Topic 01 人文地理二轮复习学案（含答案解析） 2025年初中英语中考传统文化阅读与写作专练(第二期)

2025年初中英语中考传统文化阅读与写作专练
Topic 01 人文地理
话题解读
文化 早知道 中国的人文地理特征丰富多样，每个地方都有其独特之处。北部地区的平原和历史遗迹、东部地区的经济和文化、南部地区的水乡和民俗、西南部地区的山川和民族文化，都是中国人文地理的瑰宝。这些特征不仅展示了中国的历史和文化底蕴，也吸引着无数游客和研究者前来探寻。
考情 早知道 中考对于人文地理的考查主要体现在自然风光、自然景观、人文景观、民族风情、城市历史与发展等方面，旨在考查学生对地理知识的理解和应用能力。例如，2024年福建中考的短文填空介绍了中国的古城西安，2023年吉林中考的阅读理解介绍了一些少数民族的风俗习惯。
Passage 1
完形填空
Have you ever been to the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau(青藏高原)？It 1 in the southwest of China. The weather there 2 a lot in summer. You can experience(体验)“four seasons” in just one day. What is it like
“Spring” morning
In the early morning, it's cool. After the sun comes out, it becomes 3 ,like spring. It's a good time to take a 4 .Slow exercise like this is better here, 5 the plateau is very high, just not right for running.
“Summer” noon
At noon, it's usually sunny and hot. You might feel like it's summer. The sunlight is so strong that you might want to wear a pair of sunglasses. It's good for your 6 in the sun. Sometimes it rains, but the rain doesn't last long. You might see rainbows(彩虹)if you are 7 .
“Autumn” afternoon
In the afternoon, the temperature(气温) 8 quickly, especially after the sun sets. It's cool, just like autumn. You have to put on warm clothes.
“Winter” night
Late at night, it gets cold, like winter. You'd better sleep with a heavy 9 .The rainy season is from June 10 September each year. It often rains at night.
1 A. stands B. ends C. travels D. works
2 A. costs B. talks C. changes D. looks
3 A. warm B. cold C.dry D.wet
4 A. shower B. photo C. walk D. break
5 A. when B. because C. if D. but
6 A. legs B. hands C. ears D. eyes
7 A. lucky B. smart C. cute D. beautiful
8 A. comes back B. goes down C. gives out D. runs away
9 A. shirt B. quilt C. dress D. skirt
10 A. at B. over C. to D. by
文化拓展
青藏高原：守护生态的安全屏障
青藏高原位于中国西南部，被誉为“世界屋脊”“亚洲水塔”。它不仅具有美丽的自然风貌，还是我国乃至世界的“环境驱动源”，是守护国家生态的安全屏障。
青藏高原左右着北半球乃至世界的气候状况。作为隆升的高原，它的存在造就了我国西北干旱、东部湿润的气候格局。作为巨大的冷热源，它直接影响着东亚的季风环流，决定着我国东部地区的旱涝情况。
青藏高原是许多重要河流的发源地。我们的“母亲河”长江、黄河，以及南亚的恒河、印度河等都发源于此，这里丰沛的水量对众多国家的水资源安全起着重要的保障作用。它还是我国湖泊、沼泽分布最集中的区域之一、全球山地冰川最发育的地区，对亚洲众多江河的水源涵养和水文调节具有重要意义。
语篇解读
本文主要介绍了青藏高原夏季的天气。由于地处高原，当地的人能在一天内体验到从春到冬四个季节的天气。
答案详析
1.A 根据空后的“in the southwest of China”可知，此处是在描述青藏高原的位置，指青藏高原位于中国西南部。stand“位于（某处）”，符合语境。
2.C 根据下一句可知，你可以在一天内体验四个季节，故推断青藏高原夏季的天气变化多端。change“变化”，符合语境。
3.A 上一句提到青藏高原夏季的清晨天气凉爽，再结合空后的like spring可推知，此处指太阳出来之后，天气变得暖和起来。
4.C 根据下一句中的“Slow exercise like this is better here”可推知，空处应提到了一项慢运动。take a walk意为“散步”。
5.B 空后的“青藏高原海拔很高，不适合跑步”是空前的“像这样的慢运动在这里更适宜”的原因，故选because.
