江西省名校学术联盟2025届高三下学期模拟冲刺英语试卷（四）（含解析）
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| 名称 | 江西省名校学术联盟2025届高三下学期模拟冲刺英语试卷（四）（含解析） |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-04-10 18:13:52 | ||
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2025届江西省名校学术联盟高三下学期模拟冲刺英语试题（四）
一、阅读理解（本大题共5小题）
Welcome back to Axis Bank Splash! It is an annual nationwide competition on Art, Craft and Literature, to encourage and foster goodwill among the children in the age group of 7-14 years. This year, Splash will focus on the theme of “Gratitude”, encouraging young participants to reflect on and express the importance of appreciation through their creativity. We believe that by providing these young minds with the opportunity to express themselves, we are helping to shape a brighter future for us all. We look forward to seeing the amazing creations that come out of Splash and to continuing supporting the creativity and the potential of young minds.
Themes
Choose the themes suiting yourself.
Group Theme
Kids 7 - 10 The Grateful Hearts
Kids 11 - 14 The Unsung Heroes
Prizes
The winners of the competition will be instructed by several domain experts. The top 3 finalists from each category will be awarded prizes.
In addition, all winners will get a chance to have their artworks displayed at the Museum of Art and Photography (MAP).
What’s more, the top 400 qualifiers will win exciting gifts and electronic gadgets (小用品) from partners.
Alongside the competition, the Bank will host engaging sessions and fun-filled activities for the participants in schools.
Registration
The participants can register and submit their entries www. axisbanksplash. in till 30thNovember. Don’t miss the chance to make a hit with your creativity. We are waiting for your masterpieces!
Marking a significant milestone, the last edition of the competition witnessed entries from over 680thousand participants from all over the nation, which has increased by 36% year on year.
1．What is Axis Bank Splash
A．An organization. B．A literature club.
C．A nationwide contest. D．An art museum.
2．What will the winners get
A．A chance to be experts. B．Some prepared prizes.
C．A visit to the MAP. D．Admission to schools for free.
3．What is required to submit entries
A．Marking an important entry. B．Submitting the work by email.
C．Registering on the given website. D．Looking through the specific website.
In 2020, at age 14, William Cabaniss noticed that some of his classmates were skipping meals due to food insecurity, and he wanted to do something. To help his classmates and his community, he started making bottles of homemade vanilla extract (香草精) and donated 100% of his profits to his local food bank.
“No one should be hungry,” William said. “No one should have to worry about where their next meal is coming from.”
William had been enjoying baking as a hobby. One day, while baking a pan of cakes and adding vanilla, he realized he could easily produce his own vanilla extract rather than purchasing it at the supermarket. Then he took the idea a step further by planning to sell the vanilla extract and donate all profits to the local food bank where he volunteered.
He immediately went to work putting his new plan into action. He used his own recipe to produce as many bottles of vanilla extract as possible during his free time. He then created a logo and designed a website to start the business.
In 2020, William invited volunteers to join him on his mission to fight hunger in his community. The extremely positive response allowed him to expand his program into a non-profit organization, Vanilla Feeds Tomorrow. The non-profit project continues operations today, and William donates the profit to Second Harvest Food Bank of East Tennessee. Each $30 bottle sold provides approximately 42 meals to people in need, and the organization has raised more than $200, 000 to date.
“There was no one better. They support so many counties across East Tennessee and, within those counties, there’re so many distribution areas or food storage rooms and charities,” William said of Second Harvest. “Their range is just truly awe-inspiring. I wanted every penny to go as far as it could.”
4．Why did some students skip meals
A．They wanted to lose weight. B．They were particular about food.
C．They were worried about food safety. D．They doubted the food’s flavor and nutrition.
5．What inspired William to fight hunger by selling the vanilla extract
A．His baking process. B．His shopping experience.
C．His recipe from his mother. D．His experience as a volunteer.
6．Which word can best describe William
A．Intelligent and brave. B．Generous and helpful.
C．Careful and determined. D．Ambitious and patient.
7．What can be the best title of the text
A．A Teen Sold Homemade Vanilla Extract to Make Money
B．A Teen Started Business to Raise Funds for Local Food Bank
C．A Teen Worked Hard to Make a Difference to the Community
D．A Teen Volunteered to Help Those Who Skipped Meals Globally
A new research finds people who brag (吹嘘)about their stress levels are seen as less competent and less likable by their co-workers. “This is a behavior we’ve all seen and we all might be guilty of at some point,” says Jessica Rodell, lead author of the study in the journal Personnel Psychology. “When I was wondering about why people do this, I thought maybe we are talking about our stress because we want to prove we’re good enough. We found out that often has the opposite effect.”
360 participants compared statements from imaginary co-workers who just returned from a conference. Participants rated their imaginary co-worker on likability, competence, and the likelihood they would help the co-worker at work. In the survey, the stress-bragging colleague described the conference as “just one more thing on my full plate. And I was already stressed to the max… you have no idea the stress that I am under.” Participants rated that person as significantly less likable and less competent than someone who said work had been stressful or who just talked about how great the conference was. Participants also said they would be less likely to help the complaining co-workers if they were overburdened at work.
The researchers also found employees with co-workers who brag about stress often reported higher levels of personal stress and burnout. “Bragging about stress creates the perception that high stress levels are an expected and normal part of the work culture,” Rodell says. “When somebody is constantly talking about and bragging about their stress, it makes stress seem like a good thing,” Rodell adds. “It just spills over onto the co-workers next to them. They wind up feeling more stressed, which leads to higher burnout or withdrawal from their work.”
“It’s not the being stressed part that’s a problem,” she says. “If you really feel stressed, it’s OK to find the right person to share with and talk about it. But be mindful that stress is not an honor to be bragged about — that will have the opposite effect.”
8．What does Jessica Rodell mean by saying the underlined sentence
A．Bragging about stress levels is common.
B．Only a few people brag about their stress levels.
C．Many people like to brag about their accomplishments.
D．Researchers feel guilty about talking about stress with others.
9．Why might people talk about their stress levels according to Jessica Rodell
A．To make friends at work. B．To seek help from others.
C．To show they are very busy. D．To prove they are competent.
10．What did the participants compare in the survey
A．Different methods of stress management.
B．Their own stress levels with those of their co-workers.
C．The productivity levels before and after the conference.
D．Statements from imaginary co-workers attending the conference.
11．How does one’s constant stress bragging affect his or her co-workers
A．It motivates them to work harder. B．It lets them feel more stressed.
C．It makes them feel less competent. D．It encourages them to seek promotions.
Struggling to fit workouts into your busy week You’re not alone. New research suggests that “weekend warriors (勇士)” who pack at least 150 minutes of exercise into one or two days enjoy similar health benefits to those who spread workouts throughout the week.
Another recent study found that being a weekend warrior reduced the risk of cognitive conditions such as dementia, Parkinson’s disease, stroke, and depressive disorders.
Living a sedentary (久坐不动的) lifestyle raises a person’s risk of a range of ailments, including cardiovascular disease, Type-2 diabetes, stroke, cancer, depression, and anxiety. About half of all Americans have chronic diseases that could be prevented with the help of regular physical activity, according to the U. S. Department of Health and Human Services.
The nearly 90, 000 people whose data the researchers analyzed in the new study were divided into three categories: regular exerciser, weekend warrior, and the pared to those who didn’t exercise, regular exercisers and weekend warriors had a lower risk of more than 260 diseases over six years. The protective benefits for Type-2 diabetes were highest, with 43 percent lower risk for the weekend warrior and 46 percent lower risk for the regular exerciser, respectively.
“No time to exercise Just 5 minutes still has a big impact. The research adds to earlier studies that show that any amount of physical activity counts and allows people some flexibility, ” says SaraK. Rosenkranz, an exercise physiologist and associate professor of kinesiology and nutrition sciences at the University of Nevada Las Vegas. “If you’re not regularly getting moderate-to-vigorous (中度到剧烈的) physical activity throughout the week but have time to do it on the weekend, you can do something you enjoy, like a bike ride or a hike, ” she says. “The thing to keep in mind is that it doesn’t take much. Even if it’s just a few minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity here or there, you’re going to get a benefit. Working out even one or two days a week also lower the risk of mood disorders, which is another major benefit, ” adds Rosenkranz.
12．What does the new study tell us
A．Weekend workouts are also beneficial to us.
B．Most people choose to exercise on weekends.
C．Weekend warriors are healthier than regular exercisers.
D．Few people can keep working out daily and consistently.
13．Which can probably replace the underlined word “ailments” in paragraph 3
A．Injuries. B．Consequences. C．Emotions. D．Illnesses.
14．What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about
A．The result of the research. B．The process of the research.
C．The health status of Americans. D．The data of the research objects.
15．What does Rosenkranz probably agree with
A．The time of exercising matters a lot. B．We had better exercise every weekday.
C．As long as we exercise, it counts a lot. D．Taking exercise doesn’t take much energy.
Building a shared gratitude practice can have a profound impact on a school’s culture and the emotional health and belonging of students and staff. Here’s what to do.
16 School leadership can start by analyzing what already guides the school and come up with a list. You can finalize the list with staff, or even include students in the process. Be sure to include behaviors outside of academic or good behavior — not just effort or helping others. For example, patience is a non-academic behavior that nonetheless supports academic success and relationships. 17
Talk about valued behaviors with students. In this process, it helps to define what the set of expected behaviors looks and sounds like in student-accessible language with students themselves. 18 For example, Sunset Beach Elementary School chose responsibility as their goal in January. The staff first spend a few minutes at a staff meeting defining what the term looks and sounds like before facilitating the same activity with students. 19 Naming things people would say or do that the group believes qualify as responsibility and not something else is hard. The effort, however, builds a more precise, inclusive, and shared understanding of what counts and what does not.
Co-defining terms with students using examples and language they can understand and find culturally relevant and inclusive increases student buy-in, access, and opportunity to feel valued by the community. 20 Therefore, you have a working set of criteria for everyone to calibrate (校准) around as they practice thanking others for the specific behavior when they see and hear it.
Remember a simple “thank you” can create the type of school climate where everyone can thrive.
A．So are courage and caring.
B．Choose behaviors to appreciate.
C．Build a schoolwide gratitude practice.
