2025年人教版八年级英语下册Unit 1 What's the matter?单元知识清单（学案）

2025人教版八年级英语下册unit 1单元知识清单
Section A
基础知识清单
Words 1.stomach n.胃：腹部 2.neck n.颈：脖子 3.throat n.咽喉；喉咙 4.fever n.发烧 5.cough n. 咳嗽 6.break n.间歇；休息/v.打破 7.trouble n. 问题；苦恼 8.sore adj .疼痛的，酸痛的 9.passenger n.乘客；旅客 10. headache n.头痛 11. stomachache n. 胃痛：腹痛 12. toothache n.牙痛 13. hurt v.(使)疼痛；受伤--hurt (pt.)--hurt (pp.) 14. lie v .躺--lay(pt .)-- lain(pp.) --lying (现在分词) 15. advice n.建议--advise v.建议
Phrases What’s the matter (with you) 怎么了？出什么事了？ = What’s the trouble (with…) = What’s the problem (with…) = What’s wrong (with…) have a cold 感冒 catch a cold 感冒 have the flu 得了流感 have a stomachache 肚子疼 have a sore back 背疼 have a sore throat 嗓子疼 have a fever 发烧= have a temperature have a cough 咳嗽 have a toothache 牙疼 have a headache 头疼 lie down 躺下(lie – lay – lain) see a dentist 看牙医 get an X-ray 拍X光 take one’s temperature 量体温 sound like + n. sound + adj. on the weekend 在周末 = on weekends need to do 需要做… take breaks (away from…)休息(远离…) = take a break have a rest 休息 in the same way 以相同的方式 without doing 没有做某事 go along 沿着…走 see sb. doing看见某人正在做 see sb. do 看见某人做某事(全过程) next to 紧挨着 shout for help 呼救 think twice 认真思考，权衡利弊 get off 下车 get on 上车 have a heart problem 有心脏病 take sb. to 带某人去… expect sb. to do 期待某人做某事 to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶的是 agree to do 同意做某事 thanks to… 多亏了 in time 及时 on time 按时 save a life 拯救生命 right away 立刻 get into trouble 陷入麻烦
Sentences 1.-What's the matter(with you) （你）怎么了？ －I have a stomachache. 我胃痛。 －You shouldn't eat so much next time. 你下次不应该吃这么多。 2.-What should I do 我该怎么办？ －You should lie down and rest. 你应该躺下休息一下。 3.-Do you have a fever 你发烧了吗？ －Yes,I do./No,I don't. 是的，我发烧了。／不，我没有发烧。 4. -Does he have a toothache 他牙痛吗？ －Yes,he does. 是的，他牙痛。 －He should see a dentist and get an X-ray. 他应该看牙医并拍X光片。 5. -Should I put some medicine on it 我应该敷药吗？ －Yes,you should./No, you shouldn't. 是的，你应该敷药。／不，你不应该敷药。 6. Thanks to Mr. Wang and the passengers, the man was saved by the doctors in time. 多亏了王先生和乘客们，医生及时挽救了老人的性命。 7. It's sad that many people don't want to help others because they don't want any trouble. 许多人因为不想有麻烦而不想帮助别人，这真令人难受。 8. If your head and neck still hurt tomorrow, then go to a doctor. 如果你的头和脖子明天仍然疼痛，那么就要去看医生了。
Grammar 1. 疾病的表达方法 2. 建议的表达 3. 情态动词should 的用法 4. 反身代词的用法
知识点清单
知识点①：She talked too much yesterday and didn’t drink enough water.
她昨天说话太多了并且没有喝足够的水。
【解析1】too much/too many/much too
短语 含义 用法 例句
too much 太多 后接不可数名词 There is too much rain these days
修饰动词，放在动词之后 Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes.
too many 太多 后接可数名词复数 There are too many things for me to do every day.
much too 太 修饰形容词或副词 It’s much too cold in winter.
【解析2】enough 的用法★
(1) adj.足够的，充分的 修饰名词时，可放在名词之前或之后Ex. enough time
(2) adv. “足够地， 十分，相当”修饰adj./adv,放在adj./adv 后 Ex. expensive enough
(3) be +adj. +enough to do sth. Ex. be strong enough to carry the box.
