知识过关第3讲 语法 核心考点集训】2025春外研版英语七年级下册期中复习学案(原卷版 解析版)

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名称 知识过关第3讲 语法 核心考点集训】2025春外研版英语七年级下册期中复习学案(原卷版 解析版)
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/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
知识过关第3讲 语法
一般过去时
定义
一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用,如 yesterday(昨天)、last week(上周)、ago(…… 以前)、in 2020(在 2020 年)等。例如:I went to the park yesterday.(我昨天去了公园。)
动词变化规则
规则动词
一般在动词原形末尾加 -ed。例如:work - worked,play - played。
以不发音的字母 e 结尾的动词,直接加 -d。例如:live - lived,hope - hoped。
以 “辅音字母 + y” 结尾的动词,先把 y 变为 i,再加 -ed。例如:study - studied,carry - carried。
以重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,先双写这个辅音字母,再加 -ed。例如:stop - stopped,drop - dropped。
不规则动词
有一些动词的过去式是不规则的,需要特殊记忆。例如:be - was/were,go - went,have - had,do - did 等。
句式结构
be 型
肯定句:主语 + was/were + 表语。例如:She was happy yesterday.(她昨天很开心。)
否定句:主语 + was/were + not + 表语。例如:He was not at home last night.(他昨晚不在家。)
一般疑问句:Was/Were + 主语 + 表语?例如:Were you at school this morning (你今天早上在学校吗?)
特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词 + was/were + 主语 + 其他?例如:Where was she yesterday (她昨天在哪里?)
实义动词型
肯定句:主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他。例如:They played basketball last weekend.(他们上周末打篮球了。)
否定句:主语 + didn't + 动词原形 + 其他。例如:He didn't go to the cinema yesterday.(他昨天没去看电影。)
一般疑问句:Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?例如:Did you see him last night (你昨晚看见他了吗?)
特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?例如:What did you do last Sunday (你上周日做什么了?)
用法
表示过去的动作或状态
强调动作在过去某个时间发生,与现在没有直接关系。例如:I saw a movie last night.(我昨晚看了一场电影。)
描述过去存在的状态。例如:He was ill last week.(他上周生病了。)
表示过去的习惯或经常发生的动作
常与 often(经常)、always(总是)、usually(通常)等频度副词连用。例如:When I was a child, I often played games with my friends.(当我还是个孩子的时候,我经常和朋友们一起玩游戏。)
时间状语
表示过去具体时间点:yesterday(昨天)、yesterday morning/afternoon/evening(昨天上午 / 下午 / 晚上)、last night/week/month/year(昨晚 / 上周 / 上月 / 去年)、in 2020/2021 等(在 2020 年 / 2021 年等)、on Monday/Tuesday 等(在周一 / 周二等,具体指过去的某一天)、at 8 o'clock yesterday(昨天 8 点)。例如:I got up at 7 o'clock yesterday morning.(我昨天早上 7 点起床。)
表示过去时间段:for two days/three weeks/five months 等(持续两天 / 三周 / 五个月等),但要注意与现在完成时中 “for + 时间段” 的区别,一般过去时只是单纯描述过去某段时间内发生的动作,与现在无关。例如:He stayed in Beijing for a week last year.(他去年在北京待了一周。)
其他时间状语:ago(…… 以前),如 two days ago(两天前)、a month ago(一个月前);just now(刚才);the other day(前几天);once upon a time(从前)等。例如:I met her in the street just now.(我刚才在街上遇见了她。)
不定代词
定义
不指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫做不定代词。不定代词表示各种程度和各种类型的不定意义,它们在逻辑意义上是数量词,具有整体或局部的意义。
常见不定代词及用法
both, either 与 neither
both:表示 “两者都”,常与 and 连用。作主语时,谓语动词用复数。例如:Both Tom and Jerry like ice cream.(汤姆和杰瑞都喜欢冰淇淋。)
either:指 “两者中任意一个”,常与 or 连用。作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数。例如:You can take either of the pens.(这两支钢笔你可以拿任意一支。)
neither:表示 “两者中没有一个(全否定)”,通常与 nor 连用,作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数。例如:Neither of the books is interesting.(这两本书都没趣。)
all, any 与 none
all:指 “三个或三个以上的人或物的全部”。作主语时,谓语动词根据所修饰名词的情况而定,修饰可数名词复数时用复数,修饰不可数名词时用单数。例如:All the students are here.(所有学生都在这儿。)All the water is clean.(所有的水都是干净的。)
any:指 “三个或三个以上的人或物中的任意一个”,只能作定语,常用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中,也可用于肯定句中表示 “任何”。例如:Are there any boy students on the playground (操场上有男学生吗?)I can see you any time on Monday.(星期一任何时间我都能见你。)
none:表示 “三个或三个以上的人或物中没有一个(全否定)”,相当于 not any,作主语时,谓语动词可用单数也可用复数(正式文体多用单数)。例如:None of the students has/have arrived yet.(学生们一个都还没到。)
a few, a little, few, little
a few和a little:表示肯定含义,意为 “一些”,a few 修饰可数名词,a little 修饰不可数名词。例如:He has a few interests outside his work.(工作之外他有一些兴趣爱好。)There is a little water in the bottle.(瓶子里有一点水。)
few和little:表示否定含义,意为 “几乎没有”,few 修饰可数名词,little 修饰不可数名词。例如:He has few interests outside his work.(工作之外他几乎没有兴趣爱好。)There is little water in the bottle.(瓶子里几乎没有水。)
some 与 any
some:通常用于肯定句中,表示未知的、一些或若干的量。在疑问句中,表示建议、请求或希望得到肯定回答。例如:There are some books on the table.(桌子上有一些书。)Would you like some tea (你想喝点茶吗?)
any:常用于否定句或疑问句中,表示未知的、一个或若干的量。在表示请求或建议的疑问句中,也可以用于肯定句,表示 “任何一个”。例如:I don't have any money.(我没有钱。)Do you have any questions (你有问题吗?)You can take any book you like.(你可以拿任何你喜欢的书。)
不定代词的主谓一致
单数形式的不定代词,如 each, another, the other, either, neither,以及由 some/any/no/every + one/thing 构成的复合代词(如 someone, anyone, nothing 等)作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
none 作主语时,如果指人或可数的物,且强调数目,谓语动词单复数形式都可,这取决于说话人的看法;表示人时,谓语动词用复数;表示物时,谓语动词用单数。
most/the rest/the last/the remainder of 等结构中,如果 of 后面的名词是单数,则用单数谓语动词;如果 of 后面的名词表示复数,则用复数谓语动词。
形容词修饰不定代词
当形容词修饰不定代词时,形容词通常位于不定代词之后,形成 “不定代词 + 形容词” 的结构。例如:something interesting(一些有趣的事情),nothing important(没有什么重要的事)。
系动词的定义
系动词本身有词义,但不能单独作谓语,必须和表语一起连用构成谓语,用来表示主语的状态、性质、特征或者身份。
系动词的分类
状态系动词:be 动词(am/is/are/was/were)是最常用的状态系动词,表示 “是”“存在” 等状态,其形式要根据主语的人称和数进行变化。例如:He is a student.(他是一名学生。)
感官系动词:包括 look(看起来)、feel(摸起来 / 感觉)、smell(闻起来)、sound(听起来)、taste(尝起来),用于描述通过感官感知到的主语的特性。例如:The flower smells sweet.(这朵花闻起来很香。)
变化系动词:如 become(变成,成为)、get(变得,多用于口语)、grow(逐渐变得)、turn(转变,常用于颜色、天气变化)等,强调主语的状态或性质发生变化。例如:The leaves turn yellow in autumn.(树叶在秋天变黄。)
持续系动词:有 keep(保持)、remain(仍然是)、stay(保持)等,用于描述状态的持续。例如:Please keep quiet in the library.(在图书馆请保持安静。)
系动词用法特点
(一)后接表语特性
系动词后面要紧接表语,可担当表语的成分丰富多样,包括形容词、名词、代词、数词、副词、介词短语、动名词、动词不定式、从句等 。例如:
接形容词:“The cake tastes delicious.”(“delicious” 为形容词,描述蛋糕的味道) 。
接名词:“She is a student.”(“a student” 是名词,说明主语身份) 。
接介词短语:“The book is on the desk.”(“on the desk” 表明书的位置) 。
(二)无被动语态
系动词的一大显著特点是没有被动语态 。比如 “The song sounds beautiful.”,不能写成 “The song is sounded beautiful.” 。因为系动词是用来连接主语和表语,阐述主语状态、特征等,并非像实义动词那样强调动作,自然不存在被动形式。
(三)部分系动词的进行时态
部分系动词,像 “be”“look”“taste” 等,可用于进行时态 ,但要留意其意义变化。例如:
“The cake is tasting good.”(此刻品尝蛋糕,给人不错的口感,强调当下的体验) 。
“She is being kind.”(此处并非描述她一贯的性格友善,而是指此刻她表现出的友善行为,带有一种短暂、临时的意味) 。
1.—Tom, what about ________ tennis today
—That ________ boring. I don’t like it.
