2025年广东中考英语语法精讲精练之代词（含答案）

代词
教学目标：★★★★☆☆ 学生能正确识别并运用代词做出题目。
问题层级图
目标层级图
一 哪些是代词。
This girl is Lily. she is very beautiful.
Tom is my student. He loves James very much.
Go out for a walk It is a good idea.
Lily and Mary. You should help each other.
Someone is knocking the door.
所以，代词就是代替_____或者起_____作用的词。
KEYS:名词；名词
练习
下面句子中哪些是代词
Zhou Jielun is my idol.I love him very much.
It is not my book.It’s hers.
Everything is ready.
Someone has eaten my cake!
Look at the boys! They are playing basketball.
KEYS: him; hers; everything; someone; they
二 各类代词的概念和形式及具体用法
1.人称代词
概念.
I like Smith. Smith likes me.
We like Smith. Smith likes us.
You like Sandy. Sandy likes you.
He likes Della. Della likes him.
She likes Tom. Tom likes her.
It is a cat. We love it.
They like James. James likes them.
总结
主格 宾格
单数 复数 单数 复数
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
KEYS:
主格 宾格
单数 复数 单数 复数
第一人称 I (我) We（我们） me(我) us（我们）
第二人称 You（你） You（你们） you(你) you（你们）
第三人称 he（他）/ she（她）/ it（它） they（他们/她们/它们） him(他) her（她） It（它） their（他们/她们/它们）
人称代词是表示“我，我们，你，你们，他，他们，她，她们，它， 它们”的词，有人称（一二三），单复数，主宾格的变化。
具体用法
I like Smith.
We like Smith.
You like Sandy.
He likes Della.
She likes Tom.
It is a cat.
They like James.
总结
人称代词在句子中做___,要用主格形式。
KEY:主语
Smith likes me.
Sandy likes you.
Della likes him.
Tom likes her.
We love it.
James likes them.
总结
人称代词在句子中做___时要用宾格。
KEY:宾语
拓展
人称代词的排序
单数人称代词并列做主语时，顺序为：第二人称，第三人称，第一人称
eg:She and I love to shop for clothes.
复数人称代词做主语时，顺序为：第一人称，第二人称，第三人称
eg:We.you,and they are all Chinese.
练习
他把这本书给了我。
________________________.
他喜欢她。 她喜欢他。
____________________________________.
KEYS: He gives the book to me .
He loves her. She loves him.
练习
1.Peter is my best friend.He often helps _____ with science.
A.me B.you C.him D.her
2._____ are having a picnic.I want to join ____.
A.They,they B.Them,them C.They,them
3.— Who broke the window
— Not _____.
A. I B. he C. her
4.Miss Li invited __ have dinner with her .
A. me and you B. you and I C. you and me
5. Who taught _____ English last term
A. them B. their C. they
KEYS:ACCCA
2.物主代词
概念
This is my book. This book is mine.
This is our book. This book is ours.
This is your book. This book is yours.
This is his book. This book is his.
This is her book. This book is hers.
This is their book. This book is theirs.
Its skin is black.
来找一找规律吧！
形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词
单数 复数 单数 复数
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
KEYS:
形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词
单数 复数 单数 复数
第一人称 my our mine ours
第二人称 your your yours Yours
第三人称 his/her/its their his/hers/its theirs
总结
表示所属关系的代词叫做物主代词。物主代词分为_____________和________________.
KEYS: 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词。
具体用法
This is my book.
This is our book.
This is your book.
This is his book.
This is her book.
This is their book.
Its skin is black.
总结
形容词性物主代词相当于______，放在名词____做____。
KEYS:形容词 前面 定语
This book is mine.
This book is ours.
This book is yours.
This book is his.
This book is hers.
This book is theirs.
总结
名词性物主代词相当于______.
=________+_____.例如：mine=my books.
练习
This isn’t_____ pen.It’s _____.(I,he)
These books are ______(they).______(We) are on the table.
This is _____(he) notebook,the pencil is ____ (he),too
This isn’t _____ (I)skirt,_____ (I)is over there.
