热点话题05 核潜艇之父黄旭华
热点解读
黄旭华（1926年3月12日-2025年2月6日），曾用名黄绍强，出生于广东省汕尾市海丰县，籍贯广东省揭阳市。他是中国核潜艇研究设计专家，中国工程院院士，中国核潜艇事业的先驱者和奠基人之一。
黄旭华幼年受战事影响，辗转多地求学，大学毕业于上海交通大学。1949年加入中国共产党。1954年，他被调到上海船舶工业管理局，参加苏联援华舰船的转让制造和仿制工作。1958年，黄旭华被选中担任中国核潜艇工程副总工程师，开始隐姓埋名三十年研究核潜艇。1983年，他被任命为第一代核潜艇的总设计师。
黄旭华长期从事核潜艇研制工作，是中国第一代攻击型核潜艇和战略导弹核潜艇总设计师，开拓了中国核潜艇的研制领域。1964年，他带领团队研制出中国第一艘核潜艇，使中国成为世界上第五个拥有核潜艇的国家。1988年，他亲自上艇坐镇，随艇下潜至极限深度，开创了世界核潜艇总设计师亲自参加极限深潜试验的先例。
黄旭华获得众多荣誉，包括1978年全国科学大会奖、1985年和1996年国家科技进步特等奖、2014年获评2013年度感动中国十大人物、2019年被授予“共和国勋章”、2020年获国家最高科学技术奖等。
热点话题综合练
一、完形填空
（2025·重庆·模拟预测）Huang Xuhua is known as the “father of China’s nuclear-powered submarines (核潜艇)”. Born in Guangdong in 1926, Huang passed away 1 the age of 99 in Wuhan on Feb. 6th, 2025.
From a young age, Huang loved 2 ships and the sea. After finishing his education in shipbuilding at the Shanghai Jiao Tong University in 1949, 3 started his lifelong career (事业) in China’s ship-building industry.
In 1958, Huang was chosen to join the research team to make China’s first nuclear submarine. At that time, China had no 4 in this field. Huang and his team had to collect information from foreign newspapers and magazines. It was quite 5 to find a little piece of useful information. Sometimes the information was incomplete. However, 6 they studied all the information and two American submarine models, they finally came up with five plans.
Without computers, they used 7 tools like rulers to do calculations (计算). To make sure their work was correct, they worked in three groups and checked each other’s 8 . In 1970, China 9 built its first nuclear-powered submarine.
For many years, Huang’s name was a secret. In 1987, a magazine referred to him only by his surname. Even in his 90s, Huang still worked every day. In 2019, he was 10 the Medal of the Republic (共和国勋章). Huang’s work not only helped China become strong at sea but also encouraged many young people.
1．A．on B．in C．at D．from
2．A．watching B．drawing C．talking D．studying
3．A．she B．they C．he D．we
4．A．secret B．mistake C．experience D．plan
5．A．meaningless B．difficult C．unnecessary D．impossible
6．A．before B．after C．unless D．until
7．A．free B．long C．dangerous D．simple
8．A．results B．ideas C．points D．habits
9．A．slowly B．quietly C．hardly D．successfully
10．A．expected B．lost C．awarded D．caught
二、语法选择
（2025·陕西汉中·一模）Huang Xuhua, an outstanding Chinese scientist, left us on February 6th, 2025. Known 1 the “Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines” (中国核潜艇之父), he spent most of his life on the development of advanced technology for his country. He was born in 1926 and he 2 a secret team in 1958 to finish a special task— design China’s first nuclear submarine. At that time, 3 seemed almost impossible because of difficulties like limited resources and foreign technology blockades (封锁).
For 4 years, Huang worked tirelessly. He and other scientists did a lot of research. They often stayed up late 5 problems. Their hard work finally succeeded in 1970 when China’s first nuclear submarine was launched*. This great achievement marked a historic moment for 6 defense capabilities (防御能力).
Huang’s family knew nothing about his work for nearly 30 years. Although he missed many family events, he felt 7 to serve his country. In 2019, he 8 the Medal of the Republic, China’s highest honor for what he did.
Now, as we remember him, we understand 9 a kind of encouragement. Chinese people, especially the young, will follow his spirit. 10 story teaches us that true greatness comes from selfless dedication (奉献).
*The word “launch” means to send sth. such as a spacecraft into space or into the sky.
1．A．as B．by C．with D．of
2．A．is joining B．has joined C．joined D．will join
3．A．a task B．tasks C．the task D．task
4．A．much B．many C．few D．little
5．A．avoid B．to avoid C．solve D．to solve
6．A．China’s B．China C．china D．china’s
7．A．angry B．angrily C．proud D．proudly
8．A．gives B．gave C．is given D．was given
9．A．that his life is B．that is his life C．whether his life is D．whether is his life
10．A．his B．His C．he D．He
（2025·陕西西安·二模）Huang Xuhua, the main designer of China’s first-generation nuclear submarines (核潜艇), passed away at 1 age of 99 in Wuhan. Huang 2 his whole life on the development of China’s nuclear submarine program.
Born in Guangdong in 1926, Huang grew up during wartime. He studied shipbuilding at Shanghai Jiao Tong University and joined the Communist Party of China in 1949. In 1958, he 3 to lead a secret project: designing China’s first nuclear-powered submarine. At that time, China had no 4 in this field, and foreign countries refused to share their technology.
Huang and his team met huge challenges, and 5 collected information from newspapers and studied two American submarines. Without computers, they used simple tools like abacuses (算盘) and rulers. 6 mistakes, three groups checked every count. Although the project was stopped from 1962 to 1965 for they were short of money, 7 Huang never gave up.
Finally, in 1970, China 8 built its first nuclear submarine, becoming the fifth country in the world to do so. Huang’s name was kept secret until 1987 because the project was highly confidential (保密的). Even in his 9 ,Huang worked daily to teach young engineers and share his knowledge. He also cared about 10 to help future generations grow much more healthily. His first submarine is now displayed in a museum, and he received China’s highest honor, the Medal of the Republic, in 2019.
1．A．a B．an C．the D．/
2．A．paid B．spent C．took D．cost
3．A．choose B．chosen C．choosing D．was chosen
4．A．experience B．experiences C．experiencing D．experienced
5．A．they B．them C．their D．themselves
6．A．Avoided B．Avoiding C．Avoid D．To avoid
7．A．but B．/ C．and D．so
8．A．successful B．successfully C．success D．succeed
9．A．ninety B．ninetieth C．nineties D．nineteenth
10．A．what can he do B．what could he do C．what he can do D．what he could do
（2025·广东珠海·一模）请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳的答案。
Do you know Huang Xuhua’s story Huang Xuhua, 1 is known as the “Father of China’s Nuclear Submarine”, was born in 1926 in Haifeng County, Guangdong Province. He devoted his life to the development of China’s nuclear submarine program. Here is a story about his great contributions.
Huang Xuhua 2 from Shanghai Jiao Tong University in 1949. He 3 to join the nuclear submarine research team in 1958. Developing a nuclear submarine was 4 than anyone expected. 5 that time, China had no experience or advanced technology in this field. The research team had to work in secret and faced many challenges. 6 they didn’t have enough materials or modern equipment, Huang Xuhua worked tirelessly to achieve his dream and he never gave up. He believed that China could build 7 own nuclear submarine. In his 8 , Huang Xuhua and his team 9 developed China’s first nuclear submarine. 10 huge achievement for the country! He once said, “I am willing to dedicate my whole life to the motherland.” Huang Xuhua’s dedication and perseverance inspired many people.
1．A．whose B．which C．who
2．A．graduates B．graduated C．has graduated
3．A．was chosen B．chose C．was chose
4．A．difficult B．more difficult C．the most difficult
5．A．On B．In C．At
6．A．Because B．Although C．But
7．A．its B．it C．it’s
8．A．forty B．forties C．fortieth
9．A．success B．successful C．successfully
10．A．What a B．What an C．How
三、阅读理解
（2025·陕西西安·模拟预测）Huang Xuhua, the main designer of China’s first-generation nuclear submarines (核潜艇), passed away on February 6th, 2025, in Wuhan, Hubei. Huang was born in March 1926 in a doctor’s family in Guangdong. Growing up during the war, Huang entered Shanghai Jiao Tong University to study shipbuilding. He expected to use his knowledge to protect our country. After graduating in 1949, he joined the Communist Party of China and started his work in China’s shipbuilding industry.
Huang began working on the top-secret “09 Project” in 1958 to develop China’s first nuclear submarine and became one of its leading scientists. When he joined the project, the researchers knew nothing about it, and other countries kept the technology secret. Huang and his team worked hard to make it. In 1970, they built China’s first nuclear-powered submarine, Type 091 and China became the fifth country to have one. In 2019, he was awarded the Medal of the Republic. While some people called Huang Xuhua the “father of China’s nuclear submarines,” he said, “The development of China’s nuclear submarines was the result of team effort. I was just doing my part.”
“We are deeply sorry for his passing. But we must tell our children about Huang’s story, helping them remember history and inspiring them to fight for our country,” said a Wuhan resident (市民), who came to mourn (哀悼) Huang with his children.
1．What is the first paragraph mainly about
A．The background information of Huang Xuhua. B．The achievements of Huang Xuhua.
C．The difficulties of Huang Xuhua’s research. D．The importance of Huang Xuhua’s spirit.
2．What does “one” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A．A leading scientist. B．A nuclear-powered submarine.
C．An excellent team. D．A secret project.
3．Which of the following is the right order
①Entered Shanghai Jiao Tong University. ②Was awarded the Medal of the Republic.
③Began working on the top-secret “09 Project”. ④Developed China's first nuclear submarine.
A．④-①-③-② B．③-②-④-① C．②-③-④-① D．①-③-④-②
4．What can we learn from Huang Xuhua
A．It’s important to be famous and get awards. B．It’s everyone’s job to make China a great country.
C．It’s necessary to learn from other countries. D．It’s difficult to work as a team.
（2025·安徽铜陵·一模）Recently in Wuhan, many people holding flowers lined up at the 719 Research Institute of China Shipbuilding Industry Group (中国船舶重工集团719研究所). They were there to pay their respects to Huang Xuhua, a great hero who passed away.
Huang Xuhua was born in 1926 in Shanwei, Guangdong. When he was young, there were a lot of wars. In 1945, he entered Shanghai Jiao Tong University to study shipbuilding. He wanted to use what he learned to protect our country. After graduating in 1949, he joined the shipbuilding industry.
In 1958, Huang started working on the “09 Project”. It was a top-secret project to make China’s first nuclear submarine (核潜艇). At that time, China knew little about this technology. But Huang and his team didn’t give up. They started from the very beginning and finally succeeded. In 1988, at the age of 62, Huang bravely took part in a dangerous depth diving (潜水) test, becoming the first lead designer in the world to do so.
Because of the secret project, Huang couldn’t visit his mother for 30 years. When he finally saw her, she was very old and his father had already died. He thought being loyal (忠诚) to the country was the best way to be a best son.
Huang won many big awards in his life. Some people called him the “father of China’s nuclear submarines”, but he said the submarines were the result of everyone’s work. His story is a great model, and we should always remember him.
1．When did Huang Xuhua graduate from university
A．In 1945. B．In 1949. C．In 1958. D．In 1988.
2．What made Huang Xuhua start to study shipbuilding
A．His interest in the shape of ships. B．His family’s decision.
C．His wish to protect the country. D．His decision to win awards.
3．Why couldn’t Huang visit his mother for 30 years
A．Because he wasn’t loyal to his mother.
B．Because his mother didn’t know what he did.
C．Because he was too busy with the top-secret project.
D．Because he worked hard and forgot about his family.
4．What is the purpose of this passage
A．To describe Huang Xuhua’s family life and challenges.
B．To tell people about the difficulties of the “09 Project”.
C．To explain the development of China’s nuclear submarines.
D．To introduce Huang Xuhua’s life history and his greatness.
（2025·山东青岛·模拟预测）Huang Xuhua, a famous scientist in China, passed away at the age of 99 on February 6th in Wuhan, due to illness. Huang was known as the chief designer of China’s first nuclear submarines (核潜艇) and had received many high honors.