6.D 根据上一句可知，阳光很强烈，你可能想要戴一副太阳镜，故此处指这样做对眼睛有好处。
7.A 根据空前的You might see rainbows并结合常识可知，此处指如果幸运的话，你可能会看到彩虹。lucky“幸运的”，符合语境。
8.B 根据下一句“It's cool, just like autumn.”可知，下午的天气很凉爽，故推断此处指下午气温下降得很快。go down“下降”，符合语境。
9.B 根据上一句“Late at night, it gets cold, like winter.”可知，深夜，青藏高原的天气就变得像冬天一样寒冷，故此处指你最好盖着厚被子睡觉。
10.C 此处考查固定搭配from...to...“从······到······”，故选to.
Passage 2
阅读理解
The Slender West Lake(瘦西湖)is in Yangzhou. It is such a beautiful lake that nobody should miss it!
The Slender West Lake is as beautiful as the West Lake, but its shape is long and narrow, so it has its name. Visiting the Slender West Lake is just like enjoying a Chinese painting-there are colorful flowers and green trees around it. Famous gardens stand quietly around the lake.
The Five Pavilion Bridge (Wuting Bridge) has a history of more than 200 years. The five pavilions are like five big flowers on the lake. There are 15 holes in the bridge. A beautiful view(风景)can be enjoyed on full-moon nights as“15 moons” will be reflected(映照)on the water. Besides, there are other popular places for visitors to enjoy, such as the Twenty-four Bridge and Wanhua Garden.
The Slender West Lake is famous for its beautiful view, while it is also full of Ghinese culture. Many writers, painters and artists in old times were interested in the sights and left many poems, paintings, handwriting and music. While enjoying the beauty of the Slender West Lake, visitors can also learn about interesting stories of Yangzhou.
1 Why is the lake called the Slender West Lake
A. Because of its color. B. Because of its shape. C. Because of its history. D. Because of its culture.
2 What can we know about the Five Pavilion Bridge
A. It has a long history. B. It is long and narrow.
C. There are 20 holes in it. D. There are five big flowers on it.
3 How many popular places of the Slender West Lake are mentioned in the passage
A.2. B.3. C.4. D.5.
4 Why does the writer say the Slender West Lake is full of Chinese culture
A. Because it lies in the old city Yangzhou.
B. Because it has a history of over 200 years.
C. Because it has many old places for people to visit.
D. Because people in old times left many works about it.
5 What is the writer's purpose(目的) in writing this passage
A. To show how beautiful Yangzhou is.
B. To let readers know more about Yangzhou.
C. To find the best way to visit the Slender West Lake.
D. To tell readers something about the Slender West Lake.
文化拓展
漫步诗画长廊－扬州瘦西湖
瘦西湖是由隋唐大运河水系和隋、唐、宋、元、明、清等不同时代的城壕连缀而成的狭长水体。瘦西湖最早的两段水体形成于隋代。宋元时期，与城壕连接成一个更大范围的水系，成为扬州城的西护城河。瘦西湖水道沿用历代扬州城护城河，并经人工疏浚、凿通，最终在清乾隆年间(1736年－1795年)形成一条连贯细长又富曲折变化的线形水体。
瘦西湖是世界文化遗产大运河的重要组成部分，以一湖碧水为主体景观，拥有徐园、小金山、五亭桥、白塔、二十四桥、万花园、双峰云栈等名园胜迹。2010年，扬州瘦西湖风景区被中华人民共和国国务院授
予国家AAAAA级旅游景区的称号。
语篇解读
本文主要介绍了瘦西湖。它不仅以美景而闻名，也有着丰富的历史与文化内涵。
答案详析
1.B 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“The Slender West Lake...its shape is long and narrow, so it has its name.”可知，瘦西湖和西湖一样美丽，但它的形状又长又窄，因此得名，故瘦西湖因为它的形状而得名。
2.A 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“The Five Pavilion Bridge (Wuting Bridge) has a history of more than 200 years.”可知，五亭桥有200多年的历史，故它历史悠久。
3.B 细节理解题。通读文章内容可知，文章提到了瘦西湖的五亭桥、二十四桥和万花园三个景点。
4.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段前两句可知，瘦西湖以美景闻名于世，同时也充满了中国文化气息。古代许多文人、画家和艺术家都对这里的风景感兴趣，留下了许多诗词、画作、书法和乐曲。由此可推知，作者说瘦西湖有丰富的中国文化是因为古人在这里留下了很多作品。
5.D 推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了瘦西湖的名字由来、美景以及文化底蕴等，故本文主要是为了向读者介绍瘦西湖的一些信息。
Passage 3
阅读理解
China is a large country with different landscapes(风景)。Different kinds of animals and plants live here. The country is moving fast to protect them.
