2025年人教版英语八下基础知识速记与巧练
Unit1 What's the matter?速记
重点词汇
1. matter n.问题,事情
2. sore adj.疼痛的,酸痛的
3. stomachache n.胃痛,腹痛
4. foot n.脚,足
5. neck n.颈,脖子
6. stomach n.胃,腹部
7. throat n.咽喉,喉咙
8. fever n.发烧
9. lie v.躺,平躺;说谎;谎言;位于
10. break n.&v.放松,休息
11. cough n.&v.咳嗽
12. X-ray n.X射线
13. toothache n.牙痛
14. headache n.头痛
15. break n.&v.间歇,休息:打破,打碎
16. hurt v.(使)疼痛,受伤
17. passenger n.乘客,旅客
18. off adv.&prep.离开(某处),不工作,从…去掉
19. onto prep.向,朝
20. trouble n.问题,苦恼
21. hit v.(用手或器具)击,打
22. herself pron.她自己
23. bandage n.绷带;v.用绷带包扎
24. press v.按,压,挤
25. sick adj.生病的,有病的
26. knee n.膝盖
27. nosebleed n.鼻出血
Unit1 What's the matter?巧练
一、重点词汇
1. n.问题,事情
2. adj.疼痛的,酸痛的
3. n.胃痛,腹痛
4. n.脚,足
5. n.颈,脖子
6. n.胃,腹部
7. n.咽喉,喉咙
8. n.发烧
9. v.躺,平躺;说谎;谎言;位于
10. n.&v.放松,休息
11. n.&v.咳嗽
12. n.X射线
13. n.牙痛
14. n.头痛
15. n.&v.间歇,休息:打破,打碎
16. v.(使)疼痛,受伤
17. n.乘客,旅客
18. adv.&prep.离开(某处),不工作,从…去掉
19. prep.向,朝
20. n.问题,苦恼
21. v.(用手或器具)击,打
22. pron.她自己
23. n.绷带;v.用绷带包扎
24. v.按,压,挤
25. adj.生病的,有病的
26. n.膝盖
27. n.鼻出血
28. breathe v.呼吸
29. sunburned adj.晒伤的
30. ourselves pron.我们自己
31. climber n.登山者
32. risk n.&v.危险,风险,冒险
33. accident n.(交通)事故,意外遭遇
34. situation n.情况,状况
35. kilo n.千克,公斤
36. rock n.岩石
37. knife n.刀
38. blood n.血
39. mean v.意思是,打算,意欲
40. importance n.重要性,重要
41. decision n.决定
42. control v.限制,控制,管理
43. spirit n.精神,勇气,意志
44. death n.死亡
45. nurse n.护士
词汇变形
foot脚(n.) → feet (复数)
stomach 胃(n.) → stomachache (n.)胃疼
tooth牙(n.) → teeth (复数)→ toothache _______牙疼
lie 躺,躺着(v.)→ lay (过去式)→ lying (现在分词)
break 打破(n.)→ broke (过去式)→ broken (adj.)破损的
hurt 受伤(v.)→ hurt (过去式)
hit 击打(v.)→ hit (过去式)
sick 生病的(adj.)→ sickness (n.)疾病
28. v.呼吸
29. adj.晒伤的
30. pron.我们自己
31. n.登山者
32. n.&v.危险,风险,冒险
33. n.(交通)事故,意外遭遇
34. n.情况,状况
35. n.千克,公斤
36. n.岩石
37. n.刀
38. n.血
39. v.意思是,打算,意欲
40. n.重要性,重要
41. n.决定
42. v.限制,控制,管理
43. n.精神,勇气,意志
44. n.死亡
45. n.护士
二、词汇变形
foot脚(n.) → (复数)
stomach 胃(n.) → (n.)胃疼
tooth牙(n.) → (复数)→ _______牙疼
lie 躺,躺着(v.)→ (过去式)→ (现在分词)
break 打破(n.)→ (过去式)→ (adj.)破损的
hurt 受伤(v.)→ (过去式)
hit 击打(v.)→ (过去式)
sick 生病的(adj.)→ (n.)疾病
she 她→ her (宾格)→ her (形容词性物主代词)→ herself (反身代词)
we 我们→ us (宾格)→ our (形容词性物主代词)→ ourselves (反身代词)
climb 爬(v.)→ climber (n.)登山者
kilo 千克(n.)→ kilos (复数)
knife 刀(n.)→ knives (复数)
mean 意思是;打算(v.)→ meaning (n.)意义
→ meaningful (adj.)有意义的→ meaningless (adj.)毫无意义的
important重要的(adj.)→ importance (n.)重要性
decide 决定(v.)→ decision (n.)决定
die 死(v.)→ death (n.)死亡→ dead (adj.)死了的
重点短语
1.说得太多 talk too much
2.嗓子痛 have a throat
3.发烧 have a fever
4.胃痛 have a stomachache
5.(1)躺下休息 lie down and rest
(2)休息 have/take a rest/break
6.量体温 take one’s temperature
7.看牙医 see a dentist
8.喝加蜂蜜的热茶drink some hot tea with honey
9.在...上面敷药 put medicine on ...