知识点②：You need to take break away from the computer. 你需要远离电脑，休息休息。
【解析】need 在此处作实义动词，意为“需要”，后可接名词、代词、动名词及带to的动词不定式作宾语。
need v 需要
◆用于肯定句是实义动词,变成否定句或疑问句，要借助助动词do/does/did
need (1)人做主语 need + 名词 需要某物 I need your help.
(2)主语是人，表示人主动的动作 sb need to do sth 某人需要做某事 Do you need to drink more water
(3)主语通常是物，表示被动的动作 sth need doing sth = sth need to be done 某物需要被做 My TV set needs repairing.
◆need用于否定句是情态动词,后跟动词原形。
①needn’t = don’t have to 没有必要
②must 开头的一般疑问句,肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn’t
【拓展】need 作情态动词，意为“需要，必须”，无人称和数的变化，否定式为needn’t, 后面一般接动作原形。
Need I finish the work today 我需要今天完成这项工作吗？
Yes, you need./ No, you needn’t. 是的，你必须。/不，你不必。
知识点③：At 9: 00 a.m. yesterday, bus No. 26 was going along Zhonghua Road when the driver saw an old man lying on the side of the road. 昨天上午九点, 二十六路公交车正沿着中华路行驶; 突然司机看到一位老人躺在路边。
（1）本句是一个含有时间状语从句的复合句，句式结构如下：
At 9: 00 a.m. yesterday, [ bus No. 26 was going along Zhonghua Road] [when the driver saw an old man lying on
the side of the road.]
when引导时间状语从句，除常有＂当……时＂之意外，放在过去进行时构成的主句之后，还意为＂就在此/那时；突然＂，相当于at this/that time。
（2）see sb doing sth与see sb do sth
see sb doing sth 看见某人正在做某事(看见动作正在进行)
see sb do sth 看见某人做某事(看见动作全过程或经常性的动作)
I often see him play basketball after school. 我经常看见他放学后打篮球。
I saw him playing the piano in the music room just now. 我刚刚看见他正在音乐室弹钢琴。
【魔法记忆】
v.＋sb＋doing/do的常见动词： 一感(feel)，二听(listen to，hear)，四看(see，look at, watch, notice)
知识点④：He got off and asked the woman what happened. 他下车问那位妇女发生了什么事。
get off意为＂下车＂，其反义短语为get on＂上车＂。
Excuse me, I have to get off at the next stop. 劳驾，我必须在下一站下车。
He got off at Guangming Road. 他在光明路下车了。
Don’t get on the No.8 bus. 不要上8路公交车
【归纳拓展】 常见get构成的短语：
知识点⑤：But to his surprise, they all agreed to go with him. 但使他惊讶的是, 他们都同意和他一起去。
（1）to one’s surprise意为＂使……惊讶的；出乎……意料＂，一般位于句首。其中one’s是形容词性物主代词或名词所有格。
To my surprise, I won the first prize in yesterday’s English speech contest. 令我惊奇的是，在昨天的英语演讲比赛中我获得了一等奖。
To his surprise, the plan succeeded. 让他吃惊的是，那个计划成功了。
【知识拓展】
surprise 动词 surprise sb
surprise 名词 to one’s surprise，give sb a surprise，in surprise
surprising 形容词 常修饰物
surprised 形容词 be surprised at sth 常用人作主语 be surprised to do sth be surprised that
surprisingly 副词
I don’t want to surprise her. 我不想让她惊讶。
Let’s give Mom a surprise! 咱们给妈妈一个惊喜吧！
What surprising news! 多么令人惊讶的消息呀！
I was surprised at the news. 我对这个消息感到意外。
She looked surprisingly well. 她看上去身体出奇地好。
（2）agree意为＂同意＂，作动词。常用结构：agree to do sth意为＂同意做某事＂。
I agree to help Mary with her Chinese. 我同意帮助玛丽学习汉语。
知识点⑥：He expected most or all of the passengers to get off and wait for the next bus.
他期待大部分或所有乘客下车去等待下一辆公交车。
(1) expect to do sth 预计做某事
(2) expect sb. to do sth 期待某人做某事= look forward to doing sth 期待做某事
(3)I expect so/not 我期待是这样/不是这样
知识点⑦：Thanks to Mr. Wang and the passengers, the doctors saved the man in time.
