（期中培优）专题06 选词填空20篇（含答案解析）-2024-2025学年八年级英语下册期中复习培优专项牛津上海版（试用本）
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| 名称 | （期中培优）专题06 选词填空20篇（含答案解析）-2024-2025学年八年级英语下册期中复习培优专项牛津上海版（试用本） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-04-22 08:54:22 | ||
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2024-2025学年八年级英语下册期中复习专项牛津上海版（试用本）
（期中培优）专题06 选词填空20篇
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
将下列单词的字母编号填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次。
A．rubbish B．harmful C． problem D．protect E. serious F. from G. chemicals
Water pollution affects all the water bodies of the world such as lakes, rivers, the sea and groundwater. Water pollution is 1 to people, plants, fish and birds.
Pollution of drinking water is a 2 for half of the world’s population. Among the 250 million people who get sick because of water pollution, 5 to 10 million of them die.
As water pollution is getting more and more 3 , nobody on the Earth should still relax and do nothing about it.
Some of us are used to pouring sewage and harmful chemicals into rivers and lakes, and others throw 4 into them. So, many rivers, lakes and seas have become the home of cans, bottles, glass and plastics. It’s time for us to stop doing that.
We should also try not to use 5 . If necessary, use as few as possible. At the same time, we should try to use other ways to kill weeds and bugs. For example, we can pull weeds by hand.
Pet waste pollutes our water, too. So we need to put pet waste in the garbage bag.
Technology can be used to prevent water pollution. Building sewage treatment plants is a good way of returning water to a river without causing pollution.
We can protect our valuable water in only one way: preventing the harmful chemicals 6 entering our water!
将下列单词或短语前的字母填入空格，每个单词或短语只能填一次。
A．energy B．often C． choices D．question E. main F. control
Air pollution is a big problem for people all over the world. It is most 7 caused by burning things like petroleum (石油), coal, and natural gas. Air pollution can cause health problems, such as asthma (哮喘), headaches and so on. And it is the second-largest cause of climate change after carbon dioxide. But how can we 8 air pollution
Planting more trees is one of the answers to this 9 . The practice (做法) provides a lot of benefits (好处) to the environment and helps with the release of oxygen.
Reduce the number of trips we take in a car or motorcycle. Using public transport is a sure short way of reducing air pollution as it uses less gas and 10 .
Turn off the lights when they are not in use.
Please remember that when using our heater or air conditioner, cleaning our windows or even brushing our teeth, we make 11 that can reduce or increase air pollution.
请认真阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的单词或短语，在答题卷标有题号的横线上，填入其正确形式。每个单词或短语仅用一次。
especial pollute or right away break down
Thanks to plastic, life is more convenient (便利的). However, plastic is also hurting our lives. It is 12 the environment and killing humans and animals. And it takes hundreds of years for plastic 13 . What’s worse, most people haven’t realized the importance of using less plastic. People are still making, using and throwing away more plastic every day. Around nine million tons of plastic waste enters the seas every year. The amount (数量) on land and at sea continues to grow. So we need to take action 14 .
We must cut our use of plastic, 15 single-use plastic. We must also recycle more, 16 we might not have a life or a world left.
根据语篇内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词，并用其正确形式填空。将单词填写在答题卡对应的横线上。每个单词只能用一次。
simple separate more we turning recycle reuse tooth important difference
Our environment is changing for the worse, so it is time for 17 to go green. Here are some 18 steps to take.
We can save water by taking shorter showers and 19 off the tap when we brush our 20 . We should also 21 water if possible. In order to save power, we should turn off the lights when we leave a room.
Some other good habits can help reduce pollution too. We should take our own bags when shopping. 22 is also a good way to help reduce pollution. We should 23 waste into different groups so that it can be recycled.
Moreover, it is 24 for people to develop a green lifestyle. We should do 25 exercise and watch less TV. Follow these small steps, and you can make a big 26 to the Earth!
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。并将答案填写在答题卡相应的位置上。
get activity badly nothing that communicate they show different control
These days there are many students experiencing difficulties. Some students feel nervous because they have to get good grades. Others have trouble 27 on with people like their parents and classmates.
Liu, a Grade Two student from Wuhan, could not understand his teacher in class and did 28 in his lessons than before. He was so worried 29 he couldn’t sleep at night. Another student, 14-year-old Yan from Guangzhou, was afraid of exams and could think of 30 to write when she looked at the exam papers.
A recent research has 31 about 16% of teenagers have mental (心理的) problems. Their troubles include being worried and very unhappy, and have 32 difficulties with others. Some students worry that asking for help could make them seem 33 . Others don’t want to talk about their troubles. Instead, they keep them to 34 .
Liang Yuezhu, an expert on teenagers from Beijing Anding Hospital, has some advice for teenagers.
·Talk to your parents, teachers or the others you believe often.
·Take part in group 35 and play sports.
·Watch comedies in the cinema.
·Go to see a doctor if you are often unable to 36 your worries or stress.
These ways can help students deal with the challenges they may face.
Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box.
A．medical B．addresses C． difficult D．facing E. burning
In Kansas City, Missouri, a computer helps fire-fighters. The computer keeps information about every one of the 350,000 street 37 in the city. When fire-fighters answer a call, the computer will give them important information about the 38 building: its position, size and so on. In fact, the computer system has a lot of ways of helping fire-fighters with the problems 39 them. For instance, it can give 40 information about people living in a burning building.
A．themselves B．care C． relax D．record E.cure
With this information, the fire fighters can take special 41 to find these sick persons and save them.
The Kansas City computer system also keeps a medical 42 of each of the city’s 900 fire fighters. This kind of information is especially useful when a fireman is injured. With such information, doctors at the hospital can 43 the injured fire-fighters more quickly and easily.
The fire-fighters 44 need the computer’s help. They know about possible dangers and prepare for them. Many times the computer information helps to save lives and property. Sometimes the lives are those of fire-fighters themselves!
将下列单词填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次。
patient, comfort, chemist, obey, value, treat, freeze, relax
45．The soldier must get punishment for orders.
46．It’s interesting for kids to go skating on the lake in weather.
47．The little boy’s made his mum really angry.
48．Nothing is than life.
49．They need more rest and after a day of hard work.
50．We often know about important symbols during lessons.
51．His of the pet was so cruel that we couldn’t bear it.
52．How we lived in the camp without electricity and tap water!
从方框中选择恰当的词或短语并用其正确的形式填空 (每个词或短语只能用一次)。
north; click on; dream of; teach oneself; keep in touch; relax; hand in; hear of; the opposite of; all one’s life
53．I’m sorry my answer is yours.
54．Aunt Li lived and worked in Suzhou .
55．I have never travelling around the world in eight hours.
56．— you Zhong Nanshan
—Of course! He is our great hero.
57．In the part of China, it is always cold in winter.
58．Peter, the “Tour” icon, and you can start your online tour.
59． with friends is important to your friendship.
60．So far, only one student the homework.
61．Chengxi Park is a good place after a hard day’s work.
62．—Where is Daniel
—He French in his study now.
请根据句意从方框中选择合适的动词，并用其适当时态填空，使句子通顺。
last know obey study make
63．As a role model, Jenny always what her parents ask her to do and not to do.
64．The car crashed into the tree as Robin a phone call. How terrible!
65．—You look worried. What’s the matter
—Everyone except me the result of yesterday’s job interview.
66．I’m watching a football match now. It started at 7:30 p.m. and for another hour.
67．—Your French is so good. Have you ever been to France
—Yes. I in Paris for two years and I came back last year.
用方框内所给单词的适当形式完成短文。
quick，pupil，face，until，bad，child，hand，run，go，stop
It was a fine day in autumn. Some girls and boys were out with their teacher. They 68 to a museum. On their way to cross a bridge, they suddenly（突然地）heard a loud shout behind them. The teacher told her students 69 . Then she turned and listened. When she heard the cry “Mad dog!” she knew what was happening. Before she could do anything, she saw a dog 70 to them. “ 71 ,” said the teacher, “keep close to each other. Don’t move or cry.” Then she stood before the children so that the dog would meet her first. The animal came 72 .
At this moment the teacher saw a man. He ran up with a gun（枪）in his 73 . “The children must be kept safe 74 the man comes,” thought the lady. The teacher ran to the dog, 75 it bravely. The mad dog snapped（猛咬）at her and she fell down. The man came and killed the animal. The dog had bitten her so 76 that the brave lady died soon after the doctors arrived. She lost her life for her 77 . When people heard of this, they said, “The brave lady will always be remembered among us!”
根据短文内容，用方框中的单词或其恰当的形式填空。（每词只用一次）
if, well, still, couldn’t, die, wrong, either, that, feel, most
Swimming is very popular in summer. People like swimming in summer because water makes them 78 cool. If you like swimming. You’d better not swim in a 79 place. It may not be safe. In the past many people in the world 80 . While they were enjoying themselves in the water, and 81 of them were students. But some people are 82 not careful in swimming. They often think they swim so 83 that nothing can happen to them in water.
Summer is here again. If you go swimming in summer, don’t forget 84 better swimmers have died in water. They died because they were not careful, not because they 85 swim. So don’t get into water when you are alone. 86 there is a “No swimming” sign, don’t get into water, 87 If you remember these, swimming will be safer.
阅读下面短文，从框内6个选项中选出能分别填入5个小题空白处的最佳选项。
A．after B．when C． for D．moment E. kinds F. telling
Many students meet many 88 of danger in summer vacations. So it’s important 89 all of us to know how to keep safe.
We should follow the traffic rules whenever we cross the road. Never use the phones at the 90 . Also, we can go swimming in a swimming pool only 91 our parents go with us. We mustn’t go to a river to swim! What’s more, we shouldn’t go out with friends without 92 our parents about it.
In short, if we are in danger, remember to ask our parents or teachers for help.
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。请将答案写在下面题号后的横线上。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
on you use care close until space drink suggestion cost
Many things can cause driving accidents. Here are some 93 . These suggestions can help you to cut down the number of traffic accidents while you are driving. You should always remember that safety is the most important.
Firstly, keep your eyes 94 road conditions all the time. When you are driving a car, you should always be 95 . You should pay attention to people and vehicles on the road.
Secondly, keep as much 96 as you can between your car and the other cars. When your car stays too 97 to the others, accidents might happen.
Thirdly, never 98 your mobile phone while driving. There is no good reason to use 99 mobile phone while you are driving. If you really need to make a call, wait 100 you park your car at a safe place.
Finally, never drive after 101 . If you do that and traffic police find that, you will get a fine (罚金). If you have to drink, you can ask for a designated driver (代驾).You can also take a taxi or a bus. It just 102 you a little money.
阅读下列短文，从方框中选出恰当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、完整。
obey, they, side, clear, in, child, a, middle, safe, however
People make traffic rules to keep order on the road. 103 , every year thousands of people died or got hurt on the road 104 China. Please remember: keep to the right side on the road.
There are rules to make the road 105 , but people don’t always obey the rules. Some of 106 are careless. If everybody 107 the rules, the road will be much safer.
While you’re riding a bike, don’t ride in the 108 of the road. When you ride a bike with 109 friend, don’t look around or talk. If you drive, you should slow down at the traffic lights. You must always wear a seat belt (安全带), stop to look at both 110 . Don’t run across the road. If the road is 111 , it’s safe to cross the road. We must tell 112 not to play on the road.
In a word, it’s very necessary for everyone to obey the traffic rules.
将下列单词或短语前的字母填入空格。每个单词或短语只能填一次。
A．change; B．planes; C． form; D．surprised; E. is connected to; F. use; G. when
Energy makes the world go round. Energy lights our cities. Energy powers our vehicles (交通工具), trains, 113 and rockets. Energy warms our homes, cooks our food, plays our music, gives us pictures on television. Energy powers machines in factories and tractors on a farm. Without it, we’d be without key forms of technology and transportation.