10.头痛 have a headache
11.远离 away from
12.以同样的方式in the same way
13.沿着...走 go along
14.(1)看见某人做某事see/watch sb. do sth.
(2)看见某人正在做某事see/watch sb.doing sth
she 她→ (宾格)→ (形容词性物主代词)→ (反身代词)
we 我们→ (宾格)→ (形容词性物主代词)→ (反身代词)
climb 爬(v.)→ (n.)登山者
kilo 千克(n.)→ (复数)
knife 刀(n.)→ (复数)
mean 意思是;打算(v.)→ (n.)意义→ (adj.)有意义的→ (adj.)毫无意义的
important重要的(adj.)→ (n.)重要性
decide 决定(v.)→ (n.)决定
die 死(v.)→ (n.)死亡→ (adj.)死了的
三、重点短语
1.说得太多
2.嗓子痛
3.发烧
4.胃痛
5.(1)躺下休息
(2)休息
6.量体温
7.看牙医
8.喝加蜂蜜的热茶
9.在...上面敷药
10.头痛
11.远离
12.以同样的方式
13.沿着...走
14.(1)看见某人做某事
(2)看见某人正在做某事
15.在马路边 on the side of the road
16.在...旁边/紧挨着 next to
17.大声呼救 shout for help
18.一位十八岁的司机an 18-year-old driver
19.(1)不假思索without thinking twice
(2)思考 think about
(3)认为想起 think of
20.(1)上车 get on
(2)下车 get off
21.迅速行动 act quickly
22.期待某人做某事 expect sb. to do sth.
23.等待 wait for
24.令某人惊讶的是 to one’s surprise
25.(1)同意做某事 agree to do sth.
(2)和某人意见一致/用意某人的观点 agree with sb.
26.把...移动到...上面 move...onto...
27.(1)多亏,由于 thanks to
(2)因...而感谢 thanks for
28.被拯救 be saved
29.(1)及时 in time
(2)准时 on time
30.(1)陷入麻烦 get into trouble
(2)做某事有困难
have trouble/problem/difficulty (in) doing sth.
(3)在某事上有困难
have trouble/problem/difficulty with sth.
15.在马路边
16.在...旁边/紧挨着
17.大声呼救
18.一位十八岁的司机
19.(1)不假思索
(2)思考
(3)认为想起
20.(1)上车
(2)下车
21.迅速行动
22.期待某人做某事
23.等待
24.令某人惊讶的是
25.(1)同意做某事
(2)和某人意见一致/用意某人的观点
26.把...移动到...上面
27.(1)多亏,由于
(2)因...而感谢
28.被拯救
29.(1)及时
(2)准时
30.(1)陷入麻烦
(2)做某事有困难
(3)在某事上有困难
31.伤到自己 hurt oneself
32.用绷带包扎... put a bandage on...
33.感到恶心 feel sick
34.摔倒 fall down
35.对...感兴趣 be interested in...
36.(1)过去常常做...,曾经 used to do
(2)被用来做某事 be used to do sth.
(3)习惯于做某事 be/get used to doing sth.
37....之一 one of
38.处于非常危险的处境
be in a difficult situation
39.用完,耗尽 run out (of)
40.还没准备好做某事/不愿意做某事
be not ready to do sth.
41.(1)为了 so that...+句子
(2)如此...以至于... so...that...
42....的重要性 the importance of...
43.(1)控制,管理 be in control of
(2)失控 out of control
44.继续/坚持做某 keep on doing sth.
45.(1)意味着做某事 mean doing sth.
(2)打算做某事 mean to do sth.
(3)对某人来说意义重大mean a lot to sb.
46.(1)做决定 make a decision
(2)决定做某事 decide to do sth.
47.冒险 take a risk/risks
48.(1)切除 cut off
(2)砍倒 cut down
(3)切碎 cut up
49.离开,从...出来 get out of
50.放弃做某事 give up doing sth.
31.伤到自己
32.用绷带包扎...
33.感到恶心
34.摔倒
35.对...感兴趣
36.(1)过去常常做...,曾经
(2)被用来做某事
(3)习惯于做某事
37....之一
38.处于非常危险的处境
39.用完,耗尽
40.还没准备好做某事/不愿意做某事
41.(1)为了
(2)如此...以至于...