D．This can be surprisingly difficult to do.
E．Believe it or not, it’s not easy to be a leader of a school.
F．Schools often start with a single behavior as the theme for a month.
G．Stick the group definition of responsibility on the wall for the month.
二、完形填空（本大题共1小题）
Many years ago when I had a radio program, one of my listeners called me a “scavenger (拾荒者)”. It wasn’t meant to be a(n) 21 . In fact, I took it as a great 22 to what I did. She went on to say, “You scavenge through life to find things that are so important yet 23 by most people. ”
I 24 it by saying that sometimes the most important things are so 25 that they become the background of our lives. Like watching a movie, I often listen to the main 26 but watch the people in the back — the “extras (群众演员)”, as they are called.
That’s where the problem 27 . We take people, places, moments for granted and see them as “extras”. Almost like the show American Pickers. The two main characters scavenge for things that, by themselves are significant, but 28 in piles of debris (废墟).
Never take anything or anyone for granted. I understood this 29 last year, when I 30 something that happened everyday during the summer. At dusk, the sun 31 behind our home and for just a few minutes, the sun light 32 the trees. I took that picture with my phone. It made for a nice picture but much more than that.
It is a 33 that I had lived, that I had made it through another day and it is more 34 than gold. Every sun set is 35 . Every sun rise is a proof that life has given you another chance.
21．A．compliment B．joke C．offense D．surprise
22．A．criticism B．praise C．challenge D．responsibility
23．A．appreciated B．noticed C．valued D．overlooked
24．A．confirmed B．clarified C．doubted D．rejected
25．A．obvious B．complicated C．impressive D．mysterious
26．A．plots B．scenes C．themes D．characters
27．A．slips B．begins C．continues D．ends
28．A．buried B．exposed C．displayed D．preserved
29．A．knowledge B．word C．truth D．problem
30．A．denied B．forgot C．imagined D．discovered
31．A．set B．passed C．glowed D．stopped
32．A．took in B．cut off C．broke through D．fed on
33．A．mark B．memory C．symbol D．reminder
34．A．popular B．heavy C．valuable D．natural
35．A．critical B．different C．similar D．ordinary
三、语法填空（本大题共1小题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It is no secret that going on a trip is fun. But what if it could also make you look and feel younger A new study says that travel could be the best 36 (defend) against ageing. The travel bug could be one hobby that is healthy. The researchers said tourism typically exposes people to new surroundings and 37 (relax) activities, making us more youthful as we get older. Fangli Hu, the lead author of the research, said: “Tourism is not only about leisure and recreation, but also 38 (contribute) to people’s physical and mental health.” Ms. Hu added: “Ageing, as 39 process, is irreversible (不可逆的). While it can’t be stopped, it can be slowed down.”
The researchers 40 (look) at how travelling might affect how we age. They suggested that going on vacations, backpacking and sightseeing can lower stress. Travelling can also boost our metabolism (新陈代谢), 41 strengthens our immune system. Travelling could also assist with repairing body tissue, 42 (help) to slow down the signs of ageing. Ms. Hu said travelling often involves physical activities like hiking, climbing, and cycling. She said these 43 (potential) reduce tension and tiredness in the muscles and joints, and participating 44 these activities could enhance the body’s immune function and self-protection capabilities. The researchers also said travelling could be 45 (good) than anti-ageing creams.
四、书信写作（本大题共1小题）
46．假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Tom很喜欢大熊猫，你打算寄给他一份含有熊猫元素的文创产品。请根据下面的提示给他写封邮件，内容包括：
1. 写信目的；
2. 选送此礼物的原因；
3. 欢迎他来中国旅游。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
参考词汇: creative cultural product 文创产品
Dear Tom,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
五、书面表达（本大题共1小题）
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was six years old when my father heard about skating classes. He somehow knew I was going to do well in it. He filled out the form and got me enrolled (登记). My mother was a little afraid because I was too thin and small.
I was excited, yet frightened, but my family gave me all the courage and confidence I needed. The class was scheduled for 7 am. But guess what My happiness and excitement turned upside down when no one was available to take me to class early in the morning because of work commitments. I had lost all hope of making it to the class, but my father surprised me by getting permission to go to work late on my class days.
Finally, when we arrived for my class, I saw that, even though it was the first class, some students were already skating like experts! To make matters worse, all the skating shoes that fit me were already taken. I was given a pair that didn’t fit well.
My father and the instructor encouraged me a lot, so I tried. Every time I attempted to skate, I fell and felt embarrassed. Then my father would hold my hand and walk with me. After I returned home, I couldn’t stop thinking about how I could do well and become an expert.
The next day, my father bought me a new pair of skating shoes. They were grey and black, which were comfortable to wear. For the entire week, I practiced skating before my next class. In each subsequent class, I performed better than before. Not only could I skate and walk, but I was also able to race, brake, hop and do much more. My family and friends were so happy and proud to see my progress.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
Every time I skate, I remember my father’s support that helped me reach this stage.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Looking at my father’s concerned look, I struggled to my feet.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了 Axis Bank Splash 比赛的要求、奖项等相关信息。
【解析】1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Welcome back to Axis Bank Splash! It is an annual nationwide competition on Art, Craft and Literature (欢迎回到Axis Bank Splash！这是一项一年一度的全国艺术、工艺和文学竞赛。)”可知，Axis Bank Splash 是全国性的比赛。故选 C。
2．细节理解题。根据Prizes 部分中的“The winners of the competition will be instructed by several domain experts. The top 3 finalists from each category will be awarded prizes. In addition, all winners will get a chance to have their artworks displayed at the Museum of Art and Photography (MAP) . What’s more, the top 400 qualifiers will win exciting gifts and electronic gadgets (小用品) from partners.(比赛的优胜者将由几位领域专家指导。每个类别的前三名决赛选手将获得奖品。此外，所有获奖者将有机会在艺术与摄影博物馆（MAP）展出他们的作品。更重要的是，前400名的选手将获得来自合作伙伴的精彩礼物和电子产品。)” 说明获奖者会得到一些准备好的奖品，包括专家指导、在博物馆展示作品的机会以及合作伙伴提供的礼品和电子小用品等。故选 B。
3．细节理解题。根据Registration中“The participants can register and submit their entries www. axisbanksplash. in till 30th November. (参赛者可以在11月30日之前在www. Axisbanksplash.in上注册并提交他们的作品。)” 可知，参与者需要在指定网站 www.axisbanksplash.in上注册并提交参赛作品。故选 C。
【答案】4．C 5．A 6．B 7．B
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了14岁的William Cabaniss通过自制香草精销售，将全部利润捐赠给食物银行来帮助他人的善举。
【解析】4．细节理解题。由文章第一段中“In 2020, at age 14, William Cabaniss noticed that some of his classmates were skipping meals due to food insecurity, and he wanted to do something. (2020年，14岁的威廉 卡巴尼斯注意到他的一些同学因为食物得不到保障而不吃东西，他想为此做点什么)”可知，一些学生不吃饭是因为食品不安全，也就是担心食物问题。故选C。
5．细节理解题。由文章第三段中“One day, while baking a pan of cakes and adding vanilla, he realized he could easily produce his own vanilla extract rather than purchasing it at the supermarket. Then he took the idea a step further by planning to sell the vanilla extract and donate all profits to the local food bank where he volunteered. (一天，当他烤一盘蛋糕并加入香草时，他意识到他可以很容易地自己制作香草精，而不是在超市购买。然后，他进一步提出了这个想法，计划出售香草精，并将所有利润捐给他志愿服务的当地食品银行)”可知，是他的烘焙过程启发他通过卖香草精来对抗饥饿。故选A。
6．推理判断题。由文章第一段中“In 2020, at age 14, William Cabaniss noticed that some of his classmates were skipping meals due to food insecurity, and he wanted to do something. (2020年，14岁的威廉 卡巴尼斯注意到他的一些同学因为食物得不到保障而不吃东西，他想为此做点什么)”和第三段中“One day, while baking a pan of cakes and adding vanilla, he realized he could easily produce his own vanilla extract rather than purchasing it at the supermarket. Then he took the idea a step further by planning to sell the vanilla extract and donate all profits to the local food bank where he volunteered. (一天，当他烤一盘蛋糕并加入香草时，他意识到他可以很容易地自己制作香草精，而不是在超市购买。然后，他进一步提出了这个想法，计划出售香草精，并将所有利润捐给他志愿服务的当地食品银行)”和第五段“The extremely positive response allowed him to expand his program into a non-profit organization, Vanilla Feeds Tomorrow. The non-profit project continues operations today, and William donates the profit to Second Harvest Food Bank of East Tennessee. Each $30 bottle sold provides approximately 42 meals to people in need, and the organization has raised more than $200, 000 to date.(这个非常积极的反应让他把他的项目扩展成一个非营利组织——Vanilla Feeds Tomorrow。这个非营利性项目一直持续到今天，威廉将收益捐给了东田纳西州的第二丰收食品银行。每瓶售价30美元的可乐能为有需要的人提供大约42顿饭，到目前为止，该组织已经筹集了20多万美元)”可知，文章讲述了威廉为了帮助有食物问题的同学和社区，制作并售卖自制香草精，将全部利润捐给当地食品银行，还成立非营利组织。他慷慨地把利润捐出，且积极帮助他人，所以他是慷慨且乐于助人的。故选B。
