动词短语
一.动词短语
【考点介绍】
动词短语是英语中的常见语法结构,主要考察学生对于动词短语的构成、意义和用法的理解。常见的考查方式包括单项选择题、填空题、阅读理解题等。
【典型例题】
﹣What will you _______the old books?
﹣ I'll give them to my little cousin.( )
A.deal withB.do withC.play with
分析:﹣你打算怎么处理这些旧书?
﹣我会把它们送给我的小表弟。
解答:deal with处理,和how连用;do with处理,和what连用;play with和……一起玩。根据题干中的what,故用do with。
故选:B。
点评:熟悉动词短语的用法,结合题意,给出答案。
【解题思路】
1.确定动词短语的构成
首先需要确定动词短语中的核心动词,以及与该动词相关的其他词素,例如介词短语、副词等。
2.注意动词短语的语义关系
动词短语表达一个完整的动作或行为,需要确定该动作或行为的主体、客体和其他语义关系。
3.分析动词短语的时态和语态
动词短语通常与特定的时态和语态连用,例如现在完成时态、过去进行时态等。在解题时需要注意动词短语的时态和语态。
4.确定动词短语的指代
有时候题目中会出现动词短语作为主语或宾语的情况,需要确定动词短语的指代关系。
一.选择题(共20小题)
【基础巩固】
1.(2023秋 秦淮区校级期末)This pair of red shoes is made of leather.May I ______?( )
A.try it on B.try on it
C.try them on D.try on them
2.(2024 无锡模拟)﹣Are you ready for taking part in the Aespa's show?
﹣No.It is easy to a play but difficult to act it out.( )
A.make up B.took up C.go up D.put up
3.(2024 长汀县一模)—Why does our country build Wolong Nature Reserve?
—We must protect the pandas,or they will ________ in a few years.( )
A.put out B.die out C.come out
4.(2024 东明县二模) Homework most of students' free time so that they have no time to relax and exercise.( )
A.takes up B.takes off
C.takes away
5.(2024 云龙区校级三模)Hospital doctors don't go out very often as their work ____all their time.( )
A.takes away B.takes in
C.takes over D.takes up
6.(2024 菏泽模拟)—Can I wash my shoes tomorrow?
—Why not wash them today?Never _________what you can do today till tomorrow.( )
A. get off B. put off C. take off
7.(2024 东海县模拟)The thief a house through the window but was caught at last.( )
A.broke into B.broke in
C.broke down D.broke out
8.(2024 天津二模)Li Lei is a good boy.He always helps___before dinner.( )
A.take a vacation B.get into trouble
C.lay the table D.keep a diary
9.(2024 漳州模拟)—Mom,I the test tomorrow.
—Take it easy.As long as you try your best,the result is not so important.( )
A.am nervous about B.am satisfied with
C.am confident of
10.(2024 漳州二模)—Could you tell me the meaning of "KIT"?
—It "keep in touch".( )
A.stands for B.takes up
C.changes into
【能力提升】
11.(2024 琼海校级模拟)Learning English requires ______ effort.( )
A.too many B.too much C.much too
12.(2024 琼海校级模拟)﹣﹣May I have some bread,Lucy?
﹣﹣Certainly.______!It's in the kitchen.( )
A. Help yourself B.Never mind
C.Sounds good
13.(2024 邱县二模) Let's go and our friends.They look so sad because of the result.( )
A.wake up B.cheer up C.pick up D.set up
14.(2024 武威三模)—Don't ________ your grandparents,Frank.It's impolite to do so.
—Sorry,Mom.I won't do that again.( )
A.talk back to B.look up to
C.look forward to D.pay attention to
15.(2024 白银模拟)—Do you know the meaning of this word?
—No,I don't.Let's the word in the dictionary.( )
A.put on B.lay out C.cut down D.look up
16.(2024 武威三模)Steve overslept this morning because his alarm clock didn't ________.( )
A.go off B.take off C.shut off D.get off
17.(2024 武都区一模)—I don't know how to the old clothes.
—You can give them away to the charity.( )
A.hand in B.clean up C.take up D.deal with
18.(2024 海州区校级三模)—To my surprise,the lazy boy has passed such a hard exam!
