中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
高考英语阅读理解高频词汇
一、高频动词
1. analyze:/ n la z/,意为“分析”,强调通过细致研究将整体拆分为部分来理解。比如:Scientists analyzed the data to find the cause of the problem.(科学家分析数据以找出问题的原因 )
2. determine:/d t m n/,“确定;决定”,侧重于得出明确结论或做出抉择。例如:We need to determine the best approach to solve this issue.(我们需要确定解决这个问题的最佳方法 )
3. adapt:/ d pt/,“适应;改编” ,当表示适应时,常与to搭配。如:The animals had to adapt to the new environment.(动物们不得不适应新环境 );The movie was adapted from a novel.(这部电影改编自一部小说 )
4. impact:/ mp kt/(n.),/ m p kt/(v.),作名词是“影响;冲击”,作动词是“影响;撞击” 。The new policy will have a great impact on the economy.(新政策将对经济产生重大影响 );The earthquake impacted the whole region.(地震影响了整个地区 )
5. contribute:/k n tr bju t/,“贡献;有助于;投稿”,常与to搭配。Everyone should contribute to protecting the environment.(每个人都应该为保护环境做出贡献 );Regular exercise contributes to good health.(经常锻炼有助于身体健康 )
6. evaluate:/ v ljue t/,“评估;评价” 。Teachers need to evaluate the students' performance objectively.(教师需要客观地评价学生的表现 )
7. emphasize:/ emf sa z/,“强调” 。The coach emphasized the importance of teamwork.(教练强调了团队合作的重要性 )
8. perceive:/p si v/,“感知;察觉;认为” 。We perceive the world through our senses.(我们通过感官感知世界 );He is perceived as a reliable person.(他被认为是一个可靠的人 )
9. acquire:/ kwa (r)/,“获得;取得;学到” 。She acquired a good knowledge of English through hard work.(她通过努力学习掌握了良好的英语知识 )
10. shift:/ ft/,“转变;改变;转移” 。The company is planning to shift its focus to online sales.(公司计划将重点转移到在线销售 )
二、高频名词
1. evidence:/ ev d ns/,“证据;证明” 。There is no evidence to support his claim.(没有证据支持他的说法 )
2. dilemma:/d lem /,“困境;进退两难的局面” 。She faced a dilemma between choosing a job she loved and a well - paid one.(她在选择自己喜欢的工作和高薪工作之间陷入了两难境地 )
3. trend:/trend/,“趋势;趋向” 。The trend of using renewable energy is growing.(使用可再生能源的趋势正在增长 )
4. perspective:/p spekt v/,“观点;角度;视角” 。We should look at the problem from different perspectives.(我们应该从不同的角度看待这个问题 )
5. approach:/ pr t /,作名词时是“方法;途径;靠近” 。We need to find a new approach to solve this problem.(我们需要找到一种新的方法来解决这个问题 );The approach of winter brings cold weather.(冬天的临近带来了寒冷的天气 )
6. consequence:/ k ns kw ns/,“结果;后果” 。You have to take the consequences of your actions.(你必须承担你行为的后果 )
7. significance:/s ɡ n f k ns/,“重要性;意义” 。The discovery of this new species has great scientific significance.(这个新物种的发现具有重大的科学意义 )
8. concept:/ k nsept/,“概念;观念” 。The concept of time travel is often explored in science fiction.(时间旅行的概念经常在科幻小说中被探讨 )
9. origin:/ r d n/,“起源;来源;出身” 。The origin of the universe is still a mystery.(宇宙的起源仍然是个谜 )
10. conflict:/ k nfl kt/(n.),/k n fl kt/(v.),作名词是“冲突;矛盾;争执” ,作动词是“冲突;抵触” 。There is a conflict between his beliefs and his actions.(他的信仰和行为之间存在冲突 );Their stories conflicted with each other.(他们的说法相互矛盾 )
三、高频形容词
1. crucial:/ kru l/,“至关重要的;关键的” ,相当于vital 。Water is crucial for life.(水对生命至关重要 )
2. significant:/s ɡ n f k nt/,“重要的;显著的;有意义的” 。This is a significant discovery in the field of medicine.(这是医学领域的一项重大发现 )
3. controversial:/ k ntr v l/,“有争议的;引起争论的” 。The new policy is very controversial.(这项新政策很有争议 )
4. adequate:/ d kw t/,“足够的;适当的;胜任的” 。We have adequate food and water for the journey.(我们有足够的食物和水供这次旅行 )
5. complex:/ k mpleks/,“复杂的;合成的” 。The problem is too complex to solve easily.(这个问题太复杂,不容易解决 )
6. relevant:/ rel v nt/,“相关的;切题的” ,常与to搭配。The information you provided is not relevant to the topic.(你提供的信息与主题无关 )
7. potential:/p ten l/,“潜在的;可能的” ,作名词时表示“潜力;潜能” 。He has the potential to be a great athlete.(他有成为一名优秀运动员的潜力 );The new product has great potential in the market.(这种新产品在市场上有很大的潜力 )