Energy from the sun gives us light during the day. It dries our clothes 114 they’re hanging outside on a clothes line. It helps plants grow.
Everything we do 115 energy in one form or another.
When we eat, our bodies change the energy stored in the food into energy to do work. When we run or walk, we “burn” food energy in our bodies. When we think or read or write, we are also doing work. Many times it’s really hard work!
Cars, planes, light bulbs, boats and machines also 116 energy into work. Work means moving something, lifting something, warming something, lighting something. All these are a few of the various types of work.
Electricity is a 117 of energy used in our lives every day. Here’s something you can do to see the importance of electricity. Take a walk through your school, house or apartment and write down all the different appliances and machines that use electricity. You’ll be 118 at how many things we use each and every day that depend on electricity.
根据语篇内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词，并用其正确形式填空。将单词填写在答题卡对应的横线上。每个单词只能用一次。
keeps if as another you take dream spaceship ready improve
Some students often find it hard to learn English. A story of Chinese astronaut Deng Qingming might be helpful.
Deng was chosen 119 an astronaut trainee (练习生) in 1998. Since that day, it has 120 him almost all of his time to train hard to become an astronaut. Over the years, Deng saw lots of trainees going to space one after 121 . However, he was always only a trainee. He often felt sad. Sometimes, he even cried.
But Deng never gave up. He is now in his fifties, but he still 122 training. “I must be 123 whenever the chance comes to me,” he once said. Finally, on the night of November 29, 2022, his 124 came true. He and two other astronauts flew into space by one of the Shenzhou 125 —Shenzhou 15. Deng waited twenty-four years for this moment.
So, 126 you want to give up learning English (or something else), think about Deng’s story. Be patient, please. Try to 127 your skills and keep going. One day, success will knock at 128 door. Make sure you are prepared when the time comes.
阅读短文，用方框中所给词或短语填空，使文章通顺、连贯、合理。（每空只能填一个单词或一个短语，每个单词或短语限用一次）
beating, instead, character, fights with, leader, appears, as, magic, quickly, special
Nezha is a famous 129 from Chinese fairy tales. He is known 130 a brave and magical boy who fights the bad people and helps others.
Nezha was born a long time ago during the Shang Dynasty in a place called Chentang Pass. His father was a 131 in the army. Nezha was not born like all the other children. 132 , he came out of a meat ball as a young boy, but not as a baby. This magical start of the story makes Nezha a 133 character.
Of all the experiences that he 134 bad people. The most well-known story that people like is about 135 a sea dragon to save his family and his town. To win this fight, Nezha used his 136 and smart thinking.
To fight bad people, Nezha rides on the wind fire wheels, which let him move very 137 . He also has a strong weapon called “the Fire-tipped Spear” (火尖枪). With these tools, Nezha is seen as a hero who stands up for what is right.
Today, Nezha is still loved and 138 in movies, cartoons, and festivals. He is a beloved (深受喜爱的) hero in Chinese culture, known for his bravery and protection.
阅读下面短文, 从方框中选择适当的词语填空。方框中有两个词语为多余选项。
chance, dream, Though, illness, move, painters, started, When, works
Zhang Junli, an amazing woman, is from Taiyuan, Shanxi Province. She has overcome (克服) life’s greatest difficulties to become one of the most famous 139 in China. She has been paralyzed (瘫痪的) for over 30 years. When she was six, Zhang had a serious 140 . At eight, she could not move 90% of her body. She can only 141 her shoulders (肩膀) and neck a little now.
However, being paralyzed never stopped her from trying to follow her dreams. Zhang took up drawing at a young age and 142 learning painting in 2015. 143 it is hard for her to pick a paintbrush, her love for painting is always pushing her to challenge herself.
“Painting has changed me. The first time I picked up a brush, I felt that I liked to draw,” says Zhang. “The world is so beautiful. Even if I am in poor health, I don’t want to give up the 144 to live.” Now Zhang has created thousands of pencil sketches (素描). She also has an online shop called Zhang Junli’s Paintings, where she sells her works.
Zhang wants to use her 145 to encourage those who are like her, and to tell them never give up. “Instead of crying and worrying all day, find your meaning in life. Live in the present,” says Zhang, a true inspiration.
阅读下面短文，从短文前的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。有一个为多余选项。
A．a B．hear C． with D．but E. about F. at
Do you like music Do you know about Beethoven, a great musician in the world
He was born in Germany. His father was a singer and he was strict 146 Beethoven. When Beethoven was only four, his father asked him to learn different musical instruments. Beethoven loved music and he learned very fast. He got high praise from Mozart, the great musician at that time, 147 the age of 17.
At that time, it was difficult to have 148 happy life. Beethoven was hard-working, but it wasn’t easy to make much money. One day, he found he couldn’t 149 clearly. But he still went on working and writing music pieces, and some of his best pieces came out after he lost his hearing. In 1827, leaving more than 300 pieces, the great musician left the world, 150 people remember his name and music today.
desert; space; heavy; to be; when; woman; Chinese; loves; hot; see; then
Wang Yaping is an astronaut. In 2013, she became the second Chinese woman to travel to 151 . She is also famous for a physics class televised for more than 60 million people.
Wang trained very hard for many years 152 an astronaut. The hardest part was 153 training. Wearing a spacesuit and carrying special 154 equipment (装备), she walked several kilometers through the 155 and sandy desert. “Sometimes it was so windy and dusty (布满灰尘的),” she says, “that we couldn’t 156 each other even though we were just a few meters away.”
Wang 157 her job. She remembers watching the first 158 astronaut (宇航员) go into space. “I was so proud and also very excited. But 159 I watched it, a thought came into my mind: We have men pilots (飞行员) and women pilots; and 160 a man astronaut. When will there be a 161 astronaut And today, it’s me becoming one of the first few.”
中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
参考答案及试题解析
1．B 2．C 3．E 4．A 5．G 6．F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了水污染的危害以及防治。
1．句意：水污染对人类、植物、鱼类和鸟类都有害。根据句意可知，be harmful to“对……有害”，固定短语，此处指水污染对人类、植物、鱼类和鸟类都有害。故选B。
2．句意：饮用水污染是世界一半人口面临的问题。根据“Among the 250 million people who get sick because of water pollution, 5 to 10 million of them die.”可知，在因水污染而生病的2.5亿人中，其中有500万到1000万人死亡，所以，饮用水污染是世界一半人口面临的问题。故选C。
3．句意：随着水污染变得越来越严重，地球上没有人应该对此无动于衷。根据前文“is getting more and more”后面应该跟形容词，结合方框的词可知，此处表达“水污染越来越严重”，more and more serious“越来越严重”。故选E。
4．句意：我们中的一些人习惯于将污水和有害化学物质倒入河流和湖泊中，而另一些人则将垃圾扔进其中。根据前面“throw”后面应该跟名词作宾语，结合方框的词可知，此处表达“扔垃圾”throw rubbish。故选A。
5．句意：我们也应该尽力不使用化学物质。根据前文“use”后面应该跟名词，结合方框里的词可知，此处表达的是“不使用化学物质”，所以，“chemicals化学物质”符合题意。故选G。
6．句意：我们只能用一种办法来保护我们珍贵的水资源：阻止有害的化学物质进入我们的水中！根据题意可知，prevent… from…“防止……做某事……”，固定短语。故选F。
7．B 8．F 9．D 10．A 11．C
【导语】本文主要介绍如何控制空气污染。
7．句意：它经常是由燃烧石油、煤和天然气等引起的。根据“Air pollution is a big problem for people all over the world. It is most...caused by burning things like petroleum (石油), coal, and natural gas.”和备选词可知，空气污染经常是由燃烧石油、煤和天然气等引起的，often“经常”符合语境，故选B。
8．句意：但是我们怎样才能控制空气污染呢？根据“But how can we...air pollution ”和后文可知，是如何控制空气污染，control“控制”符合语境，故选F。
9．句意：种更多的树是这个问题的答案之一。根据“Planting more trees is one of the answers to this...”和备选词可知，种更多的树是这个问题的答案之一，question“问题”符合语境，故选D。
10．句意：使用公共交通无疑是减少空气污染的捷径，因为它使用较少的天然气和能源。根据“Using public transport is a sure short way of reducing air pollution as it uses less gas and...”和备选词可知，使用公共交通用较少的天然气和能源，energy“能源”符合语境，故选A。