42....的重要性
43.(1)控制,管理
(2)失控
44.继续/坚持做某
45.(1)意味着做某事
(2)打算做某事
(3)对某人来说意义重大
46.(1)做决定
(2)决定做某事
47.冒险
48.(1)切除
(2)砍倒
(3)切碎
49.离开,从...出来
50.放弃做某事
语法知识记忆
(一)表达病痛的结构
要表达身体某一部位疼痛或不舒服,可以用以下结构:
1. 某人+ have/has + 病症.
The twins have colds. 这对双胞胎感冒了。
2. 某人+ have/has a(n) + 身体部位-ache(headache / toothache / stomachache / backache / earache)
She had a stomachache last night. 她昨晚胃痛。
3. 某人+ have / has a sore + 身体部位.
He has a sore throat. 他喉咙痛。
4. 某人+ hurt(s) + 身体部位或反身代词.
He hurt his leg. 他的腿受伤了。
5. 身体部位 + hurt(s).
My head hurts badly. 我头痛得厉害。
6. 某人+ have/has a pain in one’s + 身体部位.
I have a pain in my chest. 我胸口痛。
7. (There is) something wrong with one’s + 身体部位.
There is something wrong with my right eye. 我的右眼不舒服。
8. 其他表达方式
She has a heart trouble. 她有心脏病。
He got hit on the head. 他头部受到了撞击。
She cut her finger. 她割破手指了。
(二)情态动词should的用法
should 作情态动词,有实际的词义,但它不可单独作谓语,须与动词原形连用,没有人称和数的变化。其否定形式在其后加not,可缩写为shouldn’t;变为一般疑问句时,should 提到主语之前。它的用法如下:
1. 表示委婉地提出意见或建议,一般意为"应该;应当"。
You should eat lots of healthy food. 你应该多吃些健康的食品。
You should help each other. 你们应该互相帮助。
2. 表示义务、责任,也意为"应该;应当"。
You should study hard. 你应当努力学习。
He should pay for the books. 他应当付书钱。
3. 表示命令和要求,语气比较强烈。
We should respect our teachers and parents. 我们应该尊敬老师和父母。
You shouldn’t be so careless. 你不应该这么粗心。
4. 表示预测和可能性。
He should be a teacher. 他可能是一位老师。
They should be in the classroom. 他们应该在教室里。
表示说话人的感情,如惊奇、愤怒、失望等,多见于以why,who,how,what等开头的特殊疑问句中。
Why should I invite her 为什么我要邀请她?
How should I know 我怎么会知道?
四、语法知识练习
一、单项选择
1.—Why didn’t Tom come to school
—His ________ was hurt. He could hardly walk.
A.hand B.neck C.knee D.arm
2.—Would you like to go shopping with us
—Sorry, I have a ________ and I have to go to the dentist.
A.fever B.stomachache C.cold D.toothache
3.—What’s ________ matter with you, Mary
—I guess I have ________ fever.
A.the, a B.the, an C./, a D./, an
4.Jenny cut ________. Let’s take her to the hospital.
A.she B.himself C.them D.herself
5.—Did you hurt ________ playing soccer
—No, I didn’t. But my classmate, Mike hurt ________ knee.
A.you, himself B.yourself, his C.yourself, him D.you, him
6.Boys and girls, you’d better care for ________ when your parents are not at home.
A.himself B.herself C.yourselves D.themselves
7.The work is not difficult. Ben and I can do it well by ________.
A.ourselves B.yourselves C.herself D.themselves
8.Alice is _______ to look after ________.
A.old enough;herself B.old enough;myself C.enough old;herself D.enough old;myself
9.If you have ________ cold, you should drink more water and have ________ good rest.
A.a; / B.a; a C.the; a D.the; the
10.My boys, help ________ to some fish.
A.yourself B.yourselves C.himself D.herself
11.—My maths is a little poor. Can you give me some advice, Amy
—I think you ________ listen to your maths teacher carefully in class.
must B.should C.would D.Can
(三)反身代词
反身代词是由第一人称、第二人称形容词性物主代词或第三人称的人称代词宾格形式,词尾加-self或-selves组成的。反身代词意为"本人""本身",为加强语气,也可翻译为"亲自""自己"。
1. 反身代词构成
第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
单数 myself yourself himself/herself/itself
复数 ourselves yourselves themselves
2. 反身代词的用法
作动词宾语或介词宾语 The boy can dress himself. 这个男孩能给自己穿衣服。 Take good care of yourself. 好好照顾你自己。
作主语或宾 语的同位语 Mrs Black herself is a lawyer. 布莱克夫人本人就是一名律师。 You had better ask the driver himself. 你最好问司机本人。
作表语 Just be yourself. 做你自己就好了。 Mary hasn’t been herself recently. 玛丽近来感到不适。
3. 易错点
反身代词必须与其所指代的名词或代词形成相互关系,在人称、性和数上保持一致。
The children are enjoying themselves in the park. 孩子们正在公园里玩得很高兴。
4. 反身代词的常用短语
teach oneself=learn by oneself 自学 enjoy oneself 过得愉快
help oneself to... 随便吃/用…… look after oneself 照顾某人自己
dress oneself 给自己穿衣服
12.You ________ turn off the lights when you leave the room.
