阅读理解主旨题
教学目标：★★★★☆☆ 能够正确运用主旨题方法解题
问题层级图
目标层级图
一、常见文章体裁主旨大意考查方法
文章体裁分类
中考常见的主旨大意题大致分为三种，记叙文，说明文和议论文。前两者占大多数。三种类型在解答方法上大同小异。后面会一一介绍。
1. 记叙文：主要是以人物经历以及事情发展变化为主要内容。
2. 说明文：主要是对事物进行客观的介绍，阐述。
3 议论文：主要是解析事物，论述道理以及发表意见。 中考出现得比较少。
考察方法
常见的设问方式：
The passage/ article is (mainly) about/tell us…
The main idea/key point of this passage is that...
The best title for this passage is...
The topic/subject discussed in this passage is...
From the passage we can learn that...
The author/writer writes the passage mainly to ...
What does the story tell us
From Paragraph 3 we know that…
练习
1. 找出下列考查主旨大意的题干。
1) Soccer is the only popular sport in our modem world.
2) After 1863, soccer teams from different coup, tries could play against each other.
3) The topic of this article is about the World Cup.
4) The article is about a rock band.
5) There are three members in the band U2.
6) Oliver’s quick mind and action saved Oliver himself and Cherub.
7) From this passage, we know we have our own advantages in all situations, though we are different.
8) According to the passage, it’s common for people to hold parties in Hawaii at night.
二、读文章以及把握段落大意
在判断出是对于主旨大意题的考查之后下一步即是寻找中心句，关键词。把握每段的大意，再组成整个文章的主旨。此步骤请学会用符号去标记。
关键词句：
在说明文和议论文里，关键词句通常位置有：
关键句：
1. 在段落首句/末句/第二句；
2. 在for example/first/second等前；
3. 在all in all/above all/however/yet等后。
关键词：多为名词或名词短语，特别重视在文章中反复出现的词。（尤其是在关键句里，其他句中也应注意。）
而记叙文由于多为记录事情发展的顺序，所以有时候每段的关键句不是特别明显，这就需要我们细读，然后总结出该段在讲什么，在和前后段落联系起来。如果文章对话较多，分段较多，我们可以大致根据文章的内容将其分为几个部分，然后再根据每个部分的内容，得出文章的主旨大意。
例:
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容判断句子正误。正确的涂“A”，错误的涂“B”
U2 is the name of a band from Ireland. It’s one of the most famous rock bands in the world.
In 1978, a 17-year-old high school student, Larry Mullen, looked for some musicians to make a band. Finally, he found another three boys and they set up a band. The four boys named their band U2.
They traveled a lot and gave concerts in many countries. More and more people got to know them and love their music. Many of their songs, such as Beautiful Day and walk on, were popular. In the 1980s, the band became famous.
Now the four members of U2 are still good student and their music is still popular. People in the world still enjoy their music.
75. The article is about a rock band.
段落关键词句：___________________________________
第一段： ___________________________________
1. 句： ___________________________________
2. 词：___________________________________
3. 段意：___________________________________
第二段： ___________________________________
1. 句：___________________________________
2. 词： ___________________________________
3. 段意: ___________________________________
第三段：___________________________________
1. 句：___________________________________
2. 词：___________________________________
3. 段意： ___________________________________
结合三段段意，本文主旨： ___________________________________
例:
C
Deep down in the sea, Oliver, a little octopus(章鱼) sat on the floor covered with sand,
bored and upset. He watched pretty fish swimming in and out of rocks, which were laughing
and dancing in the sea. “Why am I so different ” he said to himself sadly.
“You are an octopus, Oliver. That’s special.” The sweet voice of Cherub, beautiful purple
angelfish(神仙鱼), always made Oliver feel better. Oliver looked up at the purple angelfish and
smiled. Cherub suggested, “Let’s play hide-and-seek(捉迷藏).” They were having so much fun
that they didn’t realize they had swum far from home. Suddenly, Cherub saw a large shark
(鱼)swimming above them. “It was Big White… the biggest, scariest shark in the sea,” she
shouted to Oliver. Cherub looked at Big White hopelessly. And idea came to Oliver. He quickly
sprayed(喷射)a very dark cloud of black water to the shark’s eyes. Then Oliver and Cherub
escaped and got home safely.
“Are you OK ” ask Oliver. Cherub laughed happily, “That was the most interesting trip
ever! You save me just now, Oliver. I am lucky to have you as my friend!” Oliver’s face turned
red. “I guess being different can be pretty cool in some situations,” Oliver said. “That is what I
tried to tell you,” Cherub smiled.
