阅读理解之说明文
备战2025年中考英语新课标（核心素养）二轮复习之优秀生拔高重难题型特训
【预测分析】
一、重难点分析
说明文以解释事实、阐明原理或介绍事物为主，逻辑性强但语言客观。其难点在于理解抽象概念、把握结构层次及区分事实与观点，具体包括：
1、结构与逻辑分析
重点：识别说明文的常见结构（如总分总、问题-解决、时间顺序），理清段落间的逻辑关系（因果、对比、举例）。
难点：处理复杂逻辑链（如多步骤说明或隐含因果关系）。
2、专业术语与长难句理解
重点：掌握常见学科词汇（如科技类：algorithm算法；环保类：carbon emission碳排放）。
难点：分析长难句的主干（如嵌套定语从句、被动语态）。
3、细节定位与干扰项排除
高频考点：数据、步骤、特征、优缺点等具体信息。
陷阱设置：偷换概念（如将“reduce”改为“eliminate”）、无中生有（原文未提及的结论）。
4、推理与主旨归纳
重点：根据说明目的推断作者意图（如呼吁环保行动）。
难点：区分主旨（central idea）与细节（specific fact）。
二、解题步骤与技巧
Step 1：通读全文，把握结构
标记段落主题句：通常为首句或末句，概括段落核心。
绘制逻辑图：用符号标注因果（∵→）、对比（vs.）或步骤顺序（①→②）。
Step 2：定位细节信息
关键词定位法：根据题干中的数字、专有名词（如人名、技术术语）回原文定位。
注意限定词：如“main purpose”需关注首尾段，“best describes”需匹配最佳选项。
Step 3：分析逻辑与推理
因果推断：若文中提到“due to”或“as a result”，需关联前后信息。
观点与事实区分：事实（客观描述） vs. 观点（subjective statements，如“may be”）。
Step 4：验证答案与检查
同义替换验证：正确选项常对原文进行改写（如“efficient”对应“save time and energy”）。
排除绝对化选项：如“only, absolutely”可能错误。
三、2025年命题预测与备考建议
1. 命题趋势预测
主题聚焦科技与生活：可能涉及人工智能应用（如智能家居）、新能源技术（氢能源汽车）、健康科普（脑科学新发现）。
跨学科融合：结合地理（气候变化机制）、生物（基因编辑伦理）、历史（古代发明原理）。
题型创新：可能出现“图文结合”（如流程图配文说明）或“一题多问”（同一题干下分步提问）。
2. 备考建议
强化结构化训练：每日练习1篇说明文，用思维导图梳理文章框架（如“问题-解决方案”结构）。
积累学科高频词汇：
科技类：innovation（创新）, sustainable（可持续的）
环保类：recycle（回收）, renewable energy（可再生能源）
精析长难句：拆分复杂句主干（主谓宾），忽略插入语（如插入的例子或解释）。
真题研究：分析近3年扬州中考说明文（如2023年“垃圾分类指南”侧重细节匹配）。
3. 易错点提醒
避免过度解读：说明文答案需严格基于文本，忌主观联想（如“作者可能支持某政策”若无依据则错误）。
警惕“偷换概念”：干扰项可能替换原文关键词（如将“renewable”改为“non-renewable”）。
注意单位与数据：如“increase by 20%”与“increase to 20%”含义不同。
四、示例演练（以“科技类”说明文为例）
原文节选 ：
The new solar-powered vehicle, Solaris, uses advanced batteries that store energy even on cloudy days. Unlike traditional cars, it emits zero pollution and can run up to 500 kilometers on a single charge. However, its high cost remains a challenge for widespread use.
问题 ：What is the main advantage of Solaris compared to traditional cars
A. Lower cost
B. Zero pollution
C. Longer charging time
D. Larger storage capacity
解析 ：
定位关键词“advantage”及对比词“unlike”，原文明确提到“zero pollution”，对应选项B。
干扰项A（低成本）与原文“high cost”矛盾；C、D未提及。
总结：
说明文需重点突破结构分析与长难句拆解，考生应通过系统训练提升逻辑思维与信息定位能力。结合2025年命题趋势，关注科技、环保等主题，并强化“同义替换”与“干扰项排除”技巧，确保高效解题！
【基础试题】
A
Time management is the greatest challenge for me in high school. I have to take good care of my subjects, activities, social life and rest. I was often angry with my family members just because I didn’t plan my time well. For example, I might shout at them for troubling me when I was working. And sometimes I might say something bad to them when I missed deadlines, even if it was actually my fault for cramming everything in (把所有事情堆积起来) at the last minute.
As time goes by, I realize that time management is very important in our everyday life. The best advice to deal with time management is “break it into bits”. It’s really important for you to learn how to break a big project into small, manageable tasks. Then you can work progressively and have a sense of achievement whenever you’ve done with a small part.
Another piece of advice is to plan a timetable for yourself. It doesn’t have to be the one that you follow completely. It’s just there to serve as a guide. You can compare your actual timetable with the planned one to see how well you actually use your time. The final suggestion is to always set deadlines for yourself.
1．For the writer, what’s the best advice to manage time
A．To miss deadlines. B．To cram everything in at the last minute.
C．To break a big project into bits. D．To follow the timetable completely.
2．According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE
A．The writer studies in a university.
B．It’s impossible to break a big project into small tasks.
C．The writer always knows how to manage time well.
D．A timetable can serve you as a guide.
3．How many pieces of advice does the writer give
A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.
4．What’s the best title for the passage
A．A Sense of Achievement. B．Time Management.
C．A Timetable Planning. D．Deadline Setting.
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．B
【难度】0.85
【知识点】时间管理、说明文、意见/建议
【导语】本文主要讲述作者通过自己的经历给出了时间管理方面的建议。
1．细节理解题。根据“The best advice to deal with time management is ‘break it into bits’.”可知，对于作者来说，管理时间的最佳建议是把一个大项目分解成小块。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据“Another piece of advice is to plan a timetable for yourself…It’s just there to serve as a guide.”可知，时间表可以作为你的指南。故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据“The best advice to deal with time management is ‘break it into bits’.”、“Another piece of advice is to plan a timetable for yourself”以及“The final suggestion is to always set deadlines for yourself.”可知，一共给出了三条建议。故选C。
4．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述作者通过自己的经历给出了时间管理方面的建议。故选B。
B
Although experts cannot agree on everything, studies show that the ancestors of the modern guitar first appeared in history several thousand years ago. The oldest guitar-like instrument that has been found and saved belonged to an officer in Egypt in 1503 BC． This instrument had three strings (弦) and was made of beautifully polished wood. A century later, Hittite craftsmen (工匠) made stone model showing a man playing an instrument like a guitar.
As people began to move to new areas and spread their culture, guitar instruments moved, too. Each new people group changed the design to best fit their own musical sounds. The number of strings changed, and the material used to make the instrument changed, too. People of ancient Africa, the Middle East, and Greece all played stringed instruments. The North African Moors played the oud and brought it to Spain around AD 700. There, it probably mixed with the Greek cithera and the Middle Eastern tanbur. Out of this mix came the Spanish guitarra.
Names for the different stringed instruments all finally centered around the Persian word tar, which means “string”. The kithara, chartar, sitar, guitarra, and guiterre were all instruments that are similar to today’s guitar. However, the modern guitar really began to take shape around the 19th century. Torres, a Spanish guitar maker, improved it so much that his design has remained almost unchanged until today.