A.should B.may C.need
13.David ________ a stomachache. He ________ lie down and have a rest.
A.has; shouldn’t B.have; should C.have; shouldn’t D.has; should
14.The girl got lost in the forest. “Where am I ” she said to ________.
A.her B.herself C.him D.he
15.—There is something wrong with my ______, mom.
—You’d better see a dentist.
A.leg B.teeth C.head D.stomach
二、单词拼写
16.Everyone s help to save the earth.
17.We worked hard on the project and finally solved the problems by o .
18.They enjoyed (they) in the water park yesterday.
19.—“Please help (you) to the snacks and drinks.”
—“Thanks! I think I’ll try that delicious-looking cake over there.”
20.With (he) help, I could go across the river by (I).
21.We can’t change many things in the world, but we can change (自己).
22.Watching h in the mirror (镜子), the queen thought she was the most beautiful lady in the world.
23.My father has a t . He wants to see the dentist.
24.My sister had a bad cold. She c all night and couldn’t fall asleep.
25.Bob fell from his bike and h himself
总结反思______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
综合练习题
一、单项选择
1.—I hurt myself when I played basketball. What should I do
—You should see a doctor and get________X-ray.
A.the B.a C.an D./
2.I ________ return to my village at least once a year, but I ________ the city life here now.
A.used to; used to B.am used to; am used to C.used to; am used to D.am used to; used to
3.Mrs. Green has no time to help us, so we need to finish the work by ________.
A.myself B.themselves C.herself D.ourselves
4.Did you have problems ________ in the humid room
A.to breathe B.breath C.breathe D.breathing
5.The little boy always eats ________. So he gets ________ fat.
A.too much; too many B.much too; too many C.too many; much too D.too much; much too
6.It was very hard for me to make a ________, but I decided to leave my job.
A.invitation B.decision C.plan D.discussion
7.—Wow! You are cool!
—I ________ wear my school uniform, but it’s washed and it’s still wet.
A.should B.can C.may D.will
8.Look, there is a wallet ________ on the playground.
A.lie B.lying C.lay D.lain
9.________ our surprise, Joe got ________ a fight with his best friend Paul.
A.With; into B.To; onto C.To; into D.With; onto
10.— Dad, I am 15 years now. Can I make __________ by myself
— Of course. But remember to think twice before making that.
A.decisions B.mistakes C.beds D.jokes
二、短文填空
(一)
There was a car accident on Shanghai Road 11 May 1st. A girl was talking with her friend 12 she was riding a bike on the road. Suddenly, a car 13 (appear) and hit her. The young girl fell 14 her bike and could not get up. She looked pale and was in great pain. Her friend shouted for help, 15 no one paid attention at first. Luckily, a policeman arrived in time and her friend was glad. The policeman took the girl to the 16 (near) hospital. The doctor looked her over 17 (careful) and gave her some medicine. Her head and leg were hurt badly and she had to stay in hospital for two 18 (week). 19 a terrible accident! In a word, everyone should 20 (be) careful when we cross the road. The life will be more beautiful if we keep ourselves safe.
(二)
If you don’t keep yourself warm enough, winter can be a time to have an illness. During the winter months, people 21 (easy) get colds and flu. Many people think they are the same, 22 they are different.
Colds can stay with you for up to a week. You will have a running nose, a sore throat, a headache, a cough and a fever. Flu is 23 (serious) than colds. You will feel sick very quickly. You will have a fever and a headache. Your body 24 (hurt) and become weak. This could last for up to four 25 (week).
Is there any way to keep 26 (you) away from colds or flu Staying away from people 27 colds or flu may work. Try not 28 (touch) your nose or eyes if you have been close to someone who has a cold. Wash your hands, especially after 29 (clean) your nose. Going out with wet hair can also give you a cold!
If you catch a cold or flu, go to bed and rest. Doing this will help you get well. Drink lots of water. Stay in 30 warm, well-aired room. If you have a headache, or your muscles (肌肉) hurt, don’t forget to take some medicine.
三、单词拼写
31.You shouldn’t be too hard on (you), boys.
32.Many people come to know the i of learning English.
33.I felt so sad when I heard the (die) of my pet dog.
