湖北省部分高中协作体2024--2025学年下学期期中联考
高三英语试题
本试卷共10页，全卷满分150分，考试用时120分钟。
★祝考试顺利★
注意事项：
1、答题前，请将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的制定位置。
2、选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3、非选择题作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡对应的答题区域内，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4、考试结束后，请将答题卡上交。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案写到答题栏上。
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What will Jane do this Friday？
A.Go out of town.
B.Watch her sister's dog.
C.Have dinner with her classmates.
2.Where does the conversation take place？
A.In a bookstore.
B.In a shop.
C.In a restaurant.
3.What would the man drink at last？
A.Orange juice.
B.Grape juice.
C.Apple juice.
4.What will the man do？
A.Change the plan.
B.Wait for a phone call.
C.Sort things out.
5.What are the speakers talking about？
A.Organization of events.
B.Time management.
C.Reading.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.Why does the woman ask to go to the chemistry lab？
A.To check the equipment.
B.To follow the man closely.
C.To do an experiment again.
7.What does the man remind the woman to do at last？
A.Go home early.
B.Turn off the light.
C.Look after herself.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8.What is the woman？
A.A chef.
B.A waitress.
C.A taxi driver.
9.What does the man say about the pie？
A.He can't eat it.
B.He doesn't like it.
C.He misses the taste very much.
10.Which dessert does the man order？
A.The chocolate cake.
B.The fruit salad.
C.Nothing.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11.Why does the woman dislike the city？
A.The air is not fresh.
B.The streets are crowded.
C.It is difficult to park the car.
12.What can we learn about the man？
A.He lives near his workplace.
B.He takes the subway to work.
C.He dreams to have a big house.
13.What does the woman plan to do？
A.Find a new job.
B.Move out of the city.
C.Keep a pet dog.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14.Where did the woman spend her holiday？
A.In the garden.
B.By the seaside.
C.In the mountains.
15.What have the woman's parents been doing recently？
A.Moving.
B.Decorating the house.
C.Enjoying the holiday.
16.Where did the woman live during her holiday？
A.In an apartment.
B.In a storeroom.
C.In a tree house.
17.When will the man come for a visit？
A.This year.
B.Next month.
C.Next year.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18.How many key cultural sites are expected to be listed under state protection in 2020 in China？
A.1，800. B.1，000.
C.770.
19.What did the Chinese government do with the cultural sites in the 1990s？
A.It passed new laws to protect them.
B.It spent much money on their protection.
C.It used special technology to protect them.
20.In what aspect does the Chinese government protect cultural cities？
A.Agricultural technology.
B.The natural environment.
C.Ancient buildings and traditional cultures.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Here are several places which will surprise you.
Death Valley，California，USA
Very lively at night but completely dead during the day，this place is nothing but dry hot desert.It actually holds the record for the hottest air temperature.It has an average temperature of 46℃ but it has reached 56.7℃ in 1913 and is considered to be a current record.As the driest place in the USA，this place is actually inhabited even though less than a thousand people live there.
Kebili，Tunisia
Tunisia's close location to the Mediterranean Sea suggests that it should be nice and cool but Kebili is a desert town which has the highest temperature recorded at 55℃.The people inhabiting the area have adjusted to tough conditions and learned to spend most of their time in the shade.Date palms are one of the key features of this place.
Wādī Halfā，Sudan
The city is located on the shores of Lake Nubia，and dust storms are a pretty common thing in the summer.With an average temperature of 41℃，it still managed to make it to 53℃ in 1967.You would think that it should be a little bit cooler for it is the most northern place in Sudan.
Dasht e Lut Desert，Iran
It's another uninhabited desert which is actually getting super hot.In the past 20 years，the temperatures of 70℃ have been recorded.The salt desert spreads over 200 miles and even wildlife is not that spread.The place is popular with tourists and naturalists who would like to experience extreme landscapes.
21.What can we say about Death Valley？
A.There is little rainfall in it.
B.Over 1，000 people live there.
C.There is nothing but dry hot sand in it.
D.Its average temperature is 56.7℃.