11．句意：请记住，当我们使用暖气或空调，清洁窗户甚至刷牙时，我们做出的选择可以减少或增加空气污染。根据“Please remember that when using our heater or air conditioner, cleaning our windows or even brushing our teeth, we make...that can reduce or increase air pollution.”和备选词可知，我们做出的选择可以减少或增加空气污染，choices“选择”符合语境，故选C。
12．polluting 13．to break down 14．right away 15．especially 16．or
【导语】本文主要介绍了塑料的坏处，呼吁大家减少使用塑料。
12．句意：它正在污染环境，杀害人类和动物。根据“It is...the environment and killing humans and animals.”可知此处表示“正在污染环境”，根据is可知本句是现在进行时，其结构为am/is/are+动词的现在分词，pollute的现在分词为polluting。故填polluting。
13．句意：塑料需要数百年才能分解。根据“And it takes hundreds of years for plastic...”及备选单词可知此处表示“分解”break down，由“it takes hundreds of years for”可知考查“it takes+时间+for sb/sth to do sth”做某事花费某人/某物多长时间。故填to break down。
14．句意：因此，我们需要立即采取行动。根据“So we need to take action”及备选单词可知此处表示“立刻，马上”right away，固定短语。故填right away。
15．句意：我们必须减少塑料的使用，尤其是一次性塑料。根据“We must cut our use of plastic...single-use plastic.”及备选单词可知此处表示“尤其，特别”，especially意为“尤其，特别”，强调我们必须减少塑料的使用。故填especially。
16．句意：我们也必须更多地回收利用，否则我们可能会失去生命或世界。根据“We must also recycle more...we might not have a life or a world left.”可知前半句是正确的做法，后半句是不这样做导致的不良后果，转折关系，用or。故填or。
17．us 18．simple 19．turning 20．teeth 21．reuse 22．Recycling 23．separate 24．important 25．more 26．difference
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了保护环境、减少污染的一些做法。
17．句意：我们的环境正变得糟糕，所以该是我们行动起来保护环境的时候了。分析句子可知，it’s time for sb. to do sth.“是某人做某事的时候了”；根据前面“Our environment”和备选词汇可知这里用“we”的宾格us。故填us。
18．句意：这是一些可以采取的简单措施。横线后名词，前面需要用形容词修饰；结合下文介绍的都是一些生活中的小事，所以这里指简单的步骤，simple“简单的”符合语境。故填simple。
19．句意：我们可以通过缩短淋浴时间和在刷牙时关闭水龙头来节约水。结合语境和空后“off”以及备选词汇可知，这里用动词turn，构成短语turn off“关闭”；空前有介词“by”，此处用动名词形式turning。故填turning。
20．句意：我们可以通过缩短淋浴时间和在刷牙时关闭水龙头来节约水。结合语境和常识以及备选词汇可知，人们在刷牙时可以关闭水龙头来节水，所以这里用可数名词“tooth”的复数形式teeth。故填teeth。
21．句意：如果有可能的话，我们也应该重复利用水。根据前一句“We can save water by taking shorter showers and ... off the tap when we brush our ...”和备选词汇可知，除了节约用水外，人们还可以重复利用水，所以这里用动词“use”的相关动词reuse“重复使用”；空前有情态动词should，因此用原形reuse。故填reuse。
22．句意：循环使用也是一种帮助减少污染的好方法。结合语境和后一句“We should...waste into different groups so that it can be recycled.”以及备选词汇可知，垃圾分类以便循环利用，可推断出循环利用也是环保的方式之一，所以这里用recycle“循环使用”；在句中作主语，因此用recycle的动名词形式，句首首字母大写。故填Recycling。
23．句意：我们应该把垃圾分成不同的类别以便能够回收利用。结合语境和空后“into”以及备选词汇可知，垃圾分类是为了循环利用，所以这里用动词separate“分开”，构成短语separate…into“把……分成”；空前有“should”，因此separate用原形。故填separate。
24．句意：此外，人们养成绿色生活方式很重要。分析句子可知，本句用it’s+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.“对某人来说做某事是……”的结构，这里填形容词；结合语境和备选词汇可推断出为了保护环境，人们形成低碳环保的生活方式也很重要，形容词important“重要的”，符合语境。故填important。
25．句意：我们应该多做运动，少看电视。分析句子和空后“less TV”可知这里也用比较级，结合语境和备选词汇可推断出多运动也是绿色生活方式之一，所以这里用many“许多”的比较级形式more，修饰“exercise”。故填more。
26．句意：遵循这些小措施，你就能给地球带来大的改变！分析句子可知这里应填名词；结合语境和备选词汇可推断出每个人都能对环保产生大的影响，所以用different“不同的”的名词形式，构成短语make a difference to“对……产生影响”。故填difference。
27．getting 28．worse 29．that 30．nothing 31．shown 32．communication 33．different 34．themselves 35．activities 36．control
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。讲述了青少年可能会有心理问题。一些人变得担心，因为他们必须努力学习。另一些人很难与他们的父母和同学相处融洽。专家给出了一些建议，多沟通，多参加集体活动等。
27．句意：另一些人很难与他们的父母和同学相处融洽。结合句意和固定搭配“get on with”和某人相处，可知“get得到”符合语境，根据“have trouble doing sth”结构，故填getting。
28．句意：武汉二年级的刘同学在课堂上不理解老师所讲授的内容，然后课上表现比之前更糟糕。结合句意和固定搭配“do badly in”在某方面做得糟糕，“badly糟糕地”符合语境，根据“...than before”，要用比较级，故填worse。
29．句意：他是如此地担心以至于晚上睡不着。结合句意和“so...that...”如此……以至于……，可知“that那个”符合语境，故填that。
30．句意：另一名来自广州的14岁的闫同学惧怕考试，当她看着考卷时要写的内容什么也想不出来。结合句意和备选词汇可知，此处应填名词或代词，“nothing没有东西”符合语境，故填nothing。
31．句意：一项最近的研究表明16%的青少年有心理问题。结合句意和备选词汇可知，应填一个能和主语“A recent research”搭配的动词，show表明”符合语境，又要与前面的“has”构成现在完成时，动词要变成过去分词，故填shown。
32．句意：他们的麻烦包括焦虑和不开心，并且和别人有沟通方面的问题。结合句意和备选词汇可知“communicate交流”符合语境，根据后面接的名词“difficulties”，所以需要变成名词作定语，故填communication。
33．句意：一些学生担心求助可能会使他们看起来另类。结合句意和备选词汇可知，“seem”后需要一个形容词，different“不同的”符合语境，故填different。
34．句意：相反，他们不与人交际。结合句意和备选词汇可知，应填表示人的代词，“they他们”符合语境，根据固定搭配“keep one to oneself”不与人交际，要变成反身代词，故填themselves。
35．句意：参加团体活动并且做运动。结合句意和备选词汇可知，此空需要填名词，“activity活动”符合语境，活动不只一项，所以要填可数名词的复数形式，故填activities。
36．句意：如果你不能控制你的焦虑和压力，去看医生。结合句意和备选词汇可知，后接名词，则需要一个动词，“control控制”符合语境，根据前面的“...are often unable to...”，要填动词原形，故填control。
37．B 38．E 39．D 40．A 41．B 42．D 43．E 44．A
【导语】本文介绍了在美国的堪萨斯州，计算机系统在消防员的工作中起到了重大作用。
37．句意：这台计算机保存着全市35万个街道地址中的每一个地址的信息。根据“350,000 street...”可知空处缺少名词复数形式。addresses“地址”符合语境。故选B。
38．句意：当消防队员接听电话时，电脑会向他们提供有关着火建筑物的重要信息。根据“When fire-fighters answer a call,”可知此处是指着火建筑物。burning“着火的”。故选E。
39．句意：事实上，计算机系统有很多方法可以帮助消防员解决他们面临的问题。根据“In fact, the computer system has a lot of ways of helping fire-fighters with the problems...them.”可知此处是指帮助消防员解决他们面临的问题。facing“面临”符合语境。故选D。
40．句意：例如，它可以提供居住在燃烧建筑物中的人们的医疗信息。根据“it can give...information about people living in a burning building.”可知此处是指人们医疗信息。medical“医疗的”符合语境。故选A。
41．句意：有了这些信息，消防队员可以特别注意找到这些病人并拯救他们。根据“to find these sick persons and save them.”可知是有了这些信息，消防员可以有目的的找到病人。take special care“特别注意”符合语境。故选B。
42．句意：堪萨斯城的计算机系统还保存着该市900名消防员的医疗记录。根据“keeps a medical...of each of the city’s 900 fire fighters.”可知此处是短语keep a record of“记录”。故选D。
43．句意：有了这些信息，医院的医生可以更快更容易地治愈受伤的消防员。根据“doctors at the hospital can...the injured fire-fighters more quickly and easily.”可知医生是治愈人的。cure“治愈”符合语境。故选E。
44．句意：消防队员自己也需要电脑的帮助。根据“The fire-fighters...need the computer’s help.”可知，反身代词themselves“他们自己”符合语境，表示消防员自己。故选A。
45．disobeying 46． frozen freezing 47．impatience 48．more valuable 49．relaxation 50． chemical chemistry 51．treatment 52．uncomfortably
【解析】45．句意：士兵不服从命令必须受到惩罚。根据所给词和“The soldier must get punishment for…orders.”可知是“不服从命令”，obey“服从，遵守”，disobey“不服从，违抗”符合题意。由介词for，可知空格处用动名词。故填disobeying。
46．句意：在寒冷的天气里，孩子们在结冰的湖面上滑冰很有趣。空格处修饰名词，应用形容词。根据“go skating on the…lake in…weather”和所给词可知是“在寒冷的天气里，在结冰的湖面上滑冰”。freeze“(使)结冰”，动词，其形容词frozen“结冰的，冻结的”和freezing“冰冷的，极冷的”，frozen是被动形容词，freezing主动形容词，所以第一个空格处用frozen，on the frozen lake“在结冰的湖面上”，第二个空格处用freezing， in freezing weather“在寒冷的天气里”。故填frozen；freezing。
47．句意：小男孩的不耐烦让他妈妈很生气。空格处作主语，结合名词所有格boy’s可知，空格处用名词。根据“The little boy’s…made his mum really angry.”和所给词可知，小男孩不耐烦，patient“有耐心的”，形容词，impatience“不耐烦，急躁，名词”符合题意。故填impatience。
48．句意：没有比生命更宝贵的东西。空格处作表语，用形容词，结合介词“than”可知，空格处用形容词比较级。根据“Nothing is…than life.”和常识可知，没有什么比生命更宝贵的，value“价值”，名词，形容词是valuable“宝贵的，贵重的”，比较级是more valuable。故填more valuable。
49．句意：经过一天的努力工作，他们需要更多的休息和放松。空格处作宾语，应用名词。根据“after a day of hard work”可知，需要放松，relax“放松”，动词，其名词是relaxation。故填relaxation。
50．句意：在化学课上，我们经常知道一些重要的化学符号。根据“We often know about important…symbols during…lessons.”和所给词可知是，“化学符号”和“化学课”。chemist“药剂师，化学家”，chemistry“化学”，名词，chemical“与化学有关的、化学的”，形容词。第一个空格处用形容词chemical作定语，chemical symbols意为“化学符号”，第二空格处用名词chemistry作定语，chemistry lessons“化学课”。故填chemical；chemistry。
51．句意：他对待宠物的方式太残忍了，我们无法忍受。空格处作主语，用名词。根据“His…of the pet was so cruel”可知是，他对待宠物，treat“对待”，动词，名词是treatment“对待，对待……方式”。故填treatment。
52．句意：我们在没有电和自来水的营地里生活得多么不舒服！空格处修饰整个句子，用副词。根据“we lived in the camp without electricity and tap water”可知，应填“不舒服”。comfort“安慰，抚慰”，动词或名词，uncomfortably “令人不安地，不舒服地，副词”符合题意。故填uncomfortably。
53．the opposite of 54．all her life 55．dreamed of 56． Have heard of 57．northern 58．click on 59．Keeping in touch 60．has handed in 61．to relax 62．is teaching himself
【解析】53．句意：对不起，我的答案与你的相反。根据“I’m sorry my answer is…yours.”以及备选词可知，此处指的是“我”感到很抱歉，因为“我”的答案和你的相反，应填短语the opposite of“与……相反”。故填the opposite of。
54．句意：李阿姨一生都在苏州生活和工作。根据“Aunt Li lived and worked in Suzhou…”以及备选词可知，此处指的是李阿姨一生都在苏州生活和工作，应用短语all one’s life“一生”，Aunt Li作主语，应用形容词性物主代词her“她的”。故填all her life。
55．句意：我从未梦想过在八小时内环游世界。根据“I have never…travelling around the world in eight hours.”以及备选词可知，此处指的是“我”从未梦想过在八小时内环游世界，应用动词短语dream of“梦想”，句子时态为现在完成时，其结构为“have/has+过去分词”，动词dream的过去分词为dreamed。故填dreamed of。
56．句意：——你听说过钟南山吗？——当然！他是我们的大英雄。根据答语“Of course! He is our great hero.”以及备选词可知，此处应询问是否听说过钟南山，表示过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响，句子应用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has+过去分词”；hear of“听说”，动词短语，动词hear的过去分词为heard；且句首首字母要大写。故填Have；heard of。
57．句意：在中国的北方，冬天总是很冷。根据“In the…part of China, it is always cold in winter.”以及备选词可知，此处指的是中国北方的冬天总是很冷，应用名词north“北方”，north的形容词为northern“北部的”，空处应填形容词northern作定语来修饰名词part。故填northern。
58．句意：彼得，点击“旅游”图标，你就可以开始网上旅游了。根据“…the ‘Tour’ icon, and you can start your online tour”以及备选词可知，此处指的是点击“旅游”图标，就可以开始网上旅游了，此句为祈使句，应填动词短语click on“点击”。故填click on。