Huang played a key role in developing China’s first nuclear submarines, the Type 091 and Type 092, from the 1950s to the 1980s. For 30 years, his work had been a secret. In 1970, he and his team successfully launched China’s first nuclear submarine, and it performed better than the first US nuclear submarine launched in 1954.
As China’s navy started to share more information, stories about Huang and his team became widely known. People started to call him the _________.
Huang was born in Guangdong Province in 1926. He studied shipbuilding at National Chiao Tung University (now Shanghai Jiao Tong University) from 1945 to 1949. Later, he became one of the first scientists to work on China’s nuclear submarine program. In 1958, because of his excellent skills and qualities, Huang was secretly called to Beijing. For the next 30 years, he worked hard in secret on China’s nuclear submarine program. He and his team started from nothing and overcame many difficulties to build the country’s first nuclear submarine.
Huang’s life was full of achievements. From 2017 to 2020, he was awarded national-level honors three times by President Xi Jinping. In 2019, he was awarded the Medal of the Republic and in 2020, he got the highest science and technology award in China for 2019.
Huang cared a lot about the future of science and technology in China, as well as the growth of young people. He donated over 20 million yuan of his money to support scientific research, education, and the spread of scientific knowledge. He spent his whole life developing China’s nuclear submarine industry and national defense, which encourages us to try our best to make the country stronger.
1．Which one is the best to fill in the blank
A．Teacher of the Year B．Founder of Shanghai Jiao Tong University
C．Best Scientist in the World D．Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines
2．What can we know about Huang’s work on nuclear submarines
A．It was easy and quick. B．It was secret and challenging.
C．It was public and simple. D．It was boring and unimportant.
3．Which of the following statements is TRUE about Huang Xuhua’s work on China’s nuclear submarine program
A．He worked on it for only 10 years.
B．His work was publicized from the beginning.
C．He and his team successfully launched China’s first nuclear submarine in 1970.
D．He was awarded the highest science and technology award in China before the launch of the first nuclear submarine.
4．Which of the following is the right order of Huang Xuhua’s life
① Received the Medal of the Republic.
② Was called to Beijing to work on the nuclear submarine program.
③ Studied at National Chiao Tung University.
④ Launched China’s first nuclear submarine.
A．③—②—④—①B．②—③—④—① C．①—④—②—③ D．④—①—③—②
5．What can we take away from Huang Xuhua’s story and what he achieved
A．Being famous and rich is important.
B．Enjoying life and relaxing is best.
C．Working very hard for your country can lead to great things.
D．It’s good to argue with people in power.
（2025·重庆九龙坡·一模）①Huang Xuhua, a great Chinese scientist, passed away on February 6th, 2025. But his great achievements and strong spirit will always be in our hearts and continue to guide us toward a brighter future.
②Born in Guangdong Province in 1926, Huang saw the sufferings of his homeland in the war during his childhood. These painful memories pushed him to study hard, and be made up his mind to use his knowledge to make the country strong.
③In the 1950s, when China began the challenging journey of developing nuclear submarines (核潜艇). Huang Xuhua stepped up fearlessly. It was such a difficult task in China at that time. However, he and his team accepted the challenge. To keep the project secret, they cut off contact with the outside world, even from their families. Huang Xuhua had to be away from his hometown for years.
④During the design process, they met lots of challenges. Designing a nuclear reactor (反应堆), for example, was extremely difficult. China didn’t have the technology and resources for such a project, and other countries kept their technology secret. They needed to depend on their own research. Without computers, they could only use simple tools like abacuses (算盘) and rules for calculations. Another key problem was making sure the submarine’s underwater stability (稳定性). Through countless tests, they finally achieved success.
⑤In the 1970s, China’s first nuclear submarine was successfully built and tested, making China one of the few countries in the world with this technology. Huang Xuhua didn’t rest on his laurels. Instead, he continued to improve submarine technology. His hard work earned him many honors, including the “Medal of the Republic” in 2019.
⑥Now, as we remember him, we understand that his life teaches us to be brave and never give up. We, especially the younger generation, should learn from his spirit. Let’s take the responsibility, face challenges bravely, and work hard to build a stronger China, making his legacy (遗产) truly come alive.
1．According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true
A．It was very difficult to build nuclear submarines in China in the 1950s.
B．To build nuclear submarines, Huang Xuhua left his hometown for years.
C．When designing submarines, Huang Xuhua could turn to foreign experts.
D．Only a few countries in the world could build nuclear submarines in the 1970s.
2．How to understand the underlined sentence “Huang Xuhua didn’t rest on his laurels.” in the fifth paragraph
A．Huang Xuhua didn’t get enough rest because of hard work.
B．Huang Xuhua didn’t stop working after his huge success.
C．Huang Xuhua didn’t care about his own honors at all.
D．Huang Xubua didn’t want to give up his job as a designer.
3．From the passage, we can know that Huang Xuhua is ________.
A．kind and strong-minded B．selfless and hard-working
C．independent and easy-going D．clever and warm-hearted
4．What may be the best structure of the passage
A． B． C． D．
（2025·重庆·一模）Huang Xuhua is a remarkable figure in China’s history of national defense. He is widely known as the “Father of China’s Nuclear-powered Submarines”.
In the 1950s, China faced great challenges in national defense. To strengthen the country’s naval power, Huang Xuhua dedicated himself to the research and development of nuclear-powered submarines. At that time, the research conditions were extremely difficult. There was a lack of advanced technology and experience, and the international community imposed strict technological blockades. But Huang Xuhua and his team did not give up.
They spent countless days and nights in the laboratory and on the construction site. Huang Xuhua often worked around the clock, sacrificing his personal time and family life. Through their unremitting efforts, in 1970, China’s first nuclear-powered submarine was successfully launched. This was a huge milestone in China’s naval development, greatly enhancing China’s national defense capabilities.
Huang Xuhua’s contributions are not only limited to the successful development of nuclear-powered submarines. He also trained a large number of outstanding scientific and technological talents for China. His spirit of dedication, perseverance, and innovation has inspired generations of Chinese people. Even in his later years, he still cares about the development of China’s submarine technology and is always ready to offer his wisdom and experience.
1．Why is Huang Xuhua called the “Father of China’s Nuclear-powered Submarines”
A．Because he was the first to propose the idea of building nuclear-powered submarines.
B．Because he made great contributions to the research and development of China’s nuclear-powered submarines.
C．Because he was the leader of the international submarine research team.
D．Because he designed the most advanced nuclear-powered submarines in the world.
2．What difficulties did Huang Xuhua and his team face in the 1950s
A．They had too much advanced technology to choose from.
B．There was a lack of technology and experience, and they faced international technological blockades.
C．They didn’t have enough workers to build the submarines.
D．The government didn’t support their research work.
3．When was China’s first nuclear-powered submarine successfully launched
A．In the 1950s. B．In 1970. C．In his later years. D．In the 1960s.
4．What can we learn from Huang Xuhua
A．We should only focus on our personal interests.
B．We should give up easily when facing difficulties.
C．We should have the spirit of dedication, perseverance, and innovation.
D．We should not care about the development of our country.
（2025·黑龙江哈尔滨·模拟预测）Huang Xuhua, a great hero in China, died on February 6, 2025. 1 When he was young, he saw the Japanese army’s attacks (袭击) and decided to give up his dream of being a doctor to work on ship—building and planes. 2
Huang Xuhua dedicated (奉献) his life to developing China's first-generation (代) nuclear submarines (核潜艇) . His work was top secret, and he had to hide who he was for over thirty years. 3 He missed the last chance to see his father and brother.
Huang and his team faced many problems. They didn’t have modern tools like computers, so they used counting boards and rulers to work out thousands of facts and numbers. In 1970, China’s first nuclear-attack submarine was tested, and it entered service in 1974. 4 In 1988, he bravely took part in the deep-diving test of the nuclear submarine, which was very dangerous.
Even at the age of 93, he still worked hard at the research center, sharing his knowledge with young researchers. 5 His spirit of loving the country and never giving up will always inspire us.
根据短文内容，将下面句子还原到文中空白处，使短文内容完整，通顺（每个选项只能用一次，有一个选项是多余的）。
A．China became the fifth country to have a nuclear submarine.
B．He was born in 1926 in Guangdong Province.
C．Everybody knew who he was and where he was.
D．Huang Xuhua is a true hero.
E．This decision changed his life way.
F．During this time, he couldn’t even visit his family.
（2025·新疆喀什·一模）根据短文内容，判断下面各小题的正 (T) 误 (F) 。
Huang Xuhua, known as the “Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines (核潜艇)”, died on February 6th, 2025. But his great achievements and strong spirit will always stay in our hearts.
Huang Xuhua was born in Guangdong Province in 1926. When he was young, he saw the hard times of his country under foreign attacks, which made him study hard. He made a promise to make the country strong with his knowledge.
In the 1950s, it was very hard for China to develop nuclear submarines because there was not much technology or resources. But he and his team took on this challenge. They worked in secret, away from their families. Without computers, they used simple tools like abacuses (算盘) and rulers to do their work. After many tests, in the 1970s, China’s first nuclear submarine was built and tested successfully. This made China one of the few countries with this technology. Huang Xuhua kept working on the development of submarine technology and got the “Medal of the Republic (共和国)” in 2019.
His story inspires (激励) young people to learn from his spirit. Let’s take on the responsibility, face challenges bravely, and work hard to make China stronger.
1．Huang Xuhua was born in Guangdong Province in 1926.
2．Huang Xuhua wanted to make the country strong when he was young.
3．In the 1950s, it was easy for China to develop nuclear submarines.
4．Huang Xuhua and his team used computers to do their work when developing nuclear submarines.
5．China’s first nuclear submarine was built and tested successfully in the 1950s.
四、任务型阅读
（2025·辽宁大连·模拟预测）阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。
The Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines (核潜艇)—Huang Xuhua
Huang Xuhua, a great Chinese scientist, passed away on February 6th, 2025. But his amazing actions and strong spirit will always stay in our hearts and keep guiding China’s future.
Born in Guangdong Province in 1926, Huang saw his country had a very hard time under foreign attacks when he was young. These sad memories made him study hard, promising to use his knowledge to make his country stronger.
In the 1950s, when China started the difficult task of building nuclear submarines, Huang Xuhua stepped in without fear. Without advanced (先进的) technology or enough support, the task felt almost impossible. But he and his team took the challenge. To keep the project secret, they stopped talking to people outside, even their families. Huang Xuhua didn’t go back to his hometown for many years.
While designing, they faced many problems. For example, designing a nuclear reactor (反应堆) was very hard. Without help from other countries, they had to do their own research. Using basic tools like calculators and rulers, they worked hard to calculate (计算) and test. Another big problem was making sure the submarine stayed stable (稳定的) underwater. After many tries and tests, they slowly solved these problems.
Finally, in the 1970s, China’s first nuclear submarine was built and tested successfully, making China one of the few countries with this ability. Huang Xuhua didn’t stop there and he kept helping to improve submarine technology. His hard work brought him many awards, including the “Medal of the Republic” in 2019.
Now, as we remember him, we see that his life is encouraging. We, especially the younger people, should learn from his spirit. Let’s take his place, face challenges bravely, and work hard to make China stronger, keeping his spirit alive.
1．What was Huang Xuhua
2．Why did Huang decide to work hard for a stronger China when he was young
3．How did Huang’s work influence China
4．What can we learn from Huang Xuhua Write 30 words or more.
（24-25九年级下·湖南长沙·阶段练习）阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
Huang Xuhua, an outstanding Chinese scientist, is widely known as the “Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines” (核潜艇). He was born on March 12, 1926, in Guangdong, In his early years, China was in a mess. Japanese planes often made cruel attacks on Chinese cities, and their warships landed on Chinese beaches, causing huge losses. These hardships deeply influenced Huang Xuhua, deeply planting the seed of serving his country in his heart. He made up his mind to study shipbuilding, believing that it was the key to making China stronger.
Building Chin’s first nuclear submarines was a very challenging and highly secret project. For more than 30 years, Huang Xuhua was kept away from his family. He couldn’t attend his children’s first steps, their school graduations, or spend precious festivals with his parents. Whenever he thought of his family, a strong feeling of guilt (愧疚) would hit him, but his sense of duty to the country always won out.
