Module 1-Module 5 期中检测培优卷-2024-2025学年八年级下册英语外研版（含答案解析）
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| 名称 | Module 1-Module 5 期中检测培优卷-2024-2025学年八年级下册英语外研版（含答案解析） |  | |
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2024 - 2025学年八年级下册英语外研版Module 1-Module 5
期中检测培优卷
注意事项
1. 全卷满分100分。考试时间90分钟。试题包含选择题和非选择题。考生答题全部答在答题卡上，答在本试卷上无效。
2. 请认真核对监考教师在答题卡上所粘贴条形码的姓名、考试证号是否与本人相符，再将自己的姓名、考试证号用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡及本试卷上。
3. 答选择题必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡的指定位置，在其他位置答题一律无效 。
第一部分 选择题（满分：45分）
一、单项选择（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
1．—Look! ________ the roller coaster is moving ________!
—Wow! I am beginning to feel dizzy (头晕目眩的) now.
A．What a high speed, in B．What high speed, in C．What high speed, at D．How high speed, at
2．It’s generous ________ him to donate money to the poor. It’s really meaningful ________ us students to learn from him.
A．of; of B．for; for C．for; of D．of; for
3．In this competition, it’s ________ to give each student fifteen minutes to talk.
A．unfair B．clear C．excited D．fair
4．—When are we going to have a spring outing, Miss Liu
—Not sure yet. We can discuss to make a final ________ in class.
A．decision B．conversation C．discussion D．competition
5．This is my first time to watch this game. I’ve _________ it before.
A．ever shown B．never shown C．ever watched D．never watched
6．—What do you think of smart phones
—They’re very important in________world.
A．modern B．typical C．ancient D．proper
7．—Which team will you play ________ in the final match
—Liverpool.
A．in B．on C．against D．out
8．—What did you do last night
—I didn’t play the piano. I watched a film with my parents ________.
A．either B．instead C．yet D．however
9．—Have you finished your homework ________
—Yes, I’ve ________ finished my homework.
A．already; yet B．already; already C．yet; yet D．yet; already
10．—Could you lend me some money I want to buy a special gift for mother.
—I am sorry that my new CD player ________ my money.
A．spends B．runs out C．takes D．costs
11．Nuclear (原子核的) waste will cause heavy pollution to the ________.
A．environment B．situation C．science D．condition
12．Your advice sounds ________. I will take your advice.
A．nice B．well C．bad D．nasty
13．An organization was ________ to help the children in poor areas.
A．put up B．set up C．setting up D．built
14．He is so ________ and he is willing to take part in all kinds of activities at school.
A．humorous B．warm-hearted C．active D．hard-working
15．A lot of trees and grass ______ in my school last month. Now it looks more beautiful.
A．planted B．are planted C．was planted D．were planted
二、完型填空（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
People are always smiling, especially in groups. 16 , it doesn’t just show that they are happy. Sometimes, people use smiles 17 some other purposes (目的).
Get others to 18 you.
Sweet smiles send a message that other people can trust you. People even consider that smiles have much value (价值). A recent 19 shows that people are more likely to trust another person if he is smiling. The study also 20 that a smile increases (增加) people’s willingness (意愿) to trust by about 10%.
Smile for 21 .
When people do something bad, they often smile when they are caught. 22 We treat people who have broken the rules with more kindness 23 they smile afterwards (后来). It doesn’t matter whether it’s a false (假的) 24 or a real one. They all work to make us forgive (原谅) those people.
Recover from (从……中恢复) social 25 .
Have you ever forgotten to buy your friend a birthday present (礼物) Have you ever failed to (未能) remember an important person’s name Have you ever hurt a small child by accident (意外地) If you’ve tripped (绊倒) on a social banana, you will feel embarrassed (尴尬的) for a long time. In this situation, you can try to give a(n) 26 laugh. It can cause fellow feeling (同感) from other people, which makes them think 27 of the mistake and forgive (原谅) you more quickly. So the smile helps 28 get out of trouble.
Smile to make money.
You’ve already known the value of a smile, but can a smile bring you real 29 Yes. 30 , in restaurants, smiling waitresses get more tips (小费).
16．A．Instead B．Also C．Anyway D．However
17．A．against B．without C．above D．for
18．A．trust B．drop C．fight D．leave
19．A．letter B．message C．study D．photo
20．A．requires B．finds C．advises D．hears
21．A．sadness B．pain C．kindness D．dark
22．A．When B．Why C．Where D．Who
23．A．though B．unless C．before D．if
24．A．smile B．gift C．prize D．storm
25．A．yards B．mistakes C．squares D．records
26．A．relaxed B．happy C．silly D．excited
27．A．much B．plenty C．more D．less
28．A．you B．them C．me D．us
29．A．stress B．money C．grade D．waste
30．A．For example B．At first C．In the end D．Right away
三、阅读单选（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
（A）
One day, a boy had a fight with one of his classmates. He didn’ t wait until school was over and hurried home to his grandfather. He told him his story angrily, “He is really bad,” the boy said, “and I hate him.” The grandfather said, “Let me tell you a story. When I was a boy, I sometimes hated others for what they did...”
As the boy listened carefully, the grandfather went on, “There are always two tigers inside my heart. One is good and kind. He gets on well with everything around him. But the other is bad and unfriendly. Even the smallest thing will make him angry. He fights with everyone all the time, and for no reason. He can’t think carefully because he always hates others. It is difficult to live with these two tigers inside my heart. They both try to control (控制) me.”
The boy looked into his grandfather’ s eyes and asked, “Which tiger always controls you, Grandfather ”
The old man said slowly and seriously, “The one that I feed. I always feed the good and kind tiger, so I never hate others and seldom get angry now.”
31．When did the boy go to his grandfather
A．Before he went to school. B．When he went to school.
C．After school was over. D．After he had a fight.
32．Why does the bad tiger fight with everyone all the time
A．Because others want to kill him. B．Because he wants to eat others.
C．For no reason. D．Because others aren’t friendly to him.
33．The good tiger can control the grandfather because ________.
A．the good tiger is much stronger B．the good tiger can get along well with others
C．the grandfather hates the bad tiger D．the grandfather treats (对待) the tiger very well
34．What did the writer want to tell us in the passage
A．How to feed tigers well. B．How to control our feelings.
C．How to get along with others. D．How to fight with others.
（B）
If you have been away from your hometown for many years, what will you do to remember your old houses
After growing up, most of us left the countryside for cities to find jobs. Since then, old houses have become a memory for us. Some remember them by looking at old photos, while others choose to order some miniature (微观模型) houses.
The miniature house is usually 30 times smaller than its real size. But it can still copy the old house as real as possible. Before making it, clients (客户) need provide some pictures and more information of their old houses. Each model is made up of hundreds of small pieces and includes about 50 different materials. To better copy old houses, artists not only use real building materials, such as cement (水泥), wood, and soil, but also work hard to find the way to make the models look old. Some parts are more complicated (复杂的), such as making tiles (瓦). Because there are no such small-sized tiles, artists have to cut them out of black cardboard little by little.
Different models carry different memories. A post-90s client once asked the artist to copy an old house in her hometown. She used to live there with her parents. She wanted to give the model to her mother to keep the memory of her dead father.
These models are very small, however, they enlarge (放大) the warmth and love of families and treasure the old days that are gone forever.
35．According to the passage, what can artists do to make miniature houses more real
① make models as small as they can
② do some complicated things little by little
③ choose and use more complicated materials
④ collect old photos and information as much as possible
⑤ use real building materials
A．①②③ B．①④⑤ C．②③⑤ D．②④⑤
36．Why does the writer introduce the post-90s client in Paragraph 4
A．To introduce one of her bad memories.
B．To show each model has a special story.
C．To advise more people to buy miniature houses.
D．To tell readers how hard the girl was in her childhood.
37．What’s the best title of this passage
A．Memories of old days B．Love for building materials
C．Beauty of miniature houses D．Ways of making old buildings
（C）
Luo Han, a 9-year-old boy, exercises for at least two hours every day. His habit of exercising is due to his father Luo Ge, who actively encourages him to enjoy nature, rather than caring only about his learning. And this has raised lots of discussion online.
Many agree with the father! “Many of us students have too much schoolwork, and exercise can make us relaxed, so outdoor activities are necessary,” said Liu Yu, 18, a college student. Wang Tao, a parent of a 16-year-old, thinks so as well. “It’s more than a way to relax. It’s a training of willpower (意志力),” she says.
