2025年中考英语二轮复习考点精练与综测 动词时态讲义（含解析）

（11）动词时态（知识精炼）——中考英语一轮复习考点精炼与综测
考点讲解
英语动词时态是中考的重点和难点，它通过动词形式的变化来表示动作发生的时间和所处的状态。初中阶段主要涉及一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时和过去完成时等。
考点一、一般现在时
一般现在时表示经常性的动作或存在的状态，多与时间状语always, often, sometimes, every day, in the morning等连用。
（一）句式结构
1. 肯定句式：
(1) 主语(第一、二人称和第三人称复数)+动词原形
I read English every morning. 我每天早上都会读英语。
(2) 主语(第三人称单数)+动词第三人称单数形式
She has lunch at school on weekdays. 她平日在学校吃午餐。
2. 否定句式：
(1) 主语(第一、二人称和第三人称复数)+助动词don't+动词原形
I don't read English every morning. 我并不是每天早上都读英语。
(2) 主语(第三人称单数)+doesn't+动词原形
She doesn't have lunch at school on weekdays. 她平日在学校不吃午餐。
3. 疑问句式：
一般疑问句：
(1) 助动词Do+主语(第一、二人称和第三人称复数)+动词原形
Do you read English every morning 你每天早上都读英语吗？
(2) 助动词Does+主语(第三人称单数)+动词原形
Does she have lunch at school on weekdays 她平日在学校吃午餐吗？
特殊疑问句：
(1) 特殊疑问词+助动词do/be动词+主语(第一、二人称和第三人称复数)+其它？
Which do you want to buy
你想要买哪一个？
(2) 特殊疑问词+助动词does/be动词+主语(第三人称单数)+其它？
What makes you so worry
什么使得你如此担心？
（二）一般现在时的用法
1. 经常性或习惯性的动作：常与 always（总是）、usually（通常）、often（经常）、sometimes（有时）、never（从不）等频度副词以及 every day（每天）、on Sundays（在周日）等时间状语连用。
例如：I usually go to school at 7:30 every morning.（我通常每天早上 7:30 去上学。）
2. 客观事实或普遍真理：
例如：The earth moves around the sun.（地球绕着太阳转。）
3. 在时间和条件状语从句中表示将来的动作：常见的引导词有 if（如果）、when（当…… 时候）、as soon as（一…… 就……）等。
例如：If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.（如果明天下雨，我们就待在家里。）
考点二、一般过去时
一般过去时表示过去某个时间进行的动作或存在的状态，多与时间状语yesterday, last..., 一段时间+ago, ...ago, just now, the other day, once upon a time, when she was young等连用。
（一）句式结构
1. 结构
(1) 肯定句式：主语+动词过去式
She did some washing this morning.
她今天早上洗了些衣服。
(2) 否定句式：主语+助动词didn't+动词原形
She didn't do any washing this morning.
她今天早上没有洗衣服。
(3) 疑问句式：助动词Did+主语+动词原形
Did she do any washing this morning
她今天早上洗衣服了吗？
2. be动词
be动词的过去式是was/were，否定句直接在was/ were后加not，一般疑问句把was/were提到句首。
（二）一般过去时的用法
1. 表示过去某一时刻或某段时间发生的动作或存在的状态，多与表示过去的时间点或时间段连用。
I studied in this school ten years ago.
十年前我在这所学校学习。
I got up at six this morning.
我今天早晨六点起床的。
2. 表示过去连续发生的动作，往往没有时间状语，而是通过上下文来表明过去的含义。
She opened the window, looked out and found some birds in the sky.
她打开窗户向外看了看，发现空中有一些鸟。
考点三、一般将来时
一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态。往往与表示将来含义的时间状语 tomorrow, next year, in 2020, in+一段时间等连用。一般将来时有be going to结构和will结构两种形式。
（一）句式结构
1. be going to结构
对于按打算、决定、计划将要做的事，表示已经决定的，很可能发生的事，或某种迹象表明要发生的事，一般用be going to句式来表示。
句式结构：
(1) 肯定句式：主语+助动词be(am, is, are)+going to+动词原形
She is going to travel around the world.
她计划周游世界。
(2) 否定句式：主语+助动词 be(am, is, are)+not+going to+动词原形
She isn't going to travel around the world.
她不打算环游世界。
(3) 疑问句式：助动词Be(Am, Is, Are)+主语+going to+动词原形
Is she going to travel around the world
她会去环游世界吗？
2. will(shall)结构
这种结构表示未经考虑的意图，当主语是第一人称时，可用shall，而will可以用在任何人称之后。
(1) will(shall)结构的肯定句式
主语+will(shall)+动词原形
She will call you this evening.