34.I noticed a wallet on the ground on my way home. (lie)
35.It is not easy for me to make a (decide).
36.Lisa (hurt) her leg when she played football.
37.The party was wonderful and all of us enjoyed . (our)
38.Our lovely cat was (die) last week and my little sister is sad about its (die).
39.I ate too much junk food, so I had a (stomach).
40.I cut (my). And my mother helped me put medicine on the cut.
41.Wang Fuzhou is the first mountain (climb) to reach the top of Mount Qomolangma in China.
42.He made a (decide) to volunteer at the library every week.
43.She should (take) some medicine when she (have) a fever.
44.Emma h her back when she fell off her bike.
45.He is very tired. He should l down and rest.
46.Today we needn’t go to school. Let’s just relax and enjoy o .
47.We should make a good d when we do something.
48.Eating too much chocolate makes me have a t .
49.If you have a sore t , you can drink a lot of hot water.
50.I want to be a doctor like Zhong Nanshan to help the s .
语法知识练习参考答案
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 C D A D B C A A B B
题号 11 12 13 14 15
答案 B A D B B
1.C
【详解】句意:——汤姆为什么没来学校?——他的膝盖受伤了。他几乎走不动了。
考查名词辨析。hand手;neck脖子;knee膝盖;arm手臂。根据“He could hardly walk.”可知,应该说他膝盖受伤了,走不了路。故选C。
2.D
【详解】句意:——你愿意和我们一起去购物吗?——对不起,我牙痛,我得去看牙医。
考查名词辨析。fever发烧;stomachache胃痛;cold感冒;toothache牙痛。根据“I have to go to the dentist.”可知,牙痛需要看牙医。故选D。
3.A
【详解】句意:——你怎么了,玛丽?——我想我发烧了。
考查冠词的用法。a/an一个,修饰可数名词单数,表示泛指,an用于元音音素开头的单词前;a用于辅音音素开头的单词前;the意为“这(些),那(些)”,表示特指。在固定句型“What’s the matter with sb ”中,要用定冠词“the”,所以第一个空填“the”;“have a fever”是固定短语,意为“发烧”,“fever”是以辅音音素开头的单词,前面用不定冠词“a”,所以第二个空填“a”。故选A。
4.D
【详解】句意:珍妮割伤了自己。我们带她去医院吧。
考查代词辨析。she主格形式,她;himself反身代词,他自己;them宾格形式,他们;她们;它们,在句子中作宾语;herself 反身代词,她自己,用于女性。根据“Jenny cut…”可知,这里表示珍妮割伤了她自己,需要用反身代词,Jenny是女性,所以用herself。故选D。
5.B
【详解】句意:——你踢足球时伤到自己了吗?——没有。但我的同学迈克伤到了他的膝盖。
考查反身代词和物主代词的用法。you你;yourself你自己;his他的,形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词;himself他自己;him他,宾格。根据“Did you hurt...”可知,此处询问是否伤到自己,应填反身代词yourself;根据“Mike hurt...knee”可知,此处指迈克的膝盖,应填物主代词his,故选B。
6.C
【详解】句意:——孩子们,当父母不在家时,你们最好照顾好自己。
考查反身代词用法。himself他自己;herself她自己;yourselves你们自己;themselves他们自己。这句话是对“Boys and girls”说的,指要照顾好“你们自己”。对应复数反身代词应yourselves。故选C。
7.A
【详解】句意:这项工作不难。本和我可以自己把它做好。
考查反身代词的用法。ourselves我们自己;yourselves你们自己;herself她自己;themselves他们自己。by oneself表示“独自,靠自己”。句子主语是Ben and I,第一人称复数,其对应的反身代词是ourselves。故选A。
8.A
【详解】句意:爱丽丝已经足够大到可以照顾自己了。
考查副词的位置和代词辨析。herself她自己;myself我自己。根据“Alice is …to look after ….”可知,副词enough修饰形容词时应后置,因此排除CD项;主语是Alice,其反身代词为herself。故选A。
9.B
【详解】句意:如果你感冒了,你应该多喝水并好好休息。
考查冠词用法。a表泛指,不定冠词,用于以辅音音素开头的单词前;/表示不填,零冠词;the表特指,定冠词。第一空,根据“have … cold”可知,此处考查have a cold“感冒”,动词短语,应用不定冠词a,排除C和D;第二空,根据“have … good rest”可知,此处是指好好休息,应用不定冠词表泛指,且“good”是以辅音音素开头的单词,应用a,排除A。故选B。
10.B
【详解】句意:男孩们,请随便吃点鱼。
考查代词辨析。yourself你自己;yourselves你们自己;himself他自己;herself她自己。根据“boys”可知,此处是对多个男孩说的,所以对应的反身代词应该是yourselves“你们自己”,表示让这些男孩子们随意吃鱼。故选B。