—His luck is going to ________ sooner or later.Remember effort is everything.( )
A.put out B.break out C.work out D.run out
19.(2024 姜堰区一模)The government is lifts in the old buildings of some communities so that people,especially the elderly can go up and down easily.( )
A.taking away B.putting in
C.taking off D.putting out
20.(2024 武威二模)Jerry knew how to make the sweeping robot clean certain areas after he _______the instructions.( )
A.put up B.pointed at
C.threw away D.looked through
动词短语
参考答案与试题解析
一.选择题(共20小题)
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
答案 C A B A B A C A A B
题号 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
答案 A B A D A D D B D
一.选择题(共20小题)
1.(2023秋 秦淮区校级期末)This pair of red shoes is made of leather.May I ______?( )
A.try it on B.try on it
C.try them on D.try on them
【考点】动词短语;人称代词的宾格.
【答案】C
【分析】这双红鞋是皮革做的。我可以试穿一下吗?
【解答】try on试穿。shoes是复数形式,用them代替,放在短语中间。
故选:C。
【点评】熟悉动词短语和人称代词的用法,结合题意,给出答案。
2.(2024 无锡模拟)﹣Are you ready for taking part in the Aespa's show?
﹣No.It is easy to a play but difficult to act it out.( )
A.make up B.took up C.go up D.put up
【考点】动词短语.
【答案】A
【分析】﹣你准备好参加Aespa的表演了吗?
﹣没有。编造一个剧本很容易,但把它表演出来却很难。
【解答】make up编造;took up占用;go up上涨;put up举起,张贴。根据Are you ready for taking part in the Aespa's show?(你准备好参加Aespa的表演了吗?)可知,此处是说"没有。编造一个剧本很容易,但把它表演出来却很难。"
故选:A。
【点评】考查动词短语,应牢记其含义和用法,结合语境答题。
3.(2024 长汀县一模)—Why does our country build Wolong Nature Reserve?
—We must protect the pandas,or they will ________ in a few years.( )
A.put out B.die out C.come out
【考点】动词短语.
【答案】B
【分析】—为什么我们国家要建卧龙自然保护区?
—我们必须保护熊猫,否则它们几年后就会灭绝。
【解答】put out扑灭;die out灭绝;come out出版。根据"We must protect the pandas,or they will...in a few years"(我们必须保护熊猫,否则它们几年后就会……)可知,如果不保护熊猫,熊猫可能就会灭绝。
故选:B。
【点评】要求学生熟悉常见的动词段语境的含义及用法,再根据题干即可作出选择。
4.(2024 东明县二模) Homework most of students' free time so that they have no time to relax and exercise.( )
A.takes up B.takes off
C.takes away
【考点】动词短语.
【答案】A
【分析】家庭作业占据了学生的大部分空闲时间,所以他们没有时间放松和锻炼。
【解答】takes up占据;takes off脱下;takes away带走。根据后面so that they have no time to relax and exercise(所以他们没有时间放松和锻炼)和选项提示可知,前面句意为"家庭作业占据了学生的大部分空闲时间",要填"占据",其它选项语意不通。
故选:A。
【点评】考查动词短语,要牢记动词短语的词义及用法,进行比较分析,选择正确答案。
5.(2024 云龙区校级三模)Hospital doctors don't go out very often as their work ____all their time.( )
A.takes away B.takes in
C.takes over D.takes up
【考点】动词短语.
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】医院的医生不经常外出,因为他们的工作占据了他们所有的时间.
【解答】A表示拿走,B表示吸收,C表示接管,D表示占据.根据题干可知医生不能经常外出是因为工作占据了他们所有的时间.
故选:D.
【点评】本题考查动词短语辨析,熟悉每个短语的含义,再根据题干即可作出选择.take短语是中考的重点,需熟记.
6.(2024 菏泽模拟)—Can I wash my shoes tomorrow?
—Why not wash them today?Never _________what you can do today till tomorrow.( )
A. get off B. put off C. take off
【考点】动词短语.
【答案】B
【分析】——我明天可以刷鞋吗?
——为什么不今天刷呢?永远不要把你今天能做的事情推迟到明天。
【解答】get off下车;put off推迟;take off脱掉,起飞,都是动词短语。根据前面的句意"我明天可以刷鞋吗?为什么不今天刷呢"可知,后面句意为"永远不要把你今天能做的事情推迟到明天",要填"推迟",其它选项语意不通。
故选:B。
【点评】考查动词短语,要牢记动词短语的词义及用法,进行比较分析,选择正确答案。
7.(2024 东海县模拟)The thief a house through the window but was caught at last.( )
A.broke into B.broke in
C.broke down D.broke out
【考点】动词短语.
