Unit 1-Unit 4 期中核心素养培优卷-2024 - 2025学年八年级下册英语牛津译林版（含答案解析）
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| 名称 | Unit 1-Unit 4 期中核心素养培优卷-2024 - 2025学年八年级下册英语牛津译林版（含答案解析） |  | |
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2024 - 2025学年八年级下册英语译林版Unit 1-Unit 4
期中核心素养培优卷
注意事项
1. 全卷满分100分。考试时间90分钟。试题包含选择题和非选择题。考生答题全部答在答题卡上，答在本试卷上无效。
2. 请认真核对监考教师在答题卡上所粘贴条形码的姓名、考试证号是否与本人相符，再将自己的姓名、考试证号用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡及本试卷上。
3. 答选择题必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡的指定位置，在其他位置答题一律无效 。
第一部分 选择题（满分：45分）
一、单项选择（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
1．It was ________ to finish all the work in one hour. I need another two hours.
A．boring B．interesting C．impossible D．easy
2．—Ken has ________ finished his work. What about you
—Sorry, I haven’t finished it ________.
A．already; already B．yet; already C．yet; yet D．already; yet
3．Although the old tower has been there for two thousand years, it is still in good ________.
A．health B．size C．system D．condition
4．—Where is your father
—He ________ Beijing on business, and he will come back in three days.
A．went to B．has been to C．has gone to D．goes to
5．Peter can speak Chinese very well because he ______ Lianyungang for 5 years.
A．has gone to B．has been to C．has come to D．has been in
6．In the past 40 years, Zhang Guimei _______ many girls from rural (乡村的) families in Yunnan.
A．helped B．is helping C．has helped D．will help
7．________ it is to go skiing in winter in Harbin!
A．What great time B．What great fun C．What a great fun D．How great fun
8．Those foreigners from Australia left for Zhenjiang ________.
A．since last week B．a week ago C．for a week D．since a week ago
9．The hen _______ five eggs last week. Where did you _______ them
A．lay; lay B．laid; lay C．laid; lie D．lay; laid
10．—What ________ Lucy do on vacation last year
—She ________ to the beach with her family.
A．does, goes B．did, go C．did, went D．do, gone
11．The best things in life are usually ________. For example, it costs nothing to chat with grandparents.
A．free B．hard C．boring D．important
12．—The film Ne Zha 2 gets lots of good ________. Everyone says it’s amazing.
—Exactly. Seeing is believing. Why not go and watch it this weekend
A．presents B．reviews C．details D．knowledge
13．—________ you please take out the trash after dinner
—No problem.
A．Could B．Should C．Must D．Need
14．You’d better not eat too much junk food. It’s harmful ________ your health.
A．with B．for C．to D．over
15．I like the party so much, but I _________ go home. It’s too late.
A．mustn’t B．may C．have to D．can’t
二、完型填空（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
The sun bear (马来熊) is the smallest member of the bear family. It has a black coat and a white or golden patch of fur on its chest. According to the legend, it represents (代表) the rising 16 .
Sun bears live in the rainforest of South East Asia. They eat both plants and animals. Usually they can only grow to be about 1.5 metres in 17 and 25-70 kilogrammes in weight. That size allows them to move easily through the 18 . They usually live alone and are happy to spend most of their time by 19 .
Scientists studied 22 sun bears at the Bornean Sun Bear Conservation Centre (保护中心) in Malaysia. They found sun bears have developed a 20 social skill. They can copy (模仿) other sun bear’s facial expressions (面部表情) as a form of 21 . They can even copy exact muscular (肌肉的) movements that other sun bears make—such as 22 a face.
Humans, apes (猿) and some other animals like dogs have the 23 to copy facial expressions, but only humans and apes have the ability to 24 copy facial expressions. Unlike apes (our close 25 ) and dogs (which live with us), sun bears have no close relationship with humans.
Sun bears live alone in the 26 , but the bears in the study often played gently with each other. Sometimes they played with faster 27 as hitting and biting. Scientists are not sure what 28 the sun bears were sending to one another. If sun bears live alone, why did they evolve (进化) to understand when their buddies want to 29 Scientists also wonder 30 other kinds of animals have the same abilities.
16．A．moon B．sun C．star D．water
17．A．length B．weight C．size D．strength
18．A．the ground B．the river C．trees D．darkness
19．A．oneself B．yourselves C．itself D．themselves
20．A．boring B．surprising C．gentle D．dangerous
21．A．communication B．information C．magic D．joke
22．A．doing B．making C．buying D．selling
23．A．hobby B．way C．type D．ability
24．A．directly B．exactly C．slowly D．loudly
25．A．friends B．neighbours C．relatives D．owners
26．A．world B．wild C．nature D．zoo
27．A．words B．letters C．languages D．actions
28．A．gifts B．messages C．news D．advice
29．A．play B．eat C．sleep D．walk
30．A．how far B．how soon C．how many D．how much
三、阅读单选（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
（A）
Benito went to the table to collect the grapes. He pulled the grapes from the stem. He put twelve grapes into a cup. Benito pulled twelve more grapes. He put them into another cup. One cup was for Grandfather, and the other cup was for himself.
Benito and his family were ready to celebrate the New Year.
“It’s almost midnight, Benito,” Grandfather said. “Get twelve grapes for you and twelve grapes for me. And how do grapes taste ” he asked.
“Grapes taste sweet,” said Benito. “Why do we eat twelve grapes on New Year’s Eve, Abuelo ” Benito asked.
He called his grandfather Abuelo. Abuelo is the Spanish word for “grandfather”.
“Think about it, Benito. How does the number twelve match the new year ” Grandfather asked.
“I know!” said Benito. “Each grape is for one month of the new year. We eat the grapes to wish that each month of the new year would be sweet.”
“That is a good answer, Benito,” said Grandfather. “I have been eating twelve grapes on New Year’s Eve since I was a little boy. It is one of my favourite Spanish traditions.”
At midnight, everyone cheered. They ate their grapes.
“Happy New Year, Abuelo!” Benito said.
“May the New Year be sweet!” said Grandfather.
31．How many grapes did Benito collect for Grandfather and himself
A．12. B．24. C．36. D．48.
32．What does eating twelve grapes for the new year mean to them
A．Each month of the new year will be sweet.
B．They are happy with the past year.
C．Each hour of a day will be lucky.
D．They will be lucky in the next 12 years.
33．What can we infer (推断) from the article
A．Benito doesn’t like his grandfather.
B．Benito doesn’t like eating grapes at all.
C．Benito will leave home the next year.
D．Benito will eat twelve grapes on the next New Year’s Eve.
（B）
A new kind of tourism called “special forces style tourism (特种兵式旅游)” is getting popular in China now. Tourists can visit lots of places of interest in a short time, most often on weekends. Most of the visitors are college students.
Yu Yinghua, a college student from Shanghai is one of them. Yu always made plans carefully before taking trips. Before visiting a place, she found a lot of information and learned more about it. That would help her save time when travelling.
Her latest trip was to Shanghai. Starting at 7 am, the 22- year-old visited nine places that she is interested in. “That day, I walked a long way,” Yu said. “Though I was kind of tired, I enjoyed the trip as much as days-long trips. It still lets me have a better understanding of the cities I go to.”
Chen Junjun, another college student from Shanghai likes to travel far to relax herself. In April, the 24-year-old took a two-day trip to Xi’an. During the trip, she visited all the interesting places in the city. “This kind of tourism can make me feel better,” said Chen.
Even so, the 24-year-old said that such tourism is not right for everyone. “It’s tiring as visitors have to see as many interesting places as possible in a short time. Such trips are different from days-long trips because you can’t change your plan as you like. So before taking special forces style tourism, you must get enough energy (精力)”.
34．What did Yu Yinghua always do before taking trips
A．She made plans carefully. B．She got enough money.
C．she found the righ time. D．She collected information.
35．Which words may Yu Yinghua use to describe her trip to Shanghai
A．Relaxing and interesting. B．Tiring but enjoyable.
C．Difficult but fantastic. D．Boring and difficult.
36．What does Chen Junjun think of special forces style tourism
A．She doesn’t like it. B．She doesn’t mind it.
C．She loves it. D．She is afraid of it.
37．What’s the purpose of the text
A．To introduce special forces style tourism.
B．To introduce two college students.
C．To ask us to take special forces style tourism.
D．To tell the advantages of special forces style tourism.
（C）
Teachers say that the digital age has had a good influence (影响) and a not-so-good influence on American teenagers. More than 2,000 middle school teachers took an online survey. Researchers also spoke with teachers in some groups. Most teachers think the Internet and digital search tools have had a mostly positive influence on their students’ research habits and skills. But at the same time, some teachers also point out some problems in teenagers’ using digital search tools.
