2025年广东中考英语语法精讲精练之冠词

冠词
教学目标：★★★★☆☆ 学生能正确识别并使用冠词做出题目。
问题层级图
目标层级图
一． 识记冠词的概念和种类。
Yesterday I bought a book, a pen and an eraser. The book was very interesting and funny. The pen and the eraser were very cute. But this morning I left my backpack on the bus, so the book, the pen and the eraser were all lost.
总结
冠词包括：_____ _____ _____, 其中_____ _____表示泛指，一个；_____ 表示这个这些。
KEYS: a; an; the; a; an; the
名词种类 特指 泛指
可数名词 单数
不可数名词
不可数名词
KEYS:
名词种类 特指 泛指
可数名词 单数 the a,an
不可数名词 the
不可数名词 The
二 掌握每类冠词的具体用法。
1.不定冠词
He is a student.
He wants to be a doctor.
总结
表示_____,指人或物的某一种类。
KEY: 种类
Rome was not built in a day.
They will be back in a day or two.
总结
表示数量_____,相当于one.
KEY: 一
The two flowers look different, but they are of a kind.
总结
表示“同一”这个概念，相当于the same.
拓展
这种用法常用于of+a / an+n.的结构中，表示某种具有大小，长短，高度，宽度等特征的东西。
I want to be an engineer.
The duty of a doctor is to try to save people's lives.
I am a Chinese.
总结
用于表示某种_____ _____ _____等的名词前。
KEYS: 身份； 国籍； 职业
A heavy rain fell yesterday.
I would like a coffee and two beers.
The buildings have a long history.
Everyone should receive a good education.
The old man has a good knowledge of English and computer
总结
表示_____ _____等，用于抽象名词和物质名词coffee, food, tea fruit, fog, rain, snow, wind等。
KEYS:“一种”，“一场”
He is a Chinese and now is working as a doctor in Japan.
I remember he came here on a Sunday and left soon.
A John called during your absence.
总结
用于专有名词前，表示_____
KEY: 某一个
I am a girl.
It’s an apple.
It’s a useful solution.
总结
表示_____时，在以元音因素开头（以读音判断） 的单词前用不定冠词_____,其余用_____.
KEYS: 泛指； an; a
拓展
An hour ago, an honest boy accepted an honorable task.
a useful/university/usual/European/united/one-eyed/one-way/
an a/e/i/o/f/h/l/m/n/r/s/x,其余字母用a.
练习
用a/an 填空
______ dog ______dictionary _____student _____egg _____elephant ______island ______university _____honest boy
_____ 7-year-old boy ______umbrella _____old bike
2 .Mary has _____e-dictionary. She gets it from her uncle.
This is _____ orange. It’s _____small orange.
There is _____”s” in the word “bus”
There is _____“h” and_____ “u” in the word“hour”.
My teacher gives me _____ useful book.
She wears _____ uniform.
KEYS: a dog a dictionary a student an egg an elephant an island
an university an honest boy a 7-year-old boy an umbrella an old bike
an; an; a; an; an; a; a; an
拓展
1.1与时间和方式有关的短语
in a world总之 as a result结果 in a moment立刻
in a hurry急匆匆地 once in a while偶尔 a moment ago刚才
half an hour半个小时 once upon a time 从前
in a loud/weak voice大声地 after a while一会儿后
just a minute/moment一会儿 at a high speed以高速
1.2.与一些常用动词构成搭配
pay a visit拜访 take a seat坐下
make a living谋生 make a face做鬼脸
make a mistake犯错误 make an effort努力
make an apology道歉 make a speech做演讲
go out for a walk外出散步 have a good time过得愉快
make a promise许诺 take/show an interest in对······感兴趣
take a message for为某人捎口信
have a match/meeting比赛/开会lend/give sb. a hand给别人帮忙
have a cold/cough/fever/headache/pain感冒/咳嗽/发烧/头疼/疼痛
2．定冠词的用法
2.1 用定冠词的情况
I’ve bought a watch. The watch cost me 100.
Pass me the book，please.
总结
表示对人和事物的_____.前文出现的事物
KEY:特指
The old are taking a walk.
Those include the sufferings of the poor.
总结
_____表示______.
KEYS: the+adj； 一类人或事物
The Greens are having a meeting.
The family are having lunch.
总结
在_____或_____前强调一类人或事物的全体
KEYS: 复数名词； 集体名词
The sun is shining brightly.
The moon turns round the earth.
总结
表示世界上独一无二的事物
He was the first to speak against slavery.
It dates back to the seventeenth century，
总结
用于_____及_____之前，以及对两个人或物进行比较时
起特定作用的比较级前.
KEYS: 序数词； 形容词最高级
She can play the piano
I'm learning to play the violin，
Lily likes to play the saxophone
A Bing plays Erhu very well.
