一个人周围环境的感知大小之间存在关系。在这里，该团队想做一些现实世界的测试。)”可知，这项新研究与之前的研究不同，因为它是在现实世界中进行的，而不是在实验室中进行的。故选A项。
9．细节理解题。由文章倒数第三段“The key point is that large rooms with high ceilings seem to disadvantage students and we need to understand what brain mechanisms (机制) are at play, and whether this affects all students to the same degree, (关键在于，天花板高的大房间似乎对学生不利，我们需要了解大脑机制在起什么作用，以及这是否会对所有学生产生同样的影响，)”以及倒数第二段“Those are questions that future research can find out. (这些都是未来研究可以发现的问题。)”可知，未来的研究有望发现学生在天花板很高的考场是否同样受到影响。故选C项。
10．推理判断题。由文章最后一段“‘Examinations have been a key part of our education system for over 1,300 years, shaping students career paths and lives,’ says Jaclyn Broadbent. ‘It’s crucial to recognize the potential impact of the physical environment on student performance and make necessary adjustments to ensure all students have an equal opportunity to succeed.’(Jaclyn Broadbent说：‘1300多年来，考试一直是我们教育体系的重要组成部分，塑造了学生的职业道路和生活。至关重要的是要认识到物理环境对学生表现的潜在影响，并做出必要的调整，以确保所有学生都有平等的成功机会。’)”以及第一段“The authors of the study suggest that big and open rooms, with high ceilings, make it harder for students to focus on what’s in front of them.(该研究的作者认为，天花板很高的宽敞开放的房间让学生更难专注于眼前的事物。)”可知，Jaclyn Broadbent是反对在天花板很高的房间里举行考试。故选C项。
11．推理判断题。由文章第一段“New research has found a link between the height of ceilings in exam halls and the performance of students. While the shape of a room can’t make you smarter, the environments we’re in have an effect on us. The authors of the study suggest that big and open rooms, with high ceilings, make it harder for students to focus on what’s in front of them.(新的研究发现，考场天花板的高度与学生的表现之间存在联系。虽然房间的形状不能让你更聪明，但我们所处的环境会对我们产生影响。该研究的作者认为，天花板很高的宽敞开放的房间会让学生更难专注于眼前的事物。)”以及下文可知，文章主要讲述新的研究发现，考场天花板的高度与学生的表现之间存在联系，天花板很高的宽敞开放的房间会让学生更难专注于眼前的事物。所以这篇文章应出现在“科学”研究栏目。故选B项。
【答案】12．A 13．D 14．C 15．C
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能模型（特别是大型语言模型）在遵循规则、防止不良行为方面存在的问题，以及研究人员对此进行的探索和发现。
【解析】12．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Many publicly available large language models(LLMs), such as ChatGPT, have hard-coded rules that aim to prevent them from exhibiting racial or sexual discrimination, or answering questions with illegal or problematic answers - things they have learned from humans via training data. But that hasn’t stopped people from finding carefully designed instructions that block these protections, known as “jailbreaks”, making AI models disobey the rules. (许多公开可用的大型语言模型（LLMs），如ChatGPT，都有硬编码规则，旨在防止它们表现出种族或性别歧视，或用非法或有问题的答案来回答问题——这些都是它们通过训练数据从人类那里学到的。但这并没有阻止人们找到精心设计的指令来绕过这些保护，这种绕过保护的行为被称为“越狱”，它使人工智能模型违背了这些规则。)”可知，，“AI jailbreak”描述的是人们找到精心设计的指令来绕过AI模型中的保护机制，使其能够执行原本被禁止的任务或提供被禁止的信息。这实际上是一种打破AI模型原有限制或规则的技术。故选A。