European immigrants (移民) brought Torres’s design to America, where it became popular. In fact, the guitar plays an important part in what many people consider true American music: blues, jazz, and rock and roll. The 20th century brought electric guitars and new ways of using the guitar in music. Today. the instrument remains one of the most popular in the world.
1．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text
A．The modern guitar appeared in the 20th century in Spain.
B．The earliest guitar-like instrument was found in 1503 BC．
C．The number of guitar strings remains the same all the time.
D．The guitar-like instrument was invented by Hittite craftsmen.
2．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A．Cithera. B．Tanbur. C．Oud. D．Guitarra.
3．Which is the correct order of the following events
①Torres’s design was brought to America.
②Spanish guitarra came out of cithera and tanbur.
③Torres improved the instrument.
④The Moors brought the oud to Spain.
A．④③②① B．①④③② C．③①④② D．④②③①
4．What’s the text mainly about
A．The value of the guitar. B．The development of the guitar.
C．The inventor of the guitar. D．The famous pieces of guitar music.
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．B
【难度】0.85
【知识点】科普知识、说明文
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了吉他的发展历史。
1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The oldest guitar-like instrument that has been found and saved belonged to an officer in Egypt in 1503 BC.”可知，最古老的类似吉他的乐器是在公元前1503年被发现的。故选B。
2．代词指代题。根据文章第二段“The North African Moors played the oud and brought it to Spain around AD 700. There, it probably mixed with the Greek cithera and the Middle Eastern tanbur. Out of this mix came the Spanish guitarra.”可知，it指代的是oud，oud和希腊的cithera和中东的tanbur混合，产生了西班牙的guitarra。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The North African Moors played the oud and brought it to Spain around AD 700.”可知，④“摩尔人把oud带到了西班牙”是最先发生的；根据文章第二段“Out of this mix came the Spanish guitarra.”可知，②“西班牙吉他来自cithera和tanbur”是接着发生的；根据文章第三段“Torres, a Spanish guitar maker, improved it so much that his design has remained almost unchanged until today.”可知，③“Torres改进了乐器”是再次发生的；根据文章第四段“European immigrants (移民) brought Torres’s design to America, where it became popular.”可知，①“Torres的设计被带到了美国”是最后发生的。故选D。
4．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Although experts cannot agree on everything, studies show that the ancestors of the modern guitar first appeared in history several thousand years ago.”可知，文章主要讲述了吉他的发展历史。故选B。
C
Nowadays, many people prefer audiobooks, a more convenient choice, to old-fashioned reading. You can listen to the latest bestseller while commuting or cleaning up the house. But is listening to a book really the same as reading one There’s some evidence that reading on a screen reduces learning and comprehension (理解力) compared to reading from printed text.
If you’re wondering why printed books may be better than screen-based reading, it may have to do with your inability to tell where you are in an audiobook. “As you’re reading a story, the order of events is important, and knowing where you are in a book helps you build the storyline,” says Daniel Willingham, a professor of psychology.
The self-directed pace (速度) related to reading may also differentiate books from audiobooks. “About 10% to 15% of eye movements during reading are actually regressive,” Willingham explains. “This happens very quickly when a reader needs to re-read a sentence or a passage to better understand its content. And it’s sort of naturally fit into the process of reading a sentence.” He thinks this reading behavior almost certainly improves comprehension.
A study in 2010 found students who listened to a podcast lesson performed worse on a comprehension quiz than students who read the same lesson on paper. Interestingly, at the start of the experiment, almost all the students wanted to be in the podcast group. “But then right before I gave them the quiz, I asked them again which group they would want to be in, and most of them had changed their minds—they wanted to be in the reading group,” Willingham says. “They knew they hadn’t learned as much.”
But audiobooks also have some strengths. “Human beings have been sharing information orally for tens of thousands of years,” Willingham says, “while the printed word is a much more recent invention.” When we’re reading, we’re applying parts of the brain to the cognitive task of reading. Listeners, on the other hand, can get a lot of information from a speaker’s lively pronunciation or intonations. People who hear Shakespeare spoken out loud tend to gain a lot of meaning from the actor’s performance.
All that said, if you’ re reading or listening for relaxation—not for work or study—the differences between audiobooks and print books are probably “small potatoes”. If you are not, that’s where personal preference and the specific context of your reading or listening experience come into play.
1．What does the word “regressive” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean
A．Recording what you read. B．Explaining what you read.
C．Returning to what you read. D．Comparing with what you read.
2．Which of the following would Professor Willingham most probably agree with
A．Reading printed books keeps people more relaxed.
B．Listening to audiobooks gives people a better understanding.
C．Listening to audiobooks helps people build a clear stroyline.
D．Reading printed books allows people to read at their own pace.
3．Why does the writer mention the 2010 study in Paragraph 4
A．To show the benefits of listening to audiobooks.
B．To express the effectiveness of listening to audiobooks.
C．To prove that printed books can make us work or study better.
D．To stress that choosing what kind of books depends on our needs.
4．Who would probably choose to read printed books
A．People who are doing some housework.
B．People who plan to take an oral examination.
C．People who get ready to perform on the stage.
D．People who prepare for the comprehension test.
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．D
【难度】0.85
【知识点】阅读、说明文
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了与阅读印刷文本相比，在屏幕上阅读会降低学习和理解力。
1．词句猜测题。根据“This happens very quickly when a reader needs to re-read a sentence or a passage to better understand its content.”可知，阅读过程中大约10% 到15% 的眼球运动实际上是倒退的。regressive的意思为“倒退的”，与选项C“回到你所读的内容”意思相近。故选C。
2．推理判断题。根据“The self-directed pace related to reading may also differentiate books from audiobooks.”和“He thinks this reading behavior almost certainly improves comprehension”可推测，威廉汉姆教授很可能同意阅读印刷书籍可以让人们按照自己的节奏阅读。故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据“A study in 2010 found students who listened to a podcast lesson performed worse on a comprehension quiz than students who read the same lesson on paper.”可知，作者在第四段中提到2010年的研究是为了证明印刷书籍可以让我们更好地工作或学习。故选C。
4．推理判断题。根据“There’s some evidence that reading on a screen reduces learning and comprehension compared to reading from printed text.”可知，在屏幕上阅读会降低学习和理解力。可推测准备理解测试的人应阅读印刷书籍。故选D。
【提升试题】
A
①In the near future, we may be able to taste food and drinks “online” before buying them. A new tool made by scientists at Ohio State University in the US makes it possible to share taste on the internet, reported Science Daily.
②When we eat or drink, our teeth and tongues (舌头) break the food into little pieces. During this process, very small things called molecules (分子) come out of these pieces. The taste buds (味蕾) on our tongues catch these molecules and “tell” the brain about them. The brain then knows what flavors (味道) we’re tasting.
③How does the tool work The “e-Taste” tool has two main parts. The first part works like our tongues. It checks for five special chemicals (化学成分) in food or drinks, said The Guardian. These chemicals give different flavors like sweet, sour and salty.
④After getting this information, the first part can send it to the second part of the tool, even if it’s in another city. The second parts then mixes the five chemicals with water to make new liquids (液体). People can taste these flavors by drinking the liquids. It even worked when the tool’s two parts were as far as over 500 kilometers apart in the study.
⑤In this way, “e-Taste” offers a more immersive way to explore products without physical samples. This could reduce food waste from trial products and empower consumers to make informed choices, blending science with practicality in everyday life.
