中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
be动词的一般现在时用法讲解与练习
一般现在时表示现在经常反复发生的动作、存在的状态或习惯性的动作的时态。可概括为①经常性或习惯性动作;②长期存在的特征或状态;③普遍真理、客观事实等。
1. be动词的一般现在时
be动词是系动词的一种,表示“……是……”的意思。现在式(The Present Forms)有am,is,are三种。这三种动词的原形是be,所以它们称为be动词。我们常用be动词的一般现在时谈论事实和状态。如:
I am from China. He is 12 years old. We are very happy.
2. be动词的现在式
be动词的现在式有am,is,are三种,分别接在不同人称的主语之后:
be 的用法口诀 :
我用am,你用are,
is连着他,她,它;
单数名词用is,复数名词全用are。
变疑问,往前提,句末问号莫丢弃。
变否定,更容易,be后not莫忘记。
疑问否定任你变,句首大写莫迟疑。
3. be动词句型的构成
肯定句:主语 + be动词(am/is/are)...
否定句:主语 + be动词(am/is/are) + not...
疑问句:一般疑问句:be动词(am/is/are) + 主语...
特殊疑问句:疑问代词/疑问副词 + be动词(am/is/are) + 主语...
(即特殊疑问词+一般疑问句?)
3.1 be动词的肯定句
句型:主语 + be动词...
be动词的肯定句由“主语 + be动词(am/is/are) + 表语”构成:
I am a doctor.我是一名医生。
Mary is at work.玛丽在工作。
It is a nice day.今天天气晴朗。
You are my only friend.你是我惟一的朋友。
They are students.他们是学生。
如果主语是代词,在非正式文体行文中,动词be与前面的主语可以缩写。如:
I am=I’m You are=You’re She is=She’s He is=He’s
It is=It’s We are=We’re They are=They’re
3.2 be动词的否定句:
句型:主语 + be动词(am/is/are) + not...
be动词一般现在时的否定句结构,是在be动词am,is,are之后加not。
We aren't her classmates.我们不是她的同班同学。
I'm not Tom.我不是汤姆。(I'm是I am的缩写,读作/aim/。)
It's not a cat,but a dog.这不是猫,而是狗。
Things are not always what they seem(to be).事物并不总是与表象一致。
be动词否定句的缩写方式:
is not的缩写是isn't,读作/′iznt/;are not的缩写是aren't,读作/a:nt/;I am~的否定句是I am not~,缩写为I'm not~;am not不缩写在一起。
3.3 be动词的一般疑问句
----Is this your book -----Yes, it is. / No, it isn’t.
/一般疑问句/ /肯定回答/ /否定回答/
概念:一般疑问句用于询问某事物或情况是否属实,句末用升调;通常需要对方做出肯定或否定回答,答句中一般有yes或no。
形态:有be引导的一般疑问句,其结构“be(am, is, are ) +主语+其他部分?”be的形式随后面主语的变化而变化,且首字母要大写。
------Are you a student 你是一名学生吗? -------Yes, I am.是的,我是。
be句式口诀
be动词好伟大,生出am,is还有are。
变否定很简单,not加在be后边。
变疑问也不难,be要移到主语前。
还有一点要牢记,句末问号别丢弃。
1、一般疑问句的肯定回答和否定回答
肯定回答:Yes, 主语+be.(主语与be动词不能缩写在一起)
否定回答:No, 主语+ be + not.(be动词常与not缩写在一起,一般不分开,但am与not不可缩写,此时应写为I’m not.)
因为回答必须是三部分,所以否定回答必须缩写,而肯定回答不能缩写。
-----Is Mary nine 玛丽九岁大吗?
-----Yes, she is.是的,她是。(肯定回答)
-----No, she isn’t.不,她不是。(否定回答)
2、回答一般疑问句时,答句的主语应根据问句中的主语使用与其相对应的人称代词, 但必须用主格代词。具体情况如以下口诀:
(
回答一般疑问句主语变化口诀
我是I,你(你们)是you,we是我们表复数。
男士he,女士she,所有复数都用they;it是“它”代指单数。物。
如果问句中是you(你,你们),答语要用I(我)或we(我们)。
问句this/that作主语,答句it来代替。
)
如果主语是this, that, 回答时用it代替; 如果主语是these, those, 回答时用they代替。
注意:陈述句变一般疑问句时,如果主语为第一人称,应将其改为第二人称。如
I’m in Class 2 Grade 1. → Are you in Class 2 Grade 1
We’re watching TV. → Are you watching TV
3、在朗读一般疑问句时,要用升调。其简略答语用降调。
——Is it a ruler
——Yes, it is.
Be动词一般现在时专项练习
一、用be的适当形式填空
1.---How____ you --- I____ fine.
2.I___ David, and my family name___ Green.
3.---What color ___ your clock --- It___ white.
4.---What___ this in English ---It___ an apple.
5.Toy___my brother. David____my brother, too. They ___ my brothers.
6.Look! These____ apple trees.
7.We____ good students and you____ a good teacher.
8.My sister and my brother_____ students.
9. You, he and I ______ from China.
10. _____ your sister at home
11. ______ David and Helen from England
12. One of the students ______ from the USA.
13. This pair of glasses _______ mine. Mine is at home.
14. _______ there any kites in the classroom
15. _______ there any apple juice in the bottle
16. Kate with her family _______ in Beijing.
17. There _______ a boy, two girls, three men and ten women in the park.
18.Ten years _______ a long time.
19. Don’t ______ late for school.
20. I want _________ a good football player when I grow up.
二 、将下面的句子变成一般疑问句并作出回答
1. That is my football.
2. Those are his books.
3. Jim and Tom are good friends.
4. My birthday is November 1st.
5. His son is twelve years old.
三、将下面的句子变成否定句
1. His card is on the table.
2. These are my parents.
3. Bob and Tony are our friends.
4. These things are five dollars.
5. The girl is his sister.
答案:
一、
1. are, am 2. am, is 3. is, is 4. is, is 5. is, is, are 6. are 7. are, are 8. are
9. are 10. Is 11.Are 12. is 13. isn’t 14. Are 15. Is 16. is 17. is (就近原则) 18. is(数字作主语视为单数) 19. be 20. to be
二、
1. Is that your football Yes, it is./No, it isn’t.
2. Are those his books Yes, they are./No, they aren’t.
3. Are Jim and Tom good friends Yes, they are./No, they aren’t.
4. Is your birthday November 1st Yes, it is./No, it isn’t.
5. Is his son twelve years old Yes, he is./No, he isn’t.
三、
1. His card is not on the table.
2. These are not my parents.
3. Bob and Tony are not our friends.
4. These things are not five dollars.
5. The girl is not his sister.
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