59．句意：和朋友保持联系对你们的友谊很重要。根据“…with friends is important to your friendship.”以及备选词可知，此处指的是和朋友保持联系对你们的友谊很重要，应用动词短语keep in touch“保持联络”，此处为动名词作主语，且句首首字母要大写。故填Keeping in touch。
60．句意：到目前为止，只有一个学生交了作业。根据“So far, only one student…the homework.”以及备选词可知，此处指的是到目前为止，只有一个学生交了作业，应用动词短语hand in“上交”；句子时态为现在完成时，其结构为“have/has+过去分词”，动词hand的过去分词为handed，only one student作主语，空处应填has handed in。故填has handed in。
61．句意：一天辛苦工作后，城西公园是一个放松的好地方。根据“Chengxi Park is a good place…after a hard day’s work.”以及备选词可知，此处指的是城西公园是一个放松的好地方，应用动词relax“放松”，此处应用动词不定式作定语。故填to relax。
62．句意：——丹尼尔在哪里？——他现在正在书房里自学法语。根据“He…French in his study now.”以及备选词可知，此处指的是他现在正在书房里自学法语，应用动词短语teach oneself“自学”；句子时态为现在进行时，其结构为“be+doing”，He作主语，be动词应用is，反身代词himself“他自己”。故填is teaching himself。
63．obeys 64．was making 65．knows 66．will last 67．studied
【解析】63．句意：作为一个榜样，珍妮总是遵循她父母要求她做和不做的事情。根据句子可知，空处缺少一个动词，备选单词obey符合语境，主语Jenny为第三人称单数，空处应填obey的第三人称单数形式obeys“遵守”。故填obeys。
64．句意：当罗宾正在打电话时，汽车撞到了树上。太可怕了！根据“…a phone call.”可知，此处是一个常用英文表达make a phone call“打电话”；根据语境可知，汽车撞倒了树上这件事发生在过去，罗宾当时应是正在打电话，从句应使用过去进行时，空处应填make的过去进行时was making。故填was making。
65．句意：——你看起来很担心。怎么了？ ——除了我，每个人都知道昨天的求职面试结果。 根据句子可知，空处缺少一个动词，备选单词know符合语境，句子时态应为一般现在时，主语为everyone，空处应填know的第三人称单数形式knows“知道”。故填knows。
66．句意：我现在正在看一场足球比赛。比赛于晚上7:30开始，还将会继续一个小时。 根据句子可知，空处缺少一个动词，备选单词last符合语境，比赛应是将会持续一个小时，句子时态应为一般将来时，空处应填will last“将持续”。故填will last。
67．句意：——你的法语说得很好。你去过法国吗？——是的。我在巴黎学习了两年，去年回来了。根据“Yes. I…in Paris for two years and I came back last year.”可知，此处指的是曾经在巴黎学习了两年，句子应使用一般过去时，空处应填study的过去式形式studied“学习”。故填studied。
68．were going 69．to stop 70．running 71．Children 72．quickly 73．hand 74．until 75．facing 76．badly 77．pupils
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了在老师和同学们的一次郊游途中，老师为了保护孩子们不受到狗的伤害英勇牺牲的故事。
68．句意：他们打算去一个博物馆。根据下文“On their way to cross a bridge”可知，老师和孩子们在去博物馆的路上。be going to“打算去……”。由于故事发生在过去，所以用were going to。故填were going。
69．句意：老师告诉她的学生们停下来。根据“ they suddenly（突然地）heard a loud shout behind them”可知，老师应该是告诉孩子们停下来。tell sb to do sth“告诉某人做某事”。故填to stop。
70．句意：她还没来得及做任何事情，她看见一只狗跑向他们。根据下文“keep close to each other. Don’t move or cry”可知，狗跑向了他们。see sb doing sth“看见某人正在做某事”。故填running。
71．句意：“孩子们”，老师说，“彼此紧紧挨在一起。不要移动，不要哭”。此句没有主语。根据故事前文“she saw a dog running to them”可知，此句话是老师告诉孩子们的。故填Children。
72．句意：这个动物迅速地过来了。根据“she saw a dog running to them”可知，狗的速度一定很快。副词quickly修饰动词came。故填quickly。
73．句意：他手里拿着枪跑过来。根据“ He ran up with a gun（枪）in his ”可知，手里拿着枪。故填hand。
74．句意：在那名男子过来之前，孩子们必须是安全的。因为前文提到“He ran up with a gun（枪）in his hand”，所以，在男人来到孩子身边前，她必须保证孩子们的安全。故填until。
75．句意：老师跑向这条狗，勇敢的面对着它。根据“The teacher ran to the dog”可知，老师是勇敢的面对这条狗。因为后半句主语与前半句主语一致，后半句省略了主语，所以用现在分词形式作伴随状语。故填facing。
76．句意：狗咬得她很厉害，以致于这个勇敢的老师在医生赶到后不久就去世了。根据“the brave lady died soon after the doctors arrived”可知，老师伤的很严重。由于此空修饰bitten，所以此空应该是副词。故填badly。
77．句意：她为她的学生们牺牲了自己。文中提到“ She lost her life for her”意思是“她为了她的……丢了生命”，根据前文故事情节可知，老师是为了保护学生们才丢掉了生命，所以此处应该用名词复数形式。故填pupils。
78．feel 79．wrong 80．died 81．most 82．still 83．well 84．that 85．couldn’t 86．If 87．either
【导语】本文主要讲了夏天游泳要注意安全。
78．句意：人们喜欢在夏天游泳，因为水让他们感觉凉爽。根据“People like swimming in summer because water makes them...”可知，水使人们有凉爽的感觉。make sb. do sth.表示“使某人做某事”，备选词feel“感觉”符合语境。故填feel。
79．句意：如果你喜欢游泳，你最好不要在错误的地方游泳。根据“It may not be safe.”可知，不安全的地方应该是错误的地方。备选词wrong表示“错误的”，符合语境。故填wrong。
80．句意：在过去，世界上很多人溺水身亡。根据“While they were enjoying themselves in the water”以及后文提到有人在水中出事，可知此处指很多人溺水死亡。备选词die“死亡”符合语境，根据“In the past”可知，用一般过去时，die的过去式是died。故填died。
81．句意：他们中的大多数是学生。根据“many people in the world”以及“of them were students”可知，此处表示这些溺水身亡的人中大多数是学生。备选词most表示“大多数”，符合语境，most of...表示“……中的大多数”。故填most。
82．句意：但是一些人在游泳时仍然不小心。根据“They often think they swim so...that nothing can happen to them in water.”可知，尽管有危险，一些人还是不小心。备选词still表示“仍然”，符合语境。故填still。
83．句意：他们常常认为他们游泳游得如此好以至于在水里不会发生任何事情。根据“nothing can happen to them in water”可知，他们觉得自己游泳水平高所以不会出事。备选词well“好地”符合语境，修饰动词“swim”。故填well。
84．句意：如果你在夏天去游泳，不要忘记更好的游泳者已经在水中丧生。“forget”后接宾语从句，从句中不缺少成分，用“that”引导宾语从句，无实际意义。故填that。
85．句意：他们死亡是因为他们不小心，而不是因为他们不会游泳。根据“They died because they were not careful”可知，不是因为他们不会游泳才死亡。备选词couldn’t表示“不能，不会”，符合语境。故填couldn’t。
86．句意：如果有“禁止游泳”的标志，也不要进入水中。根据“don’t get into water”以及“there is a ‘No swimming’ sign”可知，此处是假设如果有标志就不要下水。备选词if表示“如果”，引导条件状语从句，符合语境，句首字母大写。故填If。
87．句意：如果有“禁止游泳”的标志，也不要进入水中。根据“don’t get into water”可知，此处表示否定的“也”。备选词either 用于否定句中，表示“也”，符合语境。故填either。
88．E 89．C 90．D 91．B 92．F
【导语】本文主要讲了在暑假时应该注意的安全事项。
88．句意：许多学生在暑假期间会遇到各种各样的危险。根据“Many students meet many…of danger in summer vacations.”可知，此处是指各种各样的危险，固定短语many kinds of意为“很多种类”。故选E。
89．句意：因此，对我们所有人来说，知道如何保证安全是很重要的。根据“So it’s important…all of us to know how to keep safe.”可知，此处为固定句型，It is important for sb.意为“这对于某人来说很重要”，因此用介词for。故选C。
90．句意：不要在过马路的时候使用手机。根据“We should follow the traffic rules whenever we cross the road.”可知，此处在告诫我们在过马路的那个时刻，不要玩手机，at the moment意为“在那个时刻”。故选D。
91．句意：而且，只有父母陪同，我们才能去游泳池游泳。根据“we can go swimming in a swimming pool only…our parents go with us.”可知，此处用when引导时间状语从句，指的是有父母陪伴时才可以去游泳。故选B。
92．句意：另外，我们不应该在没有告诉父母的情况下和朋友出去。根据“we shouldn’t go out with friends without…our parents about it.”可知，我们出去玩必须告诉父母，telling“告诉”符合语境。故选F。
93．suggestions 94．on 95．careful 96．space 97．close 98．use 99．your 100．until 101．drinking 102．costs
【导语】本文主要给出一些道路安全的建议。
93．句意：这里有一些建议。根据后句“These suggestions...”可知，是给出一些建议，suggestions“建议”符合语境，故填suggestions。
94．句意：首先，时刻关注路况。keep your eyes on“密切关注”，固定短语，故填on。
95．句意：当你开车的时候，你应该时刻小心。根据“When you are driving a car, you should always be...”及备选词可知，开车时需要小心，careful“小心的”，在句中作表语，故填careful。
96．句意：其次，在你的车和其他车之间保持尽可能多的空间。根据“keep as much...as you can between your car and the other cars”及备选词可知，车与车之间要保留尽可能多的空间，space“空间”符合语境，故填space。
97．句意：当你的车离其他车太近时，可能会发生事故。根据“When your car stays too...to the others, accidents might happen.”及备选词可知，车距太近时可能会发生事故，close“近的”符合语境，故填close。
98．句意：第三，开车时不要使用手机。根据“never...your mobile phone while driving”可知，开车时不要使用手机，use“使用”，祈使句用动词原形，故填use。
99．句意：开车时使用你的手机是没有什么好理由的。根据“There is no good reason to use...mobile phone while you are driving.”及备选词可知，从句主语是you，空处作定语修饰mobile phone，用形容词性物主代词your，故填your。
100．句意：如果你真的需要打电话，等到你把车停在一个安全的地方。根据“If you really need to make a call, wait...you park your car at a safe place.”可知，直到把车停在一个安全的地方再打电话，until“直到”符合语境，故填until。
101．句意：最后，不要酒后驾车。根据“never drive after...”及备选词可知，不要酒后驾车，drink“喝酒”，介词后用动名词作宾语，故填drinking。
102．句意：只是花点钱而已。根据“It just...you a little money.”可知，乘出租车或公共汽车只要花一点钱，cost“花费”，时态是一般现在时，主语是It，动词用三单形式，故填costs。
103．However 104．in 105．safe 106．them 107．obeys 108．middle 109．a 110．sides 111．clear 112．children
【导语】本文讲述了如何在路上保持安全。
103．句意：然而，每年都有成千上万的人在中国的道路上死亡或受伤。根据“People make traffic rules to keep order on the road.”可知，此处表示转折，however“然而”，符合题意。故填However。
104．句意：然而，每年都有成千上万的人在中国的道路上死亡或受伤。根据“China”可知，此处说的是在中国的情况，in China“在中国”，故填in。
105．句意：有规则使道路安全，但人们并不总是遵守规则。根据“There are rules to make the road”可知，此处是说规则让道路安全，故填safe。
106．句意：他们中的一些人很粗心。根据“but people don’t always obey the rules”可知，此处是说他们中的一些人粗心，of为介词，后跟代词宾格作宾语。故填them。
107．句意：如果每个人都遵守规则，马路就会变得安全得多。根据“the road will be much safer”可知，此处是说如果每个人都遵守规则，obey“遵守”，动词，if引导的条件状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时，主语“everybody”为第三人称单数，此处用第三人称单数。故填obeys。
108．句意：当你骑自行车时，不要在马路中间骑。结合所给词并根据“don’t ride”可知，此处是说不要在公路中间骑，in the middle of“在……的中间”，故填middle。
109．句意：当你和朋友一起骑自行车时，别环顾四周或交谈。根据“friend”可知，此处是说当和一个朋友骑车时，“friend”以辅音音素开头，前用不定冠词a表示一个。故填a。
110．句意：你一定要随时系好安全带，停下来看看两边。根据“look at both”可知，此处是说看两边。side“边”，可数名词，both修饰名词复数形式。故填sides。
111．句意：如果道路畅通，过马路就安全了。根据“it’s safe to cross the road”可知，此处是说如果道路畅通，clear“顺畅的”。故填clear。
112．句意：我们必须告诉孩子们不要在马路上玩耍。根据“not to play on the road”可知，此处是说告诉孩子们不要在马路上玩耍。child“孩子”，可数名词，其复数为children。故填children。
113．B 114．G 115．E 116．A 117．C 118．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了能源在人们生产生活中的重要用途。
113．句意：能源为我们的车辆、火车、飞机和火箭提供动力。根据“vehicles (交通工具), trains,…and rockets.”可知，此处表示并列关系，应填交通工具，备选词汇“planes飞机”符合语境，故填B。
114．句意：当我们的衣服挂在外面的晾衣绳上时，它会把它们烘干。根据“It dries our clothes…they’re hanging outside on a clothes line.”可知，这里是时间状语从句，备选词汇“when当……时”符合语境，故填G。
115．句意：我们所做的一切都以某种形式与能量联系在一起。根据“Everything we do…energy in one form or another.”可知，生活中一切事情都与能量相关，备选词汇“is connected to与……相关”符合语境，故填E。