But some also have worries. “Two hours isn’t too much for a 9-year-old, but it might be difficult for high school students. With so much schoolwork in high school, we don’t have so much time to exercise at all,” says Huang Xi, from Liyang High School of Jiangsu Province.
Ms Zhu, who has a daughter in middle school, also thinks that two hours is too much for the students and parents. “After work, I need to do housework. After my daughter finishes her homework, she wants to watch TV. Neither of us would think of going outside for exercise,” Zhu says.
Other parents are worried about the safety of outdoor activities, even though the time for exercise is not a problem.
38．What does Liu Yu do
A．A runner. B．A coach. C．A P. E. teacher. D．A college student.
39．What does Wang Tao think of Luo Han’s habit of exercising
A．Hard. B．Impossible. C．Helpful. D．Boring.
40．What does Ms Zhu have to do after work
A．Do housework. B．Do sports.
C．Help her kids with homework. D．Rest.
41．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage (①= Paragraph 1)
A．B． C． D．
（D）
On Oct.12th,202l,1egendary Disney animator (传奇迪士尼动画师) Ruthie Tompson passed away peacefully at her home in California. She was 111 years old. People felt shocked about the bad news.
Born in Portland, Maine, on July 22, 1910, Tompson grew up in Boston. Later, she and her family moved to a house in Los Angeles, which was near Walt Disney’s workplace. As a little child, often went to the workplace and watched Walt making animation (动画片). At that time, Tompson started to become interested in animation.
After Tompson finished high school, Walt offered her a job as a painter in the Ink&Paint Department. At that time, she helped finish the film Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937). That film became her favorite to revisit over the years in her family.
Soon, Tompson became final checker, and later scene planner. Because of her marvelous skill at guiding camera movement for animated films, Tompson was invited to join the International Photographers Union in 1952. As animator Floyd Norman said, “Tompson was our computer before computers were invented. Whatever the technical problem was, she could usually solve it. She is so smart and hard-working.”
In 1975, Tompson retired (退休) from the Walt Disney Company after completing work on the Rescuers. Up until that moment, she was thought to have worked on almost every Disney animation.
Tompson was an important contributor (贡献者)) to the progress and growth of the animation industry as we know it today. Her death led to many messages of sadness being left on the Internet. Just as Disney Parks wrote: “It’s with a heavy heart we report that Disney Legend Ruthie Tompson has passed away. Ruthie will be missed deeply.”
42．The underlined word “marvelous” in paragraph 4 probably means ________.
A．terrible B．common C．wonderful D．traditional
43．How old was Tompson when she finished her work on The Rescuers
A．27. B．42. C．46. D．65.
44．Which of the following is true
A．Tompson died of a serious illness in hospital.
B．Disney Parks were sorry for Tompson’s achievement.
C．Tompson helped work on two Disney animations in total.
D．Walt Disney worked near Tompson’s house in Los Angeles.
45．What is the passage mainly about according to the passage
A．The works of Ruthie Tompson.
B．The introduction of Ruthie Tompson.
C．The memory of the day Ruthie Tompson died.
D．The reasons why Ruthie Tompson passed away.
第二部分 非选择题（满分：55分）
四、词汇应用（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
46．Mr Wang is a (love) grandfather. He spends all his free time with his grandson.
47．Many students form all over the country have entered the (compete).
48．Tommy likes playing basketball, though he isn’t tall enough (reach) the basket.
49．What a pity! Peter can’t go swimming with us because of his (ill).
50．Modern (invent) have changed our life. They make the world better and better.
51．Mrs. Smith’s son got good grades in all subjects. She him. (对……感到骄傲)
52．I couldn’t stop (想念) my parents when I studied abroad.
53．The (环境) of Nanjing is becoming better and better.
54． (既然) you are new here, let me show you around our school.
55．The river near my house used to be (丑陋的) on the eye and hard on the nose.
五、完成句子（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
56．很抱歉我们在跑步方面做得不好。
We’re sorry that we running.
57．你应该做到诚实，不要再编造任何借口。
You should be honest and do not any excuses.
58．这个问题似乎不像看上去那么不可能。
The problem seems not as it looks.
59．当我到学校的时候，我感到不舒服。
And when I got to school. I
60．这个男孩受到了他爸爸的惩罚，因为他在家弄出了太多的噪音。
The boy by his father because he made too at home.
六、短文语法填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）
In 2003, Shenzhou V was successfully launched. China sent its first astronaut, Yang Liwei, into space. Since then, several other Chinese astronauts 61 (enter) the universe. Shenzhou-16 manned spaceship took off 62 May 30th, 2023. In the same year, Shenzhou-17 with three astronauts also entered space 63 (successful). It stayed there for six months and it was back at the end of April in 2024. Among all the astronauts, Wang Yaping was the 64 (one) Chinese woman to take a spacewalk. Shenzhou-19 is now in the space and three astronauts are doing many science experiments (实验) in Tiangong Space Station. Actually, it is not easy to be 65 astronaut.
You need to be very healthy. You’d better not have any small problems. For example, a decayed tooth (龋齿) may get 66 (bad) in space than it’s on the earth and may bring trouble to astronauts.
In China, you must be a great pilot first and fly more than 600 hours without accidents before being an astronaut. And then you might start difficult training after 67 (become) a backup (预备) astronaut. For example, you have to wear a 200-kilogram suit and do tasks underwater for six or seven hours without eating or going to the toilet.
Astronauts must learn different subjects, including maths, English and physics. And 68 (they) reaction (反应) must be quick. So they can do with emergencies (紧急情况) 69 do science experiments in space.
However, it’s possible that backup astronauts can never go to space. During the Shenzhou ⅩⅢ mission, only three astronauts could go into space. But there are another 13 backup astronauts. They are also 70 (hero) of this great space program.
七、材料作文（本大题共20分）
71．假如你是王治，从小就希望做一名宇航员。请看下面的思维导图并以“I Want to Be an Astronaut”为题，写一篇短文，内容包括你想做航天员的原因以及你打算如何去做。短文的开头已给出，不计入总词数。
I Want to Be an Astronaut
Why How
1. walk in space like Nie Haisheng 2. … 1. study hard 2. …
要求：
1. 词数：80左右，开头已给出不计入总词数；
2. 行文连贯，可自由发挥。
I Want to Be an Astronaut
I’m Wang Zhi. I want to be an astronaut when I grow up.