60. From this passage, we know we have our own advantages in all situations, though we are different.
本文为________，叙述了小章鱼Oliver从最开始的无聊烦恼，到后面经历过危险后对自己正确认识的过程。此类文章在个别段落我们可能无法找到关键句。所以我们通过细读来理解每段在讲什么。
第一段：___________________________________
第二段：___________________________________
第三段： ___________________________________
分析总结：___________________________________
练习
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容判断句子正误。正确的涂“A”，错误的涂“B”
Soccer is one of the most popular sports in our modern world. But many years ago, each country had its own kind of soccer game with its own hales.
In 1863, a group 0f people met in England. They made some changes (改变) to the game. They made one set of new rules for every country to follow. After that, soccer teams from different countries could play against each other.
Some of the rules are still the same today. Now teams from all over the world take part in the World Cup every four years. It' s one of the most important things for all soccer fans.
69. The topic of this article is about the World Cup.
段落关键词句：
第一段：
1. 句：______________________________________________
2. 词：______________________________________________
3. 段意：______________________________________________
第二段：
1. 句：______________________________________________
2. 词：______________________________________________
3. 段意: ______________________________________________
第三段：
1. 句：______________________________________________
2. 词：______________________________________________
3. 段意：______________________________________________
结合三段段意，故本文主旨______________________________________________
练习2
B
A group of swans flew down to a beach where a crow(乌鸦) was jumping around. The crow watched them with disdain(鄙视).
“You have no flying skills at all!” he said to the swans. “All you can do is to move your wings. Can you turn over in the air No, that’s beyond you. Let’s have a flying competition. I’ll show you what real flying is!”
One of the swans, a strong young male, took up the challenge. The crow flew up and began to show his skills. He flew in circles, performed other flying tricks, and then came down and looked proudly at the swan.
Now it was the swan’s turn. He flew up, and began flying over the sea. The crow flew after him, making all kinds of comments(评价) about his flying. They flew on and on till they couldn’t see the land and there was nothing but water on all sides. The crow was making fewer and fewer comments. He was now so exhausted that he found it hard to stay in the air, and had to struggle to keep himself from falling into the water.
The swan pretended(假装) not to notice, and said, “Why do you keep touching the water, brother Is that another trick ”
“No,” said the crow. He knew he had lost the competition. “I’m in trouble because of my pride! If you don’t help me, I’ll lose my life…”
The swan took pity on him, and took him on his shoulders and flew back to the beach.
60. What does the story tell us
A. No pains, no gains. B. The early bird catches the worm.
C. Pride goes before a fall. D. Practice makes perfect.
本文的文体为 _____________。文章通过讲解乌鸦和天鹅的 _____________. 来告诉人们一个道理：________________________________________________________
第一部分： ____________________________________________________________________
第二部分： ____________________________________________________________________
第三部分： ____________________________________________________________________
三、识别错误的陷进信息。
错误选项的特征：
1. 文章细节，即只概括了部分内容或只是原文的一个例子，太过具体。
2. 与文章事实不符，或根本未提及。
例:
A
Hawaii has always been a magic name to people who like traveling. People from all over the world dream of seeing the beautiful islands in the middle of the ocean. It’s always one of their dreams to watch the sun going down. The sun drops like a ball of bright fire into the sea, and it drops so quickly that you can even see it move.
About two thousand years ago, the first people went to Hawaii in a very small boat. They found the beautiful white sand beaches and the waving palm trees. But it was difficult for people to go to Hawaii at that time. And there were no big hotels like the ones today. Now people can get to Hawaii in different ways. More and more people go to Hawaii. So lots of nice big hotels have been built in recent years. However, the scenery (自然景色) in Hawaii hasn’t changed much. The white sand beaches and the waving palm trees are still there. People often have a peaceful time, taking a walk along the water in the morning. At night, they get together to hold parties, chatting and dancing. So if you’re thinking about relaxing yourself, Hawaii is surely the first place for you to choose.
45. The passage mainly tells us the first people who came to Hawaii.
段落大意：
第一段：___________________________________
第二段：___________________________________
题干中，第一批到达夏威夷的人属于___________________________________
例:
A
A young man from a village called Nawalapitiya married a young woman from Maiyuwa, a small village. They lived with the man’s big family－his parents, his brothers, their wives and husbands and children. The family kept an elephant, in which the woman soon took a great interest. Every day she fed it with fruit and sugar.