22.Which place has the highest temperature ever recorded？
A.Death Valley.
B.Dasht e Lut Desert.
C.Wādī Halfā.
D.Kebili.
23.What do the four places have in common？
A.They are places suitable to settle in.
B.They are located close to deserts.
C.They are the hottest places on earth.
D.They are more popular with tourists than other places.
B
Recently I bought a book about signposts.Signposts aren't very interesting，you're thinking.Well，that，of course，depends on whether you happen to be lost！ Ancient travelers would have been grateful for these when settlements were smaller and further apart.In winter，the ability to reach shelter for the night could be the difference between life and death.
One of the very earliest waymarks discovered is in Cumbria.Dating from Roman times，it had lain fallen until 1836，when a farmer ploughing his fields came across a sandstone.There are other stone posts that have stood by roadsides for centuries.It wasn't until 1697 that an act was passed declaring that guide stones must be built.
This applied to remote parts of the country where there might be confusion as to which path led to the nearest market town.Later，with the appearance of the Royal Mail，the number rose still further.Nowadays many of these early road signs are designated (指定) as Listed Monuments.
“How times change！” Lucy，an enthusiastic walker，to whom I loaned the book，exclaimed.
“I suppose now we all rely far more upon mobile phones to guide us.”
“Yet they aren't perfect.Whenever I go out，I prefer a map.I never have to worry about running out of battery.” “I'm always grateful to whoever is placing waymarkers along the route，” she added，“I suppose that however sure we are，a little outside confirmation is always welcome.”
Lucy is quite right there.Life itself can offer us a great many choices of path，and sometimes it isn't easy to know if we've chosen the best one.
Perhaps when it comes to gratitude，we should also include thanks for those people who appear in our lives when we most need them — either giving us gentle warning that we might be heading in the wrong direction，or reassurance that we are on the right track.After all，we'd be lost without them！
24.What does the underlined word “these” in the first paragraph refer to？
A.Signposts. B.Abilities.
C.Settlements. D.Shelters.
25.What contributed to the initial spread of signposts？
A.The market trade.
B.The act passed in 1697.
C.The discovery of the sandstone.
D.The appearance of the Loyal Mail.
26.What does Lucy think of signposts？
A.Popular. B.Outdated.
C.Imperfect. D.Helpful.
27.What does the author learn from signposts？
A.To choose right tracks.
B.To live a colorful life.
C.To have a grateful mind.
D.To offer practical choices.
C
Scientists at Purdue University created the world's whitest paint — a discovery that not only adds yet another choice to the “which white should we paint this wall” dilemma，but also might help the climate crisis.
The paint was developed by Purdue mechanical engineering professor Xiulin Ruan and his team.It works through a passive cooling technology that offers great promises to reduce space cooling cost and global warming.“When we started this project seven years ago，we had saving energy and fighting climate change in mind，” Ruan said in a podcast (播客) episode of This Is Purdue.They wanted to create a paint that would reflect sunlight away from a building，dramatically decreasing the need for air conditioning.
Heating，cooling，and lighting account for 28 percent of the world's total greenhouse gas emissions.And overusing air conditioning can overwhelm a city's power grid and cause blackouts (停电).In a Queens blackout in 2006，175，000 people were left without power，which led to 40 deaths.This paint could effectively be an alternative to air conditioners in some places.
The paint reflects 98.1% of solar radiation while also giving out infrared (红外线的) heat.Because the paint takes in less heat from the sun than it gives out，a surface coated with this paint is cooled below the surrounding temperature without using power.Covering a roof area of 1，000 square feet with the paint could create 10 kilowatts of cooling power，the researchers found.“That's more powerful than the air conditioners used by most houses，” Ruan told This Is Purdue.
You can't buy the paint just yet，but researchers are partnering with a company to put the paint on the market.While individual action to fight climate change can help save our planet，it's important to note that the vast majority of the world's greenhouse gas emissions can be traced back to 100 companies.Maybe we can douse(浇) those companies with this white paint，too — it could be worth a shot.
28.What is known about the paint？
A.It has different colors.
B.It doesn't cost much.
