高考英语概要写作学案
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高考英语概要写作专项学案
考纲要求：
阅读一篇350词左右的短文，概括其内容要点，字数60-80词
核心能力：筛选关键信息、提炼主旨、重组语言、保持逻辑
评分重点：
1. 完整性：覆盖主要观点和支撑细节
2. 准确性：不添加个人见解，忠实原文
3. 简洁性：避免重复，使用概括性表达
4. 连贯性：合理使用衔接词，语句通顺
一、概要写作四步解题法
1. 通读全文，明确文体与主旨
记叙文：抓六要素（时间、地点、人物、事件、原因、结果）
说明文：找说明对象、特征、原理或流程
议论文：提取论点、论据、结论
例：
原文标题：The Benefits of Outdoor Exercise
主旨：户外活动对身心的积极影响（如降低压力、增强免疫力、促进社交）
2. 提取关键信息，标注主次
用符号标记：
★ 主旨句 ● 主要论据 ○ 细节例子
舍弃：具体数据、重复内容、引言细节
例：
原文要点：
★ Outdoor exercise reduces stress by releasing endorphins.
● A study shows 30-minute walks daily lower cortisol levels.
○ Participants reported feeling more relaxed after walking in parks.
→ 概要保留★●，省略○
3. 重组语言，转换表达
同义词替换：
improve → enhance problem → issue
句式简化：
复合句→简单句：Although he was tired, he kept working. → Despite tiredness, he continued working.
名词化表达：
People argue that... → There is an argument that...
4. 连句成篇，检查要点
用衔接词串联逻辑：
并列：besides, in addition 因果：therefore, as a result 转折：however, nevertheless
检查清单：
□ 字数符合要求（60-80词） □ 无语法错误 □ 涵盖所有主要观点
二、三大常考文体概要写作策略
类型1：记叙文（故事/经历）
模板结构：
背景：Who + When + Where + What（核心事件）
经过：Key actions or conflicts
结果/启示：Lesson or outcome
真题示例（2022年新高考卷）：
原文大意：作者因害羞不敢参加演讲比赛，在老师鼓励下克服恐惧并获奖，从此明白挑战自我的重要性。
概要：
The shy author was initially afraid to join the speech contest but decided to try with her teacher’s encouragement. After weeks of practice, she overcame her nervousness and won first prize. This experience taught her the value of stepping out of her comfort zone.
类型2：说明文（现象/研究）
模板结构：
主题：What is being explained
特征/原理：Key features or mechanisms
影响/应用：Implications or applications
真题示例（2021年全国卷）：
原文大意：介绍生态旅游的概念，强调其对环境保护和当地经济的益处，以及游客需遵守的原则（如不破坏栖息地）。
概要：
Ecotourism refers to responsible travel to natural areas, benefiting both environmental protection and local economies. It allows visitors to observe wildlife while supporting conservation efforts. To be sustainable, tourists must follow guidelines like avoiding habitat disturbance.
类型3：议论文（观点/辩论）
模板结构：
论点：Main argument
论据：Supporting reasons or examples
结论：Conclusion or call to action
真题示例（2020年浙江卷）：
原文大意：讨论网络对阅读的影响，指出虽然网络提供便利，但深度阅读能力下降，建议培养纸质书阅读习惯。
概要：
The internet has made reading more accessible, but it has also led to a decline in deep reading skills due to frequent distractions. While online reading offers convenience,纸质书 (print books) allow for better concentration and comprehension. The author suggests setting aside time for offline reading to maintain critical thinking abilities.
三、高分必备技巧
1. 主旨句定位法
记叙文：首段或结尾段的感悟句
说明文：首段主题句或各段首句
议论文：首段论点句或转折词（but, however）后的观点
2. 细节概括技巧
数据简化：
"58% of the participants agreed" → "Most participants agreed"
例子归类：
"such as apples, bananas, and oranges" → "various fruits"
因果合并：
"He didn’t study hard. As a result, he failed the exam." → "His failure in the exam resulted from lack of study."
3. 高级替换表达
原文表达 概要替换
It is important to... It is crucial/vital to...
Many people believe that... There is a common belief that...
In the past few years... Recently/In recent years...
They decided to... They made a decision to...
4. 逻辑衔接模板
对比：While..., ...相反地, ...
递进：Besides the above points, ...
总结：In conclusion, the study shows...
四、高考真题深度解析（2023年浙江卷）
原文节选（350词，议论文）：
主题：人工智能（AI）对就业的影响
要点：
1. AI replaces repetitive jobs (e.g., data entry, assembly line work).
2. New jobs emerge in AI development, maintenance, and training.
3. Workers need to upgrade skills for creative/complex roles.
4. Governments should provide retraining programs.
解题步骤：
1. 文体判断：议论文，分析AI对就业的双面影响
2. 关键信息：
正面：创造新岗位
负面：取代重复性工作
建议：技能升级+政府培训
3. 语言转换：
"replaces" → "leads to the displacement of"
"emerges" → "gives rise to"
4. 连篇：
AI has a dual impact on employment. While it leads to the displacement of repetitive jobs like data entry, it also gives rise to new roles in AI development and maintenance. To adapt, workers must acquire skills for creative tasks, and governments should offer retraining programs to facilitate this transition.