Three months later, having quarreled with her husband, the woman went back to her parents’ home. Soon the elephant refused to eat and work. It appeared to be ill and heartbroken. One morning after several weeks the animal disappeared from the house.
It went to the woman’s home. On seeing her, the elephant waved its trunk and touched her with it. The young woman was so moved by the act of the animal .So she went back to her husband’s home.
60. The writer wrote the story in order to______.
A. tell how a woman trained a wild animal
B. show that women care more for animals than men do
C. tell how an animal got a husband and a wife together again
本文为 ________
第一段：___________________________________
第二段：___________________________________
第三段：___________________________________
A. 选项，___________________________________
B. 选项，___________________________________
练习
C
Computers are good tools (工具).The Internet is also good. But some people spend too much time online. They can’t stop. Doctors say this is a new sickness. They call this sickness Internet Addiction Disorder (互联网成瘾症)(IAD).
People with IAD are online a lot. They spend hours chatting to their friends or playing online games. Many people with IAD spend more time on the Internet than with family or friends. Some people with IAD even quit(辞掉)their jobs!
Do you have IAD Think about these questions：How many hours a day are you online Is it a lot or a little When you are not online，are you thinking about playing a computer game or checking your messages When you are online，do you forget the time Do you get angry when you can’t play a game
If you have IAD，what can you do Dr. Ivan Goldberg and Dr. Kimberly S.Young have some ideas. First，ask yourself “Why am I online a lot ” Then try to take a break. For example，use the computer or play games twice a week，not every day. In this way，you can have a good social life with other friends.
33. The passage is mainly about________
A. a new sickness B.an online game C. messages D. computer jobs
B
Chuck Wall teaches management and human relations at Bakersfield College. He walked into class one day and told his students that their homework was to perform one act of random(任意的) kindness. His students did not understand the homework and didn’t know what to do, but the professor would not answer their questions. He encouraged his students to work it out for themselves.
One week later, the students entered the classroom excited to share their stories. One student told of giving away blankets to the homeless. Another reported on helping a dog to find its owner, and another student had been trying to find a long, lost friend. Students were energized (给予活力) by the homework assignment and wanted other people to be kind too. With the support of local businesses, the students made stickers to put on cars that invited people to do something kind for others. They sold the stickers and decided to donate the money to a center for the blind---not surprising as Professor Wall is blind.
Since then, similar kindness activities have been started in schools around the world. Many schools organize a Random Acts of Kindness Week, around November 13th, to celebrate World Kindness Day. Some schools use each day of Random Acts of Kindness Week to perform a different kind act, such as making a new friend, helping someone, doing community service, or raising money for a charity. Students learn to consider other people and thank about how small actions can make the world a better place.
65. Which is the best title of the passage
A. Learning Kind Things B. Teaching Kindness
C. World Kindness Day D. Bakersfield College
A
Dear Li Fei,
How are you I will have a short holiday next week and have decided to visit Shanghai for a second time. I have booked a room in the Peace Hotel. I hear it is on the Bund(外滩) and has a good view of the famous Huangpu River. I will arrive on the night of March 27 and leave early on March 29. I would like to visit some of the most famous places, such as Nanjing Road and Yu Garden in Chenghuangmiao. Can you give me some suggestions for my visit to Shanghai I will have only one day to look around Shanghai. I will be happy if you can make a tour plan for me. Please say hello to Lu Mei. I’m looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Sandy
80. The most important purpose of writing this letter is to ___________.
A. ask for a tour plan B. ask for a reply C. say hello to Lu Mei
B
The first president of the United States of America, George Washington, borrowed two books from the New York Society Library in 1789. He didn't return them. The books are now about 220 years late. If Washington were still alive, he would have to pay the library $300,000 in fines（罚款）.
On October 5,1789, the first president borrowed two books from the library. He did not write his name in the borrower's book. Instead, he wrote" President" to show who had taken them out.
Workers at the library were recently organizing the library's old records. They noticed that the books were missing. The New York Society Library says it will not try to collect the fine but it would like the books back.