KEYS: my； his；theirs； ours； his ；his；my；mine
拓展
She is a friend of mine.
They are students of hers.
总结
名词+ of + 名词性物主代词（名词所有格）=双重所有格
This is my own book.
That pocket is her own.
The book is of my own.
The book is of my own book.(x)
总结
_____+own表示某人自己的，强调所属性,其后可加名词也可不加。
Of one’s own 后___加名词
KEY:形容词性物主代词； 不
Its skin is black.
Black is its skin.(x)
总结
its 一般只做________,表示____。注：it’s=it is
KEYS: 形容词性物主代词；它的。
练习 这是我的书.
____________________.
那些不是我们的照片，是他们的。
_________________________________________
KEYS: This is my book.
Those aren’t my photos,they’re theirs.
1.The lovely girl is from Class6._____ name is Alice.
A.Her B.His C.Your D.Its
2.--Here is a school bag.Whose is it
--Oh,it’s _____.Thank you!
A.my B.mine C.me
KEYS:A B
3.反身代词
概念与形式
I can do it by myself.
I myself can do it.
We can do it by ourselves.
You should do it by yourself.
You should do it by yourselves.
He should do it by himself.
She should do it by herself.
They should do it by themselves.
单数 复数
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
KEYS:
单数 复数
第一人称 myself ourselves
第二人称 yourself yourselves
第三人称 himself/herself/itself themselves
具体用法
Jimmy taught himself Chinese.
He makes himself a hero.
I can express myself properly.
总结
反身代词做_____,用来加强语气，表示主语和宾语为同一人或物.
KEY:宾语
The thing itself is not important.
The little boy himself goes to school.
The boss himself answered the phone,not his secretary.
The little boy goes to school himself.
I myself win the game.
看看删除横线上的内容会怎么样呢？
KEY:删除后句子成分和意思是完整的。
总结
_____作同位语，用来加强语气，意为“由自己，亲自，本人”等，通常跟在名词，代词之后，也可位于句尾。
KEY:反身代词
常用搭配
by oneself______ enjoy oneself_______ dress oneself in ______
help oneself to______ come to oneself______ devote oneself to______
KEYS:独自；玩的愉快；穿着（…）；随意享用 ；恢复知觉 ；投身于；贡献
练习
我自己出去吃午饭。
______________________.
她自己学会了钢琴。
______________________.
KEYS:I myself go out for lunch.
She taught herself piano.
1. -Is this model plane yours.Susan
-Yes,it’s mine.it’s made by_____
A.myself. B.yourself C.himself D.herself.
KEY:A
2. Lily! Help _____to some fish. (you)
3.The man fell off his bike and hurt_____(he).
KEYS:yourself;himself
4.指示代词
概念与形式.
This is a book.
These are my books.
That is your photo.
Those are your photos.
单数 复数
表示近指
表示远指
KEYS:
单数 复数
表示近指 This(这个) These（这些）
表示远指 That（那个） Those（那些）
具体用法:
You win the game That is good.
Do you know Della I like that girl.
This is a loaf of chocolate.I like this.
总结
在句子中可以做_____ ______ _______等成分
KEYS: 主语;定语;宾语
各指示代词用法区别。
Is that Tom This is Della speaking.
This is my book.Is that yours on the table.
This present is for her and that one is yours.
Is this your book ---Yes,it is.
Is that your pencil ---No,it isn’t.
总结
____ ____是近指代词，指时间上空间上较近的人或事物。
____ ____是远指代词 ，指时间上和空间上较远的人或事物。
回答时用____ 代指。
KEYS: this; these; that; those; it
This weather in China is similar to that of the U.S.
The apples are as sweet as those I bought last week.
总结：_____ _____常用来代替已经提到过的名词，以避免重复。
KEYS: that; those
Lily failed in the exam,but she doesn’t care about that.
总结：____指刚提到过的事情或者已经完成的事情，___指即将要发生的事情
KEYS: that; this
练习：Mary给我买了很多糖，我很喜欢那些。
____________________________________.
KEYS:Mary buys many candies for me and I like those very much.