多亏王先生和乘客们，医生及时挽救了那位老人。
(1) thanks to…多亏…,由于…
短语 含义 用法
Thanks to “由于”、“多亏” to表示感谢的对象, thanks不可以改为thank you，to后也不接动词原形
Thanks for “因……而感谢” for强调为何而感谢，其后可接名词或 v-ing thanks相当于 thank you
【记】 Thanks to Tom, I wasn’t late this morning, so thanks again for Tom’s help.
【拓展】thanks for…为…而感谢…
Thanks for you kindness.感谢你的善良。
【考点分析2】on time 准时/in time 及时
on time = at exactly the right time. 准时（在规定的时间之内） 强调与某个时刻一致
in time = with enough time to spare/ not late 及时（恰在时间点上） 表示动作在规定时间内或比规定时间提前发生
【记】She didn’t catch the ___________, so she couldn’t arrive there __________.
【拓展】与time相关的短语：
at times=sometimes 有时 have a good time 玩得高兴
have time =be free 有空 all the time 一直
at the same time 同时 by the time 到……时候
for the first time 第一次
【句型】 It’s time to do sth =It’s time for sth 是该做某事的时间了
It takes sb. some time to do sth 做某事花费某人多长时间s
知识点⑧：Thanks to Mr. Wang and the passengers, the doctors saved the man in time.
lie v. 躺，平躺
lie的各种含义
lie v. 躺，位于，平放 lay—lain—lying You should lie down. 你应该躺下。 His school lies in the north of the city. 他的学校位于城北。
lie v. 说谎 lied—lied—lying He often lies. 他经常说谎。
lie n. 谎言 lies(复数) He often tells lies. 他经常说谎。
【巧学妙记】
lie的用法口诀 规则是说谎(lie lied lied), 不规则是躺(lie lay lain)。
【拓展】
lay v. 下蛋，放置
The hens lay a lot of eggs every day. 母鸡每天下很多蛋。
Please lay the table before dinner. 饭前请摆好餐具。
知识点⑨：Thanks to Mr. Wang and the passengers, the doctors saved the man in time.
without prep. 没有，缺乏
（1）without后接名词、代词宾格或v-ing作宾语，其反义词为with。
We got there without any trouble. 我们到了那儿，一路上没遇到任何麻烦。
Can you finish your homework without him 没有他你能完成你的家庭作业吗？
She left the room without saying a word. 她一句话没有说就离开了房间。
（2）without用于否定句，还可以表示条件，意为＂如果没有＂，相当于if引导的否定条件句。
We couldn’t live without air.
＝We couldn’t live if there weren’t air.
如果没有空气，我们就不能活。
知识点10：I think I sat① in the same way for too long ②without moving.（2d)
我想我保持同样的坐姿太久了而没有动。
【考点分析1】in the same way以同样的方式
【拓展】与way 相关的短语
all the way 一路上 by way of 经由，通过 …… 方式
in no way 决不 get in the way 挡道
by the way 顺便提一下，另外 in one's / the way 妨碍，阻碍
in a way 在某点，在某种程度上 in this way 用这种方法
lead the way 带路，引路 lose one's way 迷路
on the / one's way (to) 在去……的路上
【考点分析2】without prep 没有；缺乏（反）with (后跟Ving)
without doing sth.没有做某事
语法清单
语法①：疾病的表达方式
疾病的询问What’s the matter 怎么啦？出什么事情了？★
【解析】matter n.问题；事情，常用于句型What’s the matter(with sb. )中。
用来询问某人患了何种疾病或遇到了何种麻烦。
比如. — What’s the matter with you — I have a bad cold.
