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题型过关第4讲 词汇运用
一、通用解题步骤：“三步定位法”
1. 分析题干，判断词性与功能
划关键词：先看空格前后的成分（如冠词 a/an/the 后接名词，副词修饰动词 / 形容词，情态动词后接动词原形），快速锁定所需词性（名词 / 动词 / 形容词 / 副词等）。
示例：
空格前是 “a”→ 填单数名词；
空格前是 “very”→ 填形容词；
空格后是 “-ly”→ 可能需将形容词转为副词（如 quick→quickly）。
2. 结合上下文，确定词义与形式
语境逻辑：通过前后文的语义（如转折、因果、并列）推断词义，例如：
转折词（but/however）提示前后词义相反：He is poor but honest（诚实的）。
并列词（and/or）提示词性 / 形式一致：She likes singing and dancing（动名词）。
固定搭配：注意动词短语（look forward to doing）、介词搭配（be good at）、名词短语（make a decision）等，这些是高频考点。
3. 检查语法细节，确保形式正确
名词：单复数（可数 / 不可数，如 “information” 不可数）、所有格（Tom’s book）；
动词：时态（现在 / 过去 / 完成）、语态（被动 be done）、主谓一致（第三人称单数加 - s）；
形容词 / 副词：比较级最高级（tall→taller→tallest）、词性转换（nature→natural）；
数词：基数词变序数词（one→first）、分数表达（one-third）；
大小写：专有名词（如月份、地名，May/London）、句首单词首字母大写。
二、分题型解题技巧
1. 单词拼写（根据汉语提示或首字母填空）
题型特点：给出汉语意思或首字母，补全单词，考查拼写准确度和语境应用。
解题步骤：
① 根据汉语 / 首字母确定单词核心含义（如 “建议”→suggest/advice，注意动词 / 名词区别）；
② 结合空格前后语法结构判断词性（如 “给出建议”→give advice（名词）/ suggest（动词））；
③ 注意拼写细节：
双写结尾（stop→stopped）、去 e 加 - ing（dance→dancing）；
特殊拼写（necessary 有两个 “c”、“i” 在 “e” 前）；
首字母大写（如 “星期一”→Monday）。
示例：
汉语提示 “成功（名词）”→ 空格前是 “achieve”→ 填success（动词 achieve 后接名词）。
2. 词形转换（用所给单词的正确形式填空）
题型特点：给出基础词（如动词、名词），要求根据语法规则变形，高频考点为词性转换和语法形式。
解题技巧：
① 词性转换公式（必考核心）：
名词→形容词：-ful（care→careful）、-ous（danger→dangerous）、-al（music→musical）；
动词→名词：-tion（pollute→pollution）、-ance（perform→performance）；
形容词→副词：-ly（quick→quickly），但注意特殊情况（true→truly，possible→possibly）；
动词→形容词：-ed/-ing（interest→interested/interesting）。
② 语法形式判断：
主谓一致：主语是第三人称单数，动词加 - s（He studies hard）；
时态语态：时间状语（如 by now 用现在完成时 have/has done）、被动结构（be + 过去分词）；
非谓语动词：介词后用动名词（look forward to doing）、不定式表目的（I come to see you）。
示例：
题目：She is very _ (happy) to see her friends. **
分析：空格在 be 动词后，修饰人用形容词→填happy**（原词已是形容词，无需变形）。
3. 选词填空（从方框中选单词并用正确形式填空）
题型特点：提供多个单词（有时含多余选项），需根据语境选择并变形，考查综合应用能力。
解题步骤：
① 标注词性：先给方框内单词标上词性（n./v./adj./adv.），缩小选择范围；
② 排除法 + 上下文：结合空格前后词确定词性，如 “冠词 +” 选名词，“副词 +” 选形容词；
③ 注意词形变化：所选单词可能需变形（如名词变复数、动词变过去式），例如：
方框词 “run”，空格前是 “is”→ 现在进行时→running；
方框词 “child”，空格前是 “two”→ 复数→children。
示例：
方框词：happy, run, apple, big
题目：Look! The boy is _ fast. **
分析：“is” 后接现在分词表进行时→选 “run” 并变形为running**。
4. 首字母填空（根据首字母和语境补全单词）
题型特点：难度较高，需结合上下文和首字母推断单词，考查词汇量和逻辑推理。
解题技巧：
① 固定搭配优先：若首字母是 “a”，空格后是 “lot of”→ 可能是a lot of；
② 逻辑关系推断：
因果关系（so/therefore）：He didn’t study, so he failed the exam（首字母 f）；
同义解释（如破折号 / 定语从句）：She has a gift for music – she can play piano well（首字母 g，gift 表示 “天赋”）；
③ 词性验证：确定单词后，检查是否符合词性要求（如首字母是 “v”，空格需动词→visit, vary 等）。
三、易错点避坑指南
词性混淆陷阱：
例：题目要求填形容词，却误填名词（如 “beauty”→需改为 “beautiful”）；
对策：牢记 “形容词修饰名词，副词修饰动词 / 形容词”，用 “+ 名词” 或 “动词 +” 快速判断。
固定搭配错误：
例：“擅长” 误写为 “be good in”（正确是 “be good at”）；
对策：备考时分类整理搭配（动词 + 介词、形容词 + 介词、名词 + 动词），如：
动词 + 介词：look for（寻找）、listen to（听）；
形容词 + 介词：afraid of（害怕）、angry with（生气）。
拼写细节错误：
例：“必要的” 拼成 “neccessary”（正确是 “necessary”，双 c 双 s）；
对策：整理易混拼写单词（如 separate/secret, receive/recieve），考前集中记忆。
忽略上下文逻辑：
例：前后文是转折关系，却填了顺承词对应的单词；
对策：做题时划出逻辑词（but/and/so），确保单词符合语境情感（积极 / 消极）。
四、备考提升策略
词汇分类记忆法：
按词性分类（动词 / 名词 / 形容词），结合例句记忆用法（如动词 “affect” 是及物动词，直接加宾语）；
词根词缀拓展：如 “un-” 表否定（happy→unhappy），“-ment” 表名词（develop→development）。
语境记忆法：
不在孤立单词中记忆，而是通过真题句子、课文段落记忆，掌握单词的搭配和使用场景。
错题专项整理：
记录高频错误（如词形转换错误、固定搭配混淆），标注错误原因（词性判断失误 / 拼写错误），考前重点复习。
限时训练，培养语感：
每天做 1-2 篇词汇运用题，限时 8-10 分钟，强迫自己快速通过语法和语境锁定答案，减少纠结。
五、实战口诀
“先看词性定范围，再结合搭配和上下文；
词形变化要仔细，拼写细节莫忘记；
逻辑关系是关键，代入验证保正确。”
（23-24八年级下·广东珠海·期中）请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。
for chore kitchen anything be food cook chicken but they buy young
I liked doing 1 when I was young. My mother started to teach us to cook when we 2 five or six. There was a reason for that. My father was at home 3 only two days a month, so my mother had to do 84. 4 . She had to grow crops, feed the dog and the 5 and cook for us. When we were five or six years old, we all started to help our mother do the housework. My eldest sister Lora helped our mother reap (收割) crops on the farm. My second eldest sister Daisy did the washing and I 6 for the family. When my sisters finished 7 work, they both came to the 8 to help me. I can still remember the tears (眼泪) in my mother’s eyes when she saw the 9 we cooked. When I was seven, I went to school, 10 I still came home every day and cooked for the family. I also liked to bring the food I cooked to school and share it with my classmates.
（23-24八年级下·江西赣州·期中）请先阅读下面短文， 掌握其大意，然后从方框中所给的词中选出最恰当的 11 个，用其适当形式填空，每个词限用一次。
until full nervous pressure cause quietly problem continue plan healthy meet
Today the world is developing very fast. It is 11 of many competitions. So many young people worry about letting their parents and themselves down. To try to 12 everyone’s needs, young people have to do lots of things 13 it becomes harder and harder to stand. The result is that young people are under great 14 .
How to deal with stress Everyone knows that caffeine (咖啡因) keeps you active and clear. But caffeine is something which can be addictive (使人上瘾的). In the end, caffeine only 15 more stress. There are better ways to deal with stress: Exercise is a good way, because it can make you calm down (平静) .You have to get enough sleep to stay away from stress and to keep 16 . Another way to deal with stress is to 17 your time reasonably(合理地) . Know your limits (界限) and try not to do more things than you could stand. Finally, if something pushes you to be crazy, don’t be 18 or get worried. Find time to sit down 19 for ten to twenty minutes. It will help you calm down.
Stress is one of the common 20 in today’s life. If you allow stress 21 , it will put you at great risks both in body and mind. So find your ways to stop too much stress.