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参考答案及试题解析
1．C
【解析】句意：——看！过山车开得真快！——哇！我现在开始觉得头晕了。
考查感叹句和介词辨析。in用……方式；at处于……状态。此句为感叹句，且中心词speed为不可数名词。此句为“What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语”的感叹句结构；表示速度时，介词通常用at，at high speed“以高速”。故选C。
2．D
【解析】句意：他捐款给穷人真是慷慨。对我们学生来说，向他学习真的很有意义。
考查介词辨析。of……的；for为了。在“It’s+形容词+of/for+sb.+to do sth.”结构中，若形容词是描述某人的品质或性格，用介词of；若形容词描述某事物对某人的影响或意义，用介词for。第一空描述“他”的品质，用of；第二空描述“学习”对“我们学生”的意义，用for。故选D。
3．D
【解析】句意：在这次比赛中，给每个学生十五分钟谈话是公平的。
考查形容词辨析。unfair不公平的；clear清楚的；excited激动的；fair公平的。根据“In this competition…minutes to talk.”可知，此处指的是给每个学生十五分钟谈话是公平的，故选D。
4．A
【解析】句意：——刘老师，我们什么时候去春游？——还不确定。我们可以在课上讨论做出最后决定。
考查名词词义辨析。decision决定；conversation交谈；discussion讨论；competition比赛。根据“Not sure yet. We can discuss to make a final”可知，是课上讨论做出最后决定。故选A。
5．D
【解析】句意：这是我第一次看这场比赛。我以前从没看过。
考查副词辨析和动词辨析。ever shown曾经展示；never shown从不展示；ever watched曾经观看；never watched从不观看。根据“This is my first time to watch this game.”可知，我之前从来没有看过，watch“观看”，never“从不”，位于实义动词之前。故选D。
6．A
【解析】句意：——你怎么看智能手机？——它们在现代世界非常重要。
考查形容词辨析。modern现代的；typical典型的；ancient古代；proper正确的。手机是现代化产物，故选A。
7．C
【解析】句意：——在决赛中你们将和哪支队伍较量？——利物浦队。
考查介词辨析。in在……里面；on在……上面；against对抗；out出去。根据“Which team will you play … in the final match”可知，这里指的是在最终的比赛中和哪个队伍进行对抗。故选C。
8．B
【解析】句意：——你昨晚做了什么？——我没有弹钢琴。我和父母一起看了一部电影。
考查副词辨析。either也（用于否定句）；instead代替/反而；yet还/已经（多用于否定句或疑问句）；however然而。根据“I didn’t play the piano. I watched a film with my parents”可知，此处表示“取而代之”的含义，强调行为的替换，故选B。
9．D
【解析】句意：——你完成作业了吗？——是的，我已经完成了作业。
考查副词辨析。already已经，经常用在肯定句句中；yet还，仍，用在否定或疑问句句尾。第一句为疑问句，应用yet表示“已经”；根据“I’ve… finished my homework”可知，此处表达我已经完成了，肯定句中用already。故选D。
10．B
【解析】句意：—— 你能借我点钱吗？我想给妈妈买一份特别的礼物。——很抱歉，我的新CD播放器花光了我的钱。
考查动词短语和动词辨析。spends花费（时间/金钱）；runs out用完；takes花费（时间）；costs花费（金钱）。根据“I am sorry”可知，表达歉意是因为自己的钱花完了，用runs out。故选B。
11．A
【解析】句意：核废料将对环境造成严重的污染。
考查名词辨析。environment环境；situation情况；science科学；condition条件。根据“Nuclear (原子核的) waste will cause heavy pollution to the...”以及结合选项可知，核废料的放射性污染会直接影响生态环境和人类健康，environment“环境”符合语境。故选A。
12．A
【解析】句意：你的建议听起来不错。我会接受你的建议。
考查形容词辨析。nice好的；well健康的；bad坏的；nasty讨厌的。根据“I will take your advice.”可知，此处应表达赞同对方的意见，说的是对方的建议很好。故选A。
13．B
【解析】句意：成立了一个组织来帮助贫困地区的儿童。
考查动词短语。put up张贴；set up创立，设立（主要用于组织、机构、学校等）；built建造（侧重施工建筑）。根据“An organization was...to help the children in poor areas.”可知，此处指设立或成立一个组织，主语“organization”和动词短语“set up”之间是被动关系，应用被动语态“be done”，空处应是set up。故选B。
14．C
【解析】句意：他很活跃，他愿意参加学校的各种活动。
考查形容词辨析。humorous幽默的；warm-hearted热心的；active活跃的；hard-working工作努力的。根据“he is willing to take part in all kinds of activities at school”可知，他很活跃，愿意参加学校活动。故选C。
15．D
【解析】句意：上个月，我的学校种了很多树和草。现在看起来更漂亮了。
考查动词时态。根据“A lot of trees and grass…in my school last month.”可知，时态为一般过去时，且主语trees and grass和动词plant为被动关系，主语trees and grass为复数，be动词用were表示，动词用过去分词形式表被动。故选D。
16．D 17．D 18．A 19．C 20．B 21．C 22．B 23．D 24．A 25．B 26．A 27．D 28．A 29．B 30．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人们“笑”的一些目的和价值。
16．句意：然而，它不仅仅展示他们是开心的。
instead代替；also也；anyway无论如何；however然而。根据“Sometimes, people use smiles ...some other purposes”和“it doesn’t just show that they are happy”可知此处表转折，故选D。
17．句意：有时，人们使用微笑为了一些其它的目的。
against反对；without没有；above在……上；for为了。根据“some other purposes”可知应是为了一些其它目的，故选D。
18．句意：使别人信任你。
trust信任；drop下降；fight打架；leave离开。根据“Sweet smiles send a message that other people can trust you”可知应是微笑使人信任，故选A。
19．句意：一个最近的研究表明人们更想要信任另一个人，如果他正在微笑。
letter信；message信息；study研究；photo图片。根据“shows that people are more likely to trust another person if he is smiling”可知应是研究成果，故选C。
20．句意：研究也发现一个微笑可以增加人们大约10%的信任意愿。
requires需要；finds发现；advises建议；hears听见。根据“that a smile increases people’s willingness to trust by about 10%.”可知此处仍是陈述研究结果，故选B。
21．句意：为了善意而微笑。
sadness难过；pain痛苦；kindness善良；dark黑暗。根据“We treat people who have broken the rules with more kindness”所以此处应是总的概括为了善意而微笑，故选C。
22．句意：为什么？
when什么时候；why为什么；where在哪里；who谁。根据“We treat people who have broken the rules with more kindness...they smile afterwards”可知此处应是问原因，故选B。
23．句意：如果违反规则的人后来微笑，我们会用更多的善意对待他们。
though尽管；unless如果不；before以前；if如果。根据“they smile afterwards”和“We treat people who have broken the rules with more kindness”可知此处应用if引导条件状语从句，故选D。
24．句意：它是真的微笑还是假的微笑不重要。
smile微笑；gift礼物；prize奖励；storm暴风雨。根据“they smile afterwards”可知此处是说微笑是真是假不重要，故选A。
25．句意：从社交错误中恢复。
yards院子；mistakes错误；squares广场；records记录。根据“Have you ever forgotten to buy your friend a birthday present Have you ever failed to remember an important person’s name ...”可知应是从错误中恢复关系，故选B。
26．句意：在这种情境下，你能够尽量给一个轻松的大笑。
relaxed轻松的；happy开心的；silly傻的；excited兴奋的。根据“you will feel embarrassed for a long time. In this situation,”和“It can cause fellow feeling from other people”可知应是给一个轻松的笑，故选A。
27．句意：它能引起别人的同感，那使他们更少地想起你的错误并且更快地原谅你。
much许多；plenty大量；more更多；less更少。根据“and forgive you more quickly”可知应是更少地想起错误，故选D。
28．句意：所以微笑帮助你摆脱困境。
you你；them他们；me我；us我们。根据“Have you ever forgotten to buy your friend a birthday present ...you ever failed to ...you ever hurt a small child by accident...you’ve tripped...you will feel embarrassed...”可知此处人称应用第二人称，故选A。
29．句意：你已经知道微笑的价值，但是一个微笑能带给你真正的钱吗？
stress压力；money钱；grade成绩；waste浪费。根据“in restaurants, smiling waitresses get more tips”可知此处是说真正的钱，故选B。
30．句意：例如，在饭馆，微笑的服务员得到更多的小费。
for example例如；at first首先；in the end最终；right away马上。根据“in restaurants, smiling waitresses get more tips”和“Yes”可知此处在举例子，故选A。
31．D 32．C 33．D 34．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了一个男孩和同学打架后，生气地向爷爷诉说讨厌对方，爷爷通过讲述自己内心有“善良友好”和“恶劣不友好”两只“老虎”的故事，来引导男孩如何控制情绪。
31．细节理解题。根据文中“One day, a boy had a fight with one of his classmates. He didn’t wait until school was over and hurried home to his grandfather.”可知，一天，一个男孩和他的一个同学打了一架。他没等到放学就急忙跑回家找爷爷。故选D。
32．细节理解题。根据文中“But the other is bad and unfriendly. Even the smallest thing will make him angry. He fights with everyone all the time, and for no reason.”可知，但另一只老虎很坏，不友好，即使是最小的事情也会让它生气，它总是无缘无故地和每个人打架。故选C。