⑥Scientists believe “e-Taste” can be used in many ways to improve online experiences. For example, it can help make online classes and gaming experiences more fun.
1．Why does the writer say “the first part works like our tongues”
A．Because it contains different chemicals. B．Because it can catch chemicals in food.
C．Because it can give out different flavors. D．Because it can move freely like our tongues.
2．How does the writer show how the “e-Taste” tool works
A．By asking questions. B．By giving suggestions.
C．By giving explanations. D．By listing facts.
3．What can “e-Taste” do according to the passage
A．Improve the flavors of food and drinks.
B．Help people become better cooks.
C．Improve people’s online shopping experience.
D．Teach people to play games with pictures online.
4．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage
A． B．
C． D．
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．B
【难度】0.65
【知识点】科学技术、科普知识、说明文
【导语】本文主要介绍了一种名为“e-Taste”的新工具，它能让人们在网上“品尝”食物和饮料，通过模拟味觉传递味道信息，并探讨了该工具的应用前景。
1．细节理解题。根据“The first part works like our tongues. It checks for five special chemicals (化学成分) in food or drinks”可知，说明它像舌头那样能够“捕捉”食物中的化学成分（味觉分子），故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据“How does the tool work The ‘e-Taste’ tool has two main parts.”及“After getting this information, the first part can send it to the second part of the tool, even if it’s in another city.”可知，文中先解释人的味觉原理，再分步骤说明“e‐Taste”工具的两部分如何协作，属于“通过解释说明”来介绍其工作方式。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据“In the near future, we may be able to taste food and drinks ‘online’ before buying them.”及“Scientists believe ‘e-Taste’ can be used in many ways to improve online experiences.”可知，“e-Taste”可以通过多种方式改善在线购物体验。故选C。
4．篇章结构题。文章结构可概括为：第1段：引出话题（介绍“e‐Taste”）；第2段：阐述味觉原理（事实背景）；第3‐4段：具体说明“e‐Taste”的工作原理（主要功能）；第5段：它带来的好处和作用（功能延伸/意义）；第6段：可能的进一步用途或前景（未来应用）。选项B所示的结构符合，故选B。
B
Your Internet experience is ruined when the net speed is too slow-it takes so long to open a web page and the reality show you’re watching stops every now and then. That can be very annoying. But it could be a thing of the past. In the near future, major telecom carriers will start to provide 5G services.
What is 5G What difference will it really make to our lives
The “G” in “5G” refers to the generations of mobile network technologies.
1G let us talk to each other, 2G let us send messages, 3G gave us mobile data and the Internet, and 4G made all of these things faster. Now 5G promises much faster data download and upload speeds, and more stable connections. This means that you will be able to download an HD movie in seconds and only experience a short delay (延迟) between sending and, receiving data. For example, when you have a video chat with your friend, there is generally a 100 to 200 milliseconds delay with 4G, but 5G will reduce the delay to 1 millisecond or less, which is almost real time.
5G will be able to improve many advanced technologies, such as driver-less cars, wearable devices and entertainment. With a 5G network, the short delay in information exchange will allow driverless cars to run more safely, as they will be able to communicate in real time and avoid potential dangers. Meanwhile, 5G enabled wearable devices will keep doctors updated on the health status of their patients and alert them immediately if there’s something wrong. Besides, VR games will become more popular with 5G. The short delay of 5G will make the games feel even more real.
Though 5G will make our lives more convenient, it will not be perfect. For one thing, 5G will not “travel” far. On 4G networks, you can be 10 kilometers away from the nearest transmission base (基站) and hardly lose signals. But 5G will only cover about 300 meters, meaning that we will need more transmitters so that we can get signals. And in order to use 5G, we will have to buy new products specifically designed for 5G that are expensive.
1．The “G” in “5G” is short for “________”.
A．Grams B．Generations C．Games D．Grades
2．Which question does Paragraph 4 answer
A．How much does 5G cost in real time B．Why will 5G reduce the delay
C．How will 5G improve driverless cars D．What changes will 5G bring us
3．What does the underlined word “alert” mean in Paragraph 5
A．Warn. B．Suggest. C．Improve. D．Support.
4．What is the problem of 5G according to the last paragraph
A．It does harm to our health because of the strong signal.
B．People lose signals easily although 5G can travel farther.
C．It needs more transmission bases in order to get signals.
D．People must buy new and big products designed for 5G.
【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C
【难度】0.65
【知识点】信息技术、科普知识、科学技术、说明文
【导语】本文主要讲了什么是5G网络，以及5G将会带给我们什么。
1．细节理解题。根据第三段的第一句“The “G” in “5G” refers to the generations of mobile network technologies.”可知，G指的是Generations。故选B。
2．段落大意题。第四段主要讲了5G技术带来的改变：改善先进技术、缩短信息交换的延迟、实现线上实时医疗、提升 VR 游戏体验感等。故此段应该是回答“What changes will 5G bring us ”这个问题。故选D。
3．词义猜测题。句意：5G技术可以使医生随时了解病人的状况，并且在出现情况时及时提醒他们。warn的意思是“提醒；警告”，符合句意。故选A。
4．细节理解题。根据最后一段第三句“But 5G will only cover about 300 meters, meaning that we will need more transmitters so that we can get signals.”可知5G技术的局限在于它需要更多的发射器基站来实现远距离传输。故选C。
C
“Nezha 2” has recently become a hot-topic among movie-goers, continuing the epic tale of the fearless young hero Nezha. This sequel not only brings back the beloved characters but also unfolds a more complex and engaging story.
The movie begins with Nezha facing new challenges. After the events of the first film, where he defied fate and saved his hometown, Nezha has gained fame, but also new enemies. A powerful and mysterious dark force emerges, threatening to plunge the world into chaos. This dark force has unique magical abilities that can disrupt the balance of the three realms-the celestial realm, the human realm, and the demon realm.
Nezha, along with his loyal friends including Ao Bing, sets out on a new adventure to stop this threat. However, their journey is filled with hardships. They have to travel through dangerous and uncharted lands, encounter strange creatures, and solve ancient puzzles. Nezha, who is known for his impulsive nature, must learn to control his emotions and use his powerful magic more wisely. For example, in one scene, when they are trapped in a magical maze, Nezha’s initial attempt to break through with brute force only makes the situation worse. It is through teamwork and his new - found patience that they manage to find a way out.
The visual effects in “Nezha 2” are truly stunning. The battles between the forces of good and evil are depicted with vivid colors and spectacular magical displays. The animation team has outdone themselves in creating detailed and imaginative landscapes, from the floating islands of the celestial realm to the fiery depths of the demon world.
Moreover, the movie delves deeper into the themes of friendship, responsibility, and the true meaning of heroism. Nezha and his friends’ unwavering loyalty to each other is tested time and time again, but they always stand by one another. And Nezha’s growing understanding of his responsibility as a hero, not just to his hometown but to the entire world, adds a profound layer to the story.
1．What is the main threat in “Nezha 2”
A．Nezha’s own impulsive nature. B．A powerful and mysterious dark force.
C．The jealousy of other heroes. D．The lack of trust among Nezha’s friends.
2．Why does Nezha need to control his emotions
A．Because his emotions can trigger natural disasters.
B．Because his friends are tired of his bad temper.
C．Because uncontrolled emotions make it harder to solve problems.
D．Because the dark force can use his emotions against him.
3．What can we learn about the visual effects in “Nezha 2”
A．They are simple but effective.