A.play; sound B.plays; sounds
C.playing; sound D.playing; sounds
2.The dog ________ under the tree and seemed very tired.
A.lies B.lay C.lain D.lying
3.Two days ago, he _______, but now he’s still _______.
A.goes boating; tired B.went boating; tired C.goes boating; surprised D.went boating; surprised
4.Dear, the noodles ________ a little salty, but I’m happy that you cook them by yourself.
A.feel B.smell C.look D.taste
5.—Let’s go to the zoo this weekend.
—That ________ like a good idea.
A.sounds B.listens C.hears D.looks
6.— Your skirt ________ so special.
— Oh yes, it’s very popular these days. It’s a horse-face skirt.
A.looks B.feels C.smells D.sounds
7.If you want to know how good the soup is, you have to __________ it, not just look at it.
A.smell B.sound C.taste D.look
8.There is ________ milk in the glass. I need to buy some.
A.few B.a few C.little D.a little
9.—Shall I come to the hospital for my heart trouble on Thursday or on Friday, Dr. Smith
—_________ is OK. I’m at work these days.
A.Either B.Both C.Neither D.None
10.—Which one do you like better, rock climbing or mountain climbing
—________. I don’t like outdoor activities.
A.Either B.Both C.Neither D.None
11.The twin sisters are good at singing and ________ of them have a talent for music.
A.neither B.either C.both D.all
12.—What ________ you ________ yesterday afternoon
—I went to see a movie Zootopia.
A.do; do B.did; do C.are; doing D.did; did
13.I ________ Peter just now when I was having lunch.
A.see B.will see C.saw D.have seen
14.________ November 25th, he ________ the first prize in the competition.
A.In, won B.On, won C.On, wins D.For, won
15.The two children ________ the Great Wall with their parents five years ago.
A.visit B.will visit C.visited D.are visiting
16.Don’t worry about my homework, Mom. My brother ________ me very carefully at home yesterday.
A.teaches B.will teach C.taught D.is teaching
17.I _________ the bus to school every day when I was in primary school.
A.take B.am taking C.took D.will take
18.When I ________ 12 years old, I often ________ to see movies.
A.was; went B.was; go C.am; go D.were; went
19.—What did you do during the Dragon Boat Festival
—I ________ the boat races on TV and read books.
A.watch B.watched C.am watching D.will watch
20.I ________ sad last week because I lost the chance to join the school football team.
A.felt B.feel C.saw D.see
21.Last year, he ________ in the Beijing Marathon.
A.take part B.takes part C.took part D.will take part
22.Last month I ________ a book. That is to say, I ________ a book since last month.
A.have kept; have kept B.have kept; have borrowed
C.borrowed; have kept D.borrowed; have borrowed
23.He ________ his breath for a long time when he saw the snake.
A.held B.holds C.is holding D.will hold
24.________ you ever ________ a comment about the book
A.Do; make B.Did; make C.Were; make D.Was; make
25.Tom ________ late for school this morning.
A.is B.was C.are D.were
26.They ________ a new library in our school last year.
A.build B.built C.builds D.are building
27.He ________ happy when he was young.
A.wasn’t B.weren’t C.didn’t be D.isn’t
28.________ you ever ________ to the magical Disney Land when you were in Shanghai last year
A.Was; go B.Do; go C.Were; go D.Did; go
29.Most of his phone calls were from the parents of the sick children. They ________ for information about their children.
A.would telephone B.have telephoned
C.are telephoning D.telephoned
30.I_________in a big city with many beautiful places for about two months last year.
A.am B.was C.were D.will be
31.—Matt ________ to read 100 books in college four years ago. He actually made it.
—I guess it ________ him a fortune to buy all the books he liked but it was all worth it.
A.plans; cost B.was planning; has cost
C.planned; was costing D.planned; cost
32.The Titanic, a passenger ship, ________ in an accident in 1912 when the ship crashed a piece of iceberg.
A.sinks B.sink C.sank D.sunk
33.My grandpa ________ live in the countryside, but now he ________ living in the city.
A.used to; is used to B.is used to; used to
C.used to; used to D.is used to; is used to
34.In winter the freezing wind ________ across the floor all night long.
A.sweep B.swept C.go D.went
35.—Do you like country music
—Yes. It ________ nice and full of feelings.
A.looks B.tastes C.hears D.sounds
36.The food ________ the apple pie. It smells so_________.
A.smells, good B.smells like, good C.smells, well D.smells like, well
37.This piece of music sounds ________. It sounds ________ Mozart’s.
A.great; as B.greatly; as C.great; like D.greatly; like
38.The light music sounds very _______.
A.well B.nicely C.beautiful D.wonderfully
39.There is only ________ milk in the fridge. I need to buy some later.
A.a little B.few C.little D.a few
40.—When are we going to see the movie The legend of 1900, this afternoon or tonight
—________ is OK. I’m free today.
A.Either B.Neither C.Both D.All
41.— Excuse me, can I park in the street
— I’m sorry. You can park on ______ side of the street, or you will be fined.
A.both B.either C.neither D.none
42.— You mean I can easily visit ________ in one day
— You see, the Sun Tzu Cultural Park is near the Dongying History Museum.
A.all B.either C.both D.neither
43.—Must you go to the bank now
—Yes. My money is running out, and I want to draw some before I have ________ in hand.
A.none B.no one C.neither D.nothing
44.Mike tried on three jackets, but ______ of them fitted him.
A.both B.all C.neither D.none
45.—How could you know she is satisfied with the result
—A smile ________ slowly across her face.
A.flew B.raised C.spread D.covered
46.—Have you been to Jiangsu Garden Expo Park It’s showing main gardens around Jiangsu.
—Yes. I ________ it with my relatives the other day.