她今天晚上会给你打电话。
(2) will(shall)结构的否定句式
主语+will(shall)+not+动词原形
She won't have time to play with you tomorrow.
她明天没有时间和你玩。
(3) will(shall)结构的疑问句式
Will(Shall)+主语+动词原形
Will she come back in a week
一周后她会回来吗？
Shall we go swimming this afternoon
今天下午我们去游泳怎么样？
（二）一般将来的用法
1. will/shall + 动词原形
(1) 表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态：常与 tomorrow（明天）、next week（下周）、in the future（在未来）等时间状语连用。
例如：I will help you with your English.（我将帮助你学习英语。）
(2) 表示将来的意愿、决心、承诺等。
例如：I will never give up.（我永远不会放弃。）
2. be going to + 动词原形
(1) 表示打算、计划做某事。
例如：She is going to buy a new dress.（她打算买一条新裙子。）
(2) 根据某种迹象预示即将发生的事情。
例如：Look at the black clouds. It's going to rain.（看那些乌云，要下雨了。）
考点四、现在进行时
现在进行时表示即刻或现在正在发生或进行着的某一动作，多与时间状语now, at the moment, at present等连用。
（一）句式结构
1. 肯定句式：主语+助动词be(am, is, are)+现在分词
The students are listening to their teacher now.
学生们正在听老师讲课。
2. 否定句式：主语+助动词 be(am, is, are)+not+现在分词
The students aren't listening to their teacher now.
学生们现在都不听老师的话了。
3. 疑问句式：助动词Be(Am, Is, Are)+主语+现在分词
Are the students listening to their teacher now
学生们现在听老师的话了吗？
（二）现在进行时的用法
1. 表示说话时动作正在进行，往往与now连用，有时用在祈使句之后。
What are you doing now
你现在在做什么？
Don't make any noise. Mother is sleeping.
不要吵。妈妈在睡觉呢。
2. 表示现阶段动作正在进行，但不一定是说话时正在进行，往往和at present, this week, these days等时间状语连用。
What lessons are you learning this week
你们这个星期学哪些课了？
3. 当句中含有Look!或Listen! Can you see..., Can't you see...等暗示词时，后边句子也用现在进行时。
Listen! Who is crying in the next room
听!谁在隔壁房间哭呢？
考点五、过去进行时
过去进行时是英语中的一种动词时态，主要用于表示在过去某个特定时刻或时间段内正在进行的动作或存在的状态，强调动作在过去某一时刻或阶段的持续性和未完成性。
（一）句式结构
1. 肯定句：主语 + was/were + 动词的现在分词（was 用于第一、三人称单数，were 用于其他人称）。
I was having breakfast at 7:00 this morning.
今天早上 7 点我正在吃早饭。
He was playing football at 4:30 yesterday afternoon.
昨天下午 4 点半他正在踢足球。
We were building a sandcastle on the beach all afternoon.
整个下午我们都在沙滩上堆沙堡。
She was studying for the exam all weekend.
整个周末她都在为考试而学习。
2. 否定句：主语 + was/were + not + 动词的现在分词。
I wasn't sleeping at 10 o'clock last night. I was reading a book.
昨晚 10 点我没在睡觉，我在看书。
She wasn't listening to the teacher carefully in class this morning.
今天上午她在课堂上没认真听老师讲课。
They weren't swimming in the pool at 3:00 yesterday. They were playing basketball.
昨天 3 点他们没在游泳池里游泳，他们在打篮球。
We weren't chatting on the phone the whole evening. We were doing our homework.
整个晚上我们没在通电话，我们在做作业。
He wasn't working on the project all day. He took a break.
他一整天都没在做那个项目，他休息了一会儿。
3. 一般疑问句：Was/Were + 主语 + 动词的现在分词 + 其他？
— Were you watching TV at 9 o'clock last night
昨晚 9 点你在看电视吗？
— Yes, I was.是的，我在看。
— No, I wasn't. I was reading. 不，我没看。我在读书。
— Was he running in the park at 6:30 this morning
今天早上 6 点半他在公园里跑步吗？
— Yes, he was.是的，他在跑。
— No, he wasn't. He was walking.不，他没在跑。他在走路。
4. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + was/were + 主语 + 现在分词 + 其他？
What were you doing at 5 o'clock yesterday afternoon
昨天下午 5 点你在做什么？
I was cleaning my room.
我在打扫我的房间。
Where was she going when you saw her
你见到她的时候她正去哪里？
She was going to the library.