73. This passage mainly tells us_______.
A. president George Washington isn't perfect
B. the library wants to make itself more famous by fining the president
C. two books were found missing when the library were organizing its old records
A
An index (索引) is usually at the end of a hook. It tells us most of the topics the writer talks about in the book. The topics are usually listed from letter A to letter Z. Under each topic, there are some small topics, and we can find the page number after each small topic. Here is part of an index from a cookbook (烹调手册) :
Potatoes Salads Sandwiches Soups
dry 63 cabbage 125 apple and beef 161 bean 189
French fries 67 chicken egg 137 cheese 170 beef 192
new 82 fruits 139 chicken 172 carrot 196 .
sour 100 green 151 cold meat 182 chicken 220
61. The whole passage tells us about_________..
A. how to become a very good chef
B. what kind of food is very popular
C. how to use the index in a cookbook
B
The Year of the Dog has gone and this year we have pigs．What words can we think of for pigs Some bad words maybe，like silly，dirty，greedy(贪婪)…But，are these true
When we see pigs，they are usually in dirty water or behind dirty fences．But pigs also want to be clean if they can．Pigs have no sweat glands(汗腺)，so they have to get cool in water when they feel hot．
If people are greedy，we say they “pig out”．Yes，pigs love eating a lot．But they are useful to people．People not only eat their meat．but also use other parts of pigs．Pig skin is used for glue and shoes．The hair can be used to make brushes．Sometimes，pigs are even used to make medicine．
“He is as silly as a pig! “This expression is wrong．Pigs are very smart animals．Among all animals．they are the third cleverest－monkeys，dolphins and pigs．Scientists think the training of pigs is easier than the training of dogs and cats．Pigs have a very good sense of smell(嗅觉)．They can find things nearby or faraway．They can also help the police to sniff out drugs(毒品)at an airport or at a train station.
71. In this passage, the writer mainly wants to tell us that_______.
A. pigs are always very silly，dirty and greedy
B. pigs are as clever as monkeys and dolphins
C. people’s ideas about pigs are not always correct
A
Every year on my birthday, from the time I turned 12, a white gardenia (栀子花) was sent to my house. No card came with it. Calls to the flower shops were not helpful at all. After a while I stopped trying to discover the sender’s name and was just very pleased with the beautiful white flower in soft pink paper.
But I never stopped imagining who the giver might be. Some of my happiest moments were spent daydreaming about the sender. My mother encouraged this imagining. She’d ask me if there was someone for whom I had done a special kindness. Perhaps it was the old man who I looked after when he was ill. As a girl, I had more fun imagining that it might be a boy.
One month before my graduation, my father died. I felt very sad and didn’t want to go to the coming graduation dance at all. And I didn’t care whether I had a new dress or not. But my mother, in her own sadness, would not let me miss any of those things. She wanted he children to feel loved and lovable. In truth, my mother wanted her children to see themselves much like the gardenia—lovely, strong and perfect with perhaps a bit of mystery.
My mother died ten days after I was married. I was 22. That was the year the gardenia stopped coming.
53. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A. A Childhood Dream B. A Mother’s Love
C. A Graduation Party D. A Special Birthday
中考模拟题(判断正误)
Today the official language of the United Sates and most of Canada is English. However, French almost became the official language because of a war.
The French and Indian War was fought between 1754 and 1763. The name of this war is not accurate because the war was actually between England and France. The Indian fought on the side of the French.
France and England were trying to gain control of North America. France held Canada, and
England held part of what is now the United States. However, France tried to expand its land by
moving southward into New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, and Virginia. When the French built a
fort on the Ohio River, the residents in Virginia sent George Washington to attack the fort in 1754. However, the French defeated Washington. The French, aided by Indians, outsmarted（更精明）
the English and won many early battles. Later, the British began to do well
Against the French. In the final battle in Quebec, Canada, General Wolfe of England faced
General Montcalm from France. Both general died in this battle, but the English outlasted（比……持久）the French and won the battle. Thus, most of North America today has the
English culture and language.
1. A good title for this selection is The French and Indian War.阅读理解主旨题
教学目标：★★★★☆☆ 能够正确运用主旨题方法解题
问题层级图
目标层级图
一、常见文章体裁主旨大意考查方法
文章体裁分类
中考常见的主旨大意题大致分为三种，记叙文，说明文和议论文。前两者占大多数。三种类型在解答方法上大同小异。后面会一一介绍。
1. 记叙文：主要是以人物经历以及事情发展变化为主要内容。
2. 说明文：主要是对事物进行客观的介绍，阐述。
3 议论文：主要是解析事物，论述道理以及发表意见。 中考出现得比较少。
考察方法
常见的设问方式：
The passage/ article is (mainly) about/tell us…
The main idea/key point of this passage is that...
The best title for this passage is...
The topic/subject discussed in this passage is...
From the passage we can learn that...
The author/writer writes the passage mainly to ...