C.It uses heating technology.
D.It is climate friendly.
29.What is the Queens blackout mentioned to show？
A.The poor management of power.
B.The significance of the paint.
C.The importance of air conditioning.
D.The result of global warming.
30.Which aspect of the paint is talked about in Paragraph 4？
A.Its application.
B.Its function.
C.Its composition.
D.Its disadvantage.
31.What can be learned from the last paragraph？
A.The quality of the paint needs improving.
B.The paint will bring profits to the 100 companies.
C.Researchers want to see the paint in commercial use.
D.Individual efforts matter in creating the whitest paint.
D
Human responses to moral dilemmas can be influenced by statements written by the artificial intelligence chatbot ChatGPT，according to a study published in Scientific Reports.The findings indicate that users may underestimate the extent to which their own moral judgments can be influenced by the chatbot.
Sebastian Krigel and colleagues asked ChatGPT multiple times whether it is right to sacrifice (牺牲) the life of one person in order to save the lives of five others.They found that ChatGPT wrote random statements arguing both for and against sacrificing one life，indicating that it is not biased towards a certain moral stance (立场).
The authors then presented 767 U.S.participants，who were on average 39 years old，with a dilemma whether to sacrifice one person's life to save five others.Before answering，participants read a statement provided by ChatGPT arguing either for or against sacrificing one life to save five.After answering，participants were asked whether the statement they read influenced their answers.
Eighty percent of participants reported that their answers were not influenced by the statements they read.However，the authors found that the answers participants believed they would have provided without reading the statements were still more likely to agree with the moral stance of the statement they did read than with the opposite stance.This indicates that participants may have underestimated the influence of ChatGPT's statements on their own moral judgments.
The authors suggest that the potential for chatbots to influence human moral judgments highlights the need for education to help humans better understand artificial intelligence.They propose that future research should design chatbots that either decline to answer questions requiring a moral judgment or answer these questions by providing multiple arguments and warnings.
32.What are ChatGPT's answers to a certain moral stance？
A.Inconsistent. B.Valuable.
C.Creative. D.Simple.
33.What is learned about the participants？
A.They admitted the power of ChatGPT.
B.They were interviewed by a moral advisor.
C.They were affected by ChatGPT unknowingly.
D.They were presented with different moral dilemmas.
34.What is the last paragraph mainly about？
A.Different findings of the study.
B.Future potentials for chatbots.
C.Major focuses of future education.
D.Solutions to the impact of chatbots.
35.Which of the following is the best title for the text？
A.ChatGPT Tends to Cause Moral Panics
B.ChatGPT：Is It Likely to Affect Our Life？
C.ChatGPT：Why Is It Making Us So Nervous？
D.ChatGPT Can Influence Human Moral Judgments
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If you travel to nearly any Chinese city in the summertime，you will see people，mostly men wearing T shirts，sitting out on the sidewalks on low chairs in the shade，playing a game with large round disks of wood. 36 Xiangqi dates back as early as the Warring States period.While experts have different opinions as to who created Xiangqi and how it is linked to Western chess，there is no doubt that by the Tang Dynasty Xiangqi was a popular game in China. 37 And in the 20th century both Sun Yat sen and Zhou Enlai were big fans of the game.
And， though it may look quite a bit different than Western chess，Xiangqi is actually quite similar in what the pieces can do and how the game is played.Like Western chess，the object of the game is to capture the other player's “king”. 38
Unlike Western chess，instead of placing the pieces in squares，the pieces are placed on the intersections of lines.Another big difference between Western chess and Xiangqi is that there is a large empty space in the middle of the board，which the elephants cannot cross. 39 This space refers to an area in China where Liu Bang and Xiang Yu had a life or death war.The war was so influential that “the Chu River and the Han Boundary” has become a metaphor(隐喻)referring to any boundary between two opposing armies.When the Chinese people today see this name on the board，the battle scenes come to their mind，as though they are surrounded by thick smoke，able to hear the beating of war drums. 40
A.Actually，in Xiangqi he is just a general.
B.During the Qing Dynasty its popularity grew.