B．They are mainly focused on the characters’ expressions.
C．They are stunning with vivid colors and spectacular magical displays.
D．They are not as good as those in the first movie.
4．What themes does “Nezha 2” explore
A．Love, betrayal, and revenge.
B．Friendship, responsibility, and the true meaning of heroism.
C．Greed, power, and corruption.
D．Luck, destiny, and the afterlife.
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．B
【难度】0.65
【知识点】电影与戏剧、说明文
【导语】本文主要讲述了电影《哪吒2》的故事情节和主题。
1．细节理解题。根据“A powerful and mysterious dark force emerges, threatening to plunge the world into chaos”可知，所以主要威胁是强大神秘的黑暗力量，故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据“For example, in one scene, when they are trapped in a magical maze, Nezha’s initial attempt to break through with brute force only makes the situation worse.”可知，当被困魔法迷宫时，哪吒一开始用蛮力突围使情况更糟，所以情绪失控不利于解决问题，他需要控制情绪，故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据“The visual effects in ‘Nezha 2’ are truly stunning. The battles between the forces of good and evil are depicted with vivid colors and spectacular magical displays”可知，《哪吒2》的视觉效果确实令人惊叹。善与恶势力之间的战斗用生动的色彩和壮观的魔法表演来描绘。故选C。
4．主旨大意题。根据“Moreover, the movie delves deeper into the themes of friendship, responsibility, and the true meaning of heroism.”可知，电影深入探讨了友谊、责任和英雄主义的真正含义，故选B。
【拔高试题】
A
Chinese young adults are staying up later than ever. A recent survey found that the average bedtime in China is now 00:18, 17 minutes later than last year.
There are two main reasons of it. The first is Late Nights and Mobile Phones. About 80% of college students stay awake past midnight, with 25% falling asleep after 2 am. Smartphones are a major cause of this trend. Data from 150,000 wearable devices (设备) shows that longer phone use leads to later bedtimes. The other one is Bedtime Procrastination (拖延). On social media, young people’s bedtime is put off because the young think after daytime work, they are mindless in bed watching short videos or reading novels until midnight and unwilling to end the day. They hold the opinion that comparing with work, nighttime is like escape.
Later sleep always leads to sleep problems. They are rising nationwide. About 65% of people in the survey show the facts of insomnia (失眠), waking up too early, or snoring (打鼾). Health experts stressed that healthy sleep requires more than just hours, people need to improve sleep quality by keeping bedrooms cool and dark, avoiding screens before bed, listening to some white noise and sleeping on time. It’s also helpful to do some proper exercise.
In order to work for long-term health, put sleep in the first place from now one and try to leave late-night freedom behind.
1．What is Paragraph 2 talking about
A．The differences of sleep between students and workers.
B．Young people can’t fall asleep because of wearable devices.
C．The reason of Bedtime Procrastination .
D．The main causes of later bedtime.
2．What can we probably infer from the passage
A．If people sleep too late, it will be easier for them to fall asleep.
B．Chinese young adults slept at 00:11 in the survey last year.
C．Young people like to work in the midnight to escape the day.
D．Late bedtime makes more people have long-term health problems.
3．How many ways of improving sleep quality are there in Paragraph 3
A．3. B．4. C．5. D．6.
4．Where can people read the passage
A．A storybook. B．An art show. C．A guidebook. D．A magazine.
【答案】1．D 2．D 3．C 4．D
【难度】0.4
【知识点】青少年问题、健康与运动、科普知识、说明文、意见/建议
【分析】本文主要介绍了中国年轻人睡眠时间越来越晚，主要原因包括深夜使用手机和睡前拖延症，这会导致睡眠问题，专家建议改善睡眠质量的方法。
1．主旨大意题。根据第二段“There are two main reasons of it. The first is Late Nights and Mobile Phones.”和“The other one is Bedtime Procrastination.”以及全段可知，本段主要介绍了晚睡的两个主要原因：手机使用和拖延睡觉。故选D。
2．推理判断题。根据第三段“Later sleep always leads to sleep problems.”和“About 65% of people in the survey show the facts of insomnia, waking up too early, or snoring.”可知，晚睡会导致睡眠问题，约65%的人存在失眠、早醒或打鼾等健康问题。故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据第三段“Health experts stressed that healthy sleep requires more than just hours, people need to improve sleep quality by keeping bedrooms cool and dark, avoiding screens before bed, listening to some white noise and sleeping on time. It’s also helpful to do some proper exercise.”可知，有5种方法。故选C。
4．推理判断题。根据全文可知，本文主要介绍了中国年轻人睡眠时间越来越晚，主要原因包括深夜使用手机和睡前拖延症，这会导致睡眠问题，专家建议改善睡眠质量的方法。所以我们会在杂志读到这篇文章。故选D。
B
These days, more and more students in the UK are taking a gap year between their graduation from their senior high school and their university studies. This means they can take a year off to do something else, before they start their studies.
For most students, spending time in foreign countries is their favorite activity, and Australia is their favorite place to go.
Many parents, teachers and business people agree that travelling can teach important values.
“After a year of travelling, I felt I’d grown up. I had learnt the importance of relationships with people, on all kinds of levels.”
There are many companies around the world that welcome these students on their projects— helping people in poorer countries, or even in their home country. Although they don’t get paid for their work, this kind of work can teach important skills—decision-making and finding answers to problems, which will help them in a job one day.
Finally, getting some knowledge and experience in an area they hope to study or work in one day will always be very useful.
If several university graduates are applying (申请) for the same job, gap year work experience allows them to say, “I’ve already had some experience of this kind of work.” And that can help them get their jobs.
1．When do many students in the UK take a gap year
A．Before they graduate from the senior high school.
B．Before they graduate from university.
C．After they graduate from university.
D．Before they go to university after graduating from the senior high school.
2．From the passage, we can know ________.
A．the gap year work experience is useful
B．most students in the UK like spending time with their friends
C．students could work in companies during the gap year
D．there are some disadvantages of taking a gap year
3．What can’t students get in the gap year work in the writer’s opinion
A．Knowledge. B．Skills. C．Experience. D．Money.
4．Chances of the same job will be given to the students ________ according to the last paragraph.
A．who study well at school
B．who have some skills and experience in this kind of work
C．who don’t apply for the job
D．who are rich enough
【答案】1．D 2．A 3．D 4．B
【难度】0.4
【知识点】教育、工作与职业、说明文
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国学生选择在高中毕业和大学学习之间休间隔年的现象、原因、好处以及影响。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“These days, more and more students in the UK are taking a gap year between their graduation from their senior high school and their university studies.”可知，英国许多学生是在高中毕业和进入大学之前度过间隔年。故选D。
2．推理判断题。根据最后一段“If several university graduates are applying for the same job, gap year work experience allows them to say, ‘I’ve already had some experience of this kind of work.’ And that can help them get their jobs.”可知，如果几个大学毕业生申请同一份工作，间隔年的工作经验会让他们更有优势；据此可以推断，间隔年工作经验是有用的。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据第五段“Although they don’t get paid for their work, this kind of work can teach important skills—decision-making and finding answers to problems, which will help them in a job one day. Finally, getting some knowledge and experience in an area they hope to study or work in one day will always be very useful.”可知，学生在间隔年工作中能获得知识、技能和经验，但没有报酬，也就是得不到钱。故选D。
4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“If several university graduates are applying for the same job, gap year work experience allows them to say, ‘I’ve already had some experience of this kind of work.’ And that can help them get their jobs.”可知，如果几个大学毕业生申请同一份工作，有间隔年工作经验的学生可以说自己已经有这类工作的经验了，这有助于他们获得工作，也就是说有这类工作相关技能和经验的学生会得到工作机会。故选B。
C
Does life sometimes seem to be full of impossible problems How many times, for example, do you find yourself saying things like “I really don’t understand this math problem” or “I can’t get into the school team” Well, maybe it’s time to introduce yourself to the power of “yet”. By adding this simple word, you can change everything. “I really don’t understand this math problem yet.” “I can’t get into the school team yet.” Suddenly, the impossible becomes possible. You can imagine those things happening.