总结
在西洋乐器名词前_____冠词，中国民族乐器名词前_____冠词
KEYS: 用； 不用
拓展
take sb. by the arm hit sb. on the head take sb. by the hand hit sb. on the chin take sb. by the throat pull sb. by the hand pat sb. on the shoulder shake sb. by the hand
总结
在句型 _______中要用the而不用物主代词
KEY: 动词+人+介词+the+人体部位
拓展
定冠词用于固定搭配中
(1)表示一天中的时间
in the morning在早晨/上午
in the evening在晚上
(2)表场所
at the top/bottom of...在······的顶/底部
at the beginning/end of...在······的开头/结尾
at the foot of...在······的脚下in the middle of...在·····的中间
in/on the street在街道上in/on/to the east of...在······的东部
in the front of...在······(内部)的前边on the right/left在右边/左边
on the way to···在去······的路上on both sides of...在······的两旁
in the sun在阳光下
(3)表时间
at the age of···在······岁时
at the beginning/end of... 在···开始/结束时
at the same time 同时
in the day在白天in the end最终，最后
in the 1990's/1990s在20世纪90年代on the eve of...在······的前夕
in the meantime同时
all the year round整年
the other day前几日
(4)其他
in the way挡道
on the other hand在另一方面
all the best一切顺利，万事如意
make the bed 铺床 take the place of 取代
tell the truth说实话with the help of..，在······的帮助下
2.2不用冠词的情况
Money is not everything
Music can bring people pleasure，
Philip has lived in China for years.
总结
一般说来，在物质名词、抽象名词和专有名词前_____冠词。
KEY: 不用
January 1st is New Year’s Day.
I have visited many cities since September 2006.
Spring is the best season of the year.
总结
在_____ _____ _____等名词前，一般_____冠词。
KEYS: 时间； 节日； 季节； 不用
What do you usually have for lunch
Do you like to play football or baseball
I like physics though it's bit difficult。
English is one of the most important languages.
Mr. Smith, head of the group, will plan for the whole trip.
Wendy was made monitor for this month
Doctor! I'm not feeling myself today.
Man can save the earth, and man can destroy the earth
Man cannot live without .water or air
总结
在_____ _______ ______时，不用冠词。
KEYS: 三餐； 球类运动； 学科；
This is my address. Let's keep in touch.
I’d like some books about cars and toys.
Bill’ s camera is like mine.
总结
名词前如果出现_____ _____ _____ _____ 等限定词时，其前_____加冠词
KEYS: 物主代词； 指示代词； 不定代词； 名词所有格； 不
四．独立运用各类冠词做出题目
选择
1. There is____ big square in_____ center of our city.
A. a; the B. the; a C. the; the
2. –I just have ___cup of milk for ____ breakfast.
–That’s not enough.
A. a; a B. the; the C. a; 不填
3.--What shall we have for supper
--I bought _____ big fish at _____ only market near my office.
A. a; a B. a; the C. the; 不填
4. — Is magazine yours, Joe
—No, I don't have magazine.
A. a; a B. the; the C. the; a
5. --Maria, here is my new house.
--Wow, you have _____ beautiful house !
A. a B. the C. 不填
6 . --- Let’s play soccer.
--- Good idea! Do you have _____ soccer ball
A. a B. an C. 不填
7. I’m going to be _____basketball player.
A．the B. a C. an
8. Can you play ______guitar, Tom
A. a B. an C. the
9. Li Na is one of _____most popular tennis player in China.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
10. ---Who’s that man
---Jeremy Lin. He’s _____ American basketball player.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
11. There is no living thing on _____moon.
A. the B. a C. /
12. Peter is _____honest boy and _____ good friend of mine.
A. a, the B. the; an C. a; an D.an; a
13. ---What do you want to be when you grow up, Da Ming
---Well, _____scientist like Yuan Longping, I think.
A .the B.an C. a D. /
14.---Is Mr. Franco Hollande _____honest and capable man
---Yes, And that is why he was chosen _____ president of France.
A .a; a B. an; a C. the; the D .a;/
15. Look at _____ eraser on the floor. Whose is it
A. the B.an C .a D./
16.---Do you often play _____ soccer with your friends
---No, I don’t like sports. I often play _____piano in my free time.
A .a; the B .the;/ C./;the D .the; a
17._____ new bridge has been built over _____ Changjiang River in Huangshi.
A. The; a B. A; the C.A; / D .a; a
18.---What _____cold weather!
---Yes. But it’s _____unusual experience for us, we normally live in a hot place.
A .a/a B. a; an C /; an D. a; the
19---Have you seen _____pen I left one here this morning.
---Is it _____ black one I think I saw it somewhere.
A. the; the B. a ; a C .the; a D .a; the
20.—Eric. What would you like to be when you grow up
---_____actor like Jackie Chen.
The B.A C. An D./
KEYS: ACBCA ABCCB ADCBA CBCBC
改错
This is an useful book, I like it very much.
We should help a old..
He was chosen the president of France.
There is no living thing on a sun.
I want to be a actor like Jackie Chen.
Tom is a highest boy in my class.
Mary hit me by my arm.
What a cold weather!
It is an university over there.
Don’t get in a way of me!
KEYS: an-a a-the the-/ a-the a-an a-the my-the a-/ an-a a-the