C.It is called “the Chu River and the Han Boundary”.
D.The game is called Xiangqi，a game of ordinary people.
E.There are many differences between Xiangqi and Western chess.
F.An intense battle is about to take place on this small chessboard.
G.Several sayings related to Xiangqi are in common use in China today.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
One summer night in a seaside cottage，a small boy was in bed，sound asleep.Suddenly，he felt himself 41 from bed and carried in his father's arms on to the beach.Overhead was the clear starry sky.“Watch！” As his father spoke， 42 ，one of the stars moved.It 43 across the sky like a golden fire.And before the 44 of this could fade，another star leapt from its place，then another...
“What is it？” the child asked in 45 .
“Shooting stars.They 46 every year on a certain night in August.”
That was all：just an 47 encounter with something magic and beautiful.But，back in bed，the child stared into the dark，with mind full of the falling stars.
I was the 48 seven year old boy whose father believed that a new experience 49 more for a small boy than an unbroken night's sleep.
That night，my father opened a door for his child，leading him into an area of splendid 50 .Children are naturally curious，but they need someone to 51 them.This art of adding new dimensions to a child's world doesn't 52 require a great deal of time.It simply 53 doing things more often with children instead of for them or to them.Good parents know this：The most precious gift they can give a child is to spark their flame of 54 .That night is still deeply 55 in my memory.Next year，when August comes with its shooting stars，my son will be seven.
41.A.hidden B.robbed
C.lifted D.kicked
42.A.incredibly B.accidentally
C.apparently D.actually
43.A.exploded B.circled
C.spread D.flashed
44.A.success B.wonder
C.exhibition D.discovery
45.A.amazement B.horror
C.relief D.delight
46.A.blow up B.turn up
C.show off D.give out
47.A.uncomfortable B.unbearable
C.undetected D.unexpected
48.A.curious B.determined
C.fortunate D.chosen
49.A.worked B.mattered
C.deserved D.proved
50.A.newness B.emptiness
C.freedom D.innovation
51.A.protect B.challenge
C.guide D.believe
52.A.absolutely B.basically
C.possibly D.necessarily
53.A.involves B.risks
C.admits D.resists
54.A.hope B.curiosity
C.faith D.wisdom
55.A.trapped B.set
C.lost D.rooted
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Most people like to start their day with a nice hot drink.But what heats up must cool down，and that can be frustrating if you haven't finished your drink.Now，professor Dr.Alon Gorodetsky in University of California Irvine reveals a new invention：a thermoregulatory (温度调节的) material 56.__________ imitates the way octopus (章鱼)skin works.
Gorodetsky 57.__________ (fall) in love with octopuses the moment he saw a video of an octopus hiding itself in a rock，which led him to create the material 58.__________ (inspire) by octopus skin.Octopuses have the amazing ability to hide 59.__________ (they) in their environments，using unique organs in their skin that can shrink and expand within seconds.As a result，octopus skin can reflect different 60.__________ (wavelength) of color.It is this aspect of octopus biology that was the inspiration for the 61.__________ (develop) of the new material.The new material acts like octopus skin，expanding or contracting to reflect heat instead of color.
This new material could be used 62.__________ (create) emergency heating blankets，and it can even help keep your computers 63.__________ overheating.Best of all， 64.__________ new thermoregulatory material is inexpensive to produce，and very environmentally friendly as it is durable and 65.__________ (easy) reusable.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
你校英文报就“英语课外阅读对学生产生的影响”进行了问卷调查。请你根据下面的调查数据写一篇短文，内容包括：
1.调查结果描述；
2.课外阅读倡议。
I think English extracurricular reading improves my... (Percentage of People)
Sense of Language 60.50%
Writing 73.80%
Interest in English 78.20%
参考词汇：extracurricular课外的
注意：词数80左右。
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第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Maria and Peter lived in a coastal city.The greatest pleasure in summer for them was to swim at their local beach after school.But one day they started to lose their enthusiasm for swimming in the waters.More often than not，they would find plastic bags thrown on the beach.Worse still，as they swam in the water，some plastic bags would float around them and even stick to their legs when they walked to the shore.