1. The population of Shanghai is larger than __ of Jinan.
A. that B. this C. it
2.The radios made in Beijing are as good as ___ made in Qingdao.
A. that B. these C. those
5.相互代词
概念和形式
表示相互关系的代词。
each other:两个人或物之间
eg:You should help each other.
one another:三个或以上人或物之间。
eg:We received one another’s postcards before Chrisrmas.
练习
相互代词有___________,_____________.
KEYS: each other ; one another
具体用法
One another’s postcards have been received.(x)
We have received one another’s postcards.
总结
相互代词不能做主语
They have known each other well.
Each other has been known well.(x)
总结
以相互代词为宾语的句子不能变为被动语态
Talk each other,(x)
Talk to each other.
总结
不要把相互代词用作副词，作状语。
6.不定代词
概念与形式
This coat is too small for me,I want a bigger one.
None of us have/has that book.
No one likes being laughed.
哪些是代词？它们代指的是具体的吗？
KEYS: one; none; no one.
总结
_______代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词称为不定代词。
KEY:不指明
具体用法
one，that,it
Yesterday I bought a book.It was interesting.
I lost my book,so I have to buy a new one.
The new one is more interesting than that I bought yesterday.
总结
_____用来代指上文中出现的名词中同一类中的一个但不是同一个。
_____指同一事物, 代替可数名词单数或不可数名词.
_____指前文提到过的，代替可数名词单数或不可数名词。
KEYS: one; it; that
练习
1. –Excuse me, I want to buy some milk. Where can I find a supermarket
–Oh, I know ___ not far from my home.
A. it B. that C. one
2. --Excuse me. I want to buy some stamps. Where can I find a post office
--I know _______ not far from here. You can easily find _______.
A. that; it B. it; one C. one; it
KEYS:CC
no one,none，nothing的区别
-- How much coffee is left -- None.
None of us have/has that book.
No one of us likes being laughed at.(x)
No one likes being laughed at.
Today I’m very hungry,because I eat nothing .
总结
none 可指人或____,既可代替___名词，也可代替____名词，可以与of 短语连用。
no one 仅用于指__的可数名词______.后面______跟of短语。
Nothing 指______,表示____________>
KEYS:人;单数;不可以;物;什么都没有
练习
1.______of us went to that park.
A.no one B.none C.no D.nobody
KEY:B
2. --Who can find the right way to the cinema
--________.
A.No one B.None of C.No one of
KEY:A
either,neither,both
There are two apples,you can take either.
Either of us has a portable computer.
Neither of my parents allows me to smoke.
You talked about Jilly and Helen,but I know neither.
They are both Chinese.
Both you and I like fruits.
总结
Either 指两者中的________
Neither指两者中的______都_____.
Both 指_________.
KEYS:任意一个;任意一个;不;两者都
练习
1.--Would you like something to drink Coffee,or tea
--_______,I’d like a cup of orange juice.
A.Either B.Neither C.No one
KEY:B
2.--Would you like something to drink Coffee,or tea
--______I don’t care.
A.Neither B.Either C.None
KEY:B
all,both
Lily,lucy,and Della are all students.
Lily and Lucy are both students.
总结
All可修饰可数或不可数名词。修饰可数名词时，指____或____以上。Not all表示部分否定，并非所有的。
Both意为______.
KEYS:三个;三个;两者都
练习
1._____ you and I are good students
A.Both B. All C.Neither D.Nobody
KEY:A
2.My two friends and I ____ like shopping.
A.both B.all C neither
KEY:B
each,every.
Each of them knows the whole thing.
Each child has an apple,big or small.
Every student needs to be careful with their studies.
Almost every student knows the news.
总结
Each修饰或替代可数名词____，做主语时谓语用____，可与of连用
Every强调整体，用于三者或三者以上。只能做定语，后接可数名词_____，谓语动词用____
KEYS:单数; 单数; 单数; 单数
练习
_____ of them knows a lot.
A.Each B.Every C.Nobody D.One
KEY:A
every one,everyone
Everyone likes to be appreciated.
Every one of you should believe in each other.
Not everyone/everybody can work out this problem.