33．细节理解题。根据文中“The old man said slowly and seriously, ‘The one that I feed. I always feed the good and kind tiger, so I never hate others and seldom get angry now.’”可知，老人缓慢而严肃地说：“我总是喂养善良友好的老虎，所以我现在从不讨厌别人，也很少生气。”，所以善良的老虎能控制爷爷是因为爷爷善待它（喂养它）。故选D。
34．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章通过男孩打架后爷爷讲述内心两只“老虎”的故事，重点在于表明要选择培养善良友好的一面，控制自己的情绪，所以作者想告诉我们如何控制情绪。故选B。
35．B 36．B 37．C
【导语】本文围绕微型房屋作为记忆载体的意义展开，强调其虽小却凝聚家庭温暖与旧日情怀。
35．细节理解题。根据二段“The miniature house is usually 30 times smaller than its real size...Before making it, clients (客户) need provide some pictures and more information of their old houses...To better copy old houses, artists not only use real building materials”可知，艺术家需要使模型尽可能小、尽可能收集旧的照片和信息以及使用真实的建筑材料来使微观模型更逼真。故选B。
36．推理判断题。根据第三段“Different models carry different memories. A post-90s client once asked the artist to copy an old house in her hometown. She used to live there with her parents. She wanted to give the model to her mother to keep the memory of her dead father.”可知，通过客户为母亲制作模型以纪念父亲的例子，说明微型房屋承载独特的情感记忆，体现“每个模型都有特别的故事”这一主题。故选B。
37．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文围绕微型房屋作为记忆载体的意义展开，强调其虽小却凝聚家庭温暖与旧日情怀。故最佳标题为：微型房屋之美。故选C。
38．D 39．C 40．A 41．A
【导语】本文讲述了9 岁男孩罗汉被爸爸要求每天户外锻炼至少2小时，针对这件事大学生刘雨、高中生黄曦以及两位家长王涛和朱女士提出了各自的观点。
38．细节理解题。根据“‘Many of us students have too much schoolwork, and exercise can make us relaxed, so outdoor activities are necessary,’ said Liu Yu, 18, a college student. ”可知，刘雨是一名大学生。故选D。
39．细节理解题。根据“Wang Tao, a parent of a 16-year-old, thinks so as well. ‘It’s more than a way to relax. It’s a training of willpower (意志力),’ she says. ”可知，学生家长王涛也这样认为，他与学生刘雨的观点一致，都认为是有益的。故选C。
40．细节理解题。根据“After work, I need to do housework.”可知，朱女士下班后需要做家务。故选A。
41．篇章结构题。本文第一段由“9 岁男孩罗汉被爸爸要求每天户外锻炼至少2小时”引出话题；第二段中，一些人支持这种做法，并提出了自己的观点；第三、四、五段则是不支持这种做法的人们提出的观点。整篇结构如A选项。故选A。
42．C 43．D 44．D 45．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲了迪士尼传奇动画师Ruthie Tompson于2021年10月12日去世，享年111岁，她自1937年参与《白雪公主》制作起为迪士尼工作近40年，凭借卓越的动画摄影技术参与制作了几乎所有迪士尼经典动画，对动画产业发展做出重要贡献。
42．词句猜测题。根据“Because of her marvelous skill at guiding camera movement for animated films”和Floyd Norman对她的评价可知，marvelous应表示“出色的”。故选C。
43．细节理解题。根据“Born in Portland, Maine, on July 22, 1910”和“retired in 1975”计算，她完成《救难小英雄》时65岁。故选D。
44．细节判断题。根据“moved to a house in Los Angeles, which was near Walt Disney’s workplace”可知迪士尼工作室就在她家附近。故选D。
45．主旨大意题。全文主要介绍了传奇动画师Ruthie Tompson的生平事迹和职业成就。故选B。
46．lovely
【解析】句意：王先生是一位可爱的爷爷。他把所有的空闲时间都花在孙子身上。love“爱”，名词/动词。此处应用形容词lovely“可爱的”，作定语修饰名词grandfather。故填lovely。
47．competition
【解析】句意：来自全国各地的许多学生都参加了比赛。根据“the”可知，空处用名词作宾语，competition意为“比赛”。故填competition。
48．to reach
【解析】句意：汤米喜欢打篮球，虽然他不够高，够不着篮筐。enough to do sth.“足够做某事”，固定用法，空处用不定式作结果状语。故填to reach。
49．illness
【解析】句意：太遗憾了！彼得因为生病不能和我们一起去游泳。句中“his”作形容词性物主代词，后跟名词作宾语。形容词ill的名词为illness，意为“疾病”，根据句意可知，用单数形式，故填illness。
50．inventions
【解析】句意：现代发明改变了我们的生活。它们让世界越来越好。此空前有形容词“Modern”修饰，应用“invent”的名词“invention”，作主语，根据“have changed”可知主语应用复数形式“inventions”。故填inventions。
51．was proud of/took pride in
【解析】句意：史密斯太太的儿子各科都取得了好成绩。她为他感到骄傲。根据“Mrs. Smith’s son got good grades in all subjects.”和汉语提示可知，be proud of=take pride in表示“对……感到骄傲”，事情为过去发生的，时态为一般过去时，动词take用过去式took，主语为She，单数，be动词用was。故填was proud of/took pride in。
52．missing
【解析】句意：留学期间，我无法抑制对父母的思念。miss“想念”，动词。can’t stop doing sth“无法停止做某事”。故填missing。
53．environment
【解析】句意：南京的环境正变得越来越好。environment“环境”，不可数名词。故答案为environment。
54．Since
【解析】句意：既然你是新来的，让我带你参观一下我们学校。since“既然”，引导原因状语从句。故填Since。
55．ugly
【解析】句意：我家附近的河流过去看着很丑陋，闻着很难闻。“丑陋的”为ugly，形容词在句中作表语，故填ugly。
56．did badly in
【解析】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺少了“在……做得不好”，英文表达为do badly in，事情已经发生用一般过去时态，do的过去式为did。故填did badly in。
57．make up
【解析】根据中英文提示，此处缺少”编造”的表达，用动词短语make up表示；根据“do not”可知，此处用动词原形。故填make；up。
58．as/so impossible
【解析】not as/so+形容词/副词原级+as“不像……那样……”；根据“seems”可知，此处应用形容词impossible“不可能的”，作表语。故填as/so；impossible。
59． felt awful
【解析】对比题干可知，feel感觉，动词。根据“got to”可知，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式；awful不舒服的，是形容词作表语。故填felt awful。
60．was punished much noise
【解析】根据所给句意可知，第一空处表示“受到处罚”，应用被动语态，根据“because he made”可知，用一般过去时，其构成为“was/were done”，主语“The boy”表示单数，用was构成，惩罚“punish”，动词，第一空填was punished；第二空表示“太多噪音”，用短语too much noise。故填was punished；much noise。
61．have entered 62．on 63．successfully 64．first 65．an 66．worse 67．becoming 68．their 69．and 70．heroes
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国载人航天工程的发展历程，包括神舟系列飞船的发射情况，以及成为一名宇航员需要具备的条件和经历的训练，同时强调了即使是备份宇航员，也为太空计划做出了重要贡献。
61．句意：从那以后，其他几位中国宇航员进入了宇宙。Since then是现在完成时的标志，其结构为“have/has + 过去分词”，主语“several other Chinese astronauts”是复数，故填have entered。
62．句意：神舟十六号载人飞船于2023年5月30日发射升空。具体到某一天用介词on。故填on。
63．句意：同年，搭载三名宇航员的神舟十七号也成功进入太空。此处用副词successfully修饰动词entered，表示“成功地进入”，故填successfully。
64．句意：在所有宇航员中，王亚平是第一位进行太空行走的中国女性。定冠词the后接序数词，one的序数词是first，故填first。
65．句意：实际上，成为一名宇航员并不容易。astronaut是以元音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词an，表泛指“一名”宇航员。故填an。
66．句意：例如，一颗龋齿在太空中可能会比在地球上更严重，可能会给宇航员带来麻烦。根据“than”可知，此处用 bad的比较级worse。故填worse。
67．句意：然后在成为一名预备宇航员之后，你可能会开始艰难的训练。after是介词，后面接动词-ing形式，故填becoming。
68．句意：宇航员必须学习不同的学科，包括数学、英语和物理。并且他们的反应必须迅速。此处用形容词性物主代词their修饰名词。故填their。
69．句意：这样他们就能在太空中处理紧急情况并且做科学实验。“do with emergencies”和“do science experiments”是并列关系。故填and。
70．句意：他们也是这个伟大太空计划的英雄。主语“They”是复数，hero的复数形式是heroes。故填heroes。
71．例文
I Want to Be an Astronaut
I’m Wang Zhi. I want to be an astronaut when I grow up. Because I want to walk in space like Nie Haisheng. I want to fly a spaceship to the moon. And I want to live on the moon. But I know I can’t do that without working hard. So I must study hard now. And I must do exercise every day.
I hope my dream can come true one day.