They were upset and decided something needed to be done to stop the beautiful sea becoming consumed by waste.One weekend，Maria and Peter brought a big bag to the beach and determined to clean it up.Sweat streamed down from their forehead while they bent down and picked up the plastic bags.To their disappointment，after a day's hard work，there were still many plastic bags lying on the beach or floating in the water.Going home with aching legs and arms，Maria and Peter were almost defeated by a strong sense of failure.
That night over dinner with their parents，the pair ate silently.Noticing their low spirits，Mother asked gently，“You two looked so down.What happened？” Exchanging glances with Peter，Maria replied in a low voice，“It's those annoying plastic bags.We tried to clean up but it was just impossible.”Understanding the pair's disappointment，their father patted them on the back and comforted，“Well，it's really hard for just two of you to fix such a big problem.”“Just two of us.” complained Maria and Peter，looking at each other.Suddenly，an idea flashed through their minds，their eyes shining with excitement.“Yes，that's the point！ We should make more people aware of the problem and encourage them to take action！” the pair said in chorus.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
Quickly finishing their dinner，the pair went upstairs and started planning.____________________________________________________________
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Excited and nervous，they posted the video and article on social media. _____
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____________________________________________________________________高三英语试题答案
1—5 CCBBB 6—10 CBBAA 11—15 CABAB 16—20 BCABC
21—25 ABCAB 26—30 DCDBB 31—35 CACDD 36—40 DBACF
41—45 CADBA 46—50 BDCBA 51—55 CDABD
56.which/that 57.fell 58.inspired 59.themselves 60.wavelengths 61.development 62.to create 63.from 64.the 65.easily
第一部分 听力原文
第一节
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
(Text 1)
M：Jane，can you meet us for dinner this Friday？There's a great new Indian restaurant that just opened.
W：I actually have a dinner plan with my high school classmates this Friday. What about this Sunday？
M：I will have to watch my sister's dog while she's out of town.
(Text 2)
W：I'll pass on your praise to our manager right away，sir.Don't forget to take your book and the bag on the table with you.
M：Thanks for your reminding.This Friday evening，we'll come here for the fish，which is our favorite.
(Text 3)
M：Could I have an apple juice，please？
W：Sorry，we don't have it.There's orange，lemon and grape juice.
M：Oh，I suppose I'll have to have grape juice instead.
(Text 4)
M：At what time are we leaving for the outing？
W：I'll phone you tomorrow.I should have everything sorted out by then.
(Text 5)
W：You're always so organized and efficient.How do you do it？
M：I'm not always like that，but I've got better since I read some books about time management.
第二节
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
(Text 6)
W：May I go to the chemistry lab before going home，Mr.Liu？
M：For what？
W：I want to do that experiment once again.
M：Then you must follow me.
W：I'm sure I can do it myself.
M：Well，all right.You can go by yourself.Make sure everything is taken good care of，especially the electrical equipment.
W：I certainly will.Anything else？
M：Don't forget to turn off the light before you leave.
W：I won't.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
(Text 7)
W：Was everything OK，sir？Would you like me to bring you the dessert menu？
M：It was absolutely delicious and I have eaten quite enough，thank you.However，because I'm greedy ...yes，I will have the dessert menu.
W：Ha ha.Here it is.
M：Is there anything you would recommend？
W：The chef's special is very popular.It's the strawberry pie.Then there's the chocolate cake.That's the one I like best.
M：I'll have to give the pie a miss.I have an allergy.The fruit salad looks nice，but I trust your judgement，so I'll have your favorite.
W：OK.By the way，there's a taxi outside.Did you order one？
M：I did.But if it's mine，he's 10 minutes early.Could you ask him to wait？
W：It's my pleasure.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
(Text 8)
W：I'm sick of living in the city.
M：Why？For the air pollution？
W：Not really.It seems like there is always no place for me to park my car.Sometimes I have to drive around for about 30 minutes to find a parking spot！
M：I know，but I still love living here.I think you can move close to your workplace like me.Then you can just get rid of the car and don't have to worry about parking.