13．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Now, Arush Tagade at Leap Laboratories and his co-workers have found a process of jailbreaks. They found that they could simply instruct one LLM to convince other models to adopt a persona (角色), which is able to answer questions the base model has been programmed to refuse. This process is called “persona modulation (调节)”. (现在，Leap实验室的Arush Tagade和他的同事已经发现了一种越狱过程。他们发现，他们可以简单地指示一个大型语言模型说服其他模型采用一种角色，这个角色能够回答基础模型已被编程拒绝回答的问题。这个过程被称为“角色调节”。)”可知，通过与模型进行适当的对话，就有可能使其采用特定的角色。故选D。
14．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Yinzhen Li at Imperial College London says it is worrying how current models can be misused, but developers need to weigh such risks with the potential benefits of LLMs. “Like drugs, they also have side effects that need to be controlled,” she says. (伦敦帝国理工学院的Yinzhen Li表示，当前模型可能被滥用的情况令人担忧，但开发人员需要权衡这种风险与大型语言模型可能带来的好处。“就像药物一样，它们也有需要控制的副作用，”她说。)”可知，作者引用Yinzhen Li的这句话，是将这些模型比作了药物，指出这些模型也有需要控制的不好的方面，但是还是极有好处的。由此可知，作者认为虽然这些大型语言模型有一定缺陷，但是还是值得去探索的。故选C。
15．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Artificial intelligence models can trick each other into disobeying their creators and providing banned instructions for making drugs, or even building a bomb, suggesting that preventing such AI “jailbreaks” is more difficult than it seems. (人工智能模型可以相互欺骗，使其违背创造者的意愿，并提供制作毒品甚至制造炸弹等被禁止的指令，这表明防止此类人工智能“越狱”比看上去要困难得多。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了人工智能模型（特别是大型语言模型LLMs）面临的一个新问题——AI“越狱”，即人们可以通过精心设计的指令绕过模型的保护机制，使其违背规则。文章详细描述了这一现象，并探讨了其可能带来的后果和挑战。选项C“AI Jailbreaks: A New Challenge (AI“越狱”是一个新的挑战)”准确地概括了文章的内容，突出了文章要传达的主要信息。故选C。
【答案】16．A 17．D 18．G 19．E 20．C
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何公正有效地进行科学实验和日常测试。
【解析】16．根据下文“In order to figure out the real answers to such questions, you’ll need to test your ideas in a fair way(为了找出这些问题的真正答案，你需要以公平的方式测试你的想法)”可推理出上文说的是并非所有的测试都是公平的，与A项“But all tests are not created equal(但并非所有测试都是平等的)”表达的含义一致，故选A项。
17．根据下文“just to make sure that the chocolate chips are really making a difference in the cookies’ taste.(只是为了确保巧克力片真的能改变饼干的味道。)”可推理出上文说的是制作一批不含巧克力片的，与D项“You might also want to make a batch without any chocolate chips at all (你可能还想做一批根本不含巧克力片的)”表达的含义一致，故选D项。
18．根据下文“Therefore, you’ll need to control variables(因此，您需要控制变量)”可知下文说的是与因果关系有关的变量控制，可推理出上文说的是对测试中的因果关系有信心，与G项“In most tests, we want to be confident in the relationship between cause and effect (在大多数测试中，我们希望对因果关系充满信心)”表达的含义一致，故选G项。
19．根据上文“To avoid such potential sources of bias, you’d want to set up the test so that different testers taste the cookies in different orders.( 为了避免这种潜在的偏见来源，你需要设置测试，让不同的测试人员按照不同的顺序品尝饼干。)”可知此处上下文说的是为了避免潜在的偏见而采取的措施，分析待选项，E项“You could also label your cookie batches with letters instead of brand names (你也可以用字母而不是品牌名称来标记你的饼干批次)”表达的含义符合语境，故选E项。
20．根据上文“Some cookies in a batch might have wound up with a few less chocolate chips than others. The oven might have heated unevenly and burnt a few cookies.(一批饼干中的一些饼干可能比其他饼干少了几块巧克力片。烤箱可能受热不均，烧焦了一些饼干。)”可知此处上下文说的是影响测试结果的随机因素，与C项“All of these random factors will affect the outcome of the test (所有这些随机因素都会影响测试结果)”表达的含义一致，故选C项。