What does the story tell us
From Paragraph 3 we know that…
练习
1. 找出下列考查主旨大意的题干。
1) Soccer is the only popular sport in our modem world.
2) After 1863, soccer teams from different coup, tries could play against each other.
3) The topic of this article is about the World Cup.
4) The article is about a rock band.
5) There are three members in the band U2.
6) Oliver’s quick mind and action saved Oliver himself and Cherub.
7) From this passage, we know we have our own advantages in all situations, though we are different.
8) According to the passage, it’s common for people to hold parties in Hawaii at night.
KEYS: 3), 4), 7)
二、读文章以及把握段落大意
在判断出是对于主旨大意题的考查之后下一步即是寻找中心句，关键词。把握每段的大意，再组成整个文章的主旨。此步骤请学会用符号去标记。
关键词句：
在说明文和议论文里，关键词句通常位置有：
关键句：
1. 在段落首句/末句/第二句；
2. 在for example/first/second等前；
3. 在all in all/above all/however/yet等后。
关键词：多为名词或名词短语，特别重视在文章中反复出现的词。（尤其是在关键句里，其他句中也应注意。）
而记叙文由于多为记录事情发展的顺序，所以有时候每段的关键句不是特别明显，这就需要我们细读，然后总结出该段在讲什么，在和前后段落联系起来。如果文章对话较多，分段较多，我们可以大致根据文章的内容将其分为几个部分，然后再根据每个部分的内容，得出文章的主旨大意。
例:
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容判断句子正误。正确的涂“A”，错误的涂“B”
U2 is the name of a band from Ireland. It’s one of the most famous rock bands in the world.
In 1978, a 17-year-old high school student, Larry Mullen, looked for some musicians to make a band. Finally, he found another three boys and they set up a band. The four boys named their band U2.
They traveled a lot and gave concerts in many countries. More and more people got to know them and love their music. Many of their songs, such as Beautiful Day and walk on, were popular. In the 1980s, the band became famous.
Now the four members of U2 are still good student and their music is still popular. People in the world still enjoy their music.
75. The article is about a rock band.
KEYS:
段落关键词句：
第一段：
1. 句：U2 is the name of a band from Ireland.
2. 词：rock bands
3. 段意：U2是世界著名的摇滚乐队
第二段：
1. 句：More and more people got to know them and love their music.
2. 词：got to know, love
3. 段意: U2成名的过程
第三段：
1. 句：People in the world still enjoy their music.
2. 词：popular，enjoy their music
3. 段意：人们非常喜欢他们。
结合三段段意，本文主旨：
介绍U2这个乐队。所以答案为A.
例:
C
Deep down in the sea, Oliver, a little octopus(章鱼) sat on the floor covered with sand,
bored and upset. He watched pretty fish swimming in and out of rocks, which were laughing
and dancing in the sea. “Why am I so different ” he said to himself sadly.
“You are an octopus, Oliver. That’s special.” The sweet voice of Cherub, beautiful purple
angelfish(神仙鱼), always made Oliver feel better. Oliver looked up at the purple angelfish and
smiled. Cherub suggested, “Let’s play hide-and-seek(捉迷藏).” They were having so much fun
that they didn’t realize they had swum far from home. Suddenly, Cherub saw a large shark
(鱼)swimming above them. “It was Big White… the biggest, scariest shark in the sea,” she
shouted to Oliver. Cherub looked at Big White hopelessly. And idea came to Oliver. He quickly
sprayed(喷射)a very dark cloud of black water to the shark’s eyes. Then Oliver and Cherub
escaped and got home safely.
“Are you OK ” ask Oliver. Cherub laughed happily, “That was the most interesting trip
ever! You save me just now, Oliver. I am lucky to have you as my friend!” Oliver’s face turned
red. “I guess being different can be pretty cool in some situations,” Oliver said. “That is what I
tried to tell you,” Cherub smiled.
60. From this passage, we know we have our own advantages in all situations, though we are different.
KEYS：
本文为记叙文，叙述了小章鱼Oliver从最开始的无聊烦恼，到后面经历过危险后对自己正确认识的过程。此类文章在个别段落我们可能无法找到关键句。所以我们通过细读来理解每段在讲什么。
第一段：小章鱼Oliver觉得自己与别人不同，感觉自己很无聊和烦恼。
第二段：神仙鱼Cherub告诉他“你是一只章鱼Oliver， 就是你的特别之处”当他们碰到了大白鲨，Oliver靠自己的智慧使他们两个成功脱险。
第三段：
分析总结：题干中，我们在所有情况下都会有优点。而文中，是在一些情况下。故答案为B。
练习
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容判断句子正误。正确的涂“A”，错误的涂“B”
Soccer is one of the most popular sports in our modern world. But many years ago, each country had its own kind of soccer game with its own hales.