7．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段中“In 2020, at age 14, William Cabaniss noticed that some of his classmates were skipping meals due to food insecurity, and he wanted to do something. (2020年，14岁的威廉 卡巴尼斯注意到他的一些同学因为食物得不到保障而不吃东西，他想为此做点什么)”和第三段中“One day, while baking a pan of cakes and adding vanilla, he realized he could easily produce his own vanilla extract rather than purchasing it at the supermarket. Then he took the idea a step further by planning to sell the vanilla extract and donate all profits to the local food bank where he volunteered. (一天，当他烤一盘蛋糕并加入香草时，他意识到他可以很容易地自己制作香草精，而不是在超市购买。然后，他进一步提出了这个想法，计划出售香草精，并将所有利润捐给他志愿服务的当地食品银行)”可知，文章主要围绕少年威廉通过制作售卖自制香草精来为当地食品银行筹集资金展开。B项“A Teen Started Business to Raise Funds for Local Food Bank (一名青少年创业为当地食品银行筹集资金)”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选B。
【答案】8．A 9．D 10．D 11．B
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了《人事心理学》杂志的一项新的研究发现，吹嘘自己压力水平的人被同事视为能力较差，也不太讨人喜欢。
【解析】8．句意猜测题。划线句中“This is a behavior we’ve all seen and we all might be guilty of at some point,(这是我们都见过的行为，我们都可能在某个时候为此感到愧疚过)”中的主语This指代上文“brag about their stress levels(吹嘘自己的压力水平)”，因此根据句中的两个all可以推测出，杰西卡·罗德尔所说的划线句的意思是吹嘘压力水平的现象是很常见的。故选A项。
9．细节理解题。根据第一段中 “When I was wondering about why people do this, I thought maybe we are talking about our stress because we want to prove we’re good enough.(当我想知道为什么人们会这样做时，我想也许我们谈论我们的压力是因为我们想证明我们足够好)” 可知，谈论压力大的人是因为他们想证明自己足够好，由此可以推知，Jessica Rodell认为人们吹嘘压力是为了展示自己很有能力。故选D项。
10．细节理解题。根据第二段“360 participants compared statements from imaginary co-workers who just returned from a conference.(360名参与者比较了刚从会议中回来的假想同事的陈述)”可知，参与者比较的是参加会议的假想同事的陈述。故选D项。
11．细节理解题。根据第三段“The researchers also found employees with co-workers who brag about stress often reported higher levels of personal stress and burnout.(研究人员还发现，和吹嘘压力的人做同事，他们的个人压力和倦怠程度往往更高)”及“When somebody is constantly talking about and bragging about their stress, it makes stress seem like a good thing,...It just spills over onto the co-workers next to them. They wind up feeling more stressed, which leads to higher burnout or withdrawal from their work.(吹嘘压力会让人觉得，高压力是工作文化中意料之中、正常的一部分……这只会影响到他们旁边的同事。他们最终会感到更大的压力，从而导致更高的倦怠或对工作的退缩)”可知，一个人不断吹嘘压力，这只会蔓延到他旁边的同事身上，他的同事最终会感到压力更大。故选B项。
【答案】12．A 13．D 14．A 15．C
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。一项最新研究表明：对于工作日很难安排出时间锻炼身体的人而言，在周末安排相应的运动锻炼同样具有好处，一样能降低很多疾病的发病风险。
【解析】12．细节理解题。根据第一段中 “New research suggests that “weekend warriors (勇士)” who pack at least 150 minutes of exercise into one or two days enjoy similar health benefits to those who spread workouts throughout the week.(“周末勇士”在一到两天内至少锻炼150分钟，与那些在一周内分散锻炼的人获得的健康益处相似。)”可知，新的研究表明，在一两天内完成至少150分钟锻炼的“周末勇士”和那些在一周内分散锻炼的人享受类似的健康益处，即周末锻炼对我们也有益处。故选A项。
13．词句猜测题。根据划线单词句中“…including cardiovascular disease, Type-2 diabetes, stroke, cancer, depression, and anxiety.(包括心血管疾病、2型糖尿病、中风、癌症、抑郁和焦虑。)”以及后一句中“About half of all Americans have chronic diseases(大约一半的美国人患有慢性疾病。)”可知，久坐不动的生活方式会增加一个人患上一系列“ailments”的风险，后面列举的“cardiovascular disease, Type-2 diabetes, stroke, cancer, depression, and anxiety”都是疾病，所以“ailments”意思是“疾病”，D 选项“illnesses”（疾病）符合。故选D项。
14．主旨大意题。根据第四段“The nearly 90, 000 people whose data the researchers analyzed in the new study were divided into three categories: regular exerciser, weekend warrior, and the pared to those who didn’t exercise, regular exercisers and weekend warriors had a lower risk of more than 260 diseases over six years. The protective benefits for Type-2 diabetes were highest, with 43 percent lower risk for the weekend warrior and 46 percent lower risk for the regular exerciser, respectively.(在这项新研究中，研究人员分析了近9万人的数据，将他们分为三类：定期锻炼者、周末战士和不运动者。与那些不锻炼的人相比，经常锻炼和周末运动的人在六年内患260多种疾病的风险较低。对2型糖尿病的保护作用是最大的，周末战士的风险降低了43%，定期锻炼者的风险降低了46%。)”可知，主要讲述了研究人员对近 9 万人的数据进行分析，将他们分为三类，然后比较了不同类别与不锻炼的人在六年内患260多种疾病的风险情况，这是研究的结果。故选A项。
15．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“No time to exercise Just 5 minutes still has a big impact. The research adds to earlier studies that show that any amount of physical activity counts and allows people some flexibility(“没时间锻炼？”仅仅5分钟也有很大的影响。这项研究补充了早期的研究，表明任何数量的体育活动都是重要的，并使人们有一定的灵活性)”以及 “Even if it’s just a few minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity here or there, you’re going to get a benefit. Working out even one or two days a week also lower the risk of mood disorders, which is another major benefit(即使只是在这里或那里进行几分钟中等到高强度的体育活动，你也会从中受益。即使每周锻炼一到两天也能降低患情绪障碍的风险，这是另一个主要好处。)”可知，Rosenkranz认为只要锻炼就很重要，即使只有几分钟的中度到剧烈的体育活动，也会有好处，一周锻炼一两天也能降低情绪障碍的风险。故选C项。
【答案】16．B 17．A 18．F 19．D 20．G
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了建立共享感恩实践对学校文化及师生情感和归属感有深远影响及具体做法。
【解析】16．由上文“Building a shared gratitude practice can have a profound impact on a school’s culture and the emotional health and belonging of students and staff. Here’s what to do. (建立共同的感恩实践可以对学校文化以及学生和教职员工的情感健康和归属感产生深远影响。以下是要做的事情。)”及下文“School leadership can start by analyzing what already guides the school and come up with a list. You can finalize the list with staff, or even include students in the process. Be sure to include behaviors outside of academic or good behavior — not just effort or helping others. (学校领导可以从分析已经指导学校的因素开始，并列出一个清单。你可以和教职员工一起确定清单，甚至可以让学生参与这个过程。一定要包括学术或良好行为之外的行为——不仅仅是努力或帮助他人。)”可知，本空应强调要确定一些行为，也就是选择要感激的行为。B选项“Choose behaviors to appreciate. (选择要感激的行为。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选B。
17．由上文“Be sure to include behaviors outside of academic or good behavior — not just effort or helping others. For example, patience is a non-academic behavior that nonetheless supports academic success and relationships. (一定要包括学术或良好行为之外的行为——不仅仅是努力或帮助他人。例如，耐心是一种非学术行为，但它仍然有助于学术成功和人际关系。)”可知，上文举例说明一些非学业行为也很重要，本空应继续列举类似的行为。A 选项“So are courage and caring. (勇气和关心也是如此。)”承接上文，进一步举例说明其他非学术行为，符合题意。故选A。
18．由上文“Talk about valued behaviors with students. In this process, it helps to define what the set of expected behaviors looks and sounds like in student-accessible language with students themselves. (与学生谈论受重视的行为。在这个过程中，有助于使用学生易于理解的语言，与学生一同明确这套预期行为的具体表现和样子。)”和下文“For example, Sunset Beach Elementary School chose responsibility as their goal in January. (例如，日落海滩小学在一月份选择了“责任感”作为他们的目标。)”可知，上文描述与学生谈论受重视的行为。下文举例说明学校会选择一个行为作为主题，本空应强调为谈论受重视的行为学校的措施，F选项“Schools often start with a single behavior as the theme for a month. (学校通常以一种单一的行为作为一个月的主题开始。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选F。
19．由上文“The staff first spend a few minutes at a staff meeting defining what the term looks and sounds like before facilitating the same activity with students. (教职工首先会在教职工会议上花几分钟时间定义这个词看起来和听起来是什么样的，然后再与学生一起开展同样的活动。)”以及下文“Naming things people would say or do that the group believes qualify as responsibility and not something else is hard. (说出或做出群体认为符合责任而不是其他事情的行为是很难的。)”可知，本空应强调定义责任这个行为并不容易。D选项“This can be surprisingly difficult to do. (这做起来可能会出乎意料地困难。)”能承上启下，符合语境，这里的This指代上文定义责任的行为，且引出了下文关于定义困难的描述。故选D。
20．由上文“Co-defining terms with students using examples and language they can understand and find culturally relevant and inclusive increases student buy-in, access, and opportunity to feel valued by the community. (使用学生能够理解且在文化上相关并具有包容性的例子和语言与学生共同定义术语，会增加学生的认同感、参与度以及感受到被社区重视的机会。)”及下文 “Therefore, you have a working set of criteria for everyone to calibrate (校准) around as they practice thanking others for the specific behavior when they see and hear it. (因此，当每个人看到和听到特定行为时，在他们练习感谢他人的这种行为时，你就有了一套可行的标准供大家校准。)”可知，这里应强调把共同定义的内容展示出来以便大家校准，G 选项“Stick the group definition of responsibility on the wall for the month. (把团队对“责任感”的定义贴在墙上一个月。)”符合语境，起到了承上启下的作用。故选G。
【答案】
21．C 22．B 23．D 24．B 25．A 26．D 27．B 28．A 29．C 30．D 31．A 32．C 33．D 34．C 35．B
【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过自己做广播节目时听众的评价以及对生活中常见事物的观察，感悟到不要把任何事物或人视为理所当然，要珍惜生活中的每一个瞬间。