总结
every one+of
everyone=everybody,后不加of
练习
1._______ of you should believe in each other.
A.Everyone B.Every one C Everybody D,Nobody
KEY:B
2.______ of the notebooks has its special design.
A.Everyone B.Everybody C.Every one
KEY:C
another,other
If you don’t like this one,let me show you another.
We need another person to help us finish the work.
I don’t like this book.Give me another one.
I’m a teacher and Mary is another one.
I have been there for two weeks and I will stay here for another three weeks.
There’s still room for another few people at the back of the hall.
总结
another可______ 使用，表示_______,也可用于another+______可数名词
_________的意思是再来一个，也是一个。
_________=two/…/few more ,表示再来几个。
KEYS: 单独; 另一个; 单数; another one; another two/…/few
练习
Could you please give me one more chance, I’ll try my best to succeed.
A. two B. the other C. another
I will be here for _____ 2days.
A.other B.the other C.another
KEYS：CC
Other：
We should not speak ill of other peoplebehind their backs.
Some people like tea,others like coffee and others like milk.
I have two brothers.One is a soldier and the other is a singer.
I lived abroad for 5 years.I studied in Loudon for the first 3years and I spent the other years in Paris.
I often have different ideas from the others in my class.
There are only two.You can take one and I’ll take the other one.
Old John has four children.Billy is a little silly,Colin is a little lazy and the other two are bright.
I have no other dictionary apart from this one.
You can hold it with your other hand.
总结
another意为____或以上的人或事物中的______，单独使用时表示—______.
Other泛指_____，一般做定语。
Other+可数名词_____：另外的一些
Others:可单独使用，=______+______
The other:指______中的最后一个。单独使用代指可数名词_____。
The others:特指两者或两者以上的_____.
Other还可用any/some/no/my/several/a few等词修饰。
KEYS:三者; 再一个; 又一的; 另外的; 复数; other; 可数名词复数; 两部分; 单数; 最后一部分。
代词 词性，意思 搭配
another
Other
others
The other
The others --------
Both,all,either,any,neither,none区别
都 任何 都不
两者
三者或三者以上
代词 词性，意思 搭配
another 另一的，再一的，三者以上 单独，another one another few
Other 其他的 Other + n.复
Others 其他的=other+n。复 Some…others…
The other 特指两部分中最后一个 One ….the other
The others 特指两者或两者以上的最后一部分 --------
Both,all,either,any,neither,none区别
都 任何 都不
两者 both either Neither
三者或三者以上 all any none
练习
There are two photos.____ is on the table,________ is on the sofa.
KEYS: One; the other
1. Jack, why is there only you one in the classroom Where are________
A. others B. another C. the others
2. Some people like to rest in their free time. ______ like to travel.
A. Other B. The others C. Others D. Another
3. --Hey, boss, I got a prize! Look at the lid(盖子)! Please give me_______ bottle(瓶).
--Well, you are a lucky dog.
A. other B. another C. the other
4. In every July, Niulang comes to one end of the bridge while Zhinv waits for him on ______ end.
A. another B. the other C. other
5. There were three books on my table. One is here. Where are _______
A. others B. the others C. the other D. another
KEYS:ACBBA
little,a little,few,a few
There are few apples left.
There are a few apples left.
There is little milk left.
There is a little milk left.
可数 不可数
表肯定 a few a little
表否定 few little
练习
1._____water is left in the bottle,we must be dead.
A.Little B.Few C.Much D.a little
KEY:A
2. Don’t worry,there still ______ food
A.little B.few C.a little D.a few.
KEY:C
much,many
Much of the milk is left.
Many of the little boys are left.
总结
much修饰和替代_______，many修饰和替代_______.
KEYS:不可数名词 ; 可数名词
练习
____ of my friends live abroad.
A.Much B.Many C.Nobody D.Everybody
KEY:B
some,any
Some people live to work,and some work to live.
Have you got any money with you If you have any,please lend me some.
I don’t know any person here.
There must be some job I could do.
总结
一般来说，some用于_______，any用于_______.______ ______.