116．句意：汽车、飞机、灯泡、船只和机器也将能量转化为功。根据“Cars, planes, light bulbs, boats and machines also…energy into work.”可知，转换成能量进行工作，备选词汇“change转换，转变”符合语境，故填A。
117．句意：电是我们每天生活中使用的一种能源。根据“a…of energy”可知，这里表示用“一种能源”，备选词汇“form类型”符合语境，故填C。
118．句意：你会惊讶于我们每天使用的依赖电力的东西有多少。根据“how many things we use each and every day that depend on electricity.”可知，每天用电做很多事情，是很惊奇的事，备选词汇“surprised惊奇的”符合语境，故填D。
119．as 120．taken 121．another 122．keeps 123．ready 124．dream 125．spaceships 126．if 127．improve 128．your
【导语】本文通过邓清明的事迹向人们传达了坚持不懈的精神，以及其对于成功的重要性。
119．句意：1998年，邓被选为宇航员实习生。根据“an astronaut trainee”可知，此处是说作为实习生，备选词as“作为”符合语境。故填as。
120．句意：从那天起，为了成为一名宇航员，他几乎把所有的时间都花在了刻苦训练上。根据“him almost all of his time to train hard to become an astronaut.”可知，此处是说把时间花费在刻苦训练上，备选词take符合语境，“it takes sb some time to do sth”为“花费某人多少时间做某事”，设空处前是“has”，填过去分词，构成现在完成时。故填taken。
121．句意：多年来，邓看到许多学员一个接一个地进入太空。根据“one after”可知，备选词another符合题意，固定短语one after another“一个接一个”，故填another。
122．句意：他现在已经五十多岁了，但他仍然坚持训练。根据“He is now in his fifties, but he still”可知，此处指的他仍然坚持训练，备选词keeps符合语境，主语是“he”，动词填三单形式。故填keeps。
123．句意：他曾经说过：“每当机会来临，我必须做好准备。”根据“whenever the chance comes to me”可知，此处是说要做好准备，备选词ready“准备好的”符合题意，作表语。故填ready。
124．句意：最终，在2022年11月29日晚上，他的梦想实现了。根据“came true”可知，此处是说飞入太空的梦想实现，备选词dream“梦想”符合题意，故填dream。
125．句意：他和另外两名宇航员乘坐神舟飞船之一——神舟十五号飞入太空。此处指的乘坐飞船，备选词spaceship符合题意，one of后接可数名词复数。故填spaceships。
126．句意：所以，如果你想放弃学习英语（或其他东西），想想邓的故事。根据“you want to give up learning English (or something else),”可知，此处是说“如果”想放弃，备选词if“如果”符合题意。故填if。
127．句意：努力提高你的技能，坚持下去。根据“Try to…your skills and keep going”可知，此处指的提高技能，备选词improve符合语境，设空处前是不定式符号to，接动词原形，故填improve。
128．句意：总有一天，成功会来敲你的门。根据“success will knock at…door.”可知，此处指的敲你的门，备选词you符合语境，改为形容词性物主代词your“你的”，修饰door。故填your。
129．character 130．as 131．leader 132．Instead 133．special 134．fights with 135．beating 136．magic 137．quickly 138．appears
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国神话故事中的著名人物哪吒，讲述了他的出生背景、神奇能力以及他在中国文化中的重要地位。
129．句意：哪吒是中国童话故事中一个著名的角色。根据“Nezha is a famous ... from Chinese fairy tales.”及备选词汇可知，这里表示哪吒是中国童话故事中一个著名的角色。“a famous”后接名词，“character”有“角色”之意，符合语境。故填character。
130．句意：他作为一个勇敢且有魔力的男孩而闻名，他与坏人作斗争并帮助他人。根据“He is known ... a brave and magical boy who fights the bad people and helps others.”及备选词汇可知，这里表示他作为一个勇敢且有魔力的男孩而闻名，他与坏人作斗争并帮助他人。“be known as...”为固定短语，意为“作为……而闻名”。故填as。
131．句意：他的父亲是军队中的一位领导。根据“His father was a ... in the army.”及备选词汇可知，这里表示他的父亲是军队中的一位领导。“a”后接名词，“leader”表示“领导”，符合父亲在军队中的身份描述。故填leader。
132．句意：相反，他从一个肉球里出来时就是个小男孩，而不是婴儿。根据“... he came out of a meat ball as a young boy, but not as a baby.”及备选词汇可知，这里表示相反，他从一个肉球里出来时就是个小男孩，而不是婴儿。这里需用副词表转折，“Instead”意为“相反”，符合语境。故填Instead。
133．句意：这个故事神奇的开端让哪吒成为一个特别的角色。根据“This magical start of the story makes Nezha a ... character.”及备选词汇可知，这里表示这个故事神奇的开端让哪吒成为一个特别的角色。“a...character”，这里需用形容词修饰名词“character”，“special”意为“特别的”，符合语境。故填special。
134．句意：在他与坏人斗争的所有经历中。根据“Of all the experiences that he ... bad people.”及备选词汇可知，这里表示在他与坏人斗争的所有经历中。句子描述的是一般事实，用一般现在时，主语“he”是第三人称单数，“fights with”表示“与……斗争”，符合语境。故填fights with。
135．句意：人们最喜欢的最著名的故事是关于打败一条海龙来拯救他的家人和他的城镇。根据“The most well-known story that people like is about ... a sea dragon to save his family and his town.”及备选词汇可知，这里表示人们最喜欢的最著名的故事是关于打败一条海龙来拯救他的家人和他的城镇。“about”为介词，后接动名词，“beating”是“beat”的动名词形式，符合语境，“about beating...”构成介宾短语。故填beating。
136．句意：为了赢得这场战斗，哪吒运用了他的魔法和聪明才智。根据“To win this fight, Nezha used his ... and smart thinking.”及备选词汇可知，这里表示为了赢得这场战斗，哪吒运用了他的魔法和聪明才智。“his”后接名词，“magic”有“魔法”之意，符合哪吒使用魔法战斗的语境。故填magic。
137．句意：为了与坏人战斗，哪吒骑着风火轮，这让他移动得非常快。根据“To fight bad people, Nezha rides on the wind fire wheels, which let him move very ...”及备选词汇可知，这里表示为了与坏人战斗，哪吒骑着风火轮，这让他移动得非常快。这里需用副词修饰动词“move”，“quickly”意为“快速地”，符合语境。故填quickly。
138．句意：如今，哪吒仍然深受喜爱，并出现在电影、卡通片和节日中。根据“Today, Nezha is still loved and ... in movies, cartoons, and festivals.”及备选词汇可知，这里表示如今，哪吒仍然深受喜爱，并出现在电影、卡通片和节日中。句子描述的是一般事实，用一般现在时，主语“Nezha”是第三人称单数，“appears”表示“出现”，符合语境。故填appears。
139．painters 140．illness 141．move 142．started 143．Though 144．chance 145．works
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了山西一个励志姑娘张俊莉通过坚持不懈的学习油画，成为了一名画家的故事。
139．句意：她已经克服了生命中最大的困难成为了中国最著名的画家之一。此处应填名词复数。根据“Zhang Junli’s Paintings, where she sells her works.”可知，张俊莉是一名画家，one of+形容词最高级+名词复数。故填painters。
140．句意：当她六岁的时候，张俊莉得了严重的疾病。此处应填名词。根据“At eight, she could not move 90% of her body.”和“She has been paralyzed (瘫痪的) for over 30 years.”可知，她瘫痪30多年了，她身体百分之九十不能活动了，得了很严重的病。“serious”严重的，形容词;“illness”疾病，名词。形容词修饰名词，故填illness。
141．句意：她现在仅仅能活动她的肩膀和脖子。此处应填动词，根据“At eight, she could not move 90% of her body”可知，她是高位截瘫。只能移动她的肩膀和脖子。“can”能够，情态动词后接动词原形，move“活动，移动” 故填move。
142．句意：张小时候喜欢画画并在2015年开始学习绘画。此处应填动词的过去式。根据“Zhang took up ...and...2015.”可知，and连接两个并列的成分。started作并列谓语。前面分句讲到“从小就开始绘画”，故这里表示“在2015年开始学习画画”，结合备选词可知，started符合语境，由took可知，空处填started。故填started。
143．句意：尽管对她来说拿起画笔很困难，但是对绘画的热爱始终推动着她挑战她自己。此处应填转折连词。“it is hard for her to pick a paintbrush”和“her love for painting is always pushing her to challenge herself.”之间是转折的意思。“though”表示虽然，尽管。转折的意思。位于句首，首字母大写。故填Though。
144．句意：尽管我身体不好，为不想放弃活下去的机会。此处应填名词根据。“Even if I am in poor health, I don’t want to give up the … to live”及备选词可知，不想放弃活下去的机会，chance“机会”，故填chance。
145．句意：张想用她的作品去鼓励那些喜欢她的人，并且告诉他们永远不要放弃。此处应填名词。根据前文“She also has an online shop called Zhang Junli’s Paintings, where she sells her works.”可知，她想用她的作品鼓励像她一样的人。“works”表示作品，名词。故填works。
146．C 147．F 148．A 149．B 150．D
【导语】本文主要讲述了音乐家贝多芬的生平及其对音乐的热爱和贡献。
146．句意：他的父亲是一位歌手，且他对贝多芬很严格。根据“he was strict”和“Beethoven”可知，贝多芬的爸爸对他很严格。be strict with sb“对某人严格”。故选C。
147．句意：他在17岁的时候就得到了当时伟大的音乐家莫扎特的高度赞扬。根据“the age of 17”可知，此处指在17岁时。at the age of“在……岁”。故选F。
148．句意：在那时，要过上幸福的生活是很困难的。此处泛指幸福的生活，life是可数名词，且happy是以辅音音素开头的单词，空处填a。故选A。
149．句意：有一天，他发现他听不清楚了。空处位于couldn’t后，填动词原形。hear“听”，动词。故选B。
150．句意：1827年，留下了300多首作品，这位伟大的音乐家离开了世界，但人们今天仍记得他的名字和音乐。根据“the great musician left the world”和“people remember his name and music today”可知，前后表示转折关系，虽然离开了这个世界，但仍有人记得他。填表示转折关系的连词but“但是”。故选D。
151．space 152．to be 153．desert 154．heavy 155．hot 156．see 157．loves 158．Chinese 159．when 160．then 161．woman
【导语】本文主要讲述了中国女航天员王亚平的故事。
151．句意：2013 年，她成为第二位前往太空的中国女性。根据“Wang Yaping is an astronaut. In 2013, she became the second Chinese woman to travel to...”以及常识可知，宇航员是前往太空，应用名词space。故填space。
152．句意：王为了成为一名宇航员刻苦训练了很多年。根据“Wang trained very hard for many years...an astronaut.”可知，训练的目的是成为一名宇航员，be表示“成为”，此处用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to be。
153．句意：最艰难的部分是沙漠训练。根据后文“she walked several kilometers through the...and sandy desert.”可知，这里说的是训练的环境是沙漠，应用名词desert，故填desert。
154．句意：穿着宇航服，携带特殊的重型装备，她在炎热且多沙的沙漠中走了几公里。根据“Wearing a spacesuit and carrying special...equipment (装备)”结合备选词可知，指的是重型装备，应用形容词heavy，故填heavy。
155．句意：穿着宇航服，携带特殊的重型装备，她在炎热且多沙的沙漠中走了几公里。根据“and sandy desert”以及常识可知，沙漠的特点是炎热，需要用形容词hot作定语。故填hot。
156．句意：她说：“有时候风很大且布满灰尘，以至于即使我们相距只有几米远，我们也看不见彼此。” 根据“Sometimes it was so windy and dusty (布满灰尘的),”和“that we couldn’t...each other even though we were just a few meters away.”可知，因为风大布满灰尘，所以即使距离近也看不见对方，see“看见，情态动词couldn’t后接动词原形，故填see。
157．句意：王热爱她的工作。根据后文她回忆看第一位宇航员进入太空的事情以及她的想法可知她热爱自己的工作，love“热爱”，句子是一般现在时，主语Wang是第三人称单数，所以love用第三人称单数形式loves，故填loves。
158．句意：她记得观看第一位中国宇航员进入太空。根据前文提到王是中国宇航员以及“I was so proud and also very excited.”可知，她看的是中国宇航员进入太空而感到骄傲激动，Chinese“中国的”，符合语境，故填Chinese。
159．句意：但是当我观看的时候，一个想法出现在我的脑海里：我们有男飞行员和女飞行员；并且有一名男宇航员。根据“a thought came into my mind”以及“I watched it”可知，是在观看的时候有了想法，应用when引导时间状语从句，故填when。
160．句意：但是当我观看的时候，一个想法出现在我的脑海里：我们有男飞行员和女飞行员；并且然后有一名男宇航员。根据“We have men pilots (飞行员) and women pilots; and...a man astronaut.”可知，这里表示一种时间上的先后顺序，先有男女飞行员，然后有男宇航员，then“然后”，符合语境，故填then。
161．句意：什么时候会有一名女宇航员呢？根据前文提到有男宇航员，结合“And today, it’s me becoming one of the first few.”可知，她当时在想什么时候会有女宇航员，a woman astronaut表示一名女宇航员，故填woman。
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2024-2025学年八年级英语下册期中复习专项牛津上海版（试用本）
（期中培优）专题06 选词填空20篇
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
将下列单词的字母编号填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次。
A．rubbish B．harmful C． problem D．protect E. serious F. from G. chemicals
Water pollution affects all the water bodies of the world such as lakes, rivers, the sea and groundwater. Water pollution is 1 to people, plants, fish and birds.