【解析】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏表格中给出的关键信息，写短文谈谈自己想成为一名宇航员的愿望、原因及如何做。
[写作步骤]
第一步，表明想要成为一名宇航员，并谈谈有这个愿望的原因及打算为实现愿望做些什么；
第二步，希望梦想成真。
[亮点词汇]
①want to do sth. 想要做某事
②work hard 努力工作
③do exercise 做运动
[高分句型]
But I know I can’t do that without working hard.（省略that的宾语从句）
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2024 - 2025学年八年级下册英语外研版Module 1-Module 5
期中检测培优卷
注意事项
1. 全卷满分100分。考试时间90分钟。试题包含选择题和非选择题。考生答题全部答在答题卡上，答在本试卷上无效。
2. 请认真核对监考教师在答题卡上所粘贴条形码的姓名、考试证号是否与本人相符，再将自己的姓名、考试证号用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡及本试卷上。
3. 答选择题必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡的指定位置，在其他位置答题一律无效 。
第一部分 选择题（满分：45分）
一、单项选择（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
1．—Look! ________ the roller coaster is moving ________!
—Wow! I am beginning to feel dizzy (头晕目眩的) now.
A．What a high speed, in B．What high speed, in C．What high speed, at D．How high speed, at
2．It’s generous ________ him to donate money to the poor. It’s really meaningful ________ us students to learn from him.
A．of; of B．for; for C．for; of D．of; for
3．In this competition, it’s ________ to give each student fifteen minutes to talk.
A．unfair B．clear C．excited D．fair
4．—When are we going to have a spring outing, Miss Liu
—Not sure yet. We can discuss to make a final ________ in class.
A．decision B．conversation C．discussion D．competition
5．This is my first time to watch this game. I’ve _________ it before.
A．ever shown B．never shown C．ever watched D．never watched
6．—What do you think of smart phones
—They’re very important in________world.
A．modern B．typical C．ancient D．proper
7．—Which team will you play ________ in the final match
—Liverpool.
A．in B．on C．against D．out
8．—What did you do last night
—I didn’t play the piano. I watched a film with my parents ________.
A．either B．instead C．yet D．however
9．—Have you finished your homework ________
—Yes, I’ve ________ finished my homework.
A．already; yet B．already; already C．yet; yet D．yet; already
10．—Could you lend me some money I want to buy a special gift for mother.
—I am sorry that my new CD player ________ my money.
A．spends B．runs out C．takes D．costs
11．Nuclear (原子核的) waste will cause heavy pollution to the ________.
A．environment B．situation C．science D．condition
12．Your advice sounds ________. I will take your advice.
A．nice B．well C．bad D．nasty
13．An organization was ________ to help the children in poor areas.
A．put up B．set up C．setting up D．built
14．He is so ________ and he is willing to take part in all kinds of activities at school.
A．humorous B．warm-hearted C．active D．hard-working
15．A lot of trees and grass ______ in my school last month. Now it looks more beautiful.
A．planted B．are planted C．was planted D．were planted
二、完型填空（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
People are always smiling, especially in groups. 16 , it doesn’t just show that they are happy. Sometimes, people use smiles 17 some other purposes (目的).
Get others to 18 you.
Sweet smiles send a message that other people can trust you. People even consider that smiles have much value (价值). A recent 19 shows that people are more likely to trust another person if he is smiling. The study also 20 that a smile increases (增加) people’s willingness (意愿) to trust by about 10%.
Smile for 21 .
When people do something bad, they often smile when they are caught. 22 We treat people who have broken the rules with more kindness 23 they smile afterwards (后来). It doesn’t matter whether it’s a false (假的) 24 or a real one. They all work to make us forgive (原谅) those people.
Recover from (从……中恢复) social 25 .
Have you ever forgotten to buy your friend a birthday present (礼物) Have you ever failed to (未能) remember an important person’s name Have you ever hurt a small child by accident (意外地) If you’ve tripped (绊倒) on a social banana, you will feel embarrassed (尴尬的) for a long time. In this situation, you can try to give a(n) 26 laugh. It can cause fellow feeling (同感) from other people, which makes them think 27 of the mistake and forgive (原谅) you more quickly. So the smile helps 28 get out of trouble.
Smile to make money.
You’ve already known the value of a smile, but can a smile bring you real 29 Yes. 30 , in restaurants, smiling waitresses get more tips (小费).
16．A．Instead B．Also C．Anyway D．However
17．A．against B．without C．above D．for
18．A．trust B．drop C．fight D．leave
19．A．letter B．message C．study D．photo
20．A．requires B．finds C．advises D．hears
21．A．sadness B．pain C．kindness D．dark
22．A．When B．Why C．Where D．Who
23．A．though B．unless C．before D．if
24．A．smile B．gift C．prize D．storm
25．A．yards B．mistakes C．squares D．records
26．A．relaxed B．happy C．silly D．excited
27．A．much B．plenty C．more D．less
28．A．you B．them C．me D．us
29．A．stress B．money C．grade D．waste
30．A．For example B．At first C．In the end D．Right away
三、阅读单选（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
（A）
One day, a boy had a fight with one of his classmates. He didn’ t wait until school was over and hurried home to his grandfather. He told him his story angrily, “He is really bad,” the boy said, “and I hate him.” The grandfather said, “Let me tell you a story. When I was a boy, I sometimes hated others for what they did...”
As the boy listened carefully, the grandfather went on, “There are always two tigers inside my heart. One is good and kind. He gets on well with everything around him. But the other is bad and unfriendly. Even the smallest thing will make him angry. He fights with everyone all the time, and for no reason. He can’t think carefully because he always hates others. It is difficult to live with these two tigers inside my heart. They both try to control (控制) me.”
The boy looked into his grandfather’ s eyes and asked, “Which tiger always controls you, Grandfather ”
The old man said slowly and seriously, “The one that I feed. I always feed the good and kind tiger, so I never hate others and seldom get angry now.”
31．When did the boy go to his grandfather
A．Before he went to school. B．When he went to school.
C．After school was over. D．After he had a fight.
32．Why does the bad tiger fight with everyone all the time
A．Because others want to kill him. B．Because he wants to eat others.
C．For no reason. D．Because others aren’t friendly to him.
33．The good tiger can control the grandfather because ________.
A．the good tiger is much stronger B．the good tiger can get along well with others
C．the grandfather hates the bad tiger D．the grandfather treats (对待) the tiger very well
34．What did the writer want to tell us in the passage
A．How to feed tigers well. B．How to control our feelings.
C．How to get along with others. D．How to fight with others.
（B）
If you have been away from your hometown for many years, what will you do to remember your old houses
After growing up, most of us left the countryside for cities to find jobs. Since then, old houses have become a memory for us. Some remember them by looking at old photos, while others choose to order some miniature (微观模型) houses.
The miniature house is usually 30 times smaller than its real size. But it can still copy the old house as real as possible. Before making it, clients (客户) need provide some pictures and more information of their old houses. Each model is made up of hundreds of small pieces and includes about 50 different materials. To better copy old houses, artists not only use real building materials, such as cement (水泥), wood, and soil, but also work hard to find the way to make the models look old. Some parts are more complicated (复杂的), such as making tiles (瓦). Because there are no such small-sized tiles, artists have to cut them out of black cardboard little by little.
Different models carry different memories. A post-90s client once asked the artist to copy an old house in her hometown. She used to live there with her parents. She wanted to give the model to her mother to keep the memory of her dead father.
These models are very small, however, they enlarge (放大) the warmth and love of families and treasure the old days that are gone forever.
35．According to the passage, what can artists do to make miniature houses more real
① make models as small as they can
② do some complicated things little by little
③ choose and use more complicated materials
④ collect old photos and information as much as possible
⑤ use real building materials
A．①②③ B．①④⑤ C．②③⑤ D．②④⑤
36．Why does the writer introduce the post-90s client in Paragraph 4
A．To introduce one of her bad memories.
B．To show each model has a special story.
C．To advise more people to buy miniature houses.
D．To tell readers how hard the girl was in her childhood.
37．What’s the best title of this passage
A．Memories of old days B．Love for building materials
C．Beauty of miniature houses D．Ways of making old buildings
（C）
Luo Han, a 9-year-old boy, exercises for at least two hours every day. His habit of exercising is due to his father Luo Ge, who actively encourages him to enjoy nature, rather than caring only about his learning. And this has raised lots of discussion online.
Many agree with the father! “Many of us students have too much schoolwork, and exercise can make us relaxed, so outdoor activities are necessary,” said Liu Yu, 18, a college student. Wang Tao, a parent of a 16-year-old, thinks so as well. “It’s more than a way to relax. It’s a training of willpower (意志力),” she says.