【答案】A
【分析】小偷从窗户闯进一所房子,但最后被抓住了。
【解答】broke into闯入;broke in闯入;broke down消除、分解、打破;broke out爆发。结合句意此处应填"闯入",break in是不及物动词短语,后不可直接跟宾语;break into是及物动词短语,后可接宾语。
故选:A。
【点评】考查动词短语,分析题干,选出答案。
8.(2024 天津二模)Li Lei is a good boy.He always helps___before dinner.( )
A.take a vacation B.get into trouble
C.lay the table D.keep a diary
【考点】动词短语.
【答案】C
【分析】李雷是个好男孩。他总是在晚饭前帮忙摆桌子。
【解答】A.度假;B.陷入困境;C.摆桌子;D.记日记。根据Li Lei is a good boy.He always helps___before dinner(李雷是个好男孩。他总是在晚饭前帮忙......)可知,李雷是个好男孩。他总是在晚饭前帮忙摆桌子。
故选:C。
【点评】掌握动词短语的意思,结合语境答题。
9.(2024 漳州模拟)—Mom,I the test tomorrow.
—Take it easy.As long as you try your best,the result is not so important.( )
A.am nervous about B.am satisfied with
C.am confident of
【考点】形容词短语.
【答案】A
【分析】—妈妈,明天的考试让我很紧张。
—别紧张。只要你尽力了,结果并不那么重要。
【解答】am nervous about对……紧张;am satisfied with对……感到满意;am confident of对……有信心。由Take it easy.(别紧张。)可知,是对考试感到紧张。
故选:A。
【点评】考查形容词短语,应牢记其含义和用法,结合语境答题。
10.(2024 漳州二模)—Could you tell me the meaning of "KIT"?
—It "keep in touch".( )
A.stands for B.takes up
C.changes into
【考点】动词短语.
【答案】A
【分析】—你能告诉我"KIT"的意思吗?
—它代表"保持联系"。
【解答】stands for代表;takes up占用;changes into变成。根据问句Could you tell me the meaning of "KIT"?
(你能告诉我"KIT"的意思吗?)可知,此处指的是"KIT"所代表的的含义。
故选:A。
【点评】考查动词短语词义辨析。根据句意和选项得出正确答案。
11.(2024 琼海校级模拟)Learning English requires ______ effort.( )
A.too many B.too much C.much too
【考点】形容词短语.
【答案】B
【分析】学习英语需要太多的努力。
【解答】too many太多,后跟可数名词复数;too much太多,后跟不可数名词;much too太,后跟形容词或副词。effort(努力)是不可数名词,用too much修饰。
故选:B。
【点评】考查形容词短语,应牢记其含义和用法,结合语境答题。
12.(2024 琼海校级模拟)﹣﹣May I have some bread,Lucy?
﹣﹣Certainly.______!It's in the kitchen.( )
A. Help yourself B.Never mind
C.Sounds good
【考点】动词短语.
【答案】A
【分析】﹣﹣我可以吃些面包吗,露西?
﹣﹣当然可以。请自便!它在厨房里。
【解答】Help yourself请自便;Never mind没关系;Sounds good听起来像。根据It's in the kitchen.(它在厨房里。)可知,此处是说"当然可以。请自便!"
故选:A。
【点评】考查动词短语,应牢记其含义和用法,结合语境答题。
13.(2024 邱县二模) Let's go and our friends.They look so sad because of the result.( )
A.wake up B.cheer up C.pick up D.set up
【考点】动词短语.
【答案】B
【分析】让我们去使我们的朋友振作起来。他们因为这个结果看起来很伤心。
【解答】wake up醒来;cheer up振作起来;pick up拾起;set up建立,都是动词短语。根据后句句意"他们因为这个结果看起来很伤心"和选项提示可知,前句句意为"让我们去使我们的朋友振作起来",要填"振作起来",其它选项语意不通。
故选:B。
【点评】考查动词短语,要牢记动词短语的词义及用法,进行比较分析,选择正确答案。
14.(2024 武威三模)—Don't ________ your grandparents,Frank.It's impolite to do so.
—Sorry,Mom.I won't do that again.( )
A.talk back to B.look up to
C.look forward to D.pay attention to
【考点】动词短语.