其他类似表达还有：
＂(你)怎么了？＂各种常见表达： What’s the matter (with you) ＝What’s the trouble (with you) ＝What’s the problem (with you) ＝What’ s wrong (with you)？ ＝What’s up ＝What happened
matter 和trouble 为名词，其前可加the 或形容词性物主代词，wrong 是adj. 不能加the
疾病的表达： have a/an + 疾病名词 “患……病”
类似的短语：
have a fever 发烧 have a cold =catch a cold 患感冒
have a cough 咳嗽
have a stomachache 患胃痛 have a toothache 患牙痛
have a headache 患头痛 have a backache 患背痛
have a sore throat 患喉咙痛 have a sore back 患背痛
身体部位+ache（疼痛）构成新的复合词
stomach+ache=stomachache head+ache=headache
tooth+ache=toothache back+ache=backache后背痛
语法②：2. 表达建议的句型
You should drink more warm water. (多喝热水)
You should lie down and take/have a break/rest. (躺下休息)
You should take your temperature. (量体温)
You should take some medicine. (吃点药)
You should see/go to a doctor/dentist. (看医生/牙医)
You should do…
You are supposed to do…
You’d better do…
What about / How about doing …
Why don’t you do…
Why not do…
It’s best for you to do …
It’s important for sb. to do sth.
If you...,you should...
语法③：情态动词should的用法
【教材原句】You shouldn't eat so much next time.你下次不应该吃这么多了。
1.用法
should作情态动词，意为“应该”，可用于所有人称，表示劝告、建议或表示有责任（或义务）去做某事。
其后跟动词原形，和动词原形一起构成谓语。
2.形式
肯定句：主语＋should+动词原形（＋其他）。
否定句：主语＋should not/shouldn't+动词原形（＋其他）。
一般疑问句：Should+主语＋动词原形（＋其他）？
特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋should+主语＋动词原形（＋其他）？
You should make your bed.你应该自己铺床。
You shouldn't throw the rubbish here and there.你不应该到处扔垃圾。
Should I take my temperature first 我应该先量体温吗？
What should I do 我应该做什么？
语法④：反身代词的用法
1.反身代词的构成反身代词是一种表示反射或强调的代词。它由第一人称、第二人称的形容词性物主代词和第三人称代词的宾格加词尾-self或?selves构成。
其构成如下表：
人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
单数 myself 我自己 yourself 你自己 himself他自己herself她自己itself它自己
复数 ourselves 我们自己 yourselves 你们自己 themselves 它们自己
反身代词与它所指代的名词或代词形成互指关系，两者在人称和数上应保持一致。
例句:The girl can dress herself.这个女孩能给自己穿衣服。
I enjoyed myself at the party.在聚会上，我玩得很开心。
2.反身代词的用法
(1)作动词的宾语。
常与反身代词连用的动词有enjoy，help，dress，hurt，teach，wash等。
常见词组有:look after oneself/take care of oneself照顾自己
teach oneself sth./learn sth.by oneself自学
help oneself to sth.请自用……（随便吃/喝些……）
enjoy oneself玩得高兴；过得愉快
say to oneself自言自语
lose oneself in沉浸于，陶醉于……之中
leave sb.by oneself把某人单独留下
introduce oneself介绍自己
例句:He teaches himself English.他自学英语。
(2)作介词的宾语，常和by构成固定短语，表示“独立地；单独地”。
例句:The little girl went to school by herself.小女孩独自一人去上学了。
(3)反身代词可以在句中作同位语，起强调作用，置于名词、代词的后面或句末，表示“自己；亲自”。
例句:He himself built the rocket.他自己建造了那支火箭。
(4)反身代词还可作表语。
例句:He is not himself today.他今天有点不太舒服。
反身代词不能单独作主语，但可以作主语的同位语，起强调作用。
例句:我自己能完成作业。(误)Myself can finish my homework.(正)I myself can finish my homework. I can finish my homework myself.
②反身代词表示“某人自己”，不能表示“某人的东西”，因为它没有所有格的形式。表达“某人自己的（东西）”时，要用one's own.
例句:我用我自己的蜡笔画画。(误)I'm drawing with myself crayons.(正)I'm drawing with my own crayons.
