语法填空真题（北京卷）
2024年北京卷真题
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Slowing down can contribute significantly to personal growth. Taking the time ___11___ (rest) allows us to develop a deeper sense of ___12___ (self-aware). When we slow down, we create space to reflect on our thoughts and emotions, which helps us identify important areas of our lives and ___13___ (give) us the opportunity to make right choices. To practise this, we need to establish clear ___14___ (boundary) in our personal and professional life.
【答案】11. to rest 12. self-awareness 13. gives 14. boundaries
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了慢下来对个人成长的重要意义。
【11题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：花时间休息可以让我们发展出更深层次的自我意识。take (the) time to do sth.为固定搭配，表示“花时间做某事”，所以空处应用动词不定式形式。故填to rest。
【12题详解】
考查名词。句意：花时间休息可以让我们发展出更深层次的自我意识。空处作介词of的宾语，应用名词self-awareness，sense of self-awareness表示“自我意识”。故填self-awareness。
【13题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：当我们放慢脚步时，我们会创造空间来反思我们的想法和情绪，这有助于我们确定生活中的重要领域，并给我们做出正确选择的机会。which引导的非限制性定语从句中，根据helps可知，从句使用一般现在时，which指代前边的整个句子，所以从句谓语应用第三人称单数形式gives，gives与helps并列，作并列谓语。故填gives。
【14题详解】
考场名词的数。句意：为了实践这一点，我们需要在个人和职业生活中建立明确的界限。句中boundary是可数名词，表示“界限”，根据空后in our personal and professional life可知，此处表示不止一个界限，名词应用复数形式boundaries。故填boundaries。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
On April 5 2024, John Tinniswood ___15___ (name) the world’s oldest living man. And when ___16___ (ask) about his new title, he shared the secret: moderation (适度). Tinniswood, ___17___ doesn’t smoke and rarely drinks, credited moderation for helping him stay healthy during his long life. “If you eat too much or do too much of anything, you’re going to suffer eventually,” he said.
【答案】15. was named 16. asked 17. who
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了世界上最长寿的人John Tinniswood及其长寿秘诀。
【15题详解】
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：2024年4月5日，约翰·廷尼斯伍德被评为世界上在世最长寿的人。根据时间状语On April 5, 2024可知，此处描述过去发生的事，句子应用一般过去时；name与主语John Tinniswood之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语John Tinniswood是单数，be动词使用was。故填was named。
【16题详解】
考查状语从句的省略。句意：当被问及他的新头衔时，他分享了秘诀：适度。结合语意，when引导的时间状语从句中，主语为he，且ask与he之间是被动关系，应用被动语态be asked，状语从句中，从句主语与主句主语一致，且从句中含有be动词形式，则从句中的“主语+be动词”可以省略。故填asked。
【17题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：Tinniswood不吸烟，也很少喝酒，他认为适量饮酒有助于他在长寿期间保持健康。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Tinniswood，先行词指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导从句。故填who。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
One day, I saw a boy walking along George Street with an armful of books. I thought ___18___ myself, “Why would he carry all his books ” Just then, some kids ran at him, ___19___ (knock) his books out of his arms. His glasses went flying and landed in the grass. My heart went out to him, and I ___20___ (jog) over to him. As I handed him the glasses, he looked at me and said, “Thanks!”
【答案】18. to 19. knocking 20. jogged
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者为一个掉落东西的男孩提供帮助的故事。
【18题详解】
考查介词。句意：我心想，“他为什么要把所有的书都拿着？”think to oneself为固定搭配，表示“心想，暗想”，符合语境。故填to。
【19题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：就在这时，一些孩子朝他跑来，把他的书从他怀里撞了出来。句中已有谓语ran，空处作非谓语动词，knock与逻辑主语some kids之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式knocking作状语。故填knocking。
【20题详解】
考查时态。句意：我很同情他，然后朝他慢跑过去。句中and连接并列句，空处作后句谓语，根据句中went可知，此处描述过去发生的事，句子使用一般过去时，动词使用过去式形式jogged。故填jogged。
2023年北京卷
A
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Every culture is riddled with unwritten rules, such as ones on punctuality (守时). I’m British. Soon after moving to Switzerland, I ____11____(throw) a house-warming party and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up ____12____(exact) on time. Years later, having moved to France. I turned up at the appointed hour for a dinner, only to find that no other guest____13____(arrive) and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit.