【答案】A
【分析】—弗兰克,不要跟你的祖父母顶嘴。这样做是不礼貌的。
—对不起,妈妈。我不会再那样做了。
【解答】talk back to顶嘴;look up to崇拜;look forward to期盼;pay attention to注意。根据"It's impolite to do so.(这样做是不礼貌的。)"可知,和爷爷奶奶顶嘴是不礼貌的行为。
故选:A。
【点评】考查动词短语,应牢记其含义和用法,结合语境答题。
15.(2024 白银模拟)—Do you know the meaning of this word?
—No,I don't.Let's the word in the dictionary.( )
A.put on B.lay out C.cut down D.look up
【考点】动词短语.
【答案】D
【分析】—你知道这个单词的意思吗?
—不,我不知道。咱们在字典里查这个单词吧。
【解答】A.穿上,B.摆放,C.砍伐,D.查阅,根据the word(单词)可知是查字典。
故选:D。
【点评】分析短语的含义,结合句意作答。
16.(2024 武威三模)Steve overslept this morning because his alarm clock didn't ________.( )
A.go off B.take off C.shut off D.get off
【考点】动词短语.
【答案】A
【分析】史蒂夫今天早上睡过头了,因为他的闹钟没有响.
【解答】go off 进行,闹钟响,take off 脱掉. shut off 切断. get off 下车.根据上文史蒂夫今天早上睡过头了,可知是因为他的闹钟没有响.故选:A。
【点评】理解各个选项的含义,及其用法的区别,根据具体内容作答.
17.(2024 武都区一模)—I don't know how to the old clothes.
—You can give them away to the charity.( )
A.hand in B.clean up C.take up D.deal with
【考点】动词短语.
【答案】D
【分析】﹣﹣我不知道怎样处理这些旧衣服。
﹣﹣你可以把它们捐赠给慈善机构。
【解答】hand in上交;clean up清扫;take up占据;deal with处理;根据句意,你可以把它们捐赠给慈善机构,可知是不知道怎样处理这些旧衣服。
故选:D。
【点评】牢记动词短语的词义及用法,进行比较分析,选择正确答案。
18.(2024 海州区校级三模)—To my surprise,the lazy boy has passed such a hard exam!
—His luck is going to ________ sooner or later.Remember effort is everything.( )
A.put out B.break out C.work out D.run out
【考点】动词短语.
【答案】D
【分析】—令我惊讶的是,这个懒惰的男孩竟然通过了这么难的考试!
—他的好运迟早会用完,记住努力才是一切。
【解答】put out扑灭;break out爆发;work out解答;run out用完。由上句"To my surprise,the lazy boy has passed such a hard exam!"知,此句与答语"他的运气迟早会用完。"逻辑通顺。
故选:D。
【点评】掌握动词短语的意思和用法,分析选项,结合句意选择正确答案。
19.(2024 姜堰区一模)The government is lifts in the old buildings of some communities so that people,especially the elderly can go up and down easily.( )
A.taking away B.putting in
C.taking off D.putting out
【考点】动词短语.
【答案】B
【分析】政府正在一些社区的旧建筑里安装电梯,这样人们,尤其是老年人就可以轻松地上下楼梯。
【解答】taking away拿走;putting in提出,投入,安装;taking off脱下,起飞;putting out扑灭。根据后面的so that people,especially the elderly can go up and down easily(这样人们,尤其是老年人就可以轻松地上下楼梯)和选项提示可知,前面句意为"政府正在一些社区的旧建筑里安装电梯",要填"安装",其它选项语意不通。
故选:B。
【点评】考查动词短语,要牢记动词短语的词义及用法,进行比较分析,选择正确答案。
20.(2024 武威二模)Jerry knew how to make the sweeping robot clean certain areas after he _______the instructions.( )
A.put up B.pointed at
C.threw away D.looked through
【考点】动词短语.
【答案】D
【分析】杰里在浏览说明书之后知道了如何让清扫机器人清洁某些区域。
【解答】put up张贴,悬挂;pointed at指向;threw away扔掉;looked through浏览。根据主句句意"杰里知道了如何让清扫机器人清洁某些区域"可知,时间状语从句为"他在浏览说明书之后",要填"浏览",其它选项语意不通。
故选:D。
【点评】考查动词短语,要牢记动词短语的词义及用法,进行比较分析,选择正确答案。