The Pew Internet Project did the survey with the College Board and the National Writing Project. Judy Buchanan is the director of the National Writing Project and a co-writer of the report. She says digital research tools are helping students learn more, and learn faster. “Both teachers and students really welcome these tools because they make learning exciting. And the goal is to really help students become creators of something meaningful (有意义的), and not just users of the online information.”
But one problem the survey found is that these technologies make teenagers have short attention spans (注意力持续时间). As there is lots of information about different subjects on the Internet, teenagers’ attention is easily drawn away from their research.
Another problem the survey found is that many students trust the information they find on the Internet too much. Judy Buchanan says these students have not developed the skills to judge (判断) the online information. They need to learn a lot to tell if the information is believable. It’s something that really has to be paid attention to.
One more problem the survey found is something that might not seem like a problem at all: being able to quickly find information online. Many students think “doing research” now means just doing a quick search on the Internet. They become less willing and able to work hard to find answers. That is, they are depending (依赖) too much on search tools and do not make enough use of printed books or research librarians.
Many teachers also say that the Internet makes it easy for students to copy work done by others instead of using their own abilities.
38．The Pew Internet Project did the survey with the help of________.
A．students B．teachers C．parents D．teenagers
39．The underlined word “positive” in Paragraph 1 means “_________” in Chinese.
A．积极的 B．中性的 C．糟糕的 D．模糊的
40．From the survey, we know that _________.
A．digital search tools make students more willing to work hard to find answers
B．students have the ability to judge the online information
C．students are always just the users of the online information
D．digital search tools are helpful to both students and teachers
41．Which of the following is the best title for the passage
A．A Meaningful Survey B．A Digital Age’s Influences
C．Two Sides of Digital Search Tools D．Problems of Using Digital Search Tools
（D）
During a famine (饥荒), rich cook sent for twenty of the poorest children in the town and said to them, “In this basket there is a piece of bread for each of you. Take it and come back to me every day at this hour for more.”
In a hurry, the hungry children got together around the basket, and fought over the bread because each wanted the largest piece. At last they went away without even thanking the good cook. Mary, a poorly-dressed girl, did not fight with the other children, but stood quietly and waited. When the badly-behaved children had left, Mary took the smallest piece, which was all left in the basket. She kissed the cook’s hand and went home.
The next day, the children were as badly-behaved as before. Mary got a piece of bread almost half the size of the one she got on the first day. When she came home, her mother cut the bread open. Many new, shining pieces of silver fell out of it.
Her mother was very worried, and said. “Take the money back to the cook at once. The silver must have fallen into the dough (面团) by accident. Hurry up, Mary.”
When the little girl told the rich man her mother’s message, he said, “It has no mistake. I had the silver pieces put into the smallest bread for you as a prize. Always be as satisfied, peaceable and thankful as you now are. Go home now, and tell your mother that the money is yours.”
42．The girl expressed her thanks to the cook by ________.
A．saying “Thank you.” B．giving money to the cook
C．kissing the cook’s hand D．returning the silver to the cook
43．The cook put the silver pieces into the bread because ________.
A．he wanted to give them to the poorest child. B．Mary’s mother was very worried.
C．he wanted to give them to Mary as a prize. D．Mary’s family was poor.
44．What is the meaning of the underlined word “peaceable” in the passage
A．不争抢的 B．饥饿的 C．诚实的 D．积极的
45．What should be the best title of the passage
A．Some pieces of bread B．A rich cook
C．An honest mother D．Some pieces of silver
第二部分 非选择题（满分：55分）
四、词汇应用（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
46．I can’t imagine (waste) my time on such a meaningless thing.
47．This app may help you when you have difficulty (communicate) with foreigners.
48．Two shopkeepers owned stores (direct) across the street from each other.
49．Several cars drove away from them and then (appear).
50．She spent a (peace) afternoon by the river, reading a novel.
51． (既然) you are free on the weekend, why not join us for a picnic
52．Since some countries offer visa free travel, we can go (到国外) more easily.
53．My father is always busy. He works every day (除了) Sunday.
54．Sally (躺) down on the playground as soon as she finished the 800-meter race.
55．Some people might be (反对) the ideas presented in the book.
五、完成句子（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
56．艾米过去常常睡觉前看书，但现在她听音乐。
Amy , but now she listens to music.
57．最后一天，我们给朋友买了许多礼物。我们非常喜欢这次旅行。
We on the last day. We .
58．杰克下车以后，迫不及待地拍照片。
Jack take photos after he got off the bus.
59．他们之所以兴奋，是因为这部电影太精彩了。
They because the movie was quite wonderful.
60．她是位出色的作家，学学她的写作风格。
, try to copy her style.
六、短文首字母填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）
My family moved here nine years ago and we called the area in front of our house “rock garden” because it was full of rocks.
Last summer, I found a tiny little p 61 in the garden. I didn't know its name. But I knew I didn’t plant it. We decided to let it g 62 . When it grew up, we would find out what it was.
Weeks p 63 , and as I made my way back to the unknown plant, I noticed the flower s 64 to be a sunflower. I decided to take c 65 of it and clear away the grass around it. As I pulled rocks from the area to get to the grass, I noticed something u 66 . The sunflower had not started from the place I saw before. It had begun u 67 a big rock. It was really surprising.