（20-21八年级下·河南南阳·期中）阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
she, worry, spend, work, for, when, grow, always, old, much
Mother Love is true love. It gives everybody everything in all his life. When you are still a baby, mother takes good care of you as 22 as possible. In your waking hours, she always holds you in 23 arms. When you are ill, she stops her 24 to look after you day and night and forgets about herself. When you are 25 up day by day, she feels very happy. When you are 26 enough to go to school, mother still looks after you all the time. On cold winter days, she always tells you to put on more clothes. She always stands in the wind waiting 27 you back from school. When you hurry to leave home for school with little breakfast, she is always 28 about you at home. She usually knows about your study and 29 much money on your school things. 30 you do well at school, the brightest smile will be seen on her face.
Mother is 31 ready to give everything she has to her children, not to receive. What true love that is in the world! We will remember Mother Love forever.
（23-24八年级下·江西赣州·期中）请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后用方框中所给的词的适当形式填空，每个词限用一次。
if; mouth; get; badly; serious; hurt; put; important; problem; around; everything
Indoor plants are a beautiful way to brighten up (变亮) your home. But there can be a dark side to houseplants if you have children or if children visit your home. It is 32 that you know which plants are good for them.
Gardening expert Jessica Damiano recently wrote a passage about the 33 . She tells that houseplants should be kept out of children’s mouths.“I don’t mind breaking the children’s hopes for new things indoor 34 it means…stopping hurting,”Dam ano wrote.
Kaitlyn Brown works at America’s Poison Centers in Arlington, Virginia. She told the AP, “We 35 about 33,000 calls every year from people whose kids put different plants in their 36 .”
She added that these houseplants mainly 37 children under 3, “because they want to know about their environment,” she said, “and they put 38 in their mouths.” Most accidents are not very 39 . Brown said. But in some cases a child’s breathing, skin and eyes can be 40 hurt.
Damiano wrote that parents should teach their young children not 41 non-food plant parts into their mouths. She advises parents to make sure if the plants in their homes are safe to grow 42 children. She also suggests learning the names of any houseplants so that they are able to look up the information about them quickly.
（22-23八年级下·上海虹口·期中）将下列单词或短语前的字母填入空格。每个单词或短语只能填一次
A．difficult B．the most important C． slowly D．plant
Trees are useful to man in three very important ways: they provide him with wood and other products; they give him shade; they help to prevent drought (干旱) and floods.
Unfortunately, in many parts of the world, man has not realized that the third of these services is 43 .
2000 years ago, a rich and powerful country cut down its trees to build warships. Soon after that, the whole country found itself faced by floods and starvation (饥饿).
Even when a government realizes the importance of a plentiful supply of trees, it is 44 for it to persuade (说服) the villager to see this. The villager wants wood to cook his food with, and he can earn money by making charcoal or selling wood to others. He is usually too lazy or too careless to plant and look after new trees. So unless the government has a good system of control, or can educate the people, the forests will 45 disappear.
A．enough B．tired C． tried D．quite
Water is the most important of all the things we eat and drink. Not many people understand this but it’s 46 true. The human body can go without food for a long time. We’ve got many examples for this. Yet two or three days without water can usually make people die. Man can’t live without water.
Many people don’t understand how much water the human body needs to work well, and many people, especially young people, do not drink 47 , even in very hot weather. Our body has mostly water, about 65% to 75%. That is to say, about two thirds of our body is water. When we do sports, some of the water will get away from our body. If we don’t drink some water, we won’t have enough water. And if we don’t have enough water, we’ll feel 48 and many of us will get ill. So you know how important water is to us.
（23-24八年级下·河南南阳·期中）阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
friend proud usual if understand clear it feeling want how
Humans (人类) are just like any other kind of animals. Animals show their 49 with their faces and bodies. 50 they show their teeth and raise (耸起) their backs, they’re angry. Humans do many of these things, too. You can 51 tell whether someone is happy, angry or nervous when you look at them. We do not always need words because body languages are often 52 .
We can look at our pets to see 53 close animal and human body languages are. When a cat is feeling confident, it will stand very tall and put 54 nose into the air. Humans do the same thing when they’re feeling 55 .
Monkeys are very similar (相似的) to humans. For example, children often put their hands together when they 56 something. Monkeys use the same gesture as a way to ask for food from other members of their group. As a greeting, monkeys touch their 57 hand. It’s similar to the way we shake hands.
So you see, we can learn a lot about us by 58 animal gestures.
（23-24八年级下·宁夏石嘴山·期中）从下面方框中选择恰当的词或短语并用其正确形式填入短文中，使短文通顺正确（每个词或短语只能用一次）。
two, however, health, almost, spend, magazine, on the Internet, housework, do sports, together
Li Feng, a 14-year-old boy from Ningxia, is very healthy now. 59 , he had some bad habits in the past. He liked to stay up late and he usually played computer games 60 at night. In the morning, he got up late and didn’t eat breakfast. For lunch and dinner, he ate junk food. He liked eating candies very much and he 61 ate them every day. And he didn’t exercise. Although (尽管) his parents asked him to 62 , he never listened.
Last year, Li Feng often felt tired. His parents were worried about his 63 , so they took him to the hospital. The doctor told Li Feng that he was in poor health (健康欠佳). Then Li Feng decided to do something. “I’ll try to 64 less time on the computer games, ” he said. “I’ll try to eat healthy food. And I’ll get up early and exercise at least 65 a week. Besides, I will do the housework with my parents 66 .”
Now he loves doing sports. After dinner, he often helps his parents with the 67 . On weekends, he never plays computer games again. He loves reading some English 68 , such as Time (时代周刊) in his free time. These good habits help him keep healthy.
（23-24八年级下·江西抚州·期中）请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后用方框中所给词的适当形式填空。每个词限用一次。
if, good, person, get, enjoy, even, help, screen, without, advice, young
Many young people aren’t as healthy as they were before. They’re 69 very heavy. A study shows that 97% of the 70 people need more exercise. Exercise helps in two ways. First, exercise can help with your mind. If you exercise a lot, you might worry less and sleep better at night. You may 71 learn better at school. Second, exercise 72 with your body. Different sports can make your body strong and it can also keep you at a healthy weight (体重). Here is some good 73 on making young people do more exercise.
Keep away from the 74 . Doctors call the time of watching TV or playing computer games screen time. You should have no more than two hours of screen time a day. Then you will 75 your life more.
Find a sport you are interested in. Interest is the 76 teacher. You can choose many different kinds of sports such as basketball, baseball, and football. These are all great sports. 77 you like them, you can play them with others.
Exercise with others. Find a friend or a 78 you trust to exercise with you. For example, you’ll have more fun when you run with others. What’s more, running with others will encourage you to keep on running 79 giving up easily.
（23-24八年级下·广东东莞·期中）请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。
doctor go get health I a heavy exercise careful after never she
Many years ago, my mother moved to live with us. She has been much 80 than before since she moved to live with us in the city. As time went by, she became weak again. So I had to take her to see a 81 . The doctor asked her to lose weight by doing 82 every day. I told her that I would exercise with her every morning.
On the first morning, she 83 up very early and ran with me in the park. I tried to run slowly so that she could follow me. 84 running for some minutes, I told her the right ways of exercise and the importance of eating 85 food. She listened to me 86 .
With my help, exercise has become 87 important part in her life. “Thank you, my dear daughter. Exercise brings health and happiness to me. I will 88 worry about my health,” she said. Her words touched 89 deeply. I felt happy to make a big difference to my mother’s life.
（23-24八年级下·四川成都·期中）
because; everyone; find; health; life: lose; one; perform; she: so; surprise; you
Of all the 2024 Spring Festival movies, YOLO caused a heated discussion online. People are 90 by Jia Ling’s weight loss of 50 kilograms in the movie. This movie is about the change of a woman, Le Ying, who learns to love 91 . It brings courage and warmth to us.
YOLO stands for “You Only Live 92 .” It means “life is short, so make the most of it”. Having a YOLO attitude (态度) means that you should enjoy your life, 93 you only get one. You can do lots of fun activities, or always meet up with your friends.
Jia said that this movie isn’t about boxing or 94 weight, but is a touching story about “learning to love yourself”. Jia’s excellent 95 also brings depth to the character. She tells us that everyone can be whoever they like and live their own wonderful 96 .
Jia’s story tells us that only by challenging ourselves can we see the real change. However, not 97 can lose weight as successfully as Jia. Losing weight needs a scientific (科学的) plan. Moreover, losing weight is not the only way 98 your true self and love yourself.
So what can we do to truly love ourselves Firstly, you should take good care of yourself. Eating 99 and exercising more are good for your health. Secondly, start by having a deep understanding of yourself. Try to know what you love and do it bravely. Lastly, don’t lose courage to begin again. Now start a journey of self-love today.