【答案】11. would throw 12. exactly 13. had arrived
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者在瑞士和法国体验到的不同的守时习俗。
【11题详解】
考查时态。句意：搬到瑞士后不久，我要举办一个乔迁派对，当所有30位客人都准时出现时，我感到非常惊讶。表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作或呈现的状态应用过去将来时。故填would throw。
【12题详解】
考查副词。句意：搬到瑞士后不久，我要举办一个乔迁派对，当所有30位客人都准时出现时，我感到非常惊讶。修饰介词短语on time应用副词exactly，故填exactly。
【13题详解】
考查时态。句意：多年以后，搬到法国后，我在约定的时间赴宴，却发现没有其他客人到场，女主人还穿着睡衣。从句中表示“过去的过去”应用过去完成时。故填had arrived。
B
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Mangroves, known as “red forest” in China, grow between land and sea, characterised by their complex roots. When ____14____(see) from afar, the mangrove forests appear more splendid.
Mangroves can help soften waves and protect ____15____(city) from coastal winds. For these reasons, they are praised as “coastal guardians”. Up to now, China ____16____(establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves.
【答案】14. seen 15. cities 16. has established
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。红树林，生长在陆地和海洋之间，有助于软化海浪，保护城市免受沿海风的侵袭，到目前为止，中国已建立了一批红树林保护区。
【14题详解】
考查状语从句的省略。句意：从远处看，红树林显得更加壮观。逗号前面是when引导的状语从句的省略，当状语从句和主句主语是同一主语时，且从句含有be动词，从句可以省略主语和be动词。在从句中，主语为the mangrove forests，和动词see是被动关系，从句应用一般现在时的被动语态，完整形式为when they are seen from afar，省略主语和be动词，故填seen。
【15题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：红树林有助于软化海浪，保护城市免受沿海风的侵袭。此处应用名词city作宾语，为可数名词，应用复数形式表泛指，故填cities。
【16题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，中国已经建立了一些红树林保护区。由Up to now(到目前为止)可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语是China，助动词应用has，故填has established。
C
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Nina has run marathons in 32 countries. All of her runs have a guiding purpose: to call attention ____17____ global water issues. Nina recently finished her year-long series of runs in Chicago, ____18____ thousands were attending a water conference.She called for action ____19____(address)the struggles of people around the world ____20____(face) “too little water or too dirty water”. Her efforts have encouraged others to take part by running through a global campaign called“Run Blue”.
【答案】17. to 18. where 19. to address 20. facing
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。尼娜在32个国家跑过马拉松。她所有的跑步活动都有一个目的：呼吁人们关注全球水资源问题。最近，尼娜在芝加哥结束了长达一年的系列跑步活动，数千人在那里参加了一个水会议。她呼吁采取行动，解决世界各地面临“水太少或水太脏”的人们的斗争。她的努力鼓励其他人参与到一场名为“蓝色奔跑”的全球运动中来。
【17题详解】
考查介词。句意：她所有的跑步活动都有一个指导目的：呼吁人们关注全球水资源问题。表示“关注”短语为call attention to。故填to。
【18题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：最近，尼娜在芝加哥结束了长达一年的系列跑步活动，数千人在那里参加了一个水会议。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Chicago，在从句中作地点状语，故填where。
【19题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：她呼吁采取行动，解决世界各地面临“水太少或水太脏”的人们的斗争。分析句子结构可知address在句中作目的状语，故用不定式。故填to address。
【20题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：她呼吁采取行动，解决世界各地面临“水太少或水太脏”的人们的斗争。分析句子结构可知face与逻辑主语people构成主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语，故填facing。
2022年北京卷
A
Helen was walking down the street late 11 the evening, her arms filled with grocery bags. Focused on balancing the bags, she didn’t notice her wallet falling out of her pocket. As Helen walked on, she heard a man charging towards her. Fearful that he might have an intention 12 (harm) her, Helen started to run. Eventually, the man 13 (catch) up with her, and he was only trying to return her wallet!
B
Why do humans prefer some smells over others One theory, increasingly 14 (support) by experts, suggests that smell preferences are learned. It’s easy to explain how we determine 15 smells are dangerous or not: we learn. This has been adopted to ensure easier detection of gas leaks. Gas naturally 16 (have) no recognisable smell. However, a strong smell is added so that we can raise the alarm when we detect the smell associated with danger.
C
Since people can’t always eat out or cook for 17 (they), they get takeout or order delivery. More takeout and more food delivery equal more waste, especially plastic waste. That includes cups, bottles, and bags, most of 18 are only good for one use. That’s a big problem and it is getting even 19 (bad). The use of those plastics 20 (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation continues.