她正去图书馆。
（二）过去进行时的用法
1. 表示过去某个时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作：常与 at this time yesterday（昨天这个时候）、at 8 o'clock last night（昨晚 8 点）等时间状语连用，或用于 when、while 引导的时间状语从句中。
例如：I was doing my homework at 9 o'clock last night.（昨晚 9 点我正在做作业。）
2. 表示过去两个同时进行的动作：通常用 while 连接两个过去进行时的句子。
例如：While she was reading, I was writing.（她读书的时候，我在写字。）
【易混辨析】
过去进行时：强调动作在过去某个时刻或时间段的正在进行的状态，重点在动作的进行过程。
一般过去时：通常表示过去某个时间发生的一次性动作或存在的状态，更注重动作的完成或事件本身。
例如：I read a book yesterday.（我昨天读了一本书，强调 “读了” 这个动作完成了）；
I was reading a book at 8 o'clock yesterday.（昨天 8 点我正在读一本书，强调 8 点时 “读” 这个动作正在进行）
考点六、现在完成时
现在完成时跨在两个时间之上，一是过去，一是现在。它的动作发生在过去，但对现在有影响。与现在完成时连用的时间状语往往有already, yet, ever, never, for, since..., these days, so far, just, recently, in the past(last) few years等。
（一）句式结构
1. 肯定句式：主语+助动词have(has)+过去分词
I have already finished my homework.
我已经完成作业了。
2. 否定句式：主语+助动词have(has)+not+过去分词
I haven't finished my homework yet.
我还没做完作业呢。
3. 疑问句式：助动词Have(Has)+主语+过去分词
Have you finished your homework yet
作业写完了吗？
（二）现在完成时的用法
1. 表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的结果或影响。
Zhang Fang has just turned off the light.（说明灯现在关上了）
张芳刚刚把灯关上。
I have already cleaned the room.（说明现在房间已经干净了）
我已经打扫了房间。
2. 表示过去发生的动作延续到现在，而且还将继续下去的动作或状态，往往与表示一段时间的状语连用。
My mother has worked in this factory for many years.（工作到现在）
我父亲在这家工厂工作很多年了。
3. 表示从过去到现在所经历的事情。
I've been to the Great Wall many times.
我去过长城好多次。
考点七、过去完成时
过去完成时是英语中一种用于表示 “过去的过去” 的时态，它主要用于强调一个动作或状态在过去的另一个动作或时间之前就已经发生或完成。
（一）句式结构
1. 肯定句：主语 + had + 动词的过去分词。
By the end of last month, I had read three English novels.
到上个月月底为止，我已经读了三本英语小说。
When I arrived at the cinema, the movie had started.
当我到达电影院时，电影已经开始了。
She had worked in that factory for five years before she moved here.
在搬到这里之前，她已经在那家工厂工作了五年。
2. 否定句：主语 + had + not + 动词的过去分词。
He hadn't finished his homework when his mother called him.
他妈妈打电话给他时，他还没完成作业。
They hadn't found the lost dog by the end of yesterday.
到昨天结束时，他们还没找到丢失的狗。
We hadn't lived in this city for a long time before we moved to another one.
在搬到另一个城市之前，我们在这个城市住的时间并不长。
3. 一般疑问句：Had + 主语 + 动词的过去分词 + 其他？
— Had you ever been to Paris before you went there last year
你去年去巴黎之前，曾经去过那里吗？
— Yes, I had.是的，我去过。
— No, I hadn't.不，我没去过。
— Had she left the office when you arrived
你到达时，她已经离开办公室了吗？
— Yes, she had.是的，她已经离开了。
— No, she hadn't.不，她还没离开。
4. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + had + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他？
What had you done before you came to school this morning
你今天早上来学校之前做了什么？
How many times had he visited the Great Wall before last summer
到去年夏天之前，他去过几次长城？
He had visited it twice.他去过两次。
（二）过去完成时的用法
表示在过去某个时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，即 “过去的过去”：常与 by the end of last year（到去年年底为止）、before（在…… 之前）、when（当…… 时候）等引导的时间状语或时间状语从句连用。
例如：By the time I got to the party, he had left.（我到达派对的时候，他已经离开了。）
解题方法
题型：语法填空
方法1：时间标志词判断法
时间状语是判断时态的重要标志。像 yesterday、last week、in 2020 等常与一般过去时连用；tomorrow、next year、in the future 等常与一般将来时连用；now、at present、these days 等常与现在进行时连用；since、for + 时间段常与现在完成时连用。
例题：He ____ (go) to Beijing last month.
