2025高考英语写作(申请信)写作指南
一、申请信概述
申请信在高考英语作文中是一种常见的书信类型,可用于申请工作、实习、奖学金、学校项目、志愿者活动等。写申请信时,需明确表达申请目的,并提供支持申请的相关信息,突出自身优势与申请事项的契合度,让收信人认可你的申请。例如申请参加国际交流项目,要阐述自己对跨文化交流的热情、语言能力及相关经历,展现自己能从项目中收获成长,也能为项目带来价值。
二、基本结构
(一)称呼
1. 正式场合:不清楚收信人姓名时,用“Dear Sir/Madam” ;知道对方姓名且是正式商务、学术等场景,用“Dear Mr./Mrs./Ms. + 姓氏”,如“Dear Mr. Smith”。
2. 半正式或熟人情况:给老师、不太熟但有一定交往的人写信,用“Dear + 名字”,像“Dear Professor Wang” ;若是申请加入社团、参加校内活动等,收信人是社团负责人、活动组织者等熟悉度稍高的对象,也可这样称呼 。
(二)开头
1. 表明写信目的:简洁明了地阐述申请内容,如 “I am writing to apply for the volunteer position in the upcoming environmental protection campaign”(我写信是为了申请即将到来的环保活动中的志愿者职位) ;“I would like to apply for the scholarship provided by your foundation”(我想申请贵基金会提供的奖学金) 。
2. 引起对方兴趣(可选):可以提及对相关组织、活动的积极评价或自身对其的向往,吸引收信人继续阅读 。比如,“I have always admired the outstanding contributions your organization has made to promoting cultural exchanges, and I am eager to be a part of it by applying for the volunteer interpreter position”(我一直钦佩贵组织在促进文化交流方面所做出的杰出贡献,我渴望通过申请志愿者翻译职位成为其中一员) 。
(三)主体
1. 个人背景介绍:简要说明自己身份,如 “I am Li Hua, a senior student from Xinhua High School, majoring in Science”(我是李华,新华高中一名理科高三学生) 。若有相关学习经历、工作经验等,也可在此提及,“I have been actively involved in various scientific research projects during my high school years, which have equipped me with strong research and problem - solving skills”(高中期间我积极参与各类科研项目,这使我具备了很强的研究和解决问题的能力) 。
2. 申请理由阐述:这是主体核心,从自身兴趣、能力优势、过往经验等方面阐述。例如申请实习工作,“I am particularly interested in this internship because it aligns perfectly with my career aspirations in the field of marketing. I have a strong passion for analyzing market trends and creating innovative marketing strategies”(我对这次实习特别感兴趣,因为它与我在市场营销领域的职业抱负完美契合。我对分析市场趋势和制定创新营销策略有着浓厚的兴趣) ;强调能力优势,“I possess excellent communication and teamwork skills, which I believe are essential for this position. In my previous group projects, I was often responsible for coordinating team members and ensuring the smooth progress of the tasks”(我拥有出色的沟通和团队合作能力,我认为这对这个职位至关重要。在之前的小组项目中,我经常负责协调团队成员并确保任务顺利进行) ;讲述过往经验,“Last summer, I interned at a local marketing agency, where I gained practical experience in market research and social media marketing. This experience has given me a solid foundation and a better understanding of the marketing industry”(去年夏天,我在当地一家营销机构实习,在那里我获得了市场调研和社交媒体营销的实践经验。这段经历为我打下了坚实的基础,也让我对营销行业有了更深入的了解) 。
3. 未来规划说明(可选):提及若申请成功后的计划,展示自己的积极性和责任心 。如申请奖学金,“If I am fortunate enough to receive this scholarship, I will use the funds to further my studies, participate in relevant academic conferences, and contribute to research projects in my field”(如果我有幸获得这笔奖学金,我将用这笔资金继续深造,参加相关学术会议,并为我所在领域的研究项目做出贡献) 。
(四)结尾
1. 表达感谢:如“Thank you for taking the time to consider my application”(感谢您抽出时间考虑我的申请) 。
2. 期待回复:“I look forward to your favorable reply at your earliest convenience”(期待您在方便时尽早给予肯定答复) ;“I am eagerly waiting for your response, hoping to have the opportunity to discuss my application further with you”(我热切期待您的回复,希望有机会能与您进一步讨论我的申请) 。
3. 提供联系方式(可选):若有必要,可留下电话号码或电子邮箱 ,“You can contact me at 123 - 456 - 7890 or via email at lihua@”(您可以拨打123 - 456 - 7890或通过邮箱lihua@与我联系) 。
(五)署名
在信的右下角,写上自己的姓名 ,正式信件用全名,如 “Sincerely, Li Hua” ;若是不太正式场合或与收信人较熟,可用昵称等,但考试时一般用给定名字 。
三、写作技巧
(一)语言运用
1. 使用正式规范语言:避免口语化、随意的表达 。例如,用“therefore”代替“so”,“in addition”代替“and also” ;“I am of the opinion that...”(我认为……)比“I think...”更正式 。