The working environment was not good at all. Without modern computers, Huang and his team had to use simple abacuses (算盘) to do difficult figuring. Day after day, they studied carefully figures, facing a lot of problems. However, their hard work finally produced fruits. In 1970, China’s first nuclear attack submarine, Long March No.1, was ready for sea tests and entered service in 1974, making China the fifth country in the world to own this powerful weapon.
In 1988, at the age of 62, Huang Xuhua joined the submarine’s first deep—diving test, a task full of risks. Even in his later years, he still went to the research center often, hope to pass on his knowledge and experience to the young people. His story is a powerful reminder that we should always run after our dreams and give our time and energy to our country, no matter how many difficulties lie ahead.
1．When was Huang Xuhua born
2．Why couldn’t Huang Xuhua go home for over 30 years
3．Did Huang Xuhua’s team use many tools for math problems
4．When did Long March No.1 start trials and work
5．How do you like Huang Xuhua
（24-25九年级下·湖南长沙·期中）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
Huang Xuhua, widely known as the father of China’s nuclear submarine (核潜艇), died at 99 on February 6, 2025. Born in Guangdong in 1926, he experienced foreign aggression (侵略) in his childhood, which inspired him to study hard and use his knowledge to make the country stronger.
In the 1950s, China started to develop nuclear submarines, a tough task because of limited technology and resources. However, Huang and his team were not afraid. They took on this challenge. To keep the project secret, they didn’t contact the outside world, not even their families.
During the design of the nuclear submarine, they met many difficulties. For example, designing a nuclear reactor (核反应堆) was really hard. They couldn’t get help from foreign experts, so they had to do research independently. They used simple tools like abacuses (算盘) and slide-rules (滑尺) to calculate and do experiments carefully. At last, in the 1970s, China’s first nuclear submarine was built and tested successfully. China became one of the countries that could make nuclear submarines. Huang Xuhua didn’t stop. He kept working on improving submarine-making technology. Because of his hard work, he won many honors. In 2019, he got the “Medal of the Republic”.
Now, when we think of him, we know his life can inspire us. We, especially the young people, should learn from his spirit. Let’s take on the responsibility, face challenges bravely and work hard to make China stronger. In this way, his spirit will live on.
1．What was Huang Xuhua widely known as
2．Why did Huang Xuhua and his team cut off contact with the outside world
3．How did Huang Xuhua’s team do research without foreign help
4．Did Huang Xuhua stop working after the success of the first nuclear submarine
5．What can you learn from Huang Xuhua
（2025·吉林长春·一模）Huang Xuhua, a famous scientist in China, passed away at the age of 99 on February 6th in Wuhan, because of illness. Huang was known as the designer of China’s first nuclear submarines (核潜艇) and had received many high honors.
Huang played a key role in developing China’s first nuclear submarines, the Type 09I and Type 09II, from the 1950s to the 1980s. For 30 years, his work had been a secret. In 1970, he and his team successfully put China’s first nuclear submarine into water, and it performed better than the first US nuclear submarine which was put into water in 1954.
As China’s navy (海军) started to share more information, stories about Huang and his team became widely known. People started to call him the Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines.
Huang was born in Guangdong Province in 1926. He studied shipbuilding at National Chiao Tung University (now Shanghai Jiao Tong University) from 1945 to 1949. Later, he became one of the first scientists to work on China’s nuclear submarine program. In 1958, because of his excellent skills and qualities, Huang was secretly called to Beijing. For the next 30 years, he worked hard in secret on China’s nuclear submarine program. He and his team started from nothing and overcame many difficulties to build the country’s first nuclear submarine.
Huang’s life was full of achievements. From 2017 to 2020, he was awarded (授予) national-level honors three times by President Xi Jinping, In 2019, he was awarded the Medal of the Republic, and in 2020, he got the highest science and technology award in China for 2019.
Huang cared a lot about the future of science and technology in China, as well as the growth of young people. He gave over 20 million yuan of his money to support scientific research, education, and the spread of scientific knowledge. He spent his whole life developing China’s nuclear submarine industry and protecting our country, which encourages us to try our best to make the country stronger.
根据短文内容，回答下列问题。
1．What was Huang known as
2．How long had Huang’s work been a secret
3．Why was Huang Xuhua secretly called to Beijing in 1958
4．How many times was Huang awarded national-level honors from 2017 to 2020
5．What did Huang care about in China
五、短文填空
（2025·湖北武汉·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，根据上下文或括号内单词等提示，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号的单词的适当形式。
On February 6th, 2025, an outstanding Chinese scientist left us. Huang Xuhua, known 1 the “Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines,” 2 (spend) his life making his country stronger. Born in 1926 in Guangdong, he saw China’s difficulties when he was young and decided to serve the country through science.
In 1958, Huang 3 (choose) to help develop China’s first nuclear submarine. For the next 30 years, he and his team started from nothing and 4 (overcome) many difficulties to build the country’s first nuclear submarine. In the 1970s, China’s first nuclear submarine was built and tested 5 (success). As a result, China became one of the 6 (country) that could make nuclear submarines. But Huang didn’t stop.
Even as an old man, Huang kept working to improve submarine technology. At the age of 90, he still went to his office every day. In 2019, he won China’s 7 (high) honor, the Republic Medal, but gave 8 his prize money to help students and scientists.
Huang Xuhua’s story reminds us that real heroes don’t always seek fame. Like a submarine 9 (hide) beneath (在……下方) the waves, he quietly protected his country for many years. Today, his example inspires many people to work hard, love our nation, and turn small dreams into big achievements. As he once said, “The future belongs to young people 10 connect their hearts to China’s growth.” Let’s carry forward his spirit— because every effort, no matter how small, can shape our nation’s destiny.
六、选词填空
（2025·山东泰安·一模）根据短文内容，用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使文章通顺、完整，每词限用一次。
as high achieve know difficulty for especially succeed pride develop
Huang Xuhua: A Hero of Nuclear Submarines
Huang Xuhua, an outstanding Chinese scientist, left us on February 6th, 2025. 1 as the “ Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines” (中国核潜艇之父), he devoted his life to the 2 of advanced technology for his country. Born in 1926, he joined a secret team in1958 to design China’s first nuclear submarine. At that time, the task seemed almost impossible because of 3 like limited (受限的) resources and foreign technology blockades (封镜).
4 many years, Huang worked tirelessly. He and other scientists did a lot of research, often staying up late to solve problems. They finally 5 in 1970 when China’s first nuclear submarine was launched (发射). This great 6 marked a historic moment for China’s defense capabilities (防御能力).
Huang’s family knew nothing about his work for nearly 30 years. Although he missed many family events, he felt 7 to serve his country. In 2020, he was honored with the Medal of the Republic. China’s 8 honor for his extraordinary contributions (杰出贡献).
Now, 9 we remember him, we understand that his life is a source of inspiration. Chinese people, 10 the younger generation, will inherit his spirit. His story teaches us that true greatness comes from selfless dedication (奉献).
（2025·陕西西安·三模）用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。 (每个单词限用一次。每空只填一个单词。)
secret simple expect China five scientist born he graduate final
Huang Xuhua, the main designer of China’s first-generation nuclear submarines (核潜艇), passed away on February 6th, 2025, in Wuhan, Hubei.
Huang was 1 in March 1926 in a doctor’s family in Guangdong. Growing up during the war, Huang entered Shanghai Jiao Tong University to study shipbuilding. He 2 to use his knowledge to protect the country. After 3 in 1949, he joined the Communist Party of China and started his work in 4 shipbuilding industry.
Huang began working on the top secret “09 Project” in 1958 to develop China’s first nuclear submarine and became one of its leading 5 . When he joined the project, China had no basic conditions for this high-tech work. The researchers got little knowledge about it, and other countries kept the technology 6 . Huang and his team tried very hard to make it. In 1970, they built China’s first nuclear-powered submarine, Type 091. China became the 7 country to have one. Huang couldn’t visit his mother for over 30 years until that moment. When he 8 visited her in the late 1980s, she was in her 90s. And his father passed away. During his life, Huang earned many awards for his hard work. While some media called 9 the “father of China’s nuclear submarine,” Huang said, “China’s nuclear submarines were the result of collective (共同的) effort. I was 10 doing my duty.”
“We are sorry for his passing. But we must tell our children about Huang’s story, helping them remember history and inspiring them to fight for our country,” said a Wuhan resident (市民), who came to mourn (哀悼) Huang with his children.
（2025·陕西渭南·一模）用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。（每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单词。）
well award wide he million ill work care (v.) be country
Do you know who the old man is in the picture As China’s navy (海军) started to share more information, stories about Huang Xuhua and his team became 1 known. People started to call 2 the “Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines (核潜艇)”
Huang Xuhua was born in Guangdong Province in 1926 and left us on February 6th, 2025 in Wuhan, because of a(n) 3 . He studied shipbuilding at National Chiao Tung University from 1945 to 1949. Later, he became one of the first scientists to 4 on China’s nuclear submarine program. In 1958, Huang 5 secretly called to Beijing for his excellent skills and qualities. For the next 30 years, he had worked hard on China’s nuclear submarine program. He and his team started from nothing and overcame (克服) many difficulties to build the 6 first nuclear submarine.
Huang’s life was full of achievements. From 2017 to 2020, he was 7 national-level honors three times by President Xi Jinping. In 2019, he was awarded the Medal of the Republic. And in 2020, he got the highest science and technology award in China for 2019.
Huang 8 a lot about the future of science and technology in China, as well as the growth of young people. He gave away over twenty 9 yuan of his money to support scientific research, education, and the spread of scientific knowledge. He spent his whole life developing China’s nuclear submarine industry, which encourages us to try our 10 to make the country stronger.
（24-25九年级下·河南·开学考试）阅读短文，从方框中选择合适的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
honor high achieve team difficulty research especial succeed proud develop
Huang Xuhua: A Hero of Nuclear Submarines
Huang Xuhua, an outstanding Chinese scientist, left us on February 6th, 2025. Known as the “Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines” (中国核潜艇之父), he devoted his life to the 1 of advanced technology for his country. Born in 1926, he joined a secret 2 in 1958 to design China’s first nuclear submarine. At that time, the task seemed almost impossible because of 3 like limited resources and foreign technology blockades.
For many years, Huang worked tirelessly. He and other scientists did a lot of 4 , often staying up late to solve problems. Their hard work finally 5 in 1970 when China’s first nuclear submarine was launched (发射). This great 6 marked a historic moment for China’s defense capabilities.
Huang’s family knew nothing about his work for nearly 30 years. Although he missed many family events, he felt 7 to serve his country. In 2020, he was 8 with the Medal of the Republic, China’s 9 honor for his extraordinary contributions (杰出贡献).
Now, as we remember him, we understand that his life is a source of inspiration. Chinese people, 10 the younger generation, will inherit his spirit. His story teaches us that true greatness comes from selfless dedication (奉献).
七、书面表达
1．（2021·广东深圳·二模）“中国核潜艇之父”黄旭华院士(academician)，是央视王牌节目《开讲啦》开播以来最年长的演讲者。假设你是校英文报的编辑，请你根据以下提示，写一篇人物介绍以宣扬黄院士的先进事迹。
人生经历 1926年出生于广东一家庭富裕，早年学医，后由于祖国需要改学建造核潜艇
主要贡献 曾隐姓埋名30年，坚持研究和建造核潜艇，被称为“中国核潜艇之父”
个人品质 勤学上进,坚韧不屈，热爱祖国和人民
你的感想和收获 (自由发挥)
提示词：nuke核潜艇 cover one’s identity 隐姓埋名
要求：
1. 词数80左右,短文开头已给出,不计入总字数。
2. 文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称。
Have you ever heard of Huang Xuhua, an academician in our motherland _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________热点话题05 核潜艇之父黄旭华
热点解读
黄旭华（1926年3月12日-2025年2月6日），曾用名黄绍强，出生于广东省汕尾市海丰县，籍贯广东省揭阳市。他是中国核潜艇研究设计专家，中国工程院院士，中国核潜艇事业的先驱者和奠基人之一。
黄旭华幼年受战事影响，辗转多地求学，大学毕业于上海交通大学。1949年加入中国共产党。1954年，他被调到上海船舶工业管理局，参加苏联援华舰船的转让制造和仿制工作。1958年，黄旭华被选中担任中国核潜艇工程副总工程师，开始隐姓埋名三十年研究核潜艇。1983年，他被任命为第一代核潜艇的总设计师。
黄旭华长期从事核潜艇研制工作，是中国第一代攻击型核潜艇和战略导弹核潜艇总设计师，开拓了中国核潜艇的研制领域。1964年，他带领团队研制出中国第一艘核潜艇，使中国成为世界上第五个拥有核潜艇的国家。1988年，他亲自上艇坐镇，随艇下潜至极限深度，开创了世界核潜艇总设计师亲自参加极限深潜试验的先例。
黄旭华获得众多荣誉，包括1978年全国科学大会奖、1985年和1996年国家科技进步特等奖、2014年获评2013年度感动中国十大人物、2019年被授予“共和国勋章”、2020年获国家最高科学技术奖等。
热点话题综合练
一、完形填空
（2025·重庆·模拟预测）Huang Xuhua is known as the “father of China’s nuclear-powered submarines (核潜艇)”. Born in Guangdong in 1926, Huang passed away 1 the age of 99 in Wuhan on Feb. 6th, 2025.