I read about a school that has changed the way it marks its students’ exams. The school found out that the old pass/fail system wasn’t helping with students motivation (积极性). If you passed, then great, but those students who didn’t pass often felt like failures. So now students who don’t pass the exams will not see a big red “F” on their papers; they see a “Not yet” instead. That way the students feel that they are on a journey. They haven’t reached the end, but they know that they are going the right way.
This kind of thinking is part of what experts call “having a growth mindset”. People with a growth mindset don’t concentrate on failure. They aren’t worried by not getting things right the first time and are happy to keep trying until they do. They enjoy the challenge and believe they can change. In contrast, people who just focus on the failure have what the experts call “a fixed mindset”. These people are always worried about failure and are happy to give up when things don’t go right. They don’t think that they are able to change. Clearly, it is better to have a growth mindset than a fixed mindset.
But don’t worry if you think that you have a fixed mindset. You can train yourself to develop a growth mindset. Remember that it all starts with questioning the things you believe about yourself. Stop believing that you can’t or haven’t and realize that you just can’t or haven’t yet. Once you start doing this, you’ll wonder why you didn’t do it before. It’s one small but very powerful word.
1．When should we use the simple word “yet”
A．When we have trouble. B．When we win an important game.
C．When we meet our old friends. D．When we study in a foreign country.
2．The example in Paragraph 2 is to ________.
A．express a feeling B．describe a problem
C．show the result D．support the topic
3．According to the passage, which one of the following has “a growth mindset”
A．Jack got an “A” in the exam. He was quite happy to tell his parents.
B．David failed in a competition, but he stays confident and keeps trying.
C．Jenny found it hard to work out the math problem, so she gave it up.
D．Emma was refused by the school team. She didn’t want to have another try.
4．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage
A．The power of “yet” B．Two different mindsets
C．Nothing is impossible D．On the way to success
【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．A
【难度】0.4
【知识点】哲理感悟、说明文
【导语】本文主要讲的是“yet”一词的影响力。
1．推理判断题。根据“Does life sometimes seem to be full of impossible problems...maybe it’s time to introduce yourself to the power of ‘yet’”可知当生活中充满了不可能的问题时，是时候向自己介绍“yet”的力量，可推知当我们有麻烦时，我们可以使用“yet”。故选A。
2．推理判断题。根据“Well, maybe it’s time to introduce yourself to the power of ‘yet’. By adding this simple word, you can change everything.”和“I read about a school that has changed the way it marks its students’ exams. The school find out that the old pass/fail system wasn’t helping students’ motivation (积极性)...They haven’t reached the end, but they know that they are going the right way.”可知，第二段通过介绍“yet”的运用，可以改变成绩不合格的学生思维方式，以此来证明作者的观点。故选D。
3．推理判断题。根据“People with a growth mindset don’t concentrate on failure. They aren’t worried by not getting things right the first time and are happy to keep trying until they do”可知有成长心态的人不会专注于失败，他们不担心第一次做得不对，也很乐意继续努力，直到做到为止，故选项B“大卫在一场比赛中失败了，但他保持自信，不断尝试”中的大卫具有“成长心态”，故选B。
4．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲的是“yet”一词的影响力，故选A。阅读理解之说明文
备战2025年中考英语新课标（核心素养）二轮复习之优秀生拔高重难题型特训
【预测分析】
一、重难点分析
说明文以解释事实、阐明原理或介绍事物为主，逻辑性强但语言客观。其难点在于理解抽象概念、把握结构层次及区分事实与观点，具体包括：
1、结构与逻辑分析
重点：识别说明文的常见结构（如总分总、问题-解决、时间顺序），理清段落间的逻辑关系（因果、对比、举例）。
难点：处理复杂逻辑链（如多步骤说明或隐含因果关系）。
2、专业术语与长难句理解
重点：掌握常见学科词汇（如科技类：algorithm算法；环保类：carbon emission碳排放）。
难点：分析长难句的主干（如嵌套定语从句、被动语态）。
3、细节定位与干扰项排除
高频考点：数据、步骤、特征、优缺点等具体信息。
陷阱设置：偷换概念（如将“reduce”改为“eliminate”）、无中生有（原文未提及的结论）。
4、推理与主旨归纳
重点：根据说明目的推断作者意图（如呼吁环保行动）。
难点：区分主旨（central idea）与细节（specific fact）。
二、解题步骤与技巧
Step 1：通读全文，把握结构
标记段落主题句：通常为首句或末句，概括段落核心。
绘制逻辑图：用符号标注因果（∵→）、对比（vs.）或步骤顺序（①→②）。
Step 2：定位细节信息
关键词定位法：根据题干中的数字、专有名词（如人名、技术术语）回原文定位。
注意限定词：如“main purpose”需关注首尾段，“best describes”需匹配最佳选项。
Step 3：分析逻辑与推理
因果推断：若文中提到“due to”或“as a result”，需关联前后信息。
观点与事实区分：事实（客观描述） vs. 观点（subjective statements，如“may be”）。
Step 4：验证答案与检查
同义替换验证：正确选项常对原文进行改写（如“efficient”对应“save time and energy”）。
排除绝对化选项：如“only, absolutely”可能错误。
三、2025年命题预测与备考建议
1. 命题趋势预测
主题聚焦科技与生活：可能涉及人工智能应用（如智能家居）、新能源技术（氢能源汽车）、健康科普（脑科学新发现）。
跨学科融合：结合地理（气候变化机制）、生物（基因编辑伦理）、历史（古代发明原理）。
题型创新：可能出现“图文结合”（如流程图配文说明）或“一题多问”（同一题干下分步提问）。
2. 备考建议
强化结构化训练：每日练习1篇说明文，用思维导图梳理文章框架（如“问题-解决方案”结构）。
积累学科高频词汇：
科技类：innovation（创新）, sustainable（可持续的）
环保类：recycle（回收）, renewable energy（可再生能源）
精析长难句：拆分复杂句主干（主谓宾），忽略插入语（如插入的例子或解释）。
真题研究：分析近3年扬州中考说明文（如2023年“垃圾分类指南”侧重细节匹配）。
3. 易错点提醒
避免过度解读：说明文答案需严格基于文本，忌主观联想（如“作者可能支持某政策”若无依据则错误）。
警惕“偷换概念”：干扰项可能替换原文关键词（如将“renewable”改为“non-renewable”）。
注意单位与数据：如“increase by 20%”与“increase to 20%”含义不同。
四、示例演练（以“科技类”说明文为例）
原文节选 ：
The new solar-powered vehicle, Solaris, uses advanced batteries that store energy even on cloudy days. Unlike traditional cars, it emits zero pollution and can run up to 500 kilometers on a single charge. However, its high cost remains a challenge for widespread use.