Section B
基础知识清单
Words hit [hit] v.（用手或器具）击；打 bandage[ b nd d ] n.绷带 v用绷带包扎 press [pres] v 压；挤；按 sick [s k] adj. 患病的，不适的 sickness n.疾病；弊病 knee [ni:] n. 膝盖 nosebleed [ n zbli d] n 鼻出血 breathe [bri ] v. 呼吸 sunburned [ s nb nd] adj 晒伤的 ourselves [ɑ: selvz] pron. 我们自己 myself herself himself themselves risk [r sk] n. & v. 风险，危险；冒险 accident [ ksid nt] n. 意外事件；事故 accidental adj 意外的；偶然的 situation [ sitju ei n] n. 状况，形式，情况 rock [r k] n. 岩石 knife [naif] n. 刀，餐刀 mean [mi:n] v. 意味着，意思是，意欲 importance [ m p :tns] n. 重要性 important adj 重要的 decision [d 's n] n. 决心，决定，抉择 control [k n'tr l] v. 控制，支配， spirit ['sp r t] n. 勇气，意志 death [deθ] n. 死亡 dead adj 死的
Phrases fall down 摔倒 (fall – fell – fallen) have a nosebleed 流鼻血 get hit on/ in 被击打 get hit by sth cut oneself割伤自己 run it under water用水冲洗 feel sick 感到不舒服 have problems doing 做某事有困难 = have difficulty doing = have trouble doing be interested in 对…感兴趣 get sunburned 被晒伤 be used to doing 习惯于 take risks 冒险 because of +n./doing 因为 a dangerous situation 危险的境地 be caught 被困住 by oneself 独自 (sth.) run out 用尽，耗光 (sb.) run out of sth. be ready to do 准备好做某事 = be prepared to do cut off 切下 so that + 句子 为了，以便于 so + adj./adv. that 如此…，以致于… the importance of… …的重要性 make decisions to do 决定做某事 be in control of… 掌控… keep on doing 坚持做某事 the same as 和…一样 go mountain climbing 爬山 mind doing 介意做某事 give up 放弃
Sentences 1. Aron Ralston is an American man who is interested in mountain climbing. 2. Aron is used to taking risks. 3. Aron almost lost his life because of accidents. 4. He found himself in a very dangerous situation when climbing in Utah. 5. Aron’s arm was caught under a 360-kilo rock that fell on him when he was climbing by himself in the mountains. 6. But when his water ran out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life. 7. He was not ready to die that day. 8. So he used his knife to cut off half his right arm. 9. Then, with his left arm, he bandaged himself so that he would not lose too much blood. 10. Do we have the same spirit as Aron 11. before we have to make a decision that could mean life or death.
Writing 疾病的表达和建议，健康生活方式
二、知识点清单
知识点①：Someone felt sick. 有人生病了。（1b)
【考点分析】feel sick 生病；不舒服
【拓展】sick/ill 辨析
相同点 生病的
不同点 ill ill→ illness n.“病；疾病” adj.“生病的”，只能放be (系动词)后作表语 be ill in hospital 生病住院 He was ill last week.
sick adj.“生病的”， ①放be (系动词)后作表语， ②放n.前作定语。 be sick of … “讨厌；厌恶……” sick person = patient“病人” I feel a little sick.
知识点②：Someone cut his knee.有人切到他的膝盖。（1b)
【考点分析】cut v 割；切； n 伤口(cut-cut-cut - cutting )
【拓展】与cut 相关的短语：
cut oneself 切到某人自己 cut up 切碎
cut into pieces 切成碎片 cut down 砍倒
cut off 砍掉
知识点③：Someone hurt his back.有人伤到他的后背。
【考点分析】 hurt- hurt-hurt v 受伤、疼痛 hurt oneself 伤到某人自己
hurt的用法
hurt v ①受伤、疼痛 Did you hurt yourself
②感到疼 My feet hurt
③Hurt sb.侧重情感上伤到某人 I’m sorry; I didn’t mean to hurt you.
adj. 受伤的 Luckily, none of the passengers were badly hurt.
知识点④：took him to the hospital to get an X-ray.带他上医院拍X光片（1c)
【考点分析】take ... to... 带......去......