From a young age, Huang loved 2 ships and the sea. After finishing his education in shipbuilding at the Shanghai Jiao Tong University in 1949, 3 started his lifelong career (事业) in China’s ship-building industry.
In 1958, Huang was chosen to join the research team to make China’s first nuclear submarine. At that time, China had no 4 in this field. Huang and his team had to collect information from foreign newspapers and magazines. It was quite 5 to find a little piece of useful information. Sometimes the information was incomplete. However, 6 they studied all the information and two American submarine models, they finally came up with five plans.
Without computers, they used 7 tools like rulers to do calculations (计算). To make sure their work was correct, they worked in three groups and checked each other’s 8 . In 1970, China 9 built its first nuclear-powered submarine.
For many years, Huang’s name was a secret. In 1987, a magazine referred to him only by his surname. Even in his 90s, Huang still worked every day. In 2019, he was 10 the Medal of the Republic (共和国勋章). Huang’s work not only helped China become strong at sea but also encouraged many young people.
1．A．on B．in C．at D．from
2．A．watching B．drawing C．talking D．studying
3．A．she B．they C．he D．we
4．A．secret B．mistake C．experience D．plan
5．A．meaningless B．difficult C．unnecessary D．impossible
6．A．before B．after C．unless D．until
7．A．free B．long C．dangerous D．simple
8．A．results B．ideas C．points D．habits
9．A．slowly B．quietly C．hardly D．successfully
10．A．expected B．lost C．awarded D．caught
【答案】
1．C 2．D 3．C 4．C 5．B 6．B 7．D 8．A 9．D 10．C
【导语】本文讲述了“中国核潜艇之父”黄旭华的生平，包括他的出生、事业成就及所获荣誉等。
1．句意：黄旭华于2025年2月6日在武汉逝世，享年99岁。
on在某一天；in在某个月份，季节，年份；at在具体时间；from自从。at the age of是固定搭配，意为“在……岁时”。故选C。
2．句意：黄旭华从小就喜欢研究船只和大海。
watching观看；drawing画画；talking交谈；studying学习，研究。根据“ships and the sea”并结合下文可知，此处指黄旭华从小就喜欢研究船只和大海。故选D。
3．句意：1949年在上海交通大学完成造船专业的学习后，他在中国造船业开启了毕生事业。
she她；they他们；he他；we我们。根据“started his lifelong career”可知，这里指代黄旭华，作句子的主语。故选C。
4．句意：那时，中国在这一领域没有经验。
secret秘密；mistake错误；experience经验；plan计划。根据“and his team had to collect information from foreign newspapers and magazines.”可知，后文提到要从外国报刊收集信息，可知是没经验。故选C。
5．句意：找到一点有用的信息都相当困难。
meaningless无意义的；difficult困难的；unnecessary不必要的；impossible不可能的。根据“Sometimes the information was incomplete.”可知，当时条件艰难，找信息很难。故选B。
6．句意：然而，在研究了所有信息和两个美国潜艇模型后，他们最终想出了五个方案。
before在……之前；after在……之后；unless除非；until直到。根据“they finally came up with five plans.”可知，这里指在研究相关信息和别国的模型之后想出方案。故选B。
7．句意：没有电脑，他们使用像尺子这样的简单工具来做计算。
free自由的；long长的；dangerous危险的；simple简单的。根据“like rulers”可知，尺子是简单工具。故选D。
8．句意：为确保工作正确，他们分成三组，互相检查结果。
results结果；ideas想法；points要点；habits习惯。根据“To make sure their work was correct”可知，此处是检查结果，以确保工作正确。故选A。
9．句意：1970 年，中国成功建造了第一艘核潜艇。
slowly缓慢地；quietly安静地；hardly几乎不；successfully成功地。根据“built its first nuclear-powered submarine”可知，这里指成功建造。故选D。
10．句意：2019 年，他被授予共和国勋章。
expected期待；lost失去；awarded授予；caught抓住。根据“the Medal of the Republic”可知，此处指被授予勋章。故选C。
二、语法选择
（2025·陕西汉中·一模）Huang Xuhua, an outstanding Chinese scientist, left us on February 6th, 2025. Known 1 the “Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines” (中国核潜艇之父), he spent most of his life on the development of advanced technology for his country. He was born in 1926 and he 2 a secret team in 1958 to finish a special task— design China’s first nuclear submarine. At that time, 3 seemed almost impossible because of difficulties like limited resources and foreign technology blockades (封锁).
For 4 years, Huang worked tirelessly. He and other scientists did a lot of research. They often stayed up late 5 problems. Their hard work finally succeeded in 1970 when China’s first nuclear submarine was launched*. This great achievement marked a historic moment for 6 defense capabilities (防御能力).
Huang’s family knew nothing about his work for nearly 30 years. Although he missed many family events, he felt 7 to serve his country. In 2019, he 8 the Medal of the Republic, China’s highest honor for what he did.
Now, as we remember him, we understand 9 a kind of encouragement. Chinese people, especially the young, will follow his spirit. 10 story teaches us that true greatness comes from selfless dedication (奉献).
*The word “launch” means to send sth. such as a spacecraft into space or into the sky.
1．A．as B．by C．with D．of
2．A．is joining B．has joined C．joined D．will join
3．A．a task B．tasks C．the task D．task
4．A．much B．many C．few D．little
5．A．avoid B．to avoid C．solve D．to solve
6．A．China’s B．China C．china D．china’s
7．A．angry B．angrily C．proud D．proudly
8．A．gives B．gave C．is given D．was given
9．A．that his life is B．that is his life C．whether his life is D．whether is his life
10．A．his B．His C．he D．He
【答案】
1．A 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．D 6．A 7．C 8．D 9．A 10．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国杰出科学家黄旭华的生平事迹，他为中国核潜艇事业做出巨大贡献，获得共和国勋章。
1．句意：作为“中国核潜艇之父”而闻名，他一生大部分时间都致力于为国家研发先进技术。
as作为；by通过；with和……一起；of……的。根据“the ‘Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines’”，可知是作为“中国核潜艇之父”闻名，be known as为固定搭配，意为“作为……而闻名”。故选 A。
2．句意：他出生于 1926 年，1958 年他加入了一个秘密团队去完成一项特殊任务——设计中国第一艘核潜艇。
is joining加入，现在进行时；has joined加入，现在完成时；joined加入，一般过去时；will join加入，一般将来时。根据“in 1958”可知，句子时态是一般过去时，要用动词过去式。故选C。
3．句意：在那个时候，由于资源有限和国外技术封锁等困难，这项任务似乎几乎是不可能的。
a task一项任务，表示泛指；tasks任务，复数；the task这项任务，表示特指；task任务。根据上文“finish a special task— design China’s first nuclear submarine.”可知，这里是特指这个任务，因此用定冠词the。故选C。
4．句意：许多年来，黄不知疲倦地工作着。
much许多，修饰不可数名词；many许多，修饰可数名词复数；few很少，修饰可数名词复数；little很少，修饰不可数名词。years是可数名词复数，根据语境，是说很多年黄努力工作，所以用many。故选B。
5．句意：他们经常熬夜去解决问题。
avoid避免，动词原形；to avoid避免，不定式；solve解决，动词原形；to solve解决，不定式。根据“stayed up late ... problems”可知熬夜是为了解决问题，用动词不定式表目的。故选D。
6．句意：这一伟大成就标志着中国防御能力的一个历史性时刻。
China’s中国的；China中国；china瓷器；china’s瓷器的。“defense capabilities”是名词，前面要用名词所有格修饰，结合语境，这里表示“中国的防御能力”，因此用China’s。故选A。
7．句意：尽管他错过了许多家庭活动，但他为能为国家服务而感到自豪。
angry生气的；angrily生气地；proud骄傲的；proudly骄傲地。felt是系动词，后接形容词作表语，根据语境，为国家服务应该是自豪的。故选C。
8．句意：2019 年，他因所做的贡献被授予共和国勋章，这是中国的最高荣誉。
gives给，一般现在时第三人称单数形式；gave给，一般过去时；is given给，一般现在时的被动语态；was given给，一般过去时的被动语态。根据“In 2019”可知时态是一般过去时，he和give之间是被动关系，要用一般过去时的被动语态。故选D。
9．句意：现在，当我们缅怀他时，我们明白他的一生就是一种鼓舞。
that his life is他的生命是；that is his life错误表达；whether his life is他的生命是否是；whether is his life错误表达。understand后接宾语从句，根据语境是要表达肯定的陈述，用that引导宾语从句来陈述“他的一生是一种鼓励”这个事实，从句要用陈述句语序。故选A。
10．句意：他的故事告诉我们，真正的伟大来自无私的奉献。
his他的；His他的；he他；He他。story是名词，前面要用形容词性物主代词修饰，且位于句首，首字母要大写。故选B。
（2025·陕西西安·二模）Huang Xuhua, the main designer of China’s first-generation nuclear submarines (核潜艇), passed away at 1 age of 99 in Wuhan. Huang 2 his whole life on the development of China’s nuclear submarine program.
Born in Guangdong in 1926, Huang grew up during wartime. He studied shipbuilding at Shanghai Jiao Tong University and joined the Communist Party of China in 1949. In 1958, he 3 to lead a secret project: designing China’s first nuclear-powered submarine. At that time, China had no 4 in this field, and foreign countries refused to share their technology.
Huang and his team met huge challenges, and 5 collected information from newspapers and studied two American submarines. Without computers, they used simple tools like abacuses (算盘) and rulers. 6 mistakes, three groups checked every count. Although the project was stopped from 1962 to 1965 for they were short of money, 7 Huang never gave up.
Finally, in 1970, China 8 built its first nuclear submarine, becoming the fifth country in the world to do so. Huang’s name was kept secret until 1987 because the project was highly confidential (保密的). Even in his 9 ,Huang worked daily to teach young engineers and share his knowledge. He also cared about 10 to help future generations grow much more healthily. His first submarine is now displayed in a museum, and he received China’s highest honor, the Medal of the Republic, in 2019.