Then I got to know that if a tiny little sunflower didn't let a big rock stand in its w 68 of growing up, we should also have the ability to do the same thing. As a result, we need to believe in o 69 , keeping in mind that we have the abilities to r 70 our dreams. Like the sunflower, it was sure of the success.
Stand tall like the sunflower, be proud of who and what you are and everything around you will begin to support you. You will find a way to make your dreams come true.
七、材料作文（本大题共20分）
71．假如你是李萍， 一名中学生，你的笔友Mary来信，想了解关于中国的一些情况。请根据以下要点，写一篇80词左右的短文介绍中国。短文的开头已经给出，不计入总词数。
要点：
1. 中国位于亚洲东部，有五千年的悠久历史；
2. 中国的首都是北京——一个现代化的大城市；
3. 中国有许多游览胜地。其中，长城是最著名的。每年，来自世界各地的百万游客游览长城；
4. 中国的气候 (climate) 各地不同。南方夏天热，北方冬天冷。
Dear Mary,
Glad to receive your letter. You said you want to know about China in your letter. Now let me talk about it.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Ping
中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
参考答案及试题解析
1．C
【解析】句意：在一小时内完成所有工作是不可能的，我还需要两个小时。
考查形容词辨析。boring无聊的；interesting有趣的；impossible不可能的；easy容易的。根据“I need another two hours”可知，任务无法在一小时内完成，故选C。
2．D
【解析】句意：——肯已经完成了他的工作。你呢？——对不起，我还没有完成。
考查副词辨析。already表示“已经”，yet表示“还”；already常用于肯定句中，yet则多用于否定句、疑问句中，根据语境可知，第一句表示肯已经完成了他的工作，因此用already，第二句表示我还没有完成，因此用yet。故选D。
3．D
【解析】句意：尽管这座古塔已有两千年的历史，但它仍然保存完好。
考查名词辨析。health健康；size尺寸；system系统；condition状况。根据“the old tower”可知，讲述的是古塔经过两千年后，状况依然很好，故选D。
4．C
【解析】句意：——你爸爸在哪里？——他去北京出差了，三天后回来。
考查动词的时态。根据“Where is your father ”以及“and he will come back in three days.”可知，此处指去了北京，还未回来，has gone to“去了”，表示“去了某地且未返回”，符合语境。故选C。
5．D
【解析】句意：彼得中文说得很好，因为他在连云港待了5年。
考查现在完成时。has gone to去了某地还未回来；has been to曾经去过某地（已经回来）；has come to已经来到；has been in待在某地。根据“for 5 years”可知，此处强调持续的状态，需用“has been in”表示“在某地停留（一段时间）”。故选D。
6．C
【解析】句意：在过去的40年里，张桂梅帮助了许多来自云南农村家庭的女孩。
考查时态辨析。helped帮助过，用于一般过去时；is helping正在帮助，用于现在进行时；has helped已经帮助，用于现在完成时；will help将帮助，用于一般将来时。结合语境及“In the past 40 years”可知，此处指张桂梅在过去四十年里一直帮助来自云南农村家庭的女孩，从过去某个时间点开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态应用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has done sth.”。故选C。
7．B
【解析】句意：在哈尔滨冬天滑雪是多么有趣啊！
考查感叹句。a great time“一段时光”，固定搭配，故排除选项A；great fun中fun为不可数名词，故排除选项C；great修饰名词fun，故需“What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语”结构，故选B。
8．B
【解析】句意：那些来自澳大利亚的外国人一周前去往了镇江。
考查动词的时态。since last week自从上周起，应用于现在完成时；a week ago一周前，应用于一般过去时；for a week一周，通常用于现在完成时；since a week ago自从一周前，应用于现在完成时。本句“Those foreigners from Australia left for Zhenjiang…”时态是一般过去时，时间状语应用“a week ago”。故选B。
9．B
【解析】句意：这只母鸡上周下了五个蛋。你把那些鸡蛋放在哪里了？
考查时态。lay放置，下蛋，动词原形/躺，过去式；laid放置，下蛋，过去式/过去分词；lie撒谎，躺，位于，动词原形。根据句意可知，第一空时间状语是last week，应用一般过去时，表达的意思是“下蛋”，应填laid。第二空考查一般过去时的特殊疑问句，did后接动词原形，意思为“放置”，应填lay。故选B。
10．C
【解析】句意：——露西去年假期做什么了？——她和她的家人去海滩了。
考查助动词和时态。does一般现在时第三人称单数形式的助动词；did一般过去时的助动词；do一般现在时的助动词原形；goes一般现在时第三人称单数形式；go原形；went过去式；gone过去分词。根据“last year”可知，句子时态为一般过去时。第一个空所在句是特殊疑问句，一般过去时的特殊疑问句中，实义动词作谓语时，需要借助助动词did；第二个空作句子的谓语，且时态是一般过去时，所以要用动词go的过去式went。故选C。
11．A
【解析】句意：生活中最好的东西通常都是免费的。比如和爷爷奶奶聊天，不用花钱。
考查形容词辨析。free免费的；hard困难的；boring无聊的；important重要的。根据“The best things in life are usually…For example, it costs nothing to chat with grandparents.”可知，此处指的是最好的东西都是免费的。free“免费的”，形容词作表语。故选A。
12．B
【解析】句意：——电影《哪吒2》获得了很多好评。大家都说它很棒。——确实，眼见为实。这个周末为什么不去看看呢？
考查名词辨析。presents礼物；reviews评论；details细节；knowledge知识。根据“Everyone says it’s amazing.”可知，大家都说《哪吒2》很棒，说明它有很多好评，故选B。
13．A
【解析】句意：——晚饭后你能把垃圾拿出去吗？——没问题。
考查情态动词。Could能；Should应该；Must必须；Need需要。根据“you please”及“No problem.”可知，此处表示委婉的请求，用could。故选A。
14．C
【解析】句意：你最好不要吃太多垃圾食品。它对你的健康有害。
考查介词辨析。with和……一起；for为了；to到；over在……上方。be harmful to...(对……有害)，为固定搭配。故选C。
15．C
【解析】句意：我很喜欢这个聚会，但我不得不回家。太晚了。
考查情态动词辨析。mustn’t禁止；may可能；have to不得不；can’t不可能。根据“It’s too late”可知，不得不回家。故选C。
16．B 17．A 18．C 19．D 20．B 21．A 22．B 23．D 24．B 25．C 26．B 27．D 28．B 29．A 30．C
【导语】本文主要围绕马来熊展开，介绍了马来熊的基本信息和独特行为。
16．句意：根据传说，它代表着初升的太阳。
moon月亮；sun太阳；star星星；water水。根据“The sun bear (马来熊) is the smallest member of the bear family.”以及“the rising”可知，马来熊名字中有“sun”，所以这里说它代表着初升的太阳，故选B。
17．句意：通常它们只能长到大约1.5米长，体重25到70公斤。
length长度；weight重量；size尺寸；strength力量。根据“1.5 metres”可知，这里说的是长度，故选A。
18．句意：那样的体型让它们能够轻松地在树间移动。
the ground地面；the river河流；trees树；darkness黑暗。根据“Sun bears live in the rainforest of South East Asia.”可知，马来熊生活在热带雨林，结合它们的体型可知，是在树间移动，故选C。
19．句意：它们通常独自生活，并且很乐意大部分时间都自己度过。
oneself某人自己；yourselves你们自己；itself它自己；themselves它们自己。根据“They usually live alone”可知，主语是“they”，所以用themselves，故选D。
20．句意：他们发现马来熊已经发展出了一种惊人的社交技能。
boring无聊的；surprising令人惊讶的；gentle温柔的；dangerous危险的。根据“They can copy (模仿) other sun bear’s facial expressions (面部表情)”可知，马来熊能模仿其他马来熊的面部表情，这是很令人惊讶的，故选B。
21．句意：它们可以模仿其他马来熊的面部表情作为一种交流方式。
communication交流；information信息；magic魔法；joke玩笑。根据“They can copy (模仿) other sun bear’s facial expressions (面部表情)”可知，模仿面部表情是一种交流方式，故选A。
22．句意：它们甚至可以精确模仿其他马来熊做出的肌肉动作——比如做鬼脸。
doing做；making制作；buying买；selling卖。make a face是固定短语，意为“做鬼脸”，故选B。
23．句意：人类、猿类和其他一些动物比如狗有模仿面部表情的能力。
hobby爱好；way方式；type类型；ability能力。根据“but only humans and apes have the ability to”可知，这里说的是有模仿面部表情的能力，故选D。
24．句意：但是只有人类和猿类有精确模仿面部表情的能力。
directly直接地；exactly精确地；slowly缓慢地；loudly大声地。根据“They can even copy exact muscular (肌肉的) movements that other sun bears make”可知，这里强调精确模仿，故选B。
25．句意：不像猿类（我们的近亲）和狗（和我们生活在一起），马来熊和人类没有亲密的关系。
friends朋友；neighbours邻居；relatives亲戚；owners主人。根据常识可知，猿类和人类是近亲，故选C。
26．句意：马来熊在野外独自生活，但是研究中的马来熊经常温和地一起玩耍。
world世界；wild野外；nature自然；zoo动物园。根据“Sun bears live alone”以及常识可知，马来熊在野外独自生活，in the wild意为“在野外”，故选B。
27．句意：有时它们以更快的动作玩耍，比如撞击和撕咬。
words单词；letters字母；languages语言；actions动作。根据“as hitting and biting”可知，撞击和撕咬是动作，故选D。
28．句意：科学家不确定马来熊相互之间传递的是什么信息。
gifts礼物；messages信息；news新闻；advice建议。根据“the sun bears were sending to one another”可知，是传递信息，故选B。
29．句意：如果马来熊独自生活，那为什么它们进化到能够理解它们的伙伴什么时候想玩耍呢？
play玩耍；eat吃；sleep睡觉；walk散步。根据“but the bears in the study often played gently with each other.”可知，这里说的是理解伙伴什么时候想玩耍，故选A。
30．句意：科学家也想知道有多少其他种类的动物有相同的能力。
how far多远；how soon多久以后；how many多少（修饰可数名词复数）；how much多少（修饰不可数名词）。根据“other kinds of animals”可知，这里问的是数量，且“animals”是可数名词复数，所以用how many，故选C。
31．B 32．A 33．D
【导语】本文主要讲述Benito和他的祖父在除夕夜吃葡萄庆祝新年的故事。
31．细节理解题。根据“He put twelve grapes into a cup. Benito pulled twelve more grapes. He put them into another cup.”可知，Benito为祖父和自己各准备了12颗葡萄，总共24颗，故选B。
32．细节理解题。根据“Each grape is for one month of the new year. We eat the grapes to wish that each month of the new year would be sweet.”可知，吃12颗葡萄意味着希望新年的每个月都甜甜蜜蜜，故选A。