In 1863, a group 0f people met in England. They made some changes (改变) to the game. They made one set of new rules for every country to follow. After that, soccer teams from different countries could play against each other.
Some of the rules are still the same today. Now teams from all over the world take part in the World Cup every four years. It' s one of the most important things for all soccer fans.
69. The topic of this article is about the World Cup.
段落关键词句：
第一段：
1. 句：______________________________________________
2. 词：______________________________________________
3. 段意：______________________________________________
第二段：
1. 句：______________________________________________
2. 词：______________________________________________
3. 段意: ______________________________________________
第三段：
1. 句：______________________________________________
2. 词：______________________________________________
3. 段意：______________________________________________
结合三段段意，故本文主旨______________________________________________
练习2
B
A group of swans flew down to a beach where a crow(乌鸦) was jumping around. The crow watched them with disdain(鄙视).
“You have no flying skills at all!” he said to the swans. “All you can do is to move your wings. Can you turn over in the air No, that’s beyond you. Let’s have a flying competition. I’ll show you what real flying is!”
One of the swans, a strong young male, took up the challenge. The crow flew up and began to show his skills. He flew in circles, performed other flying tricks, and then came down and looked proudly at the swan.
Now it was the swan’s turn. He flew up, and began flying over the sea. The crow flew after him, making all kinds of comments(评价) about his flying. They flew on and on till they couldn’t see the land and there was nothing but water on all sides. The crow was making fewer and fewer comments. He was now so exhausted that he found it hard to stay in the air, and had to struggle to keep himself from falling into the water.
The swan pretended(假装) not to notice, and said, “Why do you keep touching the water, brother Is that another trick ”
“No,” said the crow. He knew he had lost the competition. “I’m in trouble because of my pride! If you don’t help me, I’ll lose my life…”
The swan took pity on him, and took him on his shoulders and flew back to the beach.
60. What does the story tell us
A. No pains, no gains. B. The early bird catches the worm.
C. Pride goes before a fall. D. Practice makes perfect.
本文的文体为 _____________。文章通过讲解乌鸦和天鹅的 _____________. 来告诉人们一个道理：________________________________________________________
第一部分： ____________________________________________________________________
第二部分： ____________________________________________________________________
第三部分： ____________________________________________________________________
KEYS:
第一段：
1. Soccer is one of the most popular sports in our modern world.
2. the most popular sports
3. 足球是世界上最受欢迎的运动之一
第二段：
1. After that, soccer teams from different countries could play against each other.
2. new rules；play against each other
3. 足球规则得到了规范，各国开始比赛。
第三段：
1. It’s one of the most important things for all soccer fans.
2. the World Cup, important things
3. 世界杯成为了球迷们的大事件。
故文章主旨不知识世界杯，所以答案为 B.
答案2
记叙文， 飞行比赛， 不能过分骄傲/ 骄兵必败。
第一部分： 乌鸦嘲讽天鹅
第二部分： 天鹅和乌鸦比赛
第三部分： 乌鸦由于技不如人，认输。
选项A：付出才有收获。 B: 早起的鸟儿有虫吃 C: 骄兵必败 D. 熟能生巧
答案为 C
三、识别错误的陷进信息。
错误选项的特征：
1. 文章细节，即只概括了部分内容或只是原文的一个例子，太过具体。
2. 与文章事实不符，或根本未提及。
例:
A
Hawaii has always been a magic name to people who like traveling. People from all over the world dream of seeing the beautiful islands in the middle of the ocean. It’s always one of their dreams to watch the sun going down. The sun drops like a ball of bright fire into the sea, and it drops so quickly that you can even see it move.
About two thousand years ago, the first people went to Hawaii in a very small boat. They found the beautiful white sand beaches and the waving palm trees. But it was difficult for people to go to Hawaii at that time. And there were no big hotels like the ones today. Now people can get to Hawaii in different ways. More and more people go to Hawaii. So lots of nice big hotels have been built in recent years. However, the scenery (自然景色) in Hawaii hasn’t changed much. The white sand beaches and the waving palm trees are still there. People often have a peaceful time, taking a walk along the water in the morning. At night, they get together to hold parties, chatting and dancing. So if you’re thinking about relaxing yourself, Hawaii is surely the first place for you to choose.