But some also have worries. “Two hours isn’t too much for a 9-year-old, but it might be difficult for high school students. With so much schoolwork in high school, we don’t have so much time to exercise at all,” says Huang Xi, from Liyang High School of Jiangsu Province.
Ms Zhu, who has a daughter in middle school, also thinks that two hours is too much for the students and parents. “After work, I need to do housework. After my daughter finishes her homework, she wants to watch TV. Neither of us would think of going outside for exercise,” Zhu says.
Other parents are worried about the safety of outdoor activities, even though the time for exercise is not a problem.
38．What does Liu Yu do
A．A runner. B．A coach. C．A P. E. teacher. D．A college student.
39．What does Wang Tao think of Luo Han’s habit of exercising
A．Hard. B．Impossible. C．Helpful. D．Boring.
40．What does Ms Zhu have to do after work
A．Do housework. B．Do sports.
C．Help her kids with homework. D．Rest.
41．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage (①= Paragraph 1)
A．B． C． D．
（D）
On Oct.12th,202l,1egendary Disney animator (传奇迪士尼动画师) Ruthie Tompson passed away peacefully at her home in California. She was 111 years old. People felt shocked about the bad news.
Born in Portland, Maine, on July 22, 1910, Tompson grew up in Boston. Later, she and her family moved to a house in Los Angeles, which was near Walt Disney’s workplace. As a little child, often went to the workplace and watched Walt making animation (动画片). At that time, Tompson started to become interested in animation.
After Tompson finished high school, Walt offered her a job as a painter in the Ink&Paint Department. At that time, she helped finish the film Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937). That film became her favorite to revisit over the years in her family.
Soon, Tompson became final checker, and later scene planner. Because of her marvelous skill at guiding camera movement for animated films, Tompson was invited to join the International Photographers Union in 1952. As animator Floyd Norman said, “Tompson was our computer before computers were invented. Whatever the technical problem was, she could usually solve it. She is so smart and hard-working.”
In 1975, Tompson retired (退休) from the Walt Disney Company after completing work on the Rescuers. Up until that moment, she was thought to have worked on almost every Disney animation.
Tompson was an important contributor (贡献者)) to the progress and growth of the animation industry as we know it today. Her death led to many messages of sadness being left on the Internet. Just as Disney Parks wrote: “It’s with a heavy heart we report that Disney Legend Ruthie Tompson has passed away. Ruthie will be missed deeply.”
42．The underlined word “marvelous” in paragraph 4 probably means ________.
A．terrible B．common C．wonderful D．traditional
43．How old was Tompson when she finished her work on The Rescuers
A．27. B．42. C．46. D．65.
44．Which of the following is true
A．Tompson died of a serious illness in hospital.
B．Disney Parks were sorry for Tompson’s achievement.
C．Tompson helped work on two Disney animations in total.
D．Walt Disney worked near Tompson’s house in Los Angeles.
45．What is the passage mainly about according to the passage
A．The works of Ruthie Tompson.
B．The introduction of Ruthie Tompson.
C．The memory of the day Ruthie Tompson died.
D．The reasons why Ruthie Tompson passed away.
第二部分 非选择题（满分：55分）
四、词汇应用（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
46．Mr Wang is a (love) grandfather. He spends all his free time with his grandson.
47．Many students form all over the country have entered the (compete).
48．Tommy likes playing basketball, though he isn’t tall enough (reach) the basket.
49．What a pity! Peter can’t go swimming with us because of his (ill).
50．Modern (invent) have changed our life. They make the world better and better.
51．Mrs. Smith’s son got good grades in all subjects. She him. (对……感到骄傲)
52．I couldn’t stop (想念) my parents when I studied abroad.
53．The (环境) of Nanjing is becoming better and better.
54． (既然) you are new here, let me show you around our school.
55．The river near my house used to be (丑陋的) on the eye and hard on the nose.
五、完成句子（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
56．很抱歉我们在跑步方面做得不好。
We’re sorry that we running.
57．你应该做到诚实，不要再编造任何借口。
You should be honest and do not any excuses.
58．这个问题似乎不像看上去那么不可能。
The problem seems not as it looks.
59．当我到学校的时候，我感到不舒服。
And when I got to school. I
60．这个男孩受到了他爸爸的惩罚，因为他在家弄出了太多的噪音。
The boy by his father because he made too at home.
六、短文语法填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）
In 2003, Shenzhou V was successfully launched. China sent its first astronaut, Yang Liwei, into space. Since then, several other Chinese astronauts 61 (enter) the universe. Shenzhou-16 manned spaceship took off 62 May 30th, 2023. In the same year, Shenzhou-17 with three astronauts also entered space 63 (successful). It stayed there for six months and it was back at the end of April in 2024. Among all the astronauts, Wang Yaping was the 64 (one) Chinese woman to take a spacewalk. Shenzhou-19 is now in the space and three astronauts are doing many science experiments (实验) in Tiangong Space Station. Actually, it is not easy to be 65 astronaut.
You need to be very healthy. You’d better not have any small problems. For example, a decayed tooth (龋齿) may get 66 (bad) in space than it’s on the earth and may bring trouble to astronauts.
In China, you must be a great pilot first and fly more than 600 hours without accidents before being an astronaut. And then you might start difficult training after 67 (become) a backup (预备) astronaut. For example, you have to wear a 200-kilogram suit and do tasks underwater for six or seven hours without eating or going to the toilet.
Astronauts must learn different subjects, including maths, English and physics. And 68 (they) reaction (反应) must be quick. So they can do with emergencies (紧急情况) 69 do science experiments in space.
However, it’s possible that backup astronauts can never go to space. During the Shenzhou ⅩⅢ mission, only three astronauts could go into space. But there are another 13 backup astronauts. They are also 70 (hero) of this great space program.
七、材料作文（本大题共20分）
71．假如你是王治，从小就希望做一名宇航员。请看下面的思维导图并以“I Want to Be an Astronaut”为题，写一篇短文，内容包括你想做航天员的原因以及你打算如何去做。短文的开头已给出，不计入总词数。
I Want to Be an Astronaut
Why How
1. walk in space like Nie Haisheng 2. … 1. study hard 2. …
要求：
1. 词数：80左右，开头已给出不计入总词数；
2. 行文连贯，可自由发挥。
I Want to Be an Astronaut
I’m Wang Zhi. I want to be an astronaut when I grow up.