Now China has named its first five national parks. They cover(覆盖) more than 230,000 square kilometers and protect nearly 30% of the country's important wildlife species(物种)．
Giant Panda National Park, for example, protects over 1,30 wild pandas. They are more than 70% of the wild pandas in China. Northeast China Tiger and Leopard National Park is China's important place for Siberian tigers and Amur leopards. There are about 70 Siberian tigers. Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park has the largest tropical forest in China.
The national parks all give a safe home to plants and animals, and are also good for people. Many local(当地的)people have a job to build the national parks. For example, more than 20,000 people have worked in Three-River-Source National Park. They make more money for their family now.
By doing the protection job, more and more people become protectors now. In the future, national parks are expected(期望)to be natural classrooms for everyone. Eco-friendly(生态友好的) travel activities will get popular, allowing people to learn about animals and plants.
1 About_________ of China's important wildlife species are protected in national parks now.
A.13% B.30% C.50% D.70%
2 What can we find in Hainan
A. China's largest tropical forest.
B. Safe home to giant pandas.
C. Green forests for Siberian tigers.
D. The national park for Amur leopards.
3 What might the local people think of the national parks
A. The parks give them a safe home.
B. The parks bring too many visitors to their homes.
C. The parks are great for helping them make money.
D. The parks need more workers to protect the animals.
4 From the passage we can learn that_________.
A. most animals are protected in national parks
B. more national parks will be built in northeast China
C. the best way to protect wildlife is to build national parks
D. more people will know the importance of protecting wildlife
5 Where is the passage probably from
A.A math book. B.A health study. C.A geography book. D.A storybook.
文化拓展
国家公园：家园与梦想
作为中国第一个国家公园体制试点和首批设立的第一个国家公园，三江源国家公园统筹山水林田湖草沙冰一体化保护和系统治理，通过两年多的建设，实现了对长江、黄河、澜沧江源头的整体保护。
正式设园以来，三江源国家公园建设坚持生态保护第一，水资源总量逐年增加，植被覆盖度逐步提高，生物多样性更加丰富，藏羚羊恢复到7万多只；园区内2万多牧民选聘为生态管护员，生产生活方式明显改变，收入不断增加，生活水平逐步改善，生态优势逐渐转化为发展优势。
从雪域高原的三江源头，到南海之滨的热带雨林，从白山黑水的虎豹乐园，到碧水丹霞的武夷山，国家公园建设代表着中国生态文明的新高度，正在实现绿水青山、美丽中国的梦想。
语篇解读
我国已正式设立首批国家公园。本文以其中的四个国家公园为例，呼吁大家重视环境保护，更多地了解动植物。
答案详析
1.B 细节理解题。根据第二段的内容可知，中国现在已经有了首批五个国家公园，它们保护了全国近30%的重要野生动植物种类。
2.A 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park has the largest tropical forest in China.”可知，海南热带雨林国家公园拥有中国最大的热带雨林。
3.C 推理判断题。根据第四段的内容可知，国家公园不仅是动植物的安全家园，对人类也有好处。很多当地人都拥有一份建设公园的工作。例如，三江源国家公园有20000多人在这里工作，他们现在可以为家里挣更多的钱。由此可推知，当地人可能会认为国家公园可以帮助他们赚钱。
4.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知，通过从事保护工作，现在越来越多的人成为保护者。未来，国家公园有望成为每个人的天然课堂，生态友好型旅游活动将越来越受欢迎，让人们了解动植物。由此可推知，越来越多的人将认识到保护野生动植物的重要性。
5.C 推理判断题。通读文章可知，本文主要通过介绍四个国家公园，呼吁大家重视环境保护，更多地了解动植物。由此可推知，本文有可能出自一本地理书。
Passage 4
阅读理解
Thousands of years ago, there lived a man called Shennong. He had an ox (牛)head and a human body. On his way to find the right herb(药草)，Shennong came across a mountain. He built a wooden ladder(木梯)and climbed up the mountain, finding 400 kinds of herb. To remember him, people named the place Shennongjia.