【答案】
11．in 12．to harm 13．caught 14．supported 15．whether
16．has 17．themselves 18．which 19．worse 20．has increased
2021年北京卷
A篇
Why do we dream Scientists aren't completely sure, and they have diverse 1 (idea). Dreams might be a side effect of memory making. When you sleep, your brain sorts through everything 2 happened during the day, trying to link new experiences to old memories. As it 3 (connect) things, your brain turns them into a story, and you get a dream.
答案：ideas ; that ; connects
解析
1．考查名词复数。句意：科学家们还不能完全确定，他们有不同的想法。根据句意和本空前的diverse可知，本空应填名词复数，即ideas。故答案为：ideas。
2．考查定语从句。句意：当你睡觉时，你的大脑会整理白天发生的一切，试图将新经历与旧记忆联系起来。分析句子成分结构可知，" happened during the day" 为定语从句，先行词为不定代词everything，且从句缺少主语，所以本空应填that。故答案为：that。
3．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：当它连接事物时，你的大脑将它们变成一个故事，然后你就得到了一个梦。根据后半句谓语动词使用 "turns" 可知，句子为一般现在时。又因为主语it为第三人称单数，所以本空应填connects。故答案为：connects。
B篇
Sam is an in-real-life streamer（播主）, and he live streams himself just going about his day. While riding his bike home 1 a cold night, he came across a sad-looking elderly woman wandering the streets by herself. The poor woman wasn't able to give him any information about 2 she lived. Sam walked her to a nearby convenience store so that she could 3 (safe) wait for the police to take her home.
答案：on ; where ; safely
解析
1 ：考查时间介词。句意：在一个寒冷的夜晚，他骑着自行车回家时，遇到了一位愁眉苦脸的老妇人独自在街上闲逛。分析句子成分结构可知，本空应填时间介词。又因为表示具体某一天的早、中、晚时，应使用时间介词on，且本空后接有形容词修饰的night，所以本空应填on。故答案为：on。
2 ：考查宾语从句。句意：这个可怜的女人不能给他任何关于她住在哪里的信息。分析句子成分结构可知，" she lived" 为宾语从句。连接词在从句中作状语，结合句意，表示居住的位置。故答案为：where。
3 ：考查词性转换。句意：萨姆陪她走到附近的一家便利店，这样她就可以安全地等警察把她带回家了。分析句子成分结构可知，本空应填副词修饰动词wait，而safe的副词形式为safely。故答案为：safely。
C篇
There 1 (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, 2 (cause) largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations. From 2000 to 2019, there were 7,348 major natural disasters around the world, 3 (result) in USD2,970 billion in economic loss. Much of this increase can be due to climate change. The findings show a critical need 4 (invest) in disaster prevention.
答案
has been ; caused ; resulting ; to invest
解析
1 ：考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：根据联合国的一份新报告，过去20年里，极端天气事件的数量急剧增加，主要是由全球气温上升造成的。根据 "over the past 20 years" 可知，此处应采用现在完成时，即have+动词过去分词。又因为本空的主语a dramatic rise为单数，所以助动词使用三单形式has，be的过去分词形式为been。故答案为：has been。
2 ：考查非谓语动词。句意：根据联合国的一份新报告，过去20年里，极端天气事件的数量急剧增加，主要是由全球气温上升造成的。句子主谓结构完整，此处应使用非谓语动词作状语。cause与其逻辑主语a dramatic rise之间为被动关系，应填动词过去分词，即caused。故答案为：caused。
3 ：考查非谓语动词。句意：2000年至2019年，全球共发生重大自然灾害7348起，造成经济损失29.7兆美元。句子主谓结构完整，此处应使用非谓语动词作原因状语，result与其逻辑主语disasters为主动关系，应使用动词现在分词，即resulting。故答案为：resulting。
4 ：考查动词不定式。句意：研究结果表明，急需投资于灾害预防。分析句子成分结构可知，此处为need的定语，非谓语动词作定语，与其逻辑主语间无明显主被动关系时，使用不定式的形式，所以本空应填to invest。故答案为：to invest。
2020年北京卷
Oliver is a host of a TV programme on food. He says food 1 （play） a big role in his life. "My mum was a great cook, and she'd sometimes let me have a try, " he said. The first dish Oliver prepared for his family was fried chicken wings. He made it with his mum's help. Oliver says if you're 2 （luck） enough to have someone close to you who enjoys cooking, ask them 3 you can join in when it's possible.