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参考答案及试题解析
1．C
【解析】句意：——看！过山车开得真快！——哇！我现在开始觉得头晕了。
考查感叹句和介词辨析。in用……方式；at处于……状态。此句为感叹句，且中心词speed为不可数名词。此句为“What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语”的感叹句结构；表示速度时，介词通常用at，at high speed“以高速”。故选C。
2．D
【解析】句意：他捐款给穷人真是慷慨。对我们学生来说，向他学习真的很有意义。
考查介词辨析。of……的；for为了。在“It’s+形容词+of/for+sb.+to do sth.”结构中，若形容词是描述某人的品质或性格，用介词of；若形容词描述某事物对某人的影响或意义，用介词for。第一空描述“他”的品质，用of；第二空描述“学习”对“我们学生”的意义，用for。故选D。
3．D
【解析】句意：在这次比赛中，给每个学生十五分钟谈话是公平的。
考查形容词辨析。unfair不公平的；clear清楚的；excited激动的；fair公平的。根据“In this competition…minutes to talk.”可知，此处指的是给每个学生十五分钟谈话是公平的，故选D。
4．A
【解析】句意：——刘老师，我们什么时候去春游？——还不确定。我们可以在课上讨论做出最后决定。
考查名词词义辨析。decision决定；conversation交谈；discussion讨论；competition比赛。根据“Not sure yet. We can discuss to make a final”可知，是课上讨论做出最后决定。故选A。
5．D
【解析】句意：这是我第一次看这场比赛。我以前从没看过。
考查副词辨析和动词辨析。ever shown曾经展示；never shown从不展示；ever watched曾经观看；never watched从不观看。根据“This is my first time to watch this game.”可知，我之前从来没有看过，watch“观看”，never“从不”，位于实义动词之前。故选D。
6．A
【解析】句意：——你怎么看智能手机？——它们在现代世界非常重要。
考查形容词辨析。modern现代的；typical典型的；ancient古代；proper正确的。手机是现代化产物，故选A。
7．C
【解析】句意：——在决赛中你们将和哪支队伍较量？——利物浦队。
考查介词辨析。in在……里面；on在……上面；against对抗；out出去。根据“Which team will you play … in the final match”可知，这里指的是在最终的比赛中和哪个队伍进行对抗。故选C。
8．B
【解析】句意：——你昨晚做了什么？——我没有弹钢琴。我和父母一起看了一部电影。
考查副词辨析。either也（用于否定句）；instead代替/反而；yet还/已经（多用于否定句或疑问句）；however然而。根据“I didn’t play the piano. I watched a film with my parents”可知，此处表示“取而代之”的含义，强调行为的替换，故选B。
9．D
【解析】句意：——你完成作业了吗？——是的，我已经完成了作业。
考查副词辨析。already已经，经常用在肯定句句中；yet还，仍，用在否定或疑问句句尾。第一句为疑问句，应用yet表示“已经”；根据“I’ve… finished my homework”可知，此处表达我已经完成了，肯定句中用already。故选D。
10．B
【解析】句意：—— 你能借我点钱吗？我想给妈妈买一份特别的礼物。——很抱歉，我的新CD播放器花光了我的钱。
考查动词短语和动词辨析。spends花费（时间/金钱）；runs out用完；takes花费（时间）；costs花费（金钱）。根据“I am sorry”可知，表达歉意是因为自己的钱花完了，用runs out。故选B。
11．A
【解析】句意：核废料将对环境造成严重的污染。
考查名词辨析。environment环境；situation情况；science科学；condition条件。根据“Nuclear (原子核的) waste will cause heavy pollution to the...”以及结合选项可知，核废料的放射性污染会直接影响生态环境和人类健康，environment“环境”符合语境。故选A。
12．A
【解析】句意：你的建议听起来不错。我会接受你的建议。
考查形容词辨析。nice好的；well健康的；bad坏的；nasty讨厌的。根据“I will take your advice.”可知，此处应表达赞同对方的意见，说的是对方的建议很好。故选A。
13．B
【解析】句意：成立了一个组织来帮助贫困地区的儿童。
考查动词短语。put up张贴；set up创立，设立（主要用于组织、机构、学校等）；built建造（侧重施工建筑）。根据“An organization was...to help the children in poor areas.”可知，此处指设立或成立一个组织，主语“organization”和动词短语“set up”之间是被动关系，应用被动语态“be done”，空处应是set up。故选B。
14．C
【解析】句意：他很活跃，他愿意参加学校的各种活动。
考查形容词辨析。humorous幽默的；warm-hearted热心的；active活跃的；hard-working工作努力的。根据“he is willing to take part in all kinds of activities at school”可知，他很活跃，愿意参加学校活动。故选C。
15．D
【解析】句意：上个月，我的学校种了很多树和草。现在看起来更漂亮了。
考查动词时态。根据“A lot of trees and grass…in my school last month.”可知，时态为一般过去时，且主语trees and grass和动词plant为被动关系，主语trees and grass为复数，be动词用were表示，动词用过去分词形式表被动。故选D。
16．D 17．D 18．A 19．C 20．B 21．C 22．B 23．D 24．A 25．B 26．A 27．D 28．A 29．B 30．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人们“笑”的一些目的和价值。
16．句意：然而，它不仅仅展示他们是开心的。
instead代替；also也；anyway无论如何；however然而。根据“Sometimes, people use smiles ...some other purposes”和“it doesn’t just show that they are happy”可知此处表转折，故选D。
17．句意：有时，人们使用微笑为了一些其它的目的。
against反对；without没有；above在……上；for为了。根据“some other purposes”可知应是为了一些其它目的，故选D。
18．句意：使别人信任你。
trust信任；drop下降；fight打架；leave离开。根据“Sweet smiles send a message that other people can trust you”可知应是微笑使人信任，故选A。
19．句意：一个最近的研究表明人们更想要信任另一个人，如果他正在微笑。
letter信；message信息；study研究；photo图片。根据“shows that people are more likely to trust another person if he is smiling”可知应是研究成果，故选C。
20．句意：研究也发现一个微笑可以增加人们大约10%的信任意愿。
requires需要；finds发现；advises建议；hears听见。根据“that a smile increases people’s willingness to trust by about 10%.”可知此处仍是陈述研究结果，故选B。
21．句意：为了善意而微笑。
sadness难过；pain痛苦；kindness善良；dark黑暗。根据“We treat people who have broken the rules with more kindness”所以此处应是总的概括为了善意而微笑，故选C。
22．句意：为什么？
when什么时候；why为什么；where在哪里；who谁。根据“We treat people who have broken the rules with more kindness...they smile afterwards”可知此处应是问原因，故选B。
23．句意：如果违反规则的人后来微笑，我们会用更多的善意对待他们。
though尽管；unless如果不；before以前；if如果。根据“they smile afterwards”和“We treat people who have broken the rules with more kindness”可知此处应用if引导条件状语从句，故选D。
24．句意：它是真的微笑还是假的微笑不重要。
smile微笑；gift礼物；prize奖励；storm暴风雨。根据“they smile afterwards”可知此处是说微笑是真是假不重要，故选A。
25．句意：从社交错误中恢复。
yards院子；mistakes错误；squares广场；records记录。根据“Have you ever forgotten to buy your friend a birthday present Have you ever failed to remember an important person’s name ...”可知应是从错误中恢复关系，故选B。
26．句意：在这种情境下，你能够尽量给一个轻松的大笑。
relaxed轻松的；happy开心的；silly傻的；excited兴奋的。根据“you will feel embarrassed for a long time. In this situation,”和“It can cause fellow feeling from other people”可知应是给一个轻松的笑，故选A。
27．句意：它能引起别人的同感，那使他们更少地想起你的错误并且更快地原谅你。
much许多；plenty大量；more更多；less更少。根据“and forgive you more quickly”可知应是更少地想起错误，故选D。
28．句意：所以微笑帮助你摆脱困境。
you你；them他们；me我；us我们。根据“Have you ever forgotten to buy your friend a birthday present ...you ever failed to ...you ever hurt a small child by accident...you’ve tripped...you will feel embarrassed...”可知此处人称应用第二人称，故选A。
29．句意：你已经知道微笑的价值，但是一个微笑能带给你真正的钱吗？
stress压力；money钱；grade成绩；waste浪费。根据“in restaurants, smiling waitresses get more tips”可知此处是说真正的钱，故选B。
30．句意：例如，在饭馆，微笑的服务员得到更多的小费。
for example例如；at first首先；in the end最终；right away马上。根据“in restaurants, smiling waitresses get more tips”和“Yes”可知此处在举例子，故选A。
31．D 32．C 33．D 34．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了一个男孩和同学打架后，生气地向爷爷诉说讨厌对方，爷爷通过讲述自己内心有“善良友好”和“恶劣不友好”两只“老虎”的故事，来引导男孩如何控制情绪。
31．细节理解题。根据文中“One day, a boy had a fight with one of his classmates. He didn’t wait until school was over and hurried home to his grandfather.”可知，一天，一个男孩和他的一个同学打了一架。他没等到放学就急忙跑回家找爷爷。故选D。
32．细节理解题。根据文中“But the other is bad and unfriendly. Even the smallest thing will make him angry. He fights with everyone all the time, and for no reason.”可知，但另一只老虎很坏，不友好，即使是最小的事情也会让它生气，它总是无缘无故地和每个人打架。故选C。