【答案】
21．C 22．A 23．D 24．C 25．B 26．A 27．D 28．C 29．B 30．C 31．D 32．D 33．A 34．B 35．B
【分析】本文是篇说明文。文章主要讲述了老年人不喜欢年轻人喜欢的新音乐的规律和原因。
【解析】21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对他来说，这听起来就像“噪音”，而他提到他听的音乐是“美丽的”。A. prayer祈祷；B. puzzle难题；C. noise噪音；D. poetry诗歌。根据上一句“my dad wasn’t terribly interested in the music I liked.”（我爸爸对我喜欢的音乐不太感兴趣。）可知，作者的父亲不喜欢作者听的音乐，所以在父亲听来，作者的音乐很难听，像噪音。故选C。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对他来说，这听起来就像“噪音”，而他提到他听的音乐是“美妙的”。A. beautiful美丽的；B. strange奇怪的；C. boring无聊的；D. significant重要的。根据句中表示对比的连词“while”可知，父亲听他自己喜欢的音乐，和听到作者喜欢的音乐感觉截然不同，作者的音乐像噪音，父亲听的音乐就应该是很好听，很美妙的。故选A。
23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着年龄的增长，我经常听到同龄人说:“他们只是不像以前那样能做出好音乐了。”A. enough足够的；B. brief简洁的；C. unique独特的；D. good好的。根据前文“while he referred to the music he listened to as“ 2 .””（而他提到他听的音乐是“美妙的”。）可知，作者年少时，父亲认为他自己听的是美妙的、动听的好音乐；作者长大后，他的同龄人认为父辈只是不能再像以前那样做出美妙的好音乐了。故选D。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，我作为心理学家的背景让我对这个难题有了一些见解。A. certificate证明；B. honor荣誉；C. background背景；D. attitude态度。根据句中“as a psychologist”可知，作者是名心理学家，这是他的职业背景。故选C。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们知道，音乐品味是在青少年时期开始形成的。A. change变化；B. form形成；C. disappear消失；D. reduce减少。根据下一句“By the time we’re in our early 20s, these tastes get locked into place pretty firmly.”（到我们20岁出头的时候，这些品味就相当牢固地固定下来了。）可知，20多岁时，人们的音乐品味就固定下来了，说明是在十几岁青少年时期开始形成的。故选B。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，研究发现，到我们33岁的时候，我们中的大多数人已经停止听新歌了。A. stopped停止；B. continued继续；C. appreciated欣赏；D. practiced练习。根据前文“By the time we’re in our early 20s, these tastes get locked into place pretty firmly.”（到我们20岁出头的时候，这些品味就相当牢固地固定下来了。）及常识可知，人们20岁出头时，音乐品味就已经固定了，到33岁时，应该不会再接受新的音乐风格，所以大多数人都停止听新歌了。故选A。
27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，那些在你十几岁的时候发行的熟悉的歌曲很可能在你的余生中仍然在你的同龄人中很受欢迎。A. modern现代的；B. unchanged未改变的；C. silent沉默的；D. popular流行的、受欢迎的。根据前文“We know that musical tastes begin to 5 when we’re teenagers.”（我们知道，音乐品味是在青少年时期开始形成的。）和“In fact, studies have found that by the time we turn 33, most of us have 6 listening to new music.”（事实上，研究发现，到我们33岁的时候，我们中的大多数人已经停止听新歌了。）可知，人们到33岁时，基本上就不听新歌了，他们喜欢的还是十几岁时形成的音乐风格，所以在以后的日子里，那些在十几岁时喜欢的歌曲在同龄人之间可能还是很受欢迎。故选D。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这可能有生物学上的解释。A. expression表情、表达；B. evaluation评估；C. explanation解释；D. experiment实验。根据下一句“There’s evidence that the brain’s ability to make subtle distinctions between different chords, rhythms and melodies gets 9 with age.”（有证据表明，随着年龄的增长，大脑区分不同和弦、节奏和旋律的能力会越来越差。）可知，这句话从生物学上说明了原因，做了解释。故选C。
29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有证据表明，随着年龄的增长，大脑区分不同和弦、节奏和旋律的能力会越来越差。A. uplifted上升的；B. poorer更差的；C. sensitive敏感的；D. sharper更锋利的。根据下一句“So to older people, less 10 songs might all “sound the same”.”（所以对老年人来说，不太熟悉的歌曲可能都“听起来一样”）中的“all the same”可知，随着年龄的增长，大脑很难区分不太熟悉的歌曲，认为听起来都一样，说明大脑区分不同和弦、节奏和旋律的能力更差了。故选B。