A.visit B.will visit C.visited D.have visited
47.The other day, my sister and I ________ the ways of learning English.
A.have talked about B.are talking about
C.talk about D.talked about
48.My brother ________ a dog as a pet last week.
A.buy B.buys C.bought D.buying
49.I didn’t find the way to the hotel. I ________.
A.get lost B.lost my way C.was losing D.lose way
50.The baby ________ for a long time because his mum wasn’t here.
A.cried B.cries C.cry D.cryed
51.Marco Polo ________ to China with his father and uncle.
A.come B.came C.comes D.coming
52.Three years ago, she ________ believe that happiness was just simple and easy.
A.doesn’t B.wasn’t C.didn’t D.isn’t
53.In my school days, I ________ a lot of reading in English every day. That was how I learned English at that time.
A.do B.did C.have done D.will do
54.It’s a year since I ________ the company’s shares (股票). They are really difficult to ________.
A.have had; dispose B.bought; dispose of
C.have had; dispose of D.bought; dispose
55.—There was a guide wanted for the butterfly house last week. Who got the job at last
—Oh, Tony _______.
A.got B.did C.gets D.does
56.—What’s up You look sad!
—I fell off the tree. ________, I ________ get hurt (受伤).
A.Unluckily; didn’t B.Luckily; don’t
C.Unluckily; don’t D.Luckily; didn’t
57.When Peter was five, he ________ drawing.
A.is good at B.am good at C.was good at D.is good for
58.China ________ (发射) its Shenzhou 14 on June 5th, 2022 and the three taikonauts (太空人) will ________ 6 months on the space mission.
A.launches; pay B.will launch; spend C.launched; spend D.launches; paid
59.—Can anyone give me an example of an event in the past
—I can. ________
A.Shenzhou XVI will come back.
B.Quan Hongchan won the gold medal.
C.I am taking the English exam.
D.My classmate is going to watch a film.
60.—Everything was in a mess. The rubbish ________ everywhere, some children were running around and the tap was dripping.
—So we ________ the floor, turned off the tap and cleaned the desks.
A.was lying; swept B.lay; sweep
C.was laying; swept D.lied; sweep
61.When summer came, many old people ________ sitting under the trees and talking with each other.
A.are used to B.got used to C.used to D.use to
62.—The astronauts (宇航员) Gui Haichao and Zhu Yangzhu said their dream of flying into space ________ on May 30th, 2023.
—That’s because they always work hard.
A.come true B.came true C.get up D.got up
63.—How did you manage to finish the race
—I just kept pushing myself, and I’ll never forget that moment I ________ the finish line.
A.cross B.crossed C.will cross D.have crossed
64.She ________ a doctor from 1997 to 2001.
A.is B.was C.are D.were
65.She finished her homework, ________ a book, and started reading.
A.takes B.took C.taking D.take
66.Sally and her friends ________ the game, but they played their best and learned a lot from it.
A.watched B.won C.didn’t watch D.didn’t win
67.Tom ________ happy to play chess with her brother yesterday.
A.be B.is C.was D.were
68.—How much homework has Tom finished
— ________ at all. He just sits there, wondering which part to begin with.
A.Anything B.None C.No one D.Nobody
69.—My grandma always told us that the moon ________ energy to the earth together with the light that it produced.
—________ she I’m sure you know the fact after our geography class.
A.sends; Does B.sends; Did C.sent; Did D.sent; Does
70.—This smart phone _______ me almost ten thousand yuan but I regret buying it now.
—Why ________ you think twice before you ________ a decision
A.costs; don’t…make B.costs; did...made
C.cost; did...made D.cost; didn’t...made
参考答案
1.D
【详解】句意:——汤姆,今天打网球怎么样?——那听起来很无聊。我不喜欢。
考查动名词和系动词。play玩;sound听起来。根据“what about…”表示“……怎么样”可知,后面接动名词,用来提出建议或询问对方的意见。而对于第二空,That在这里作主语,指代上文提到的“打网球”这件事,是第三人称单数形式,句子时态是一般现在时,所以谓语动词sound要用第三人称单数形式sounds。故选D。
2.B
【详解】句意:狗躺在树下,看起来很累。
考查动词时态。根据句子结构,该空是句子的谓语,由句中“seemed”可知,该句使用了一般过去时态,因此这里应填过去式lay。故选B。
3.B
【详解】句意:两天前,他去划船了,但是现在他仍然很累。
考查一般过去时。go boating去划船;tired累的;surprised惊讶的,根据第一个空前的“Two days ago”可知,时态是一般过去时,排除A和C,由“but now he’s still”可知,应该是现在仍然很累,排除D,故选B。