33．推理判断题。根据“I have been eating twelve grapes on New Year’s Eve since I was a little boy. It is one of my favourite Spanish traditions.”以及Benito对传统的认同可知，Benito会在下一个新年夜继续吃12颗葡萄，故选D。
34．A 35．B 36．C 37．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了一种新型旅游方式——特种兵式旅游。
34．细节理解题。根据“Yu always made plans carefully before taking trips.”可知，余总是在旅行前仔细制定计划。故选A。
35．细节理解题。根据余说的“Though I was kind of tired, I enjoyed the trip as much as days-long trips.”可知，余认为旅程虽然累但愉快，故选B。
36．细节理解题。根据陈所的“This kind of tourism can make me feel better,”可知，她明确表达了对这种旅游方式的喜爱，故选C。
37．推理判断题。通读全文可知，全文通过两位学生的例子介绍了“特种兵式旅游”的兴起、特点和体验，主要目的是向读者介绍这一新型旅游模式，故选A。
38．B 39．A 40．D 41．C
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讨论了数字时代对美国青少年的双重影响。
38．细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句“The Pew Internet Project did the survey with the College Board and the National Writing Project.”可知皮尤互联网项目与大学理事会和国家写作项目合作进行了这项调查，即调查是在教师组织的帮助下完成的。故选B。
39．词句猜测题。根据文章第一段“Most teachers think the Internet and digital search tools have had a mostly positive influence on their students’ research habits and skills.”可知大多数教师认为互联网和数字搜索工具对学生的研究习惯和技能产生了积极的影响。结合上下文，“positive”在此处意为“积极的”。故选A。
40．推理判断题。根据文章第二段Judy Buchanan的话“digital research tools are helping students learn more, and learn faster… Both teachers and students really welcome these tools”可推知，数字搜索工具对师生都有帮助。故选D。
41．最佳标题题。文章既提到数字搜索工具的积极影响（如提升学习效率），也提到其负面影响（如注意力分散、过度依赖网络信息等），因此标题应体现“双重影响”。故选C。
42．C 43．C 44．A 45．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述饥荒时期一位富有的厨师每天为贫困儿童分发面包，女孩玛丽因谦逊有礼而获得藏在面包中的银币作为奖励的故事。
42．细节理解题。根据“She kissed the cook’s hand and went home.”可知，玛丽通过亲吻厨师的手表达感谢。故选C。
43．细节理解题。根据“It has no mistake. I had the silver pieces put into the smallest bread for you as a prize.”可知，银币是特意奖励玛丽的。故选C。
44．词句猜测题。根据“stood quietly and waited”可知，小女孩安静地站着等待自己的食物，应是不争抢的个性，所以划线部分的含义是“不争抢的”。故选A。
45．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，全文围绕“银币”展开：银币被藏在面包中，被发现，玛丽去归还银币，以及银币是厨师特意奖励玛丽的，最终归属玛丽可知，最佳标题应是D项“一些银币”。故选D。
46．wasting
【解析】句意：我无法想象把时间浪费在这样毫无意义的事情上。waste“浪费”，是动词，imagine doing sth“想象做某事”，故填wasting。
47．communicating
【解析】句意：当你与外国人交流有困难时，这个应用程序可能会帮助你。have difficulty (in) doing sth“做某事有困难”，空处用动名词形式。故填communicating。
48．directly
【解析】句意：两位店主拥有的店铺彼此正好在街道的正对面。根据“Two shopkeepers owned stores … (direct) across the street from each other.”可知，这里需要一个副词作状语，表示“正好，恰好”的意思。direct的副词形式有directly，它有“直接地；正好地”等含义，符合此处语境。故填directly。
49．disappeared
【解析】句意：几辆车从他们身边开走，随后消失了。根据“Several cars drove away from them”可知，车子看不见了。disappear消失，是动词，时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填disappeared。
50．peaceful
【解析】句意：她在河边度过了一个宁静的下午，读着小说。空处修饰名词afternoon，用形容词peaceful“宁静的”，作定语。故填peaceful。
51．Since
【解析】句意：既然你周末有空，为什么不和我们一起去野餐呢？根据英文句子及汉语提示词可知，空后为原因状语从句，since“既然”，引导原因状语从句，并且位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Since。
52．abroad
【解析】句意：由于一些国家提供免签证旅行，我们可以更容易地前往国外。abroad“到国外”，副词。故填abroad。
53．except
【解析】句意：我爸爸总是忙。除了星期天，他每天都工作。except“除了”，介词。故填except。
54．lay
【解析】 句意：莎莉一跑完800米赛跑就躺在了操场上。根据“she finished the 800-meter race”可知，时态为一般过去时，lie“躺”，是动词，过去式是lay。故填lay。
55．against
【解析】句意：一些人可能反对书里呈现的观点。 根据题意，“反对”英语为against，介词；be against sth.“反对某事”，介词against符合题意。故填against。
56．used to read books before sleeping/used to read books before going to bed
【解析】根据中英文提示，此处缺少“过去常常睡觉前看书”的表达；过去常常做某事used to do sth；看书read books；在睡觉之前before sleeping/going to bed。故填used to read books before sleeping/going to bed。
57．bought a lot of presents for our friends enjoyed this trip very much
【解析】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺少内容“给朋友买了许多礼物”以及“非常喜欢这次旅行”。buy sth for sb“为某人买某物”，a lot of“许多”，present“礼物”，此处应用名词复数，our friends“我们的朋友们”，enjoy“喜欢”，this trip“这次旅行”，very much“非常”；且描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填bought a lot of presents for our friends；enjoyed this trip very much。
58．couldn’t wait to
【解析】“迫不及待做某事”为can’t wait to do；根据“after he got off the bus”可知， 该句为一般过去时，can’t用过去式couldn’t ，故填couldn’t wait to。
59．felt/were excited
【解析】对比所给中英文可知，设空处为“感到兴奋”；feel/be excited“感到兴奋”，句子时态为一般过去时，主语为“They”，be动词用were。故填felt/were；excited。
60．She is a good writer
【解析】she“她”；is“是”；a good writer“一位出色的作家”。故填She is a good writer。
61．(p)lant 62．(g)row 63．(p)assed 64．(s)eemed 65．(c)are 66．(u)nusual 67．(u)nder 68．(w)ay 69．(o)urselves 70．(r)ealize
【导语】这篇文章讲述的是作者家九年前搬到新地方，把屋前的区域称为“岩石花园”，因为那里有很多石头。去年夏天，作者在花园里发现了一株小植物，后来发现是一棵向日葵，尽管它从大石头下生长出来，这让他们意识到要像向日葵一样克服困难，实现梦想。
61．句意：去年夏天，我在花园里发现了一株小小的植物。根据“a tiny little”可知，此处应填入可数名词单数；根据后面的“I didn’t plant it”和后面的描述，应该是指植物，plant“植物”符合。故填(p)lant。
62．句意：我们决定让它生长。根据“let it...”和“When it grew up, we would find out what it was.”可知，此处填入动词原词（let sb/sth do“让某人某物/做某事”），表示让植物“生长”，用grow“生长”，故填(g)row。
63．句意：几周过去了，当我再次回到那株不知名的植物旁时，我发现那朵花似乎是向日葵。根据“Weeks...”和“made”可知，此处应用动词过去式；结合首字母和句意，这里应该是指时间的流逝，所以用“passed”。故填(p)assed。
64．句意：几周过去了，当我再次回到那株不知名的植物旁时，我发现那朵花似乎是向日葵。根据“the flower...to be a sunflower.”可知，此处表示作者注意到花开始看起来像向日葵，seem to“似乎”，句子为一般过去时。故填(s)eemed。
65．句意：我决定照料它，把周围的杂草清理掉。根据“take...of it”可知，此处表示“照顾”植物，用固定搭配take care of“照顾”。故填(c)are。
66．句意：当我从那片区域搬开石头去拔草时，我注意到了一件不同寻常的事。根据“something...”可知，这里用形容词作后置定语，指一些不寻常的事情，结合首字母，用“unusual不寻常的”。故填(u)nusual。
67．句意：它是从一块大石头下面开始生长的。根据“The sunflower had not started from the place I saw before. It had begun...a big rock”可知，此处表示向日葵从石头下开始生长，应该用介词“under”。故填(u)nder。
68．句意：后来我了解到，如果一朵小小的向日葵都不让一块大石头阻挡自己成长的道路，那我们也应该具备同样的能力。根据“stand in its...”可知，此处应用名词；stand in one’s way意为“挡路”，故填(w)ay。
69．句意：因此，我们要相信自己，牢记自己有能力实现梦想。根据“we need to believe in...”可知，这里表示相信我们“自己”，主语是we，此处用反身代词“ourselves”。故填(o)urselves。
70．句意：因此，我们要相信自己，牢记自己有能力实现梦想。根据“have the abilities to...our dreams.”可知，此处用动词原形（have abilities to do有能力做某事），表示“实现”梦想；结合首字母，realize“实现”符合，故填(r)ealize。
71．例文：
Dear Mary,
Glad to receive your letter. You said you want to know about China in your letter. Now let me talk about it.
China is in the east of Asia and has a long history of about 5, 000 years. Its capital is Beijing. It is a big and modern city in China. There are many places of interest in our country. Among them, the Great Wall is the most famous. Every year, millions of people from all over the world come to visit it.
The climate in China is different from place to place. It is hot in the south in summer and itis cold in the north in winter.
Welcome to China some day and I’ll show you around.