1．A．a B．an C．the D．/
2．A．paid B．spent C．took D．cost
3．A．choose B．chosen C．choosing D．was chosen
4．A．experience B．experiences C．experiencing D．experienced
5．A．they B．them C．their D．themselves
6．A．Avoided B．Avoiding C．Avoid D．To avoid
7．A．but B．/ C．and D．so
8．A．successful B．successfully C．success D．succeed
9．A．ninety B．ninetieth C．nineties D．nineteenth
10．A．what can he do B．what could he do C．what he can do D．what he could do
【答案】
1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．A 6．D 7．B 8．B 9．C 10．D
【导语】本文讲述了中国著名科学家黄旭华的生平事迹。
1．句意：黄旭华，中国第一代核潜艇的主要设计师，在武汉去世，享年99岁。
a一个，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；the这个，那个，表示特指；/不填。at the age of“在……岁时”，固定短语。故选C。
2．句意：黄旭华将一生奉献给了中国核潜艇项目的发展。
paid支付；spent花费；took花费（时间）；cost花费（金钱）。根据“Huang ... his whole life on the development”可知，此处符合spend time on sth“花费时间在某事上”。故选B。
3．句意：1958年，他被选中领导一个秘密项目：设计中国第一艘核动力潜艇。
choose选择，动词原形；chosen选择，动词过去分词；choosing选择，动名词或现在分词；was chosen被选择，被动语态。根据“ he ... to lead a secret project”可知，主谓之间是动宾关系， 此处表示他被选中领导一个秘密课题，因此用被动语态。故选D。
4．句意：当时，中国在这一领域没有经验，且外国拒绝分享技术。
experience经验；experiences经历，名词复数；experiencing经历，动名词；experienced有经验的。根据“and foreign countries refused to share their technology. ”可知，外国拒绝分享技术，说明中国当时没有这方面的经验，根据“ China had no”可知，空处填名词；experience“经验”，不可数名词。故选A。
5．句意：黄旭华和他的团队面临了巨大的挑战，他们从报纸上收集信息，并研究了两艘美国潜艇。
they他们，主格；them他们，宾格；their他们的，形容词性物主代词；themselves他们自己。空处缺少主语，因此用代词的主格they。故选A。
6．句意：为了避免错误，三个小组检查了每一个计算结果。
Avoided避免，动词过去式；Avoiding避免，动名词或现在分词；Avoid避免，动词原形；To avoid避免，动词不定式。根据“three groups checked every count”可知，三个小组这么做的目的是为了避免错误，因此用不定式表示目的。故选D。
7．句意：尽管由于资金短缺，项目在1962年至1965年期间暂停，但黄旭华从未放弃。
but但是；/不填；and和；so因此。although引导让步状语从句中，不能同时用but。故选B。
8．句意：最终，在1970年，中国成功建造了第一艘核潜艇，成为世界上第五个做到这一点的国家。
successful成功的，形容词；successfully成功地，副词；success成功，名词；succeed成功，动词原形。空处的词修饰动词built，因此用副词。故选B。
9．句意：即使在他的晚年，黄旭华仍然每天工作，教导年轻工程师并分享他的知识。
ninety九十；ninetieth第九十；nineties九十多岁；nineteenth第十九。根据“even”可知，此处强调年龄之大，因此指九十多岁，in one’s nineties指“九十多岁”。故选C。
10．句意：他还关心自己能做些什么来帮助后代更健康地成长。
what can he do他能做什么；what could he do他过去能做什么；what he can do他能做什么（陈述句）；what he could do他过去能做什么（陈述句）。空处所填的句子是宾语从句，主句是谓语是cared，时态表示过去，因此从句的时态也用过去时，且宾语从句的语序为陈述句语序。故选D。
（2025·广东珠海·一模）请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳的答案。
Do you know Huang Xuhua’s story Huang Xuhua, 1 is known as the “Father of China’s Nuclear Submarine”, was born in 1926 in Haifeng County, Guangdong Province. He devoted his life to the development of China’s nuclear submarine program. Here is a story about his great contributions.
Huang Xuhua 2 from Shanghai Jiao Tong University in 1949. He 3 to join the nuclear submarine research team in 1958. Developing a nuclear submarine was 4 than anyone expected. 5 that time, China had no experience or advanced technology in this field. The research team had to work in secret and faced many challenges. 6 they didn’t have enough materials or modern equipment, Huang Xuhua worked tirelessly to achieve his dream and he never gave up. He believed that China could build 7 own nuclear submarine. In his 8 , Huang Xuhua and his team 9 developed China’s first nuclear submarine. 10 huge achievement for the country! He once said, “I am willing to dedicate my whole life to the motherland.” Huang Xuhua’s dedication and perseverance inspired many people.
1．A．whose B．which C．who
2．A．graduates B．graduated C．has graduated
3．A．was chosen B．chose C．was chose
4．A．difficult B．more difficult C．the most difficult
5．A．On B．In C．At
6．A．Because B．Although C．But
7．A．its B．it C．it’s
8．A．forty B．forties C．fortieth
9．A．success B．successful C．successfully
10．A．What a B．What an C．How
【答案】
1．C 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了中国核潜艇之父黄旭华的故事。
1．句意：黄旭华，被誉为“中国核潜艇之父”，1926年出生于广东省海丰县。
Whose谁的；which哪个：who谁。根据“Huang Xuhua, ...is known as..., was born in 1926 in Haifeng County, Guangdong Province.”可知，空格处所在分句为定语从句，空格处为关系词，在定语从句中作主语，先行词为人名Huang Xuhua，故用who作关系词，故选C。
2．句意：黄旭华1949年毕业于上海交通大学。
graduate毕业，第三人称单数；graduated毕业，过去式；has graduated已经毕业，用于现在完成时。根据“in 1949”可知，本句时态为一般过去时，空格处为本句谓语动词，应用过去式，故选B。
3．句意：1958年，他被选中加入核潜艇研究团队。
was chosen被选择，被动语态；chose选择，过去式；was chose语法错误。根据“He…to join the nuclear submarine research team in 1958.”可知，本句时态为一般过去时，空格处为本句谓语动词，主语为He，主语与谓语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，故选A。
4．句意：研制核潜艇比任何人预期的都要困难得多。
difficult困难的，形容词原级；more difficult更困难的，形容词比较级；the most difficult最困难的，形容词最高级。根据“than”可知，本句应用比较级，故选B。
5．句意：在那个时期，中国在这个领域没有任何经验和先进技术。
On在……上面；In在……里面；At在……时间。根据“…that time,”可知，本句考查固定搭配at that time，意为“在那时”，故选C。
6．句意：尽管他们没有足够的材料或现代化设备，黄旭华仍然努力工作以实现他的梦想，从未放弃。
Because因为；Although尽管；But但是。根据“…they didn’t have enough materials or modern equipment, Huang Xuhua worked tirelessly to achieve his dream and he never gave up.”可知，空格处所在分句为从句，且与主句之间存在“让步”关系，应用although引导让步状语从句，故选B。
7．句意：他相信中国能够建造自己的核潜艇。
its它的，形容词性物主代词；it它，人称代词主格或宾格；it’s它是。根据“China could build…own nuclear submarine.”可知，空格处应填形容词性物主代词，故选A。
8．句意：在他的40多岁的时候，黄旭华和他的团队成功地开发了中国第一艘核潜艇。
forty四十；forties四十的复数；fortieth第四十。根据“In his…”可知，本句考查固定搭配in one’s+整十数的复数，意为“在某人几十岁的时候”，故选B。
9．句意：在他的40多岁的时候，黄旭华和他的团队成功地开发了中国第一艘核潜艇。
success成功，名词；successful成功的，形容词。successfully成功地，副词。根据“Huang Xuhua and his team…developed China’s first nuclear submarine.”可知，本句句子结构完整，空格处应填副词形式，故选C。
10．句意：这是国家的巨大成就！
What a作感叹句引导词时，后接辅音音素开头的名词或名词短语；What an作感叹句引导词时，后接元音音素开头的名词或名词短语；How作感叹句引导词时，后接形容词或副词。根据空格后“huge achievement”可知，这是辅音音素开头的名词短语，故选A。
三、阅读理解
（2025·陕西西安·模拟预测）Huang Xuhua, the main designer of China’s first-generation nuclear submarines (核潜艇), passed away on February 6th, 2025, in Wuhan, Hubei. Huang was born in March 1926 in a doctor’s family in Guangdong. Growing up during the war, Huang entered Shanghai Jiao Tong University to study shipbuilding. He expected to use his knowledge to protect our country. After graduating in 1949, he joined the Communist Party of China and started his work in China’s shipbuilding industry.
Huang began working on the top-secret “09 Project” in 1958 to develop China’s first nuclear submarine and became one of its leading scientists. When he joined the project, the researchers knew nothing about it, and other countries kept the technology secret. Huang and his team worked hard to make it. In 1970, they built China’s first nuclear-powered submarine, Type 091 and China became the fifth country to have one. In 2019, he was awarded the Medal of the Republic. While some people called Huang Xuhua the “father of China’s nuclear submarines,” he said, “The development of China’s nuclear submarines was the result of team effort. I was just doing my part.”
“We are deeply sorry for his passing. But we must tell our children about Huang’s story, helping them remember history and inspiring them to fight for our country,” said a Wuhan resident (市民), who came to mourn (哀悼) Huang with his children.
1．What is the first paragraph mainly about
A．The background information of Huang Xuhua. B．The achievements of Huang Xuhua.
C．The difficulties of Huang Xuhua’s research. D．The importance of Huang Xuhua’s spirit.
2．What does “one” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A．A leading scientist. B．A nuclear-powered submarine.
C．An excellent team. D．A secret project.
3．Which of the following is the right order
①Entered Shanghai Jiao Tong University. ②Was awarded the Medal of the Republic.
③Began working on the top-secret “09 Project”. ④Developed China's first nuclear submarine.
A．④-①-③-② B．③-②-④-① C．②-③-④-① D．①-③-④-②
4．What can we learn from Huang Xuhua
A．It’s important to be famous and get awards. B．It’s everyone’s job to make China a great country.
C．It’s necessary to learn from other countries. D．It’s difficult to work as a team.
【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了中国第一代核潜艇总设计师黄旭华的生平事迹和贡献。
1．主旨大意题。根据“Huang was born in March 1926 ... he joined the Communist Party of China and started his work in China’s shipbuilding industry.”可知，本段主要介绍黄旭华的出生背景、求学经历和早期职业选择。故选 A。
2．词义猜测题。根据前文“they built China’s first nuclear-powered submarine, Type 091 and China became the fifth country to have one.”可知，这里说的是中国成为第五个拥有核动力潜艇的国家，所以“one”指代的是核动力潜艇。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据文章内容，黄旭华先进入上海交通大学学习（①），1958年开始参与绝密的 “09工程”（③），1970年研发出中国第一艘核潜艇（④），2019 年被授予共和国勋章（②），正确顺序为①-③-④-②。故选D。
4．推理判断题。根据黄旭华所言“The development of China’s nuclear submarines was the result of team effort. I was just doing my part.”及其毕生奉献核潜艇事业的事迹可知，他强调个人应为国家发展贡献力量。故选B。
（2025·安徽铜陵·一模）Recently in Wuhan, many people holding flowers lined up at the 719 Research Institute of China Shipbuilding Industry Group (中国船舶重工集团719研究所). They were there to pay their respects to Huang Xuhua, a great hero who passed away.
Huang Xuhua was born in 1926 in Shanwei, Guangdong. When he was young, there were a lot of wars. In 1945, he entered Shanghai Jiao Tong University to study shipbuilding. He wanted to use what he learned to protect our country. After graduating in 1949, he joined the shipbuilding industry.
In 1958, Huang started working on the “09 Project”. It was a top-secret project to make China’s first nuclear submarine (核潜艇). At that time, China knew little about this technology. But Huang and his team didn’t give up. They started from the very beginning and finally succeeded. In 1988, at the age of 62, Huang bravely took part in a dangerous depth diving (潜水) test, becoming the first lead designer in the world to do so.
Because of the secret project, Huang couldn’t visit his mother for 30 years. When he finally saw her, she was very old and his father had already died. He thought being loyal (忠诚) to the country was the best way to be a best son.
Huang won many big awards in his life. Some people called him the “father of China’s nuclear submarines”, but he said the submarines were the result of everyone’s work. His story is a great model, and we should always remember him.
1．When did Huang Xuhua graduate from university
A．In 1945. B．In 1949. C．In 1958. D．In 1988.
2．What made Huang Xuhua start to study shipbuilding
A．His interest in the shape of ships. B．His family’s decision.
C．His wish to protect the country. D．His decision to win awards.
3．Why couldn’t Huang visit his mother for 30 years
A．Because he wasn’t loyal to his mother.
B．Because his mother didn’t know what he did.
C．Because he was too busy with the top-secret project.
D．Because he worked hard and forgot about his family.
4．What is the purpose of this passage
A．To describe Huang Xuhua’s family life and challenges.
B．To tell people about the difficulties of the “09 Project”.
C．To explain the development of China’s nuclear submarines.
D．To introduce Huang Xuhua’s life history and his greatness.