8. essential:/ sen l/,“基本的;必要的;本质的” 。Air and water are essential for human survival.(空气和水是人类生存所必需的 )
9. conservative:/k n s v t v/,“保守的;守旧的;保守派的” 。He has a conservative attitude towards change.(他对变革持保守态度 )
10. innovative:/ n ve t v/,“创新的;革新的” 。The company is known for its innovative products.(这家公司以其创新产品而闻名 )
四、逻辑关系词
1. however:/ha ev (r)/,“然而;可是” ,表转折,使用时前后用逗号隔开 。He studied hard. However, he still failed the exam.(他学习很努力。然而,他还是考试不及格 )
2. therefore:/ e f (r)/,“因此;所以” ,表因果,引出结果 。He didn't study hard; therefore, he failed the exam.(他学习不努力,因此考试不及格 )
3. moreover:/m r v (r)/,“此外;而且” ,表递进 。She is smart. Moreover, she is very hard - working.(她很聪明。此外,她还非常努力 )
4. meanwhile:/ mi nwa l/,“与此同时;在此期间” ,表示同一时间发生的另一件事 。I was doing my homework. Meanwhile, my sister was watching TV.(我在做作业。与此同时,我妹妹在看电视 )
5. in contrast:/ n k ntrɑ st/,“相比之下;与……形成对比” ,用于对比两个事物 。Cats are quiet. In contrast, dogs are often noisy.(猫很安静。相比之下,狗经常很吵 )
6. although:/ l /,“虽然;尽管” ,引导让步状语从句,不能与but连用 。Although it was raining hard, he still went to school on time.(虽然雨下得很大,但他仍然按时上学 )
7. because:/b k z/,“因为” ,引导原因状语从句 。He didn't come to school because he was ill.(他没来上学是因为他病了 )
8. while:/wa l/,“当……时候;然而;虽然” ,引导时间状语从句时,强调两个动作同时进行;表对比时,意为“然而”;引导让步状语从句时,相当于although 。While I was reading, my mother was cooking.(我在看书的时候,妈妈在做饭 );Some people like coffee, while others like tea.(有些人喜欢咖啡,而有些人喜欢茶 );While he is young, he is very experienced.(虽然他很年轻,但他很有经验 )
五、高频干扰项词汇
1. 绝对化词汇:
all:/ l/,“所有;全部” ,在阅读理解选项中,如果表述过于绝对,如“All students like this book.”(所有学生都喜欢这本书 ),原文往往不会这么绝对,所以此类选项需谨慎判断 。
never:/ nev (r)/,“从不;绝不” ,例如“ He never makes mistakes.”(他从不犯错 ),这种绝对的说法在原文中很难出现 。
must:/m st/,“必须;一定” ,“The answer must be A.”(答案一定是A )这样的表述太绝对,可能是干扰项 。
2. 模糊词汇:
likely:/ la kli/,“很可能的;可能地” ,“It is likely to rain tomorrow.”(明天很可能下雨 ),这类词使表述不那么绝对,在选项中正确的可能性相对较大 。
probably:/ pr b bli/,“大概;或许;很可能” ,与likely意思相近 ,“He will probably come late.”(他很可能会迟到 ) 。
some:/s m/,“一些;某些” ,“Some students think it is difficult.”(一些学生认为这很难 ),表述相对客观,在选项中较为常见 。
六、主题分类词汇
1. 科技类:
artificial intelligence (AI):/ ɑ t f l n tel d ns/,“人工智能” ,Artificial intelligence is changing our lives in many ways.(人工智能在很多方面正在改变我们的生活 )
algorithm:/ lɡ r m/,“算法” ,The algorithm is the key to the operation of this software.(算法是这个软件运行的关键 )
database:/ de t be s/,“数据库” ,The company stores a large amount of customer information in the database.(公司在数据库中存储了大量客户信息 )
cyberspace:/ sa b spe s/,“网络空间” ,We need to protect our privacy in cyberspace.(我们需要在网络空间保护我们的隐私 )
2. 环境类:
biodiversity:/ ba da v s ti/,“生物多样性” ,Protecting biodiversity is of great importance for the stability of the ecosystem.(保护生物多样性对生态系统的稳定非常重要 )
carbon footprint:/ kɑ b n f tpr nt/,“碳足迹” ,We should try to reduce our carbon footprint to slow down global warming.(我们应该努力减少碳足迹以减缓全球变暖 )
sustainable:/s ste n bl/,“可持续的” ,Sustainable development is the goal of many countries.(可持续发展是许多国家的目标 )
ecological:/ i k l d kl/,“生态的;生态学的” ,We need to pay more attention to ecological balance.(我们需要更加关注生态平衡 )
3. 社会类:
globalization:/ ɡl b la ze n/,“全球化” ,Globalization has brought both opportunities and challenges.(全球化既带来了机遇也带来了挑战 )
demographic:/ dem ɡr f k/,“人口统计的;人口学的” ,Demographic changes have a significant impact on the economy.(人口结构的变化对经济有重大影响 )
urbanization:/ b na ze n/,“城市化” ,The process of urbanization is accelerating in many developing countries.(许多发展中国家的城市化进程正在加速 )
welfare:/ welfe (r)/,“福利;幸福” ,The government is committed to improving people's welfare.(政府致力于改善人民的福利 )
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