【解析】21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这并不是要冒犯我。A. compliment赞美；B. joke玩笑；C. offense冒犯；D. surprise惊喜。根据上文“one of my listeners called me a “scavenger (拾荒者)””和下文“In fact, I took it as a great”可知下文提到作者实际上认为这是好的，可推理出作者并不认为被称作“拾荒者”是一种冒犯，故选C项。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，我把它当作对我所做事情的极大赞美。A. criticism批评；B. praise赞美；C. challenge挑战；D. responsibility责任。根据下文“In fact, I took it as a great”可知上文提到作者并不认为被称作“拾荒者”是一种冒犯，反而认为是好的，分析选项，B项“praise赞美”表示的含义符合语境，作者把它当作对所做事情的极大赞美，故选B项。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：你在生活中搜寻那些非常重要但却被大多数人忽视的东西。A. appreciated欣赏；感激；B. noticed注意到；C. valued重视；D. overlooked忽视。根据下文“they become the background of our lives”可知下文说的是这些东西成为了我们生活的背景，可推理出此处说的是重要但被忽视的东西，故选D项。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我通过说有时候最重要的东西是如此明显以至于它们成为了我们生活的背景来澄清这一点。A. confirmed确认；B. clarified澄清；C. doubted怀疑；D. rejected拒绝。根据下文“saying that sometimes the most important things are so”可知下文说的是作者要谈最重要的东西的情况，可推理出作者是在对听众的话进行进一步的解释说明，即澄清，故选B项。
25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我通过说有时候最重要的东西是如此明显以至于它们成为了我们生活的背景来澄清这一点。A. obvious明显的；B. complicated复杂的；C. impressive印象深刻的；D. mysterious神秘的。根据上文“the most important things”以及下文“they become the background of our lives”可知上文说的是最重要的东西，下文说的是成为了我们生活的背景，可推理出此处说的是有时候最重要的东西是如此明显以至于它们成为了我们生活的背景，故选A项。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：就像看电影一样，我经常倾听主要角色但却看后面的人——也就是所谓的 “群众演员”。A. plots情节；B. scenes场景；C. themes主题；D. characters角色。根据上文“Like watching a movie” 可知上文说的是就像看电影一样，可推理出空白处应填表示“角色”含义的表达，与后文“群众演员”形成对比，故选D项。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就是问题开始的地方。A. slips滑倒；B. begins开始；C. continues继续；D. ends结束。根据上文“watch the people in the back”以及下文“We take people, places, moments for granted and see them as “extras””可知上文说的是看背后的人，下文说的是我们把人、地方、时刻视为理所当然，并把它们看作“群众演员”，可得出问题“始于”人们将一些人和事物视为背景，故选B项。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这两个主要角色搜寻那些本身很重要但却埋在废墟堆里的东西。A. buried埋葬；B. exposed暴露；C. displayed展示；D. preserved保存。根据上文“by themselves are significant”以及下文“in piles of debris”可知上文说的是本身很重要的东西，下文说的是在废墟堆里，可推理出此处说的是所以是本身很重要但却埋在废墟堆里的东西，故选A项。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我去年理解了这个真理，当时我发现了夏天每天都会发生的事情。A. knowledge知识；B. word单词；话语；C. truth真理；D. problem问题。根据上文“Never take anything or anyone for granted.”可知上文说的是永远不要把任何事物或人视为理所当然，这是作者感悟到的一个真理，所以这里是理解了这个真理，故选C项。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我去年理解了这个真理，当时我发现了夏天每天都会发生的事情。A. denied否认；B. forgot忘记；C. imagined想象；D. discovered发现。根据下文“something that happened everyday during the summer”可知下文提到了夏天每天都会发生的事情，可推理出作者是发现了这样一个每天都会发生的景象，故选D项。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：黄昏时分，太阳在我们家后面落下，有那么几分钟，阳光穿透了树木。A. set落下；B. passed经过；C. glowed发光；D. stopped停止。根据上文“At dusk, the sun”可知上文提到了黄昏，黄昏时太阳是落下的，故选A项。
32．考查动词短语辨析。句意：黄昏时分，太阳在我们家后面落下，有那么几分钟，阳光穿透了树木。A. took in吸收；欺骗；B. cut off切断；C. broke through突破；穿透；D. fed on以……为食。根据下文“the trees”可知下文提到了树木，可推理出这里是说阳光穿透了树木，故选C项。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个提醒，提醒我我活过，提醒我我又度过了一天，它比黄金更有价值。A. mark标志；B. memory记忆；C. symbol象征；D. reminder提醒的事物。根据下文“that I had lived, that I had made it through another day”可知下文说的是我活过，我又度过了一天，这个景象是对作者的一个提醒，故选D项。
34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一个提醒，提醒我我活过，提醒我我又度过了一天，它比黄金更有价值。A. popular受欢迎的；B. heavy重的；C. valuable有价值的；D. natural自然的。根据下文“than gold”可知下文说的是与黄金相比较，可推理出这里是说它比黄金更有价值，故选C项。
35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每一次日落都是不同的。每一次日出都证明生活又给了你一次机会。A. critical关键的；B. different不同的；C. similar相似的；D. ordinary普通的。根据下文“Every sun rise is a proof that life has given you another chance.”可知下文说的是每一次日出都证明生活又给了你一次机会，可推理出作者认为每一次日落都是独特的，不同的，故选B项。
【答案】
36．defence/defense 37．relaxing 38．contributes 39．a 40．looked 41．which 42．helping 43．potentially 44．in 45．better
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍研究发现旅游能减缓老龄化的过程并解释了原因。
【解析】36．考查名词。句意：一项新的研究表明，旅行可能是防止衰老的最好方法。could be后接名词短语作表语，空前有“the best”修饰，应用名词形式，故填defence或defense，意为“防御；保护”，为不可数名词。故填defence/defense。
37．考查形容词。句意：研究人员表示，旅游通常会让人们接触到新的环境和放松的活动，让我们随着年龄的增长而变得更年轻。此处修饰名词activities，应用形容词，relax的形容词有relaxing (令人放松的)和relaxed (感到放松的)，这里表示“令人放松的活动”，所以用修饰事物的-ing形容词relaxing，作定语修饰名词activities。故填relaxing。
38．考查动词时态。句意：旅游不仅是休闲娱乐，还有助于人们的身心健康。根据 “Tourism is not only about leisure and recreation, but also...”可知，此处是not only...but also... 连接的并列结构，前面是is，后面也应用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式，谓语动词contribute的第三人称单数是contributes。故填contributes。
39．考查冠词。句意：衰老作为一个过程，是不可逆转的。“process”是可数名词，此处表示“作为一个过程”，应用不定冠词，process以辅音音素开头，所以用 a。故填a。
40．考查动词时态。句意：研究人员研究了旅行如何影响我们的年龄。根据文章整体时态可知，此处描述过去的研究动作，应用一般过去时，谓语动词look的过去式是looked。故填looked。
41．考查定语从句。句意：旅行还可以促进我们的新陈代谢，从而增强我们的免疫系统。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是主句内容讲的事，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。
42．考查非谓语动词。句意：旅行还可以帮助修复身体组织，帮助减缓衰老的迹象。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词，该空后内容是前句造成的意料之中的结果，help用现在分词形式作结果状语，所以用现在分词helping。故填helping。
43．考查副词。句意：她说，这些活动可能会减少肌肉和关节的紧张和疲劳，参与这些活动可以增强身体的免疫功能和自我保护能力。此处修饰动词reduce，应用副词形式作状语，potential的副词是potentially。故填potentially。
44．考查固定短语。句意：她说，这些活动可能会减少肌肉和关节的紧张和疲劳，参与这些活动可以增强身体的免疫功能和自我保护能力。“participate in”是固定短语，意为“参加”。故填in。
45．考查形容词比较级。句意：研究人员还表示，旅行可能比抗衰老面霜更好。根据“than anti-ageing creams”可知，此处应用形容词比较级，good的比较级是better。故填better。
46．【答案】Dear Tom,
How are you doing recently Knowing that you’re fond of pandas, I’m writing to tell you I choose a creative cultural product with panda elements to present you.
The gift is a calendar with many panda pictures, each of which is very vivid, showing the cute and interesting aspects of pandas. When you look at the calendar, you’ll be attracted by the lovely pandas. Besides, the product is rich in the knowledge about pandas, which can help you have a deep understanding of pandas. Hope you will love the gift!
Look forward to your coming to China to see pandas by yourself.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华身份给英国朋友Tom写邮件，介绍赠送含有熊猫元素文创产品的意图，解释原因，并邀请其来中国旅游。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
选择：choose → select
礼物：gift → present
此外：besides → in addition
吸引：attract → fascinate
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Look forward to your coming to China to see pandas by yourself.
拓展句：I sincerely anticipate that you will come to China to see pandas with your own eyes.
【点睛】【高分句型1】When you look at the calendar, you’ll be attracted by the lovely pandas. (运用了when引导的时间状语从句)
【高分句型2】Besides, the product is rich in the knowledge about pandas, which can help you have a deep understanding of pandas. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
47．【答案】One possible version:
Every time I skate, I remember my father’s support that helped me reach this stage. I still remember the first skating race that I signed up for and took part in. Standing in the starting line, I felt nervous at first, but my father’s encouragement occurred to me. I took a deep breath to make myself relax. I skated smoothly in the first lap and gradually got more confident. I was skating faster and faster when a competitor appeared before me and I couldn’t avoid properly and fell. My father rushed over to check my situation.
Looking at my father’s concerned look, I struggled to my feet. I slowly walked and then began to skate, with my father accompanying me side by side. My legs ached, but I still completed my race. Although I didn’t win a prize, I got cheers from the audience and tight hugs from my family. I still love to skate because it teaches me balance. Just like a terrain that isn’t always smooth, life also has its ups and downs. We face difficulties and problems, but if we hold our parents and family’s hands tightly and stay proud of ourselves, we can smoothly get through anything.
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开。作者六岁时父亲为其报名滑冰课，虽遇冰鞋不合脚等困难，但在父亲和教练鼓励下坚持练习。父亲买新鞋后，作者进步显著，家人朋友为其高兴自豪 。
【详解】1.段落续写
①由第一段句首内容“每次我滑冰，我都会想起父亲的支持，正是他帮助我达到了这个阶段。”可知，第一段可以描写作者回忆学滑冰的进步的过程和突发的摔倒事件。
②由第二段句首内容“看着父亲忧心忡忡的神情，我挣扎着站了起来。”可知，第二段可以描写父亲帮助作者的过程和作者的感悟。
2.续写线索：想起父亲的支持——更有信心——摔倒——挣扎着站起——父亲陪伴——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①参加：take part in/participate in
②出现：appear/show up
③冲，迅速移动：rush/dash
情绪类
①紧张的：nervous/stressful
②自豪：stay proud of/take pride in
【点睛】【高分句型1】I still remember the first skating race that I signed up for and took part in. (运用了that引导的定语从句)
【高分句型2】We face difficulties and problems, but if we hold our parents and family’s hands tightly and stay proud of ourselves, we can smoothly get through anything. (运用了if引导的条件状语从句)
一、阅读理解（本大题共5小题）
Welcome back to Axis Bank Splash! It is an annual nationwide competition on Art, Craft and Literature, to encourage and foster goodwill among the children in the age group of 7-14 years. This year, Splash will focus on the theme of “Gratitude”, encouraging young participants to reflect on and express the importance of appreciation through their creativity. We believe that by providing these young minds with the opportunity to express themselves, we are helping to shape a brighter future for us all. We look forward to seeing the amazing creations that come out of Splash and to continuing supporting the creativity and the potential of young minds.