45. The passage mainly tells us the first people who came to Hawaii.
KEYS:
段落大意：
第一段：介绍夏威夷美丽的景色。
第二段：夏威夷被发现和开发的过程。
题干中，第一批到达夏威夷的人属于第二段中的一个具体部分。属于细节部分。
故答案为：B
例:
A
A young man from a village called Nawalapitiya married a young woman from Maiyuwa, a small village. They lived with the man’s big family－his parents, his brothers, their wives and husbands and children. The family kept an elephant, in which the woman soon took a great interest. Every day she fed it with fruit and sugar.
Three months later, having quarreled with her husband, the woman went back to her parents’ home. Soon the elephant refused to eat and work. It appeared to be ill and heartbroken. One morning after several weeks the animal disappeared from the house.
It went to the woman’s home. On seeing her, the elephant waved its trunk and touched her with it. The young woman was so moved by the act of the animal .So she went back to her husband’s home.
60. The writer wrote the story in order to______.
A. tell how a woman trained a wild animal
B. show that women care more for animals than men do
C. tell how an animal got a husband and a wife together again
KEYS:
本文为记叙文。
第一段：一度夫妇结婚后，妻子每天都照顾家里的大象。
第二段：妻子离家后，大象不吃不喝。
第三段：大象离家出走找到了妻子。并帮助她和丈夫和好。
A. 选项，女人如何训练野生动物。 文章并未提及。
B. 选项，女人比丈夫更爱动物，文章并未提及。
故答案为C.
练习
C
Computers are good tools (工具).The Internet is also good. But some people spend too much time online. They can’t stop. Doctors say this is a new sickness. They call this sickness Internet Addiction Disorder (互联网成瘾症)(IAD).
People with IAD are online a lot. They spend hours chatting to their friends or playing online games. Many people with IAD spend more time on the Internet than with family or friends. Some people with IAD even quit(辞掉)their jobs!
Do you have IAD Think about these questions：How many hours a day are you online Is it a lot or a little When you are not online，are you thinking about playing a computer game or checking your messages When you are online，do you forget the time Do you get angry when you can’t play a game
If you have IAD，what can you do Dr. Ivan Goldberg and Dr. Kimberly S.Young have some ideas. First，ask yourself “Why am I online a lot ” Then try to take a break. For example，use the computer or play games twice a week，not every day. In this way，you can have a good social life with other friends.
33. The passage is mainly about________
A. a new sickness B.an online game C. messages D. computer jobs
B
Chuck Wall teaches management and human relations at Bakersfield College. He walked into class one day and told his students that their homework was to perform one act of random(任意的) kindness. His students did not understand the homework and didn’t know what to do, but the professor would not answer their questions. He encouraged his students to work it out for themselves.
One week later, the students entered the classroom excited to share their stories. One student told of giving away blankets to the homeless. Another reported on helping a dog to find its owner, and another student had been trying to find a long, lost friend. Students were energized (给予活力) by the homework assignment and wanted other people to be kind too. With the support of local businesses, the students made stickers to put on cars that invited people to do something kind for others. They sold the stickers and decided to donate the money to a center for the blind---not surprising as Professor Wall is blind.
Since then, similar kindness activities have been started in schools around the world. Many schools organize a Random Acts of Kindness Week, around November 13th, to celebrate World Kindness Day. Some schools use each day of Random Acts of Kindness Week to perform a different kind act, such as making a new friend, helping someone, doing community service, or raising money for a charity. Students learn to consider other people and thank about how small actions can make the world a better place.
65. Which is the best title of the passage
A. Learning Kind Things B. Teaching Kindness
C. World Kindness Day D. Bakersfield College
A
Dear Li Fei,
How are you I will have a short holiday next week and have decided to visit Shanghai for a second time. I have booked a room in the Peace Hotel. I hear it is on the Bund(外滩) and has a good view of the famous Huangpu River. I will arrive on the night of March 27 and leave early on March 29. I would like to visit some of the most famous places, such as Nanjing Road and Yu Garden in Chenghuangmiao. Can you give me some suggestions for my visit to Shanghai I will have only one day to look around Shanghai. I will be happy if you can make a tour plan for me. Please say hello to Lu Mei. I’m looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Sandy
80. The most important purpose of writing this letter is to ___________.
A. ask for a tour plan B. ask for a reply C. say hello to Lu Mei
B
The first president of the United States of America, George Washington, borrowed two books from the New York Society Library in 1789. He didn't return them. The books are now about 220 years late. If Washington were still alive, he would have to pay the library $300,000 in fines（罚款）.