Pollution of drinking water is a 2 for half of the world’s population. Among the 250 million people who get sick because of water pollution, 5 to 10 million of them die.
As water pollution is getting more and more 3 , nobody on the Earth should still relax and do nothing about it.
Some of us are used to pouring sewage and harmful chemicals into rivers and lakes, and others throw 4 into them. So, many rivers, lakes and seas have become the home of cans, bottles, glass and plastics. It’s time for us to stop doing that.
We should also try not to use 5 . If necessary, use as few as possible. At the same time, we should try to use other ways to kill weeds and bugs. For example, we can pull weeds by hand.
Pet waste pollutes our water, too. So we need to put pet waste in the garbage bag.
Technology can be used to prevent water pollution. Building sewage treatment plants is a good way of returning water to a river without causing pollution.
We can protect our valuable water in only one way: preventing the harmful chemicals 6 entering our water!
将下列单词或短语前的字母填入空格，每个单词或短语只能填一次。
A．energy B．often C． choices D．question E. main F. control
Air pollution is a big problem for people all over the world. It is most 7 caused by burning things like petroleum (石油), coal, and natural gas. Air pollution can cause health problems, such as asthma (哮喘), headaches and so on. And it is the second-largest cause of climate change after carbon dioxide. But how can we 8 air pollution
Planting more trees is one of the answers to this 9 . The practice (做法) provides a lot of benefits (好处) to the environment and helps with the release of oxygen.
Reduce the number of trips we take in a car or motorcycle. Using public transport is a sure short way of reducing air pollution as it uses less gas and 10 .
Turn off the lights when they are not in use.
Please remember that when using our heater or air conditioner, cleaning our windows or even brushing our teeth, we make 11 that can reduce or increase air pollution.
请认真阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的单词或短语，在答题卷标有题号的横线上，填入其正确形式。每个单词或短语仅用一次。
especial pollute or right away break down
Thanks to plastic, life is more convenient (便利的). However, plastic is also hurting our lives. It is 12 the environment and killing humans and animals. And it takes hundreds of years for plastic 13 . What’s worse, most people haven’t realized the importance of using less plastic. People are still making, using and throwing away more plastic every day. Around nine million tons of plastic waste enters the seas every year. The amount (数量) on land and at sea continues to grow. So we need to take action 14 .
We must cut our use of plastic, 15 single-use plastic. We must also recycle more, 16 we might not have a life or a world left.
根据语篇内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词，并用其正确形式填空。将单词填写在答题卡对应的横线上。每个单词只能用一次。
simple separate more we turning recycle reuse tooth important difference
Our environment is changing for the worse, so it is time for 17 to go green. Here are some 18 steps to take.
We can save water by taking shorter showers and 19 off the tap when we brush our 20 . We should also 21 water if possible. In order to save power, we should turn off the lights when we leave a room.
Some other good habits can help reduce pollution too. We should take our own bags when shopping. 22 is also a good way to help reduce pollution. We should 23 waste into different groups so that it can be recycled.
Moreover, it is 24 for people to develop a green lifestyle. We should do 25 exercise and watch less TV. Follow these small steps, and you can make a big 26 to the Earth!
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。并将答案填写在答题卡相应的位置上。
get activity badly nothing that communicate they show different control
These days there are many students experiencing difficulties. Some students feel nervous because they have to get good grades. Others have trouble 27 on with people like their parents and classmates.
Liu, a Grade Two student from Wuhan, could not understand his teacher in class and did 28 in his lessons than before. He was so worried 29 he couldn’t sleep at night. Another student, 14-year-old Yan from Guangzhou, was afraid of exams and could think of 30 to write when she looked at the exam papers.
A recent research has 31 about 16% of teenagers have mental (心理的) problems. Their troubles include being worried and very unhappy, and have 32 difficulties with others. Some students worry that asking for help could make them seem 33 . Others don’t want to talk about their troubles. Instead, they keep them to 34 .
Liang Yuezhu, an expert on teenagers from Beijing Anding Hospital, has some advice for teenagers.
·Talk to your parents, teachers or the others you believe often.
·Take part in group 35 and play sports.
·Watch comedies in the cinema.
·Go to see a doctor if you are often unable to 36 your worries or stress.
These ways can help students deal with the challenges they may face.
Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box.
A．medical B．addresses C． difficult D．facing E. burning
In Kansas City, Missouri, a computer helps fire-fighters. The computer keeps information about every one of the 350,000 street 37 in the city. When fire-fighters answer a call, the computer will give them important information about the 38 building: its position, size and so on. In fact, the computer system has a lot of ways of helping fire-fighters with the problems 39 them. For instance, it can give 40 information about people living in a burning building.
A．themselves B．care C． relax D．record E.cure
With this information, the fire fighters can take special 41 to find these sick persons and save them.
The Kansas City computer system also keeps a medical 42 of each of the city’s 900 fire fighters. This kind of information is especially useful when a fireman is injured. With such information, doctors at the hospital can 43 the injured fire-fighters more quickly and easily.
The fire-fighters 44 need the computer’s help. They know about possible dangers and prepare for them. Many times the computer information helps to save lives and property. Sometimes the lives are those of fire-fighters themselves!
将下列单词填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次。
patient, comfort, chemist, obey, value, treat, freeze, relax
45．The soldier must get punishment for orders.
46．It’s interesting for kids to go skating on the lake in weather.
47．The little boy’s made his mum really angry.
48．Nothing is than life.
49．They need more rest and after a day of hard work.
50．We often know about important symbols during lessons.
51．His of the pet was so cruel that we couldn’t bear it.
52．How we lived in the camp without electricity and tap water!
从方框中选择恰当的词或短语并用其正确的形式填空 (每个词或短语只能用一次)。
north; click on; dream of; teach oneself; keep in touch; relax; hand in; hear of; the opposite of; all one’s life
53．I’m sorry my answer is yours.
54．Aunt Li lived and worked in Suzhou .
55．I have never travelling around the world in eight hours.
56．— you Zhong Nanshan
—Of course! He is our great hero.
57．In the part of China, it is always cold in winter.
58．Peter, the “Tour” icon, and you can start your online tour.
59． with friends is important to your friendship.
60．So far, only one student the homework.
61．Chengxi Park is a good place after a hard day’s work.
62．—Where is Daniel
—He French in his study now.
请根据句意从方框中选择合适的动词，并用其适当时态填空，使句子通顺。
last know obey study make
63．As a role model, Jenny always what her parents ask her to do and not to do.
64．The car crashed into the tree as Robin a phone call. How terrible!
65．—You look worried. What’s the matter
—Everyone except me the result of yesterday’s job interview.
66．I’m watching a football match now. It started at 7:30 p.m. and for another hour.
67．—Your French is so good. Have you ever been to France
—Yes. I in Paris for two years and I came back last year.
用方框内所给单词的适当形式完成短文。
quick，pupil，face，until，bad，child，hand，run，go，stop
It was a fine day in autumn. Some girls and boys were out with their teacher. They 68 to a museum. On their way to cross a bridge, they suddenly（突然地）heard a loud shout behind them. The teacher told her students 69 . Then she turned and listened. When she heard the cry “Mad dog!” she knew what was happening. Before she could do anything, she saw a dog 70 to them. “ 71 ,” said the teacher, “keep close to each other. Don’t move or cry.” Then she stood before the children so that the dog would meet her first. The animal came 72 .
At this moment the teacher saw a man. He ran up with a gun（枪）in his 73 . “The children must be kept safe 74 the man comes,” thought the lady. The teacher ran to the dog, 75 it bravely. The mad dog snapped（猛咬）at her and she fell down. The man came and killed the animal. The dog had bitten her so 76 that the brave lady died soon after the doctors arrived. She lost her life for her 77 . When people heard of this, they said, “The brave lady will always be remembered among us!”
根据短文内容，用方框中的单词或其恰当的形式填空。（每词只用一次）
if, well, still, couldn’t, die, wrong, either, that, feel, most
Swimming is very popular in summer. People like swimming in summer because water makes them 78 cool. If you like swimming. You’d better not swim in a 79 place. It may not be safe. In the past many people in the world 80 . While they were enjoying themselves in the water, and 81 of them were students. But some people are 82 not careful in swimming. They often think they swim so 83 that nothing can happen to them in water.
Summer is here again. If you go swimming in summer, don’t forget 84 better swimmers have died in water. They died because they were not careful, not because they 85 swim. So don’t get into water when you are alone. 86 there is a “No swimming” sign, don’t get into water, 87 If you remember these, swimming will be safer.
阅读下面短文，从框内6个选项中选出能分别填入5个小题空白处的最佳选项。
A．after B．when C． for D．moment E. kinds F. telling
Many students meet many 88 of danger in summer vacations. So it’s important 89 all of us to know how to keep safe.
We should follow the traffic rules whenever we cross the road. Never use the phones at the 90 . Also, we can go swimming in a swimming pool only 91 our parents go with us. We mustn’t go to a river to swim! What’s more, we shouldn’t go out with friends without 92 our parents about it.
In short, if we are in danger, remember to ask our parents or teachers for help.
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。请将答案写在下面题号后的横线上。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
on you use care close until space drink suggestion cost
Many things can cause driving accidents. Here are some 93 . These suggestions can help you to cut down the number of traffic accidents while you are driving. You should always remember that safety is the most important.