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了中国著名科学家黄旭华的生平事迹，赞颂了他的丰功伟绩。
1．细节理解题。根据第二自然段“In 191, he entered Shanghai Jiao Tong University to study shipbuilding. ... After graduating in 1949, he joined the shipbuilding industry.”可知，他于1949年大学毕业。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据第二自然段“In 1945, he entered Shanghai Jiao Tong University to study shipbuilding. He wanted to use what he learned to protect our country.”可知，他进入上海交通大学学习造船，是希望利用所学知识来保护国家。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据第四自然段“Because of the secret project, Huang couldn’t visit his mother for 30 years.”可知，制造中国第一艘核潜艇是一个绝密项目，他为了这个项目不能去看他的母亲。故选C。
4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了中国著名科学家黄旭华的生平事迹，赞颂了他的丰功伟绩。故选D。
（2025·山东青岛·模拟预测）Huang Xuhua, a famous scientist in China, passed away at the age of 99 on February 6th in Wuhan, due to illness. Huang was known as the chief designer of China’s first nuclear submarines (核潜艇) and had received many high honors.
Huang played a key role in developing China’s first nuclear submarines, the Type 091 and Type 092, from the 1950s to the 1980s. For 30 years, his work had been a secret. In 1970, he and his team successfully launched China’s first nuclear submarine, and it performed better than the first US nuclear submarine launched in 1954.
As China’s navy started to share more information, stories about Huang and his team became widely known. People started to call him the _________.
Huang was born in Guangdong Province in 1926. He studied shipbuilding at National Chiao Tung University (now Shanghai Jiao Tong University) from 1945 to 1949. Later, he became one of the first scientists to work on China’s nuclear submarine program. In 1958, because of his excellent skills and qualities, Huang was secretly called to Beijing. For the next 30 years, he worked hard in secret on China’s nuclear submarine program. He and his team started from nothing and overcame many difficulties to build the country’s first nuclear submarine.
Huang’s life was full of achievements. From 2017 to 2020, he was awarded national-level honors three times by President Xi Jinping. In 2019, he was awarded the Medal of the Republic and in 2020, he got the highest science and technology award in China for 2019.
Huang cared a lot about the future of science and technology in China, as well as the growth of young people. He donated over 20 million yuan of his money to support scientific research, education, and the spread of scientific knowledge. He spent his whole life developing China’s nuclear submarine industry and national defense, which encourages us to try our best to make the country stronger.
1．Which one is the best to fill in the blank
A．Teacher of the Year B．Founder of Shanghai Jiao Tong University
C．Best Scientist in the World D．Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines
2．What can we know about Huang’s work on nuclear submarines
A．It was easy and quick. B．It was secret and challenging.
C．It was public and simple. D．It was boring and unimportant.
3．Which of the following statements is TRUE about Huang Xuhua’s work on China’s nuclear submarine program
A．He worked on it for only 10 years.
B．His work was publicized from the beginning.
C．He and his team successfully launched China’s first nuclear submarine in 1970.
D．He was awarded the highest science and technology award in China before the launch of the first nuclear submarine.
4．Which of the following is the right order of Huang Xuhua’s life
① Received the Medal of the Republic.
② Was called to Beijing to work on the nuclear submarine program.
③ Studied at National Chiao Tung University.
④ Launched China’s first nuclear submarine.
A．③—②—④—①B．②—③—④—① C．①—④—②—③ D．④—①—③—②
5．What can we take away from Huang Xuhua’s story and what he achieved
A．Being famous and rich is important.
B．Enjoying life and relaxing is best.
C．Working very hard for your country can lead to great things.
D．It’s good to argue with people in power.
【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了中国著名科学家黄旭华的生平事迹，特别是他在中国第一艘核潜艇研发中的关键作用及其所获得的荣誉。
1．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Huang was known as the chief designer of China’s first nuclear submarines (核潜艇) and had received many high honors.”以及全文内容，黄旭华因其在中国核潜艇研发中的关键作用而被誉为“中国核潜艇之父”。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“For 30 years, his work had been a secret.”和“He and his team started from nothing and overcame many difficulties to build the country’s first nuclear submarine.”可知，黄旭华的工作是秘密且充满挑战的。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“In 1970, he and his team successfully launched China’s first nuclear submarine”可知，黄旭华和他的团队于1970年成功地将中国第一艘核潜艇下水。故选C。
4．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“He studied shipbuilding at National Chiao Tung University (now Shanghai Jiao Tong University) from 1945 to 1949.”可知，他1945至1949在国立交通大学学习；根据文章第四段“In 1958, because of his excellent skills and qualities, Huang was secretly called to Beijing.”可知，他在1958年被秘密召至北京；根据文章第二段“In 1970, he and his team successfully launched China’s first nuclear submarine...”可知，中国第一艘核潜艇在1970年下水；根据文章第五段“In 2019, he was awarded the Medal of the Republic...”可知，他在2019年获得共和国勋章，所以正确顺序为③②④①。故选A。
5．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“He spent his whole life developing China’s nuclear submarine industry and national defense, which encourages us to try our best to make the country stronger.”可知，黄旭华的故事告诉我们：为国家努力工作可以取得伟大的成就。故选C。
（2025·重庆九龙坡·一模）①Huang Xuhua, a great Chinese scientist, passed away on February 6th, 2025. But his great achievements and strong spirit will always be in our hearts and continue to guide us toward a brighter future.
②Born in Guangdong Province in 1926, Huang saw the sufferings of his homeland in the war during his childhood. These painful memories pushed him to study hard, and be made up his mind to use his knowledge to make the country strong.
③In the 1950s, when China began the challenging journey of developing nuclear submarines (核潜艇). Huang Xuhua stepped up fearlessly. It was such a difficult task in China at that time. However, he and his team accepted the challenge. To keep the project secret, they cut off contact with the outside world, even from their families. Huang Xuhua had to be away from his hometown for years.
④During the design process, they met lots of challenges. Designing a nuclear reactor (反应堆), for example, was extremely difficult. China didn’t have the technology and resources for such a project, and other countries kept their technology secret. They needed to depend on their own research. Without computers, they could only use simple tools like abacuses (算盘) and rules for calculations. Another key problem was making sure the submarine’s underwater stability (稳定性). Through countless tests, they finally achieved success.
⑤In the 1970s, China’s first nuclear submarine was successfully built and tested, making China one of the few countries in the world with this technology. Huang Xuhua didn’t rest on his laurels. Instead, he continued to improve submarine technology. His hard work earned him many honors, including the “Medal of the Republic” in 2019.
⑥Now, as we remember him, we understand that his life teaches us to be brave and never give up. We, especially the younger generation, should learn from his spirit. Let’s take the responsibility, face challenges bravely, and work hard to build a stronger China, making his legacy (遗产) truly come alive.
1．According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true
A．It was very difficult to build nuclear submarines in China in the 1950s.
B．To build nuclear submarines, Huang Xuhua left his hometown for years.
C．When designing submarines, Huang Xuhua could turn to foreign experts.
D．Only a few countries in the world could build nuclear submarines in the 1970s.
2．How to understand the underlined sentence “Huang Xuhua didn’t rest on his laurels.” in the fifth paragraph
A．Huang Xuhua didn’t get enough rest because of hard work.
B．Huang Xuhua didn’t stop working after his huge success.
C．Huang Xuhua didn’t care about his own honors at all.
D．Huang Xubua didn’t want to give up his job as a designer.
3．From the passage, we can know that Huang Xuhua is ________.
A．kind and strong-minded B．selfless and hard-working
C．independent and easy-going D．clever and warm-hearted
4．What may be the best structure of the passage
A． B． C． D．
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了我国著名核潜艇之父黄旭华的经历。
1．细节理解题。根据“China didn’t have the technology and resources for such a project, and other countries kept their technology secret.”可知，黄旭华团队无法求助外国专家，只能自主研究。因此选项C“设计潜艇时可求助外国专家”与原文矛盾，是错误的表述。故选C。
2．词句猜测题。根据“Instead, he continued to improve submarine technology.”可知，“didn’t rest on his laurels”指黄旭华未因成功止步，而是继续钻研技术。选项B。
3．细节理解题。根据“To keep the project secret, they cut off contact with the outside world, even from their families. Huang Xuhua had to be away from his hometown for years.”以及“His hard work earned him many honors,”可知，黄旭华是无私、努力工作的，故选B。
4．篇章结构题。文章按时间顺序展开：①逝世与精神影响（总起）→②童年经历→③投身核潜艇研发→④克服技术难题→⑤成功与后续贡献→⑥总结精神遗产。选项B“总—分—总”符合文章结构。故选B。
（2025·重庆·一模）Huang Xuhua is a remarkable figure in China’s history of national defense. He is widely known as the “Father of China’s Nuclear-powered Submarines”.
In the 1950s, China faced great challenges in national defense. To strengthen the country’s naval power, Huang Xuhua dedicated himself to the research and development of nuclear-powered submarines. At that time, the research conditions were extremely difficult. There was a lack of advanced technology and experience, and the international community imposed strict technological blockades. But Huang Xuhua and his team did not give up.
They spent countless days and nights in the laboratory and on the construction site. Huang Xuhua often worked around the clock, sacrificing his personal time and family life. Through their unremitting efforts, in 1970, China’s first nuclear-powered submarine was successfully launched. This was a huge milestone in China’s naval development, greatly enhancing China’s national defense capabilities.
Huang Xuhua’s contributions are not only limited to the successful development of nuclear-powered submarines. He also trained a large number of outstanding scientific and technological talents for China. His spirit of dedication, perseverance, and innovation has inspired generations of Chinese people. Even in his later years, he still cares about the development of China’s submarine technology and is always ready to offer his wisdom and experience.
1．Why is Huang Xuhua called the “Father of China’s Nuclear-powered Submarines”
A．Because he was the first to propose the idea of building nuclear-powered submarines.
B．Because he made great contributions to the research and development of China’s nuclear-powered submarines.
C．Because he was the leader of the international submarine research team.
D．Because he designed the most advanced nuclear-powered submarines in the world.
2．What difficulties did Huang Xuhua and his team face in the 1950s
A．They had too much advanced technology to choose from.
B．There was a lack of technology and experience, and they faced international technological blockades.
C．They didn’t have enough workers to build the submarines.
D．The government didn’t support their research work.
3．When was China’s first nuclear-powered submarine successfully launched
A．In the 1950s. B．In 1970. C．In his later years. D．In the 1960s.
4．What can we learn from Huang Xuhua
A．We should only focus on our personal interests.
B．We should give up easily when facing difficulties.
C．We should have the spirit of dedication, perseverance, and innovation.
D．We should not care about the development of our country.
【答案】1．B 2．B 3．B 4．C
【导语】本文介绍了中国核潜艇之父——黄旭华在中国国防历史上的卓越贡献。
1．细节理解题。根据“To strengthen the country’s naval power, Huang Xuhua dedicated himself to the research and development of nuclear-powered submarines.”可知，黄旭华致力于核潜艇的研究和开发，所以被称为“核潜艇之父”，故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据“In the 1950s, China faced great challenges in national defense. ... There was a lack of advanced technology and experience, and the international community imposed strict technological blockades.”可知，20世纪50年代，研发面临技术经验缺乏和国际技术封锁。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据“Through their unremitting efforts, in 1970, China’s first nuclear-powered submarine was successfully launched.”可知，1970年中国第一艘核潜艇成功下水。故选B。
4．细节理解题。根据“His spirit of dedication, perseverance, and innovation has inspired generations of Chinese people.”可知，黄旭华的奉献、坚持和创新精神值得学习。故选C。
（2025·黑龙江哈尔滨·模拟预测）Huang Xuhua, a great hero in China, died on February 6, 2025. 1 When he was young, he saw the Japanese army’s attacks (袭击) and decided to give up his dream of being a doctor to work on ship—building and planes. 2
Huang Xuhua dedicated (奉献) his life to developing China's first-generation (代) nuclear submarines (核潜艇) . His work was top secret, and he had to hide who he was for over thirty years. 3 He missed the last chance to see his father and brother.
Huang and his team faced many problems. They didn’t have modern tools like computers, so they used counting boards and rulers to work out thousands of facts and numbers. In 1970, China’s first nuclear-attack submarine was tested, and it entered service in 1974. 4 In 1988, he bravely took part in the deep-diving test of the nuclear submarine, which was very dangerous.
Even at the age of 93, he still worked hard at the research center, sharing his knowledge with young researchers. 5 His spirit of loving the country and never giving up will always inspire us.
根据短文内容，将下面句子还原到文中空白处，使短文内容完整，通顺（每个选项只能用一次，有一个选项是多余的）。
A．China became the fifth country to have a nuclear submarine.
B．He was born in 1926 in Guangdong Province.
C．Everybody knew who he was and where he was.