Any用于肯定句中表示_______
Some还可以指______，修饰可数名词______
KEYS:肯定句中; 否定句; 疑问句; 条件句; 任何一个; 任何一些;
某一个; 单数
练习
_____person parked his car here.
A.Everybody B.some C.Somebody D.Any
Key:B
--Could I come this afternoon or tomorrow morning
--______ is OK.I’m free today and tomorrow.
A.Either B.Neither C.Both D.None
I asked two people the way to the station,but _____of them could help me.
A.both B.neither C.either D.all
Keys:A
四．独立运用各类代词做出题目
1.The lovely boy is from Class6._____ name is Alice.
A.Her B.His C.Your D.Its
2.--Here is a school bag.Whose is it
--Oh,it’s _____.Thank you!
A.my B.mine C.me
3.Peter is my best friend.He often helps _____ with science.
A.me B.you C.him D.her
4.Mrs Brown is nice.Every day she tried to cook ____ for me during my stay in Cnada.
A.something different. B.anything different.
C.nothing different
5.--Could I come tonight or tomorrow morning
--____ is OK.I’m free today and tomorrow.
A.Either B.Neither C.Both D.None
6.Is this your notebook
No,it isn’t.Ask Bill.He is looking for ____
A.mine B.yours C.hers D.his
7.Life is _____ dictionary.We should learn dicretly from it.
A.we B.us C.our D.ours
8.She asked two people the way to the station,but ____ of them could help her.
A.both B.neither C.either D.all
9.How is Helen in the new school.
She is doing very well.There is ____ to worry about.
A.something B.anything C.nothing D everything
10.Where is my pen
Oh,sorry.I have taken _____ by mistake.
A.yours B.mine C.hers D.his
11.There were two paintings for sale and he bought_____
A.all B.any C.both D.either
12.They wre all very tired,but ____ of them took a rest.
A.none B.all C.both D.either.
13.Did you find ____very interesting to play the guitar
A.this B.that C,it
14.My consins have collected stamps for two years.They have ____ stamps from different countries.
A.a few B many C.much D.little
15.We live in ShanXi Province.She’s our beautiful home.We all love ____.
A.him B.them C.her
16. —Is this Sam's bike or yours
—It's my bike, not_____.
A. yours B. him C. his
17.There are only____ new words in the passage, but I know_____of them.
A. some; all B. a few; none C. lots of; a few
18. Could you please give me one more chance, I’ll try my best to succeed.
A. two B. the other C. another
19. –Is this kite _____Tom -Yes , it’s mine. It is made by _____
A. yours; myself B. mine; myself C. ours; himself
20. –Excuse me, I want to buy some milk. Where can I find a supermarket
–Oh, I know _____t far from my home.
A. it B. that C. one
21. --Excuse me. I want to buy some stamps. Where can I find a post office
--I know _______ not far from here. You can easily find _______.
A. that; it B. it; one C. one; it
22. _______ of the hats suited him, so Jack had to try on the third one.
A. Neither B. Either C. Both
23.--Have you got _______ ready for the sports meeting
--Not yet. We still have _______ to do.
A. anything; nothing B. something; everything C. everything; something
24. —Would you like some juice or coffee
— . I really don't mind.
A. Either B. Neither C. Both
25. There's wrong with the camera. Look! It works well.
A. something B. nothing C. everything
26. --Peter, is this your pen
--Yes, it' s __. Many thanks. I looked for it everywhere.
A. mine B. me C. I
27. Please keep quiet, everybody! I have important to tell you.
A. nothing B. something C. everything
28. Look at the girl in the red skirt. ______is my new classmate.
A. It B. She C. He
29Last year we went to Paris, but this year we want to do ______different.
A. something B. anything C. nothing
30．Don’t worry. We have ______food in the fridge now.
A．much B．many C．little
31．Alice has a red pen, and the blue one is ______ ,too.
A．his B．her C．hers
32．——Can she play the guitar or the violin
——______. But she can play the drums.
A．Both B．Either C．Neither
33 It’s true that we are not born for ______.
A. us B. ours C. ourselves
KEYS: BBAAA DCBCA CACBC CBCAC CACAB ABBAA CCC