解析：由时间状语 last month 可知，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，故填 went。
方法2：上下文语境判断法
根据上下文所描述的情境和动作发生的先后顺序来确定时态。如果是讲述过去发生的一系列事情，一般用过去的某种时态；如果是描述当前的情况或经常发生的动作，可能用一般现在时等。
例题：I ____ (read) a book when my mother came back.
解析：根据语境，“妈妈回来时我正在读书”，强调在过去某个时间点正在进行的动作，用过去进行时，故填 was reading。
方法3：主从复合句关系判断法
在主从复合句中，时态要相互呼应。如在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，遵循 “主将从现” 原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来；在宾语从句中，若主句是一般过去时，从句通常要用相应的过去时态。
例题：If it ____ (not rain) tomorrow, we will go to the park.
解析：这是一个条件状语从句，遵循 “主将从现” 原则，从句用一般现在时表将来，故填 doesn't rain。
方法4：特殊句式判断法
有些特殊句式有特定的时态要求。如 It is the first/second...time that... 句型中，that 从句常用现在完成时；It was + 时间段 + since 从句，since 从句常用过去完成时。。
例题：It is the second time that I ____ (visit) the Great Wall.
解析：在 It is the second time that... 句型中，that 从句要用现在完成时，故填 have visited。
方法5：强调动作的状态或阶段判断法
强调动作的状态或阶段判断法：若强调动作正在进行，用进行时态；强调动作已经完成，用完成时态；强调动作的经常性、习惯性，用一般现在时或一般过去时。
例题：She ____ (work) in this company for ten years.
解析：强调从过去持续到现在的动作，用现在完成时，故填 has worked。
（11）动词时态（综合测试）——中考英语一轮复习考点精炼与综测
分值：100分
一、单选题（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
1. —Can we get to the town before 7 a. m. tomorrow
—I am afraid not—the bus ____________ doesn't start so early.
A. ticket B. station C. driver D. service
2. —_____ Smiths are used to living in Shanghai now.
—We hope more and more foreign friends live _____ better life in China.
A. /; a B. The; an C. The; a D. /; the
3. I have a few books on Chinese food. You can borrow ________ if you want.
A. one B. it C. much D. a little
4. — Do you know Liu Fei in the Birdwatching Society
— Sure. He is one of the _________ voices for saving birds.
A. luckiest B. sweetest C. wildest D. loudest
5. Everyone should behave ________ like a gentleman.
A. happily B. easily C. politely D. clearly
6. —Who looked after your sick grandmother in hospital
—My father did that ________. He didn't want other people's help.
A. in surprise B. in person C. in total D. in time
7. —Not all people coming here are real bird-lovers.
—Yeah. Some try to make the place a better area _________ others just bring trouble.
A. so B. because C. while D. moreover
8. In English class,Ms Li asked the students to _______ a story about a trip to the moon.
A. put up B. take up C. pick up D. make up
9. Thousands of people ________ their lives in the Palestine-Israel conflict (巴以冲突) since October 7th 2023.
A. lost B. have lost C. will lose D. lose
10. —What's that noise, Tom
—Oh, our next-door neighbor ________ a party.
A. was having B. is having C. will have D. had
11. He will call you at once as soon as he ______ in Tianjin.
A. arrives B. will arrive C. gets D. will get
12. —________ great surprise to see you here, Daniel!
—Yeah. We haven't seen each other for quite a long time.
A. What a B. What C. How a D. How
13. —Boys and girls! Please be careful!
—_____
A. Here comes a bus B. There comes a bus
C. Here a bus comes D. There a bus comes
14. When I have difficulty in learning English, my teacher Miss Chen always gives me some advice ________ can be useful.
A. that B. what C. who D. whose
15. —How do you like your new hairstyle
—________ Just the way I wanted.
A. Good idea! B. I'm afraid not. C. I'm frightened. D. It's perfect!
二、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）
Microplastics（微塑料）are very small. But they bring big problems. A new study said that by 2040, microplastic pollution could be twice as bad as it is now. Scientists learned this 16 looking at 20 years of studies on microplastics.
Microplastics come from many places. For example, about 60 percent of material made into clothing is plastic. Every time they are washed, they shed（掉落）microplastics. When water bottles and other big plastic items are left outside, they break down slowly into microplastics. They do great harm to the environment 17 the health of animals and humans.
18 , it is really hard to clean up microplastics. They are small bits of plastic less than 5mm long. Because of their 19 , they are difficult to clean up. Besides, they are nearly everywhere. They've been 20 in our oceans, on the top of mountains, in some of the food we eat and even in the stomachs of some ocean animals. They don't break down 21 and can stay in the environment for hundreds of years.