Shennongjia in Hubei is now a popular place for tourists. Traveling there is a special experience, as you can see the scenery(风景)of different seasons from different heights.“When the bottom of the mountain is in summer, the top is in spring. When the bottom is in autumn, the top is covered with ice," local people said. Shennongjia is also home to about 5,000 kinds of animals and plants. Many animals in danger live there, such as the golden monkey, the clouded leopard and the Asian black bear.
One interesting thing about Shennongjia is its legend(传说)of wild men. Some people once said that they saw big human-like wild animals. Are there really wild men in Shennongjia It is sti1 a mystery. Scientists have no good answers yet.
The beautiful place received a special title on July 17, 2016. It was added to the World Heritage List(《世界遗产名录》)as a“ World Natural Heritage Site”。
1 How does the writer start the passage
A. By telling a story. B. By asking questions. C. By giving an example. D. By using numbers.
2 What is special about traveling in Shennongjia
A. People can enjoy the scenery of different seasons.
B. People can see large human-like animals.
C. People can collect different kinds of herbs.
D. People can have a chance to play with the golden monkeys.
3 What does the underlined word “mystery" in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A.原因 B.谜团 C.选择 D.感受
4 What does the passage mainly talk about
A. The World Heritage Sites. B. The legend of Shennong.
C. The amazing Shennongjia. D. The animals living in Shennongjia.
文化拓展
“华中屋脊”神农架
神农架是全球性生物多样性王国，拥有被称为“地球之肺”的亚热带森林生态系统、被称为“地球之肾”的泥炭藓湿地生态系统和被称为“地球免疫系统”的生物多样性，是中国特有属植物最丰富的地区，是世界生物活化石聚集地和古老、珍稀、特有物种避难所，有维管束植物4329种，野生脊椎动物700多种，以及国家重点保护野生动植物226种。
神农架是世界级地史变迁博物馆，地表出露中包括前寒武纪、古生代、中生代、新生代的所有地层单元、地质纪年、山岳奇观、岩溶地貌和古冰川侵蚀遗迹，拥有中元古界、新元古界的标准地质剖面，古生代、中生代、新生代动植物化石群。其自然资源及其生态系统的完整性、原真性、不可再生性和不可复制性全球少有。
语篇解读
神农架是湖北著名的旅游景点，因神农在此架木为梯而得名。2016年，神农架被列入《世界遗产名录》，荣膺“世界自然遗产地”称号。
答案详析
1.A 推理判断题。通读第一段可知，作者在第一段讲述了神农架木为梯的故事。由此可知，作者是通过讲故事的方式开篇的。
2.A 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，在神农架旅行是一种特别的体验，因为人们可以从不同高度看到不同季节的风景。
3.B 词义猜测题。上一句对神农架是否有野人提出了疑问，再结合下一句“Scientists have no good answers yet.”可知，科学家还没有很好的答案。由此可知，此处指这仍然是一个谜团，故推测mystery意为“谜团”。
4.C 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要围绕神农架展开，介绍了神农架的传说、风景、物种等内容，故选C项。
Passage 5
任务型阅读
I come from Jinggangshan in Jiangxi province. 1 I am also a tour guide at Chairman Mao Zedong's former(从前的)house in Jinggangshan. I tell visitors stories about him and other heroes. 2
To many people, my hometown and the color red go hand in hand. 3 It is red because the CPC found a new way to lead the Chinese revolution(领导中国革命)here.