【答案】：plays 或 has played 或 is playing 或 has been playing ; lucky ; if 或 whether
解析：1.考查动词的时态。句意：他说食物在他的生活中扮演着重要的角色。根据句意可知表示经常性习惯性的动作，用一般现在时态。主语为 food，谓语动词需要用第三人称单数形式，故答案：为 plays/has played/is playing/has been playing。
2．考查形容词做表语。句意：奥利弗说，如果你很幸运，身边有一个喜欢烹饪的人，那就问问他们，如果可能的话，你是否可以加入。luck 名词，幸运，形容词形式为 lucky，故答案：为 lucky。
3．考查宾语从句。句意：如果你很幸运，身边有一个喜欢烹饪的人，那就问问他们，如果可能的话，你是否可以加入。根据句意可知表达是否，用 if/whether。
Single-use plastic bags are used at most a few times before they 1 （throw） away. It takes them hundreds of years 2 （break） down. Many of these bags end up in the ocean where larger ones can trap sea creatures, such as turtles and dolphins. Over time, the bags fall apart 3 countless tiny pieces, and fish can accidentally eat some of them. Now, lots of 4 （country） and regions are taking action to ban the sale of such bags to stop people using them.
【答案】：are thrown ; to break ; into 或 to ; countries
解析：1.考查被动语态。句意：一次性塑料袋在被扔掉之前最多使用几次。结合句意分析可知动词throw和主语they之间为动宾关系，再根据are used的提示可知使用一般现在时的被动语态。故答案：为：are thrown。
2．考查动词不定式。句意：它们需要几百年才能分解。固定句型：It takes sb some time to do sth， "花费某人时间做某事" 。it为形式主语，动词不定式为真正的主语。故答案：为：to break。
3．考查介词。句意：随着时间的推移，袋子会分解成无数的小碎片，鱼可能会不小心吃掉其中的一些。动词短语：fall apart into/to pieces， "破碎，倒塌" 。故答案：为：into 或 to。
4．考查名词复数。句意：现在，许多国家和地区正在采取行动禁止销售这种袋子，以阻止人们使用它们。根据lots of的提示可知使用名词的复数形式。故答案：为：countries。
A piece of stone 1 （find）on a Dutch beach suggests that our extinct human relatives, known as Neanderthals, were cleverer than previously thought. The Neanderthals 2 （live）alongside human ancestors in Europe for tens of thousands of years, before dying out about 40, 000 years ago. They were much stronger than modern humans, but it's long been assumed that human ancestors were 3 （smart）than the Neanderthals. However, the stone tool made by Neanderthals suggests otherwise.
【答案】：found ; lived 或 had lived 或 had been living ; smarter
解析：1.考查非谓语动词做定语。句意：在荷兰海滩上发现的一块石头表明，我们已经灭绝的人类亲戚，也就是众所周知的尼安德特人，比之前想象的更聪明。find和所修饰的名词 stone 之间为被动关系，用过去分词做后置定语，故答案：为 found。
2．考查动词的时态。句意：尼安德特人在欧洲与人类祖先一起生活了数万年。根据句意可知是在描述过去的事情，需用一般过去时，并且通过before dying out about 40, 000 years ago． 也可用过去完成时或过去完成进行时，故答案：为 lived/had lived/had been living。
3．考查形容词的比较级。句意：但长期以来，人们一直认为人类祖先比尼安德特人更聪明。根据句意可知是形容词的比较级，故答案：为 smarter。
2019年北京卷
（A篇）
On the first day of my first grade, I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach. I 1 （voice）my biggest concern to my mother, "How will I make friends " She handed me advice, "Be yourself." For the past 20 years, I have lived by these words. Soon I will graduate and become part of the real world. Nervously 2 （face）challenges, I know I will whisper to 3 （I）the two simple words "Be yourself" .
【答案】：voiced ; facing ; myself
解析：1.考查时态。句意：我向妈妈表达了我最大的担忧， "我将如何交朋友？" 提示词voice是动词， "表达" 的意思，在句中作谓语。根据上一句的stood和下一句的handed，可以确定本句用一般过去时。故填voiced。
2．考查非谓语动词。句意：紧张地面对挑战，我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字 "Be yourself" 。分析句式可知，本句的谓语动词是know, 此处要用非谓语动词，做句子的状语，其逻辑主语是I，与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填facing。
3．考查代词。句意：紧张地面对挑战，我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字 "Be yourself" 。本句的主语是I，当主语与宾语是同一人时，宾语要用反身代词。根据语义可知，应填写 "我自己" ，故填myself。
（B篇）
Earth Day, 1 （mark）on 22 April, is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection. First celebrated 2 1970, the Day now includes events in more than 190 countries and regions（地区）. No matter what you like to do, there is a way to get involved in various 3 （activity）on Earth Day. You can plant a tree, make a meal with locally grown vegetables, or save power—the possibilities are endless.