Yours,
Li Ping
【解析】[总体分析]
题材：本文是一篇书信作文。
时态：主要时态是一般现在时；
提示：需要根据给出的要点，以书信形式介绍中国的基本情况。
[写作步骤]
第一步，表明写作目的，简单的问候；
第二步，从“地理、历史、旅游胜地以及气候”等方面介绍中国；
第三步，热情邀请Mary来中国，并承诺带她游览。
[亮点词汇]
①in the east of Asia亚洲的东部
②a long history悠久的历史
③places of interest旅游胜地
[亮点句型]
①Glad to receive your letter. (省略句)
②There are many places of interest in our country. (There be句型)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2024 - 2025学年八年级下册英语译林版Unit 1-Unit 4
期中核心素养培优卷
注意事项
1. 全卷满分100分。考试时间90分钟。试题包含选择题和非选择题。考生答题全部答在答题卡上，答在本试卷上无效。
2. 请认真核对监考教师在答题卡上所粘贴条形码的姓名、考试证号是否与本人相符，再将自己的姓名、考试证号用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡及本试卷上。
3. 答选择题必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡的指定位置，在其他位置答题一律无效 。
第一部分 选择题（满分：45分）
一、单项选择（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
1．It was ________ to finish all the work in one hour. I need another two hours.
A．boring B．interesting C．impossible D．easy
2．—Ken has ________ finished his work. What about you
—Sorry, I haven’t finished it ________.
A．already; already B．yet; already C．yet; yet D．already; yet
3．Although the old tower has been there for two thousand years, it is still in good ________.
A．health B．size C．system D．condition
4．—Where is your father
—He ________ Beijing on business, and he will come back in three days.
A．went to B．has been to C．has gone to D．goes to
5．Peter can speak Chinese very well because he ______ Lianyungang for 5 years.
A．has gone to B．has been to C．has come to D．has been in
6．In the past 40 years, Zhang Guimei _______ many girls from rural (乡村的) families in Yunnan.
A．helped B．is helping C．has helped D．will help
7．________ it is to go skiing in winter in Harbin!
A．What great time B．What great fun C．What a great fun D．How great fun
8．Those foreigners from Australia left for Zhenjiang ________.
A．since last week B．a week ago C．for a week D．since a week ago
9．The hen _______ five eggs last week. Where did you _______ them
A．lay; lay B．laid; lay C．laid; lie D．lay; laid
10．—What ________ Lucy do on vacation last year
—She ________ to the beach with her family.
A．does, goes B．did, go C．did, went D．do, gone
11．The best things in life are usually ________. For example, it costs nothing to chat with grandparents.
A．free B．hard C．boring D．important
12．—The film Ne Zha 2 gets lots of good ________. Everyone says it’s amazing.
—Exactly. Seeing is believing. Why not go and watch it this weekend
A．presents B．reviews C．details D．knowledge
13．—________ you please take out the trash after dinner
—No problem.
A．Could B．Should C．Must D．Need
14．You’d better not eat too much junk food. It’s harmful ________ your health.
A．with B．for C．to D．over
15．I like the party so much, but I _________ go home. It’s too late.
A．mustn’t B．may C．have to D．can’t
二、完型填空（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
The sun bear (马来熊) is the smallest member of the bear family. It has a black coat and a white or golden patch of fur on its chest. According to the legend, it represents (代表) the rising 16 .
Sun bears live in the rainforest of South East Asia. They eat both plants and animals. Usually they can only grow to be about 1.5 metres in 17 and 25-70 kilogrammes in weight. That size allows them to move easily through the 18 . They usually live alone and are happy to spend most of their time by 19 .
Scientists studied 22 sun bears at the Bornean Sun Bear Conservation Centre (保护中心) in Malaysia. They found sun bears have developed a 20 social skill. They can copy (模仿) other sun bear’s facial expressions (面部表情) as a form of 21 . They can even copy exact muscular (肌肉的) movements that other sun bears make—such as 22 a face.
Humans, apes (猿) and some other animals like dogs have the 23 to copy facial expressions, but only humans and apes have the ability to 24 copy facial expressions. Unlike apes (our close 25 ) and dogs (which live with us), sun bears have no close relationship with humans.
Sun bears live alone in the 26 , but the bears in the study often played gently with each other. Sometimes they played with faster 27 as hitting and biting. Scientists are not sure what 28 the sun bears were sending to one another. If sun bears live alone, why did they evolve (进化) to understand when their buddies want to 29 Scientists also wonder 30 other kinds of animals have the same abilities.
16．A．moon B．sun C．star D．water
17．A．length B．weight C．size D．strength
18．A．the ground B．the river C．trees D．darkness
19．A．oneself B．yourselves C．itself D．themselves
20．A．boring B．surprising C．gentle D．dangerous
21．A．communication B．information C．magic D．joke
22．A．doing B．making C．buying D．selling
23．A．hobby B．way C．type D．ability
24．A．directly B．exactly C．slowly D．loudly
25．A．friends B．neighbours C．relatives D．owners
26．A．world B．wild C．nature D．zoo
27．A．words B．letters C．languages D．actions
28．A．gifts B．messages C．news D．advice
29．A．play B．eat C．sleep D．walk
30．A．how far B．how soon C．how many D．how much
三、阅读单选（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
（A）
Benito went to the table to collect the grapes. He pulled the grapes from the stem. He put twelve grapes into a cup. Benito pulled twelve more grapes. He put them into another cup. One cup was for Grandfather, and the other cup was for himself.
Benito and his family were ready to celebrate the New Year.
“It’s almost midnight, Benito,” Grandfather said. “Get twelve grapes for you and twelve grapes for me. And how do grapes taste ” he asked.
“Grapes taste sweet,” said Benito. “Why do we eat twelve grapes on New Year’s Eve, Abuelo ” Benito asked.
He called his grandfather Abuelo. Abuelo is the Spanish word for “grandfather”.
“Think about it, Benito. How does the number twelve match the new year ” Grandfather asked.
“I know!” said Benito. “Each grape is for one month of the new year. We eat the grapes to wish that each month of the new year would be sweet.”
“That is a good answer, Benito,” said Grandfather. “I have been eating twelve grapes on New Year’s Eve since I was a little boy. It is one of my favourite Spanish traditions.”
At midnight, everyone cheered. They ate their grapes.
“Happy New Year, Abuelo!” Benito said.
“May the New Year be sweet!” said Grandfather.
31．How many grapes did Benito collect for Grandfather and himself
A．12. B．24. C．36. D．48.
32．What does eating twelve grapes for the new year mean to them
A．Each month of the new year will be sweet.
B．They are happy with the past year.
C．Each hour of a day will be lucky.
D．They will be lucky in the next 12 years.
33．What can we infer (推断) from the article
A．Benito doesn’t like his grandfather.
B．Benito doesn’t like eating grapes at all.
C．Benito will leave home the next year.
D．Benito will eat twelve grapes on the next New Year’s Eve.
（B）
A new kind of tourism called “special forces style tourism (特种兵式旅游)” is getting popular in China now. Tourists can visit lots of places of interest in a short time, most often on weekends. Most of the visitors are college students.
Yu Yinghua, a college student from Shanghai is one of them. Yu always made plans carefully before taking trips. Before visiting a place, she found a lot of information and learned more about it. That would help her save time when travelling.
Her latest trip was to Shanghai. Starting at 7 am, the 22- year-old visited nine places that she is interested in. “That day, I walked a long way,” Yu said. “Though I was kind of tired, I enjoyed the trip as much as days-long trips. It still lets me have a better understanding of the cities I go to.”
Chen Junjun, another college student from Shanghai likes to travel far to relax herself. In April, the 24-year-old took a two-day trip to Xi’an. During the trip, she visited all the interesting places in the city. “This kind of tourism can make me feel better,” said Chen.
Even so, the 24-year-old said that such tourism is not right for everyone. “It’s tiring as visitors have to see as many interesting places as possible in a short time. Such trips are different from days-long trips because you can’t change your plan as you like. So before taking special forces style tourism, you must get enough energy (精力)”.
34．What did Yu Yinghua always do before taking trips
A．She made plans carefully. B．She got enough money.
C．she found the righ time. D．She collected information.
35．Which words may Yu Yinghua use to describe her trip to Shanghai
A．Relaxing and interesting. B．Tiring but enjoyable.
C．Difficult but fantastic. D．Boring and difficult.
36．What does Chen Junjun think of special forces style tourism
A．She doesn’t like it. B．She doesn’t mind it.
C．She loves it. D．She is afraid of it.
37．What’s the purpose of the text
A．To introduce special forces style tourism.
B．To introduce two college students.
C．To ask us to take special forces style tourism.
D．To tell the advantages of special forces style tourism.
（C）
Teachers say that the digital age has had a good influence (影响) and a not-so-good influence on American teenagers. More than 2,000 middle school teachers took an online survey. Researchers also spoke with teachers in some groups. Most teachers think the Internet and digital search tools have had a mostly positive influence on their students’ research habits and skills. But at the same time, some teachers also point out some problems in teenagers’ using digital search tools.