W：And it is getting expensive to rent an apartment.I hear that rents will continue to increase.I could buy a big house in the long run if I moved somewhere else.To buy a big house is my dream.
M：I would like to have enough room for a dog and a home office.I guess that is the only thing that would get me out of the city.
W：Well，keep thinking about it！I'm ready to move.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
(Text 9)
M：Hi，Pamela，how was your holiday？
W：Oh，it was great.This year the weather has been excellent so we spent a lot of time under the cherry tree in the garden.
M：Is this the famous cherry tree you have been talking about so much？
W：That's the one.You know my parents have had that tree ever since I remembered and each summer it produces a great many cherries.
M：And how are your parents？
W：Oh，they keep themselves busy.They have been decorating the house recently，so I moved to the storeroom.
M：Was that a problem？
W：No，not at all.I always like our storeroom.As a kid I always thought it had lots of old treasures，but I was rarely allowed to go there.
M：Wow，I was brought up in an apartment，so there wasn't a storeroom.
W：Well，maybe I can convince you to come with me next year.
M：Oh，I may take you up on that offer.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
(Text 10)
Hello， everyone. Next let's move to China. Since 1996， the Chinese government has listed 770 key cultural sites under protection. The number of key cultural sites under state protection is expected to reach 1，800 in 2020. In the 1990s， the government spent a lot of money in protecting cultural sites. Special money by the Central Government for the protection of cultural sites reached some 700 million yuan for about 1，000 projects. And the Law on Cultural Relics Protection was re examined in October 2002. So far， the Chinese government has listed more than 100 national famous cultural cities under key protection， and also more than 80 provincial ones. The protection of these cities includes both the protection of the ancient buildings and the traditional cultures of the ancient cities as well.As a large traditional agricultural country， China has many ancient villages. The natural environment as well as folk culture and art is quite valuable. The cultural experts are planning a large protection project on ancient villages.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节
A
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了让人大吃一惊的四个不同的地方，它们共同的特点是都非常炎热。
21.A 推理判断题。根据Death Valley， California， USA部分中的“As the driest place in the USA”可知 Death Valley是美国最干旱的地区；由此可知，这个地方很少下雨。
22.B 细节理解题。根据Death Valley， California， USA部分中的“it has reached 56.7℃ in 1913 and is considered to be a current record”，Kebili， Tunisia部分中的“Kebili is a desert town which has the highest temperature recorded at 55℃”，Wādī Halfā， Sudan部分中的“With an average temperature of 41℃， it still managed to make it to 53℃ in 1967.”以及Dasht e Lut Desert， Iran部分中的“In the past 20 years， the temperatures of 70℃ have been recorded.”可知，有记载的最高温度是在伊朗的Dasht e Lut 沙漠，达到70℃。
23.C 细节理解题。根据对四个地方的温度的介绍可知，这四个地区共同之处是它们都是地球上最热的地方。
B
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者最近买了一本关于路标的书，以及从书中了解到关于路标的知识。
24.A 词义猜测题。根据第一段中“Recently I bought a book about signposts.”可猜测，画线单词“these”指的就是上文中提到的路标。
25.B 细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，1697年通过的法案促成了路标最初的传播。
26.D 推理判断题。根据第六段内容可推知，露西对路标的看法是认为它是有帮助的。
27.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推知，作者从路标中学到了要有感恩的心。
C
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了普杜大学的科学家们创造了世界上最白的涂料——这一发现不仅为“我们应该把这面墙涂成哪种白色”的困境增加了另一个选择，而且有助于解决气候危机。