4.D
【详解】句意:亲爱的,这面条有点咸,但我很高兴是你自己煮的。
考查动词辨析。feel摸起来;smell闻起来;look看起来;taste尝起来。根据“the noodles...a little salty”可知,此处指面条尝起来有点咸。故选D。
5.A
【详解】句意:——这个周末我们去动物园吧。——那听起来是个好主意。
考查动词辨析。sounds听起来;listens听;hears听见;looks看起来。根据“Let’s go to the zoo this weekend.”和“That...like a good idea.”可知,此处表示接受对方的建议,应是听起来是个好主意。故选A。
6.A
【详解】句意:——你的裙子看起来很特别。——哦是的,它最近非常受欢迎。它是马面裙。
考查感官动词。looks看起来;feels感觉;smells闻起来;sounds听起来。根据“skirt”以及“special”可知,裙子看起来特别,故选A。
7.C
【详解】句意:如果你想判断汤的味道如何,你必须品尝它,而不仅仅是看着它。
考查动词辨析。smell闻起来;sound听起来;taste品尝;look看。根据“If you want to know how good the soup is”以及后半句“not just look at it”可知,要想知道汤的好坏,不仅要看,必须要品尝。故选C。
8.C
【详解】句意:杯子里没有牛奶,我需要买一些。
考查不定代词辨析。few几乎没有;a few有一点;little几乎没有;a little有一点。“milk”是不可数名词,“few” 和“a few”修饰可数名词,故排除A和B;根据“I need to buy some.”可知,杯子里几乎没有牛奶了,所以要去买一些,故选C。
9.A
【详解】句意:——史密斯医生,我应该在星期四还是星期五来医院治疗心脏病 ——哪天都可以。我这几天都上班。
考查代词辨析。Either两者中的任何一个;Both两者都;Neither两者都不;None三者或以上都不。根据“I’m at work these days.”可知,医生这几天都在岗,星期四和星期五这两天中任何一天都可以看病,either符合语境。故选A。
10.C
【详解】句意:——你更喜欢哪一个,攀岩还是登山?——两者都不。我不喜欢户外活动。
考查代词辨析。Either两者中的任意一个;Both两者都;Neither两者都不;None三者或以上都不。根据“I don’t like outdoor activities.”可知,说话人对攀岩和登山都不喜欢。故选C。
11.C
【详解】句意:这对双胞胎姐妹擅长唱歌,她们俩都有音乐天赋。
考查代词辨析。neither(两者)都不;either(两者之中)任意一个;both(两者)都;all(三者或三者以上)都。根据“The twin sisters are good at singing”和“of them have a talent for music”可知,本句表示两姐妹都有音乐天赋,both of them表示“她们俩都……”。故选C。
12.B
【详解】句意:——你昨天下午做了什么?——我去看了电影《疯狂动物城》。
考查特殊疑问句及时态。根据“yesterday afternoon”可知,时态为一般过去时,助动词用did,主语后用动词原形do。故选B。
13.C
【详解】句意:我刚才在吃午饭的时候看见彼得了。
考查时态。根据“when I was having lunch”可知,此处指过去的事情,用一般过去时。故选C。
14.B
【详解】句意:11月25日,他在比赛中获得一等奖。
考查介词辨析及时态。In在;On在(某一天);For为了。根据第一个空空后的“November 25th”表示具体的一天可知,此处用介词on,且表示过去的事情,时态为一般过去时。故选B。
15.C
【详解】句意:五年前,这两个孩子和父母一起参观了长城。
考查时态。根据“five years ago”可知,时态为一般过去时。故选C。
16.C
【详解】句意:别担心我的作业,妈妈。昨天我哥哥在家里非常仔细地教我了。
考查动词时态。根据“yesterday”可知,时态为一般过去时,谓语动词teach“教”,过去式为taught。故选C。
17.C
【详解】句意:我上小学的时候每天坐公共汽车上学。
考查动词时态。根据“when I was in primary school”可知,此处指过去经常性的动作,时态为一般过去时,用动词过去式。故选C。
18.A
【详解】句意:当我12岁时,我经常去看电影。
考查时态。根据“When I...12 years old,”可知,此处表示过去的一段时间的状态,故时态应为一般过去时,此处主语为I,be动词应用was,排除C和D;第二个空表示过去一段时间经常的动作,时态也应为一般过去时。故选A。
19.B
【详解】句意:——端午节期间你做了什么?——我在电视上看了划船比赛,还看了书。
考查时态。根据“What did you do during the Dragon Boat Festival ”的时态为一般过去时可知,此处询问过去的事情,所以B项符合。故选B。
20.A
【详解】句意:上周我感到很难过,因为我失去了加入学校足球队的机会。
考查动词辨析及时态。felt感觉到,过去式;feel感觉到,动词原形;saw看见,过去式;see看见,动词原形。根据“last week”可知,句子时态为一般过去时;根据空后的“sad”为形容词可知,此处应用系动词felt构成系表结构。故选A。
21.C
【详解】句意:去年,他参加了北京马拉松。
考查动词时态。句子中的时间状语是“Last year”,表示过去的动作,因此需要使用一般过去时。故选C。
22.C
【详解】句意:上个月我借了一本书。也就是说,我从上个月开始就借了一本书。
考查动词的时态。根据第一个空前的“Last month”可知,此处指过去的事情,应用一般过去时;根据第二个空后的“since last month”可知,此处用现在完成时,且表示动作的延续,谓语动词需用延续性动词“have kept”。故选C。
23.A
【详解】句意:当他看到那条蛇时,他屏住呼吸了好长时间。
考查动词时态。根据saw可知,此句是一般过去时,动词用过去式,故选A。
24.B
【详解】句意:你曾经对这本书发表过评论吗?
考查一般过去时和一般疑问句。根据“ever”可知,这是一个关于过去的经历的问题,因此需要使用过去时态,且此句为一般疑问句。句中含有实义动词make,一般疑问句要借助于助动词do的过去式did,后面动词用原形的make。故选B。
25.B
【详解】句意:Tom今天早上迟到了。
考查be动词及一般过去时。is是,be的三单形式;was是,am或is的过去式;are是,be的复数形式;were是,are的过去式。根据“this morning”可知,句子时态是一般过去时,主语Tom是第三人称单数,be动词用was,故选B。
26.B
【详解】句意:他们去年在我们学校建了一座新图书馆。
考查时态。根据时间状语“last year”可知表示过去动作,用一般过去时,谓语用过去式“built”。故选B。
27.A
【详解】句意:当他年轻时,他不快乐。
考查一般过去时和主谓一致。此句为when引导的时间状语从句,空处位于主句且位于形容词happy前,主句为“主系表”结构,空处填be动词。根据“when he was young”可知,主句时态为一般过去时,空处位于第三人称单数主语He后,be动词用was,表否定用wasn’t。故选A。
28.D
【详解】句意:去年你在上海的时候,去过神奇的迪士尼乐园吗?
考查一般过去时。last year意思是“去年”,常用于一般过去时。go为实义动词原形,提问需借助助动词did,故选D。
29.D
【详解】句意:他的大部分电话都来自生病孩子的父母。他们打电话询问有关他们孩子的情况。
考查时态。根据“Most of his phone calls were from the parents of the sick children.”可知,这里描述的是过去的事情,动词应用过去式,故选D。
30.B
【详解】句意:去年,我在一个有很多美丽地方的大城市待了大约两个月。
考查一般过去时。根据时间状语“for about two months last year”可知,事情发生在过去,且持续了约两个月,符合一般过去时的使用条件;又因主语为“I”,所以搭配的be动词过去式只能是was。故选B。
31.D
【详解】句意:——Matt四年前计划在大学里读100本书。他真的做到了。——我想他花了一大笔钱买了所有他喜欢的书,但这一切都是值得的。
考查动词时态。根据语境及时间状语“four years ago”可知,是发生在过去的事,所以句子时态均为一般过去时,plan的过去式是planned,cost的过去式是cost。故选D。
32.C
【详解】句意:客轮泰坦尼克号在1912年的一次事故中撞上了一块冰山而沉没。
考查时态。根据“in 1912”可知,时态为一般过去时,此处用过去式形式sank。故选C。
33.A
【详解】句意:我爷爷过去住在农村,但现在他习惯了住在城市。
考查动词短语。used to do sth.过去常常做某事;be used to doing sth.习惯做某事。根据第一个空后的“live”为动词原形可知,此处指爷爷过去住在农村;根据第二个空后的“living”为动名词可知,此处指他习惯了住在城市,结合选项可知,A项符合。故选A。