The Pew Internet Project did the survey with the College Board and the National Writing Project. Judy Buchanan is the director of the National Writing Project and a co-writer of the report. She says digital research tools are helping students learn more, and learn faster. “Both teachers and students really welcome these tools because they make learning exciting. And the goal is to really help students become creators of something meaningful (有意义的), and not just users of the online information.”
But one problem the survey found is that these technologies make teenagers have short attention spans (注意力持续时间). As there is lots of information about different subjects on the Internet, teenagers’ attention is easily drawn away from their research.
Another problem the survey found is that many students trust the information they find on the Internet too much. Judy Buchanan says these students have not developed the skills to judge (判断) the online information. They need to learn a lot to tell if the information is believable. It’s something that really has to be paid attention to.
One more problem the survey found is something that might not seem like a problem at all: being able to quickly find information online. Many students think “doing research” now means just doing a quick search on the Internet. They become less willing and able to work hard to find answers. That is, they are depending (依赖) too much on search tools and do not make enough use of printed books or research librarians.
Many teachers also say that the Internet makes it easy for students to copy work done by others instead of using their own abilities.
38．The Pew Internet Project did the survey with the help of________.
A．students B．teachers C．parents D．teenagers
39．The underlined word “positive” in Paragraph 1 means “_________” in Chinese.
A．积极的 B．中性的 C．糟糕的 D．模糊的
40．From the survey, we know that _________.
A．digital search tools make students more willing to work hard to find answers
B．students have the ability to judge the online information
C．students are always just the users of the online information
D．digital search tools are helpful to both students and teachers
41．Which of the following is the best title for the passage
A．A Meaningful Survey B．A Digital Age’s Influences
C．Two Sides of Digital Search Tools D．Problems of Using Digital Search Tools
（D）
During a famine (饥荒), rich cook sent for twenty of the poorest children in the town and said to them, “In this basket there is a piece of bread for each of you. Take it and come back to me every day at this hour for more.”
In a hurry, the hungry children got together around the basket, and fought over the bread because each wanted the largest piece. At last they went away without even thanking the good cook. Mary, a poorly-dressed girl, did not fight with the other children, but stood quietly and waited. When the badly-behaved children had left, Mary took the smallest piece, which was all left in the basket. She kissed the cook’s hand and went home.
The next day, the children were as badly-behaved as before. Mary got a piece of bread almost half the size of the one she got on the first day. When she came home, her mother cut the bread open. Many new, shining pieces of silver fell out of it.
Her mother was very worried, and said. “Take the money back to the cook at once. The silver must have fallen into the dough (面团) by accident. Hurry up, Mary.”
When the little girl told the rich man her mother’s message, he said, “It has no mistake. I had the silver pieces put into the smallest bread for you as a prize. Always be as satisfied, peaceable and thankful as you now are. Go home now, and tell your mother that the money is yours.”
42．The girl expressed her thanks to the cook by ________.
A．saying “Thank you.” B．giving money to the cook
C．kissing the cook’s hand D．returning the silver to the cook
43．The cook put the silver pieces into the bread because ________.
A．he wanted to give them to the poorest child. B．Mary’s mother was very worried.
C．he wanted to give them to Mary as a prize. D．Mary’s family was poor.
44．What is the meaning of the underlined word “peaceable” in the passage
A．不争抢的 B．饥饿的 C．诚实的 D．积极的
45．What should be the best title of the passage
A．Some pieces of bread B．A rich cook
C．An honest mother D．Some pieces of silver
第二部分 非选择题（满分：55分）
四、词汇应用（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
46．I can’t imagine (waste) my time on such a meaningless thing.
47．This app may help you when you have difficulty (communicate) with foreigners.
48．Two shopkeepers owned stores (direct) across the street from each other.
49．Several cars drove away from them and then (appear).
50．She spent a (peace) afternoon by the river, reading a novel.
51． (既然) you are free on the weekend, why not join us for a picnic
52．Since some countries offer visa free travel, we can go (到国外) more easily.
53．My father is always busy. He works every day (除了) Sunday.
54．Sally (躺) down on the playground as soon as she finished the 800-meter race.
55．Some people might be (反对) the ideas presented in the book.
五、完成句子（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
56．艾米过去常常睡觉前看书，但现在她听音乐。
Amy , but now she listens to music.
57．最后一天，我们给朋友买了许多礼物。我们非常喜欢这次旅行。
We on the last day. We .
58．杰克下车以后，迫不及待地拍照片。
Jack take photos after he got off the bus.
59．他们之所以兴奋，是因为这部电影太精彩了。
They because the movie was quite wonderful.
60．她是位出色的作家，学学她的写作风格。
, try to copy her style.
六、短文首字母填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）
My family moved here nine years ago and we called the area in front of our house “rock garden” because it was full of rocks.
Last summer, I found a tiny little p 61 in the garden. I didn't know its name. But I knew I didn’t plant it. We decided to let it g 62 . When it grew up, we would find out what it was.
Weeks p 63 , and as I made my way back to the unknown plant, I noticed the flower s 64 to be a sunflower. I decided to take c 65 of it and clear away the grass around it. As I pulled rocks from the area to get to the grass, I noticed something u 66 . The sunflower had not started from the place I saw before. It had begun u 67 a big rock. It was really surprising.
Then I got to know that if a tiny little sunflower didn't let a big rock stand in its w 68 of growing up, we should also have the ability to do the same thing. As a result, we need to believe in o 69 , keeping in mind that we have the abilities to r 70 our dreams. Like the sunflower, it was sure of the success.