Firstly, keep your eyes 94 road conditions all the time. When you are driving a car, you should always be 95 . You should pay attention to people and vehicles on the road.
Secondly, keep as much 96 as you can between your car and the other cars. When your car stays too 97 to the others, accidents might happen.
Thirdly, never 98 your mobile phone while driving. There is no good reason to use 99 mobile phone while you are driving. If you really need to make a call, wait 100 you park your car at a safe place.
Finally, never drive after 101 . If you do that and traffic police find that, you will get a fine (罚金). If you have to drink, you can ask for a designated driver (代驾).You can also take a taxi or a bus. It just 102 you a little money.
阅读下列短文，从方框中选出恰当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、完整。
obey, they, side, clear, in, child, a, middle, safe, however
People make traffic rules to keep order on the road. 103 , every year thousands of people died or got hurt on the road 104 China. Please remember: keep to the right side on the road.
There are rules to make the road 105 , but people don’t always obey the rules. Some of 106 are careless. If everybody 107 the rules, the road will be much safer.
While you’re riding a bike, don’t ride in the 108 of the road. When you ride a bike with 109 friend, don’t look around or talk. If you drive, you should slow down at the traffic lights. You must always wear a seat belt (安全带), stop to look at both 110 . Don’t run across the road. If the road is 111 , it’s safe to cross the road. We must tell 112 not to play on the road.
In a word, it’s very necessary for everyone to obey the traffic rules.
将下列单词或短语前的字母填入空格。每个单词或短语只能填一次。
A．change; B．planes; C． form; D．surprised; E. is connected to; F. use; G. when
Energy makes the world go round. Energy lights our cities. Energy powers our vehicles (交通工具), trains, 113 and rockets. Energy warms our homes, cooks our food, plays our music, gives us pictures on television. Energy powers machines in factories and tractors on a farm. Without it, we’d be without key forms of technology and transportation.
Energy from the sun gives us light during the day. It dries our clothes 114 they’re hanging outside on a clothes line. It helps plants grow.
Everything we do 115 energy in one form or another.
When we eat, our bodies change the energy stored in the food into energy to do work. When we run or walk, we “burn” food energy in our bodies. When we think or read or write, we are also doing work. Many times it’s really hard work!
Cars, planes, light bulbs, boats and machines also 116 energy into work. Work means moving something, lifting something, warming something, lighting something. All these are a few of the various types of work.
Electricity is a 117 of energy used in our lives every day. Here’s something you can do to see the importance of electricity. Take a walk through your school, house or apartment and write down all the different appliances and machines that use electricity. You’ll be 118 at how many things we use each and every day that depend on electricity.
根据语篇内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词，并用其正确形式填空。将单词填写在答题卡对应的横线上。每个单词只能用一次。
keeps if as another you take dream spaceship ready improve
Some students often find it hard to learn English. A story of Chinese astronaut Deng Qingming might be helpful.
Deng was chosen 119 an astronaut trainee (练习生) in 1998. Since that day, it has 120 him almost all of his time to train hard to become an astronaut. Over the years, Deng saw lots of trainees going to space one after 121 . However, he was always only a trainee. He often felt sad. Sometimes, he even cried.
But Deng never gave up. He is now in his fifties, but he still 122 training. “I must be 123 whenever the chance comes to me,” he once said. Finally, on the night of November 29, 2022, his 124 came true. He and two other astronauts flew into space by one of the Shenzhou 125 —Shenzhou 15. Deng waited twenty-four years for this moment.
So, 126 you want to give up learning English (or something else), think about Deng’s story. Be patient, please. Try to 127 your skills and keep going. One day, success will knock at 128 door. Make sure you are prepared when the time comes.
阅读短文，用方框中所给词或短语填空，使文章通顺、连贯、合理。（每空只能填一个单词或一个短语，每个单词或短语限用一次）
beating, instead, character, fights with, leader, appears, as, magic, quickly, special
Nezha is a famous 129 from Chinese fairy tales. He is known 130 a brave and magical boy who fights the bad people and helps others.
Nezha was born a long time ago during the Shang Dynasty in a place called Chentang Pass. His father was a 131 in the army. Nezha was not born like all the other children. 132 , he came out of a meat ball as a young boy, but not as a baby. This magical start of the story makes Nezha a 133 character.
Of all the experiences that he 134 bad people. The most well-known story that people like is about 135 a sea dragon to save his family and his town. To win this fight, Nezha used his 136 and smart thinking.
To fight bad people, Nezha rides on the wind fire wheels, which let him move very 137 . He also has a strong weapon called “the Fire-tipped Spear” (火尖枪). With these tools, Nezha is seen as a hero who stands up for what is right.
Today, Nezha is still loved and 138 in movies, cartoons, and festivals. He is a beloved (深受喜爱的) hero in Chinese culture, known for his bravery and protection.
阅读下面短文, 从方框中选择适当的词语填空。方框中有两个词语为多余选项。
chance, dream, Though, illness, move, painters, started, When, works
Zhang Junli, an amazing woman, is from Taiyuan, Shanxi Province. She has overcome (克服) life’s greatest difficulties to become one of the most famous 139 in China. She has been paralyzed (瘫痪的) for over 30 years. When she was six, Zhang had a serious 140 . At eight, she could not move 90% of her body. She can only 141 her shoulders (肩膀) and neck a little now.
However, being paralyzed never stopped her from trying to follow her dreams. Zhang took up drawing at a young age and 142 learning painting in 2015. 143 it is hard for her to pick a paintbrush, her love for painting is always pushing her to challenge herself.
“Painting has changed me. The first time I picked up a brush, I felt that I liked to draw,” says Zhang. “The world is so beautiful. Even if I am in poor health, I don’t want to give up the 144 to live.” Now Zhang has created thousands of pencil sketches (素描). She also has an online shop called Zhang Junli’s Paintings, where she sells her works.
Zhang wants to use her 145 to encourage those who are like her, and to tell them never give up. “Instead of crying and worrying all day, find your meaning in life. Live in the present,” says Zhang, a true inspiration.
阅读下面短文，从短文前的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。有一个为多余选项。
A．a B．hear C． with D．but E. about F. at
Do you like music Do you know about Beethoven, a great musician in the world
He was born in Germany. His father was a singer and he was strict 146 Beethoven. When Beethoven was only four, his father asked him to learn different musical instruments. Beethoven loved music and he learned very fast. He got high praise from Mozart, the great musician at that time, 147 the age of 17.
At that time, it was difficult to have 148 happy life. Beethoven was hard-working, but it wasn’t easy to make much money. One day, he found he couldn’t 149 clearly. But he still went on working and writing music pieces, and some of his best pieces came out after he lost his hearing. In 1827, leaving more than 300 pieces, the great musician left the world, 150 people remember his name and music today.
desert; space; heavy; to be; when; woman; Chinese; loves; hot; see; then
Wang Yaping is an astronaut. In 2013, she became the second Chinese woman to travel to 151 . She is also famous for a physics class televised for more than 60 million people.
Wang trained very hard for many years 152 an astronaut. The hardest part was 153 training. Wearing a spacesuit and carrying special 154 equipment (装备), she walked several kilometers through the 155 and sandy desert. “Sometimes it was so windy and dusty (布满灰尘的),” she says, “that we couldn’t 156 each other even though we were just a few meters away.”
Wang 157 her job. She remembers watching the first 158 astronaut (宇航员) go into space. “I was so proud and also very excited. But 159 I watched it, a thought came into my mind: We have men pilots (飞行员) and women pilots; and 160 a man astronaut. When will there be a 161 astronaut And today, it’s me becoming one of the first few.”
中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
参考答案及试题解析
1．B 2．C 3．E 4．A 5．G 6．F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了水污染的危害以及防治。
1．句意：水污染对人类、植物、鱼类和鸟类都有害。根据句意可知，be harmful to“对……有害”，固定短语，此处指水污染对人类、植物、鱼类和鸟类都有害。故选B。
2．句意：饮用水污染是世界一半人口面临的问题。根据“Among the 250 million people who get sick because of water pollution, 5 to 10 million of them die.”可知，在因水污染而生病的2.5亿人中，其中有500万到1000万人死亡，所以，饮用水污染是世界一半人口面临的问题。故选C。