【答案】：marked ; in ; activities
解析：1.考查非谓语动词。句意：地球日被定在4月22日举行，是一项旨在提高公众环保意识的年度活动。分析句式可知，句子的谓语动词为is, 设空处是填非谓语动词，mark的逻辑主语为Earth Day，且两者之间是被动关系，要用过去分词。故填marked。
2．考查介词。句意：第一次庆祝地球日是在1970年。如今，这一天的活动遍及190多个国家和地区。在年份前要用介词in。故填in。
3．考查名词。句意：无论你喜欢做什么，有一个方法可以让你参与地球日的各种活动中。根据设空前的修饰词various， "各种各样的" 可知，此处要用名词的复数形式。故填activities。
（C篇）
Does the name of the college you attend really matter Research on the question 1 （suggest）that, for most students, it doesn't. What students do at college seems to matter much more than 2 they go. The students benefitting most from college are those 3 are totally engaged（参与）in academic life, taking full advantage of the college's chances and resource（资源）. Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend, and it's never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and 4 （meaning）college experience.
【答案】：suggests 或 suggested 或 has suggested ; where ; who 或 that ; meaningful
解析：1.考查时态。句意：这个问题的研究表明，对于大多数学生来说，它不重要。提示词suggest为动词，而that前的主句缺少谓语动词，主语research和suggest之间为主动关系。此处没有特殊用于某种时态的时间状语，且句意并未明确指出进行调查的时间，故一般现在时、一般过去时和现在完成时均可使用。主语是Research，故现在时态中要用单三形式，故填suggests/suggested/has suggested。
2．考查宾语从句。句意：学生在大学里做什么似乎比去哪里（哪所大学）更重要。这里表达去哪所大学，表示地点，在从句中作状语。故用where。
3．考查定语从句。句意：从大学中获益最多的学生是那些完全投入学术生活的学生。先行词是those，定语从句缺少主语，代指人，故填who或that。
4．考查形容词。根据空格前and的并列形容词healthy，可知空格处应填meaning的形容词形式，修饰后面的名词college experience，故填meaningful。语法填空真题（北京卷）
2024年北京卷
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Slowing down can contribute significantly to personal growth. Taking the time ___11___ (rest) allows us to develop a deeper sense of ___12___ (self-aware). When we slow down, we create space to reflect on our thoughts and emotions, which helps us identify important areas of our lives and ___13___ (give) us the opportunity to make right choices. To practise this, we need to establish clear ___14___ (boundary) in our personal and professional life.
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
On April 5 2024, John Tinniswood ___15___ (name) the world’s oldest living man. And when ___16___ (ask) about his new title, he shared the secret: moderation (适度). Tinniswood, ___17___ doesn’t smoke and rarely drinks, credited moderation for helping him stay healthy during his long life. “If you eat too much or do too much of anything, you’re going to suffer eventually,” he said.
One day, I saw a boy walking along George Street with an armful of books. I thought ___18___ myself, “Why would he carry all his books ” Just then, some kids ran at him, ___19___ (knock) his books out of his arms. His glasses went flying and landed in the grass. My heart went out to him, and I ___20___ (jog) over to him. As I handed him the glasses, he looked at me and said, “Thanks!”
2023年北京卷
A
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Every culture is riddled with unwritten rules, such as ones on punctuality (守时). I’m British. Soon after moving to Switzerland, I ____11____(throw) a house-warming party and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up ____12____(exact) on time. Years later, having moved to France. I turned up at the appointed hour for a dinner, only to find that no other guest____13____(arrive) and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit.
B
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Mangroves, known as “red forest” in China, grow between land and sea, characterised by their complex roots. When ____14____(see) from afar, the mangrove forests appear more splendid.
Mangroves can help soften waves and protect ____15____(city) from coastal winds. For these reasons, they are praised as “coastal guardians”. Up to now, China ____16____(establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves.