Themes
Choose the themes suiting yourself.
Group Theme
Kids 7 - 10 The Grateful Hearts
Kids 11 - 14 The Unsung Heroes
Prizes
The winners of the competition will be instructed by several domain experts. The top 3 finalists from each category will be awarded prizes.
In addition, all winners will get a chance to have their artworks displayed at the Museum of Art and Photography (MAP).
What’s more, the top 400 qualifiers will win exciting gifts and electronic gadgets (小用品) from partners.
Alongside the competition, the Bank will host engaging sessions and fun-filled activities for the participants in schools.
Registration
The participants can register and submit their entries www. axisbanksplash. in till 30thNovember. Don’t miss the chance to make a hit with your creativity. We are waiting for your masterpieces!
Marking a significant milestone, the last edition of the competition witnessed entries from over 680thousand participants from all over the nation, which has increased by 36% year on year.
1．What is Axis Bank Splash
A．An organization. B．A literature club.
C．A nationwide contest. D．An art museum.
2．What will the winners get
A．A chance to be experts. B．Some prepared prizes.
C．A visit to the MAP. D．Admission to schools for free.
3．What is required to submit entries
A．Marking an important entry. B．Submitting the work by email.
C．Registering on the given website. D．Looking through the specific website.
In 2020, at age 14, William Cabaniss noticed that some of his classmates were skipping meals due to food insecurity, and he wanted to do something. To help his classmates and his community, he started making bottles of homemade vanilla extract (香草精) and donated 100% of his profits to his local food bank.
“No one should be hungry,” William said. “No one should have to worry about where their next meal is coming from.”
William had been enjoying baking as a hobby. One day, while baking a pan of cakes and adding vanilla, he realized he could easily produce his own vanilla extract rather than purchasing it at the supermarket. Then he took the idea a step further by planning to sell the vanilla extract and donate all profits to the local food bank where he volunteered.
He immediately went to work putting his new plan into action. He used his own recipe to produce as many bottles of vanilla extract as possible during his free time. He then created a logo and designed a website to start the business.
In 2020, William invited volunteers to join him on his mission to fight hunger in his community. The extremely positive response allowed him to expand his program into a non-profit organization, Vanilla Feeds Tomorrow. The non-profit project continues operations today, and William donates the profit to Second Harvest Food Bank of East Tennessee. Each $30 bottle sold provides approximately 42 meals to people in need, and the organization has raised more than $200, 000 to date.
“There was no one better. They support so many counties across East Tennessee and, within those counties, there’re so many distribution areas or food storage rooms and charities,” William said of Second Harvest. “Their range is just truly awe-inspiring. I wanted every penny to go as far as it could.”
4．Why did some students skip meals
A．They wanted to lose weight. B．They were particular about food.
C．They were worried about food safety. D．They doubted the food’s flavor and nutrition.
5．What inspired William to fight hunger by selling the vanilla extract
A．His baking process. B．His shopping experience.
C．His recipe from his mother. D．His experience as a volunteer.
6．Which word can best describe William
A．Intelligent and brave. B．Generous and helpful.
C．Careful and determined. D．Ambitious and patient.
7．What can be the best title of the text
A．A Teen Sold Homemade Vanilla Extract to Make Money
B．A Teen Started Business to Raise Funds for Local Food Bank
C．A Teen Worked Hard to Make a Difference to the Community
D．A Teen Volunteered to Help Those Who Skipped Meals Globally
A new research finds people who brag (吹嘘)about their stress levels are seen as less competent and less likable by their co-workers. “This is a behavior we’ve all seen and we all might be guilty of at some point,” says Jessica Rodell, lead author of the study in the journal Personnel Psychology. “When I was wondering about why people do this, I thought maybe we are talking about our stress because we want to prove we’re good enough. We found out that often has the opposite effect.”
360 participants compared statements from imaginary co-workers who just returned from a conference. Participants rated their imaginary co-worker on likability, competence, and the likelihood they would help the co-worker at work. In the survey, the stress-bragging colleague described the conference as “just one more thing on my full plate. And I was already stressed to the max… you have no idea the stress that I am under.” Participants rated that person as significantly less likable and less competent than someone who said work had been stressful or who just talked about how great the conference was. Participants also said they would be less likely to help the complaining co-workers if they were overburdened at work.
The researchers also found employees with co-workers who brag about stress often reported higher levels of personal stress and burnout. “Bragging about stress creates the perception that high stress levels are an expected and normal part of the work culture,” Rodell says. “When somebody is constantly talking about and bragging about their stress, it makes stress seem like a good thing,” Rodell adds. “It just spills over onto the co-workers next to them. They wind up feeling more stressed, which leads to higher burnout or withdrawal from their work.”
“It’s not the being stressed part that’s a problem,” she says. “If you really feel stressed, it’s OK to find the right person to share with and talk about it. But be mindful that stress is not an honor to be bragged about — that will have the opposite effect.”
8．What does Jessica Rodell mean by saying the underlined sentence
A．Bragging about stress levels is common.
B．Only a few people brag about their stress levels.
C．Many people like to brag about their accomplishments.
D．Researchers feel guilty about talking about stress with others.
9．Why might people talk about their stress levels according to Jessica Rodell
A．To make friends at work. B．To seek help from others.
C．To show they are very busy. D．To prove they are competent.
10．What did the participants compare in the survey
A．Different methods of stress management.
B．Their own stress levels with those of their co-workers.
C．The productivity levels before and after the conference.
D．Statements from imaginary co-workers attending the conference.
11．How does one’s constant stress bragging affect his or her co-workers
A．It motivates them to work harder. B．It lets them feel more stressed.
C．It makes them feel less competent. D．It encourages them to seek promotions.
Struggling to fit workouts into your busy week You’re not alone. New research suggests that “weekend warriors (勇士)” who pack at least 150 minutes of exercise into one or two days enjoy similar health benefits to those who spread workouts throughout the week.
Another recent study found that being a weekend warrior reduced the risk of cognitive conditions such as dementia, Parkinson’s disease, stroke, and depressive disorders.
Living a sedentary (久坐不动的) lifestyle raises a person’s risk of a range of ailments, including cardiovascular disease, Type-2 diabetes, stroke, cancer, depression, and anxiety. About half of all Americans have chronic diseases that could be prevented with the help of regular physical activity, according to the U. S. Department of Health and Human Services.
The nearly 90, 000 people whose data the researchers analyzed in the new study were divided into three categories: regular exerciser, weekend warrior, and the pared to those who didn’t exercise, regular exercisers and weekend warriors had a lower risk of more than 260 diseases over six years. The protective benefits for Type-2 diabetes were highest, with 43 percent lower risk for the weekend warrior and 46 percent lower risk for the regular exerciser, respectively.
“No time to exercise Just 5 minutes still has a big impact. The research adds to earlier studies that show that any amount of physical activity counts and allows people some flexibility, ” says SaraK. Rosenkranz, an exercise physiologist and associate professor of kinesiology and nutrition sciences at the University of Nevada Las Vegas. “If you’re not regularly getting moderate-to-vigorous (中度到剧烈的) physical activity throughout the week but have time to do it on the weekend, you can do something you enjoy, like a bike ride or a hike, ” she says. “The thing to keep in mind is that it doesn’t take much. Even if it’s just a few minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity here or there, you’re going to get a benefit. Working out even one or two days a week also lower the risk of mood disorders, which is another major benefit, ” adds Rosenkranz.
12．What does the new study tell us
A．Weekend workouts are also beneficial to us.
B．Most people choose to exercise on weekends.
C．Weekend warriors are healthier than regular exercisers.
D．Few people can keep working out daily and consistently.
13．Which can probably replace the underlined word “ailments” in paragraph 3
A．Injuries. B．Consequences. C．Emotions. D．Illnesses.
14．What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about
A．The result of the research. B．The process of the research.
C．The health status of Americans. D．The data of the research objects.
15．What does Rosenkranz probably agree with
A．The time of exercising matters a lot. B．We had better exercise every weekday.
C．As long as we exercise, it counts a lot. D．Taking exercise doesn’t take much energy.
Building a shared gratitude practice can have a profound impact on a school’s culture and the emotional health and belonging of students and staff. Here’s what to do.
16 School leadership can start by analyzing what already guides the school and come up with a list. You can finalize the list with staff, or even include students in the process. Be sure to include behaviors outside of academic or good behavior — not just effort or helping others. For example, patience is a non-academic behavior that nonetheless supports academic success and relationships. 17
Talk about valued behaviors with students. In this process, it helps to define what the set of expected behaviors looks and sounds like in student-accessible language with students themselves. 18 For example, Sunset Beach Elementary School chose responsibility as their goal in January. The staff first spend a few minutes at a staff meeting defining what the term looks and sounds like before facilitating the same activity with students. 19 Naming things people would say or do that the group believes qualify as responsibility and not something else is hard. The effort, however, builds a more precise, inclusive, and shared understanding of what counts and what does not.
Co-defining terms with students using examples and language they can understand and find culturally relevant and inclusive increases student buy-in, access, and opportunity to feel valued by the community. 20 Therefore, you have a working set of criteria for everyone to calibrate (校准) around as they practice thanking others for the specific behavior when they see and hear it.
Remember a simple “thank you” can create the type of school climate where everyone can thrive.
A．So are courage and caring.
B．Choose behaviors to appreciate.
C．Build a schoolwide gratitude practice.
D．This can be surprisingly difficult to do.
E．Believe it or not, it’s not easy to be a leader of a school.
F．Schools often start with a single behavior as the theme for a month.