30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以对老年人来说，不太熟悉的歌曲可能都“听起来一样”。A. different不同的；B. distressing悲伤的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. cheerful愉快的。根据上一句“There’s evidence that the brain’s ability to make subtle distinctions between different chords, rhythms and melodies gets 9 with age.”（有证据表明，随着年龄的增长，大脑区分不同和弦、节奏和旋律的能力会越来越差。）可知，老年人很难区分不同和弦、节奏和旋律，所以对于不太熟悉的歌曲，就无法分辨，感觉听起来都差不多。故选C。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我相信老年人不喜欢新音乐有一些更简单的原因——“单纯的接触效应”。A. examples例子；B. excuses借口；C. statements叙述；D. reasons原因。根据前文“There could be a biological 8 for this.”（这可能有生物学上的解释。）和本句中的“simpler”及“the “mere exposure effect””可知，前文对于老年人不喜欢新音乐，从生物学上分析了原因，本句应该提出了相对来说更为简单的原因——单纯的接触效应。故选D。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这意味着我们接触某物越多，我们就越喜欢它。A. opposed反对；B. devoted奉献；C. adapted适应；D. exposed暴露；根据上一句的“mere exposure effect”（单纯的接触效应）可知，本句进一步解释了这一效应意思是，我们接触某物越多，就越喜欢它。be opposed to反对；be devoted to致力于；be adapted to适应；be exposed to接触、暴露。故选D。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：心理学研究表明，我们在青少年时期经历的情绪似乎比以后的情绪更强烈。A. experience经历；B. share分享；C. illustrate阐明；D. release释放。根据下一句“We also know that intense emotions are 14 with stronger memories and preferences.”（我们还知道，强烈的情绪与更强的记忆和偏好有关。）和常识可知，强烈的情绪与记忆有关，说明年少时经历过的情绪会加深记忆，更加强烈。故选A。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们还知道，强烈的情绪与更强的记忆和偏好有关。A. compared对比；B. associated联系；C. combined合并、结合；与……结合；D. expressed表达、表示。根据上一句“Psychology research has shown that the emotions that we 13 as teens seem more intense than those that come later.”（理学研究表明，我们在青少年时期经历的情绪似乎比以后的情绪更强烈。）和下一句“All of this might explain why the songs we listen to during this period become so memorable and beloved.”（所有这些都可以解释为什么我们在这段时间听的歌曲变得如此难忘和喜爱。）可知，青少年时期经历的情绪更加强烈，会使歌曲更加难忘和令人喜爱，说明强烈的情绪与更强的记忆和偏好相关。be compared with与……相比；be associated with与……有关；故选B。
35．考查代词词义辨析。句意：所以你父母没有错，因为他们不喜欢你的音乐。A. something 某事物；B. nothing没有什么；C. everything每件事物；D. anything任何事物。根据下一句“In a way, it’s all part of the natural order of things.”（在某种程度上，这都是自然规律的一部分。）和文章内容可知，父母不喜欢新音乐是一种不可抗拒的自然规律，他们本身并没有错。故选B。
【答案】
36．Built 37．is designed 38．technologies 39．that/which 40．has made 41．incorrect 42．but/yet 43．with 44．blindly 45．promising
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一款功能强大的聊天机器人——ChatGPT。
【解析】36．考查非谓语动词。句意：它建立在OpenAI的GPT-3大型语言模型家族的基础上，在提示的推动下进行类似人类的对话。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语it与build之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语。故填Built。
37．考查动词语态。句意：它被设计成以一种自然、直观的方式做出反应，并具有许多潜在的用途。陈述可知事实，用一般现在时。主语It为单数，与design之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填is designed。
38．考查名词复数。句意：从科学的角度来看，在对这些技术的功效和有益性质得出结论之前，有必要密切关注这些技术的发展。名词technology为可数名词，前无冠词，所以用复数形式。故填technologies。
