阅读理解之记叙文
备战2025年中考英语新课标（核心素养）二轮复习之优秀生拔高重难题型特训
【预测分析】
一、重难点分析
1. 情节与逻辑梳理
- 复杂事件发展：
- 叙事可能包含多时间线（如回忆与现实交替）或次要情节干扰（如插叙）。
- 干扰项常利用“时间顺序混淆”或“因果倒置”设置陷阱（如将结果误认为原因）。
- 隐含情感与人物动机：
- 需通过动作描写、对话或环境渲染推断人物心理（如“clenched fists”暗示愤怒）。
2. 细节定位与推理判断
- 关键细节遗漏：
- 时间、地点、人物关系等细节易被次要信息掩盖（如混淆“uncle”和“father”）。
- 推理判断题：
- 需结合上下文推测隐含意义（如“rain poured outside”暗示故事氛围压抑）。
- 文化背景干扰：
- 西方节日习俗（如圣诞节送礼习惯）与中国文化差异可能导致误解。
3. 主旨与主题归纳
-抽象主题理解：
-如“成长的代价”“传统与现代的冲突”需结合全文细节提炼。
-标题选择陷阱：
- 干扰项可能仅概括局部情节（如“a rainy day”）而非核心主题。
4. 南京本土元素结合
- 本地故事背景：
-可能涉及南京地标（如中山陵、玄武湖）或文化事件（如秦淮灯会）。
-历史与现代融合：
- 如明城墙保护与青年志愿者活动的结合。
二、解题步骤（四步精准法）
1.速读全文，把握主线与情感基调
- 跳读首段、末段及每段首句，明确故事主题（如“友谊”“环保行动”）。
- 标记情感词（如“excited”“frustrated”）和转折点（如“suddenly”“however”）。
例：> “Lily failed the piano exam three times, but she kept practicing until...” → **主题为“坚持与成功”。
2. 细读题干，定位关键细节
-人物类：锁定对话、动作或心理描写（如“Mom said gently, ‘You need rest.’”）。
-事件类：关注时间状语（“One rainy afternoon”）和因果关联词（“so...that”）。
-推理类：寻找隐含线索（如“her hands trembled”暗示紧张）。
3.逻辑推理，排除干扰选项
-偷换概念：
-原文说“Lily practiced every night”，选项改为“she hated piano”→错误。
-过度推断：
-原文仅描述“he closed the window”，选项推断“he was angry”→无依据。
-局部与整体混淆：
- 干扰项仅复述次要情节（如“met a friend”）而非主旨。
4. 回读验证，确保逻辑一致
- 代入答案后检查是否符合人物行为逻辑（如“generous”需对应“shared toys with others”）。
- 关注结尾升华句（如“True friendship lasts forever”）以确认主题。
三、预测分析
1. 高频主题预测
-成长故事：
- 克服困难（如学骑自行车、准备比赛）、家庭矛盾与和解。
-传统文化传承：
- 非遗技艺学习（如云锦编织）、南京民俗（如秦淮灯会筹备）。
- 社会热点：
- 环保行动（如垃圾分类志愿者）、科技与生活（如AI助老）。
2. 核心考点预测
-细节定位：
-时间（“after dinner”）、地点（“under the ancient tree”）、人物关系（“cousin” vs. “neighbor”）。
-推理判断：
-人物动机（“He lied to protect his sister”）、情感变化（“from sad to hopeful”）。
-主旨归纳：
-标题选择（如“The Day I Found My Voice”对应“自信成长”主题）。
-词义猜测：
-结合语境猜词（如“relentless”在“practiced relentlessly”中意为“坚持不懈”）。
3. 南京特色结合
-本土故事：
- 明孝陵的守护者故事、长江江豚保护行动、夫子庙志愿者经历。
-文化词汇：
- 如“ancient town preservation”“Nanjing salted duck”相关表达。
4. 易错陷阱预测
-情感误判：
-人物表面行为与真实情感矛盾（如“laughed loudly”实则掩饰悲伤）。
-时间线混淆：
-倒叙或插叙导致事件顺序误判（如“Finally”实际指中间情节）。
四、备考建议
1. 强化叙事结构分析：
-用流程图梳理时间线、人物关系及事件因果链。
2. 情感与细节敏感度训练：
-标记文本中的情感词、动作描写及环境渲染，训练推理能力。
3. 限时实战与错题归类：
-每篇记叙文控制在8-10分钟，按错误类型（细节遗漏、推理偏差）总结。
4.积累本土素材：
- 阅读南京英文版旅游指南或新闻，熟悉本地文化词汇与故事背景。
五、总结
南京中考记叙文阅读注重“情节梳理、情感推理与主题升华”。备考时需：
-掌握叙事逻辑（时间线、转折点、情感变化）；
-强化细节定位与推理能力；
-关注南京本土文化元素。
通过针对性训练和策略应用，考生可高效突破记叙文阅读，提升得分率！
【基础试题】
A
It’s easy to know if the plate I’m washing is my grandfather’s—it will have no food left. My younger brother is the opposite—there’s always food left over. The feel of warm water and the dish soap on dinner plates always comfort me a lot at the end of a busy day.
About a year ago, our family dishwasher broke. My dad had just left for a work trip, so I offered to do the dishes by hand to help my busy mum.
At first, doing the dishes greatly annoyed me. I was in a rush to get them done because there was endless work waiting for me to do. However, slowly, the task of washing off food leftovers soon led to a transformation in me. So even when we did finally buy a new dishwasher, I still kept washing the dishes by hand after dinner.
I always start with the dinner plates. I have learned to turn them over and wash the bottom. Then I move to any bowls that have been used. After the bowls, I turn to the dishes used to cook.
Standing in the same place every day, washing the dishes by hand has been more calming and meaningful than I could have ever imagined. For about 15 minutes every day, I can slow down and forget everything in the world as my mind, eyes and hands focus on (专注于) a simple task that would always result in success. Now I’m able to get myself out of all my worries and put myself more wholeheartedly into enjoying the simple task.
1．Why did the writer do the dishes at the beginning
A．Because he had a hard life.
B．Because the dishwasher broke.
C．Because his father asked him to do it.
D．Because he didn’t like doing other work.
2．What do the underlined words “a transformation” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A．An accident. B．A problem.
C．A change. D．An agreement.
3．What is the correct order of the following events
①I enjoyed doing the dishes. ②We got a new dishwasher.
③I did the dishes in a hurry. ④I decided to help my mom.
A．④③②① B．④②③① C．①④②③ D．①②④③
4．What’s the writer’s purpose of writing the passage
A．To tell why he loves his family.
B．To show how he can wash the dishes.
C．To show when he washes dishes by hand.
D．To tell what he’s learnt from washing the dishes.