11.B
【详解】句意:——我的数学有点差。艾米,你能给我一些建议吗?——我认为你应该在课堂上认真听你的数学老师讲课。
考查情态动词辨析。must必须,强调主观上的义务和必要,语气较为强烈;should应该,表示劝告、建议或义务,语气较为委婉;would将会,表示过去将来时或虚拟语气中的意愿;can能够,表示能力或许可。根据语境可知,此处是在给对方提建议,即“你应该在课堂上认真听你的数学老师讲课”,所以应该用should。故选B。
12.A
【详解】句意:你离开房间时应该关灯。
考查情态动词辨析。should应该,表责任/义务;may可以,表许可或可能性;need需要,表必要性。根据“turn off the lights”可知,关灯是节约能源的责任/义务,should符合。故选A。
13.D
【详解】句意:David胃痛,他应该躺下来休息。
考查时态和情态动词。should应该;shouldn’t不应该。根据“David...lie down and have a rest.”可知,主语是David,第三人称单数,所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式has,排除BC;且由语境可知,生病了应该躺下来休息。故选D。
14.B
【详解】句意:那个女孩在森林里迷路了。“我在哪?”她自言自语。
考查反身代词。her她,宾格;herself她自己,反身代词;him他,宾格;he他,主格。say to oneself 自言自语。根据主语she可知反身代词为herself。故选B。
15.B
【详解】句意:——妈妈,我的牙齿有些问题。——你最好去看牙医。
考查名词辨析。 leg腿;teeth牙齿;head头;stomach胃。根据下文“You’d better see a dentist.”可知,看牙医应是牙齿有问题。故选B。
16.(s)hould
【详解】句意:每个人都应该帮助拯救地球。根据空格后“help to save the earth”,结合首字母提示可知,此处应该填入should,情态动词,后跟动词原形,意为“应该”符合语境,表达每个人都应该帮助拯救地球。故填(s)hould。
17.(o)urselves
【详解】句意:我们在这个项目上努力工作,最后我们自己解决了问题。根据“We worked hard on the project and finally solved the problems by…”以及首字母提示可知,此处指独自解决了问题,by oneself“独自”;主语为“We”,此处用反身代词ourselves“我们自己”。故填(o)urselves。
18.themselves
【详解】句意:昨天他们在水上公园里玩得很开心。enjoy oneself“玩得开心”,因此用主语they的反身代词themselves。故填themselves。
19.yourself
【详解】句意:——“请随便吃点心和饮料。” ——“谢谢! 我想尝尝那边那个看起来很好吃的蛋糕。” help oneself to“随便取用”,根据“you”可知,需要用反身代词yourself“你自己”。故填yourself。
20. his myself
【详解】句意:通过他的帮助,我可以自己过河。help为名词,意思是“帮助”,名词前可用形容词性物主代词修饰,he为主格代词,形容词性物主代词为his;by为介词,后可跟反身代词,表示“通过某人自己”,I为主格代词,反身代词为myself,故填his;myself。
21.ourselves
【详解】句意:我们无法改变世界上的许多事情,但我们可以改变自己。根据“we can change”可知,此句的主语是we,反身代词用ourselves“我们自己”。故填ourselves。
22.(h)erself
【详解】句意:看着镜子里的自己,女王认为她是世界上最美丽的女人。根据“Watching…in the mirror (镜子), the queen thought she was the most beautiful lady in the world.”的语境并结合首字母提示可知,此处指女王看着镜子里的自己时进行的内心活动,应用反身代词herself“她自己”。故填(h)erself。
23.(t)oothache
【详解】句意:我爸爸牙痛。他想去看牙医。由“He wants to see the dentist”及首字母可知,此处指牙痛,toothache“牙痛”符合语境。故填(t)oothache。
24.(c)oughed
【详解】句意:我姐姐得了重感冒。她咳嗽了一整夜,睡不着。根据“My sister had a bad cold.”和首字母提示可知,此处是指咳嗽。cough“咳嗽”,根据后面的“and couldn’t fall asleep”可知,时态为一般过去时,所以用过去式coughed。故填(c)oughed。
25.(h)urt
【详解】句意:鲍勃从自行车上摔下来,受伤了。根据“Bob fell from his bike and…himself.”以及首字母提示可知,此处指鲍勃从自行车上摔下来,受伤了,hurt“使……受伤”,动词;此句时态为一般过去时,谓语动词应用过去式。故填(h)urt
综合练习题参考答案
参考答案
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 C C D D D B A B C A
1.C
【详解】句意:——我打篮球时伤了自己。我该怎么办?——你应该去看医生并拍一张X光片。
考查冠词。根据“get...X-ray”可知,这里泛指一张X光片,X-ray以元音音素/e/开头,用an修饰。故选C。
2.C
【详解】句意:我过去一年至少回一次我们村子,但我现在已经习惯这里的城市生活了。
考查动词短语。used to do sth过去常常做某事;be used to sth习惯于某事。根据“return to my village at least once a year”可知,第一空指过去常常回老家;根据“the city life here now”可知,第二空指现在习惯了城市生活。故选C。
3.D
【详解】句意:格林夫人没有时间帮助我们,所以我们需要自己完成这项工作。
考查反身代词。myself我自己;themselves他们自己;herself 她自己;ourselves我们自己。空格前的主语为we ,故空格处应用反身代词ourselves,by ourselves意为“靠我们自己”。故选D。
4.D
【详解】句意:你在潮湿的房间里呼吸有困难吗?