This can be bad for our health. In August, The Conversation reported that scientists found microplastics in people's brains for the first time. They may hurt brain cells and 22 how the brain works.
Wild animals are also 23 from microplastic pollution. Each year, up to three million tons of microplastics end up in the ocean. Since they are too small to be seen, fish may eat them by mistake and become very 24 .
To deal with the problem, scientists think the best 25 right now is to make and use less plastic.
16. A. by B. in C. with D. on
17. A. as soon as B. as well as C. as far as D. as long as
18. A. However B. So C. Still D. Instead
19. A. name B. price C. size D. cover
20. A. touched B. avoided C. invented D. found
21. A. suddenly B. certainly C. nearly D. easily
22. A. train B. order C. change D. guide
23. A. at risk B. under control C. in order D. by accident
24. A. strong B. sick C. ugly D. heavy
25. A. mind B. fair C. solution D. work
三、阅读理解（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）
A
Yesterday in English class，we had a discussion about AI，especially on how humans and AI get along. Many students spoke up and shared their thoughts on the topic. It was a lively and interesting discussion. Here are three of the students' opinions.
I want to add a pair of"super﹣long﹣distance"glasses（千里眼）in my eyes so that I can see interesting or dangerous things sooner. I could look out of the window and see people I miss far away. I could also warn people about earthquakes or other disasters. In this way，I can help warn people of the coming danger.
A huge difference between AI and humans is that robots don't create new things，and they don't get bored with things. Take the floor﹣cleaning robots as an example：They can sweep the floor for many hours without getting bored，but we humans would get bored quite quickly. We instinctively（本能地）want to create new things，and that's where we have an advantage over AI.
I don't want my memories to be changed or improved,because every memory is beautiful and worth recalling. But if it must be changed or improved with the help of AI,I would bring back all the memories I had as a baby that I've forgotten. My parents are always happy whenever they talk about my childhood. I think those would be good memories,and I wish I could have them back.
26. What was the discussion about？
A. How humans get on with AI.
B. How kids get on with their parents.
C. How humans get on with animals.
D. How AI records students' opinions.
27. Why does Eileen want to have a pair of "super﹣long﹣distance" glasses？
A. Because her eyes were badly hurt.
B. Because the glasses can warn people of the coming danger.
C. Because she would like to see people playing sports far away.
D. Because she wants to see interesting or dangerous things sooner.
28. What advantage do humans have over AI according to Andy？
A. Creating new things.
B. Making a quick decision.
C. Drawing beautiful pictures.
D. Understanding different situations.
29. What may Eva want to do with AI？
A. Change her memories.
B. Keep all her family's memories.
C. Improve her memories.
D. Have her forgotten memories back.
30. In which unit of a textbook can we find the text？
A. Unit 1 Nature. B. Unit 2 Culture. C. Unit 3 Science. D. Unit 4 Art.
B
During the summer vacation，Lin Ling，a 14﹣year﹣old girl，made a good friend. He is not a person，but a giant panda!His name is Jingke. Lin spent three weeks with him，learning how he ate，slept and played.
Lin worked as a volunteer at the Wolong China Giant Panda Garden in Sichuan that summer. Every year,volunteers go to the garden to take care of the pandas. People aged 14 and above can join in the volunteer program. Each volunteer should work for at least 60 hours.
Lin cleaned the panda's home every morning while she was volunteering. "We have to collect the pandas' feces（粪便），as it can tell us what the pandas have been eating and whether they are healthy or not，"she said. "The panda keepers analyze（分析）the feces every day. "
The experience also helped the volunteers understand pandas better. When Lin fed Jingke，she touched its fur. "It was not soft，but hard. It seemed that I was touching needles （针）!" Lin said.
Fu Rong，a 22﹣year﹣old friendly volunteer，is very interested in pandas. So she found lots of information on pandas and studied them carefully. She worked very hard and found pandas not only cute，but also dangerous. "Their teeth and claws（爪子）are so sharp. Pandas like to be alone. They may fight to protect their home，" said Liang.
31. What do we know about Lin Ling and the panda？
A. She saw the panda grow up.
B. She named the panda Jingke.
C. She studied the panda for three weeks.
D. She lived together with the panda.
32. How long may John,a volunteer of the program,work？
A. For 50 hours. B. For 55 hours. C. For 58 hours. D. For 65 hours.
33. Why did the volunteers collect pandas' feces every day？
A. To see how they eat.
B. To keep their home clean.
C. To find out if they are dangerous.
D. To learn about pandas' physical health.
34. Which of the following can best describe Fu Rong？
A. Kind and hard﹣working. B. Polite and strict.
C. Shy and friendly. D. Brave and friendly.
35. What is the best title for the text？
A. A special garden B. Experiences with pandas
C. Young volunteers D. A smart girl
四、七选五（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
A: Hi，Matt. What are you doing now？
B: Hi，Carl，I'm visiting a museum online.