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D
【难度】0.85
【知识点】个人经历、记叙文
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了一个关于洗碗的故事，以及作者通过洗碗获得的感悟和成长。
1．细节理解题。根据“About a year ago, our family dishwasher broke. My dad had just left for a work trip, so I offered to do the dishes by hand to help my busy mum.”可知，作者一开始因为洗碗机坏了才做饭后洗碗的工作。故选B。
2．词义猜测题。根据划线词前“At first, doing the dishes greatly annoyed me.”以及划线词后的“So even when we did finally buy a new dishwasher, I still kept washing the dishes by hand after dinner.”可知，作者最开始不喜欢洗碗，划线词后面提到了家里买了一台新洗碗机，但是晚饭后作者仍然坚持用手洗碗，因此，划线词是说作者因洗碗有了内心的变化，划线词表示“变化”。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据“so I offered to do the dishes by hand to help my busy mum.”可知，作者决定帮妈妈洗碗；根据“ I was in a rush to get them done because there was endless work waiting for me to do.”可知，初期洗碗很匆忙；根据“So even when we did finally buy a new dishwasher, I still kept washing the dishes by hand after dinner.”可知，后来买了新的洗碗机，但是作者最终享受做洗碗这件事，因此正确的顺序是④③②①。故选A。
4．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据“Standing in the same place every day, washing the dishes by hand has been more calming and meaningful than I could have ever imagined.”以及“Now I’m able to get myself out of all my worries and put myself more wholeheartedly into enjoying the simple task.”可知，作者通过洗碗的过程描述，分享洗碗这件事带给他的心得体会和内心的变化。故选D。
B
17-year-old Mack Rutherford became the youngest pilot (飞行员) to fly around the world in 2022. On August 24, he landed his airplane safely back in Bulgaria, ending a five-month trip on a plane.
Mack’s trip began in Bulgaria on March 23. He was 16 at the time, and celebrated his birthday on June 21 during his trip. He flew in a small, two-seater airplane and travelled over Europe, Africa, Asia, and North America. He visited 30 countries in all.
At first, Mack expected his trip to take two to three months, but he had to change his ideas from time to time. In some places, he had to wait long for getting permissions (许可证) to fly.
Some other problems also brought changes to his flight (飞行) plan, such as terrible weather. Once he had to fly through heavy rain in India, and ended up with water in his gas tanks.
But to Mack, the biggest problem came after a 10-hour flight crossing the Pacific Ocean from Japan. He had to land just as it was getting dark—on an island with no one else on it. He spent the night in the open air.
Mack had a lot of difficult times, but he still described the trip as “wonderful”. Now Mack has set the record for the youngest person to fly around the world alone, beating 18-year-old English pilot, Travis Ludlow, who set the record on September 1, 2021.
When asked why he began his trip, Mack said he hoped his trip would show young people that they could make a difference. “You don’t need to be 18 to do something special. Just follow your dreams and they will finally come true,” he said.
1．When did Mack finish his trip
A．On March 23. B．On June 21. C．On August 24. D．On September 1.
2．Which part was the most difficult for Mack
A．Changing his flight plan. B．A night on an island alone.
C．Terrible weather conditions. D．Getting permissions to fly.
3．Why did Mack begin his trip
A．To do some scientific research on the weather.
B．To show the use of the plane for personal flight.
C．To encourage the young to follow their dreams.
D．To be the youngest pilot to fly around the world.
4．What is the best title for the text
A．A Dream Airplane B．A Brave and Honest Boy
C．A Meaningful Birthday D．A Wonderful World Flight
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．D
【难度】0.85
【知识点】记叙文、其他著名人物、旅行
【导语】本文主要讲述了17岁的麦克·拉瑟福德在2022年成为最年轻的环球飞行飞行员。8月24日，他安全地将飞机降落在保加利亚，结束了为期五个月的飞行之旅的事情。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“On August 24, he landed his airplane safely back in Bulgaria, ending a five-month trip on a plane.”可知，麦克在8月24日结束了他的旅行。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据第五段“But to Mack, the biggest problem came after a 10-hour flight crossing the Pacific Ocean from Japan. He had to land just as it was getting dark—on an island with no one else on it. He spent the night in the open air.”可知，对麦克来说：一个人在岛上过夜是最难的。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“When asked why he began his trip, Mack said he hoped his trip would show young people that they could make a difference. ‘You don’t need to be 18 to do something special. Just follow your dreams and they will finally come true,’ he said.”可知，麦克之所以开始他的旅行是为了鼓励年轻人追随自己的梦想。故选C。
4．标题归纳题。根据第一段“On August 24, he landed his airplane safely back in Bulgaria, ending a five-month trip on a plane.”以及通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了17岁的麦克·拉瑟福德在2022年成为最年轻的环球飞行飞行员。8月24日，他安全地将飞机降落在保加利亚，结束了为期五个月的飞行之旅。所以本文的最佳标题是“一次奇妙的环球飞行”。故选D。
C
Jane grew up in Chengdu. When she was really young and before she was old enough to go to school, her grandparents used to take her to the big park next to her house. Her grandparents took her there because her parents had to work for long hours. She used to play on the swings (秋千), walk around the lake or feed the duck. Jane remembers the ducks the most. She remembers how they would fight over the food.
Jane now lives in Beijing with her daughter, Millie. Today they went on a special trip together. Jane and Millie traveled by train from Beijing to Chengdu to see where Jane grew up. Millie was very excited to see where her mom used to live because she had heard so many great stories about it. After 24 hours on the train, they arrived in Chengdu and went to visit Jane’s old school. It was still on the same spot, but Jane told Millie how much bigger the playground had been, “They have built many more classrooms.”
After they visited her old school, they took a bus to the park that Jane love so much as a child. Jane became very confused (困惑的) when they got off the bus. She looked around at all the tall blocks of flats (公寓) and could not find the park.
Jane asked an old man nearby, “Where is the park that used to be here ”
“Oh, that park was replaced (代替) by these blocks years ago. There are so many people living in Chengdu now that they need more land for houses,” the man said. Jane and Millie became very sad. “What about the ducks ” Millie asked her mum, but Jane did not know what to say.
1．Why did Jane’s grandparents take her to the park
A．Because they liked to exercise. B．Because they liked to spend time with Jane.
C．Because her parents had no time. D．Because her parents asked them to.
2．What does Jane remember most about the park
A．How much fun she had with her grandparents.
B．How the ducks fought over the food.
C．Walking around the lake.
D．Playing on the spot.
3．What is different about Jane’s old school
A．It is bigger than she remembered.
B．It is in a different color.
C．Nothing has changed, and it is the same as before.
D．There are more classrooms.
4．Why is the park not there anymore
A．Because Jane has forgotten where the park is.
B．It was destroyed (破坏) by a storm.
C．Because the land is used to build flats.
D．Because the land is used to build shops.
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．C
【难度】0.85
【知识点】家乡变化、叙事忆旧、记叙文
【导语】本文主要讲了简从小在成都长大，那里给了她美好的记忆。许多年后简带着女儿回到成都，发现简的母校比原来建设得更好了，但是简儿时玩耍的公园却不见了，变成了居民区。
1．细节理解题。根据“Her grandparents took her there because her parents had to work for long hours.”可知，她的祖父母带她去公园，是因为她的父母工作很忙，没有时间。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据“Jane remembers the ducks the most. She remembers how they would fight over the food.”可知，简印象最深刻的事情是鸭子们如何争夺食物。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据“They have built many more classrooms.”可知，简的母校有了更多的教室。故选D。
4．细节理解题。根据“‘Oh, that park was replaced (代替) by these blocks years ago. There are so many people living in Chengdu now that they need more land for houses,’ the man said.”可知，公园不在了，是因为那块土地被用来建居民公寓了。故选C。
【提升试题】
A
Pinocchio had a fever. The Fairy took a glass of water with medicine and said lovingly to Pinocchio, “Drink this, and you will be up and well.”
Pinocchio looked at the glass worriedly and said, “I’d rather die than drink that awful medicine.”