（23-24八年级下·广西南宁·期中）根据语篇内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词，并用其正确形式填空。请将单词填写在答题卡对应的横线上，每个单词只能用一次。
practising notice healthy fight like none but own heart newer
Disney has made many cartoon movies. The princesses (公主们) in the movies have won the 100 of many boys and girls. However, have you 101 that Disney princesses are changing
In the early Disney cartoon movies, princesses 102 Snow White and Cinderella are usually pretty and kind, 103 they have to get out of trouble and find happiness with others’ help.
Now many girls know they have to 104 for their happiness. Disney has found the change. So the princesses in its much 105 movies don’t just have good looks. Merida is a good example. She is a princess and she likes going on adventures. She spends her days 106 archery (射箭) riding her horse and experiencing the world. She just wants to decide for her 107 life.
Disney has their “new ideas for being a modern princess”, such as caring for others; living 108 ; believing in yourself and being brave. And 109 of them are about the looks of a princess. Anyway, one’s inner beauty (内在美) is more valuable.
（23-24八年级下·湖北十堰·期中）阅读短文，从方框中选出正确的词并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
make train surprise seriously great like sudden villager however give
Can women wrestle (摔跤) Many people may say “No”. 110 , the Indian wrestler Mahavir Phogat taught his daughters to be the 111 wrestlers in the world.
The father first wanted to have a son, so he could be a wrestler 112 him. But his wife gave birth to four daughters. He was not happy because in people’s mind, girls could only do housework at home. He almost 113 up the hope for his children to win gold medals. 114 one day, he heard that his older daughters Geeta and Babita beat up two boys by wrestling them. Phogat was very 115 to hear that. He then realized that his girls were able to become excellent wrestlers because they, like himself, were born (天生的) wrestlers.
Then he began to train his daughters in the small village. The two girls even had their long hair cut and the 116 laughed at them. Day after day, they had to get up early in the morning to do exercise. The 117 was so cruel that the girls hated it at first. But later they understood their father’s love. Only in this way could they have a bright future in India. After that, they took the training 118 and step by step, they made great progress. The daughters even beat up other men wrestlers in all kinds of competitions. They successfully 119 their way to the national winners. Will the two girls be the pride of their father and the whole country Find out more in the Indian movie Dangal (《摔跤吧！爸爸》)./ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
题型过关第4讲 词汇运用
一、通用解题步骤：“三步定位法”
1. 分析题干，判断词性与功能
划关键词：先看空格前后的成分（如冠词 a/an/the 后接名词，副词修饰动词 / 形容词，情态动词后接动词原形），快速锁定所需词性（名词 / 动词 / 形容词 / 副词等）。
示例：
空格前是 “a”→ 填单数名词；
空格前是 “very”→ 填形容词；
空格后是 “-ly”→ 可能需将形容词转为副词（如 quick→quickly）。
2. 结合上下文，确定词义与形式
语境逻辑：通过前后文的语义（如转折、因果、并列）推断词义，例如：
转折词（but/however）提示前后词义相反：He is poor but honest（诚实的）。
并列词（and/or）提示词性 / 形式一致：She likes singing and dancing（动名词）。
固定搭配：注意动词短语（look forward to doing）、介词搭配（be good at）、名词短语（make a decision）等，这些是高频考点。
3. 检查语法细节，确保形式正确
名词：单复数（可数 / 不可数，如 “information” 不可数）、所有格（Tom’s book）；
动词：时态（现在 / 过去 / 完成）、语态（被动 be done）、主谓一致（第三人称单数加 - s）；
形容词 / 副词：比较级最高级（tall→taller→tallest）、词性转换（nature→natural）；
数词：基数词变序数词（one→first）、分数表达（one-third）；
大小写：专有名词（如月份、地名，May/London）、句首单词首字母大写。
二、分题型解题技巧
1. 单词拼写（根据汉语提示或首字母填空）
题型特点：给出汉语意思或首字母，补全单词，考查拼写准确度和语境应用。
解题步骤：
① 根据汉语 / 首字母确定单词核心含义（如 “建议”→suggest/advice，注意动词 / 名词区别）；
② 结合空格前后语法结构判断词性（如 “给出建议”→give advice（名词）/ suggest（动词））；
③ 注意拼写细节：
双写结尾（stop→stopped）、去 e 加 - ing（dance→dancing）；
特殊拼写（necessary 有两个 “c”、“i” 在 “e” 前）；
首字母大写（如 “星期一”→Monday）。
示例：
汉语提示 “成功（名词）”→ 空格前是 “achieve”→ 填success（动词 achieve 后接名词）。
2. 词形转换（用所给单词的正确形式填空）
题型特点：给出基础词（如动词、名词），要求根据语法规则变形，高频考点为词性转换和语法形式。
解题技巧：
① 词性转换公式（必考核心）：
名词→形容词：-ful（care→careful）、-ous（danger→dangerous）、-al（music→musical）；
动词→名词：-tion（pollute→pollution）、-ance（perform→performance）；
形容词→副词：-ly（quick→quickly），但注意特殊情况（true→truly，possible→possibly）；
动词→形容词：-ed/-ing（interest→interested/interesting）。
② 语法形式判断：
主谓一致：主语是第三人称单数，动词加 - s（He studies hard）；
时态语态：时间状语（如 by now 用现在完成时 have/has done）、被动结构（be + 过去分词）；
非谓语动词：介词后用动名词（look forward to doing）、不定式表目的（I come to see you）。
示例：
题目：She is very _ (happy) to see her friends. **
分析：空格在 be 动词后，修饰人用形容词→填happy**（原词已是形容词，无需变形）。
3. 选词填空（从方框中选单词并用正确形式填空）
题型特点：提供多个单词（有时含多余选项），需根据语境选择并变形，考查综合应用能力。
解题步骤：
① 标注词性：先给方框内单词标上词性（n./v./adj./adv.），缩小选择范围；
② 排除法 + 上下文：结合空格前后词确定词性，如 “冠词 +” 选名词，“副词 +” 选形容词；
③ 注意词形变化：所选单词可能需变形（如名词变复数、动词变过去式），例如：
方框词 “run”，空格前是 “is”→ 现在进行时→running；
方框词 “child”，空格前是 “two”→ 复数→children。
示例：
方框词：happy, run, apple, big
题目：Look! The boy is _ fast. **
分析：“is” 后接现在分词表进行时→选 “run” 并变形为running**。
4. 首字母填空（根据首字母和语境补全单词）
题型特点：难度较高，需结合上下文和首字母推断单词，考查词汇量和逻辑推理。
解题技巧：
① 固定搭配优先：若首字母是 “a”，空格后是 “lot of”→ 可能是a lot of；
② 逻辑关系推断：
因果关系（so/therefore）：He didn’t study, so he failed the exam（首字母 f）；
同义解释（如破折号 / 定语从句）：She has a gift for music – she can play piano well（首字母 g，gift 表示 “天赋”）；
③ 词性验证：确定单词后，检查是否符合词性要求（如首字母是 “v”，空格需动词→visit, vary 等）。
三、易错点避坑指南
词性混淆陷阱：
例：题目要求填形容词，却误填名词（如 “beauty”→需改为 “beautiful”）；
对策：牢记 “形容词修饰名词，副词修饰动词 / 形容词”，用 “+ 名词” 或 “动词 +” 快速判断。
固定搭配错误：
例：“擅长” 误写为 “be good in”（正确是 “be good at”）；
对策：备考时分类整理搭配（动词 + 介词、形容词 + 介词、名词 + 动词），如：
动词 + 介词：look for（寻找）、listen to（听）；
形容词 + 介词：afraid of（害怕）、angry with（生气）。
拼写细节错误：
例：“必要的” 拼成 “neccessary”（正确是 “necessary”，双 c 双 s）；
对策：整理易混拼写单词（如 separate/secret, receive/recieve），考前集中记忆。
忽略上下文逻辑：
例：前后文是转折关系，却填了顺承词对应的单词；
对策：做题时划出逻辑词（but/and/so），确保单词符合语境情感（积极 / 消极）。
四、备考提升策略
词汇分类记忆法：
按词性分类（动词 / 名词 / 形容词），结合例句记忆用法（如动词 “affect” 是及物动词，直接加宾语）；
词根词缀拓展：如 “un-” 表否定（happy→unhappy），“-ment” 表名词（develop→development）。
语境记忆法：
不在孤立单词中记忆，而是通过真题句子、课文段落记忆，掌握单词的搭配和使用场景。
错题专项整理：
记录高频错误（如词形转换错误、固定搭配混淆），标注错误原因（词性判断失误 / 拼写错误），考前重点复习。
限时训练，培养语感：
每天做 1-2 篇词汇运用题，限时 8-10 分钟，强迫自己快速通过语法和语境锁定答案，减少纠结。
五、实战口诀
“先看词性定范围，再结合搭配和上下文；
词形变化要仔细，拼写细节莫忘记；
逻辑关系是关键，代入验证保正确。”
（23-24八年级下·广东珠海·期中）请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。
for chore kitchen anything be food cook chicken but they buy young
I liked doing 1 when I was young. My mother started to teach us to cook when we 2 five or six. There was a reason for that. My father was at home 3 only two days a month, so my mother had to do 84. 4 . She had to grow crops, feed the dog and the 5 and cook for us. When we were five or six years old, we all started to help our mother do the housework. My eldest sister Lora helped our mother reap (收割) crops on the farm. My second eldest sister Daisy did the washing and I 6 for the family. When my sisters finished 7 work, they both came to the 8 to help me. I can still remember the tears (眼泪) in my mother’s eyes when she saw the 9 we cooked. When I was seven, I went to school, 10 I still came home every day and cooked for the family. I also liked to bring the food I cooked to school and share it with my classmates.