C
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Nina has run marathons in 32 countries. All of her runs have a guiding purpose: to call attention ____17____ global water issues. Nina recently finished her year-long series of runs in Chicago, ____18____ thousands were attending a water conference.She called for action ____19____(address)the struggles of people around the world ____20____(face) “too little water or too dirty water”. Her efforts have encouraged others to take part by running through a global campaign called“Run Blue”.
2022年北京卷
A
Helen was walking down the street late 11 the evening, her arms filled with grocery bags. Focused on balancing the bags, she didn’t notice her wallet falling out of her pocket. As Helen walked on, she heard a man charging towards her. Fearful that he might have an intention 12 (harm) her, Helen started to run. Eventually, the man 13 (catch) up with her, and he was only trying to return her wallet!
B
Why do humans prefer some smells over others One theory, increasingly 14 (support) by experts, suggests that smell preferences are learned. It’s easy to explain how we determine 15 smells are dangerous or not: we learn. This has been adopted to ensure easier detection of gas leaks. Gas naturally 16 (have) no recognisable smell. However, a strong smell is added so that we can raise the alarm when we detect the smell associated with danger.
C
Since people can’t always eat out or cook for 17 (they), they get takeout or order delivery. More takeout and more food delivery equal more waste, especially plastic waste. That includes cups, bottles, and bags, most of 18 are only good for one use. That’s a big problem and it is getting even 19 (bad). The use of those plastics 20 (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation continues.
2021年北京卷
A篇
Why do we dream Scientists aren't completely sure, and they have diverse 1 (idea). Dreams might be a side effect of memory making. When you sleep, your brain sorts through everything 2 happened during the day, trying to link new experiences to old memories. As it 3 (connect) things, your brain turns them into a story, and you get a dream.
B篇
Sam is an in-real-life streamer（播主）, and he live streams himself just going about his day. While riding his bike home 1 a cold night, he came across a sad-looking elderly woman wandering the streets by herself. The poor woman wasn't able to give him any information about 2 she lived. Sam walked her to a nearby convenience store so that she could 3 (safe) wait for the police to take her home.
C篇
There 1 (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, 2 (cause) largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations. From 2000 to 2019, there were 7,348 major natural disasters around the world, 3 (result) in USD2,970 billion in economic loss. Much of this increase can be due to climate change. The findings show a critical need 4 (invest) in disaster prevention.
2020年北京卷
Oliver is a host of a TV programme on food. He says food 1 （play） a big role in his life. "My mum was a great cook, and she'd sometimes let me have a try, " he said. The first dish Oliver prepared for his family was fried chicken wings. He made it with his mum's help. Oliver says if you're 2 （luck） enough to have someone close to you who enjoys cooking, ask them 3 you can join in when it's possible.
Single-use plastic bags are used at most a few times before they 1 （throw） away. It takes them hundreds of years 2 （break） down. Many of these bags end up in the ocean where larger ones can trap sea creatures, such as turtles and dolphins. Over time, the bags fall apart 3 countless tiny pieces, and fish can accidentally eat some of them. Now, lots of 4 （country） and regions are taking action to ban the sale of such bags to stop people using them.
A piece of stone 1 （find）on a Dutch beach suggests that our extinct human relatives, known as Neanderthals, were cleverer than previously thought. The Neanderthals 2 （live）alongside human ancestors in Europe for tens of thousands of years, before dying out about 40, 000 years ago. They were much stronger than modern humans, but it's long been assumed that human ancestors were 3 （smart）than the Neanderthals. However, the stone tool made by Neanderthals suggests otherwise.
2019年北京卷
（A篇）
On the first day of my first grade, I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach. I 1 （voice）my biggest concern to my mother, "How will I make friends " She handed me advice, "Be yourself." For the past 20 years, I have lived by these words. Soon I will graduate and become part of the real world. Nervously 2 （face）challenges, I know I will whisper to 3 （I）the two simple words "Be yourself" .
（B篇）
Earth Day, 1 （mark）on 22 April, is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection. First celebrated 2 1970, the Day now includes events in more than 190 countries and regions（地区）. No matter what you like to do, there is a way to get involved in various 3 （activity）on Earth Day. You can plant a tree, make a meal with locally grown vegetables, or save power—the possibilities are endless.
（C篇）
Does the name of the college you attend really matter Research on the question 1 （suggest）that, for most students, it doesn't. What students do at college seems to matter much more than 2 they go. The students benefitting most from college are those 3 are totally engaged（参与）in academic life, taking full advantage of the college's chances and resource（资源）. Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend, and it's never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and 4 （meaning）college experience.