考查非谓语动词。to breathe呼吸,动词不定式;breath呼吸,名词;breathe呼吸,动词原形;breathing动名词或现在分词形式。have problems (in) doing sth表示“做某事有困难”,此处应用动名词作宾语。故选D。
5.D
【详解】句意:小男孩总是吃得太多。所以他变得太胖了。
考查副词。too many后常跟可数名词;too much后常跟不可数名词或者跟在动词后修饰动词;much too表示“太……”,后常跟形容词或副词。根据题干可知,吃太多“eat too much”,太胖“much too fat”,选项中只有D项符合题意。故选D。
6.B
【详解】句意:对于我来说做出决定很难,但我决定辞职。
考查名词辨析。invitation邀请;decision决定;plan计划;discussion讨论。根据“but I decided to leave my job”可知,做出决定很难,make a decision意为“做决定”,故选B。
7.A
【详解】句意:——哇!你好酷!——我应该穿校服的,但是它洗了还是湿的。
考查情态动词辨析。should应该;can能够;may也许;will将要。根据“wear my school uniform, but it’s washed and it’s still wet.”可知,在学校应该穿校服。故选A。
8.B
【详解】句意:看,操场上有一个钱包。
考查非谓语动词。根据“there is a wallet…on the playground”可知,There is sb./sth. doing sth.“有某人/某物正在做某事”,固定句型,此处应用lying。故选B。
9.C
【详解】句意:令我们吃惊的是,乔和他最好的朋友保罗打了一架。
考查介词辨析。With与……一起;into到……里面;To朝;onto到……之上。第一空,根据空后“our surprise”可知,此处考查to one’s surprise“令某人惊讶的是”,介词短语,排除A和D;第二空,根据“got … a fight with”可知,此处考查get into a fight with sb.“与某人打架”,动词短语,排除B。故选C。
10.A
【详解】句意:——爸爸,我15岁了,我能自己做决定吗?——当然。但记住在做这件事之前要三思。
考查名词辨析。decisions决定;mistakes错误;beds床;jokes玩笑。根据“Can I make…by myself ”可知,此处是指做决定,用动词短语make decisions表示。故选A。
11.on 12.while 13.appeared 14.off 15.but 16.nearest 17.carefully 18.weeks 19.What 20.be
【分析】本文讲述了5月1日发生在上海路的一个车祸。这个故事告诉大家过马路时要小心。如果我们保持自己安全,生活才会更美丽。
11.句意:在5月1日这天上海路有一个车祸。根据“May 1st”可知,表示在具体某一天,用介词on,故填on。
12.句意:一个女孩正在路上骑自行车时,她和她的朋友交谈。此处引导时间状语从句,是过去进行时,用连词while,故填while。
13.句意:突然,一辆汽车出现了,撞了她。根据hit可知,此处用一般过去时,appear的过去式是appeared,故填appeared。
14.句意:这个年轻的女孩从自行车上摔下来,无法起来。fall off从……上摔下来,故填off。
15.句意:她的朋友大喊求助,但是刚开始没有人关注。结合句意,前一句表示她的朋友大喊求助,后一句表示刚开始没有人关注,前后表示转折关系,用连词but,故填but。
16.句意:那位警察把这个女孩带到了最近的医院。修饰名词hospital用形容词,有定冠词the修饰,用near的最高级nearest,故填nearest。
17.句意:那个医生仔细检查了她,给她一些药。修饰动宾短语looked her over,用careful的副词carefully,故填carefully。
18.句意:她的头和腿伤得非常严重,她不得不待在医院两周。有数词two修饰,用week的复数形式weeks,故填weeks。
19.句意:多么可怕的事故啊!根据感叹句的结构What+a/an+形容词+单数名词!故填What。
20.句意:总之,每个人过马路时应该小心。位于情态动词should后,用动词原形,be的动词原形是be,故填be。
21.easily 22.but 23.more serious 24.will hurt 25.weeks 26.yourself 27.with 28.to touch 29.cleaning 30.a
【导语】本文讲述了冬天是容易感冒的季节,要注意保暖,并介绍了一些预防感冒的做法和感冒后的处理方式。
21.句意:在冬季,人们容易感冒和流感。此处是副词修饰动词get,easily“容易地”符合题意,故填easily。
22.句意:很多人觉得它们一样,其实它们不一样。根据空处前后的“same”和“different”可知,此处表转折,所以用but“但是”。故填but。