39．考查定语从句。句意：因此，我们不应该恐慌地认为ChatGPT将取代迄今为止需要人类来完成的工作。此处是限定性定语从句，句中先行词为jobs，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词that或which引导。故填that或which。
40．考查动词时态。句意：首先，ChatGTP在自然语言处理方面已经取得了相当大的进展，但要完全理解人类的思维和语言能力还有很长的路要走，因为当涉及到专业写作时，ChatGTP有时会写出听起来似是而非的错误或荒谬的答案。结合句意可知，用现在完成时。主语ChatGTP为单数，谓语动词用has。故填has made。
41．考查形容词。句意：首先，ChatGTP在自然语言处理方面已经取得了相当大的进展，但要完全理解人类的思维和语言能力还有很长的路要走，因为当涉及到专业写作时，ChatGTP有时会写出听起来似是而非的错误或荒谬的答案。根据并列连词or后形容词nonsensical可知，用形容词形式，修饰名词answers。结合句意可知，表示“不正确的”。故填incorrect。
42．考查连词。句意：它可能会对大多数一般性问题给出一些很好的答案，但它不能取代专业建议，例如医学预后和处方，或法律建议。前后句之间为转折关系，所以用转折连词but或yet。故填but或yet。
43．考查介词。句意：其次，ChatGPT仍然是一个应用非常有限的产品。名词application前用介词。表示“具有，带有”，用介词with。故填with。
44．考查副词。句意：由于这些限制，投资者不应盲目投入巨额资金进一步开发ChatGPT，也不应期望快速获得投资回报。此处修饰动词，用副词形式，作状语。故填blindly。
45．考查形容词。句意：然而，作为一项有前途的人工智能发展，ChatGPT很可能在中期（如果不是短期）取得进展。此处修饰名词AI development，应用形容词形式，作定语。故填promising。
46．【答案】occupying
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：占据了一天大部分时间的例行任务要求很高，但却非常值得。“占用”用动词occupy；“(occupy) most of the day”作后置定语修饰名词短语The routine tasks，occupy是非谓语动词，The routine tasks与occupy之间是逻辑上的主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填occupying。
47．【答案】disciplining
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他显著提高了成绩，通过严格要求自己每天不受干扰地学习两小时。句中已有谓语动词improved，且空前无连词，所以此处应用非谓语动词形式。根据汉语提示“严格要求”可知应用动词discipline，这里表示伴随情况，且he与discipline之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词disciplining作状语。故填disciplining。
48．【答案】eternity
【详解】考查名词。句意：父母之爱的永恒是一个坚实的基础，在人生的每个阶段都能提供安慰和力量。“永恒”在句中作主语，用名词eternity，不可数名词。故填eternity。
49．【答案】suspended
【详解】考查动词的非谓语形式。句意：机场所有被暂停的航班在风暴过后都重新安排了时间。根据所给汉语提示可知，此处应用动词suspend，且此处作定语，修饰flights，被修饰词flights与suspend之间为被动关系，故应用过去分词作前置定语，故填suspended。
50．【答案】influential
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这个非盈利组织在倡导发展中国家的教育平等方面有着深远的影响。根据所给汉语提示可知，此处应用形容词influential“有很大影响的”作表语，故填influential。
51．【答案】Exposure/xposure
【详解】考查名词。句意：接触真实的文化体验可以帮助旅行者更深入地欣赏当地传统。根据句意和首字母提示，用名词exposure作主语，意为“接触”，不可数名词；句首单词首字母大写。故填Exposure。
52．【答案】departure/eparture
【详解】考查名词。句意：由于意外的机械故障和恶劣的天气状况，302航班的预定起飞时间推迟了三个小时。根据“of Flight 302 was delayed”可推知，这里说的是航班的起飞时间被推迟。结合首字母提示，用名词departure“离开，起程，出发”作主语，结合系动词was可知，主语是单数名词。故填departure。
53．【答案】pressed/ressed
【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：突然响起的火警警报迫使人群冲向出口，在狭窄的走廊里造成了混乱。根据“The sudden fire alarm”和“the crowd into rushing towards the exits”可推知，火警警报迫使人群冲向出口；结合首字母提示，用动词press作谓语，意为“逼迫、迫使”，讲述过去的事情用一般过去时态，press的过去式是pressed。故填pressed。
54．【答案】assess/ssess
【详解】考查动词。句意：老师会通过每周的测试来评估学生的成就，并提供及时的反馈，进而有效地调整教学策略。根据所给首字母和句意可知，此处应用动词“assess评估”作谓语动词，且根据空前的will可知，此处应用动词原形，故填assess。
55．【答案】specialist/pecialist
【详解】考查名词。句意：经过多年与背痛的斗争，他最终决定向一位在成功治疗类似病例方面享有声誉的专家寻求帮助。根据所给首字母和句意可知，此处应用名词“specialist专家，专科医生”作宾语，且空前有冠词a，故此处应用名词的单数形式，故填specialist。
56．【答案】Distinguished guests and dear fellow students, Good afternoon. I’m Li Hua.