D．Huang Xuhua is a true hero.
E．This decision changed his life way.
F．During this time, he couldn’t even visit his family.
【答案】1．B 2．E 3．F 4．A 5．D
【导语】本文介绍了黄旭华的生平事迹。
1．根据“died on February 6, 2025”及“When he was young, he saw the Japanese army’s attacks (袭击) ”可知此处介绍他的出生时间，选项B“他在1926年出生在广东省”符合语境，故选B。
2．根据“decided to give up his dream of being a doctor to work on ship—building and planes”可知介绍和他的决定变化有关，选项E“这一决定改变了他的生活方式”符合语境，故选E。
3．根据“He missed the last chance to see his father and brother”可知此处介绍他不能看望家人相关，选项F“在这期间，他甚至不能去看望家人”符合语境，故选F。
4．根据“In 1970, China’s first nuclear-attack submarine was tested, and it entered service in 1974.”可知此处介绍和中国第一艘核潜艇相关，选项A“中国成为拥有核潜艇的第五个国家”符合语境，故选A。
5．根据“Even at the age of 93, he still worked hard at the research center, sharing his knowledge with young researchers.”可知此处是对黄旭华的评价，选项D“黄旭华是一位真正的英雄”符合语境，故选D。
（2025·新疆喀什·一模）根据短文内容，判断下面各小题的正 (T) 误 (F) 。
Huang Xuhua, known as the “Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines (核潜艇)”, died on February 6th, 2025. But his great achievements and strong spirit will always stay in our hearts.
Huang Xuhua was born in Guangdong Province in 1926. When he was young, he saw the hard times of his country under foreign attacks, which made him study hard. He made a promise to make the country strong with his knowledge.
In the 1950s, it was very hard for China to develop nuclear submarines because there was not much technology or resources. But he and his team took on this challenge. They worked in secret, away from their families. Without computers, they used simple tools like abacuses (算盘) and rulers to do their work. After many tests, in the 1970s, China’s first nuclear submarine was built and tested successfully. This made China one of the few countries with this technology. Huang Xuhua kept working on the development of submarine technology and got the “Medal of the Republic (共和国)” in 2019.
His story inspires (激励) young people to learn from his spirit. Let’s take on the responsibility, face challenges bravely, and work hard to make China stronger.
1．Huang Xuhua was born in Guangdong Province in 1926.
2．Huang Xuhua wanted to make the country strong when he was young.
3．In the 1950s, it was easy for China to develop nuclear submarines.
4．Huang Xuhua and his team used computers to do their work when developing nuclear submarines.
5．China’s first nuclear submarine was built and tested successfully in the 1950s.
【答案】1．T 2．T 3．F 4．F 5．F
【导语】 本文主要讲述了被誉为“中国核潜艇之父”的黄旭华的一生及其伟大成就。
1．细节理解题。根据“Huang Xuhua was born in Guangdong Province in 1926.”可知，黄旭华于1926年生于广东省。故答案为T。
2．细节理解题。根据“When he was young, he saw the hard times of his country under foreign attacks, which made him study hard. He made a promise to make the country strong with his knowledge.”可知，黄旭华年轻时就想让国家强大起来。故答案为T。
3．细节理解题。根据“In the 1950s, it was very hard for China to develop nuclear submarines because there was not much technology or resources.”可知，在20世纪50年代，中国发展核潜艇很困难。故答案为F。
4．细节理解题。根据“Without computers, they used simple tools like abacuses (算盘) and rulers to do their work.”可知，他们没有电脑可用。故答案为F。
5．细节理解题。根据“After many tests, in the 1970s, China’s first nuclear submarine was built and tested successfully.”可知，中国第一艘核潜艇在20世纪70年代建造并测试成功。故答案为F。
四、任务型阅读
（2025·辽宁大连·模拟预测）阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。
The Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines (核潜艇)—Huang Xuhua
Huang Xuhua, a great Chinese scientist, passed away on February 6th, 2025. But his amazing actions and strong spirit will always stay in our hearts and keep guiding China’s future.
Born in Guangdong Province in 1926, Huang saw his country had a very hard time under foreign attacks when he was young. These sad memories made him study hard, promising to use his knowledge to make his country stronger.
In the 1950s, when China started the difficult task of building nuclear submarines, Huang Xuhua stepped in without fear. Without advanced (先进的) technology or enough support, the task felt almost impossible. But he and his team took the challenge. To keep the project secret, they stopped talking to people outside, even their families. Huang Xuhua didn’t go back to his hometown for many years.
While designing, they faced many problems. For example, designing a nuclear reactor (反应堆) was very hard. Without help from other countries, they had to do their own research. Using basic tools like calculators and rulers, they worked hard to calculate (计算) and test. Another big problem was making sure the submarine stayed stable (稳定的) underwater. After many tries and tests, they slowly solved these problems.
Finally, in the 1970s, China’s first nuclear submarine was built and tested successfully, making China one of the few countries with this ability. Huang Xuhua didn’t stop there and he kept helping to improve submarine technology. His hard work brought him many awards, including the “Medal of the Republic” in 2019.
Now, as we remember him, we see that his life is encouraging. We, especially the younger people, should learn from his spirit. Let’s take his place, face challenges bravely, and work hard to make China stronger, keeping his spirit alive.
1．What was Huang Xuhua
2．Why did Huang decide to work hard for a stronger China when he was young
3．How did Huang’s work influence China
4．What can we learn from Huang Xuhua Write 30 words or more.
【答案】1．He was a great Chinese scientist and the Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines. 2．Because he saw his country had a very hard time under foreign attacks when he was young. 3．His work made China one of the few countries that could build nuclear submarines and improved submarine technology in China. 4．We can learn his spirit of facing challenges bravely, working hard, and being dedicated to the country. We should keep our promises and contribute to making our country stronger.（答案不唯一，合理即可）
【导语】本文主要讲述了黄旭华作为中国核潜艇之父的生平事迹及其对中国核潜艇事业的巨大贡献。
1．根据“Huang Xuhua, a great Chinese scientist”和“The Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines (核潜艇)—Huang Xuhua”可知，他是一位伟大的中国科学家，也是中国核潜艇之父。故填He was a great Chinese scientist and the Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines.
2．根据“Born in Guangdong Province in 1926, Huang saw his country had a very hard time under foreign attacks when he was young. These sad memories made him study hard, promising to use his knowledge to make his country stronger.”可知，是因为当他年轻的时候，他看到他的国家在外国的攻击下非常艰难。故填Because he saw his country had a very hard time under foreign attacks when he was young.
3．根据“Finally, in the 1970s, China’s first nuclear submarine was built and tested successfully, making China one of the few countries with this ability. Huang Xuhua didn’t stop there and he kept helping to improve submarine technology.”可知，他的工作使中国成为少数几个能够建造核潜艇并改进潜艇技术的国家之一。故填His work made China one of the few countries that could build nuclear submarines and improved submarine technology in China.
4．开放性作答，言之有理即可。参考答案为：We can learn his spirit of facing challenges bravely, working hard, and being dedicated to the country. We should keep our promises and contribute to making our country stronger.
（24-25九年级下·湖南长沙·阶段练习）阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
Huang Xuhua, an outstanding Chinese scientist, is widely known as the “Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines” (核潜艇). He was born on March 12, 1926, in Guangdong, In his early years, China was in a mess. Japanese planes often made cruel attacks on Chinese cities, and their warships landed on Chinese beaches, causing huge losses. These hardships deeply influenced Huang Xuhua, deeply planting the seed of serving his country in his heart. He made up his mind to study shipbuilding, believing that it was the key to making China stronger.
Building Chin’s first nuclear submarines was a very challenging and highly secret project. For more than 30 years, Huang Xuhua was kept away from his family. He couldn’t attend his children’s first steps, their school graduations, or spend precious festivals with his parents. Whenever he thought of his family, a strong feeling of guilt (愧疚) would hit him, but his sense of duty to the country always won out.
The working environment was not good at all. Without modern computers, Huang and his team had to use simple abacuses (算盘) to do difficult figuring. Day after day, they studied carefully figures, facing a lot of problems. However, their hard work finally produced fruits. In 1970, China’s first nuclear attack submarine, Long March No.1, was ready for sea tests and entered service in 1974, making China the fifth country in the world to own this powerful weapon.
In 1988, at the age of 62, Huang Xuhua joined the submarine’s first deep—diving test, a task full of risks. Even in his later years, he still went to the research center often, hope to pass on his knowledge and experience to the young people. His story is a powerful reminder that we should always run after our dreams and give our time and energy to our country, no matter how many difficulties lie ahead.
1．When was Huang Xuhua born
2．Why couldn’t Huang Xuhua go home for over 30 years
3．Did Huang Xuhua’s team use many tools for math problems
4．When did Long March No.1 start trials and work
5．How do you like Huang Xuhua
【答案】1．On March 12, 1926. 2．Because he was involved in the highly secret project of building China’s first nuclear submarines. 3．No. 4．It started trials in 1970 and entered service in 1974. 5．I admire Huang Xuhua for his dedication, perseverance, and contribution to China’s nuclear submarine program.
【导语】本文讲述了黄旭华的生平事迹。
1．根据“He was born on March 12, 1926, in Guangdong”可知黄旭华出生于1926年3月12日。故填On March 12, 1926.
2．根据“Building Chin’s first nuclear submarines was a very challenging and highly secret project. For more than 30 years, Huang Xuhua was kept away from his family.”可知，黄旭华因为参与中国第一艘核潜艇的建造，这是一个高度机密的项目，所以30多年不能回家。故填Because he was involved in the highly secret project of building China’s first nuclear submarines.
3．根据“Without modern computers, Huang and his team had to use simple abacuses (算盘) to do difficult figuring.”可知，黄旭华的团队没有使用很多工具，而是使用简单的算盘来解决数学问题。故填No.
4．根据“In 1970, China’s first nuclear attack submarine, Long March No.1, was ready for sea tests and entered service in 1974”可知，长征一号在1970年开始海试，并在1974年投入使用。故填It started trials in 1970 and entered service in 1974.
5．根据短文内容，黄旭华是一位为国家奉献一生的杰出科学家，他克服了重重困难，为中国核潜艇事业做出了巨大贡献。故填I admire Huang Xuhua for his dedication, perseverance, and contribution to China’s nuclear submarine program.
（24-25九年级下·湖南长沙·期中）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
Huang Xuhua, widely known as the father of China’s nuclear submarine (核潜艇), died at 99 on February 6, 2025. Born in Guangdong in 1926, he experienced foreign aggression (侵略) in his childhood, which inspired him to study hard and use his knowledge to make the country stronger.
In the 1950s, China started to develop nuclear submarines, a tough task because of limited technology and resources. However, Huang and his team were not afraid. They took on this challenge. To keep the project secret, they didn’t contact the outside world, not even their families.
During the design of the nuclear submarine, they met many difficulties. For example, designing a nuclear reactor (核反应堆) was really hard. They couldn’t get help from foreign experts, so they had to do research independently. They used simple tools like abacuses (算盘) and slide-rules (滑尺) to calculate and do experiments carefully. At last, in the 1970s, China’s first nuclear submarine was built and tested successfully. China became one of the countries that could make nuclear submarines. Huang Xuhua didn’t stop. He kept working on improving submarine-making technology. Because of his hard work, he won many honors. In 2019, he got the “Medal of the Republic”.
Now, when we think of him, we know his life can inspire us. We, especially the young people, should learn from his spirit. Let’s take on the responsibility, face challenges bravely and work hard to make China stronger. In this way, his spirit will live on.
1．What was Huang Xuhua widely known as
2．Why did Huang Xuhua and his team cut off contact with the outside world
3．How did Huang Xuhua’s team do research without foreign help
4．Did Huang Xuhua stop working after the success of the first nuclear submarine
5．What can you learn from Huang Xuhua
【答案】1．The father of China’s nuclear submarine. 2．To keep the project secret. 3．They used simple tools like abacuses and slide-rules to calculate and do experiments carefully. 4．No./No, he didn’t. 5．His dedication, perseverance, and courage to face challenges.
【导语】本文讲述了黄旭华的生平事迹。
1．根据“Huang Xuhua, widely known as the father of China’s nuclear submarine (核潜艇), died at 99 on February 6, 2025.”可知，他被广泛称为“中国核潜艇之父”。故填The father of China’s nuclear submarine.