23.句意:流感比感冒更严重。根据“than”可知此缺少形容词比较级,more serious“更严重”,故填more serious。
24.句意:你的身体会受伤,变得虚弱。根据“You will feel sick very quickly. You will have a fever and a headache.”可知,此处指感染流感后的后果,应用一般将来时will do,故填will hurt。
25.句意:这可能会持续长达四周。数词“four”后跟名词复数形式,表达“四个星期”,故填weeks。
26.句意:有什么方法可以让自己远离感冒或者流感?keep oneself away from“让某人自己远离某事”,空处缺少反身代词,you的反身代词是yourself。故填yourself。
27.句意:远离感冒或流感患者可能有效。根据“people…colds or flu”可知,这里应该是介词短语作后置定语修饰people,指“患感冒或流感的患者”,with“带有,附有”符合语境,故填with。
28.句意:如果你和感冒患者关系密切,尽量不要触摸你的鼻子或眼睛。try not to do sth.“尽量不要做某事”,固定短语,所以空处用不定式;故填to touch。
29.句意:洗手,尤其是洗完鼻子后。介词after后接动名词,故填cleaning。
30.句意:待在温暖、通风良好的房间里。空处缺少不定冠词修饰room,此处表泛指,warm首字母为辅音音素,故填a。
31.yourselves
【详解】句意:孩子们,你们不应该对自己太苛刻。根据“You”和“boys”可知,此处指“不应该对自己苛刻”,用you对应的复数反身代词yourselves。故填yourselves。
32. (i)mportance
【详解】句意:许多人逐渐知道了学习英语的重要性。根据“Many people come to know the...of learning English.”可知,the importance of“……的重要性”,the+名词+of结构,importance“重要性”,名词。故填(i)mportance。
33.death
【详解】句意:当我听到我的宠物狗死了,我感觉很伤心。 the+名词+of结构意为“……的……”,death“死亡”,die的名词形式。故填death。
34.lying
【详解】句意:我回家路上注意到地上有一个皮夹子。notice sb./sth. doing sth.“注意到某人/某物正在做某事”,动词短语,此处应用lie的现在分词形式。故填lying。
35.decision
【详解】句意:对我来说做出一个决定并不容易。句子中需要填入一个名词,因为空格前有冠词“a”,通常冠词后接名词。动词“decide”的名词形式是“decision”,表示“决定”。故填decision。
36.hurt
【详解】句意:丽莎踢足球时伤了腿。根据“when she played football.”可知,句子为一般过去时,动词应用过去式hurt。故填hurt。
37.ourselves
【详解】句意:派对非常棒,我们所有人都玩得很开心。“enjoy oneself”是固定短语,意为“玩得开心,过得愉快”。这里主语是“all of us”,对应的反身代词是“ourselves”。故填ourselves。
38. dead death
【详解】句意:我们可爱的猫上周死了,我的小妹妹很伤心。根据“Our lovely cat was ...”可知,第一空要用形容词dead作表语,表示“死了”这种状态;再根据“its”可知,形容词性物主代词后接名词,die的名词为death。故填dead;death。
39.stomachache
【详解】句意:我吃了太多垃圾食品,所以我胃痛。由“I ate too much junk food, so I had a”可知,此句指吃太多垃圾食品胃痛,此空表示“胃痛”,stomach“胃”,stomachache“胃痛”,have a stomachache表示“胃痛”。故填stomachache。
40.myself
【详解】句意:我割伤了自己。我妈妈帮我在伤口上涂了药。由“I cut...helped me put medicine on the cut.”可知,此句指我割伤了自己,此空用反身代词,my“我的”,其反身代词为:myself“我自己”。故填myself。
41.climber
【详解】句意:王富洲是在中国第一个登上喜马拉雅的登山者。根据“Wang Fuzhou is the first mountain”可知,此处需要名词,且是职业类,climber“登山者”符合语境,此处用单数。故填climber。
42.decision
【详解】句意:他决定每周去图书馆做志愿者。根据空格前冠词“a”可知,此处缺少名词,结合所给词可知,decide“决定”,动词原形,其名词形式是decision,make a decision to do sth.“决定做某事”,固定搭配。故填decision。