4 Our army couldn't beat its enemies(打败敌人)in cities. So, the CPC needed to find a new way to win. In 1928, the CPC founded the Jinggangshan Revolutionary Base. It was the first rural revolutionary base founded by the CPC. There, the army united(团结)farmers and workers together. 5 Slowly, the army encircled(包围)the cities from the countryside. The Chinese revolution turned a new page.
根据短文内容，从所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
A.I am not just a middle school student. B. In 1927,the CPC met some difficulties. C. And the army also helped them live a better life. D. Now let me tell you more about my hometown. E. It is red not just because of the red plant azaleas on the mountains.
1_____________ 2_____________ 3_____________ 4_____________ 5_____________
文化拓展
“中国革命的摇篮”－井冈山
1927年10月，毛泽东率领秋收起义部队走上井冈山，创建了中国共产党领导的第一个农村革命根据地－井冈山革命根据地。
两年零四个月的井冈山斗争中，有4.8万余人献出了宝贵的生命。在极端困难的条件下，中国共产党人靠着坚定的理想信念和坚强的革命意志，开辟了“农村包围城市、武装夺取政权”的革命道路，点燃了中国革命的星星之火。
2016年2月，习近平总书记在江西看望干部群众时强调指出：“井冈山时期留给我们最为宝贵的财富，就是跨越时空的井冈山精神。今天，我们要结合新的时代条件，坚持坚定执着追理想、实事求是闯新路、艰苦奋斗攻难关、依靠群众求胜利，让井冈山精神放射出新的时代光芒。”
语篇解读
本文介绍了作者的家乡－江西井冈山，以及井冈山的红色革命历史。
答案详析
1.A 空前一句提到作者来自江西井冈山，空后一句提到作者也是一名导游，故空处内容应该与作者的自我介绍有关，故A项“我不仅仅是一名中学生”可承上启下。
2.D 空前内容提到作者来自江西井冈山，是一名导游。根据下文内容可知，作者介绍了井冈山革命根据地的由来，故D项“现在让我告诉你更多关于我家乡的事”可承上启下，符合语境。
3.E 空前一句提到在很多人看来，作者的家乡和红色密切相关，空后一句提到作者的家乡是红色的，因为中国共产党在这里找到了领导中国革命的新途径。由此可推知，空处内容应该与作者的家乡和红色之间的关系有关，故E项“它是红色的，不仅仅是因为山上有红色的植物映山红”可承上启下，符合语境。
4.B 根据空后的内容可知，我们的军队无法打败城里的敌人，所以中国共产党需要找到新的可以获胜的方法。由此可推知，他们遇到了一些困难，故B项“1927年，中国共产党遇到了一些困难”可引出下文，符合语境。
5.C 根据空前的内容可知，1928年，中国共产党建立了井冈山革命根据地。在那里，军队将农民和工人团结在一起。由此可推知，空处内容应该与军队对农民和工人的影响有关，故C项“军队也帮助他们过上了更好的生活”可承接上文，符合语境。
Passage 6
短文填空
阅读短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，在每个空白处填入恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
Shanghai is a busy city in China. It is 1 (real)beautiful at night. It's easy for people to buy things from all over the world there, 2 many visitors come to Shanghai every year. There are also many famous 3 (place) in Shanghai.
Remember to take your camera to take 4 /'piktf z/. People's Square is in the middle of Shanghai. If you go there, you will see a big open 5 /＇e ri /with green grass and trees. There are many new buildings around the square. You will find Shanghai Grand Theater and Shanghai Museum there. 6 (them) are so great and you can learn about Chinese culture.
Pudong New District is in the east of Shanghai. There are many bridges and tunnels(隧道)，so it is easy 7 (travel)between Pudong and Puxi. If you go to Pudong, you can see Oriental Pearl TV Tower and Shanghai Science and Technology Museum.Pudong New District is about 30 kilometers from the airport, but don't worry if you are 8 a hurry. The maglev train(磁悬浮列车)will take you to the airport in only about eight minutes.