34.B
【详解】句意:冬天,寒冷的风整夜吹过地面。
考查动词辨析及时态。sweep猛烈吹过;swept猛烈吹过,过去式;go去;went去,过去式。根据“wind”可知,此处应是指刮风,sweep across“席卷; 横扫”,是固定词组;句子中的时间状语“all night long”暗示动作发生在过去,需使用过去式。故选B。
35.D
【详解】句意:——你喜欢乡村音乐吗?——是的。它听上去很好,并且充满感情。
考查动词辨析。looks看起来,感官动词;tastes尝起来,感官动词;hears听到,及物动词,强调结果;sounds听起来,感官动词。空格后“nice”为形容词,因此此处要用感官动词,结合“country music”可知,音乐是听起来很好。故选D。
36.B
【详解】句意:食物闻起来像苹果派。它闻起来很好。
考查动词短语和形容词的用法。smells闻起来,动词三单形式;good好的,形容词;smells like闻起来像;well好,副词。根据“The food...the apple pie.”可知此处表示“闻起来像”,用“smells like”;根据“smells so...”可知此处smell是系动词,后面用形容词“good”。故选B。
37.C
【详解】句意:这首曲子听起来很棒,听起来像莫扎特的。
考查感官动词sound。根据“This piece of music sounds …. It sounds …Mozart’s.”可知,第一空的sound为系动词,后接形容词,因此排除选项BD;第二空为固定短语sound like意为“听起来像”。故选C。
38.C
【详解】句意:轻音乐听起来很美。
考查形容词和副词辨析。well健康的,好地;nicely很好地;beautiful美丽的;wonderfully精彩地。sound为感官动词,后接形容词作表语。结合“The light music”可知,轻音乐应是听起来优美。故选C。
39.A
【详解】句意:冰箱里只有一点牛奶了。我稍后需要去买一些。
考查代词辨析。a little有一点,少量,修饰不可数名词;few几乎没有,修饰可数名词复数;little几乎没有,修饰不可数名词;a few有几个,一些,修饰可数名词复数。空后“milk”为不可数名词,应用“a little”或“little”修饰,排除B和D;再根据“There is only”可知,冰箱里还有一些牛奶,只是数量不多了,需要再去买一些,应用“a little”,排除C。故选A。
40.A
【详解】句意:——我们什么时候去看电影《海上钢琴师》,今天下午还是今天晚上?——都可以。我今天有空。
考查代词辨析。Either两者择一;Neither两者都不;Both两者都;All三者及以上都。根据“this afternoon or tonight”和“I’m free today.”可知,这两个时间点任何一个都可以,故选A。
41.C
【详解】句意:——打扰一下,我能把车停在街上吗?——对不起。你不可以把车停在街道两边,否则你会被罚款的。
考查不定代词的辨析。both两者都;either两者之一;neither两者都不;none三者或三者以上的都不。根据下文“or you will be fined”可知,这里是说“在路两边不能停车”,所以这里用neither。故选C。
42.C
【详解】句意:——你的意思是我可以在一天内轻松地参观这两个地方?——你看,孙子文化公园就在东营历史博物馆附近。
考查不定代词的用法。all所有;either两者中的任意一个;both两者都;neither两者都不。根据“the Sun Tzu Cultural Park is near the Dongying History Museum”可知,对话中提到了两个地点(孙子文化公园和东营历史博物馆),所以问句询问的是能否一天内游览这两个地方,故选C。
43.A
【详解】句意:——你必须现在去银行吗?——是的,我的钱快用完了,我想在手里没钱之前取一些。
考查代词辨析。none没有;no one没有人;neither两者都不;nothing没有什么。根据“My money is running out, and I want to draw some before I have...in hand”可知,此处表示手里没有钱,应用none。故选A。
44.D
【详解】句意:迈克试了三件夹克,但没有一件适合他。
考查代词辨析。both两者都;all(三者及以上)都;neither两者都不;none(三者及以上)都不。根据“Mike tried on three jackets”可知,三件夹克都不合身。故选D。
45.C
【详解】句意:——你怎么知道她对结果满意?——一个微笑慢慢地在她的脸上扩散开来。
考查动词辨析。flew飞,fly的过去式;raised升起,抬起,raise的过去式;spread展开,传播;covered覆盖,cover的过去式。根据句意可知,这里是描述笑容在她脸上绽放开来,spread“展开”符合语境,时态为一般过去时,spread过去式为spread。故选C。
46.C
【详解】句意:——你去过江苏园博园吗?它展示了江苏周围的主要花园。——对。前几天我和亲戚一起去了那里。
考查动词的时态辨析。根据“I…it with my relatives the other day.”中“the other day”可知,句子时态为一般过去时,谓语动词应用其过去式形式,visit“参观”,其过去式形式“visited”,符合语境。故选C。
47.D
【详解】句意:前几天,我和我的姐姐讨论了学习英语的方法。
考查动词时态。have talked about现在完成时;are talking about现在进行时;talk about一般现在时;talked about一般过去时。根据“The other day”可知,句子是一般过去时,谓语动词需用过去式。故选D。
48.C
【详解】句意:我弟弟上周买了一只狗当作宠物。
考查动词的时态。buy买,动词原形;buys买,动词第三人称单数;bought买,动词过去式;buying买,现在分词或动名词。根据“last week”可知,本句时态为一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式。故选C。
49.B
【详解】句意:我找不到去酒店的路。我迷路了。
考查动词短语及时态辨析。get lost迷路,动词原形;lost my way迷路;用于一般过去时;was losing正在失去,过去进行时;lose way“迷路”,动词原形。分析题干,“迷路”可用“get lost”或“lose one’s way”表达,又结合前句中的助动词didn’t可知,该句时态为一般过去时,应用lose的过去式lost作谓语。故选B。
50.A
【详解】句意:婴儿哭了很长时间,因为他的妈妈不在这里。
考查动词时态。根据“The baby … for a long time because his mum wasn’t here.”可知,时态为一般过去时,应用动词cry的过去式cried。故选A。
51.B
【详解】句意:马可波罗和他的父亲、叔叔一起来到中国。
考查一般过去时。根据“Marco Polo…to China with his father and uncle.”可知马可波罗来中国是过去发生的事情,故用一般过去时,应用come的过去式came,故选B。
52.C
【详解】句意:三年前,她不相信幸福就是简单和容易。
考查时态及助动词。doesn’t一般现在时态的否定形式;wasn’t一般过去时态的否定形式;didn’t一般过去时态的否定形式;isn’t一般现在时态的否定形式。根据时间状语Three years ago“三年前”可知用一般过去时态,故排除A,D。believe相信,是实意动词,变否定句时要借助助动词did。故选C。
53.B
【详解】句意:在我上学的时候,我每天都阅读大量英语。那时我就是这样学习英语的。
考查动词时态。do一般现在时;did一般过去时;have done现在完成时;will do一般将来时。根据下文“That was how I learned English at that time.”可知,是过去发生的事情,所以句子时态要用一般过去时,因此B选项正确。这里要注意,every day虽然常与一般现在时连用,但此句语境是描述过去每天发生的事情。故选B。
54.B
【详解】句意:我买这家公司的股票已经一年了。它们真的很难处理掉。
考查时态和词义辨析。根据“It’s a year since I...the company’s shares”可知,此处是since引导的时间状语从句,从句用一般过去时,排除A、C;dispose放置,安排;dispose of解决,处理。根据“They are really difficult to...”可知,是很难处理公司的股票,用dispose of。故选B。
55.B
【详解】句意:——上周蝴蝶屋在招聘一名导游。最后谁得到了这份工作?——哦,托尼得到了。
考查动词时态。根据“last week”可知句子应用一般过去时,排除CD选项。答语是一个简略回答,应用助动词did代指“got the job”,故选B。
56.D
【详解】句意:——怎么了?你看起来很伤心!——我从树上摔了下来。幸运的是,我没有受伤。