33．细节理解题。根据文中“The old man said slowly and seriously, ‘The one that I feed. I always feed the good and kind tiger, so I never hate others and seldom get angry now.’”可知，老人缓慢而严肃地说：“我总是喂养善良友好的老虎，所以我现在从不讨厌别人，也很少生气。”，所以善良的老虎能控制爷爷是因为爷爷善待它（喂养它）。故选D。
34．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章通过男孩打架后爷爷讲述内心两只“老虎”的故事，重点在于表明要选择培养善良友好的一面，控制自己的情绪，所以作者想告诉我们如何控制情绪。故选B。
35．B 36．B 37．C
【导语】本文围绕微型房屋作为记忆载体的意义展开，强调其虽小却凝聚家庭温暖与旧日情怀。
35．细节理解题。根据二段“The miniature house is usually 30 times smaller than its real size...Before making it, clients (客户) need provide some pictures and more information of their old houses...To better copy old houses, artists not only use real building materials”可知，艺术家需要使模型尽可能小、尽可能收集旧的照片和信息以及使用真实的建筑材料来使微观模型更逼真。故选B。
36．推理判断题。根据第三段“Different models carry different memories. A post-90s client once asked the artist to copy an old house in her hometown. She used to live there with her parents. She wanted to give the model to her mother to keep the memory of her dead father.”可知，通过客户为母亲制作模型以纪念父亲的例子，说明微型房屋承载独特的情感记忆，体现“每个模型都有特别的故事”这一主题。故选B。
37．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文围绕微型房屋作为记忆载体的意义展开，强调其虽小却凝聚家庭温暖与旧日情怀。故最佳标题为：微型房屋之美。故选C。
38．D 39．C 40．A 41．A
【导语】本文讲述了9 岁男孩罗汉被爸爸要求每天户外锻炼至少2小时，针对这件事大学生刘雨、高中生黄曦以及两位家长王涛和朱女士提出了各自的观点。
38．细节理解题。根据“‘Many of us students have too much schoolwork, and exercise can make us relaxed, so outdoor activities are necessary,’ said Liu Yu, 18, a college student. ”可知，刘雨是一名大学生。故选D。
39．细节理解题。根据“Wang Tao, a parent of a 16-year-old, thinks so as well. ‘It’s more than a way to relax. It’s a training of willpower (意志力),’ she says. ”可知，学生家长王涛也这样认为，他与学生刘雨的观点一致，都认为是有益的。故选C。
40．细节理解题。根据“After work, I need to do housework.”可知，朱女士下班后需要做家务。故选A。
41．篇章结构题。本文第一段由“9 岁男孩罗汉被爸爸要求每天户外锻炼至少2小时”引出话题；第二段中，一些人支持这种做法，并提出了自己的观点；第三、四、五段则是不支持这种做法的人们提出的观点。整篇结构如A选项。故选A。
42．C 43．D 44．D 45．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲了迪士尼传奇动画师Ruthie Tompson于2021年10月12日去世，享年111岁，她自1937年参与《白雪公主》制作起为迪士尼工作近40年，凭借卓越的动画摄影技术参与制作了几乎所有迪士尼经典动画，对动画产业发展做出重要贡献。
42．词句猜测题。根据“Because of her marvelous skill at guiding camera movement for animated films”和Floyd Norman对她的评价可知，marvelous应表示“出色的”。故选C。
43．细节理解题。根据“Born in Portland, Maine, on July 22, 1910”和“retired in 1975”计算，她完成《救难小英雄》时65岁。故选D。
44．细节判断题。根据“moved to a house in Los Angeles, which was near Walt Disney’s workplace”可知迪士尼工作室就在她家附近。故选D。
45．主旨大意题。全文主要介绍了传奇动画师Ruthie Tompson的生平事迹和职业成就。故选B。
46．lovely
【解析】句意：王先生是一位可爱的爷爷。他把所有的空闲时间都花在孙子身上。love“爱”，名词/动词。此处应用形容词lovely“可爱的”，作定语修饰名词grandfather。故填lovely。
47．competition
【解析】句意：来自全国各地的许多学生都参加了比赛。根据“the”可知，空处用名词作宾语，competition意为“比赛”。故填competition。
48．to reach
【解析】句意：汤米喜欢打篮球，虽然他不够高，够不着篮筐。enough to do sth.“足够做某事”，固定用法，空处用不定式作结果状语。故填to reach。
49．illness
【解析】句意：太遗憾了！彼得因为生病不能和我们一起去游泳。句中“his”作形容词性物主代词，后跟名词作宾语。形容词ill的名词为illness，意为“疾病”，根据句意可知，用单数形式，故填illness。
50．inventions
【解析】句意：现代发明改变了我们的生活。它们让世界越来越好。此空前有形容词“Modern”修饰，应用“invent”的名词“invention”，作主语，根据“have changed”可知主语应用复数形式“inventions”。故填inventions。
51．was proud of/took pride in
【解析】句意：史密斯太太的儿子各科都取得了好成绩。她为他感到骄傲。根据“Mrs. Smith’s son got good grades in all subjects.”和汉语提示可知，be proud of=take pride in表示“对……感到骄傲”，事情为过去发生的，时态为一般过去时，动词take用过去式took，主语为She，单数，be动词用was。故填was proud of/took pride in。
52．missing
【解析】句意：留学期间，我无法抑制对父母的思念。miss“想念”，动词。can’t stop doing sth“无法停止做某事”。故填missing。
53．environment
【解析】句意：南京的环境正变得越来越好。environment“环境”，不可数名词。故答案为environment。
54．Since
【解析】句意：既然你是新来的，让我带你参观一下我们学校。since“既然”，引导原因状语从句。故填Since。
55．ugly
【解析】句意：我家附近的河流过去看着很丑陋，闻着很难闻。“丑陋的”为ugly，形容词在句中作表语，故填ugly。
56．did badly in
【解析】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺少了“在……做得不好”，英文表达为do badly in，事情已经发生用一般过去时态，do的过去式为did。故填did badly in。
57．make up
【解析】根据中英文提示，此处缺少”编造”的表达，用动词短语make up表示；根据“do not”可知，此处用动词原形。故填make；up。
58．as/so impossible
【解析】not as/so+形容词/副词原级+as“不像……那样……”；根据“seems”可知，此处应用形容词impossible“不可能的”，作表语。故填as/so；impossible。
59． felt awful
【解析】对比题干可知，feel感觉，动词。根据“got to”可知，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式；awful不舒服的，是形容词作表语。故填felt awful。
60．was punished much noise
【解析】根据所给句意可知，第一空处表示“受到处罚”，应用被动语态，根据“because he made”可知，用一般过去时，其构成为“was/were done”，主语“The boy”表示单数，用was构成，惩罚“punish”，动词，第一空填was punished；第二空表示“太多噪音”，用短语too much noise。故填was punished；much noise。
61．have entered 62．on 63．successfully 64．first 65．an 66．worse 67．becoming 68．their 69．and 70．heroes
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国载人航天工程的发展历程，包括神舟系列飞船的发射情况，以及成为一名宇航员需要具备的条件和经历的训练，同时强调了即使是备份宇航员，也为太空计划做出了重要贡献。
61．句意：从那以后，其他几位中国宇航员进入了宇宙。Since then是现在完成时的标志，其结构为“have/has + 过去分词”，主语“several other Chinese astronauts”是复数，故填have entered。
62．句意：神舟十六号载人飞船于2023年5月30日发射升空。具体到某一天用介词on。故填on。
63．句意：同年，搭载三名宇航员的神舟十七号也成功进入太空。此处用副词successfully修饰动词entered，表示“成功地进入”，故填successfully。
64．句意：在所有宇航员中，王亚平是第一位进行太空行走的中国女性。定冠词the后接序数词，one的序数词是first，故填first。
65．句意：实际上，成为一名宇航员并不容易。astronaut是以元音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词an，表泛指“一名”宇航员。故填an。
66．句意：例如，一颗龋齿在太空中可能会比在地球上更严重，可能会给宇航员带来麻烦。根据“than”可知，此处用 bad的比较级worse。故填worse。
67．句意：然后在成为一名预备宇航员之后，你可能会开始艰难的训练。after是介词，后面接动词-ing形式，故填becoming。
68．句意：宇航员必须学习不同的学科，包括数学、英语和物理。并且他们的反应必须迅速。此处用形容词性物主代词their修饰名词。故填their。
69．句意：这样他们就能在太空中处理紧急情况并且做科学实验。“do with emergencies”和“do science experiments”是并列关系。故填and。
70．句意：他们也是这个伟大太空计划的英雄。主语“They”是复数，hero的复数形式是heroes。故填heroes。
71．例文
I Want to Be an Astronaut
I’m Wang Zhi. I want to be an astronaut when I grow up. Because I want to walk in space like Nie Haisheng. I want to fly a spaceship to the moon. And I want to live on the moon. But I know I can’t do that without working hard. So I must study hard now. And I must do exercise every day.
I hope my dream can come true one day.
【解析】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏表格中给出的关键信息，写短文谈谈自己想成为一名宇航员的愿望、原因及如何做。
[写作步骤]
第一步，表明想要成为一名宇航员，并谈谈有这个愿望的原因及打算为实现愿望做些什么；
第二步，希望梦想成真。
[亮点词汇]
①want to do sth. 想要做某事
②work hard 努力工作
③do exercise 做运动
[高分句型]
But I know I can’t do that without working hard.（省略that的宾语从句）
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