Stand tall like the sunflower, be proud of who and what you are and everything around you will begin to support you. You will find a way to make your dreams come true.
七、材料作文（本大题共20分）
71．假如你是李萍， 一名中学生，你的笔友Mary来信，想了解关于中国的一些情况。请根据以下要点，写一篇80词左右的短文介绍中国。短文的开头已经给出，不计入总词数。
要点：
1. 中国位于亚洲东部，有五千年的悠久历史；
2. 中国的首都是北京——一个现代化的大城市；
3. 中国有许多游览胜地。其中，长城是最著名的。每年，来自世界各地的百万游客游览长城；
4. 中国的气候 (climate) 各地不同。南方夏天热，北方冬天冷。
Dear Mary,
Glad to receive your letter. You said you want to know about China in your letter. Now let me talk about it.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Ping
中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
参考答案及试题解析
1．C
【解析】句意：在一小时内完成所有工作是不可能的，我还需要两个小时。
考查形容词辨析。boring无聊的；interesting有趣的；impossible不可能的；easy容易的。根据“I need another two hours”可知，任务无法在一小时内完成，故选C。
2．D
【解析】句意：——肯已经完成了他的工作。你呢？——对不起，我还没有完成。
考查副词辨析。already表示“已经”，yet表示“还”；already常用于肯定句中，yet则多用于否定句、疑问句中，根据语境可知，第一句表示肯已经完成了他的工作，因此用already，第二句表示我还没有完成，因此用yet。故选D。
3．D
【解析】句意：尽管这座古塔已有两千年的历史，但它仍然保存完好。
考查名词辨析。health健康；size尺寸；system系统；condition状况。根据“the old tower”可知，讲述的是古塔经过两千年后，状况依然很好，故选D。
4．C
【解析】句意：——你爸爸在哪里？——他去北京出差了，三天后回来。
考查动词的时态。根据“Where is your father ”以及“and he will come back in three days.”可知，此处指去了北京，还未回来，has gone to“去了”，表示“去了某地且未返回”，符合语境。故选C。
5．D
【解析】句意：彼得中文说得很好，因为他在连云港待了5年。
考查现在完成时。has gone to去了某地还未回来；has been to曾经去过某地（已经回来）；has come to已经来到；has been in待在某地。根据“for 5 years”可知，此处强调持续的状态，需用“has been in”表示“在某地停留（一段时间）”。故选D。
6．C
【解析】句意：在过去的40年里，张桂梅帮助了许多来自云南农村家庭的女孩。
考查时态辨析。helped帮助过，用于一般过去时；is helping正在帮助，用于现在进行时；has helped已经帮助，用于现在完成时；will help将帮助，用于一般将来时。结合语境及“In the past 40 years”可知，此处指张桂梅在过去四十年里一直帮助来自云南农村家庭的女孩，从过去某个时间点开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态应用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has done sth.”。故选C。
7．B
【解析】句意：在哈尔滨冬天滑雪是多么有趣啊！
考查感叹句。a great time“一段时光”，固定搭配，故排除选项A；great fun中fun为不可数名词，故排除选项C；great修饰名词fun，故需“What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语”结构，故选B。
8．B
【解析】句意：那些来自澳大利亚的外国人一周前去往了镇江。
考查动词的时态。since last week自从上周起，应用于现在完成时；a week ago一周前，应用于一般过去时；for a week一周，通常用于现在完成时；since a week ago自从一周前，应用于现在完成时。本句“Those foreigners from Australia left for Zhenjiang…”时态是一般过去时，时间状语应用“a week ago”。故选B。
9．B
【解析】句意：这只母鸡上周下了五个蛋。你把那些鸡蛋放在哪里了？
考查时态。lay放置，下蛋，动词原形/躺，过去式；laid放置，下蛋，过去式/过去分词；lie撒谎，躺，位于，动词原形。根据句意可知，第一空时间状语是last week，应用一般过去时，表达的意思是“下蛋”，应填laid。第二空考查一般过去时的特殊疑问句，did后接动词原形，意思为“放置”，应填lay。故选B。
10．C
【解析】句意：——露西去年假期做什么了？——她和她的家人去海滩了。
考查助动词和时态。does一般现在时第三人称单数形式的助动词；did一般过去时的助动词；do一般现在时的助动词原形；goes一般现在时第三人称单数形式；go原形；went过去式；gone过去分词。根据“last year”可知，句子时态为一般过去时。第一个空所在句是特殊疑问句，一般过去时的特殊疑问句中，实义动词作谓语时，需要借助助动词did；第二个空作句子的谓语，且时态是一般过去时，所以要用动词go的过去式went。故选C。
11．A
【解析】句意：生活中最好的东西通常都是免费的。比如和爷爷奶奶聊天，不用花钱。
考查形容词辨析。free免费的；hard困难的；boring无聊的；important重要的。根据“The best things in life are usually…For example, it costs nothing to chat with grandparents.”可知，此处指的是最好的东西都是免费的。free“免费的”，形容词作表语。故选A。
12．B
【解析】句意：——电影《哪吒2》获得了很多好评。大家都说它很棒。——确实，眼见为实。这个周末为什么不去看看呢？
考查名词辨析。presents礼物；reviews评论；details细节；knowledge知识。根据“Everyone says it’s amazing.”可知，大家都说《哪吒2》很棒，说明它有很多好评，故选B。
13．A
【解析】句意：——晚饭后你能把垃圾拿出去吗？——没问题。
考查情态动词。Could能；Should应该；Must必须；Need需要。根据“you please”及“No problem.”可知，此处表示委婉的请求，用could。故选A。
14．C
【解析】句意：你最好不要吃太多垃圾食品。它对你的健康有害。
考查介词辨析。with和……一起；for为了；to到；over在……上方。be harmful to...(对……有害)，为固定搭配。故选C。
15．C
【解析】句意：我很喜欢这个聚会，但我不得不回家。太晚了。
考查情态动词辨析。mustn’t禁止；may可能；have to不得不；can’t不可能。根据“It’s too late”可知，不得不回家。故选C。
16．B 17．A 18．C 19．D 20．B 21．A 22．B 23．D 24．B 25．C 26．B 27．D 28．B 29．A 30．C
【导语】本文主要围绕马来熊展开，介绍了马来熊的基本信息和独特行为。
16．句意：根据传说，它代表着初升的太阳。
moon月亮；sun太阳；star星星；water水。根据“The sun bear (马来熊) is the smallest member of the bear family.”以及“the rising”可知，马来熊名字中有“sun”，所以这里说它代表着初升的太阳，故选B。
17．句意：通常它们只能长到大约1.5米长，体重25到70公斤。
length长度；weight重量；size尺寸；strength力量。根据“1.5 metres”可知，这里说的是长度，故选A。
18．句意：那样的体型让它们能够轻松地在树间移动。
the ground地面；the river河流；trees树；darkness黑暗。根据“Sun bears live in the rainforest of South East Asia.”可知，马来熊生活在热带雨林，结合它们的体型可知，是在树间移动，故选C。
19．句意：它们通常独自生活，并且很乐意大部分时间都自己度过。
oneself某人自己；yourselves你们自己；itself它自己；themselves它们自己。根据“They usually live alone”可知，主语是“they”，所以用themselves，故选D。
20．句意：他们发现马来熊已经发展出了一种惊人的社交技能。
boring无聊的；surprising令人惊讶的；gentle温柔的；dangerous危险的。根据“They can copy (模仿) other sun bear’s facial expressions (面部表情)”可知，马来熊能模仿其他马来熊的面部表情，这是很令人惊讶的，故选B。
21．句意：它们可以模仿其他马来熊的面部表情作为一种交流方式。
communication交流；information信息；magic魔法；joke玩笑。根据“They can copy (模仿) other sun bear’s facial expressions (面部表情)”可知，模仿面部表情是一种交流方式，故选A。
22．句意：它们甚至可以精确模仿其他马来熊做出的肌肉动作——比如做鬼脸。
doing做；making制作；buying买；selling卖。make a face是固定短语，意为“做鬼脸”，故选B。
23．句意：人类、猿类和其他一些动物比如狗有模仿面部表情的能力。
hobby爱好；way方式；type类型；ability能力。根据“but only humans and apes have the ability to”可知，这里说的是有模仿面部表情的能力，故选D。
24．句意：但是只有人类和猿类有精确模仿面部表情的能力。
directly直接地；exactly精确地；slowly缓慢地；loudly大声地。根据“They can even copy exact muscular (肌肉的) movements that other sun bears make”可知，这里强调精确模仿，故选B。
25．句意：不像猿类（我们的近亲）和狗（和我们生活在一起），马来熊和人类没有亲密的关系。
friends朋友；neighbours邻居；relatives亲戚；owners主人。根据常识可知，猿类和人类是近亲，故选C。
26．句意：马来熊在野外独自生活，但是研究中的马来熊经常温和地一起玩耍。
world世界；wild野外；nature自然；zoo动物园。根据“Sun bears live alone”以及常识可知，马来熊在野外独自生活，in the wild意为“在野外”，故选B。
27．句意：有时它们以更快的动作玩耍，比如撞击和撕咬。
words单词；letters字母；languages语言；actions动作。根据“as hitting and biting”可知，撞击和撕咬是动作，故选D。
28．句意：科学家不确定马来熊相互之间传递的是什么信息。
gifts礼物；messages信息；news新闻；advice建议。根据“the sun bears were sending to one another”可知，是传递信息，故选B。
29．句意：如果马来熊独自生活，那为什么它们进化到能够理解它们的伙伴什么时候想玩耍呢？
play玩耍；eat吃；sleep睡觉；walk散步。根据“but the bears in the study often played gently with each other.”可知，这里说的是理解伙伴什么时候想玩耍，故选A。
30．句意：科学家也想知道有多少其他种类的动物有相同的能力。
how far多远；how soon多久以后；how many多少（修饰可数名词复数）；how much多少（修饰不可数名词）。根据“other kinds of animals”可知，这里问的是数量，且“animals”是可数名词复数，所以用how many，故选C。
31．B 32．A 33．D
【导语】本文主要讲述Benito和他的祖父在除夕夜吃葡萄庆祝新年的故事。
31．细节理解题。根据“He put twelve grapes into a cup. Benito pulled twelve more grapes. He put them into another cup.”可知，Benito为祖父和自己各准备了12颗葡萄，总共24颗，故选B。
32．细节理解题。根据“Each grape is for one month of the new year. We eat the grapes to wish that each month of the new year would be sweet.”可知，吃12颗葡萄意味着希望新年的每个月都甜甜蜜蜜，故选A。
33．推理判断题。根据“I have been eating twelve grapes on New Year’s Eve since I was a little boy. It is one of my favourite Spanish traditions.”以及Benito对传统的认同可知，Benito会在下一个新年夜继续吃12颗葡萄，故选D。
34．A 35．B 36．C 37．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了一种新型旅游方式——特种兵式旅游。