字数统计：58词，覆盖所有要点，逻辑连贯
五、常见错误与避坑指南
错误类型 示例 修正
字数超标 详细描述例子："In a recent study, 76% of participants..." 概括为："A study shows most participants..."
遗漏主论点 只写AI的好处，忽略负面影响 补充："While AI creates new jobs, it also displaces traditional roles."
直接引用原句 "The author believes that education is important." 改为："The author emphasizes the importance of education."
语法错误 AI have changed the way we work. AI has changed the way we work.
加入主观评价 "AI is obviously the best invention ever!" 删除主观表达，保留客观事实
六、实战训练与范文
题目：阅读下面短文，写一篇60-80词的概要
原文大意：
社交媒体对青少年心理健康的影响：
积极：保持联系、获取支持
消极：导致焦虑（如比较生活、网络欺凌）
建议：设定使用时间限制、培养线下兴趣
参考范文：
Social media affects teenagers’ mental health in both ways. While it helps them stay connected and seek support, it can also cause anxiety due to constant life comparisons and cyberbullying. To mitigate these effects, teenagers should set time limits for social media use and develop offline hobbies, striking a balance between online and real-life interactions.
解析：
结构：总述影响→分述利弊→建议
替换：affects → impacts mitigate → reduce striking a balance → balancing
七、评分细则与冲刺策略
高考评分标准（25分制，概要写作占15分）
档次 分数 评分重点
第五档 13-15 要点完整，语言准确，逻辑严密，无语法错误
第四档 10-12 要点较完整，有少量语法错误，衔接较合理
第三档 7-9 覆盖主要要点，语法错误较多，内容基本连贯
冲刺提分策略：
1. 每日精读：选取高考阅读真题，练习提炼每段主旨句
2. 专项训练：每天写1篇概要，对照范文修改（重点关注要点取舍）
3. 限时模拟：20分钟内完成（阅读10分钟+写作10分钟）
4. 错题归类：整理高频语法错误（如主谓一致、时态）和要点遗漏类型
备考资源推荐：
教材：《高考英语概要写作专项训练》（含100篇不同文体范文）
网站：English Summary Writing（学习英文概要写作技巧）
工具：Hemingway Editor（检测句子复杂度，提升简洁性）
通过“精准抓要点+灵活换表达+逻辑严衔接”三步训练，高考概要写作可实现从“信息堆砌”到“精准概括”的质变！
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
HYPERLINK "http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
高考英语概要写作专项学案
考纲要求：
阅读一篇350词左右的短文，概括其内容要点，字数60-80词
核心能力：筛选关键信息、提炼主旨、重组语言、保持逻辑
评分重点：
1. 完整性：覆盖主要观点和支撑细节
2. 准确性：不添加个人见解，忠实原文
3. 简洁性：避免重复，使用概括性表达
4. 连贯性：合理使用衔接词，语句通顺
一、概要写作四步解题法
1. 通读全文，明确文体与主旨
记叙文：抓六要素（时间、地点、人物、事件、原因、结果）
说明文：找说明对象、特征、原理或流程
议论文：提取论点、论据、结论
例：
原文标题：The Benefits of Outdoor Exercise
主旨：户外活动对身心的积极影响（如降低压力、增强免疫力、促进社交）
2. 提取关键信息，标注主次
用符号标记：
★ 主旨句 ● 主要论据 ○ 细节例子
舍弃：具体数据、重复内容、引言细节
例：
原文要点：
★ Outdoor exercise reduces stress by releasing endorphins.
● A study shows 30-minute walks daily lower cortisol levels.
○ Participants reported feeling more relaxed after walking in parks.
→ 概要保留★●，省略○
3. 重组语言，转换表达
同义词替换：
improve → enhance problem → issue
句式简化：
复合句→简单句：Although he was tired, he kept working. → Despite tiredness, he continued working.
名词化表达：
People argue that... → There is an argument that...
4. 连句成篇，检查要点
用衔接词串联逻辑：
并列：besides, in addition 因果：therefore, as a result 转折：however, nevertheless
检查清单：
□ 字数符合要求（60-80词） □ 无语法错误 □ 涵盖所有主要观点
二、三大常考文体概要写作策略
类型1：记叙文（故事/经历）
模板结构：
背景：Who + When + Where + What（核心事件）
经过：Key actions or conflicts
结果/启示：Lesson or outcome
真题示例（2022年新高考卷）：
原文大意：作者因害羞不敢参加演讲比赛，在老师鼓励下克服恐惧并获奖，从此明白挑战自我的重要性。
概要：
The shy author was initially afraid to join the speech contest but decided to try with her teacher’s encouragement. After weeks of practice, she overcame her nervousness and won first prize. This experience taught her the value of stepping out of her comfort zone.