（23-24八年级下·江西赣州·期中）请先阅读下面短文， 掌握其大意，然后从方框中所给的词中选出最恰当的 11 个，用其适当形式填空，每个词限用一次。
until full nervous pressure cause quietly problem continue plan healthy meet
Today the world is developing very fast. It is 11 of many competitions. So many young people worry about letting their parents and themselves down. To try to 12 everyone’s needs, young people have to do lots of things 13 it becomes harder and harder to stand. The result is that young people are under great 14 .
How to deal with stress Everyone knows that caffeine (咖啡因) keeps you active and clear. But caffeine is something which can be addictive (使人上瘾的). In the end, caffeine only 15 more stress. There are better ways to deal with stress: Exercise is a good way, because it can make you calm down (平静) .You have to get enough sleep to stay away from stress and to keep 16 . Another way to deal with stress is to 17 your time reasonably(合理地) . Know your limits (界限) and try not to do more things than you could stand. Finally, if something pushes you to be crazy, don’t be 18 or get worried. Find time to sit down 19 for ten to twenty minutes. It will help you calm down.
Stress is one of the common 20 in today’s life. If you allow stress 21 , it will put you at great risks both in body and mind. So find your ways to stop too much stress.
（20-21八年级下·河南南阳·期中）阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
she, worry, spend, work, for, when, grow, always, old, much
Mother Love is true love. It gives everybody everything in all his life. When you are still a baby, mother takes good care of you as 22 as possible. In your waking hours, she always holds you in 23 arms. When you are ill, she stops her 24 to look after you day and night and forgets about herself. When you are 25 up day by day, she feels very happy. When you are 26 enough to go to school, mother still looks after you all the time. On cold winter days, she always tells you to put on more clothes. She always stands in the wind waiting 27 you back from school. When you hurry to leave home for school with little breakfast, she is always 28 about you at home. She usually knows about your study and 29 much money on your school things. 30 you do well at school, the brightest smile will be seen on her face.
Mother is 31 ready to give everything she has to her children, not to receive. What true love that is in the world! We will remember Mother Love forever.
（23-24八年级下·江西赣州·期中）请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后用方框中所给的词的适当形式填空，每个词限用一次。
if; mouth; get; badly; serious; hurt; put; important; problem; around; everything
Indoor plants are a beautiful way to brighten up (变亮) your home. But there can be a dark side to houseplants if you have children or if children visit your home. It is 32 that you know which plants are good for them.
Gardening expert Jessica Damiano recently wrote a passage about the 33 . She tells that houseplants should be kept out of children’s mouths.“I don’t mind breaking the children’s hopes for new things indoor 34 it means…stopping hurting,”Dam ano wrote.
Kaitlyn Brown works at America’s Poison Centers in Arlington, Virginia. She told the AP, “We 35 about 33,000 calls every year from people whose kids put different plants in their 36 .”
She added that these houseplants mainly 37 children under 3, “because they want to know about their environment,” she said, “and they put 38 in their mouths.” Most accidents are not very 39 . Brown said. But in some cases a child’s breathing, skin and eyes can be 40 hurt.
Damiano wrote that parents should teach their young children not 41 non-food plant parts into their mouths. She advises parents to make sure if the plants in their homes are safe to grow 42 children. She also suggests learning the names of any houseplants so that they are able to look up the information about them quickly.
（22-23八年级下·上海虹口·期中）将下列单词或短语前的字母填入空格。每个单词或短语只能填一次
A．difficult B．the most important C． slowly D．plant
Trees are useful to man in three very important ways: they provide him with wood and other products; they give him shade; they help to prevent drought (干旱) and floods.
Unfortunately, in many parts of the world, man has not realized that the third of these services is 43 .
2000 years ago, a rich and powerful country cut down its trees to build warships. Soon after that, the whole country found itself faced by floods and starvation (饥饿).
Even when a government realizes the importance of a plentiful supply of trees, it is 44 for it to persuade (说服) the villager to see this. The villager wants wood to cook his food with, and he can earn money by making charcoal or selling wood to others. He is usually too lazy or too careless to plant and look after new trees. So unless the government has a good system of control, or can educate the people, the forests will 45 disappear.
A．enough B．tired C． tried D．quite
Water is the most important of all the things we eat and drink. Not many people understand this but it’s 46 true. The human body can go without food for a long time. We’ve got many examples for this. Yet two or three days without water can usually make people die. Man can’t live without water.
Many people don’t understand how much water the human body needs to work well, and many people, especially young people, do not drink 47 , even in very hot weather. Our body has mostly water, about 65% to 75%. That is to say, about two thirds of our body is water. When we do sports, some of the water will get away from our body. If we don’t drink some water, we won’t have enough water. And if we don’t have enough water, we’ll feel 48 and many of us will get ill. So you know how important water is to us.
（23-24八年级下·河南南阳·期中）阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
friend proud usual if understand clear it feeling want how
Humans (人类) are just like any other kind of animals. Animals show their 49 with their faces and bodies. 50 they show their teeth and raise (耸起) their backs, they’re angry. Humans do many of these things, too. You can 51 tell whether someone is happy, angry or nervous when you look at them. We do not always need words because body languages are often 52 .
We can look at our pets to see 53 close animal and human body languages are. When a cat is feeling confident, it will stand very tall and put 54 nose into the air. Humans do the same thing when they’re feeling 55 .
Monkeys are very similar (相似的) to humans. For example, children often put their hands together when they 56 something. Monkeys use the same gesture as a way to ask for food from other members of their group. As a greeting, monkeys touch their 57 hand. It’s similar to the way we shake hands.
So you see, we can learn a lot about us by 58 animal gestures.
（23-24八年级下·宁夏石嘴山·期中）从下面方框中选择恰当的词或短语并用其正确形式填入短文中，使短文通顺正确（每个词或短语只能用一次）。
two, however, health, almost, spend, magazine, on the Internet, housework, do sports, together
Li Feng, a 14-year-old boy from Ningxia, is very healthy now. 59 , he had some bad habits in the past. He liked to stay up late and he usually played computer games 60 at night. In the morning, he got up late and didn’t eat breakfast. For lunch and dinner, he ate junk food. He liked eating candies very much and he 61 ate them every day. And he didn’t exercise. Although (尽管) his parents asked him to 62 , he never listened.
Last year, Li Feng often felt tired. His parents were worried about his 63 , so they took him to the hospital. The doctor told Li Feng that he was in poor health (健康欠佳). Then Li Feng decided to do something. “I’ll try to 64 less time on the computer games, ” he said. “I’ll try to eat healthy food. And I’ll get up early and exercise at least 65 a week. Besides, I will do the housework with my parents 66 .”
Now he loves doing sports. After dinner, he often helps his parents with the 67 . On weekends, he never plays computer games again. He loves reading some English 68 , such as Time (时代周刊) in his free time. These good habits help him keep healthy.
（23-24八年级下·江西抚州·期中）请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后用方框中所给词的适当形式填空。每个词限用一次。
if, good, person, get, enjoy, even, help, screen, without, advice, young
Many young people aren’t as healthy as they were before. They’re 69 very heavy. A study shows that 97% of the 70 people need more exercise. Exercise helps in two ways. First, exercise can help with your mind. If you exercise a lot, you might worry less and sleep better at night. You may 71 learn better at school. Second, exercise 72 with your body. Different sports can make your body strong and it can also keep you at a healthy weight (体重). Here is some good 73 on making young people do more exercise.
Keep away from the 74 . Doctors call the time of watching TV or playing computer games screen time. You should have no more than two hours of screen time a day. Then you will 75 your life more.
Find a sport you are interested in. Interest is the 76 teacher. You can choose many different kinds of sports such as basketball, baseball, and football. These are all great sports. 77 you like them, you can play them with others.