【拓展1】bring, take, carry, get, fetch辨析
bring意为“拿来；带来”，指从别处带到说话处。
take意为“拿去；带去”，指把某物(人)从说话处带到别处，
与bring 所表示的方向相反。
get表示到某地去把某物取来，相当于fetch
bring意为“搬运；携带”，没有方向性。
【拓展2】与take相关的短语：
take down 拆除；往下拽；记录 take in吸入；吞入（体内）；欺骗
take a message捎个口信；传话 take a photo拍照
take a shower淋浴；洗澡 take a trip 去旅行
take a vacation去度假 take a walk散步
take after（在外貌、性格等方面）与（父母等）相像 take an interest in...对……感兴趣
take away拿走 take breaks(take a break) 休息
take care of 照顾；照看 take care当心；小心
take it easy从容；轻松；别紧张 take notes做笔记
take off起飞；成功 take one’s temperature 量体温
take out the rubbish倒垃圾 take part in参加……；参与……
take place 发生 take pride in...对……感到自豪
take the subway乘地铁 take up占据时间、空间；开始从事；拿起
知识点⑤：As a mountain climber, Aron is used to taking risks. 作为一名登山者, 阿伦习惯于冒险。
be used to意为＂习惯于……；适应于……＂，其中to是介词，后跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式。
He is used to taking cold showers even in winter. 他习惯了甚至在冬天也用冷水淋浴。
He is used to getting up early. 他习惯于早起。
【归纳拓展】
be used to sth / doing sth 意为＂习惯于……＂，相当于短语get used to。 Be patient and you will be used to the life here soon. 耐心些！很快你就会习惯这儿的生活的。
be used to do sth (=be used for doing sth ) 意为＂被用来做某事＂，是动词use的被动结构。 Plastics can be used to make all kinds of things. 塑料能被用来制造各种各样的东西。
used to do sth 意为＂过去常做某事＂，表达过去。 I used to go to the cinema, but I hardly ever have time for films now. 我过去经常去看电影，但现在我几乎没有时间看电影了。
知识点⑥：But when his water ran out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life. 但是当他的水用尽时，他知道他必须做一些事情来拯救自己的生命。
run out作不及物动词短语，意为＂用尽；耗尽＂，主语通常是时间、金钱、水、食物等无生命名词。
His strength ran out. 他的力气用完了。
After a long walk, he ran out of his water. 长途跋涉后，他用尽了他的水。
【易混辨析】 run out与run out of
run out 是＂动词＋副词＂型动词短语，主语通常是时间、食物、金钱等名词。 His money soon ran out. 他的钱很快花完了。
run out of 作及物动词用(＝use up)，后接宾语，主语通常是人。 I have run out of my money before payday. 在发工资的日子之前我已经用尽了我的钱。
【注意】 run out of... 其原意为＂从……中跑出＂。
Lots of students ran out of the classroom to see what had happened.
很多学生从教室里跑出来看看发生了什么事。
知识点⑦：His love for mountain climbing is so great that he kept on climbing mountains even after this experience. 他对登山的热爱是如此深厚以至于在这次经历之后他还继续登山。
（1）＂so ... that...＂意为＂如此……以至于……＂，that引导结果状语从句。此句型中，so是副词，常用来修饰形容词或副词。常用句型结构为：主语+谓语+so+adj./adv.+ that从句。
The math problem is so difficult that I can’t work it out. 这道数学题是如此难以至于我解不出来。
The boy is so young that he can’t go to school. 这个男孩太小还不能去上学。
【易混辨析】 such... that与so... that的区别
(1)so+ adj./adv. adj. + a/an + _________ many/few + 可数名词复数 + that从句 much/little+___________ (2)such + a/an + adj. + 单数名词 adj. + ___________ +that从句 adj. + 复数名词
【注意】 如果so... that...句型中，that引导的从句中的主语与主句中的主语一致，在否定句中可与too... to...或not... enough to...结构转换。
He is so young that he can’t go to school. 他太小了，不能去上学。
=He is too young to go to school. =He isn’t old enough to go to school.
1. 那次聚会是如此让人激动以至于我永远都不会忘记它。
The party was _____________ _____________ _____________ I would never forget it.
2. 她是如此好的一位老师以至于所有的学生都喜欢她。
She is _____________ _____________good teacher _____________ all the students like her.