At that moment the door of the room flew open and in came four Rabbits as black as ink, carrying a small black coffin (棺材) on their shoulders.
“What do you want ” asked Pinocchio.
“We have come for you,” said the largest Rabbit.
“Oh, Fairy, my Fairy,” the Pinocchio cried out. “Give me that glass! Quick, please! I don’t want to die!” And holding the glass with his two hands he swallowed (吞下) the medicine quickly. Then the rabbits had to leave.
After that, the Fairy added, “Pinocchio, tell me how you were in the hands of the robbers last time.”
“I had five gold pieces to give to my Father, but on the way I met two robbers. They tied my neck with a rope and hung me to a tree.” said Pinocchio.
“Where are the gold pieces now ” the Fairy asked.
“I lost them,” answered Pinocchio. As he spoke, his nose became at least two inches longer.
“And where did you lose them ”
“In the wood nearby.” At this second lie his nose grew a few more inches.
“If you lost them in the nearby wood,” said the Fairy, “we’ll look for them and find them.”
“Ah, now I remember,” replied Pinocchio, “I did not lose the gold pieces, but I swallowed them.”
At this third lie, his nose became longer than ever. The Fairy sat looking at him and laughing.
“Why do you laugh ” Pinocchio asked her, worried now at the sight of his growing nose.
“I am laughing at your lies.”
“How do you know I am lying ”
“Lies, my boy, are known in a moment. There are two kinds of lies, lies with short legs and lies with long noses. Yours, just now, happen to have long noses.”
(Adapted from The Adventures of Pinocchio)
1．How did the Fairy make Pinocchio drink medicine
A．By telling him with lovely words. B．By ordering him with no excuses.
C．By explaining the usage of the medicine. D．By showing four rabbits with a coffin.
2．Why did Pinocchio tell lies to the Fairy
A．Because he didn’t trust the Fairy. B．Because he didn’t want to lose the gold.
C．Because he was afraid of the robbers. D．Because he lost the gold pieces.
3．What’s the correct order according to the text
①Pinocchio’s nose grew longer. ②Pinocchio told lies to the Fairy.
③The Fairy laughed at Pinocchio’s nose. ④The Fairy asked Pinocchio about the robbers.
A．①②④③ B．②①③④ C．④②①③ D．④③①②
4．Which of the following words can best describe Pinocchio according to the text .
A．Impolite and friendly. B．Smart and kind.
C．Caring and understanding. D．Fearful and dishonest.
【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．D
【难度】0.65
【知识点】记叙文、寓言童话
【导语】本文是一篇改编自《木偶奇遇记》的记叙文，讲述了木偶匹诺曹生病不愿吃药，被扮成死神兔子的假象吓唬后乖乖吃药。之后，仙女询问他上次遇劫的经过，匹诺曹因说谎导致鼻子变长，最终被仙女识破并教育了一番。
1．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“At that moment the door of the room flew open and in came four Rabbits as black as ink, carrying a small black coffin (棺材) on their shoulders.”可知，仙女通过让四只兔子抬着一口棺材进来，使得皮诺曹喝了药。故选D。
2．推理判断题。根据“ ‘Where are the gold pieces now ’ the Fairy asked. ‘I lost them,’ answered Pinocchio. As he spoke, his nose became at least two inches longer.” “At this second lie his nose grew a few more inches.”以及“At this third lie, his nose became longer than ever.”可知，皮诺曹对仙女说谎是因为他不想失去金币。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据“After that, the Fairy added, ‘Pinocchio, tell me how you were in the hands of the robbers last time.’”可知，先是仙女询问皮诺曹关于强盗的事情；根据“ ‘Where are the gold pieces now ’ the Fairy asked. ‘I lost them,’ answered Pinocchio. As he spoke, his nose became at least two inches longer.” “At this second lie his nose grew a few more inches.”可知，然后皮诺曹对仙女说谎；根据“At this third lie, his nose became longer than ever.”以及“The Fairy sat looking at him and laughing.”可知，接着仙女嘲笑皮诺曹的鼻子；根据以上分析可知，正确的顺序是④②①③。故选C。
4．推理判断题。根据“Pinocchio looked at the glass worriedly and said, ‘I’d rather die than drink that awful medicine.’”可知，皮诺曹是害怕的；根据“ ‘Where are the gold pieces now ’ the Fairy asked. ‘I lost them,’ answered Pinocchio. As he spoke, his nose became at least two inches longer.” “At this second lie his nose grew a few more inches.”以及“At this third lie, his nose became longer than ever.”可知，皮诺曹是不诚实的。故选D。
B
According to a legend, during the time of Emperor Han Wudi of the Han Dynasty, a palace woman named Yuan Xiao was prevented from carrying out her filial duty of visiting her parents on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month. Distraught, she said she would kill herself by jumping into a well. In order to help Yuan Xiao fulfill her duty as a filial daughter, the scholar Dongfang Shuo came up with a scheme. He told Emperor Han Wudi that the Jade Emperor, the highest god in Heaven, had ordered the Fire God to burn down the capital city of Chang’an on the sixteenth day of the first lunar month. Anxious to find a way to save his city, the emperor asked Dongfang Shuo what he should do. Dongfang Shuo replied that the Fire God loved red lanterns more than anything. He advised that the streets be hung with red lanterns, and the emperor, empress, concubines, and court officials come out of the palace to see them. In this way, the Fire God would be distracted and disaster averted. The emperor followed Dongfang Shuo’s advice, and while everyone was out viewing the lanterns, Yuan Xiao was able to sneak out of the palace and be reunited with her parents.
1．When is the Lantern Festival in China
A．On October 1st. B．On May 4th.
C．On lunar January 15th. D．On lunar December 30th.
2．Why did Yuan Xiao want to kill herself
A．Because she was tired.
B．Because she was very poor.
C．Because she wanted to meet the god in Heaven.
D．Because she wanted to fulfill her filial duty of visiting her parents.
3．Did the emperor agree with Dongfang Shuo’s advice
A．No, he didn’t. B．Yes, he did. C．No, he doesn’t. D．Yes, he does.
4．Who came up with an idea to help Yuan Xiao
A．Dongfang Shuo. B．Her parents.
C．The highest the god in Heaven. D．The Emperor Han Wudi.
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A
【难度】0.65
【知识点】记叙文、中华文化、寓言童话
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲了元宵节的由来。
1．推理判断题。根据“According to a legend, during the time of Emperor Han Wudi of the Han Dynasty, a palace woman named Yuan Xiao was prevented from carrying out her filial duty of visiting her parents on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month. Distraught, she said she would kill herself by jumping into a well.”可知，文章提到这个传说发生在汉武帝时期，与正月十五相关，而在中国，正月十五就是元宵节。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据“a palace woman named Yuan Xiao was prevented from carrying out her filial duty of visiting her parents on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month. Distraught, she said she would kill herself by jumping into a well”可知，宫女元宵被阻止在正月十五履行看望父母的孝道，她非常沮丧说要跳井自杀，所以是因为想要履行看望父母的孝道才想自杀的。故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据“The emperor followed Dongfang Shuo’s advice”可知，皇帝遵循了东方朔的建议，也就是皇帝同意了他的建议，这里是一般过去时，故选B。
4．细节理解题。根据“In order to help Yuan Xiao fulfill her duty as a filial daughter, the scholar Dongfang Shuo came up with a scheme”可知，为了帮助元宵履行孝道，东方朔想出了一个计策，所以是东方朔想出办法来帮助元宵的，故选A。
C
根据短文内容，在A、B、C、D四个选项中选择一个正确答案。
Once upon a time, there was a king. He always worried about what might happen in the future. One day, the king noticed a cobbler (修鞋匠). Although he wore ragged (破旧的) clothes, he was very happy. How could he smile so brightly The king decided to find out.