2. 丰富词汇和句式:使用高级词汇提升文章档次 。如描述能力强,用“proficient”“competent”代替“good at” ;运用多样句式,像定语从句“I have participated in many activities, which have greatly improved my comprehensive abilities”(我参加了许多活动,这些活动极大地提高了我的综合能力) ;状语从句“Since I have a strong interest in this field, I am eager to apply for this opportunity”(由于我对这个领域有浓厚的兴趣,我渴望申请这个机会) ;倒装句“Not only do I have relevant experience, but I also possess strong learning ability”(我不仅有相关经验,还具备很强的学习能力) 。
(二)逻辑构建
1. 条理清晰:运用连接词和过渡语,使文章层次分明 。如阐述申请理由时,用“firstly, secondly, thirdly”“for one thing, for another”“moreover, furthermore, in addition”等 。例如,“Firstly, I have a profound interest in this project. Secondly, I have the necessary skills and knowledge to contribute. Moreover, my previous experience has prepared me well for this challenge”(首先,我对这个项目有着浓厚的兴趣。其次,我有必要的技能和知识做出贡献。此外,我之前的经验使我为迎接这个挑战做好了充分准备) 。
2. 结构紧凑:各段落内容紧密围绕申请主题展开,开头引出申请,主体阐述理由,结尾表达感谢和期待,前后呼应 。
(三)内容要点
1. 突出优势:紧密结合申请事项,强调自身独特优势 。比如申请英语演讲比赛,突出自己的英语语言能力、演讲经验和技巧 ,“I have won several English speech contests before, and I am proficient in public speaking skills, such as body language and voice modulation”(我之前多次在英语演讲比赛中获奖,并且精通公众演讲技巧,如肢体语言和语调调节) 。
2. 具体详实:用具体事例和数据支撑观点 。说自己有团队合作能力,可举例“Last semester, in a group science project, our team faced numerous difficulties. However, through effective communication and cooperation, we overcame all the problems and achieved excellent results, ranking first in the class”(上学期,在一个小组科学项目中,我们团队面临许多困难。然而,通过有效的沟通与合作,我们克服了所有问题,取得了优异成绩,在班级中排名第一) 。
四、常见错误及应对策略
(一)内容空洞
1. 错误表现:只笼统说自己“能力强”“很适合”,无具体事例支撑 。如“我有很强的沟通能力,很适合这份工作”,未提及如何体现沟通能力强 。
2. 应对方法:多列举具体经历,如在学生会工作时如何与不同同学交流合作完成任务,或在社团活动中如何通过沟通解决矛盾等 。
(二)语言错误
1. 错误表现:语法错误,像主谓不一致、时态混乱、词性误用;词汇拼写错误;中式英语表达 。如“He go to school by bike every day”(应是“He goes to school by bike every day”) ;“I very like English”(应是“I like English very much”) 。
2. 应对方法:加强语法和词汇学习,多练习写作,写完认真检查 ;积累常见错误类型,分析原因,避免再犯 ;通过阅读英语范文、文章等,学习地道表达 。
(三)逻辑混乱
1. 错误表现:申请理由叙述无序,段落间、句子间缺乏逻辑联系 。比如先讲自己性格开朗,接着突然说有相关证书,未阐述性格与申请事项及证书之间的关联 。
2. 应对方法:写作前列提纲,规划好各段内容和顺序 ;使用连接词和过渡语,体现逻辑关系 ;写完后检查文章连贯性,调整不合理之处 。
五、真题示例剖析
(一)真题呈现
(2024·[省份]·高考真题)假定你是李华,学校国际交流中心正在招募志愿者,负责接待来访的国外学生。请写一封申请信,内容包括:
1. 写信目的;
2. 个人优势(如英语能力、沟通能力等);
3. 能为来访学生做的事情。
(二)参考范文
Dear Sir/Madam,
I am Li Hua, a senior student from No. 1 High School. I am writing to apply for the volunteer position at the school international exchange center.
I have several advantages that make me a suitable candidate. Firstly, I have a good command of English. I have been learning English for over ten years and often participate in English - speaking competitions. Last year, I won the first prize in the city - wide English speech contest. Secondly, I am an outgoing and communicative person. I have rich experience in communicating with international students. I once took part in an international cultural exchange activity and made many foreign friends.
If I am lucky enough to be selected, I will show the foreign students around our school, introduce our campus culture and traditional Chinese culture to them. I can also help them with their daily life, such as ordering meals in the cafeteria and finding books in the library.
Thank you for considering my application. I am looking forward to your reply.
Sincerely,
Li Hua
(三)范文分析
1. 结构完整:开头表明写信目的申请志愿者;主体阐述英语能力、沟通能力等个人优势,并列举获奖、参加交流活动等具体事例;结尾表达感谢和期待回复 。
2. 内容具体:对能为来访学生做的事情描述详细,如带他们参观校园、介绍文化、协助日常生活等 。
3. 语言准确丰富:使用“have a good command of”“outgoing”“communicative”等高级词汇 ;运用定语从句“I once took part in an international cultural exchange activity and made many foreign friends”,使文章增色 。