A: Visiting the museum online？36. _______
B: It's fantastic，I can take a 360﹣degree look at the museum.
A: That sounds cool. I've never heard of it before. 37. _______
B: Of course. You can also visit online libraries and watch concerts online for free!
A: Wow，great! 38. _______
B: You can visit different websites on the Internet.
A: Thanks. 39. _______
B: For three hours.
A: What a long time!40. _______
B: You're right. Let's go for a walk.
A. How can I find them？ B. What do you think of it？ C. How much did you pay for the visit？ D. I want to visit the National Museum of China. E. Can you share other online information with me？ F. You should stop to have a rest，or your eyes may get hurt. G. By the way，how long have you spent visiting the museum？
五、语法填空（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
41. We have fun______ (play) football at the park.
42. —How is my mother —Her cold is______ (go).
43. Do you want______ (play) football with us at the park
44. Look! He is______ (ride) his bike.
45. Is there______ (something) interesting in today's newspaper
六、连词成句（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
46. is, father, how old, your(连词成句)
________________________________________
43. need, a, I, school, for, sweater
________________________________________.
44. your, when, birthday, father's, is
________________________________________
45. library, in, they, the, have a book sale, school
________________________________________.
46. think, your, grandparents', in, room, it's, I (连词成句)
________________________________________.
七、书面表达（共1小题；满分25分）
假如你是李华，你的澳大利亚笔友 Tom得知你喜欢体育运动，发来邮件询问详情。请你根据以下要点，用英语回复他。
1. 你喜欢的运动及原因；
2. 运动的时间、地点等；
3. 运动给你带来的变化。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 文中不得出现真实人名、校名、地名等信息；
3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Tom,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
答案以及解析
一、单选题
1. 答案：D
解析：根据"doesn't start so early"可知，此处是"恐怕公共汽车服务没有这么早开始"。故选:D。
2. 答案：C解析：句意:——史密斯一家人现在习惯居住在上海。——我们希望越来越多的外国朋友在中国过更好的生活。考查冠词用法。定冠词the+姓氏复数表示"一家人",所以第一空用the;第二空后的better是辅音音素开头的单词,表泛指用不定冠词a,故选C。
3. 答案：A
解析：结合句意,我有一些关于中国菜的书,如果你想要的话你可以借____。结合语境,前面说了"我有一些关于中国菜的书",可以后文即表达"如果你想要的话你可以借一本。",指代同类事物用one. it为代词,表示"它"。much许多,a little很少。故选:A。
4. 答案：D
解析：luckiest最幸运的;sweetest最甜蜜的;wildest最荒凉的;loudest最响亮的。根据空格后的voices for saving birds可知正确答案是D。故选:D。
5. 答案：C
解析：句意：每个人都应该像绅士一样有礼貌。考查副词辨析。happily高兴地；easily容易地；politely有礼貌地；clearly清晰地。根据"like a gentleman"可知，要有礼貌。故选C。
6. 答案：B
解析：in surprise惊奇地;in person亲自;in total总计;in time及时。根据后句句意"他不想要其他人的帮助"可知，前句句意为"我爸爸亲自照顾"，要填"亲自"，其他选项语意不通。故选: B。
7. 答案：C
解析：so所以，连接因果关系的并列句;because因为，引导原因状语从句，while然而，连接转折关系的并列句;more over再者，而且，是副词，根据句意"有些人试图把这个地方变成一个更好的地方，然而另一些人则只会带来麻烦"可知，要填"然而"，其他选项语意不通，也不符合语法. 故选:C.