The next day, the king dressed in rags and followed the cobbler home.
“Please, sir, can you give some food to me ” asked the king.
“Of course,” said the cobbler.
“Why are you so happy ”
“Today I made enough money by repairing shoes to buy the bread.”
“But what if you don’t make enough money for food tomorrow ”
“I have faith (信心). Everything will be fine.”
This touched the king. But he wondered what would happen if the cobbler couldn’t make enough money. So the next day, the king didn’t permit anyone to repair shoes. The cobbler was puzzled (困惑的), but he wasn’t down. When he saw some villagers trying to carry water home, he helped them and got coins from them.
That evening the king went to the cobbler’s house again. The cobbler was having soup and smiling.
“How could you pay for the food today ” asked the king.
“I made money by helping the villagers carry water.” said the cobbler.
“But what will you do tomorrow ”
“I have faith. Everything will be fine.”
“Your faith has driven away my fear about the future. Thank you.” said the king.
1．The king was unhappy because he ________ too much.
A．cared for his people B．loved his money
C．worried about his future D．missed his family
2．The king followed the cobbler home to find out ________.
A．what he ate B．why he was happy C．if he had bread D．how much he made
3．The underlined (划线的) word “permit” means “________”.
A．serve B．warn C．allow D．control
4．The cobbler got the money by ________ when nobody repaired shoes that day.
A．carrying sand B．selling water C．repairing shoes D．helping villagers
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．D
【难度】0.65
【知识点】记叙文、哲理感悟
【导语】本文讲述了一个故事，国王决定找出修鞋匠快乐的答案，通过故事告诉我们应该对自己有信心，相信明天一切都会好起来。
1．细节理解题。根据“Once upon a time, there was a king. He always worried about what might happen in the future.”可知，国王不高兴是因为他太担心自己的未来，故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据“How could he smile so brightly The king decided to find out.”可知，国王跟着修鞋匠是为了弄清他为何如此开心，故选B。
3．词句猜测题。根据划线词前的“But he wondered what would happen if the cobbler couldn’t make enough money”以及“So the next day, the king didn’t permit anyone to repair shoes.”可知，前一句提到了国王想知道如果修鞋匠赚不到足够的钱会发生什么，此处是指国王不允许任何人修鞋，因此“permit”意为“allow”，故选C。
4．细节理解题。根据“When he saw some villagers trying to carry water home, he helped them and got coins from them.”可知，那天修鞋匠通过帮助村民们挑水获得了报酬，故选D。
【拔高试题】
A
I often went fishing during the summer. Personally I am very fond of strawberries, but I have found that strangely, fish prefer worms. So when I went fishing, I didn’t put strawberries on the hook. Instead, I put a worm in front of the fish and said: “Wouldn’t you like some ”
Why not use the same common sense when fishing for people
Why talk about what we want That’s childish. Absurd. Of course you’re interested in what you want. You always are. But no one else is. The rest of us are just like you: we are interested in what we want.
So the only way on earth to influence people is ________.
Remember that tomorrow when you are trying to get somebody to do something. If, for example, you don’t want your children to smoke, don’t lecture at them. Don’t talk about what you want; but show them that cigarettes may keep them from joining the basketball team or winning the hundred-metre race.
Once I rented a ballroom of a New York hotel for a series of my lectures which would last for 20 nights. I was a regular customer of this hotel and had held quite a few lectures there. But just before that year’s lectures were about to begin, I was suddenly informed that I should have to pay almost three times as much rent as usual. I was shocked and didn’t want to pay the increase, but what’s the use of talking to the hotel about what I want
Two days later, I sent the hotel manager a letter. In the letter, I drew two columns (栏), one for “Advantages” and the other for “Disadvantages”. Under the “Advantages” column, I wrote: “You have your ballroom free to rent for dances and meetings. That’s big business. From things like that you will make more money than if I tie your ballroom up for 20 nights during this season.”
Under the “Disadvantages” column, I wrote: “First, instead of getting more money from me, I’m afraid you will earn nothing this time, because I can’t afford the rent you’re asking and I’m planning to hold my lectures at some other place. Second, as you know, my lectures attract groups of educated and cultured people to your hotel. For 20 nights! That’s good advertising for you, isn’t it. Of course you can pay $5000 advertising in the newspaper, but you’ll never bring as many people to look around in your hotel as I can by my lectures. That is worth a lot to you, right ”
And guess what, in the end, my rent increased only 50 percent, rather than 300 percent.
1．What does the underlined word “Absurd” in Paragraph 3 mean
A．silly B．careless C．clever D．selfish
2．Which of the following can be put in the blank in Paragraph 4
A．to talk about what they want, show them how to do it and make them want to do it
B．to find out what they want and help them get it
C．to talk about what you want and make them help you
D．to give them good reasons why you want to do something and get them on your side
3．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage
A．Smoking does harm to one’s physical (身体的) ability.
B．The writer sometimes talked to the fish when he was fishing.
C．Everyone is interested in his or her own benefits.
D．In the writer’s opinion, getting people to visit the hotel is a better way of advertising than making advertisements in newspaper.
4．What is probably the writer’s job
A．An actor. B．A professor. C．A painter. D．A fisherman.
【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．B
【难度】0.4
【知识点】记叙文、哲理感悟
【导语】本文主要讲只关注自己想要的是不行的，要在沟通中显示对方能得到什么。
1．词义猜测题。根据“Why talk about what we want That’s childish. Absurd. Of course you’re interested in what you want. You always are. But no one else is.”可知只关注自己想要的是幼稚的，自私的，但是没有人会关注你想要什么。故“Absurd”意思是“selfish自私的”。故选D。
2．推理判断题。根据“But no one else is. The rest of us are just like you: we are interested in what we want.So the only way on earth to influence people is...”可知没有人关注你要什么，大家都只是关注自己的需求，所以我们想要影响别人就是要谈论别人要什么；告诉他们怎么做并让他们想要这样做。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据“Instead, I put a worm in front of the fish and said: ‘Wouldn’t you like some ’”可知此处提到作者和鱼说话，但是并未说明作者有时候这样做。故选项B错误。故选B。
4．推理判断题。根据“as you know, my lectures attract groups of educated and cultured people to your hotel.”可知作者给受过教育的人和文化人开展讲座说明作者应是受过高等教育的，B选项中的“教授”符合题意。故选B。
B
At age seven, before she even started second grade, Neijae Graham-Henries became the world’s youngest female barber(理发师). Now ten years old, Neijae volunteers to give free haircuts to kids going back to school and to people in need. We asked her about it.
What sparked (点燃) your interest in becoming a barber
My brother had signed up to take a six-week introductory (入门的) course. But after the orientation, he said he was not interested. I told Mom that since my brother didn’t want to attend, I would. Finally, I was the only girl in the course.
What do you do at the barbershop where you took the course
I’ve volunteered at the owner’s events in the city to cut hair for people who have no homes or jobs. I’ve also given free back-to-school haircuts. And I practice under the watchful eye of licensed barbers.