Today, we’re honored to have Dr. Liang here. He’s an expert in AI, and his insights into the latest trends of DeepSeek are highly regarded in the academic community. His research on DeepSeek has far reaching influence, which has already brought about some revolutionary changes in the relevant technological fields.
This lecture about DeepSeek and high school learning will surely be eye opening. You’re encouraged to ask questions and interact actively, which can help you gain a deeper understanding of the topic.
Now, let’s extend a warm welcome to Dr. Liang and get involved.
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以主持人李华的身份，介绍来校做“DeepSeek与高中学习”主题讲座的梁博士，鼓励学生提问并表示欢迎。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
很荣幸……：be honored to do→ be privileged to do
洞悉，了解：insight → perception/understanding
影响：influence → impact
相关的：relevant → related
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：This lecture about DeepSeek and high school learning will surely be eye opening.
拓展句：This lecture, which is about the combination of DeepSeek and high school learning, will surely be eye opening.
【点睛】[高分句型1] His research on DeepSeek has far reaching influence, which has already brought about some revolutionary changes in the relevant technological fields. (运用了关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] You’re encouraged to ask questions and interact actively, which can help you gain a deeper understanding of the topic. (运用了关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句)
57．【答案】
In an instant, I fell backward. I could hear Mel calling my name, my heart racing and my mind going blank. After a few seconds, I hit the ground with a bang, my limbs feeling numb. I closed my eyes. Minutes passed, or maybe hours. I wasn’t sure. Gradually, my senses returned, and I became aware of a gentle touch on my arm. Opening my eyes, I saw Mel kneeling beside me, her face filled with worry. “Are you okay ” she asked, her voice trembling.
I pointed to my left leg and then Mel yelled for help. Other climbers came. One explained our situation to the emergency service. We waited anxiously before the rescue finally arrived. Then I was loaded into an ambulance and taken to hospital. I stayed there for a week, knowing that I had survived what could have ended tragically. We learned an important lesson: even with the best equipment and preparation, mountaineering can still be extremely dangerous. From then on, we climbed with even more caution and respect for nature's power.
【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。本文以人物为线索展开。作者和朋友梅尔·奥尔森开车去俄勒冈州攀登11240英尺高的胡德山。其他登山者决定折返。但梅尔和作者还是继续爬。到达一块叫做冰阶的冰面后，作者自告奋勇先去。作者把左脚放在冰阶上。突然，作者听到啪的一声，一大块冰从台阶上掉了下来。
【详解】1.段落续写
①由第一段句首内容“一瞬间，我倒了下去。”可知，第一段可以描写作者往下掉后，朋友的反应和作者的感受。
②由第二段句首内容“我指着我的左腿，然后梅尔大声呼救。”可知，第二段可以描写梅尔呼救后，其他人来帮忙，和作者获救后的感受和得到的教训。
2.续写线索：倒了下去—感官恢复—梅尔到来—询问—指着左腿—获救—感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①闭上眼睛：close one’s eyes/ shut one’s eyes
②（时间）推移，过去：pass/ go by
③恢复： return/ recover
情绪类
①担心：worry/ anxiety
②更加谨慎：with with even more caution/ more cautiously
【点睛】【高分句型1】Opening my eyes, I saw Mel kneeling beside me, her face filled with worry. ( 运用了现在分词Opening作状语)
【高分句型2】We waited anxiously before the rescue finally arrived. ( 运用了before引导的时间状语从句)
【高分句型3】I stayed there for a week, knowing that I had survived what could have ended tragically. (运用了非谓语动词knowing作状语、that引导的宾语从句、what引导的宾语从句)
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