8. 答案：D
解析：考查动词短语。put up张贴;take up开始从事;pick up拾起;make up编造。根据"asked the students to... a story about a trip to the moon"可知，应是编造故事，故选D。
9. 答案：B
解析：观察选项可知，都是动词"失去"的不同时态：A一般过去时；B现在完成时；C一般将来时；D一般现在时；根据句中的时间标志词since October 7th 2023（自2023年10月7日以来）可知，动词要用现在完成时。故选：B。
10. 答案：B
解析：考查动词时态。根据"What's that noise, Tom "可知，询问现在正在发生的事情，用现在进行时。故选B。
11. 答案：A
解析：arrive动词:到达;get动词:得到，所以应使用arrive，由于主句用了一般将来时，主语he 是第三人称单数。故选:A。
12. 答案：A
解析：在感叹句中，what修饰名词，how修饰形容词/副词。语境中great是形容词，surprise是单数可数名词，句型结构为;What+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词(+主语+谓语动词)!great是形容词，是以辅音音素开头的，故其用a。故选: A。
13. 答案：A
解析：以here, there开头的句子常用倒装语序, 由语境可知是"汽车来了"。故选A。
14. 答案：A
解析：考查定语从句，先行词advice，建议，指物，从句缺主语，所以可用that或which。A. 正确;B. 不引导定语从句;C. 只能指人，做主语或宾语;D. 先行词只能是物，老师给的"建议"应当是有用的，所以正确答案选A。
15. 答案：D
解析：Good idea好主意;I'm afraid not我恐怕不行;I'm frightened我很害怕;It's perfect很完美。根据前句句意"你觉得你的新发型怎么样"和后句句意"这正是我想要的"可知，要回答"很完美"，其他选项语意不通。故选:D。
二、完形填空
16. 答案：A
解析：句意:科学家们通过研究20年来关于微塑料的研究了解到了这一点。by通过(某种方式或手段);in在……里面，with和……起;on在……上面。根据"looking at 20 years of studies on microplastics"可知，是通过研究20年的相关研究得知情况。故选A。
17. 答案：B
解析：句意:它们对环境和动植物的健康都造成了极大的危害。as soon as-. 就·; as well as也，和. 样;as far as就……而言;as long as只要。根据"They do great harm to the environment … the health of animals and humans. "可知，这里表示对环境和动物、人类健康两方面都有危害。故选B。
18. 答案：A
解析：句意:然而，清理微塑料真的很难。However然而;So所以;Still仍然;Instead相反。根据"… it is really hard to clean up microplastics. "可知，这里说的是清理很难，前后是转折关系，且空后有逗号，用However合适。故选A。
19. 答案：C
解析：句意:因为它们的尺寸，所以它们很难清理。name名字;price价格;size尺寸;cover封面。根据前文"They are small bits of plastic less than 5mm long. "可知，因为它们尺寸小，所以难清理。故选C。
20. 答案：D
解析：句意:它们已经在我们的海洋里、山顶上、我们吃的一些食物里，甚至在一些海洋动物的肚子里被发现。touched触摸;avoided避免;invented发明;found发现。根据"They've been … in our oceans, on the top of mountains…"可知，这里指微塑料在很多地方被发现。故选D。
21. 答案：D
解析：句意:它们不容易分解，在环境中可以存在数百年。suddenly突然;certainly当然;nearly几乎;easily容易地。根据"…can stay in the environment for hundreds of years"可知，它们不容易分解。故选D。
22. 答案：C
解析：句意:它们可能会伤害脑细胞并改变大脑的工作方式。train训练;order命令;change改变;guide引导。根据"They may hurt brain cells and … how the brain works. "可知，微塑料伤害脑细胞会改变大脑的工作方式。故选C。
23. 答案：A
解析：句意:野生动物也受到微塑料污染的威胁。at risk处于危险中;under control在控制之下;in order井然有序;by accident意外地。根据"Wild animals are also … from microplastic pollution. "可知，因为微塑料污染，野生动物也处于危险中。故选A。
24. 答案：B
解析：句意:由于它们太小而看不见，鱼可能会误食它们并变得非常生病。strong强壮的;sick生病的;ugly丑陋的;heavy重的。根据"Since they are too small to be seen, fish may eat them by mistake and become very …"可知，鱼误食微塑料会生病。故选B。
25. 答案：C
解析：句意:为了解决这个问题，科学家们认为目前最好的解决办法是少生产、少使用塑料。mind头脑;fair集市;solution解决办法;work工作。根据"to deal with the problem"可知，这里说的是解决问题的办法。故选C。
二、阅读理解
A
26. 答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段提到Yesterday in English class, we had a discussion about AI，especially on how humans and AI get along. （昨天在英语课上，我们讨论了人工智能，尤其是人类和人工智能如何相处。）可知，主要讨论了人类和人工智能如何相处，故选A。
27. 答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一表格中提到I want to add a pair of"super﹣long﹣distance"glasses（千里眼）in my eyes so that I can see interesting or dangerous things sooner. （我想在我的眼睛里增加一副"千里眼"眼镜，这样我就能更快地看到有趣或危险的东西）可知，因为好你说呢看有趣或危险的东西，故选D。
28. 答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二个表格中提到 A huge difference between AI and humans is that robots don't create new things，and they don't get bored with things. （人工智能和人类之间的一个巨大差异是，机器人不会创造新事物，也不会对事物感到厌倦。）可知，他认为人类比人工智能更会创造新事物，故选A。