考查副词辨析以及时态。Unluckily不幸地;luckily幸运地。根据句子结构以及语境可知没有受伤,很幸运;没有受伤的动作是发生在过去,应用一般过去时,故选D。
57.C
【详解】句意:彼得五岁时,他擅长绘画。
考查动词短语辨析和时态。be good at擅长;be good for对……有好处。根据“When Peter was five”可知应用一般过去时,根据“drawing”可知应表示擅长画画。故选C。
58.C
【详解】句意:中国于2022年6月5日发射了神舟十四号,三名宇航员将在太空任务中度过6个月。
考查动词时态及动词辨析。根据“on Jun 5h, 2022”可知,第一空是一般过去时,谓语动词用其过去式。pay支付;spend度过。第二空指宇航员在太空中度过6个月,时态是一般将来时,结构是will do。故选C。
59.B
【详解】句意:——谁能给我举一个过去的例子?——我可以。全红婵赢得金牌。
考查时态。根据“in the past”可知,此处需要一般过去时,故选B。
60.A
【详解】句意:——一切都一团糟。垃圾到处都是,一些孩子跑来跑去,水龙头在滴水。——所以我们扫地,关掉水龙头,清理桌子。
考查动词时态。was lying躺,位于,过去进行时;lay放置,过去式;was laying放置,过去进行时;lied撒谎,过去式。并列的动作时态应保持一致,根据“some children were running around and the tap was dripping”可知,第一空时态为过去进行时,结构为“was/were doing”;根据“turned off the tap and cleaned the desks”可知,第二空时态为一般过去时,故排除B、D。由“The rubbish...everywhere”可知,垃圾到处都是,所以应用was lying。故选A。
61.B
【详解】句意:当夏天来临时,许多老人习惯坐在树下互相交谈。
考查动词短语。be used to doing sth.习惯做某事;get used to doing sth.习惯做某事;used to do sth.过去常做某事;use sth. to do sth.使用某物做某事。“When summer came”是一般过去时,根据主从句时态一致的原则,可知此处是过去式,所以排除A和D;“sitting…and talking”是动名词,排除C。故选B。
62.B
【详解】句意:——宇航员桂海潮和朱杨柱说,他们飞往太空的梦想在2023年5月30日实现了。——那是因为他们总是很努力地工作。
考查动词短语辨析。come true实现;get up起床。根据前面的dream可知,要填“实现”,再结合时间状语on May 30th, 2023可知,是一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式。故选B。
63.B
【详解】句意:——你是怎么设法完成比赛的?——我只是不断鞭策自己,我永远不会忘记我越过终点线的那一刻。
考查时态的用法。cross穿过、越过;crossed过去式;will cross 将来时;have crossed 现在完成时。根据“I just kept...”可知,句子时态为一般过去时, 从句动词也应用过去时态。故选B。
64.B
【详解】句意:1997年至2001年,她是一名医生。
考查一般过去时。is是,一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数;was是,一般过去时,主语是第一人称和第三人称单数;are是,一般现在时,主语是复数或第二人称;were是,一般过去时,主语是复数或第二人称。根据“from 1997 to 2001”可知应为一般过去时;主语“She”为第三人称单数,因此be动词应用was。故选B。
65.B
【详解】句意:她做完作业,拿了一本书,开始读起来。
考查动词过去式。takes拿,动词三单形式;took拿,动词过去式;taking拿,现在分词形式;take拿,动词原形。结合空格前后两个谓语动词“finished”、“started”及语境可知,该句时态为一般过去时,该句描述的三个顺承且连续的动作,空处也应用其动词过去式与其他两个动词过去式共同作该句中的谓语。故选B。
66.D
【详解】句意:萨莉和她的朋友们没有赢得比赛,但他们尽了最大的努力,并从中学到了很多东西。
考查动词辨析和动词时态。watch观看;win赢得。根据“but they played their best and learned a lot from it.”可知,该句是一般过去时,且后文语境发生了转折,说学到了很多东西,因此是说“没有赢得”比赛,故选D。
67.C
【详解】句意:Tom昨天很高兴和她弟弟下棋。
考查动词时态。根据“yesterday”可知,句子需要使用过去时态,主语“Tom”是单数,因此用“was”。故选C。
68.B
【详解】句意:——汤姆完成了多少作业?——一点儿都没完成。他就坐在那儿,琢磨着从哪部分开始。
考查不定代词辨析。Anything任何事;None没有一点;No one没有人;Nobody没有人。根据题干可知,这里表示汤姆一点作业都没写。None可用于指代物;No one和Nobody只用于指代人。故选B。
69.B
【详解】句意:——我奶奶总是告诉我们,月球把它产生的光和能量一起发送到地球。——她吗?我相信你上完地理课后就知道了。
考查动词时态。根据“the moon…energy to the earth together with the light that it produced”可知,从句陈述客观事实,应用一般现在时,排除C和D选项。根据“told”可知,上文主句是一般过去时,即奶奶过去总是告诉……,故下文的疑问句应用一般过去时。故选B。
70.D
【详解】句意:——这部智能手机花了我近一万元,但我现在后悔买了它。——你为什么在做决定前不仔细考虑一下?
考查动词时态以及特殊疑问句。根据“but I regret buying it now”可知,“买手机”这个动作发生在过去,第一空应填动词过去式,排除A和B选项。根据“Why … you think twice before you… a decision”可知,此处用why didn’t you do sth的用法,用于提出建议,故选D。
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
知识过关第3讲 语法
一般过去时
定义
一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用,如 yesterday(昨天)、last week(上周)、ago(…… 以前)、in 2020(在 2020 年)等。例如:I went to the park yesterday.(我昨天去了公园。)
动词变化规则
规则动词
一般在动词原形末尾加 -ed。例如:work - worked,play - played。
以不发音的字母 e 结尾的动词,直接加 -d。例如:live - lived,hope - hoped。
以 “辅音字母 + y” 结尾的动词,先把 y 变为 i,再加 -ed。例如:study - studied,carry - carried。
以重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,先双写这个辅音字母,再加 -ed。例如:stop - stopped,drop - dropped。
不规则动词
有一些动词的过去式是不规则的,需要特殊记忆。例如:be - was/were,go - went,have - had,do - did 等。
句式结构
be 型
肯定句:主语 + was/were + 表语。例如:She was happy yesterday.(她昨天很开心。)
否定句:主语 + was/were + not + 表语。例如:He was not at home last night.(他昨晚不在家。)
一般疑问句:Was/Were + 主语 + 表语?例如:Were you at school this morning (你今天早上在学校吗?)
特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词 + was/were + 主语 + 其他?例如:Where was she yesterday (她昨天在哪里?)
实义动词型
肯定句:主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他。例如:They played basketball last weekend.(他们上周末打篮球了。)
否定句:主语 + didn't + 动词原形 + 其他。例如:He didn't go to the cinema yesterday.(他昨天没去看电影。)
一般疑问句:Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?例如:Did you see him last night (你昨晚看见他了吗?)
特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?例如:What did you do last Sunday (你上周日做什么了?)