【答案】1. so exciting that　 2. such a；that
（2）keep on doing sth意为＂继续或坚持做某事＂，表示动作重复多次，中间有间隔，强调重复性。
They kept on working though it was dark. 尽管天黑了，他们却继续工作。
Don’t keep on interrupting me. 别老是跟我打岔。
【知识拓展】
①keep doing sth意为＂继续不停地做某事＂。表示动作的持续不间断、无停顿，强调连续性。 Keep walking until you reach the end of the road. 继续走，知道你到达路的尽头。 ②keep sb doing sth意为＂让某人一直做某事＂。 I’m sorry to keep you waiting. 对不起让你久等了。 ③keep sb from doing sth意为＂阻止某人做某事＂。 You shouldn’t keep him from watching cartoons. 你不该阻止他看动画片。
【魔法记忆】 英语中后接doing作宾语的词(组)
完成练习值得忙 finish, practise, be worth, be busy 继续习惯别放弃 keep on, be used to, give up 考虑建议不禁想 consider, suggest, can’t help, feel like 喜欢思念要介意 enjoy, miss, mind
知识点⑨：—Are you OK 你还好吗
—No, I don’t feel well. 不，我觉得不舒服。
feel well意为＂身体好；感觉舒服＂。其中feel意为＂感觉＂，为系动词，后常接形容词作表语。well表示健康状况时，是形容词，意为＂健康的＂。
I think I’ll go and lie down — I don’t feel well. 我想我得去躺一会儿，我感到不大舒服。
【易混辨析】 good与well的区别
good 是形容词，意为＂好的；优秀的＂，在句中常用作表语或定语。 I have a good friend. 我有一个好朋友。
well 作副词，意为＂很好地＂，常用来修饰动词，在句中作状语。 She speaks English well. 她英语说得好。
作形容词，常用来表示健康状况，意为＂健康的＂，在句中常用作表语。 I hope she is well. 我希望她身体健康。
知识点10：decision n. 决定；抉择
decision常用于短语make a decision/decisions意为＂作决定＂。
make a decision to do sth.＝decide to do sth.＝make up one’s mind to do sth. 决定做某事。
He made a decision/decided to go to New York finally. 最后他决定去纽约。
三、单元写作
【话题分析】
本单元的写作任务是会写针对健康问题提出合理化建议的短文。在写作过程中，要求同学们熟悉人体部位的表述，掌握描述人体的不适等健康问题。要注意关键词语的正确使用，并能够针对健康问题运用情态动词should和shouldn’t提出更加正确、具体和深入的合理化建议。
能表达生活中存在的健康问题，并就这些提出建议；能描述意外伤害事故，并给出合理的应对措施。
1. 能用＂have...＂表达健康问题及意外事故。
2. 能描述健康问题的状况或意外事故发生的过程及病情或受伤的程度。
3. 能用 ＂should/shouldn’t＂ 提建议。
4. 写作微技能：不同句式的表达。
【典型例题】
(2021江苏宿迁中考真题)
公众健康日（7月7日），旨在倡导“全民健康，快乐为本”的理念。随着生活水平的提高，健康越来越受到重视。你们准备组织一个关于“健康”主题的演讲活动，请你根据下面内容，准备一篇题为How to live a healthy and happy life的演讲稿。
How to live a healthy and happy life
健康包括身体（physical）健康和心理（mental）健康。
身体健康 1. 健康饮食； 2. 适当锻炼； 3. 充足睡眠。
心理健康 1. 积极乐观； 2. 与人为善； 3.……（至少一点）
希望 ……（至少一点）
注意事项：
1. 词数90左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
2. 文中不得出现真实的地名、校名、人名等信息。
How to live a healthy and happy life
Hi, my dear classmates,
With the improvement of living conditions, we are paying more and more attention to our health, which includes both physical and mental health. Then how can we students live a healthy and happy life
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all. Thank you!
【高分模板】
How to live a healthy and happy life
Hi, my dear and classmates,
With the improvement of living conditions, we are paying more and more attention to our health, which includes both physical and mental health. Then how can we students live a healthy and happy life
Firstly, we should keep our bodies healthy. Not only do we need to eat healthy food, but we also need to exercise in a proper way every day. For example, we can run for 30 minutes every morning or play sports after school. Meanwhile, we still need enough sleep every day.
Secondly, mental health is also very important. We need to love our life and try to be active. We need to get along well with others as well. When we’re sad, we can communicate with our parents, teachers and friends frankly.
In a word, I hope everyone can have a healthy body and mind, and then we can have a healthy and happy life every day.
That’s all. Thank you!