G．Stick the group definition of responsibility on the wall for the month.
二、完形填空（本大题共1小题）
Many years ago when I had a radio program, one of my listeners called me a “scavenger (拾荒者)”. It wasn’t meant to be a(n) 21 . In fact, I took it as a great 22 to what I did. She went on to say, “You scavenge through life to find things that are so important yet 23 by most people. ”
I 24 it by saying that sometimes the most important things are so 25 that they become the background of our lives. Like watching a movie, I often listen to the main 26 but watch the people in the back — the “extras (群众演员)”, as they are called.
That’s where the problem 27 . We take people, places, moments for granted and see them as “extras”. Almost like the show American Pickers. The two main characters scavenge for things that, by themselves are significant, but 28 in piles of debris (废墟).
Never take anything or anyone for granted. I understood this 29 last year, when I 30 something that happened everyday during the summer. At dusk, the sun 31 behind our home and for just a few minutes, the sun light 32 the trees. I took that picture with my phone. It made for a nice picture but much more than that.
It is a 33 that I had lived, that I had made it through another day and it is more 34 than gold. Every sun set is 35 . Every sun rise is a proof that life has given you another chance.
21．A．compliment B．joke C．offense D．surprise
22．A．criticism B．praise C．challenge D．responsibility
23．A．appreciated B．noticed C．valued D．overlooked
24．A．confirmed B．clarified C．doubted D．rejected
25．A．obvious B．complicated C．impressive D．mysterious
26．A．plots B．scenes C．themes D．characters
27．A．slips B．begins C．continues D．ends
28．A．buried B．exposed C．displayed D．preserved
29．A．knowledge B．word C．truth D．problem
30．A．denied B．forgot C．imagined D．discovered
31．A．set B．passed C．glowed D．stopped
32．A．took in B．cut off C．broke through D．fed on
33．A．mark B．memory C．symbol D．reminder
34．A．popular B．heavy C．valuable D．natural
35．A．critical B．different C．similar D．ordinary
三、语法填空（本大题共1小题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It is no secret that going on a trip is fun. But what if it could also make you look and feel younger A new study says that travel could be the best 36 (defend) against ageing. The travel bug could be one hobby that is healthy. The researchers said tourism typically exposes people to new surroundings and 37 (relax) activities, making us more youthful as we get older. Fangli Hu, the lead author of the research, said: “Tourism is not only about leisure and recreation, but also 38 (contribute) to people’s physical and mental health.” Ms. Hu added: “Ageing, as 39 process, is irreversible (不可逆的). While it can’t be stopped, it can be slowed down.”
The researchers 40 (look) at how travelling might affect how we age. They suggested that going on vacations, backpacking and sightseeing can lower stress. Travelling can also boost our metabolism (新陈代谢), 41 strengthens our immune system. Travelling could also assist with repairing body tissue, 42 (help) to slow down the signs of ageing. Ms. Hu said travelling often involves physical activities like hiking, climbing, and cycling. She said these 43 (potential) reduce tension and tiredness in the muscles and joints, and participating 44 these activities could enhance the body’s immune function and self-protection capabilities. The researchers also said travelling could be 45 (good) than anti-ageing creams.
四、书信写作（本大题共1小题）
46．假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Tom很喜欢大熊猫，你打算寄给他一份含有熊猫元素的文创产品。请根据下面的提示给他写封邮件，内容包括：
1. 写信目的；
2. 选送此礼物的原因；
3. 欢迎他来中国旅游。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
参考词汇: creative cultural product 文创产品
Dear Tom,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
五、书面表达（本大题共1小题）
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was six years old when my father heard about skating classes. He somehow knew I was going to do well in it. He filled out the form and got me enrolled (登记). My mother was a little afraid because I was too thin and small.
I was excited, yet frightened, but my family gave me all the courage and confidence I needed. The class was scheduled for 7 am. But guess what My happiness and excitement turned upside down when no one was available to take me to class early in the morning because of work commitments. I had lost all hope of making it to the class, but my father surprised me by getting permission to go to work late on my class days.
Finally, when we arrived for my class, I saw that, even though it was the first class, some students were already skating like experts! To make matters worse, all the skating shoes that fit me were already taken. I was given a pair that didn’t fit well.
My father and the instructor encouraged me a lot, so I tried. Every time I attempted to skate, I fell and felt embarrassed. Then my father would hold my hand and walk with me. After I returned home, I couldn’t stop thinking about how I could do well and become an expert.
The next day, my father bought me a new pair of skating shoes. They were grey and black, which were comfortable to wear. For the entire week, I practiced skating before my next class. In each subsequent class, I performed better than before. Not only could I skate and walk, but I was also able to race, brake, hop and do much more. My family and friends were so happy and proud to see my progress.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
Every time I skate, I remember my father’s support that helped me reach this stage.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Looking at my father’s concerned look, I struggled to my feet.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了 Axis Bank Splash 比赛的要求、奖项等相关信息。
【解析】1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Welcome back to Axis Bank Splash! It is an annual nationwide competition on Art, Craft and Literature (欢迎回到Axis Bank Splash！这是一项一年一度的全国艺术、工艺和文学竞赛。)”可知，Axis Bank Splash 是全国性的比赛。故选 C。
2．细节理解题。根据Prizes 部分中的“The winners of the competition will be instructed by several domain experts. The top 3 finalists from each category will be awarded prizes. In addition, all winners will get a chance to have their artworks displayed at the Museum of Art and Photography (MAP) . What’s more, the top 400 qualifiers will win exciting gifts and electronic gadgets (小用品) from partners.(比赛的优胜者将由几位领域专家指导。每个类别的前三名决赛选手将获得奖品。此外，所有获奖者将有机会在艺术与摄影博物馆（MAP）展出他们的作品。更重要的是，前400名的选手将获得来自合作伙伴的精彩礼物和电子产品。)” 说明获奖者会得到一些准备好的奖品，包括专家指导、在博物馆展示作品的机会以及合作伙伴提供的礼品和电子小用品等。故选 B。
3．细节理解题。根据Registration中“The participants can register and submit their entries www. axisbanksplash. in till 30th November. (参赛者可以在11月30日之前在www. Axisbanksplash.in上注册并提交他们的作品。)” 可知，参与者需要在指定网站 www.axisbanksplash.in上注册并提交参赛作品。故选 C。
【答案】4．C 5．A 6．B 7．B
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了14岁的William Cabaniss通过自制香草精销售，将全部利润捐赠给食物银行来帮助他人的善举。
【解析】4．细节理解题。由文章第一段中“In 2020, at age 14, William Cabaniss noticed that some of his classmates were skipping meals due to food insecurity, and he wanted to do something. (2020年，14岁的威廉 卡巴尼斯注意到他的一些同学因为食物得不到保障而不吃东西，他想为此做点什么)”可知，一些学生不吃饭是因为食品不安全，也就是担心食物问题。故选C。
5．细节理解题。由文章第三段中“One day, while baking a pan of cakes and adding vanilla, he realized he could easily produce his own vanilla extract rather than purchasing it at the supermarket. Then he took the idea a step further by planning to sell the vanilla extract and donate all profits to the local food bank where he volunteered. (一天，当他烤一盘蛋糕并加入香草时，他意识到他可以很容易地自己制作香草精，而不是在超市购买。然后，他进一步提出了这个想法，计划出售香草精，并将所有利润捐给他志愿服务的当地食品银行)”可知，是他的烘焙过程启发他通过卖香草精来对抗饥饿。故选A。
6．推理判断题。由文章第一段中“In 2020, at age 14, William Cabaniss noticed that some of his classmates were skipping meals due to food insecurity, and he wanted to do something. (2020年，14岁的威廉 卡巴尼斯注意到他的一些同学因为食物得不到保障而不吃东西，他想为此做点什么)”和第三段中“One day, while baking a pan of cakes and adding vanilla, he realized he could easily produce his own vanilla extract rather than purchasing it at the supermarket. Then he took the idea a step further by planning to sell the vanilla extract and donate all profits to the local food bank where he volunteered. (一天，当他烤一盘蛋糕并加入香草时，他意识到他可以很容易地自己制作香草精，而不是在超市购买。然后，他进一步提出了这个想法，计划出售香草精，并将所有利润捐给他志愿服务的当地食品银行)”和第五段“The extremely positive response allowed him to expand his program into a non-profit organization, Vanilla Feeds Tomorrow. The non-profit project continues operations today, and William donates the profit to Second Harvest Food Bank of East Tennessee. Each $30 bottle sold provides approximately 42 meals to people in need, and the organization has raised more than $200, 000 to date.(这个非常积极的反应让他把他的项目扩展成一个非营利组织——Vanilla Feeds Tomorrow。这个非营利性项目一直持续到今天，威廉将收益捐给了东田纳西州的第二丰收食品银行。每瓶售价30美元的可乐能为有需要的人提供大约42顿饭，到目前为止，该组织已经筹集了20多万美元)”可知，文章讲述了威廉为了帮助有食物问题的同学和社区，制作并售卖自制香草精，将全部利润捐给当地食品银行，还成立非营利组织。他慷慨地把利润捐出，且积极帮助他人，所以他是慷慨且乐于助人的。故选B。