__________
Happy! It gives me a chance to help others look their best. A haircut can change someone’s appearance. When a person sits in my chair, they’re going to look their very best because I’m very detailed(细致的). Right now, I prefer cutting kids’ hair. When doing community service, I give haircuts to both kids and adults.
What advice would you give kids about pursuing(追求) a new interest
It’s important to believe that you can do anything if you put the effort in the work. We all have a purpose to achieve during life. Don’t be afraid to go for it! I had no idea about barbering but wanted to give it a try, and I am so glad that I did.
1．What can we know about Neijae
A．She is seven years old now. B．People should pay for her haircut.
C．She was the only girl in the course. D．Homeless people can’t get her haircut.
2．Which may be the best question for “_______”
A．Where do you give free haircut
B．What do you say to your customers
C．When do you do community service
D．How do you feel as you cut people’s hair
3．How could kids start a new interest according to Neijae
A．Volunteer at shops and communities. B．Start an interest as early as possible.
C．Believe themselves and make an effort. D．Try barbering if they don’t know about it.
4．The passage may be a(n) _______.
A．interview B．speech C．book report D．fairy tale
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．A
【难度】0.4
【知识点】哲理感悟、记叙文
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了内贾 格雷厄姆-亨利斯是怎样成为世界上最年轻的女理发师的。她告诉我们只要你相信自己并付出努力，你就能做到任何事情。
1．细节理解题。根据“Finally, I was the only girl in the course.”可知，她是课程里唯一的女生。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据“Happy!”可知，此处是问她剪别人头发的时候有什么感觉？故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据“It’s important to believe that you can do anything if you put the effort in the work.”可知，只要你相信自己并付出努力，你就能开始一种新的兴趣。故选C。
4．推理判断题。根据文章内容和语境，可以推断，这是一个采访。故选A。
C
Congratulations to the CNSA (中国国家航空局) on the success in sending three “ taikonauts” on the Shenzhou 12 mission (任务) into space. On June 17th, 2021, both the ESA (欧洲航天局) and Roscosmos (俄罗斯联邦航天局) used the word “taikonauts” to congratulate China.
With the Greek (希腊) word “naut” , which means sailor (水手), and “taiko” , the Chinese word for space, the word “ taikonaut” is specifically used for Chinese astronauts.
But “taikonauts” is more than just a word. Its history shows that of China’s space journey. Started in 1992, the manned spacecraft engineering (载人航天工程) of China was far behind the USA and Russia in the beginning. Six years later, the word “taikonaut” was created by a Chinese Malaysian, who used it first on the Internet. However, few people noticed it, as China was still rather weak at that time.
When China sent Yang Liwei, the first taikonaut into space on the Shenzhou 5 in 2003, the word became widely known. In his speech at Peking University, Yang told stories about it and shared how much is required of the taikonauts to prepare them for their missions.
In 1998, China made the first team of trained taikonauts. And now there are 34 taikonauts in total. They are all chosen from top pilots, engineers and scientists, and they must pass a lot of difficult tests before becoming a real taikonaut.
Behind these taikonauts are thousands of other workers who do their jobs to get the taikonauts into space and make sure of their safe return. The great efforts of everyone in this project has made “ taikonauts” from just a word on the paper into the reality, and all of them should share the honor of the taikonauts’ tasks. The meanings of the word will be further developed, and we hope more taikonauts will appear.
1．The word “taikonauts” was first used ________.
A．in 1992 B．in 1998 C．in 2003 D．in 2021
2．From the passage we can infer that ________.
A．difficult tests must be taken before becoming a real taikonaut
B．China has grown enough to lead the world in space science
C．China’s success in space science mostly depends on taikonauts
D．China is believed to make greater achievements in space
3．The word “taikonauts” has been more accepted since 2003 because ________.
A．it shows China’s history in space science
B．34 pilots have passed the test and become real taikonauts
C．people use it to congratulate China on the new achievement
D．China has successfully organized manned spacecraft engineering
4．Which of the following shows the correct order
a. China started training taikonauts.
b. China successfully sent a taikonaut into space:
c. China started manned spacecraft engineering,.
d. ESA and Roscosmos used “taikonauts” to congratulate China.
c. The USA and Russia got success in manned spacecraft engineering.
A．c-a-d-e-b B．e-c-a-b-d C．c-d-a-b-e D．e-b-a-d-c
【答案】1．B 2．D 3．D 4．B
【难度】0.4
【知识点】科普知识、记叙文、航天与航空
【导语】本文介绍了“taikonaut”一词的来历，它的历史证明了中国太空旅行的重要性。
1．推理判断题。根据“Started in 1992, the manned spacecraft engineering (载人航天工程) of China was far behind the USA and Russia in the beginning. Six years later, the word ‘taikonaut’ was created by a Chinese Malaysian, who used it first on the Internet.”可推知，“taikonauts”第一次被使用是在1998年。故选B。
2．推理判断题。根据“ The great efforts of everyone in this project has made “ taikonauts” from just a word on the paper into the reality, and all of them should share the honor of the taikonauts’ tasks.The meanings of the word will be further developed, and we hope more taikonauts will appear.”可推知，人们相信中国将在太空领域取得更大的成就。故选D。
3．推理判断题。根据“When China sent Yang Liwei, the first taikonaut into space on the Shenzhou 5 in 2003, the word became widely known. In his speech at Peking University, Yang told stories about it and shared how much is required of the taikonauts to prepare them for their missions.”可知，自2003年以来，“taikonauts”这个词越来越被接受，因为中国成功组织了载人飞船工程。故选D。
4．细节理解题。根据短文内容，先介绍美国和俄罗斯在载人航天工程方面取得了成功e，接着说中国启动载人航天工程c，开始训练宇航员a，然后介绍中国成功地将一名宇航员送入太空b，欧洲航天局和俄罗斯联邦航天局用“taikonaut”向中国表示祝贺d；可知e-c-a-b-d是正确顺序。故选B。阅读理解之记叙文
备战2025年中考英语新课标（核心素养）二轮复习之优秀生拔高重难题型特训
【预测分析】
一、重难点分析
1. 情节与逻辑梳理
- 复杂事件发展：
- 叙事可能包含多时间线（如回忆与现实交替）或次要情节干扰（如插叙）。
- 干扰项常利用“时间顺序混淆”或“因果倒置”设置陷阱（如将结果误认为原因）。
- 隐含情感与人物动机：
- 需通过动作描写、对话或环境渲染推断人物心理（如“clenched fists”暗示愤怒）。
2. 细节定位与推理判断
- 关键细节遗漏：
- 时间、地点、人物关系等细节易被次要信息掩盖（如混淆“uncle”和“father”）。
- 推理判断题：
- 需结合上下文推测隐含意义（如“rain poured outside”暗示故事氛围压抑）。
- 文化背景干扰：
- 西方节日习俗（如圣诞节送礼习惯）与中国文化差异可能导致误解。
3. 主旨与主题归纳
-抽象主题理解：
-如“成长的代价”“传统与现代的冲突”需结合全文细节提炼。
-标题选择陷阱：
- 干扰项可能仅概括局部情节（如“a rainy day”）而非核心主题。
4. 南京本土元素结合
- 本地故事背景：
-可能涉及南京地标（如中山陵、玄武湖）或文化事件（如秦淮灯会）。