问题 ：What is the main advantage of Solaris compared to traditional cars
A. Lower cost
B. Zero pollution
C. Longer charging time
D. Larger storage capacity
解析 ：
定位关键词“advantage”及对比词“unlike”，原文明确提到“zero pollution”，对应选项B。
干扰项A（低成本）与原文“high cost”矛盾；C、D未提及。
总结：
说明文需重点突破结构分析与长难句拆解，考生应通过系统训练提升逻辑思维与信息定位能力。结合2025年命题趋势，关注科技、环保等主题，并强化“同义替换”与“干扰项排除”技巧，确保高效解题！
【基础试题】
A
Time management is the greatest challenge for me in high school. I have to take good care of my subjects, activities, social life and rest. I was often angry with my family members just because I didn’t plan my time well. For example, I might shout at them for troubling me when I was working. And sometimes I might say something bad to them when I missed deadlines, even if it was actually my fault for cramming everything in (把所有事情堆积起来) at the last minute.
As time goes by, I realize that time management is very important in our everyday life. The best advice to deal with time management is “break it into bits”. It’s really important for you to learn how to break a big project into small, manageable tasks. Then you can work progressively and have a sense of achievement whenever you’ve done with a small part.
Another piece of advice is to plan a timetable for yourself. It doesn’t have to be the one that you follow completely. It’s just there to serve as a guide. You can compare your actual timetable with the planned one to see how well you actually use your time. The final suggestion is to always set deadlines for yourself.
1．For the writer, what’s the best advice to manage time
A．To miss deadlines. B．To cram everything in at the last minute.
C．To break a big project into bits. D．To follow the timetable completely.
2．According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE
A．The writer studies in a university.
B．It’s impossible to break a big project into small tasks.
C．The writer always knows how to manage time well.
D．A timetable can serve you as a guide.
3．How many pieces of advice does the writer give
A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.
4．What’s the best title for the passage
A．A Sense of Achievement. B．Time Management.
C．A Timetable Planning. D．Deadline Setting.
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．B
【难度】0.85
【知识点】时间管理、说明文、意见/建议
【导语】本文主要讲述作者通过自己的经历给出了时间管理方面的建议。
1．细节理解题。根据“The best advice to deal with time management is ‘break it into bits’.”可知，对于作者来说，管理时间的最佳建议是把一个大项目分解成小块。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据“Another piece of advice is to plan a timetable for yourself…It’s just there to serve as a guide.”可知，时间表可以作为你的指南。故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据“The best advice to deal with time management is ‘break it into bits’.”、“Another piece of advice is to plan a timetable for yourself”以及“The final suggestion is to always set deadlines for yourself.”可知，一共给出了三条建议。故选C。
4．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述作者通过自己的经历给出了时间管理方面的建议。故选B。
B
Although experts cannot agree on everything, studies show that the ancestors of the modern guitar first appeared in history several thousand years ago. The oldest guitar-like instrument that has been found and saved belonged to an officer in Egypt in 1503 BC． This instrument had three strings (弦) and was made of beautifully polished wood. A century later, Hittite craftsmen (工匠) made stone model showing a man playing an instrument like a guitar.
As people began to move to new areas and spread their culture, guitar instruments moved, too. Each new people group changed the design to best fit their own musical sounds. The number of strings changed, and the material used to make the instrument changed, too. People of ancient Africa, the Middle East, and Greece all played stringed instruments. The North African Moors played the oud and brought it to Spain around AD 700. There, it probably mixed with the Greek cithera and the Middle Eastern tanbur. Out of this mix came the Spanish guitarra.
Names for the different stringed instruments all finally centered around the Persian word tar, which means “string”. The kithara, chartar, sitar, guitarra, and guiterre were all instruments that are similar to today’s guitar. However, the modern guitar really began to take shape around the 19th century. Torres, a Spanish guitar maker, improved it so much that his design has remained almost unchanged until today.
European immigrants (移民) brought Torres’s design to America, where it became popular. In fact, the guitar plays an important part in what many people consider true American music: blues, jazz, and rock and roll. The 20th century brought electric guitars and new ways of using the guitar in music. Today. the instrument remains one of the most popular in the world.
1．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text
A．The modern guitar appeared in the 20th century in Spain.
B．The earliest guitar-like instrument was found in 1503 BC．
C．The number of guitar strings remains the same all the time.
D．The guitar-like instrument was invented by Hittite craftsmen.
2．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A．Cithera. B．Tanbur. C．Oud. D．Guitarra.
3．Which is the correct order of the following events
①Torres’s design was brought to America.
②Spanish guitarra came out of cithera and tanbur.
③Torres improved the instrument.
④The Moors brought the oud to Spain.
A．④③②① B．①④③② C．③①④② D．④②③①
4．What’s the text mainly about
A．The value of the guitar. B．The development of the guitar.
C．The inventor of the guitar. D．The famous pieces of guitar music.
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．B
【难度】0.85
【知识点】科普知识、说明文
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了吉他的发展历史。
1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The oldest guitar-like instrument that has been found and saved belonged to an officer in Egypt in 1503 BC.”可知，最古老的类似吉他的乐器是在公元前1503年被发现的。故选B。
2．代词指代题。根据文章第二段“The North African Moors played the oud and brought it to Spain around AD 700. There, it probably mixed with the Greek cithera and the Middle Eastern tanbur. Out of this mix came the Spanish guitarra.”可知，it指代的是oud，oud和希腊的cithera和中东的tanbur混合，产生了西班牙的guitarra。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The North African Moors played the oud and brought it to Spain around AD 700.”可知，④“摩尔人把oud带到了西班牙”是最先发生的；根据文章第二段“Out of this mix came the Spanish guitarra.”可知，②“西班牙吉他来自cithera和tanbur”是接着发生的；根据文章第三段“Torres, a Spanish guitar maker, improved it so much that his design has remained almost unchanged until today.”可知，③“Torres改进了乐器”是再次发生的；根据文章第四段“European immigrants (移民) brought Torres’s design to America, where it became popular.”可知，①“Torres的设计被带到了美国”是最后发生的。故选D。
4．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Although experts cannot agree on everything, studies show that the ancestors of the modern guitar first appeared in history several thousand years ago.”可知，文章主要讲述了吉他的发展历史。故选B。
C
Nowadays, many people prefer audiobooks, a more convenient choice, to old-fashioned reading. You can listen to the latest bestseller while commuting or cleaning up the house. But is listening to a book really the same as reading one There’s some evidence that reading on a screen reduces learning and comprehension (理解力) compared to reading from printed text.
If you’re wondering why printed books may be better than screen-based reading, it may have to do with your inability to tell where you are in an audiobook. “As you’re reading a story, the order of events is important, and knowing where you are in a book helps you build the storyline,” says Daniel Willingham, a professor of psychology.
The self-directed pace (速度) related to reading may also differentiate books from audiobooks. “About 10% to 15% of eye movements during reading are actually regressive,” Willingham explains. “This happens very quickly when a reader needs to re-read a sentence or a passage to better understand its content. And it’s sort of naturally fit into the process of reading a sentence.” He thinks this reading behavior almost certainly improves comprehension.
A study in 2010 found students who listened to a podcast lesson performed worse on a comprehension quiz than students who read the same lesson on paper. Interestingly, at the start of the experiment, almost all the students wanted to be in the podcast group. “But then right before I gave them the quiz, I asked them again which group they would want to be in, and most of them had changed their minds—they wanted to be in the reading group,” Willingham says. “They knew they hadn’t learned as much.”