【名师点评】
1.题干解读：这篇作文要求学生们以How to live a healthy and happy life为题写一篇文章，发表一下自己对“健康”这一话题的看法。题目中用表格列出了文章应包括的内容：首先介绍健康的分类；然后分别介绍如何保持身体健康和心理健康；最后提出自己的希望。学生们可以联系自己的日常生活，根据表格中的提示，再增加一些细节信息，用正确的英语进行表达。
2.写作指导：审题可知，这篇短文应用一般现在时态、第一人称为主叙述。写作时应主语：首先文章要点全面，应包括题目中列出的所有要点，并对心理健康和希望进行补充。其次应注意英语句式结构的特点以及与汉语表达方式的不同，使用正确的词汇和句型，以简单句结构为基础，穿插并列句、复合句和其他句式的使用，提升文章档次。最后应注意上下文的衔接，使文意连贯，表达流畅。
【素材积累】
【常用短语】
（一）健康问题类短语
1. 牙痛 have a toothache　　　　
2. 头痛 have a headache
3. 肚子痛 have a stomachache
4. 背痛 have a sore back
5. 喉咙痛 have a sore throat
6. 流鼻血 have a nosebleed
7. 感冒 have a cold
8. 发烧 have a fever
9. 咳嗽 have a cough
10. 感到恶心feel sick
（二）意外事故短语
1. 摔倒fall down
2. 割伤cut oneself
3. 撞到头 get hit on the head
4. 膝盖受伤 hurt one’s knee
5. 背受伤 hurt one’s back
6. 手臂受伤 hurt one’s arm
（三）措施短语
1. 躺下来休息 lie down and rest
2. 喝热的蜂蜜水 drink hot tea with honey
3. 看牙医 go to the dentist
4. 拍X光 get an X-ray
5. 量体温 take one’s temperature
6. 在……敷药 put some medicine on.....
7. 用绑带包扎 put a bandage on...
8. 在水下冲 run under the water
9. 去医院 go to the hospital
10. 休息几天 rest for a few days
11. 去看医生 go to a doctor
12. 切除 cut off
【常用句子】
（一）佳句欣赏与模仿
1. I sat in the same way for too long without moving. The bus driver stopped the bus without thinking twice.（without doing sth没有做某事）
2. But to his surprise, they all agreed to go with him.（to one’s surprise 使……惊讶；出乎……意料）
让我感到惊讶的是，他能独自穿越这片森林。
3. Thanks to Mr. Wang and the passengers, the doctors saved the man in time.（thanks to多亏；由于；in time及时）
4. He bandaged himself so that he would not lose too much blood.（so that 因此）
5. His love for mountain climbing is so great that he kept on climbing mountains even after his experience.（so... that... 如此……以至于……）
6. Aron is used to taking risks.（be used to doing sth习惯于做某事）
【小试身手】
由于新冠病毒的爆发，几个月来我们不得不待在家里。它教会了我们重新审视自己的习惯，更好地生活。请根据下列提示写一篇80词左右的英语短文，谈谈保持健康的秘诀。
提示：1. 多锻炼，多喝水，均衡饮食；
2. 早睡早起，保持充足的睡眠；
3. 多吃蔬菜和水果，健康饮食。
要求：短文的开头已给出，但不计入总词数。
提示词：eat a balanced diet均衡饮食
Because of COVID-19, we have to stay at home for months. It taught us to take a second to look at our habits and to live better.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One possible version:
Because of COVID-19, we have to stay at home for months. It taught us to take a second to look at our habits and to live better. Here are some tips to keep healthy.
First, we should do more exercise and eat a balanced diet. Drink more water every day. Second, we’d better go to bed early and get up early to keep enough sleep. Third, why not eat more vegetables and fruit every day As you know, they are good for our health. What’s more, to be healthy, we can’t play too much computer games.
In a word, there are many ways to make us healthy. You can find some and try them.
【详解】
1、题干解读：题目要求根据所给提示写一篇80词左右的英语短文，谈谈保持健康的秘诀，包括锻炼、生活作息和饮食等方面的内容，可适当发挥。
2、写作指导：本文应该以第一人称来叙述内容；时态采用一般现在时为主；介绍保持健康的秘诀时，应详细具体，语句通顺，逻辑性强，保证条理清晰。