34．细节理解题。根据“Yu always made plans carefully before taking trips.”可知，余总是在旅行前仔细制定计划。故选A。
35．细节理解题。根据余说的“Though I was kind of tired, I enjoyed the trip as much as days-long trips.”可知，余认为旅程虽然累但愉快，故选B。
36．细节理解题。根据陈所的“This kind of tourism can make me feel better,”可知，她明确表达了对这种旅游方式的喜爱，故选C。
37．推理判断题。通读全文可知，全文通过两位学生的例子介绍了“特种兵式旅游”的兴起、特点和体验，主要目的是向读者介绍这一新型旅游模式，故选A。
38．B 39．A 40．D 41．C
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讨论了数字时代对美国青少年的双重影响。
38．细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句“The Pew Internet Project did the survey with the College Board and the National Writing Project.”可知皮尤互联网项目与大学理事会和国家写作项目合作进行了这项调查，即调查是在教师组织的帮助下完成的。故选B。
39．词句猜测题。根据文章第一段“Most teachers think the Internet and digital search tools have had a mostly positive influence on their students’ research habits and skills.”可知大多数教师认为互联网和数字搜索工具对学生的研究习惯和技能产生了积极的影响。结合上下文，“positive”在此处意为“积极的”。故选A。
40．推理判断题。根据文章第二段Judy Buchanan的话“digital research tools are helping students learn more, and learn faster… Both teachers and students really welcome these tools”可推知，数字搜索工具对师生都有帮助。故选D。
41．最佳标题题。文章既提到数字搜索工具的积极影响（如提升学习效率），也提到其负面影响（如注意力分散、过度依赖网络信息等），因此标题应体现“双重影响”。故选C。
42．C 43．C 44．A 45．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述饥荒时期一位富有的厨师每天为贫困儿童分发面包，女孩玛丽因谦逊有礼而获得藏在面包中的银币作为奖励的故事。
42．细节理解题。根据“She kissed the cook’s hand and went home.”可知，玛丽通过亲吻厨师的手表达感谢。故选C。
43．细节理解题。根据“It has no mistake. I had the silver pieces put into the smallest bread for you as a prize.”可知，银币是特意奖励玛丽的。故选C。
44．词句猜测题。根据“stood quietly and waited”可知，小女孩安静地站着等待自己的食物，应是不争抢的个性，所以划线部分的含义是“不争抢的”。故选A。
45．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，全文围绕“银币”展开：银币被藏在面包中，被发现，玛丽去归还银币，以及银币是厨师特意奖励玛丽的，最终归属玛丽可知，最佳标题应是D项“一些银币”。故选D。
46．wasting
【解析】句意：我无法想象把时间浪费在这样毫无意义的事情上。waste“浪费”，是动词，imagine doing sth“想象做某事”，故填wasting。
47．communicating
【解析】句意：当你与外国人交流有困难时，这个应用程序可能会帮助你。have difficulty (in) doing sth“做某事有困难”，空处用动名词形式。故填communicating。
48．directly
【解析】句意：两位店主拥有的店铺彼此正好在街道的正对面。根据“Two shopkeepers owned stores … (direct) across the street from each other.”可知，这里需要一个副词作状语，表示“正好，恰好”的意思。direct的副词形式有directly，它有“直接地；正好地”等含义，符合此处语境。故填directly。
49．disappeared
【解析】句意：几辆车从他们身边开走，随后消失了。根据“Several cars drove away from them”可知，车子看不见了。disappear消失，是动词，时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填disappeared。
50．peaceful
【解析】句意：她在河边度过了一个宁静的下午，读着小说。空处修饰名词afternoon，用形容词peaceful“宁静的”，作定语。故填peaceful。
51．Since
【解析】句意：既然你周末有空，为什么不和我们一起去野餐呢？根据英文句子及汉语提示词可知，空后为原因状语从句，since“既然”，引导原因状语从句，并且位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Since。
52．abroad
【解析】句意：由于一些国家提供免签证旅行，我们可以更容易地前往国外。abroad“到国外”，副词。故填abroad。
53．except
【解析】句意：我爸爸总是忙。除了星期天，他每天都工作。except“除了”，介词。故填except。
54．lay
【解析】 句意：莎莉一跑完800米赛跑就躺在了操场上。根据“she finished the 800-meter race”可知，时态为一般过去时，lie“躺”，是动词，过去式是lay。故填lay。
55．against
【解析】句意：一些人可能反对书里呈现的观点。 根据题意，“反对”英语为against，介词；be against sth.“反对某事”，介词against符合题意。故填against。
56．used to read books before sleeping/used to read books before going to bed
【解析】根据中英文提示，此处缺少“过去常常睡觉前看书”的表达；过去常常做某事used to do sth；看书read books；在睡觉之前before sleeping/going to bed。故填used to read books before sleeping/going to bed。
57．bought a lot of presents for our friends enjoyed this trip very much
【解析】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺少内容“给朋友买了许多礼物”以及“非常喜欢这次旅行”。buy sth for sb“为某人买某物”，a lot of“许多”，present“礼物”，此处应用名词复数，our friends“我们的朋友们”，enjoy“喜欢”，this trip“这次旅行”，very much“非常”；且描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填bought a lot of presents for our friends；enjoyed this trip very much。
58．couldn’t wait to
【解析】“迫不及待做某事”为can’t wait to do；根据“after he got off the bus”可知， 该句为一般过去时，can’t用过去式couldn’t ，故填couldn’t wait to。
59．felt/were excited
【解析】对比所给中英文可知，设空处为“感到兴奋”；feel/be excited“感到兴奋”，句子时态为一般过去时，主语为“They”，be动词用were。故填felt/were；excited。
60．She is a good writer
【解析】she“她”；is“是”；a good writer“一位出色的作家”。故填She is a good writer。
61．(p)lant 62．(g)row 63．(p)assed 64．(s)eemed 65．(c)are 66．(u)nusual 67．(u)nder 68．(w)ay 69．(o)urselves 70．(r)ealize
【导语】这篇文章讲述的是作者家九年前搬到新地方，把屋前的区域称为“岩石花园”，因为那里有很多石头。去年夏天，作者在花园里发现了一株小植物，后来发现是一棵向日葵，尽管它从大石头下生长出来，这让他们意识到要像向日葵一样克服困难，实现梦想。
61．句意：去年夏天，我在花园里发现了一株小小的植物。根据“a tiny little”可知，此处应填入可数名词单数；根据后面的“I didn’t plant it”和后面的描述，应该是指植物，plant“植物”符合。故填(p)lant。
62．句意：我们决定让它生长。根据“let it...”和“When it grew up, we would find out what it was.”可知，此处填入动词原词（let sb/sth do“让某人某物/做某事”），表示让植物“生长”，用grow“生长”，故填(g)row。
63．句意：几周过去了，当我再次回到那株不知名的植物旁时，我发现那朵花似乎是向日葵。根据“Weeks...”和“made”可知，此处应用动词过去式；结合首字母和句意，这里应该是指时间的流逝，所以用“passed”。故填(p)assed。
64．句意：几周过去了，当我再次回到那株不知名的植物旁时，我发现那朵花似乎是向日葵。根据“the flower...to be a sunflower.”可知，此处表示作者注意到花开始看起来像向日葵，seem to“似乎”，句子为一般过去时。故填(s)eemed。
65．句意：我决定照料它，把周围的杂草清理掉。根据“take...of it”可知，此处表示“照顾”植物，用固定搭配take care of“照顾”。故填(c)are。
66．句意：当我从那片区域搬开石头去拔草时，我注意到了一件不同寻常的事。根据“something...”可知，这里用形容词作后置定语，指一些不寻常的事情，结合首字母，用“unusual不寻常的”。故填(u)nusual。
67．句意：它是从一块大石头下面开始生长的。根据“The sunflower had not started from the place I saw before. It had begun...a big rock”可知，此处表示向日葵从石头下开始生长，应该用介词“under”。故填(u)nder。
68．句意：后来我了解到，如果一朵小小的向日葵都不让一块大石头阻挡自己成长的道路，那我们也应该具备同样的能力。根据“stand in its...”可知，此处应用名词；stand in one’s way意为“挡路”，故填(w)ay。
69．句意：因此，我们要相信自己，牢记自己有能力实现梦想。根据“we need to believe in...”可知，这里表示相信我们“自己”，主语是we，此处用反身代词“ourselves”。故填(o)urselves。
70．句意：因此，我们要相信自己，牢记自己有能力实现梦想。根据“have the abilities to...our dreams.”可知，此处用动词原形（have abilities to do有能力做某事），表示“实现”梦想；结合首字母，realize“实现”符合，故填(r)ealize。
71．例文：
Dear Mary,
Glad to receive your letter. You said you want to know about China in your letter. Now let me talk about it.
China is in the east of Asia and has a long history of about 5, 000 years. Its capital is Beijing. It is a big and modern city in China. There are many places of interest in our country. Among them, the Great Wall is the most famous. Every year, millions of people from all over the world come to visit it.
The climate in China is different from place to place. It is hot in the south in summer and itis cold in the north in winter.
Welcome to China some day and I’ll show you around.
Yours,
Li Ping
【解析】[总体分析]
题材：本文是一篇书信作文。
时态：主要时态是一般现在时；
提示：需要根据给出的要点，以书信形式介绍中国的基本情况。
[写作步骤]
第一步，表明写作目的，简单的问候；
第二步，从“地理、历史、旅游胜地以及气候”等方面介绍中国；
第三步，热情邀请Mary来中国，并承诺带她游览。
[亮点词汇]
①in the east of Asia亚洲的东部
②a long history悠久的历史
③places of interest旅游胜地
[亮点句型]
①Glad to receive your letter. (省略句)
②There are many places of interest in our country. (There be句型)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
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