7．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段中“In 2020, at age 14, William Cabaniss noticed that some of his classmates were skipping meals due to food insecurity, and he wanted to do something. (2020年，14岁的威廉 卡巴尼斯注意到他的一些同学因为食物得不到保障而不吃东西，他想为此做点什么)”和第三段中“One day, while baking a pan of cakes and adding vanilla, he realized he could easily produce his own vanilla extract rather than purchasing it at the supermarket. Then he took the idea a step further by planning to sell the vanilla extract and donate all profits to the local food bank where he volunteered. (一天，当他烤一盘蛋糕并加入香草时，他意识到他可以很容易地自己制作香草精，而不是在超市购买。然后，他进一步提出了这个想法，计划出售香草精，并将所有利润捐给他志愿服务的当地食品银行)”可知，文章主要围绕少年威廉通过制作售卖自制香草精来为当地食品银行筹集资金展开。B项“A Teen Started Business to Raise Funds for Local Food Bank (一名青少年创业为当地食品银行筹集资金)”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选B。
【答案】8．A 9．D 10．D 11．B
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了《人事心理学》杂志的一项新的研究发现，吹嘘自己压力水平的人被同事视为能力较差，也不太讨人喜欢。
【解析】8．句意猜测题。划线句中“This is a behavior we’ve all seen and we all might be guilty of at some point,(这是我们都见过的行为，我们都可能在某个时候为此感到愧疚过)”中的主语This指代上文“brag about their stress levels(吹嘘自己的压力水平)”，因此根据句中的两个all可以推测出，杰西卡·罗德尔所说的划线句的意思是吹嘘压力水平的现象是很常见的。故选A项。
9．细节理解题。根据第一段中 “When I was wondering about why people do this, I thought maybe we are talking about our stress because we want to prove we’re good enough.(当我想知道为什么人们会这样做时，我想也许我们谈论我们的压力是因为我们想证明我们足够好)” 可知，谈论压力大的人是因为他们想证明自己足够好，由此可以推知，Jessica Rodell认为人们吹嘘压力是为了展示自己很有能力。故选D项。
10．细节理解题。根据第二段“360 participants compared statements from imaginary co-workers who just returned from a conference.(360名参与者比较了刚从会议中回来的假想同事的陈述)”可知，参与者比较的是参加会议的假想同事的陈述。故选D项。
11．细节理解题。根据第三段“The researchers also found employees with co-workers who brag about stress often reported higher levels of personal stress and burnout.(研究人员还发现，和吹嘘压力的人做同事，他们的个人压力和倦怠程度往往更高)”及“When somebody is constantly talking about and bragging about their stress, it makes stress seem like a good thing,...It just spills over onto the co-workers next to them. They wind up feeling more stressed, which leads to higher burnout or withdrawal from their work.(吹嘘压力会让人觉得，高压力是工作文化中意料之中、正常的一部分……这只会影响到他们旁边的同事。他们最终会感到更大的压力，从而导致更高的倦怠或对工作的退缩)”可知，一个人不断吹嘘压力，这只会蔓延到他旁边的同事身上，他的同事最终会感到压力更大。故选B项。
【答案】12．A 13．D 14．A 15．C
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。一项最新研究表明：对于工作日很难安排出时间锻炼身体的人而言，在周末安排相应的运动锻炼同样具有好处，一样能降低很多疾病的发病风险。
【解析】12．细节理解题。根据第一段中 “New research suggests that “weekend warriors (勇士)” who pack at least 150 minutes of exercise into one or two days enjoy similar health benefits to those who spread workouts throughout the week.(“周末勇士”在一到两天内至少锻炼150分钟，与那些在一周内分散锻炼的人获得的健康益处相似。)”可知，新的研究表明，在一两天内完成至少150分钟锻炼的“周末勇士”和那些在一周内分散锻炼的人享受类似的健康益处，即周末锻炼对我们也有益处。故选A项。
13．词句猜测题。根据划线单词句中“…including cardiovascular disease, Type-2 diabetes, stroke, cancer, depression, and anxiety.(包括心血管疾病、2型糖尿病、中风、癌症、抑郁和焦虑。)”以及后一句中“About half of all Americans have chronic diseases(大约一半的美国人患有慢性疾病。)”可知，久坐不动的生活方式会增加一个人患上一系列“ailments”的风险，后面列举的“cardiovascular disease, Type-2 diabetes, stroke, cancer, depression, and anxiety”都是疾病，所以“ailments”意思是“疾病”，D 选项“illnesses”（疾病）符合。故选D项。
14．主旨大意题。根据第四段“The nearly 90, 000 people whose data the researchers analyzed in the new study were divided into three categories: regular exerciser, weekend warrior, and the pared to those who didn’t exercise, regular exercisers and weekend warriors had a lower risk of more than 260 diseases over six years. The protective benefits for Type-2 diabetes were highest, with 43 percent lower risk for the weekend warrior and 46 percent lower risk for the regular exerciser, respectively.(在这项新研究中，研究人员分析了近9万人的数据，将他们分为三类：定期锻炼者、周末战士和不运动者。与那些不锻炼的人相比，经常锻炼和周末运动的人在六年内患260多种疾病的风险较低。对2型糖尿病的保护作用是最大的，周末战士的风险降低了43%，定期锻炼者的风险降低了46%。)”可知，主要讲述了研究人员对近 9 万人的数据进行分析，将他们分为三类，然后比较了不同类别与不锻炼的人在六年内患260多种疾病的风险情况，这是研究的结果。故选A项。
15．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“No time to exercise Just 5 minutes still has a big impact. The research adds to earlier studies that show that any amount of physical activity counts and allows people some flexibility(“没时间锻炼？”仅仅5分钟也有很大的影响。这项研究补充了早期的研究，表明任何数量的体育活动都是重要的，并使人们有一定的灵活性)”以及 “Even if it’s just a few minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity here or there, you’re going to get a benefit. Working out even one or two days a week also lower the risk of mood disorders, which is another major benefit(即使只是在这里或那里进行几分钟中等到高强度的体育活动，你也会从中受益。即使每周锻炼一到两天也能降低患情绪障碍的风险，这是另一个主要好处。)”可知，Rosenkranz认为只要锻炼就很重要，即使只有几分钟的中度到剧烈的体育活动，也会有好处，一周锻炼一两天也能降低情绪障碍的风险。故选C项。
【答案】16．B 17．A 18．F 19．D 20．G
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了建立共享感恩实践对学校文化及师生情感和归属感有深远影响及具体做法。
【解析】16．由上文“Building a shared gratitude practice can have a profound impact on a school’s culture and the emotional health and belonging of students and staff. Here’s what to do. (建立共同的感恩实践可以对学校文化以及学生和教职员工的情感健康和归属感产生深远影响。以下是要做的事情。)”及下文“School leadership can start by analyzing what already guides the school and come up with a list. You can finalize the list with staff, or even include students in the process. Be sure to include behaviors outside of academic or good behavior — not just effort or helping others. (学校领导可以从分析已经指导学校的因素开始，并列出一个清单。你可以和教职员工一起确定清单，甚至可以让学生参与这个过程。一定要包括学术或良好行为之外的行为——不仅仅是努力或帮助他人。)”可知，本空应强调要确定一些行为，也就是选择要感激的行为。B选项“Choose behaviors to appreciate. (选择要感激的行为。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选B。
17．由上文“Be sure to include behaviors outside of academic or good behavior — not just effort or helping others. For example, patience is a non-academic behavior that nonetheless supports academic success and relationships. (一定要包括学术或良好行为之外的行为——不仅仅是努力或帮助他人。例如，耐心是一种非学术行为，但它仍然有助于学术成功和人际关系。)”可知，上文举例说明一些非学业行为也很重要，本空应继续列举类似的行为。A 选项“So are courage and caring. (勇气和关心也是如此。)”承接上文，进一步举例说明其他非学术行为，符合题意。故选A。
18．由上文“Talk about valued behaviors with students. In this process, it helps to define what the set of expected behaviors looks and sounds like in student-accessible language with students themselves. (与学生谈论受重视的行为。在这个过程中，有助于使用学生易于理解的语言，与学生一同明确这套预期行为的具体表现和样子。)”和下文“For example, Sunset Beach Elementary School chose responsibility as their goal in January. (例如，日落海滩小学在一月份选择了“责任感”作为他们的目标。)”可知，上文描述与学生谈论受重视的行为。下文举例说明学校会选择一个行为作为主题，本空应强调为谈论受重视的行为学校的措施，F选项“Schools often start with a single behavior as the theme for a month. (学校通常以一种单一的行为作为一个月的主题开始。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选F。
19．由上文“The staff first spend a few minutes at a staff meeting defining what the term looks and sounds like before facilitating the same activity with students. (教职工首先会在教职工会议上花几分钟时间定义这个词看起来和听起来是什么样的，然后再与学生一起开展同样的活动。)”以及下文“Naming things people would say or do that the group believes qualify as responsibility and not something else is hard. (说出或做出群体认为符合责任而不是其他事情的行为是很难的。)”可知，本空应强调定义责任这个行为并不容易。D选项“This can be surprisingly difficult to do. (这做起来可能会出乎意料地困难。)”能承上启下，符合语境，这里的This指代上文定义责任的行为，且引出了下文关于定义困难的描述。故选D。
20．由上文“Co-defining terms with students using examples and language they can understand and find culturally relevant and inclusive increases student buy-in, access, and opportunity to feel valued by the community. (使用学生能够理解且在文化上相关并具有包容性的例子和语言与学生共同定义术语，会增加学生的认同感、参与度以及感受到被社区重视的机会。)”及下文 “Therefore, you have a working set of criteria for everyone to calibrate (校准) around as they practice thanking others for the specific behavior when they see and hear it. (因此，当每个人看到和听到特定行为时，在他们练习感谢他人的这种行为时，你就有了一套可行的标准供大家校准。)”可知，这里应强调把共同定义的内容展示出来以便大家校准，G 选项“Stick the group definition of responsibility on the wall for the month. (把团队对“责任感”的定义贴在墙上一个月。)”符合语境，起到了承上启下的作用。故选G。
【答案】
21．C 22．B 23．D 24．B 25．A 26．D 27．B 28．A 29．C 30．D 31．A 32．C 33．D 34．C 35．B
【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过自己做广播节目时听众的评价以及对生活中常见事物的观察，感悟到不要把任何事物或人视为理所当然，要珍惜生活中的每一个瞬间。