类型2：说明文（现象/研究）
模板结构：
主题：What is being explained
特征/原理：Key features or mechanisms
影响/应用：Implications or applications
真题示例（2021年全国卷）：
原文大意：介绍生态旅游的概念，强调其对环境保护和当地经济的益处，以及游客需遵守的原则（如不破坏栖息地）。
概要：
Ecotourism refers to responsible travel to natural areas, benefiting both environmental protection and local economies. It allows visitors to observe wildlife while supporting conservation efforts. To be sustainable, tourists must follow guidelines like avoiding habitat disturbance.
类型3：议论文（观点/辩论）
模板结构：
论点：Main argument
论据：Supporting reasons or examples
结论：Conclusion or call to action
真题示例（2020年浙江卷）：
原文大意：讨论网络对阅读的影响，指出虽然网络提供便利，但深度阅读能力下降，建议培养纸质书阅读习惯。
概要：
The internet has made reading more accessible, but it has also led to a decline in deep reading skills due to frequent distractions. While online reading offers convenience,纸质书 (print books) allow for better concentration and comprehension. The author suggests setting aside time for offline reading to maintain critical thinking abilities.
三、高分必备技巧
1. 主旨句定位法
记叙文：首段或结尾段的感悟句
说明文：首段主题句或各段首句
议论文：首段论点句或转折词（but, however）后的观点
2. 细节概括技巧
数据简化：
"58% of the participants agreed" → "Most participants agreed"
例子归类：
"such as apples, bananas, and oranges" → "various fruits"
因果合并：
"He didn’t study hard. As a result, he failed the exam." → "His failure in the exam resulted from lack of study."
3. 高级替换表达
原文表达 概要替换
It is important to... It is crucial/vital to...
Many people believe that... There is a common belief that...
In the past few years... Recently/In recent years...
They decided to... They made a decision to...
4. 逻辑衔接模板
对比：While..., ...相反地, ...
递进：Besides the above points, ...
总结：In conclusion, the study shows...
四、高考真题深度解析（2023年浙江卷）
原文节选（350词，议论文）：
主题：人工智能（AI）对就业的影响
要点：
1. AI replaces repetitive jobs (e.g., data entry, assembly line work).
2. New jobs emerge in AI development, maintenance, and training.
3. Workers need to upgrade skills for creative/complex roles.
4. Governments should provide retraining programs.
解题步骤：
1. 文体判断：议论文，分析AI对就业的双面影响
2. 关键信息：
正面：创造新岗位
负面：取代重复性工作
建议：技能升级+政府培训
3. 语言转换：
"replaces" → "leads to the displacement of"
"emerges" → "gives rise to"
4. 连篇：
AI has a dual impact on employment. While it leads to the displacement of repetitive jobs like data entry, it also gives rise to new roles in AI development and maintenance. To adapt, workers must acquire skills for creative tasks, and governments should offer retraining programs to facilitate this transition.
字数统计：58词，覆盖所有要点，逻辑连贯
五、常见错误与避坑指南
错误类型 示例 修正
字数超标 详细描述例子："In a recent study, 76% of participants..." 概括为："A study shows most participants..."
遗漏主论点 只写AI的好处，忽略负面影响 补充："While AI creates new jobs, it also displaces traditional roles."
直接引用原句 "The author believes that education is important." 改为："The author emphasizes the importance of education."
语法错误 AI have changed the way we work. AI has changed the way we work.
加入主观评价 "AI is obviously the best invention ever!" 删除主观表达，保留客观事实
六、实战训练与范文
题目：阅读下面短文，写一篇60-80词的概要
原文大意：
社交媒体对青少年心理健康的影响：
积极：保持联系、获取支持
消极：导致焦虑（如比较生活、网络欺凌）
建议：设定使用时间限制、培养线下兴趣
参考范文：
Social media affects teenagers’ mental health in both ways. While it helps them stay connected and seek support, it can also cause anxiety due to constant life comparisons and cyberbullying. To mitigate these effects, teenagers should set time limits for social media use and develop offline hobbies, striking a balance between online and real-life interactions.
解析：
结构：总述影响→分述利弊→建议
替换：affects → impacts mitigate → reduce striking a balance → balancing
七、评分细则与冲刺策略
高考评分标准（25分制，概要写作占15分）
档次 分数 评分重点
第五档 13-15 要点完整，语言准确，逻辑严密，无语法错误
第四档 10-12 要点较完整，有少量语法错误，衔接较合理
第三档 7-9 覆盖主要要点，语法错误较多，内容基本连贯
冲刺提分策略：
1. 每日精读：选取高考阅读真题，练习提炼每段主旨句
2. 专项训练：每天写1篇概要，对照范文修改（重点关注要点取舍）
3. 限时模拟：20分钟内完成（阅读10分钟+写作10分钟）
4. 错题归类：整理高频语法错误（如主谓一致、时态）和要点遗漏类型
备考资源推荐：
教材：《高考英语概要写作专项训练》（含100篇不同文体范文）
网站：English Summary Writing（学习英文概要写作技巧）
工具：Hemingway Editor（检测句子复杂度，提升简洁性）
通过“精准抓要点+灵活换表达+逻辑严衔接”三步训练，高考概要写作可实现从“信息堆砌”到“精准概括”的质变！
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
HYPERLINK "http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)