2．根据“To keep the project secret, they didn’t contact the outside world, not even their families.”可知，是为了保证核潜艇项目的机密性。故填To keep the project secret.
3．根据“They used simple tools like abacuses (算盘) and slide-rules (滑尺) to calculate and do experiments carefully.”可知，他们用算盘和滑尺等简单工具进行计算和实验。故填They used simple tools like abacuses and slide-rules to calculate and do experiments carefully.
4．根据“China became one of the countries that could make nuclear submarines. Huang Xuhua didn’t stop. He kept working on improving submarine-making technology.”可知，在第一艘核潜艇成功后，黄旭华并没有停下，而是一直在改进技术。故填No./No, he didn’t.
5．开放性作答，合理即可，参考答案为His dedication, perseverance, and courage to face challenges.
（2025·吉林长春·一模）Huang Xuhua, a famous scientist in China, passed away at the age of 99 on February 6th in Wuhan, because of illness. Huang was known as the designer of China’s first nuclear submarines (核潜艇) and had received many high honors.
Huang played a key role in developing China’s first nuclear submarines, the Type 09I and Type 09II, from the 1950s to the 1980s. For 30 years, his work had been a secret. In 1970, he and his team successfully put China’s first nuclear submarine into water, and it performed better than the first US nuclear submarine which was put into water in 1954.
As China’s navy (海军) started to share more information, stories about Huang and his team became widely known. People started to call him the Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines.
Huang was born in Guangdong Province in 1926. He studied shipbuilding at National Chiao Tung University (now Shanghai Jiao Tong University) from 1945 to 1949. Later, he became one of the first scientists to work on China’s nuclear submarine program. In 1958, because of his excellent skills and qualities, Huang was secretly called to Beijing. For the next 30 years, he worked hard in secret on China’s nuclear submarine program. He and his team started from nothing and overcame many difficulties to build the country’s first nuclear submarine.
Huang’s life was full of achievements. From 2017 to 2020, he was awarded (授予) national-level honors three times by President Xi Jinping, In 2019, he was awarded the Medal of the Republic, and in 2020, he got the highest science and technology award in China for 2019.
Huang cared a lot about the future of science and technology in China, as well as the growth of young people. He gave over 20 million yuan of his money to support scientific research, education, and the spread of scientific knowledge. He spent his whole life developing China’s nuclear submarine industry and protecting our country, which encourages us to try our best to make the country stronger.
根据短文内容，回答下列问题。
1．What was Huang known as
2．How long had Huang’s work been a secret
3．Why was Huang Xuhua secretly called to Beijing in 1958
4．How many times was Huang awarded national-level honors from 2017 to 2020
5．What did Huang care about in China
【答案】1．He was known as the designer of China’s first nuclear submarines./The Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines. 2．For 30 years. 3．Because of his excellent skills and qualities. 4．Three times./3. 5．He cared a lot about the future of science and technology in China, as well as the growth of young people.
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国著名科学家黄旭华的生平事迹，包括他在核潜艇研发方面的贡献、所获得的荣誉以及他对中国科技和青年成长的关心。
1．根据第一段“Huang was known as the designer of China’s first nuclear submarines (核潜艇) and had received many high honors.”可知，黄旭华被誉为“中国核潜艇之父”。故填He was known as the designer of China’s first nuclear submarines./The Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines.
2．根据第二段“For 30 years, his work had been a secret.”可知，黄旭华的工作保密了30年。故填For 30 years.
3．根据第四段“In 1958, because of his excellent skills and qualities, Huang was secretly called to Beijing.”可知，黄旭华在1958年被秘密召到北京是因为他的优秀技能和品质。故填Because of his excellent skills and qualities.
4．根据第五段“From 2017 to 2020, he was awarded (授予) national-level honors three times by President Xi Jinping,”可知，从2017年到2020年，黄旭华三次获得国家级荣誉。故填Three times./3.
5．根据最后一段“Huang cared a lot about the future of science and technology in China, as well as the growth of young people.”可知，黄旭华非常关心中国科学技术的未来以及年轻人的成长。故填He cared a lot about the future of science and technology in China, as well as the growth of young people.
五、短文填空
（2025·湖北武汉·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，根据上下文或括号内单词等提示，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号的单词的适当形式。
On February 6th, 2025, an outstanding Chinese scientist left us. Huang Xuhua, known 1 the “Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines,” 2 (spend) his life making his country stronger. Born in 1926 in Guangdong, he saw China’s difficulties when he was young and decided to serve the country through science.
In 1958, Huang 3 (choose) to help develop China’s first nuclear submarine. For the next 30 years, he and his team started from nothing and 4 (overcome) many difficulties to build the country’s first nuclear submarine. In the 1970s, China’s first nuclear submarine was built and tested 5 (success). As a result, China became one of the 6 (country) that could make nuclear submarines. But Huang didn’t stop.
Even as an old man, Huang kept working to improve submarine technology. At the age of 90, he still went to his office every day. In 2019, he won China’s 7 (high) honor, the Republic Medal, but gave 8 his prize money to help students and scientists.
Huang Xuhua’s story reminds us that real heroes don’t always seek fame. Like a submarine 9 (hide) beneath (在……下方) the waves, he quietly protected his country for many years. Today, his example inspires many people to work hard, love our nation, and turn small dreams into big achievements. As he once said, “The future belongs to young people 10 connect their hearts to China’s growth.” Let’s carry forward his spirit— because every effort, no matter how small, can shape our nation’s destiny.
【答案】
1．as 2．spent 3．was chosen 4．overcame 5．successfully 6．countries 7．highest 8．away 9．hiding 10．who
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了中国核潜艇之父黄旭华的生平事迹。
1．句意：黄旭华，被誉为“中国核潜艇之父”……根据“Huang Xuhua, known...the ‘Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines’”可知， be known as固定短语，意为“被誉为；被称作”。结合所给内容，用as符合语境。故填as。
2．句意：黄旭华一生致力于让国家更强大。根据“Huang Xuhua...(spend) his life making his country stronger.”可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，要用一般过去时，spend的过去式是spent。故填spent。
3．句意：1958年，黄旭华被选中参与研发中国第一艘核潜艇。根据“In 1958, Huang...(choose) to help develop China’s first nuclear submarine.”可知，“Huang”和“choose”之间是被动关系，表示“被选中”，要用被动语态。句子时态是一般过去时，一般过去时的被动语态结构为“was/were +动词的过去分词”，主语Huang，be动词用was，choose的过去分词是chosen。故填was chosen。
4．句意：在接下来的30年里，他和他的团队白手起家，克服了许多困难，建造出了中国第一艘核潜艇。根据“he and his team started from nothing and...(overcome) many difficulties to build the country’s first nuclear submarine.”可知，and连接两个并列的谓语动词，start用的是过去式started，所以overcome也用过去式，overcome的过去式是overcame。故填overcame。
5．句意：20世纪70年代，中国第一艘核潜艇建造完成并成功进行了测试。根据“China’s first nuclear submarine was built and tested...(success).”可知，这里需要一个副词来修饰动词“tested”，success是名词，其副词形式是successfully，意为“成功地”。故填successfully。
6．句意：因此，中国成为了能够制造核潜艇的国家之一。根据“China became one of the...(country) that could made nuclear submarines.”可知，“one of +可数名词复数”表示“……之一”，country是可数名词，其复数形式是countries。故填countries。
7．句意：2019年，他获得了中国的最高荣誉——共和国勋章。根据“he won China’s...(high) honor, the Republic Medal”可知，这里表示最高荣誉，要用high的最高级形式highest，意为“最高的”。故填highest。
8．句意：但他把奖金捐赠出去，用于帮助学生和科研人员。根据“but gave...his prize money to help students and scientists.”可知，原文描述黄旭华对奖金的处理方式，“give away”是固定短语，意为“捐赠；赠送”。故填away。
9．句意：就像一艘隐藏在海浪之下的潜艇，多年来他默默地守护着自己的国家。根据“Like a submarine...(hide) beneath (在……下方) the waves”可知，这里用现在分词作后置定语，修饰“submarine”，表示“隐藏着的”状态，hide的现在分词是hiding。故填hiding。
10．句意：正如他曾经说过的：“未来属于那些心系祖国发展的年轻人。”根据“The future belongs to young people...connect their hearts to China’s growth.”可知，这是一个定语从句，先行词是“young people”，指人，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who引导定语从句。故填who。
六、选词填空
（2025·山东泰安·一模）根据短文内容，用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使文章通顺、完整，每词限用一次。
as high achieve know difficulty for especially succeed pride develop
Huang Xuhua: A Hero of Nuclear Submarines
Huang Xuhua, an outstanding Chinese scientist, left us on February 6th, 2025. 1 as the “ Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines” (中国核潜艇之父), he devoted his life to the 2 of advanced technology for his country. Born in 1926, he joined a secret team in1958 to design China’s first nuclear submarine. At that time, the task seemed almost impossible because of 3 like limited (受限的) resources and foreign technology blockades (封镜).
4 many years, Huang worked tirelessly. He and other scientists did a lot of research, often staying up late to solve problems. They finally 5 in 1970 when China’s first nuclear submarine was launched (发射). This great 6 marked a historic moment for China’s defense capabilities (防御能力).
Huang’s family knew nothing about his work for nearly 30 years. Although he missed many family events, he felt 7 to serve his country. In 2020, he was honored with the Medal of the Republic. China’s 8 honor for his extraordinary contributions (杰出贡献).
Now, 9 we remember him, we understand that his life is a source of inspiration. Chinese people, 10 the younger generation, will inherit his spirit. His story teaches us that true greatness comes from selfless dedication (奉献).
【答案】
1．Known 2．development 3．difficulties 4．For 5．succeeded 6．achievement 7．proud 8．highest 9．as 10．especially
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了中国杰出科学家黄旭华的生平事迹，他致力于中国核潜艇先进技术研发，克服诸多困难，为国家国防能力做出卓越贡献，其奉献精神激励后人。
1．句意：作为“中国核潜艇之父”而闻名，他为国家先进技术的发展奉献了一生。be known as是固定短语，意为“作为……而闻名”，句子已有谓语 devoted，设空处需填非谓语动词作状语，过去分词 known表被动，说明他被人所知的身份，同时表原因作状语。故填known。
2．句意：作为“中国核潜艇之父”而闻名，他为国家先进技术的发展奉献了一生。根据“of advanced technology for his country.”可知，定冠词the后接名词，这里表示“先进技术的发展”，develop的名词形式是development。故填development。
3．句意：在那时，由于资源有限和国外技术封锁等困难，这项任务似乎几乎不可能完成。根据“limited (受限的) resources and foreign technology blockades”可知，此处指困难，of 是介词，后接名词作宾语，结合所给词，difficulty符合，此处用复数形式。故填difficulties。
4．句意：许多年里，黄旭华不懈地工作。 根据“many years”可知，此处指持续多年，for + 时间段表示动作持续的时间。故填For。
5．句意：1970 年，当中国第一艘核潜艇发射时，他们终于成功了。根据“when China’s first nuclear submarine was launched”可知，此处指取得了成功，根据时间状语in 1970可知，本句用一般过去时，动词使用过去式 。故填succeeded。
6．句意：这一伟大成就标志着中国国防能力的一个历史性时刻。根据上文描述可知，这里指中国第一艘核潜艇发射这一伟大“成就”，此处需要名词形式作主语。故填achievement。
7．句意：尽管他错过了许多家庭活动，但他为能为国家服务而感到自豪。 根据“to serve his country”可知，此处指他能为国家服务而感到自豪，空前有feel，此处需要使用形容词，意为“自豪的”。故填proud。
8．句意：中国因其杰出贡献给予他最高荣誉 —— 共和国勋章。 根据“the Medal of the Republic”可知，这里表示“最高荣誉”，用形容词high的最高级。故填highest。
9．句意：现在，当我们缅怀他时，我们明白他的一生是一种激励。根据“we remember him”可知，设空处引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时候”，结合所给词，as符合。故填as。
10．句意：中国人，尤其是年轻一代，将继承他的精神。根据“the younger generation”可知，这里需要一个副词加强语气，强调“年轻一代”，结合所给词，especially符合。故填especially。
（2025·陕西西安·三模）用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，