But audiobooks also have some strengths. “Human beings have been sharing information orally for tens of thousands of years,” Willingham says, “while the printed word is a much more recent invention.” When we’re reading, we’re applying parts of the brain to the cognitive task of reading. Listeners, on the other hand, can get a lot of information from a speaker’s lively pronunciation or intonations. People who hear Shakespeare spoken out loud tend to gain a lot of meaning from the actor’s performance.
All that said, if you’ re reading or listening for relaxation—not for work or study—the differences between audiobooks and print books are probably “small potatoes”. If you are not, that’s where personal preference and the specific context of your reading or listening experience come into play.
1．What does the word “regressive” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean
A．Recording what you read. B．Explaining what you read.
C．Returning to what you read. D．Comparing with what you read.
2．Which of the following would Professor Willingham most probably agree with
A．Reading printed books keeps people more relaxed.
B．Listening to audiobooks gives people a better understanding.
C．Listening to audiobooks helps people build a clear stroyline.
D．Reading printed books allows people to read at their own pace.
3．Why does the writer mention the 2010 study in Paragraph 4
A．To show the benefits of listening to audiobooks.
B．To express the effectiveness of listening to audiobooks.
C．To prove that printed books can make us work or study better.
D．To stress that choosing what kind of books depends on our needs.
4．Who would probably choose to read printed books
A．People who are doing some housework.
B．People who plan to take an oral examination.
C．People who get ready to perform on the stage.
D．People who prepare for the comprehension test.
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．D
【难度】0.85
【知识点】阅读、说明文
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了与阅读印刷文本相比，在屏幕上阅读会降低学习和理解力。
1．词句猜测题。根据“This happens very quickly when a reader needs to re-read a sentence or a passage to better understand its content.”可知，阅读过程中大约10% 到15% 的眼球运动实际上是倒退的。regressive的意思为“倒退的”，与选项C“回到你所读的内容”意思相近。故选C。
2．推理判断题。根据“The self-directed pace related to reading may also differentiate books from audiobooks.”和“He thinks this reading behavior almost certainly improves comprehension”可推测，威廉汉姆教授很可能同意阅读印刷书籍可以让人们按照自己的节奏阅读。故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据“A study in 2010 found students who listened to a podcast lesson performed worse on a comprehension quiz than students who read the same lesson on paper.”可知，作者在第四段中提到2010年的研究是为了证明印刷书籍可以让我们更好地工作或学习。故选C。
4．推理判断题。根据“There’s some evidence that reading on a screen reduces learning and comprehension compared to reading from printed text.”可知，在屏幕上阅读会降低学习和理解力。可推测准备理解测试的人应阅读印刷书籍。故选D。
【提升试题】
A
①In the near future, we may be able to taste food and drinks “online” before buying them. A new tool made by scientists at Ohio State University in the US makes it possible to share taste on the internet, reported Science Daily.
②When we eat or drink, our teeth and tongues (舌头) break the food into little pieces. During this process, very small things called molecules (分子) come out of these pieces. The taste buds (味蕾) on our tongues catch these molecules and “tell” the brain about them. The brain then knows what flavors (味道) we’re tasting.
③How does the tool work The “e-Taste” tool has two main parts. The first part works like our tongues. It checks for five special chemicals (化学成分) in food or drinks, said The Guardian. These chemicals give different flavors like sweet, sour and salty.
④After getting this information, the first part can send it to the second part of the tool, even if it’s in another city. The second parts then mixes the five chemicals with water to make new liquids (液体). People can taste these flavors by drinking the liquids. It even worked when the tool’s two parts were as far as over 500 kilometers apart in the study.
⑤In this way, “e-Taste” offers a more immersive way to explore products without physical samples. This could reduce food waste from trial products and empower consumers to make informed choices, blending science with practicality in everyday life.
⑥Scientists believe “e-Taste” can be used in many ways to improve online experiences. For example, it can help make online classes and gaming experiences more fun.
1．Why does the writer say “the first part works like our tongues”
A．Because it contains different chemicals. B．Because it can catch chemicals in food.
C．Because it can give out different flavors. D．Because it can move freely like our tongues.
2．How does the writer show how the “e-Taste” tool works
A．By asking questions. B．By giving suggestions.
C．By giving explanations. D．By listing facts.
3．What can “e-Taste” do according to the passage
A．Improve the flavors of food and drinks.
B．Help people become better cooks.
C．Improve people’s online shopping experience.
D．Teach people to play games with pictures online.
4．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage
A． B．
C． D．
B
Your Internet experience is ruined when the net speed is too slow-it takes so long to open a web page and the reality show you’re watching stops every now and then. That can be very annoying. But it could be a thing of the past. In the near future, major telecom carriers will start to provide 5G services.
What is 5G What difference will it really make to our lives
The “G” in “5G” refers to the generations of mobile network technologies.
1G let us talk to each other, 2G let us send messages, 3G gave us mobile data and the Internet, and 4G made all of these things faster. Now 5G promises much faster data download and upload speeds, and more stable connections. This means that you will be able to download an HD movie in seconds and only experience a short delay (延迟) between sending and, receiving data. For example, when you have a video chat with your friend, there is generally a 100 to 200 milliseconds delay with 4G, but 5G will reduce the delay to 1 millisecond or less, which is almost real time.
5G will be able to improve many advanced technologies, such as driver-less cars, wearable devices and entertainment. With a 5G network, the short delay in information exchange will allow driverless cars to run more safely, as they will be able to communicate in real time and avoid potential dangers. Meanwhile, 5G enabled wearable devices will keep doctors updated on the health status of their patients and alert them immediately if there’s something wrong. Besides, VR games will become more popular with 5G. The short delay of 5G will make the games feel even more real.
Though 5G will make our lives more convenient, it will not be perfect. For one thing, 5G will not “travel” far. On 4G networks, you can be 10 kilometers away from the nearest transmission base (基站) and hardly lose signals. But 5G will only cover about 300 meters, meaning that we will need more transmitters so that we can get signals. And in order to use 5G, we will have to buy new products specifically designed for 5G that are expensive.
1．The “G” in “5G” is short for “________”.
A．Grams B．Generations C．Games D．Grades
2．Which question does Paragraph 4 answer
A．How much does 5G cost in real time B．Why will 5G reduce the delay
C．How will 5G improve driverless cars D．What changes will 5G bring us
3．What does the underlined word “alert” mean in Paragraph 5
A．Warn. B．Suggest. C．Improve. D．Support.
4．What is the problem of 5G according to the last paragraph
A．It does harm to our health because of the strong signal.
B．People lose signals easily although 5G can travel farther.
C．It needs more transmission bases in order to get signals.
D．People must buy new and big products designed for 5G.
C
“Nezha 2” has recently become a hot-topic among movie-goers, continuing the epic tale of the fearless young hero Nezha. This sequel not only brings back the beloved characters but also unfolds a more complex and engaging story.
The movie begins with Nezha facing new challenges. After the events of the first film, where he defied fate and saved his hometown, Nezha has gained fame, but also new enemies. A powerful and mysterious dark force emerges, threatening to plunge the world into chaos. This dark force has unique magical abilities that can disrupt the balance of the three realms-the celestial realm, the human realm, and the demon realm.