Exercise with others. Find a friend or a 78 you trust to exercise with you. For example, you’ll have more fun when you run with others. What’s more, running with others will encourage you to keep on running 79 giving up easily.
（23-24八年级下·广东东莞·期中）请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。
doctor go get health I a heavy exercise careful after never she
Many years ago, my mother moved to live with us. She has been much 80 than before since she moved to live with us in the city. As time went by, she became weak again. So I had to take her to see a 81 . The doctor asked her to lose weight by doing 82 every day. I told her that I would exercise with her every morning.
On the first morning, she 83 up very early and ran with me in the park. I tried to run slowly so that she could follow me. 84 running for some minutes, I told her the right ways of exercise and the importance of eating 85 food. She listened to me 86 .
With my help, exercise has become 87 important part in her life. “Thank you, my dear daughter. Exercise brings health and happiness to me. I will 88 worry about my health,” she said. Her words touched 89 deeply. I felt happy to make a big difference to my mother’s life.
（23-24八年级下·四川成都·期中）
because; everyone; find; health; life: lose; one; perform; she: so; surprise; you
Of all the 2024 Spring Festival movies, YOLO caused a heated discussion online. People are 90 by Jia Ling’s weight loss of 50 kilograms in the movie. This movie is about the change of a woman, Le Ying, who learns to love 91 . It brings courage and warmth to us.
YOLO stands for “You Only Live 92 .” It means “life is short, so make the most of it”. Having a YOLO attitude (态度) means that you should enjoy your life, 93 you only get one. You can do lots of fun activities, or always meet up with your friends.
Jia said that this movie isn’t about boxing or 94 weight, but is a touching story about “learning to love yourself”. Jia’s excellent 95 also brings depth to the character. She tells us that everyone can be whoever they like and live their own wonderful 96 .
Jia’s story tells us that only by challenging ourselves can we see the real change. However, not 97 can lose weight as successfully as Jia. Losing weight needs a scientific (科学的) plan. Moreover, losing weight is not the only way 98 your true self and love yourself.
So what can we do to truly love ourselves Firstly, you should take good care of yourself. Eating 99 and exercising more are good for your health. Secondly, start by having a deep understanding of yourself. Try to know what you love and do it bravely. Lastly, don’t lose courage to begin again. Now start a journey of self-love today.
（23-24八年级下·广西南宁·期中）根据语篇内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词，并用其正确形式填空。请将单词填写在答题卡对应的横线上，每个单词只能用一次。
practising notice healthy fight like none but own heart newer
Disney has made many cartoon movies. The princesses (公主们) in the movies have won the 100 of many boys and girls. However, have you 101 that Disney princesses are changing
In the early Disney cartoon movies, princesses 102 Snow White and Cinderella are usually pretty and kind, 103 they have to get out of trouble and find happiness with others’ help.
Now many girls know they have to 104 for their happiness. Disney has found the change. So the princesses in its much 105 movies don’t just have good looks. Merida is a good example. She is a princess and she likes going on adventures. She spends her days 106 archery (射箭) riding her horse and experiencing the world. She just wants to decide for her 107 life.
Disney has their “new ideas for being a modern princess”, such as caring for others; living 108 ; believing in yourself and being brave. And 109 of them are about the looks of a princess. Anyway, one’s inner beauty (内在美) is more valuable.
（23-24八年级下·湖北十堰·期中）阅读短文，从方框中选出正确的词并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
make train surprise seriously great like sudden villager however give
Can women wrestle (摔跤) Many people may say “No”. 110 , the Indian wrestler Mahavir Phogat taught his daughters to be the 111 wrestlers in the world.
The father first wanted to have a son, so he could be a wrestler 112 him. But his wife gave birth to four daughters. He was not happy because in people’s mind, girls could only do housework at home. He almost 113 up the hope for his children to win gold medals. 114 one day, he heard that his older daughters Geeta and Babita beat up two boys by wrestling them. Phogat was very 115 to hear that. He then realized that his girls were able to become excellent wrestlers because they, like himself, were born (天生的) wrestlers.
Then he began to train his daughters in the small village. The two girls even had their long hair cut and the 116 laughed at them. Day after day, they had to get up early in the morning to do exercise. The 117 was so cruel that the girls hated it at first. But later they understood their father’s love. Only in this way could they have a bright future in India. After that, they took the training 118 and step by step, they made great progress. The daughters even beat up other men wrestlers in all kinds of competitions. They successfully 119 their way to the national winners. Will the two girls be the pride of their father and the whole country Find out more in the Indian movie Dangal (《摔跤吧！爸爸》).
参考答案
1．chores 2．were 3．for 4．everything 5．chicken 6．cooked 7．their 8．kitchen 9．food 10．but
【导语】本文讲述了作者小的时候因为父亲常常不在家，三姐妹帮助母亲做家务的感人故事。
1．句意：我小的时候喜欢做家务。根据下文“My mother started to teach us to cook when we ... five or six.”和备选词可知，此处是指做家务。chore“家务”，do chores“做家务”。故填chores。