On October 5,1789, the first president borrowed two books from the library. He did not write his name in the borrower's book. Instead, he wrote" President" to show who had taken them out.
Workers at the library were recently organizing the library's old records. They noticed that the books were missing. The New York Society Library says it will not try to collect the fine but it would like the books back.
73. This passage mainly tells us_______.
A. president George Washington isn't perfect
B. the library wants to make itself more famous by fining the president
C. two books were found missing when the library were organizing its old records
A
An index (索引) is usually at the end of a hook. It tells us most of the topics the writer talks about in the book. The topics are usually listed from letter A to letter Z. Under each topic, there are some small topics, and we can find the page number after each small topic. Here is part of an index from a cookbook (烹调手册) :
Potatoes Salads Sandwiches Soups
dry 63 cabbage 125 apple and beef 161 bean 189
French fries 67 chicken egg 137 cheese 170 beef 192
new 82 fruits 139 chicken 172 carrot 196 .
sour 100 green 151 cold meat 182 chicken 220
61. The whole passage tells us about_________..
A. how to become a very good chef
B. what kind of food is very popular
C. how to use the index in a cookbook
B
The Year of the Dog has gone and this year we have pigs．What words can we think of for pigs Some bad words maybe，like silly，dirty，greedy(贪婪)…But，are these true
When we see pigs，they are usually in dirty water or behind dirty fences．But pigs also want to be clean if they can．Pigs have no sweat glands(汗腺)，so they have to get cool in water when they feel hot．
If people are greedy，we say they “pig out”．Yes，pigs love eating a lot．But they are useful to people．People not only eat their meat．but also use other parts of pigs．Pig skin is used for glue and shoes．The hair can be used to make brushes．Sometimes，pigs are even used to make medicine．
“He is as silly as a pig! “This expression is wrong．Pigs are very smart animals．Among all animals．they are the third cleverest－monkeys，dolphins and pigs．Scientists think the training of pigs is easier than the training of dogs and cats．Pigs have a very good sense of smell(嗅觉)．They can find things nearby or faraway．They can also help the police to sniff out drugs(毒品)at an airport or at a train station.
71. In this passage, the writer mainly wants to tell us that_______.
A. pigs are always very silly，dirty and greedy
B. pigs are as clever as monkeys and dolphins
C. people’s ideas about pigs are not always correct
A
Every year on my birthday, from the time I turned 12, a white gardenia (栀子花) was sent to my house. No card came with it. Calls to the flower shops were not helpful at all. After a while I stopped trying to discover the sender’s name and was just very pleased with the beautiful white flower in soft pink paper.
But I never stopped imagining who the giver might be. Some of my happiest moments were spent daydreaming about the sender. My mother encouraged this imagining. She’d ask me if there was someone for whom I had done a special kindness. Perhaps it was the old man who I looked after when he was ill. As a girl, I had more fun imagining that it might be a boy.
One month before my graduation, my father died. I felt very sad and didn’t want to go to the coming graduation dance at all. And I didn’t care whether I had a new dress or not. But my mother, in her own sadness, would not let me miss any of those things. She wanted he children to feel loved and lovable. In truth, my mother wanted her children to see themselves much like the gardenia—lovely, strong and perfect with perhaps a bit of mystery.
My mother died ten days after I was married. I was 22. That was the year the gardenia stopped coming.
53. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A. A Childhood Dream B. A Mother’s Love
C. A Graduation Party D. A Special Birthday
中考模拟题(判断正误)
Today the official language of the United Sates and most of Canada is English. However, French almost became the official language because of a war.
The French and Indian War was fought between 1754 and 1763. The name of this war is not accurate because the war was actually between England and France. The Indian fought on the side of the French.
France and England were trying to gain control of North America. France held Canada, and
England held part of what is now the United States. However, France tried to expand its land by
moving southward into New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, and Virginia. When the French built a
fort on the Ohio River, the residents in Virginia sent George Washington to attack the fort in 1754. However, the French defeated Washington. The French, aided by Indians, outsmarted（更精明）
the English and won many early battles. Later, the British began to do well
Against the French. In the final battle in Quebec, Canada, General Wolfe of England faced
General Montcalm from France. Both general died in this battle, but the English outlasted（比……持久）the French and won the battle. Thus, most of North America today has the
English culture and language.
1. A good title for this selection is The French and Indian War.
KEYS:
1-5 ABAAC 6-8 CBA