-历史与现代融合：
- 如明城墙保护与青年志愿者活动的结合。
二、解题步骤（四步精准法）
1.速读全文，把握主线与情感基调
- 跳读首段、末段及每段首句，明确故事主题（如“友谊”“环保行动”）。
- 标记情感词（如“excited”“frustrated”）和转折点（如“suddenly”“however”）。
例：> “Lily failed the piano exam three times, but she kept practicing until...” → **主题为“坚持与成功”。
2. 细读题干，定位关键细节
-人物类：锁定对话、动作或心理描写（如“Mom said gently, ‘You need rest.’”）。
-事件类：关注时间状语（“One rainy afternoon”）和因果关联词（“so...that”）。
-推理类：寻找隐含线索（如“her hands trembled”暗示紧张）。
3.逻辑推理，排除干扰选项
-偷换概念：
-原文说“Lily practiced every night”，选项改为“she hated piano”→错误。
-过度推断：
-原文仅描述“he closed the window”，选项推断“he was angry”→无依据。
-局部与整体混淆：
- 干扰项仅复述次要情节（如“met a friend”）而非主旨。
4. 回读验证，确保逻辑一致
- 代入答案后检查是否符合人物行为逻辑（如“generous”需对应“shared toys with others”）。
- 关注结尾升华句（如“True friendship lasts forever”）以确认主题。
三、预测分析
1. 高频主题预测
-成长故事：
- 克服困难（如学骑自行车、准备比赛）、家庭矛盾与和解。
-传统文化传承：
- 非遗技艺学习（如云锦编织）、南京民俗（如秦淮灯会筹备）。
- 社会热点：
- 环保行动（如垃圾分类志愿者）、科技与生活（如AI助老）。
2. 核心考点预测
-细节定位：
-时间（“after dinner”）、地点（“under the ancient tree”）、人物关系（“cousin” vs. “neighbor”）。
-推理判断：
-人物动机（“He lied to protect his sister”）、情感变化（“from sad to hopeful”）。
-主旨归纳：
-标题选择（如“The Day I Found My Voice”对应“自信成长”主题）。
-词义猜测：
-结合语境猜词（如“relentless”在“practiced relentlessly”中意为“坚持不懈”）。
3. 南京特色结合
-本土故事：
- 明孝陵的守护者故事、长江江豚保护行动、夫子庙志愿者经历。
-文化词汇：
- 如“ancient town preservation”“Nanjing salted duck”相关表达。
4. 易错陷阱预测
-情感误判：
-人物表面行为与真实情感矛盾（如“laughed loudly”实则掩饰悲伤）。
-时间线混淆：
-倒叙或插叙导致事件顺序误判（如“Finally”实际指中间情节）。
四、备考建议
1. 强化叙事结构分析：
-用流程图梳理时间线、人物关系及事件因果链。
2. 情感与细节敏感度训练：
-标记文本中的情感词、动作描写及环境渲染，训练推理能力。
3. 限时实战与错题归类：
-每篇记叙文控制在8-10分钟，按错误类型（细节遗漏、推理偏差）总结。
4.积累本土素材：
- 阅读南京英文版旅游指南或新闻，熟悉本地文化词汇与故事背景。
五、总结
南京中考记叙文阅读注重“情节梳理、情感推理与主题升华”。备考时需：
-掌握叙事逻辑（时间线、转折点、情感变化）；
-强化细节定位与推理能力；
-关注南京本土文化元素。
通过针对性训练和策略应用，考生可高效突破记叙文阅读，提升得分率！
【基础试题】
A
It’s easy to know if the plate I’m washing is my grandfather’s—it will have no food left. My younger brother is the opposite—there’s always food left over. The feel of warm water and the dish soap on dinner plates always comfort me a lot at the end of a busy day.
About a year ago, our family dishwasher broke. My dad had just left for a work trip, so I offered to do the dishes by hand to help my busy mum.
At first, doing the dishes greatly annoyed me. I was in a rush to get them done because there was endless work waiting for me to do. However, slowly, the task of washing off food leftovers soon led to a transformation in me. So even when we did finally buy a new dishwasher, I still kept washing the dishes by hand after dinner.
I always start with the dinner plates. I have learned to turn them over and wash the bottom. Then I move to any bowls that have been used. After the bowls, I turn to the dishes used to cook.
Standing in the same place every day, washing the dishes by hand has been more calming and meaningful than I could have ever imagined. For about 15 minutes every day, I can slow down and forget everything in the world as my mind, eyes and hands focus on (专注于) a simple task that would always result in success. Now I’m able to get myself out of all my worries and put myself more wholeheartedly into enjoying the simple task.
1．Why did the writer do the dishes at the beginning
A．Because he had a hard life.
B．Because the dishwasher broke.
C．Because his father asked him to do it.
D．Because he didn’t like doing other work.
2．What do the underlined words “a transformation” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A．An accident. B．A problem.
C．A change. D．An agreement.
3．What is the correct order of the following events
①I enjoyed doing the dishes. ②We got a new dishwasher.
③I did the dishes in a hurry. ④I decided to help my mom.
A．④③②① B．④②③① C．①④②③ D．①②④③
4．What’s the writer’s purpose of writing the passage
A．To tell why he loves his family.
B．To show how he can wash the dishes.
C．To show when he washes dishes by hand.
D．To tell what he’s learnt from washing the dishes.
B
17-year-old Mack Rutherford became the youngest pilot (飞行员) to fly around the world in 2022. On August 24, he landed his airplane safely back in Bulgaria, ending a five-month trip on a plane.
Mack’s trip began in Bulgaria on March 23. He was 16 at the time, and celebrated his birthday on June 21 during his trip. He flew in a small, two-seater airplane and travelled over Europe, Africa, Asia, and North America. He visited 30 countries in all.
At first, Mack expected his trip to take two to three months, but he had to change his ideas from time to time. In some places, he had to wait long for getting permissions (许可证) to fly.
Some other problems also brought changes to his flight (飞行) plan, such as terrible weather. Once he had to fly through heavy rain in India, and ended up with water in his gas tanks.
But to Mack, the biggest problem came after a 10-hour flight crossing the Pacific Ocean from Japan. He had to land just as it was getting dark—on an island with no one else on it. He spent the night in the open air.
Mack had a lot of difficult times, but he still described the trip as “wonderful”. Now Mack has set the record for the youngest person to fly around the world alone, beating 18-year-old English pilot, Travis Ludlow, who set the record on September 1, 2021.
When asked why he began his trip, Mack said he hoped his trip would show young people that they could make a difference. “You don’t need to be 18 to do something special. Just follow your dreams and they will finally come true,” he said.
1．When did Mack finish his trip
A．On March 23. B．On June 21. C．On August 24. D．On September 1.
2．Which part was the most difficult for Mack
A．Changing his flight plan. B．A night on an island alone.
C．Terrible weather conditions. D．Getting permissions to fly.
3．Why did Mack begin his trip
A．To do some scientific research on the weather.
B．To show the use of the plane for personal flight.
C．To encourage the young to follow their dreams.
D．To be the youngest pilot to fly around the world.
4．What is the best title for the text
A．A Dream Airplane B．A Brave and Honest Boy
C．A Meaningful Birthday D．A Wonderful World Flight
C
Jane grew up in Chengdu. When she was really young and before she was old enough to go to school, her grandparents used to take her to the big park next to her house. Her grandparents took her there because her parents had to work for long hours. She used to play on the swings (秋千), walk around the lake or feed the duck. Jane remembers the ducks the most. She remembers how they would fight over the food.