2．句意：当我们五岁或者六岁时，我妈妈开始教我们做饭。分析句子结构和备选词可知，此处缺少be动词，本句时态为一般过去时，陈述过去的事，主语we是复数，所以be动词用were。故填were。
3．句意：我爸爸一个月只有两天在家，所以我妈妈要做所有的事情。根据空后“only two days a month”和备选词可知，用介词for，表示时间段。故填for。
4．句意：我爸爸一个月只有两天在家，所以我妈妈要做所有的事情。根据前文“My father was at home ... only two days a month”和备选词可知，此处表示妈妈要做所有事，everything“所有事”。故填everything。
5．句意：她得种庄稼，喂狗和鸡，给我们做饭。根据空前的“feed the dog and the”和备选词可知，应填chicken“鸡”，和前面的dog并列。故填chicken。
6．句意：我二姐Daisy洗衣服，我给家人做饭。根据下文“When I was seven, I went to school, ... I still came home every day and cooked for the family.”和备选词可知，我负责给家人做饭。cook“做饭”，本句时态为一般过去时，陈述过去的事，所以用过去式。故填cooked。
7．句意：当我姐姐们完成她们的工作时，她们都会来到厨房帮我。分析句子结构和备选词可知，应填人称代词they的形容词性物主代词形式their“她们的”，作定语，修饰名词work。故填their。
8．句意：当我姐姐们完成她们的工作时，她们都会来到厨房帮我。根据下文“I can still remember the tears (眼泪) in my mother’s eyes when she saw the ... we cooked.”和备选词可知，此处表示姐姐来厨房帮“我”一起做饭。kitchen“厨房”，前面有定冠词the，用单数即可。故填kitchen。
9．句意：我仍然记得当妈妈看到我们做的食物时她眼中的眼泪。根据空后的“we cooked”和备选词可知，此处指我们做的食物，food“食物”，不可数名词。故填food。
10．句意：当我七岁的时候，我去上学了，但我仍然每天回家为家人做饭。根据“I went to school”和“I still came home every day and cooked for the family”可知，前后是转折关系，用but连接。故填but。
11．full 12．meet 13．until 14．pressure 15．causes 16．healthy 17．plan 18．nervous 19．quietly 20．problems 21．to continue
【导语】本文主要介绍了如何应对压力问题。
11．句意：它充满了许多竞争。根据“is ... of many competitions”及备选词可知，此处指“充满竞争”，be full of“充满”，固定短语，故填full。
12．句意：为了尽量满足每个人的需求，年轻人不得不做很多事情，直到它变得越来越难以忍受。根据“everyone’s needs”及备选词可知，此处指满足每个人的需求，meet“满足”，不定式符号to后跟动词原形，故填meet。
13．句意：为了尽量满足每个人的需求，年轻人不得不做很多事情，直到它变得越来越难以忍受。根据“have to do lots of things ... it becomes harder and harder to stand”及备选词可知，应是一直做很多事情直到难以忍受为止，until“直到”符合语境，引导时间状语从句，故填until。
14．句意：结果就是年轻人承受着巨大的压力。根据下文“How to deal with stress ”可知，此处指年轻人承受了巨大的压力，pressure“压力”，不可数名词。故填pressure。
15．句意：最后，咖啡因只会导致更多的压力。空处缺少谓语动词，根据“caffeine is something which can be addictive (使人上瘾的)”及语境可知，最终，咖啡因会造成更多的压力，cause“造成”，主语是不可数名词，时态是一般现在时，所以谓语动词用三单形式，故填causes。
16．句意：你必须有足够的睡眠来远离压力，保持健康。根据“have to get enough sleep”及备选词可知，睡眠充足有利于保持健康，keep healthy“保持健康”，故填healthy。
17．句意：另一个处理压力的方法是合理规划你的时间。根据“your time reasonably(合理地)”可知，应是合理规划时间，plan“规划”，to后跟动词原形构成不定式结构，在句中作表语，故填plan。
18．句意：最后，如果有什么事情把你逼疯了，不要紧张或担心。根据“don’t be... or get worried.”可知，空处应是表示心理活动的形容词，备选词nervous“紧张的”符合语境，故填nervous 。
19．句意：找时间安静地坐10到20分钟。根据“It will help you calm down.”及备选词和语境可知，应该是安静地坐10到20分钟，quietly“安静地”，副词修饰动词，故填quietly。
20．句意：压力是当今生活中常见的问题之一。 one of后跟名词的复数形式，表示“……之一”；根据常识可知，压力是很常见的问题，problem的复数形式problems“问题”符合语境，故填problems。
21．句意：如果你让压力持续下去，它会让你在身体和精神上都面临巨大的风险。根据“ it will put you at great risks both in body and mind. So find your ways to stop too much stress.”可知，要让压力继续的话，会有很大的风险，continue“继续”，allow sb to do sth“允许某人做某事”，所以空处用不定式，故填to continue。
22．much 23．her 24．work 25．growing 26．old 27．for 28．worried 29．spends 30．When 31．always
【分析】文章讲述了母爱的伟大，我们要永远记住母爱。
22．句意：当你还是个婴儿的时候，妈妈会尽可能地照顾你。根据“When you are still a baby, mother takes good care of you as...as possible.”及备选词汇可知，此处指的是“尽可能多的照顾你”，as...as中间要用形容词或副词原级，故填much。
23．句意：在你醒着的时候，她总是把你抱在怀里。根据“she always holds you in...arms.”及备选词汇可知，此处指的是“她的怀里”，空处修饰其后的名词，应用形容词性物主代词修饰，故填her。
24．句意：当你生病时，她停止工作日夜照顾你。根据“When you are ill, she stops her...to look after you day and night and forgets about herself.”及备选词汇可知，此处指的是“停止工作来照顾你”，work“工作”，是名词，作宾语，故填work。
25．句意：当你一天一天地长大，她感到非常快乐。根据“When you are...up day by day, she feels very happy.”及备选词汇可知，此处指的是“你一天天的长大”，空前有are，空处用现在分词形式，故填growing。
26．句意：当你长大到可以上学的时候，妈妈仍然会一直照顾你。根据“you are...enough to go to school”及备选词汇可知，此处指的是“年龄够大可以去上学了”，old enough“足够大”，故填old。
27．句意：她总是站在风中等你放学回来。根据“She always stands in the wind waiting...you back from school.”及备选词汇可知，此处指的是“等待”，wait for“等待”，故填for。
28．句意：当你匆忙离开家去学校几乎没有吃早餐时，她总是担心你在家里。根据“When you hurry to leave home for school with little breakfast, she is always...about you at home.”及备选词汇可知，此处指的是“妈妈在家担心你”，be worried about“对……担心”，故填worried。
29．句意：她通常知道你的学习情况，在你的学习用品上花了很多钱。根据“much money on your school things”及备选词汇可知，此处指的是“在学习用品上花很多钱”，spend“花费”，是动词，此处and并列的两部分，前面是“knows”，此处也用三单形式，故填spends。
30．句意：当你在学校表现出色时，她脸上就会露出最灿烂的笑容。根据“you do well at school, the brightest smile will be seen on her face.”及备选词汇可知，此处指的是“当……时”，应用when引导时间状语从句，位于句首首字母要大写，故填When。
31．句意：母亲总是愿意把她所有的一切都给她的孩子，而不是接受。根据“Mother is...ready to give everything she has to her children, not to receive.”及备选词汇可知，此处指的是“总是”，always“总是”，是频度副词，故填always。
32．important 33．problem 34．if 35．get 36．mouths 37．hurt 38．everything 39．serious 40．badly 41．to put 42．around
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了室内植物对儿童可能存在的安全隐患，并提供相关建议。
32．句意：重要的是你要知道哪些植物对他们有好处。根据上文“But there can be a dark side to houseplants if you have children or if children visit your home.”和备选词汇可知，室内植物也可能有不好的一面，所以此处是指知道哪些植物对孩子有益是很重要的；考查important“重要的”，形容词，在句中作系动词“is”的表语。故填important。
33．句意：园艺专家杰西卡 达米亚诺最近写了一篇关于这个问题的文章。根据上文“But there can be a dark side to houseplants if you have children or if children visit your home.”可知，室内植物对孩子可能有危害，所以此处是指园艺专家写了一篇关于这个问题的文章；考查problem“问题”，名词，这里应用名词单数形式。故填problem。
34．句意：如果这意味着……阻止伤害，我不介意打破孩子们对室内新事物的期望。分析句子结构可知，“it means …stopping hurting”是“I don’t mind breaking the children’s hopes for new things indoor”的条件，结合备选词汇，这里应用if“如果”引导条件状语从句。故填if。
35．句意：我们每年接到大约 33000 个电话，打电话的人说他们的孩子把不同的植物放进嘴里。根据“about 33,000 calls”和备选词汇可知，此处是指接到33000个电话；考查get“收到，接到”，动词；句子时态为一般现在时，且主语为“We”，谓语动词应用原形。故填get。
36．句意：我们每年收到大约33000个电话，打电话的人说他们的孩子把不同的植物放进嘴里。根据上文“houseplants should be kept out of children’s mouths”和备选词汇可知，室内植物不能让孩子们吃到，所以此处是指孩子把植物放进嘴里；空前有“their”，所以这里应用名词mouth的复数形式mouths。故填mouths。
37．句意：她补充说，这些室内植物主要伤害3岁以下的孩子。根据语境和备选词汇可知，此处是指这些室内植物主要伤害3岁以下的孩子；考查hurt“伤害”，动词；句子陈述一种事实，时态应用一般现在时，且主语“these houseplants”为复数，谓语动词应用原形。故填hurt。
38．句意：她说，“因为他们想了解自己的环境，所以他们把所有东西都放进嘴里。”根据上文“they want to know about their environment”和备选词汇可知，孩子们因为想了解环境，所以会把所有东西放进嘴里；考查everything“所有事物”，复合不定代词。故填everything。