29. 答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第三个表格中提到But if it must be changed or improved with the help of AI，I would bring back all the memories I had as a baby that I've forgotten. （但如果它必须在人工智能的帮助下得到改变或改善，我会找回我在婴儿时期拥有的所有已经忘记的记忆。）可知，她想找回小时候的记忆，故选D。
30. 答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段提到Yesterday in English class，we had a discussion about AI，especially on how humans and AI get along. （昨天在英语课上，我们讨论了人工智能，尤其是人类和人工智能如何相处。）和通读全文可知，文章主要介绍对人工智能的看法，要吧在第三单元科学发现这篇文章，故选C。
B
31. 答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段Lin spent three weeks with him，learning how he ate，slept and played. （林和他待了三个星期，了解他如何吃饭、睡觉和玩耍。）可知，林研究了熊猫三个星期，C选项最符合语境，故选C。
32. 答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段Each volunteer should work for at least 60 hours. （每个志愿者至少工作60个小时。）可知，每个志愿者至少工作60小时，结合选项，D选项"65小时"最符合语境，故选D。
33. 答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段We have to collect the pandas' feces（粪便），as it can tell us what the pandas have been eating and whether they are healthy or not，（我们必须收集熊猫的粪便，因为它可以告诉我们熊猫吃了什么，他们是否健康）可知，收集熊猫的粪便的目的是了解熊猫的健康状况，D选项最符合语境，故选D。
34. 答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段Fu Rong，a 22﹣year﹣old friendly volunteer，is very interested in pandas. So she found lots of information on pandas and studied them carefully. She worked very hard and found pandas not only cute，but also dangerous. （22岁的友好志愿者付蓉对熊猫非常感兴趣。所以她找到了很多关于熊猫的信息，并仔细研究了它们。她非常努力地工作，发现熊猫不仅可爱，而且很危险。）可知，付蓉工作努力，且对大熊猫充满爱心，因而应是善良的，A选项最符合语境，故选A。
35. 答案：B
解析：标题归纳题。根据全文内容可知，短文主要讲述了一个十四岁的女孩林玲在暑假期间成为了一名志愿者照顾大熊猫的经历，因而本文最佳标题应为B选项"与熊猫的经历"，故选B。
四、七选五
答案：BEAGF
解析：36. 根据上句Visiting the museum online (网上参观博物馆 )以及后文It's fantastic,(太棒了，)可知，A在问B对在网上参观博物馆的看法，选项B"你觉得怎么样 "符合题意。故选B。
37. 根据上文I've never heard of it before. (我以前从未听说过它。)以及后文Of course. You can also visit online libraries and watch concerts online for free!(当然可以。还可以免费访问网上图书馆，在线看演唱会!)可知，A之前没有听说过，B愿意分享网络咨询，可推测A在问B是否可以分享一些网络信息，选项E"你能和我分享其他在线信息吗 "符合题意。故选E。
38. 根据后文You can visit different websites on the Internet. (你可以在互联网上访问不同的网站。)可知，可以在网上访问不同的网站，可推测A在问寻找的方法，选项A"我怎样才能找到它们 "符合题意。故选A。
39. 根据后文For three hours. (三个小时。)可推测，A在问B看多长时间了，选项G"顺便问一下，你参观博物馆多久了 "符合题意。故选G。
40. 根据上文What a long time!(太长时间了!)以及后文You're right. Let's go for a walk. (你说得对。我们去散步吧。)可知，A认为B看太久了，建议B休息一下，选项F"你应该停下休息一会儿，否则你的眼睛可能会受伤。"符合题意。故选F。
五、语法填空
41. 答案：playing
42. 答案：gone
43. 答案：to play
44. 答案：riding
45. 答案：anything
六、连词成句
46. 答案：How old is your father
47. 答案：I need a sweater for school.
48. 答案：When is your father's birthday
49. 答案：they have a book sale in the school library.
50. 答案：I think it's in your grandparents' room.
七、书面表达
答案：
Dear Tom,
I'm so glad to hear from you. I like playing basketball because it's easy for me. On school days, I play basketball with my classmates after school. On weekends, I always play basketball with my father in the park near my home. Playing basketball really changes me a lot. It helps me make more friends. I have a better relationship with my father now. What's more, I become taller and much healthier now. I really enjoy playing basketball. What sports do you like Hope everything goes well with you.
Yours,
Li Hua