If you go to Sheshan, you will see Shanghai Sheshan National Tourist Resort. It 9 (have) a big park. You can see many birds and some old buildings in 10 park. Visitors usually go there to have a good time.
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6_____________ 7_____________ 8_____________ 9_____________ 10_____________
文化拓展
上海：风起东方日日新
黄浦江蜿蜒而过，汇入长江，融入东海。坐拥地利的上海，是全国最大的经济中心城市。
国产大飞机一飞冲天，国产大型邮轮正式出坞，新能源汽车风驰电掣，集成电路“芯”火正旺······这些高端制造、自主制造、智能制造，尽显上海作为经济中心的硬实力。
对普通人来说，上海更多展现的是柔软的人文一面：黄浦江畔，万家灯火；梧桐树下，光影斑驳。无论是外滩、东方明珠等传统地标，还是武康大楼、北外滩等新晋网红打卡点，日常的上海游人如织。
厚植红色文化、海派文化、江南文化资源，上海正在加快建设社会主义国际文化大都市。人文和经济相得益彰、软实力和硬实力相辅相成，让上海焕发出不一样的魔力，也为新时代的城市发展提供了不竭动力。
语篇解读
本文主要介绍了上海的几个特色景点，包括人民广场、浦东新区以及上海佘山国家旅游度假区等。
答案详析
1.really 上海的晚上真的很漂亮。空处所填词修饰形容词beautiful,应用副词，故填real的副词形式really.
2.so/and 空前的“人们很容易在那里买到来自世界各地的东西”与空后的“每年都有许多游客来上海”构成因果关系或顺承关系，故填连词so或and.
3.places 上海也有许多著名的地方。place为可数名词，空前有many修饰，故填其复数形式places.
4.pictures 记得带上你的照相机拍照。根据音标可知，此处应填pictures. take pictures意为“拍照片”。
5.area 你将看到一大片绿草如茵、树木葱茏的开阔地。根据音标可知，此处应填area“地区”。
6.They 它们非常棒，你可以（在这里）了解中国文化。分析句子结构可知，所填词作主语，故填人称代词主格They.所填词位于句首，注意首字母大写。
7.to travel 这里有许多桥梁和隧道，所以浦东和浦西之间的交通很方便。“it's+adj.+to do sth.”意为“做某事是·······的”，为固定用法，故填to travel.
8.in 浦东新区离机场大约30千米，但是如果你赶时间的话不用担心。in a hurry“赶时间；匆忙”，为固定搭配，故填in.
9.has 这里有一个大公园。此处是对客观事实的描述，应用一般现在时，且主语It为第三人称单数，故填have的第三人称单数形式has.
10.the 你可以在这个公园里看到很多鸟和一些古老的建筑。空后的park为可数名词单数形式，且上一句提及了a big park,故此处表示特指，故填定冠词the.
Passage 7
书面表达
假如你是李明，你所在学校目前正在开展“我为家乡代言”的英语主题演讲比赛，请你根据以下提示，写一篇演讲稿，介绍自己的家乡。
要点提示：
1.地理位置和历史；
2.最佳的旅游季节(推荐一处旅游地并说明推荐理由)；
3.家乡人正努力保护环境(举1~2个事例)；
4.你的祝愿。
注意事项：
1.演讲稿必须包括所给要点内容，可作适当发挥，要求语句通顺，意思连贯；
2.文中不得提及真实的人名等相关信息；
3.词数在80~100左右，文章开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
My hometown
Dear teachers and students,
I'm Li Ming in Grade 7.Today I'd like to introduce my hometown-_________to you.
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That's all for my speech. Thank you for listening.
参考范文：
My hometown
Dear teachers and students,
I'm Li Ming in Grade 7. Today I'd like to introduce my hometown-Jinan to you.
Jinan is a city in the middle of Shandong. It has a long history and is famous for its springs. That's why it's called the City of Springs. The best time to visit Jinan is in autumn. The spring water of Baotu Spring in autumn is especially clear. You can walk by it and enjoy the ancient buildings around it.
In order to make Jinan a better city, we are working hard to protect the environment. We plant lots of trees every year. I hope my hometown will become more and more beautiful.
That's all for my speech. Thank you for listening.