39．句意：布朗说，大多数事故不是很严重。根据下文“But in some cases a child’s breathing, skin and eyes can be...hurt”和备选词汇可知，在某些情况下，孩子的呼吸、皮肤和眼睛会受到伤害，前后是转折关系，所以此处是大多数事故不是很严重；考查serious“严重的”，形容词，在句中作系动词“are”的表语。故填serious。
40．句意：但在某些情况下，孩子的呼吸、皮肤和眼睛会受到严重伤害。根据语境和备选词汇可知，此处是指在某些情况下，孩子的呼吸、皮肤和眼睛会受到严重伤害；考查badly“严重地”，副词，在句中修饰“hurt”，作状语。故填badly。
41．句意：达米亚诺写道，父母应该教年幼的孩子不要把非食用的植物部分放进嘴里。根据“non-food plant parts into their mouths”和备选词汇可知，此处是指把非食用的植物放进嘴里；考查put … into…“把……放进……”，动词短语；teach sb. not to do sth.“教某人不要做某事”，所以这里应用动词不定式to put。故填to put。
42．句意：她建议父母要确保家里种植的植物在孩子周围是安全的。根据“grow … children”和备选词汇可知，此处是指在儿童周围种植的植物；考查around“在……周围”，介词。故填around。
43．B 44．A 45．C 46．D 47．A 48．B
【导语】本文通过树木和水的重要性，探讨了人类在环境保护和健康方面的认知与行为。
43．句意：不幸的是，在世界许多地方，人们还没有意识到这三种服务中的第三种是最重要的。is后跟形容词作表语。根据“man has not realized that the third of these services i”及备选词可知，此处指没意识到第三项服务的重要性。the most important“最重要的”符合语境。故填B。
44．句意： 即使政府意识到充足的树木供应的重要性，也很难说服村民认识到这一点。分析句子可知，is后应跟形容词作表语；根据“Even when a government realizes the importance of a plentiful supply of trees”和“it is … for it to persuade the villager to see this”可知，前后句意是让步关系，结合备选词可知，此处表示让村民意识到树木的重要性很难，difficult“困难的”符合语境。故填A。
45．句意： 因此，除非政府有良好的控制体系，或者能够教育人民，否则森林将会慢慢消失。根据“the forests will...disappear”可知，空处应填副词修饰动词disappear，结合备选词，此处指森林会慢慢消失，slowly“慢慢地”符合语境，故填C。
46．句意：没有多少人理解这一点，但这是事实。根据“it’s...true”可知，空处应填副词修饰形容词true，结合备选词和but表示转折，所以此处指水很重要这一点是“非常正确的”，quite“非常，很”符合语境。故填D。
47．句意： 许多人不了解人体需要多少水才能正常工作，许多人，特别是年轻人，即使在非常炎热的天气也不喝水。根据“do not drink..., even in very hot weather.”及备选词可知，此处指即使在热天喝水也不够，enough“足够”符合语境。故填A。
48．句意： 如果我们没有足够的水，我们会感到疲倦，许多人会生病。根据“we’ll feel...and many of us will get ill”及备选词可知，空处应填表示不好的感觉的形容词，tired“疲倦的”符合语境。故填B。
49．feelings 50．If 51．usually 52．clear 53．how 54．its 55．proud 56．want 57．friend’s 58．understanding
【导语】本文主要讲述了人和动物在表达情感上的共同之处。
49．句意：动物用它们的脸和身体表达他们的情感。根据下文“... they show their teeth and raise their backs, they’ re angry.”和备选词可知，此空意为“情感”；再根据空前的“Animals show their ”可知，应填动词feel的名词feeling“情感”的复数形式feelings。故填feelings。
50．句意：如果他们露出牙齿，耸起背，他们在生气。根据“they show their teeth and raise their backs”和“they’re angry”可知，两句之间是条件关系，应用if“如果”引导条件状语从句，句首首字母大写。故填If。
51．句意：当你看着他们时，你通常可以分辨出他是否开心、生气还是紧张。分析句子结构和备选词可知，应填形容词usual的副词形式usually“通常”，作状语。故填usually。
52．句意：我们不总是需要语言，因为肢体语言是清晰的。根据“We do not always need words”和备选词可知，此处表示肢体语言可以清晰地表达动物和人的感情，不总是需要再用语言。所以填形容词clear“清晰的”，作表语。故填clear。
53．句意：我们可以看看我们的宠物，看看动物和人类的肢体语言有多接近。分析句子结构和备选词可知，应填how“多么”，引导宾语从句。故填how。
54．句意：当猫感到自信时，它会站得很高，把鼻子伸到空中。分析句子结构和备选词可知，应填人称代词it的形容词性物主代词形式its“它的”，作定语，修饰名词nose。故填its。
55．句意：人类感到自豪时也会做同样的事情。根据前文“When a cat is feeling confident, it will stand very tall and put ... nose into the air.”和“Humans do the same thing”以及备选词可知，此空意为“自豪的”。所以填形容词proud“自豪的”，作表语。故填proud。
56．句意：例如，孩子们想要东西时经常把手放在一起。根据下文“Monkeys use the same gesture as a way to ask for food from other members of their group.”和备选词可知，此空意为“想要”。want“想要”，根据“children often put their hands together”可知，从句也用一般现在时，主语they是复数，所以用原形。故填want。
57．句意：作为问候，猴子会抚摸它们朋友的手。分析句子结构和备选词可知，应填名词friend的名词所有格形式friend’s“朋友的”，作定语，修饰名词hand。故填friend’s。
58．句意：所以你看到，我们可以通过理解动物手势学到很多。根据前文叙述和备选词可知，此空意为“理解”；by dong sth“通过做某事”。所以填动词understand“理解”的动名词形式understanding。故填understanding。
59．However 60．on the Internet 61．almost 62．do sports 63．health 64．spend 65．two 66．together 67．housework 68．magazines
【导语】本文主要讲述了李锋之前有些不好的习惯，导致他健康欠佳，他下定决心改掉这些坏习惯，现在他很健康。
59．句意：然而，在过去他有一些坏习惯。前后两句是转折，however“然而”符合语境，首字母要大写。故填However。
60．句意：他喜欢熬夜，晚上他通常在网上玩电脑游戏。根据“he usually played computer games…”可知，他经常在网上玩游戏，on the Internet“在网上”符合语境。故填on the Internet。
61．句意：他非常喜欢吃糖果，几乎每天都吃。根据“he…ate them every day”可知他喜欢糖果，几乎每天都吃，almost“几乎”符合语境。故填almost。
62．句意：虽然他的父母让他做运动，他从来不听。根据上文“And he didn’t exercise. Although (尽管) his parents asked him to do sports, he never listened.”可知，他不运动，他父母让他做运动，do sports“做运动”符合语境。故填do sports。
63．句意：他的父母很担心他的健康，所以他们把他送到了医院。根据“so they took him to the hospital”可知，David的父母担心他的健康，形容词性物主代词his后加名词health“健康”。故填health。
64．句意：我会尽量少花点时间玩电脑游戏。spend time doing sth.“花费时间做某事”，try to do sth“尽量做某事”。故填spend。
65．句意：我会早起，每周至少锻炼两次。根据“...a week”可知是一周两次，twice“两次”。故填twice。
66．句意：此外，我会和父母一起做家务。根据“I will do the housework with my parents...”可知，David决定要和父母一起做家务，together“一起”符合语境。故填together。
67．句意：晚餐后，他经常帮助父母做家务。根据上文“I will do the housework with my parents”可知，帮助父母做家务，housework“家务”，不可数名词。故填housework。
68．句意：他还喜欢在空闲时间阅读一些英文杂志，如《时代》杂志。根据“such as Time”可知，他在空闲时间喜欢看一些英文杂志，magazine“杂志”，some后用复数形式。故填magazines。
69．getting 70．young 71．even 72．helps 73．advice 74．screen 75．enjoy 76．best 77．If 78．person 79．without
【导语】本文主要介绍了年轻人可以通过一些方法来增加锻炼，以保持健康。
69．句意：他们变得越来越重。根据“ They’re ... very heavy”及所给单词可知，此处是指他们变得非常重，get“变得”，此处用现在分词与are构成现在进行时，故填getting。
70．句意：一项研究表明，97%的年轻人需要更多的锻炼。根据“Many young people aren’t as healthy as they were before.”及所给单词可知，此处是指年轻人，young people“年轻人”。故填young。
71．句意：你在学校可能会学得更好。根据“learn better at school”及所给单词可知，此处修饰动词learn，用副词even“甚至”。故填even。
72．句意：其次，锻炼有助于你的身体。根据“Second, exercise...with your body.”及所给单词可知，此处是指锻炼有助于你的身体，help“帮助”符合语境，主语是exercise，谓语动词用三单形式。故填helps。
73．句意：以下是一些关于让年轻人多做运动的好建议。根据“Here is some good...on making young people do more exercise.”及所给单词可知，此处是指一些好建议，advice“建议”符合语境，不可数名词。故填advice。
74．句意：远离屏幕。根据“Doctors call the time of watching TV or playing computer games screen time.”及所给单词可知，此处是指远离屏幕，screen“屏幕”符合语境。故填screen。
75．句意：然后你会更享受你的生活。根据“Then you will...your life more.”及所给单词可知，此处是指更享受你的生活，enjoy“享受”符合语境，will后跟动词原形。故填enjoy。
76．句意：兴趣是最好的老师。根据“Interest is the...teacher.”及所给单词可知，此处是指兴趣是最好的老师，good的最高级是best。故填best。
77．句意：如果你喜欢它们，你可以和别人一起玩。根据“...you like them, you can play them with others.”及所给单词可知，此处是指如果你喜欢它们，if“如果”符合语境，引导条件状语从句，句首字母大写。故填If。
78．句意：找一个你信任的朋友或人与你一起锻炼。根据“Find a friend or a...you trust to exercise with you.”及所给单词可知，此处是指找一个你信任的朋友或人，person“人”符合语境。故填person。
79．句意：更重要的是，和别人一起跑步会鼓励你坚持跑步，不会轻易放弃。根据“running with others will encourage you to keep on running...giving up easily.”及所给单词可知，此处是指不会轻易放弃，without“没有”符合语境。故填without。