用法
表示过去的动作或状态
强调动作在过去某个时间发生,与现在没有直接关系。例如:I saw a movie last night.(我昨晚看了一场电影。)
描述过去存在的状态。例如:He was ill last week.(他上周生病了。)
表示过去的习惯或经常发生的动作
常与 often(经常)、always(总是)、usually(通常)等频度副词连用。例如:When I was a child, I often played games with my friends.(当我还是个孩子的时候,我经常和朋友们一起玩游戏。)
时间状语
表示过去具体时间点:yesterday(昨天)、yesterday morning/afternoon/evening(昨天上午 / 下午 / 晚上)、last night/week/month/year(昨晚 / 上周 / 上月 / 去年)、in 2020/2021 等(在 2020 年 / 2021 年等)、on Monday/Tuesday 等(在周一 / 周二等,具体指过去的某一天)、at 8 o'clock yesterday(昨天 8 点)。例如:I got up at 7 o'clock yesterday morning.(我昨天早上 7 点起床。)
表示过去时间段:for two days/three weeks/five months 等(持续两天 / 三周 / 五个月等),但要注意与现在完成时中 “for + 时间段” 的区别,一般过去时只是单纯描述过去某段时间内发生的动作,与现在无关。例如:He stayed in Beijing for a week last year.(他去年在北京待了一周。)
其他时间状语:ago(…… 以前),如 two days ago(两天前)、a month ago(一个月前);just now(刚才);the other day(前几天);once upon a time(从前)等。例如:I met her in the street just now.(我刚才在街上遇见了她。)
不定代词
定义
不指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫做不定代词。不定代词表示各种程度和各种类型的不定意义,它们在逻辑意义上是数量词,具有整体或局部的意义。
常见不定代词及用法
both, either 与 neither
both:表示 “两者都”,常与 and 连用。作主语时,谓语动词用复数。例如:Both Tom and Jerry like ice cream.(汤姆和杰瑞都喜欢冰淇淋。)
either:指 “两者中任意一个”,常与 or 连用。作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数。例如:You can take either of the pens.(这两支钢笔你可以拿任意一支。)
neither:表示 “两者中没有一个(全否定)”,通常与 nor 连用,作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数。例如:Neither of the books is interesting.(这两本书都没趣。)
all, any 与 none
all:指 “三个或三个以上的人或物的全部”。作主语时,谓语动词根据所修饰名词的情况而定,修饰可数名词复数时用复数,修饰不可数名词时用单数。例如:All the students are here.(所有学生都在这儿。)All the water is clean.(所有的水都是干净的。)
any:指 “三个或三个以上的人或物中的任意一个”,只能作定语,常用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中,也可用于肯定句中表示 “任何”。例如:Are there any boy students on the playground (操场上有男学生吗?)I can see you any time on Monday.(星期一任何时间我都能见你。)
none:表示 “三个或三个以上的人或物中没有一个(全否定)”,相当于 not any,作主语时,谓语动词可用单数也可用复数(正式文体多用单数)。例如:None of the students has/have arrived yet.(学生们一个都还没到。)
a few, a little, few, little
a few和a little:表示肯定含义,意为 “一些”,a few 修饰可数名词,a little 修饰不可数名词。例如:He has a few interests outside his work.(工作之外他有一些兴趣爱好。)There is a little water in the bottle.(瓶子里有一点水。)
few和little:表示否定含义,意为 “几乎没有”,few 修饰可数名词,little 修饰不可数名词。例如:He has few interests outside his work.(工作之外他几乎没有兴趣爱好。)There is little water in the bottle.(瓶子里几乎没有水。)
some 与 any
some:通常用于肯定句中,表示未知的、一些或若干的量。在疑问句中,表示建议、请求或希望得到肯定回答。例如:There are some books on the table.(桌子上有一些书。)Would you like some tea (你想喝点茶吗?)
any:常用于否定句或疑问句中,表示未知的、一个或若干的量。在表示请求或建议的疑问句中,也可以用于肯定句,表示 “任何一个”。例如:I don't have any money.(我没有钱。)Do you have any questions (你有问题吗?)You can take any book you like.(你可以拿任何你喜欢的书。)
不定代词的主谓一致
单数形式的不定代词,如 each, another, the other, either, neither,以及由 some/any/no/every + one/thing 构成的复合代词(如 someone, anyone, nothing 等)作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
none 作主语时,如果指人或可数的物,且强调数目,谓语动词单复数形式都可,这取决于说话人的看法;表示人时,谓语动词用复数;表示物时,谓语动词用单数。
most/the rest/the last/the remainder of 等结构中,如果 of 后面的名词是单数,则用单数谓语动词;如果 of 后面的名词表示复数,则用复数谓语动词。
形容词修饰不定代词
当形容词修饰不定代词时,形容词通常位于不定代词之后,形成 “不定代词 + 形容词” 的结构。例如:something interesting(一些有趣的事情),nothing important(没有什么重要的事)。
系动词的定义
系动词本身有词义,但不能单独作谓语,必须和表语一起连用构成谓语,用来表示主语的状态、性质、特征或者身份。
系动词的分类
状态系动词:be 动词(am/is/are/was/were)是最常用的状态系动词,表示 “是”“存在” 等状态,其形式要根据主语的人称和数进行变化。例如:He is a student.(他是一名学生。)
感官系动词:包括 look(看起来)、feel(摸起来 / 感觉)、smell(闻起来)、sound(听起来)、taste(尝起来),用于描述通过感官感知到的主语的特性。例如:The flower smells sweet.(这朵花闻起来很香。)
变化系动词:如 become(变成,成为)、get(变得,多用于口语)、grow(逐渐变得)、turn(转变,常用于颜色、天气变化)等,强调主语的状态或性质发生变化。例如:The leaves turn yellow in autumn.(树叶在秋天变黄。)
持续系动词:有 keep(保持)、remain(仍然是)、stay(保持)等,用于描述状态的持续。例如:Please keep quiet in the library.(在图书馆请保持安静。)
系动词用法特点
(一)后接表语特性
系动词后面要紧接表语,可担当表语的成分丰富多样,包括形容词、名词、代词、数词、副词、介词短语、动名词、动词不定式、从句等 。例如:
接形容词:“The cake tastes delicious.”(“delicious” 为形容词,描述蛋糕的味道) 。
接名词:“She is a student.”(“a student” 是名词,说明主语身份) 。
接介词短语:“The book is on the desk.”(“on the desk” 表明书的位置) 。
(二)无被动语态
系动词的一大显著特点是没有被动语态 。比如 “The song sounds beautiful.”,不能写成 “The song is sounded beautiful.” 。因为系动词是用来连接主语和表语,阐述主语状态、特征等,并非像实义动词那样强调动作,自然不存在被动形式。
(三)部分系动词的进行时态
部分系动词,像 “be”“look”“taste” 等,可用于进行时态 ,但要留意其意义变化。例如:
“The cake is tasting good.”(此刻品尝蛋糕,给人不错的口感,强调当下的体验) 。
“She is being kind.”(此处并非描述她一贯的性格友善,而是指此刻她表现出的友善行为,带有一种短暂、临时的意味) 。
1.—Tom, what about ________ tennis today
—That ________ boring. I don’t like it.
A.play; sound B.plays; sounds
C.playing; sound D.playing; sounds
2.The dog ________ under the tree and seemed very tired.
A.lies B.lay C.lain D.lying
3.Two days ago, he _______, but now he’s still _______.
A.goes boating; tired B.went boating; tired C.goes boating; surprised D.went boating; surprised
4.Dear, the noodles ________ a little salty, but I’m happy that you cook them by yourself.
A.feel B.smell C.look D.taste
5.—Let’s go to the zoo this weekend.
—That ________ like a good idea.
A.sounds B.listens C.hears D.looks
6.— Your skirt ________ so special.
— Oh yes, it’s very popular these days. It’s a horse-face skirt.
A.looks B.feels C.smells D.sounds
7.If you want to know how good the soup is, you have to __________ it, not just look at it.
A.smell B.sound C.taste D.look
8.There is ________ milk in the glass. I need to buy some.
A.few B.a few C.little D.a little
9.—Shall I come to the hospital for my heart trouble on Thursday or on Friday, Dr. Smith
—_________ is OK. I’m at work these days.
A.Either B.Both C.Neither D.None
10.—Which one do you like better, rock climbing or mountain climbing
—________. I don’t like outdoor activities.
A.Either B.Both C.Neither D.None
11.The twin sisters are good at singing and ________ of them have a talent for music.
A.neither B.either C.both D.all
12.—What ________ you ________ yesterday afternoon
—I went to see a movie Zootopia.
A.do; do B.did; do C.are; doing D.did; did
13.I ________ Peter just now when I was having lunch.
A.see B.will see C.saw D.have seen
14.________ November 25th, he ________ the first prize in the competition.
A.In, won B.On, won C.On, wins D.For, won
15.The two children ________ the Great Wall with their parents five years ago.
A.visit B.will visit C.visited D.are visiting
16.Don’t worry about my homework, Mom. My brother ________ me very carefully at home yesterday.