Jane now lives in Beijing with her daughter, Millie. Today they went on a special trip together. Jane and Millie traveled by train from Beijing to Chengdu to see where Jane grew up. Millie was very excited to see where her mom used to live because she had heard so many great stories about it. After 24 hours on the train, they arrived in Chengdu and went to visit Jane’s old school. It was still on the same spot, but Jane told Millie how much bigger the playground had been, “They have built many more classrooms.”
After they visited her old school, they took a bus to the park that Jane love so much as a child. Jane became very confused (困惑的) when they got off the bus. She looked around at all the tall blocks of flats (公寓) and could not find the park.
Jane asked an old man nearby, “Where is the park that used to be here ”
“Oh, that park was replaced (代替) by these blocks years ago. There are so many people living in Chengdu now that they need more land for houses,” the man said. Jane and Millie became very sad. “What about the ducks ” Millie asked her mum, but Jane did not know what to say.
1．Why did Jane’s grandparents take her to the park
A．Because they liked to exercise. B．Because they liked to spend time with Jane.
C．Because her parents had no time. D．Because her parents asked them to.
2．What does Jane remember most about the park
A．How much fun she had with her grandparents.
B．How the ducks fought over the food.
C．Walking around the lake.
D．Playing on the spot.
3．What is different about Jane’s old school
A．It is bigger than she remembered.
B．It is in a different color.
C．Nothing has changed, and it is the same as before.
D．There are more classrooms.
4．Why is the park not there anymore
A．Because Jane has forgotten where the park is.
B．It was destroyed (破坏) by a storm.
C．Because the land is used to build flats.
D．Because the land is used to build shops.
【提升试题】
A
Pinocchio had a fever. The Fairy took a glass of water with medicine and said lovingly to Pinocchio, “Drink this, and you will be up and well.”
Pinocchio looked at the glass worriedly and said, “I’d rather die than drink that awful medicine.”
At that moment the door of the room flew open and in came four Rabbits as black as ink, carrying a small black coffin (棺材) on their shoulders.
“What do you want ” asked Pinocchio.
“We have come for you,” said the largest Rabbit.
“Oh, Fairy, my Fairy,” the Pinocchio cried out. “Give me that glass! Quick, please! I don’t want to die!” And holding the glass with his two hands he swallowed (吞下) the medicine quickly. Then the rabbits had to leave.
After that, the Fairy added, “Pinocchio, tell me how you were in the hands of the robbers last time.”
“I had five gold pieces to give to my Father, but on the way I met two robbers. They tied my neck with a rope and hung me to a tree.” said Pinocchio.
“Where are the gold pieces now ” the Fairy asked.
“I lost them,” answered Pinocchio. As he spoke, his nose became at least two inches longer.
“And where did you lose them ”
“In the wood nearby.” At this second lie his nose grew a few more inches.
“If you lost them in the nearby wood,” said the Fairy, “we’ll look for them and find them.”
“Ah, now I remember,” replied Pinocchio, “I did not lose the gold pieces, but I swallowed them.”
At this third lie, his nose became longer than ever. The Fairy sat looking at him and laughing.
“Why do you laugh ” Pinocchio asked her, worried now at the sight of his growing nose.
“I am laughing at your lies.”
“How do you know I am lying ”
“Lies, my boy, are known in a moment. There are two kinds of lies, lies with short legs and lies with long noses. Yours, just now, happen to have long noses.”
(Adapted from The Adventures of Pinocchio)
1．How did the Fairy make Pinocchio drink medicine
A．By telling him with lovely words. B．By ordering him with no excuses.
C．By explaining the usage of the medicine. D．By showing four rabbits with a coffin.
2．Why did Pinocchio tell lies to the Fairy
A．Because he didn’t trust the Fairy. B．Because he didn’t want to lose the gold.
C．Because he was afraid of the robbers. D．Because he lost the gold pieces.
3．What’s the correct order according to the text
①Pinocchio’s nose grew longer. ②Pinocchio told lies to the Fairy.
③The Fairy laughed at Pinocchio’s nose. ④The Fairy asked Pinocchio about the robbers.
A．①②④③ B．②①③④ C．④②①③ D．④③①②
4．Which of the following words can best describe Pinocchio according to the text .
A．Impolite and friendly. B．Smart and kind.
C．Caring and understanding. D．Fearful and dishonest.
B
According to a legend, during the time of Emperor Han Wudi of the Han Dynasty, a palace woman named Yuan Xiao was prevented from carrying out her filial duty of visiting her parents on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month. Distraught, she said she would kill herself by jumping into a well. In order to help Yuan Xiao fulfill her duty as a filial daughter, the scholar Dongfang Shuo came up with a scheme. He told Emperor Han Wudi that the Jade Emperor, the highest god in Heaven, had ordered the Fire God to burn down the capital city of Chang’an on the sixteenth day of the first lunar month. Anxious to find a way to save his city, the emperor asked Dongfang Shuo what he should do. Dongfang Shuo replied that the Fire God loved red lanterns more than anything. He advised that the streets be hung with red lanterns, and the emperor, empress, concubines, and court officials come out of the palace to see them. In this way, the Fire God would be distracted and disaster averted. The emperor followed Dongfang Shuo’s advice, and while everyone was out viewing the lanterns, Yuan Xiao was able to sneak out of the palace and be reunited with her parents.
1．When is the Lantern Festival in China
A．On October 1st. B．On May 4th.
C．On lunar January 15th. D．On lunar December 30th.
2．Why did Yuan Xiao want to kill herself
A．Because she was tired.
B．Because she was very poor.
C．Because she wanted to meet the god in Heaven.
D．Because she wanted to fulfill her filial duty of visiting her parents.
3．Did the emperor agree with Dongfang Shuo’s advice
A．No, he didn’t. B．Yes, he did. C．No, he doesn’t. D．Yes, he does.
4．Who came up with an idea to help Yuan Xiao
A．Dongfang Shuo. B．Her parents.
C．The highest the god in Heaven. D．The Emperor Han Wudi.
C
根据短文内容，在A、B、C、D四个选项中选择一个正确答案。
Once upon a time, there was a king. He always worried about what might happen in the future. One day, the king noticed a cobbler (修鞋匠). Although he wore ragged (破旧的) clothes, he was very happy. How could he smile so brightly The king decided to find out.
The next day, the king dressed in rags and followed the cobbler home.
“Please, sir, can you give some food to me ” asked the king.
“Of course,” said the cobbler.
“Why are you so happy ”
“Today I made enough money by repairing shoes to buy the bread.”
“But what if you don’t make enough money for food tomorrow ”
“I have faith (信心). Everything will be fine.”
This touched the king. But he wondered what would happen if the cobbler couldn’t make enough money. So the next day, the king didn’t permit anyone to repair shoes. The cobbler was puzzled (困惑的), but he wasn’t down. When he saw some villagers trying to carry water home, he helped them and got coins from them.
That evening the king went to the cobbler’s house again. The cobbler was having soup and smiling.
“How could you pay for the food today ” asked the king.
“I made money by helping the villagers carry water.” said the cobbler.
“But what will you do tomorrow ”
“I have faith. Everything will be fine.”
“Your faith has driven away my fear about the future. Thank you.” said the king.
1．The king was unhappy because he ________ too much.