80．heavier 81．doctor 82．exercise 83．got 84．After 85．healthy 86．carefully 87．an 88．never 89．me
【导语】本文主要介绍作者帮助妈妈锻炼减肥的事情。
80．句意：自从她搬到城里和我们一起住以来，她比以前胖多了。根据“much...than before”可知需填比较级，备选词heavy意为“重的，胖的”符合语境，其比较级为 heavier。故填heavier。
81．句意：所以我不得不带她去看医生。根据“The doctor asked her”可知是指看医生，备选词doctor“医生”符合语境。故填doctor。
82．句意：医生让她通过每天锻炼来减肥。根据“I told her that I would exercise with her every morning.”可知是通过锻炼减肥，do exercise“锻炼”，故填exercise。
83．句意：第一天早上，她起得很早，和我一起在公园里跑步。固定短语get up表示“起床”，结合后句可知本句是一般过去时，动词用过去式got。故填got。
84．句意：跑了几分钟后，我告诉她正确的运动方式和吃东西的重要性。根据“running for some minutes, I told her the right ways of exercise”可知应该是跑了几分钟之后，备选词after“在……之后”符合语境，句首字母大写。故填After。
85．句意：跑了几分钟后，我告诉她正确的运动方式和吃健康食品的重要性。根据上文妈妈需要减肥以及要锻炼，可知此处是吃健康的食物。备选词health是名词，其形容词形式healthy意为“健康的”符合语境，修饰名词“food”。故填healthy。
86．句意：她认真地听我说。修饰动词“listened”需用副词，备选词careful的副词形式carefully“认真地”符合语境。故填carefully。
87．句意：在我的帮助下，锻炼已经成为她日常生活中重要的一部分。“important”是以元音音素开头的单词，“an important part” 意为“一个重要部分”。故填an。
88．句意：我永远不会担心我的健康。根据“Exercise brings health and happiness to me.”可知运动会带来健康和快乐，所以应该是永远不担心自己的健康的了，备选词never“从不”符合语境。故填never。
89．句意：她的话深深地打动了我。根据“Her words touched...deeply.”可知，妈妈的话触动了作者，备选词I的宾格形式me在此处作宾语。故填me。
90．surprised 91．herself 92．once 93．because 94．losing 95．performance 96．lives 97．everyone 98．to find 99．healthily
【导语】文章通过贾玲减肥的故事告诉我们：我们应该做些什么来真正爱自己。
90．句意：人们对贾玲在电影中减掉50公斤的体重感到惊讶。根据“by Jia Ling’s weight loss of 50 kilograms in the movie”备选词可知，此处表示人们对她减肥50公斤感到惊讶。be surprised by“对……惊讶”，所以填surprise的形容词形式surprised“感到惊讶的”。故填surprised。
91．句意：这部电影是关于一个女人的变化，她叫乐颖，她逐渐学会了爱自己。根据下文“Jia said that this movie isn’t about boxing or ... weight, but is a touching story about “learning to love yourself”.”和备选词可知，此处是指乐颖学会爱自己。应填she的反身代词形式herself“她自己”，作动词love 的宾语。故填herself。
92．句意：YOLO代表“你只活一次”。根据下一句“It means ‘life is short, so make the most of it’.”和备选词可知，此处是指你只活一次。once“一次”。故填once。
93．句意：有YOLO态度意味着你应该享受你的生活，因为你只有一次。根据“you should enjoy your life”和“you only get one”以及备选词可知，前后之间是因果关系，前果后因，应用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。
94．句意：贾说，这不是关于拳击或减肥，而是一个关于“学会爱自己”动人故事。根据上文“Jia Ling’s weight loss of 50 kilograms in the movie”和备选词可知，此处是指减肥。lose weight“减肥”，用动名词形式losing，和前面的boxing并列，作介词about的宾语。故填losing。
95．句意：贾的出色表演也为这个角色带来了深度。根据“brings depth to the character”和备选词可知，此处是指贾的出色表演。所以填perform的名词形式performance“表演”，作主语。故填performance。
96．句意：她告诉我们，每个人都可以成为自己喜欢的人，过自己美好的生活。根据“live their own wonderful”和备选词可知，此处表示过自己美好的生活。life“生活”，根据“their”可知，应用复数。故填lives。
97．句意：然而，并不是每个人都能像贾那样成功减肥。根据“However”和备选词可知，此处表示并不是每个人都能像贾那样成功减肥。everyone“每个人”，作主语。故填everyone。
98．句意：而且，减肥并不是找到真实自我和爱自己的唯一途径。根据空后的“your true self”和备选词可知，此处是指找到真实的自我。find“找到、发现”，the way to do sth.“做某事的途径”。故填to find。
99．句意：健康饮食和多运动对你的健康有好处。根据下文“are good for your health”和备选词可知，此处是指健康饮食。应填health的副词形式healthily“健康地”，作状语，修饰动词Eating。故填healthily。
100．hearts 101．noticed 102．like 103．but 104．fight 105．newer 106．practising 107．own 108．healthily 109．none
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了早期的和最新的迪士尼卡通电影中，公主角色的变化，说明迪士尼发现拥有内在美比仅仅拥有漂亮的外表更有价值。
100．句意：电影中的公主赢得了许多男孩和女孩的心。根据“The princesses (公主们) in the movies have won the... of many boys and girls.”及备选词可知，空处填名词，heart“心”，电影中的公主赢得了许多男孩和女孩的心，此处名词应用复数形式，故填hearts。
101．句意：然而，你注意到迪士尼公主们正在改变吗？根据have及句意可知，此句是现在完成时has/have done，notice“看到，注意到”，故填noticed。
102．句意：在早期的迪士尼卡通电影中，像白雪公主和灰姑娘这样的公主通常都很美丽善良，但她们必须在别人的帮助下摆脱困境，找到幸福。根据“princesses...Snow White and Cinderella”可知，空处是举例子，like“像，比如”，故填like。
103．句意：在早期的迪士尼卡通电影中，像白雪公主和灰姑娘这样的公主通常都很美丽善良，但她们必须在别人的帮助下摆脱困境，找到幸福。结合语境可知前后两句是转折关系，故填but。
104．句意：现在很多女孩都知道她们必须为自己的幸福而奋斗。have to情态动词，后跟动词原形；fight for“为……而斗争”，故填fihgt。
105．句意：因此，新电影中的公主们不仅长得好看。根据“in its much...movies”可知，空处填形容词的比较级。new“新的”，newer比较级，故填newer。
106．句意：她每天都在练习射箭、骑马和体验世界。spend time doing sth“花时间做某事”，practising“练习”，故填practising。
107．句意：她只想为自己的生活做决定。根据“She just wants to decide for her...life”可知，为自己的生活做决定。own“自己的”，故填own。
108．句意：迪士尼有他们“成为现代公主的新想法”，比如照顾他人；健康生活；相信自己，勇敢面对。live动词，用副词修饰，healthy“健康的”，healthily副词，故填healthily。
109．句意：没有一个是关于公主的长相。根据“ Anyway, one’s inner beauty ( 内在美 ) is more valuable.”可知，此处指的是没有一个，none of“没有”，故填none。
110．However 111．greatest 112．like 113．gave 114．Suddenly 115．surprised 116．villagers 117．training 118．seriously 119．made
【导语】本文是电影《摔跤吧！爸爸》的故事情节，也是一个真实的故事，讲述了曾经的摔跤冠军Mahavir Phogat培养两个女儿成为女子摔跤冠军，打破印度传统的励志故事。
110．句意：然而，印度摔跤手Mahavir Phogat教导他的女儿们成为世界上最伟大的摔跤手。上一句“Many people may say ‘No’.”和这一句“the Indian wrestler Mahavir Phogat taught his daughters to be the”之间是转折关系；此空位于句首，还有逗号与后面的句子隔开，所以应填副词however，并且首字母需大写。故填However。
111．句意：然而，印度摔跤手Mahavir Phogat教导他的女儿们成为世界上最伟大的摔跤手。根据“in the world”可知，是三者以上之间的比较，此处指最伟大的摔跤手，所以应填形容词great的最高级greatest。故填greatest。
112．句意：这位父亲首先想要一个儿子，这样他就可以像他一样成为一名摔跤手。根据“so he could be a wrestler…him.”可知，这里是儿子就可以像他一样成为一名摔跤手，like意为 “像”。故填like。
113．句意：他几乎放弃了孩子们获得金牌的希望。根据“up the hope for his children to win gold medals.”可知，这里是放弃了孩子们获得金牌的希望，give up意为“放弃”，这里用过去式gave。故填gave。
114．句意：突然有一天，他听说他的大女儿吉塔和巴比塔摔跤打了两个男孩。根据“he heard that his older daughters Geeta and Babita beat up two boys by wrestling them.”可知，这里指突然有一天，这里用sudden的副词suddenly，句子开头，首字母大写。故填Suddenly。
115．句意：Phogat听到这个消息非常惊讶。分析句子结构可知，系动词was后面应跟形容词作表语，应填surprise的形容词形式surprised或surprising；又因为主语Phogat是人，所以要填surprised。故填surprised。
116．句意：这两个女孩甚至剪了长发，村民们都嘲笑她们。根据“Then he began to train his daughters in the small village.”可知，这里指村民们都嘲笑她们，villager意为“村民”，此处用复数villagers。故填villagers。
117．句意：训练太残酷了，女孩们一开始都很讨厌。根据上文“Day after day, they had to get up early in the morning to do exercise.”可知，此处指“训练”；由下文中的“training”可知，此处应填train的名词training。故填training。
118．句意：之后，她们认真对待训练，一步步取得了很大的进步。take ... seriously“认真对待……”，所以应填副词形式seriously。故填seriously。
119．句意：她们成功地获得了全国冠军。根据“their way to the national winners.”可知，这里是她们成功地获得了全国冠军，需用make的过去式made。故填made。