【解析】21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这并不是要冒犯我。A. compliment赞美；B. joke玩笑；C. offense冒犯；D. surprise惊喜。根据上文“one of my listeners called me a “scavenger (拾荒者)””和下文“In fact, I took it as a great”可知下文提到作者实际上认为这是好的，可推理出作者并不认为被称作“拾荒者”是一种冒犯，故选C项。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，我把它当作对我所做事情的极大赞美。A. criticism批评；B. praise赞美；C. challenge挑战；D. responsibility责任。根据下文“In fact, I took it as a great”可知上文提到作者并不认为被称作“拾荒者”是一种冒犯，反而认为是好的，分析选项，B项“praise赞美”表示的含义符合语境，作者把它当作对所做事情的极大赞美，故选B项。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：你在生活中搜寻那些非常重要但却被大多数人忽视的东西。A. appreciated欣赏；感激；B. noticed注意到；C. valued重视；D. overlooked忽视。根据下文“they become the background of our lives”可知下文说的是这些东西成为了我们生活的背景，可推理出此处说的是重要但被忽视的东西，故选D项。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我通过说有时候最重要的东西是如此明显以至于它们成为了我们生活的背景来澄清这一点。A. confirmed确认；B. clarified澄清；C. doubted怀疑；D. rejected拒绝。根据下文“saying that sometimes the most important things are so”可知下文说的是作者要谈最重要的东西的情况，可推理出作者是在对听众的话进行进一步的解释说明，即澄清，故选B项。
25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我通过说有时候最重要的东西是如此明显以至于它们成为了我们生活的背景来澄清这一点。A. obvious明显的；B. complicated复杂的；C. impressive印象深刻的；D. mysterious神秘的。根据上文“the most important things”以及下文“they become the background of our lives”可知上文说的是最重要的东西，下文说的是成为了我们生活的背景，可推理出此处说的是有时候最重要的东西是如此明显以至于它们成为了我们生活的背景，故选A项。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：就像看电影一样，我经常倾听主要角色但却看后面的人——也就是所谓的 “群众演员”。A. plots情节；B. scenes场景；C. themes主题；D. characters角色。根据上文“Like watching a movie” 可知上文说的是就像看电影一样，可推理出空白处应填表示“角色”含义的表达，与后文“群众演员”形成对比，故选D项。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就是问题开始的地方。A. slips滑倒；B. begins开始；C. continues继续；D. ends结束。根据上文“watch the people in the back”以及下文“We take people, places, moments for granted and see them as “extras””可知上文说的是看背后的人，下文说的是我们把人、地方、时刻视为理所当然，并把它们看作“群众演员”，可得出问题“始于”人们将一些人和事物视为背景，故选B项。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这两个主要角色搜寻那些本身很重要但却埋在废墟堆里的东西。A. buried埋葬；B. exposed暴露；C. displayed展示；D. preserved保存。根据上文“by themselves are significant”以及下文“in piles of debris”可知上文说的是本身很重要的东西，下文说的是在废墟堆里，可推理出此处说的是所以是本身很重要但却埋在废墟堆里的东西，故选A项。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我去年理解了这个真理，当时我发现了夏天每天都会发生的事情。A. knowledge知识；B. word单词；话语；C. truth真理；D. problem问题。根据上文“Never take anything or anyone for granted.”可知上文说的是永远不要把任何事物或人视为理所当然，这是作者感悟到的一个真理，所以这里是理解了这个真理，故选C项。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我去年理解了这个真理，当时我发现了夏天每天都会发生的事情。A. denied否认；B. forgot忘记；C. imagined想象；D. discovered发现。根据下文“something that happened everyday during the summer”可知下文提到了夏天每天都会发生的事情，可推理出作者是发现了这样一个每天都会发生的景象，故选D项。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：黄昏时分，太阳在我们家后面落下，有那么几分钟，阳光穿透了树木。A. set落下；B. passed经过；C. glowed发光；D. stopped停止。根据上文“At dusk, the sun”可知上文提到了黄昏，黄昏时太阳是落下的，故选A项。
32．考查动词短语辨析。句意：黄昏时分，太阳在我们家后面落下，有那么几分钟，阳光穿透了树木。A. took in吸收；欺骗；B. cut off切断；C. broke through突破；穿透；D. fed on以……为食。根据下文“the trees”可知下文提到了树木，可推理出这里是说阳光穿透了树木，故选C项。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个提醒，提醒我我活过，提醒我我又度过了一天，它比黄金更有价值。A. mark标志；B. memory记忆；C. symbol象征；D. reminder提醒的事物。根据下文“that I had lived, that I had made it through another day”可知下文说的是我活过，我又度过了一天，这个景象是对作者的一个提醒，故选D项。
34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一个提醒，提醒我我活过，提醒我我又度过了一天，它比黄金更有价值。A. popular受欢迎的；B. heavy重的；C. valuable有价值的；D. natural自然的。根据下文“than gold”可知下文说的是与黄金相比较，可推理出这里是说它比黄金更有价值，故选C项。
35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每一次日落都是不同的。每一次日出都证明生活又给了你一次机会。A. critical关键的；B. different不同的；C. similar相似的；D. ordinary普通的。根据下文“Every sun rise is a proof that life has given you another chance.”可知下文说的是每一次日出都证明生活又给了你一次机会，可推理出作者认为每一次日落都是独特的，不同的，故选B项。
【答案】
36．defence/defense 37．relaxing 38．contributes 39．a 40．looked 41．which 42．helping 43．potentially 44．in 45．better
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍研究发现旅游能减缓老龄化的过程并解释了原因。
【解析】36．考查名词。句意：一项新的研究表明，旅行可能是防止衰老的最好方法。could be后接名词短语作表语，空前有“the best”修饰，应用名词形式，故填defence或defense，意为“防御；保护”，为不可数名词。故填defence/defense。
37．考查形容词。句意：研究人员表示，旅游通常会让人们接触到新的环境和放松的活动，让我们随着年龄的增长而变得更年轻。此处修饰名词activities，应用形容词，relax的形容词有relaxing (令人放松的)和relaxed (感到放松的)，这里表示“令人放松的活动”，所以用修饰事物的-ing形容词relaxing，作定语修饰名词activities。故填relaxing。
38．考查动词时态。句意：旅游不仅是休闲娱乐，还有助于人们的身心健康。根据 “Tourism is not only about leisure and recreation, but also...”可知，此处是not only...but also... 连接的并列结构，前面是is，后面也应用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式，谓语动词contribute的第三人称单数是contributes。故填contributes。
39．考查冠词。句意：衰老作为一个过程，是不可逆转的。“process”是可数名词，此处表示“作为一个过程”，应用不定冠词，process以辅音音素开头，所以用 a。故填a。
40．考查动词时态。句意：研究人员研究了旅行如何影响我们的年龄。根据文章整体时态可知，此处描述过去的研究动作，应用一般过去时，谓语动词look的过去式是looked。故填looked。
41．考查定语从句。句意：旅行还可以促进我们的新陈代谢，从而增强我们的免疫系统。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是主句内容讲的事，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。
42．考查非谓语动词。句意：旅行还可以帮助修复身体组织，帮助减缓衰老的迹象。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词，该空后内容是前句造成的意料之中的结果，help用现在分词形式作结果状语，所以用现在分词helping。故填helping。
43．考查副词。句意：她说，这些活动可能会减少肌肉和关节的紧张和疲劳，参与这些活动可以增强身体的免疫功能和自我保护能力。此处修饰动词reduce，应用副词形式作状语，potential的副词是potentially。故填potentially。
44．考查固定短语。句意：她说，这些活动可能会减少肌肉和关节的紧张和疲劳，参与这些活动可以增强身体的免疫功能和自我保护能力。“participate in”是固定短语，意为“参加”。故填in。
45．考查形容词比较级。句意：研究人员还表示，旅行可能比抗衰老面霜更好。根据“than anti-ageing creams”可知，此处应用形容词比较级，good的比较级是better。故填better。
46．【答案】Dear Tom,
How are you doing recently Knowing that you’re fond of pandas, I’m writing to tell you I choose a creative cultural product with panda elements to present you.
The gift is a calendar with many panda pictures, each of which is very vivid, showing the cute and interesting aspects of pandas. When you look at the calendar, you’ll be attracted by the lovely pandas. Besides, the product is rich in the knowledge about pandas, which can help you have a deep understanding of pandas. Hope you will love the gift!
Look forward to your coming to China to see pandas by yourself.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华身份给英国朋友Tom写邮件，介绍赠送含有熊猫元素文创产品的意图，解释原因，并邀请其来中国旅游。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
选择：choose → select
礼物：gift → present
此外：besides → in addition
吸引：attract → fascinate
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Look forward to your coming to China to see pandas by yourself.
拓展句：I sincerely anticipate that you will come to China to see pandas with your own eyes.
【点睛】【高分句型1】When you look at the calendar, you’ll be attracted by the lovely pandas. (运用了when引导的时间状语从句)
【高分句型2】Besides, the product is rich in the knowledge about pandas, which can help you have a deep understanding of pandas. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
47．【答案】One possible version:
Every time I skate, I remember my father’s support that helped me reach this stage. I still remember the first skating race that I signed up for and took part in. Standing in the starting line, I felt nervous at first, but my father’s encouragement occurred to me. I took a deep breath to make myself relax. I skated smoothly in the first lap and gradually got more confident. I was skating faster and faster when a competitor appeared before me and I couldn’t avoid properly and fell. My father rushed over to check my situation.
Looking at my father’s concerned look, I struggled to my feet. I slowly walked and then began to skate, with my father accompanying me side by side. My legs ached, but I still completed my race. Although I didn’t win a prize, I got cheers from the audience and tight hugs from my family. I still love to skate because it teaches me balance. Just like a terrain that isn’t always smooth, life also has its ups and downs. We face difficulties and problems, but if we hold our parents and family’s hands tightly and stay proud of ourselves, we can smoothly get through anything.
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开。作者六岁时父亲为其报名滑冰课，虽遇冰鞋不合脚等困难，但在父亲和教练鼓励下坚持练习。父亲买新鞋后，作者进步显著，家人朋友为其高兴自豪 。
【详解】1.段落续写
①由第一段句首内容“每次我滑冰，我都会想起父亲的支持，正是他帮助我达到了这个阶段。”可知，第一段可以描写作者回忆学滑冰的进步的过程和突发的摔倒事件。
②由第二段句首内容“看着父亲忧心忡忡的神情，我挣扎着站了起来。”可知，第二段可以描写父亲帮助作者的过程和作者的感悟。
2.续写线索：想起父亲的支持——更有信心——摔倒——挣扎着站起——父亲陪伴——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①参加：take part in/participate in
②出现：appear/show up
③冲，迅速移动：rush/dash
情绪类
①紧张的：nervous/stressful
②自豪：stay proud of/take pride in
【点睛】【高分句型1】I still remember the first skating race that I signed up for and took part in. (运用了that引导的定语从句)
【高分句型2】We face difficulties and problems, but if we hold our parents and family’s hands tightly and stay proud of ourselves, we can smoothly get through anything. (运用了if引导的条件状语从句)
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