A.teaches B.will teach C.taught D.is teaching
17.I _________ the bus to school every day when I was in primary school.
A.take B.am taking C.took D.will take
18.When I ________ 12 years old, I often ________ to see movies.
A.was; went B.was; go C.am; go D.were; went
19.—What did you do during the Dragon Boat Festival
—I ________ the boat races on TV and read books.
A.watch B.watched C.am watching D.will watch
20.I ________ sad last week because I lost the chance to join the school football team.
A.felt B.feel C.saw D.see
21.Last year, he ________ in the Beijing Marathon.
A.take part B.takes part C.took part D.will take part
22.Last month I ________ a book. That is to say, I ________ a book since last month.
A.have kept; have kept B.have kept; have borrowed
C.borrowed; have kept D.borrowed; have borrowed
23.He ________ his breath for a long time when he saw the snake.
A.held B.holds C.is holding D.will hold
24.________ you ever ________ a comment about the book
A.Do; make B.Did; make C.Were; make D.Was; make
25.Tom ________ late for school this morning.
A.is B.was C.are D.were
26.They ________ a new library in our school last year.
A.build B.built C.builds D.are building
27.He ________ happy when he was young.
A.wasn’t B.weren’t C.didn’t be D.isn’t
28.________ you ever ________ to the magical Disney Land when you were in Shanghai last year
A.Was; go B.Do; go C.Were; go D.Did; go
29.Most of his phone calls were from the parents of the sick children. They ________ for information about their children.
A.would telephone B.have telephoned
C.are telephoning D.telephoned
30.I_________in a big city with many beautiful places for about two months last year.
A.am B.was C.were D.will be
31.—Matt ________ to read 100 books in college four years ago. He actually made it.
—I guess it ________ him a fortune to buy all the books he liked but it was all worth it.
A.plans; cost B.was planning; has cost
C.planned; was costing D.planned; cost
32.The Titanic, a passenger ship, ________ in an accident in 1912 when the ship crashed a piece of iceberg.
A.sinks B.sink C.sank D.sunk
33.My grandpa ________ live in the countryside, but now he ________ living in the city.
A.used to; is used to B.is used to; used to
C.used to; used to D.is used to; is used to
34.In winter the freezing wind ________ across the floor all night long.
A.sweep B.swept C.go D.went
35.—Do you like country music
—Yes. It ________ nice and full of feelings.
A.looks B.tastes C.hears D.sounds
36.The food ________ the apple pie. It smells so_________.
A.smells, good B.smells like, good C.smells, well D.smells like, well
37.This piece of music sounds ________. It sounds ________ Mozart’s.
A.great; as B.greatly; as C.great; like D.greatly; like
38.The light music sounds very _______.
A.well B.nicely C.beautiful D.wonderfully
39.There is only ________ milk in the fridge. I need to buy some later.
A.a little B.few C.little D.a few
40.—When are we going to see the movie The legend of 1900, this afternoon or tonight
—________ is OK. I’m free today.
A.Either B.Neither C.Both D.All
41.— Excuse me, can I park in the street
— I’m sorry. You can park on ______ side of the street, or you will be fined.
A.both B.either C.neither D.none
42.— You mean I can easily visit ________ in one day
— You see, the Sun Tzu Cultural Park is near the Dongying History Museum.
A.all B.either C.both D.neither
43.—Must you go to the bank now
—Yes. My money is running out, and I want to draw some before I have ________ in hand.
A.none B.no one C.neither D.nothing
44.Mike tried on three jackets, but ______ of them fitted him.
A.both B.all C.neither D.none
45.—How could you know she is satisfied with the result
—A smile ________ slowly across her face.
A.flew B.raised C.spread D.covered
46.—Have you been to Jiangsu Garden Expo Park It’s showing main gardens around Jiangsu.
—Yes. I ________ it with my relatives the other day.
A.visit B.will visit C.visited D.have visited
47.The other day, my sister and I ________ the ways of learning English.
A.have talked about B.are talking about
C.talk about D.talked about
48.My brother ________ a dog as a pet last week.
A.buy B.buys C.bought D.buying
49.I didn’t find the way to the hotel. I ________.
A.get lost B.lost my way C.was losing D.lose way
50.The baby ________ for a long time because his mum wasn’t here.
A.cried B.cries C.cry D.cryed
51.Marco Polo ________ to China with his father and uncle.
A.come B.came C.comes D.coming
52.Three years ago, she ________ believe that happiness was just simple and easy.
A.doesn’t B.wasn’t C.didn’t D.isn’t
53.In my school days, I ________ a lot of reading in English every day. That was how I learned English at that time.
A.do B.did C.have done D.will do
54.It’s a year since I ________ the company’s shares (股票). They are really difficult to ________.
A.have had; dispose B.bought; dispose of
C.have had; dispose of D.bought; dispose
55.—There was a guide wanted for the butterfly house last week. Who got the job at last
—Oh, Tony _______.
A.got B.did C.gets D.does
56.—What’s up You look sad!
—I fell off the tree. ________, I ________ get hurt (受伤).
A.Unluckily; didn’t B.Luckily; don’t
C.Unluckily; don’t D.Luckily; didn’t
57.When Peter was five, he ________ drawing.
A.is good at B.am good at C.was good at D.is good for
58.China ________ (发射) its Shenzhou 14 on June 5th, 2022 and the three taikonauts (太空人) will ________ 6 months on the space mission.
A.launches; pay B.will launch; spend C.launched; spend D.launches; paid
59.—Can anyone give me an example of an event in the past
—I can. ________
A.Shenzhou XVI will come back.
B.Quan Hongchan won the gold medal.
C.I am taking the English exam.
D.My classmate is going to watch a film.
60.—Everything was in a mess. The rubbish ________ everywhere, some children were running around and the tap was dripping.
—So we ________ the floor, turned off the tap and cleaned the desks.
A.was lying; swept B.lay; sweep
C.was laying; swept D.lied; sweep
61.When summer came, many old people ________ sitting under the trees and talking with each other.
A.are used to B.got used to C.used to D.use to
62.—The astronauts (宇航员) Gui Haichao and Zhu Yangzhu said their dream of flying into space ________ on May 30th, 2023.
—That’s because they always work hard.
A.come true B.came true C.get up D.got up
63.—How did you manage to finish the race
—I just kept pushing myself, and I’ll never forget that moment I ________ the finish line.
A.cross B.crossed C.will cross D.have crossed
64.She ________ a doctor from 1997 to 2001.
A.is B.was C.are D.were
65.She finished her homework, ________ a book, and started reading.
A.takes B.took C.taking D.take
66.Sally and her friends ________ the game, but they played their best and learned a lot from it.
A.watched B.won C.didn’t watch D.didn’t win
67.Tom ________ happy to play chess with her brother yesterday.
A.be B.is C.was D.were
68.—How much homework has Tom finished
— ________ at all. He just sits there, wondering which part to begin with.
A.Anything B.None C.No one D.Nobody
69.—My grandma always told us that the moon ________ energy to the earth together with the light that it produced.
—________ she I’m sure you know the fact after our geography class.
A.sends; Does B.sends; Did C.sent; Did D.sent; Does
70.—This smart phone _______ me almost ten thousand yuan but I regret buying it now.
—Why ________ you think twice before you ________ a decision
A.costs; don’t…make B.costs; did...made
C.cost; did...made D.cost; didn’t...made
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