28.D 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The paint was developed by Purdue mechanical engineering professor Xiulin Ruan and his team.It works through a passive cooling technology that offers great promises to reduce space cooling cost and global warming.”可知，关于涂料我们知道它是气候友好型的。
29.B 推理判断题。根据第三段中“In a Queens blackout in 2006，175，000 people were left without power， which led to 40 deaths.This paint could effectively be an alternative to air conditioners in some places.”可推知，提及皇后区停电事件是为了说明涂料的意义。
30.B 细节理解题。根据第四段中“The paint reflects 98.1%of solar radiation while also giving out infrared (红外线的) heat.Because the paint takes in less heat from the sun than it gives out， a surface coated with this paint is cooled below the surrounding temperature without using power.Covering a roof area of 1，000 square feet with the paint could create 10 kilowatts of cooling power， the researchers found.”可知，第四段主要谈论了涂料的功能方面的内容。
31.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“You can't buy the paint just yet， but researchers are partnering with a company to put the paint on the market.”可知，研究人员希望看到这种涂料在商业上的应用。
D
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了发表在《科学报告》上的一项研究表明，人类对道德困境的反应可能会受到人工智能聊天机器人ChatGPT所写语句的影响。文章介绍了研究开展的经过以及发现，最后提到了解决聊天机器人影响的方法。
32.A 推理判断题。根据第二段中“They found that ChatGPT wrote random statements arguing both for and against sacrificing one life， indicating that it is not biased towards a certain moral stance (立场).”可推知，ChatGPT对某种道德立场的回答不一致。
33.C 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“This indicates that participants may have underestimated the influence of ChatGPT's statements on their own moral judgments.”可知，参与者在不知不觉中受到了ChatGPT的影响。
34.D 段落大意题。最后一段主要讲解决聊天机器人影响人类道德判断力的方法。
35.D 标题归纳题。根据第一段中“Human responses to moral dilemmas can be influenced by statements written by the artificial intelligence chatbot ChatGPT， according to a study published in Scientific Reports.”以及倒数第二段中“This indicates that participants may have underestimated the influence of ChatGPT's statements on their own moral judgments.”并结合文章介绍了研究开展的经过以及发现，最后提到了解决聊天机器人影响的方法可知，D选项最符合文章标题。
第二节
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的象棋。
36.D 上文描述了下象棋的景象，下文“Xiangqi dates back as early as the Warring States period.”介绍象棋可以追溯到战国时代，所以空处应该指出这个游戏是象棋，D项符合逻辑关系。
37.B 上文介绍象棋在中国历史悠久，很受欢迎。这里是按时间顺序：战国时期—唐朝，所以空处应该按照时间讲唐朝之后的一个时期，象棋的发展情形。B项符合时间逻辑关系。
38.A 空处位于段末，应承接上文。根据上文“Like Western chess， the object of the game is to capture the other player's ‘king’.”推知，空处应该讲述中国象棋中的“王”，A项符合题意。
39.C 上文提到中国象棋中有个空间是象不能越过的；下文“This space refers to an area in China where Liu Bang and Xiang Yu had a life or death war.”提到这个空间就是刘邦和项羽打生死战的地方，所以空处应是对这个空间进行定义，C项符合逻辑。
40.F 上文提到楚河汉界是一种隐喻，因此下象棋时棋盘也是个战场，人们看到这个名字就好像沉浸在硝烟四起、战鼓喧天的战争场面。F项符合逻辑。
第三部分 语言运用
第一节
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了父亲在作者七岁时的一个晚上抱他到海滩看流星，激发了他的好奇心。进而提到好的父母都知道给孩子的最珍贵的礼物就是激发他们的好奇心。
41.C 根据下文“and carried in his father's arms on to the beach”可知，此处指他被父亲从床上抱起来。
42.A 根据上文“Watch！”及下文“one of the stars moved”可知，一颗星星在他父亲说话的时候开始移动，这让人觉得不可思议。
43.D 根据下文“across the sky like a golden fire.And before the 44 of this could fade，another star leapt from its place，then another...”可知，此处指星星划过夜空，故选D。
44.B 根据上文“one of the stars moved”及下文“another star leapt from its place，then another...”可知，一颗接着一颗星星不断地在天空中划过，这是一个奇观。
45.A 根据上文“one of the stars moved”及“another star leapt from its place，then another...”可知，星星一颗接着一颗从天空中划过的景象让孩子很惊讶。
46.B 根据上文“one of the stars moved”及“another star leapt from its place，then another...”可知，此处指每年八月的某个晚上流星都会出现。
47.D 根据上文“Shooting stars.”及下文“encounter with something magic and beautiful”可知，此处指男孩意外看到流星。