A．cared for his people B．loved his money
C．worried about his future D．missed his family
2．The king followed the cobbler home to find out ________.
A．what he ate B．why he was happy C．if he had bread D．how much he made
3．The underlined (划线的) word “permit” means “________”.
A．serve B．warn C．allow D．control
4．The cobbler got the money by ________ when nobody repaired shoes that day.
A．carrying sand B．selling water C．repairing shoes D．helping villagers
【拔高试题】
A
I often went fishing during the summer. Personally I am very fond of strawberries, but I have found that strangely, fish prefer worms. So when I went fishing, I didn’t put strawberries on the hook. Instead, I put a worm in front of the fish and said: “Wouldn’t you like some ”
Why not use the same common sense when fishing for people
Why talk about what we want That’s childish. Absurd. Of course you’re interested in what you want. You always are. But no one else is. The rest of us are just like you: we are interested in what we want.
So the only way on earth to influence people is ________.
Remember that tomorrow when you are trying to get somebody to do something. If, for example, you don’t want your children to smoke, don’t lecture at them. Don’t talk about what you want; but show them that cigarettes may keep them from joining the basketball team or winning the hundred-metre race.
Once I rented a ballroom of a New York hotel for a series of my lectures which would last for 20 nights. I was a regular customer of this hotel and had held quite a few lectures there. But just before that year’s lectures were about to begin, I was suddenly informed that I should have to pay almost three times as much rent as usual. I was shocked and didn’t want to pay the increase, but what’s the use of talking to the hotel about what I want
Two days later, I sent the hotel manager a letter. In the letter, I drew two columns (栏), one for “Advantages” and the other for “Disadvantages”. Under the “Advantages” column, I wrote: “You have your ballroom free to rent for dances and meetings. That’s big business. From things like that you will make more money than if I tie your ballroom up for 20 nights during this season.”
Under the “Disadvantages” column, I wrote: “First, instead of getting more money from me, I’m afraid you will earn nothing this time, because I can’t afford the rent you’re asking and I’m planning to hold my lectures at some other place. Second, as you know, my lectures attract groups of educated and cultured people to your hotel. For 20 nights! That’s good advertising for you, isn’t it. Of course you can pay $5000 advertising in the newspaper, but you’ll never bring as many people to look around in your hotel as I can by my lectures. That is worth a lot to you, right ”
And guess what, in the end, my rent increased only 50 percent, rather than 300 percent.
1．What does the underlined word “Absurd” in Paragraph 3 mean
A．silly B．careless C．clever D．selfish
2．Which of the following can be put in the blank in Paragraph 4
A．to talk about what they want, show them how to do it and make them want to do it
B．to find out what they want and help them get it
C．to talk about what you want and make them help you
D．to give them good reasons why you want to do something and get them on your side
3．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage
A．Smoking does harm to one’s physical (身体的) ability.
B．The writer sometimes talked to the fish when he was fishing.
C．Everyone is interested in his or her own benefits.
D．In the writer’s opinion, getting people to visit the hotel is a better way of advertising than making advertisements in newspaper.
4．What is probably the writer’s job
A．An actor. B．A professor. C．A painter. D．A fisherman.
B
At age seven, before she even started second grade, Neijae Graham-Henries became the world’s youngest female barber(理发师). Now ten years old, Neijae volunteers to give free haircuts to kids going back to school and to people in need. We asked her about it.
What sparked (点燃) your interest in becoming a barber
My brother had signed up to take a six-week introductory (入门的) course. But after the orientation, he said he was not interested. I told Mom that since my brother didn’t want to attend, I would. Finally, I was the only girl in the course.
What do you do at the barbershop where you took the course
I’ve volunteered at the owner’s events in the city to cut hair for people who have no homes or jobs. I’ve also given free back-to-school haircuts. And I practice under the watchful eye of licensed barbers.
__________
Happy! It gives me a chance to help others look their best. A haircut can change someone’s appearance. When a person sits in my chair, they’re going to look their very best because I’m very detailed(细致的). Right now, I prefer cutting kids’ hair. When doing community service, I give haircuts to both kids and adults.
What advice would you give kids about pursuing(追求) a new interest
It’s important to believe that you can do anything if you put the effort in the work. We all have a purpose to achieve during life. Don’t be afraid to go for it! I had no idea about barbering but wanted to give it a try, and I am so glad that I did.
1．What can we know about Neijae
A．She is seven years old now. B．People should pay for her haircut.
C．She was the only girl in the course. D．Homeless people can’t get her haircut.
2．Which may be the best question for “_______”
A．Where do you give free haircut
B．What do you say to your customers
C．When do you do community service
D．How do you feel as you cut people’s hair
3．How could kids start a new interest according to Neijae
A．Volunteer at shops and communities. B．Start an interest as early as possible.
C．Believe themselves and make an effort. D．Try barbering if they don’t know about it.
4．The passage may be a(n) _______.
A．interview B．speech C．book report D．fairy tale
C
Congratulations to the CNSA (中国国家航空局) on the success in sending three “ taikonauts” on the Shenzhou 12 mission (任务) into space. On June 17th, 2021, both the ESA (欧洲航天局) and Roscosmos (俄罗斯联邦航天局) used the word “taikonauts” to congratulate China.
With the Greek (希腊) word “naut” , which means sailor (水手), and “taiko” , the Chinese word for space, the word “ taikonaut” is specifically used for Chinese astronauts.
But “taikonauts” is more than just a word. Its history shows that of China’s space journey. Started in 1992, the manned spacecraft engineering (载人航天工程) of China was far behind the USA and Russia in the beginning. Six years later, the word “taikonaut” was created by a Chinese Malaysian, who used it first on the Internet. However, few people noticed it, as China was still rather weak at that time.
When China sent Yang Liwei, the first taikonaut into space on the Shenzhou 5 in 2003, the word became widely known. In his speech at Peking University, Yang told stories about it and shared how much is required of the taikonauts to prepare them for their missions.
In 1998, China made the first team of trained taikonauts. And now there are 34 taikonauts in total. They are all chosen from top pilots, engineers and scientists, and they must pass a lot of difficult tests before becoming a real taikonaut.
Behind these taikonauts are thousands of other workers who do their jobs to get the taikonauts into space and make sure of their safe return. The great efforts of everyone in this project has made “ taikonauts” from just a word on the paper into the reality, and all of them should share the honor of the taikonauts’ tasks. The meanings of the word will be further developed, and we hope more taikonauts will appear.
1．The word “taikonauts” was first used ________.
A．in 1992 B．in 1998 C．in 2003 D．in 2021
2．From the passage we can infer that ________.
A．difficult tests must be taken before becoming a real taikonaut
B．China has grown enough to lead the world in space science
C．China’s success in space science mostly depends on taikonauts
D．China is believed to make greater achievements in space
3．The word “taikonauts” has been more accepted since 2003 because ________.
A．it shows China’s history in space science
B．34 pilots have passed the test and become real taikonauts
C．people use it to congratulate China on the new achievement
D．China has successfully organized manned spacecraft engineering
4．Which of the following shows the correct order
a. China started training taikonauts.
b. China successfully sent a taikonaut into space:
c. China started manned spacecraft engineering,.
d. ESA and Roscosmos used “taikonauts” to congratulate China.
c. The USA and Russia got success in manned spacecraft engineering.
A．c-a-d-e-b B．e-c-a-b-d C．c-d-a-b-e D．e-b-a-d-c