Nezha, along with his loyal friends including Ao Bing, sets out on a new adventure to stop this threat. However, their journey is filled with hardships. They have to travel through dangerous and uncharted lands, encounter strange creatures, and solve ancient puzzles. Nezha, who is known for his impulsive nature, must learn to control his emotions and use his powerful magic more wisely. For example, in one scene, when they are trapped in a magical maze, Nezha’s initial attempt to break through with brute force only makes the situation worse. It is through teamwork and his new - found patience that they manage to find a way out.
The visual effects in “Nezha 2” are truly stunning. The battles between the forces of good and evil are depicted with vivid colors and spectacular magical displays. The animation team has outdone themselves in creating detailed and imaginative landscapes, from the floating islands of the celestial realm to the fiery depths of the demon world.
Moreover, the movie delves deeper into the themes of friendship, responsibility, and the true meaning of heroism. Nezha and his friends’ unwavering loyalty to each other is tested time and time again, but they always stand by one another. And Nezha’s growing understanding of his responsibility as a hero, not just to his hometown but to the entire world, adds a profound layer to the story.
1．What is the main threat in “Nezha 2”
A．Nezha’s own impulsive nature. B．A powerful and mysterious dark force.
C．The jealousy of other heroes. D．The lack of trust among Nezha’s friends.
2．Why does Nezha need to control his emotions
A．Because his emotions can trigger natural disasters.
B．Because his friends are tired of his bad temper.
C．Because uncontrolled emotions make it harder to solve problems.
D．Because the dark force can use his emotions against him.
3．What can we learn about the visual effects in “Nezha 2”
A．They are simple but effective.
B．They are mainly focused on the characters’ expressions.
C．They are stunning with vivid colors and spectacular magical displays.
D．They are not as good as those in the first movie.
4．What themes does “Nezha 2” explore
A．Love, betrayal, and revenge.
B．Friendship, responsibility, and the true meaning of heroism.
C．Greed, power, and corruption.
D．Luck, destiny, and the afterlife.
【拔高试题】
A
Chinese young adults are staying up later than ever. A recent survey found that the average bedtime in China is now 00:18, 17 minutes later than last year.
There are two main reasons of it. The first is Late Nights and Mobile Phones. About 80% of college students stay awake past midnight, with 25% falling asleep after 2 am. Smartphones are a major cause of this trend. Data from 150,000 wearable devices (设备) shows that longer phone use leads to later bedtimes. The other one is Bedtime Procrastination (拖延). On social media, young people’s bedtime is put off because the young think after daytime work, they are mindless in bed watching short videos or reading novels until midnight and unwilling to end the day. They hold the opinion that comparing with work, nighttime is like escape.
Later sleep always leads to sleep problems. They are rising nationwide. About 65% of people in the survey show the facts of insomnia (失眠), waking up too early, or snoring (打鼾). Health experts stressed that healthy sleep requires more than just hours, people need to improve sleep quality by keeping bedrooms cool and dark, avoiding screens before bed, listening to some white noise and sleeping on time. It’s also helpful to do some proper exercise.
In order to work for long-term health, put sleep in the first place from now one and try to leave late-night freedom behind.
1．What is Paragraph 2 talking about
A．The differences of sleep between students and workers.
B．Young people can’t fall asleep because of wearable devices.
C．The reason of Bedtime Procrastination .
D．The main causes of later bedtime.
2．What can we probably infer from the passage
A．If people sleep too late, it will be easier for them to fall asleep.
B．Chinese young adults slept at 00:11 in the survey last year.
C．Young people like to work in the midnight to escape the day.
D．Late bedtime makes more people have long-term health problems.
3．How many ways of improving sleep quality are there in Paragraph 3
A．3. B．4. C．5. D．6.
4．Where can people read the passage
A．A storybook. B．An art show. C．A guidebook. D．A magazine.
B
These days, more and more students in the UK are taking a gap year between their graduation from their senior high school and their university studies. This means they can take a year off to do something else, before they start their studies.
For most students, spending time in foreign countries is their favorite activity, and Australia is their favorite place to go.
Many parents, teachers and business people agree that travelling can teach important values.
“After a year of travelling, I felt I’d grown up. I had learnt the importance of relationships with people, on all kinds of levels.”
There are many companies around the world that welcome these students on their projects— helping people in poorer countries, or even in their home country. Although they don’t get paid for their work, this kind of work can teach important skills—decision-making and finding answers to problems, which will help them in a job one day.
Finally, getting some knowledge and experience in an area they hope to study or work in one day will always be very useful.
If several university graduates are applying (申请) for the same job, gap year work experience allows them to say, “I’ve already had some experience of this kind of work.” And that can help them get their jobs.
1．When do many students in the UK take a gap year
A．Before they graduate from the senior high school.
B．Before they graduate from university.
C．After they graduate from university.
D．Before they go to university after graduating from the senior high school.
2．From the passage, we can know ________.
A．the gap year work experience is useful
B．most students in the UK like spending time with their friends
C．students could work in companies during the gap year
D．there are some disadvantages of taking a gap year
3．What can’t students get in the gap year work in the writer’s opinion
A．Knowledge. B．Skills. C．Experience. D．Money.
4．Chances of the same job will be given to the students ________ according to the last paragraph.
A．who study well at school
B．who have some skills and experience in this kind of work
C．who don’t apply for the job
D．who are rich enough
C
Does life sometimes seem to be full of impossible problems How many times, for example, do you find yourself saying things like “I really don’t understand this math problem” or “I can’t get into the school team” Well, maybe it’s time to introduce yourself to the power of “yet”. By adding this simple word, you can change everything. “I really don’t understand this math problem yet.” “I can’t get into the school team yet.” Suddenly, the impossible becomes possible. You can imagine those things happening.
I read about a school that has changed the way it marks its students’ exams. The school found out that the old pass/fail system wasn’t helping with students motivation (积极性). If you passed, then great, but those students who didn’t pass often felt like failures. So now students who don’t pass the exams will not see a big red “F” on their papers; they see a “Not yet” instead. That way the students feel that they are on a journey. They haven’t reached the end, but they know that they are going the right way.
This kind of thinking is part of what experts call “having a growth mindset”. People with a growth mindset don’t concentrate on failure. They aren’t worried by not getting things right the first time and are happy to keep trying until they do. They enjoy the challenge and believe they can change. In contrast, people who just focus on the failure have what the experts call “a fixed mindset”. These people are always worried about failure and are happy to give up when things don’t go right. They don’t think that they are able to change. Clearly, it is better to have a growth mindset than a fixed mindset.
But don’t worry if you think that you have a fixed mindset. You can train yourself to develop a growth mindset. Remember that it all starts with questioning the things you believe about yourself. Stop believing that you can’t or haven’t and realize that you just can’t or haven’t yet. Once you start doing this, you’ll wonder why you didn’t do it before. It’s one small but very powerful word.
1．When should we use the simple word “yet”
A．When we have trouble. B．When we win an important game.
C．When we meet our old friends. D．When we study in a foreign country.
2．The example in Paragraph 2 is to ________.
A．express a feeling B．describe a problem
C．show the result D．support the topic
3．According to the passage, which one of the following has “a growth mindset”
A．Jack got an “A” in the exam. He was quite happy to tell his parents.
B．David failed in a competition, but he stays confident and keeps trying.
C．Jenny found it hard to work out the math problem, so she gave it up.
D．Emma was refused by the school team. She didn’t want to have another try.
4．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage
A．The power of “yet” B．Two different mindsets
C．Nothing is impossible D．On the way to success