48.C 根据前文讲述的男孩意外看到流星的事情可知，此处作者说自己就是那个幸运的男孩。
49.B 根据上文“a new experience ”及下文“more for a small boy than an unbroken night's sleep”可知，此处指新的经历更重要。
50.A 根据前文“whose father believed that a new experience 49 more for a small boy than an unbroken night's sleep”及下文“This art of adding new dimensions to a child's world”可知，此处指父亲带“我”看到流星现象，让“我”了解到新事物。
51.C 根据前文“my father opened a door for his child，leading him into an area”可知，此处指孩子要有人引导。
52.D 根据下文“It simply 53 doing things more often with children instead of for them or to them.”可知，此处指给孩子的世界增添新维度的艺术并不一定需要很多时间。
53.A 根据上文“doesn't 52 require a great deal of time”和下文“doing things more often with children”可知，为孩子的世界增添新维度需要父母和孩子们一起做事。
54.B 根据上文“Children are naturally curious”可知，此处指好的父母知道激发孩子们的好奇心。
55.D 根据下文“Next year，when August comes with its shooting stars，my son will be seven.”可知，作者打算在明年的八月份的某个夜晚带自己的七岁的孩子看流星，可推知，父亲带作者一起看流星的记忆植根于他的记忆，be rooted in，固定搭配，意为“植根于”。
第二节
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种模仿章鱼皮肤工作方式的体温调节材料。
56.which/that 考查定语从句。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是a thermoregulatory (温度调节的) material，指物，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词which/that引导。
57.fell 考查动词时态。空处为主句谓语动词，根据从句谓语动词saw可知，此处也陈述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。
58.inspired 考查非谓语动词。定语从句中已有谓语动词led，空处应填非谓语动词，inspire和逻辑主语material之间为被动关系，应用过去分词。
59.themselves 考查代词。当宾语和主语所指相同时，宾语应用反身代词；此处指“章鱼自己”，应用反身代词themselves。
60.wavelengths 考查名词复数。wavelength“波长”是可数名词，被different修饰，应用其复数形式。
61.development 考查名词。空处应填名词构成名词所有格，development“开发”是不可数名词。
62.to create 考查非谓语动词。be used to do“被用来做……”，不定式作目的状语。
63.from 考查介词。keep...from...“使……免受……(的伤害)”是固定短语。
64.the 考查冠词。此处特指上文提到的那种新型温度调节材料，应用定冠词修饰。
65.easily 考查副词。修饰形容词reusable应用所给词的副词形式。
第四部分 写作
第一节
【参考范文】
Recently，our school English newspaper has conducted a survey on what English extracurricular reading brings us.
The survey shows the most percentage，up to 78.2%，goes to Interest in English，which is important for reading achievement.When people read extensively，they become better writers and 73.8% of the students think so.60.5% of the students believe that extracurricular reading helps them improve sense of language.
English extracurricular reading has a lot to offer.Let's read for pleasure，for proficiency and for wisdom！
第二节
【参考范文】
Quickly finishing their dinner，the pair went upstairs and started planning.Maria and Peter decided to take advantage of the Internet.“Maybe we can write an article to arouse people's awareness，” Maria proposed.“Good idea！ We can also make a video！” Peter added.The next few hours witnessed their heated discussion and growing confidence in a clean and beautiful coast.The next day，they went to the beach and filmed a short video showing plastic bags lying on the beach and floating in the sea.Peter，who was good at writing，wrote an article talking about the present situation of the beach and asking people to take part in the clean up.
Excited and nervous，they posted the video and article on social media.To their amazement，their post went viral online immediately.Countless comments flooded in saying how heartbroken they were when looking at the polluted beach and ocean.What amazed Maria and Peter more was that numerous people in their community，encouraged by their efforts，offered to join in their clean up.More and more people came to the beach to collect plastic bags and they also appealed to others to avoid throwing or using plastic bags.A year later，with their joint and continuous effort，the coast regained its beauty and Maria and Peter regained their long awaited pleasure.