3．句意：随着水污染变得越来越严重，地球上没有人应该对此无动于衷。根据前文“is getting more and more”后面应该跟形容词，结合方框的词可知，此处表达“水污染越来越严重”，more and more serious“越来越严重”。故选E。
4．句意：我们中的一些人习惯于将污水和有害化学物质倒入河流和湖泊中，而另一些人则将垃圾扔进其中。根据前面“throw”后面应该跟名词作宾语，结合方框的词可知，此处表达“扔垃圾”throw rubbish。故选A。
5．句意：我们也应该尽力不使用化学物质。根据前文“use”后面应该跟名词，结合方框里的词可知，此处表达的是“不使用化学物质”，所以，“chemicals化学物质”符合题意。故选G。
6．句意：我们只能用一种办法来保护我们珍贵的水资源：阻止有害的化学物质进入我们的水中！根据题意可知，prevent… from…“防止……做某事……”，固定短语。故选F。
7．B 8．F 9．D 10．A 11．C
【导语】本文主要介绍如何控制空气污染。
7．句意：它经常是由燃烧石油、煤和天然气等引起的。根据“Air pollution is a big problem for people all over the world. It is most...caused by burning things like petroleum (石油), coal, and natural gas.”和备选词可知，空气污染经常是由燃烧石油、煤和天然气等引起的，often“经常”符合语境，故选B。
8．句意：但是我们怎样才能控制空气污染呢？根据“But how can we...air pollution ”和后文可知，是如何控制空气污染，control“控制”符合语境，故选F。
9．句意：种更多的树是这个问题的答案之一。根据“Planting more trees is one of the answers to this...”和备选词可知，种更多的树是这个问题的答案之一，question“问题”符合语境，故选D。
10．句意：使用公共交通无疑是减少空气污染的捷径，因为它使用较少的天然气和能源。根据“Using public transport is a sure short way of reducing air pollution as it uses less gas and...”和备选词可知，使用公共交通用较少的天然气和能源，energy“能源”符合语境，故选A。
11．句意：请记住，当我们使用暖气或空调，清洁窗户甚至刷牙时，我们做出的选择可以减少或增加空气污染。根据“Please remember that when using our heater or air conditioner, cleaning our windows or even brushing our teeth, we make...that can reduce or increase air pollution.”和备选词可知，我们做出的选择可以减少或增加空气污染，choices“选择”符合语境，故选C。
12．polluting 13．to break down 14．right away 15．especially 16．or
【导语】本文主要介绍了塑料的坏处，呼吁大家减少使用塑料。
12．句意：它正在污染环境，杀害人类和动物。根据“It is...the environment and killing humans and animals.”可知此处表示“正在污染环境”，根据is可知本句是现在进行时，其结构为am/is/are+动词的现在分词，pollute的现在分词为polluting。故填polluting。
13．句意：塑料需要数百年才能分解。根据“And it takes hundreds of years for plastic...”及备选单词可知此处表示“分解”break down，由“it takes hundreds of years for”可知考查“it takes+时间+for sb/sth to do sth”做某事花费某人/某物多长时间。故填to break down。
14．句意：因此，我们需要立即采取行动。根据“So we need to take action”及备选单词可知此处表示“立刻，马上”right away，固定短语。故填right away。
15．句意：我们必须减少塑料的使用，尤其是一次性塑料。根据“We must cut our use of plastic...single-use plastic.”及备选单词可知此处表示“尤其，特别”，especially意为“尤其，特别”，强调我们必须减少塑料的使用。故填especially。
16．句意：我们也必须更多地回收利用，否则我们可能会失去生命或世界。根据“We must also recycle more...we might not have a life or a world left.”可知前半句是正确的做法，后半句是不这样做导致的不良后果，转折关系，用or。故填or。
17．us 18．simple 19．turning 20．teeth 21．reuse 22．Recycling 23．separate 24．important 25．more 26．difference
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了保护环境、减少污染的一些做法。
17．句意：我们的环境正变得糟糕，所以该是我们行动起来保护环境的时候了。分析句子可知，it’s time for sb. to do sth.“是某人做某事的时候了”；根据前面“Our environment”和备选词汇可知这里用“we”的宾格us。故填us。
18．句意：这是一些可以采取的简单措施。横线后名词，前面需要用形容词修饰；结合下文介绍的都是一些生活中的小事，所以这里指简单的步骤，simple“简单的”符合语境。故填simple。
19．句意：我们可以通过缩短淋浴时间和在刷牙时关闭水龙头来节约水。结合语境和空后“off”以及备选词汇可知，这里用动词turn，构成短语turn off“关闭”；空前有介词“by”，此处用动名词形式turning。故填turning。
20．句意：我们可以通过缩短淋浴时间和在刷牙时关闭水龙头来节约水。结合语境和常识以及备选词汇可知，人们在刷牙时可以关闭水龙头来节水，所以这里用可数名词“tooth”的复数形式teeth。故填teeth。
21．句意：如果有可能的话，我们也应该重复利用水。根据前一句“We can save water by taking shorter showers and ... off the tap when we brush our ...”和备选词汇可知，除了节约用水外，人们还可以重复利用水，所以这里用动词“use”的相关动词reuse“重复使用”；空前有情态动词should，因此用原形reuse。故填reuse。
22．句意：循环使用也是一种帮助减少污染的好方法。结合语境和后一句“We should...waste into different groups so that it can be recycled.”以及备选词汇可知，垃圾分类以便循环利用，可推断出循环利用也是环保的方式之一，所以这里用recycle“循环使用”；在句中作主语，因此用recycle的动名词形式，句首首字母大写。故填Recycling。
23．句意：我们应该把垃圾分成不同的类别以便能够回收利用。结合语境和空后“into”以及备选词汇可知，垃圾分类是为了循环利用，所以这里用动词separate“分开”，构成短语separate…into“把……分成”；空前有“should”，因此separate用原形。故填separate。
24．句意：此外，人们养成绿色生活方式很重要。分析句子可知，本句用it’s+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.“对某人来说做某事是……”的结构，这里填形容词；结合语境和备选词汇可推断出为了保护环境，人们形成低碳环保的生活方式也很重要，形容词important“重要的”，符合语境。故填important。
25．句意：我们应该多做运动，少看电视。分析句子和空后“less TV”可知这里也用比较级，结合语境和备选词汇可推断出多运动也是绿色生活方式之一，所以这里用many“许多”的比较级形式more，修饰“exercise”。故填more。
26．句意：遵循这些小措施，你就能给地球带来大的改变！分析句子可知这里应填名词；结合语境和备选词汇可推断出每个人都能对环保产生大的影响，所以用different“不同的”的名词形式，构成短语make a difference to“对……产生影响”。故填difference。
27．getting 28．worse 29．that 30．nothing 31．shown 32．communication 33．different 34．themselves 35．activities 36．control
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。讲述了青少年可能会有心理问题。一些人变得担心，因为他们必须努力学习。另一些人很难与他们的父母和同学相处融洽。专家给出了一些建议，多沟通，多参加集体活动等。
27．句意：另一些人很难与他们的父母和同学相处融洽。结合句意和固定搭配“get on with”和某人相处，可知“get得到”符合语境，根据“have trouble doing sth”结构，故填getting。
28．句意：武汉二年级的刘同学在课堂上不理解老师所讲授的内容，然后课上表现比之前更糟糕。结合句意和固定搭配“do badly in”在某方面做得糟糕，“badly糟糕地”符合语境，根据“...than before”，要用比较级，故填worse。
29．句意：他是如此地担心以至于晚上睡不着。结合句意和“so...that...”如此……以至于……，可知“that那个”符合语境，故填that。
30．句意：另一名来自广州的14岁的闫同学惧怕考试，当她看着考卷时要写的内容什么也想不出来。结合句意和备选词汇可知，此处应填名词或代词，“nothing没有东西”符合语境，故填nothing。
31．句意：一项最近的研究表明16%的青少年有心理问题。结合句意和备选词汇可知，应填一个能和主语“A recent research”搭配的动词，show表明”符合语境，又要与前面的“has”构成现在完成时，动词要变成过去分词，故填shown。
32．句意：他们的麻烦包括焦虑和不开心，并且和别人有沟通方面的问题。结合句意和备选词汇可知“communicate交流”符合语境，根据后面接的名词“difficulties”，所以需要变成名词作定语，故填communication。
33．句意：一些学生担心求助可能会使他们看起来另类。结合句意和备选词汇可知，“seem”后需要一个形容词，different“不同的”符合语境，故填different。
34．句意：相反，他们不与人交际。结合句意和备选词汇可知，应填表示人的代词，“they他们”符合语境，根据固定搭配“keep one to oneself”不与人交际，要变成反身代词，故填themselves。
35．句意：参加团体活动并且做运动。结合句意和备选词汇可知，此空需要填名词，“activity活动”符合语境，活动不只一项，所以要填可数名词的复数形式，故填activities。
36．句意：如果你不能控制你的焦虑和压力，去看医生。结合句意和备选词汇可知，后接名词，则需要一个动词，“control控制”符合语境，根据前面的“...are often unable to...”，要填动词原形，故填control。
37．B 38．E 39．D 40．A 41．B 42．D 43．E 44．A
【导语】本文介绍了在美国的堪萨斯州，计算机系统在消防员的工作中起到了重大作用。
37．句意：这台计算机保存着全市35万个街道地址中的每一个地址的信息。根据“350,000 street...”可知空处缺少名词复数形式。addresses“地址”符合语境。故选B。
38．句意：当消防队员接听电话时，电脑会向他们提供有关着火建筑物的重要信息。根据“When fire-fighters answer a call,”可知此处是指着火建筑物。burning“着火的”。故选E。
39．句意：事实上，计算机系统有很多方法可以帮助消防员解决他们面临的问题。根据“In fact, the computer system has a lot of ways of helping fire-fighters with the problems...them.”可知此处是指帮助消防员解决他们面临的问题。facing“面临”符合语境。故选D。
40．句意：例如，它可以提供居住在燃烧建筑物中的人们的医疗信息。根据“it can give...information about people living in a burning building.”可知此处是指人们医疗信息。medical“医疗的”符合语境。故选A。
41．句意：有了这些信息，消防队员可以特别注意找到这些病人并拯救他们。根据“to find these sick persons and save them.”可知是有了这些信息，消防员可以有目的的找到病人。take special care“特别注意”符合语境。故选B。
42．句意：堪萨斯城的计算机系统还保存着该市900名消防员的医疗记录。根据“keeps a medical...of each of the city’s 900 fire fighters.”可知此处是短语keep a record of“记录”。故选D。
43．句意：有了这些信息，医院的医生可以更快更容易地治愈受伤的消防员。根据“doctors at the hospital can...the injured fire-fighters more quickly and easily.”可知医生是治愈人的。cure“治愈”符合语境。故选E。
44．句意：消防队员自己也需要电脑的帮助。根据“The fire-fighters...need the computer’s help.”可知，反身代词themselves“他们自己”符合语境，表示消防员自己。故选A。
45．disobeying 46． frozen freezing 47．impatience 48．more valuable 49．relaxation 50． chemical chemistry 51．treatment 52．uncomfortably
【解析】45．句意：士兵不服从命令必须受到惩罚。根据所给词和“The soldier must get punishment for…orders.”可知是“不服从命令”，obey“服从，遵守”，disobey“不服从，违抗”符合题意。由介词for，可知空格处用动名词。故填disobeying。
46．句意：在寒冷的天气里，孩子们在结冰的湖面上滑冰很有趣。空格处修饰名词，应用形容词。根据“go skating on the…lake in…weather”和所给词可知是“在寒冷的天气里，在结冰的湖面上滑冰”。freeze“(使)结冰”，动词，其形容词frozen“结冰的，冻结的”和freezing“冰冷的，极冷的”，frozen是被动形容词，freezing主动形容词，所以第一个空格处用frozen，on the frozen lake“在结冰的湖面上”，第二个空格处用freezing， in freezing weather“在寒冷的天气里”。故填frozen；freezing。
47．句意：小男孩的不耐烦让他妈妈很生气。空格处作主语，结合名词所有格boy’s可知，空格处用名词。根据“The little boy’s…made his mum really angry.”和所给词可知，小男孩不耐烦，patient“有耐心的”，形容词，impatience“不耐烦，急躁，名词”符合题意。故填impatience。
48．句意：没有比生命更宝贵的东西。空格处作表语，用形容词，结合介词“than”可知，空格处用形容词比较级。根据“Nothing is…than life.”和常识可知，没有什么比生命更宝贵的，value“价值”，名词，形容词是valuable“宝贵的，贵重的”，比较级是more valuable。故填more valuable。
49．句意：经过一天的努力工作，他们需要更多的休息和放松。空格处作宾语，应用名词。根据“after a day of hard work”可知，需要放松，relax“放松”，动词，其名词是relaxation。故填relaxation。
50．句意：在化学课上，我们经常知道一些重要的化学符号。根据“We often know about important…symbols during…lessons.”和所给词可知是，“化学符号”和“化学课”。chemist“药剂师，化学家”，chemistry“化学”，名词，chemical“与化学有关的、化学的”，形容词。第一个空格处用形容词chemical作定语，chemical symbols意为“化学符号”，第二空格处用名词chemistry作定语，chemistry lessons“化学课”。故填chemical；chemistry。
51．句意：他对待宠物的方式太残忍了，我们无法忍受。空格处作主语，用名词。根据“His…of the pet was so cruel”可知是，他对待宠物，treat“对待”，动词，名词是treatment“对待，对待……方式”。故填treatment。
52．句意：我们在没有电和自来水的营地里生活得多么不舒服！空格处修饰整个句子，用副词。根据“we lived in the camp without electricity and tap water”可知，应填“不舒服”。comfort“安慰，抚慰”，动词或名词，uncomfortably “令人不安地，不舒服地，副词”符合题意。故填uncomfortably。
53．the opposite of 54．all her life 55．dreamed of 56． Have heard of 57．northern 58．click on 59．Keeping in touch 60．has handed in 61．to relax 62．is teaching himself
【解析】53．句意：对不起，我的答案与你的相反。根据“I’m sorry my answer is…yours.”以及备选词可知，此处指的是“我”感到很抱歉，因为“我”的答案和你的相反，应填短语the opposite of“与……相反”。故填the opposite of。
54．句意：李阿姨一生都在苏州生活和工作。根据“Aunt Li lived and worked in Suzhou…”以及备选词可知，此处指的是李阿姨一生都在苏州生活和工作，应用短语all one’s life“一生”，Aunt Li作主语，应用形容词性物主代词her“她的”。故填all her life。
55．句意：我从未梦想过在八小时内环游世界。根据“I have never…travelling around the world in eight hours.”以及备选词可知，此处指的是“我”从未梦想过在八小时内环游世界，应用动词短语dream of“梦想”，句子时态为现在完成时，其结构为“have/has+过去分词”，动词dream的过去分词为dreamed。故填dreamed of。
56．句意：——你听说过钟南山吗？——当然！他是我们的大英雄。根据答语“Of course! He is our great hero.”以及备选词可知，此处应询问是否听说过钟南山，表示过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响，句子应用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has+过去分词”；hear of“听说”，动词短语，动词hear的过去分词为heard；且句首首字母要大写。故填Have；heard of。
57．句意：在中国的北方，冬天总是很冷。根据“In the…part of China, it is always cold in winter.”以及备选词可知，此处指的是中国北方的冬天总是很冷，应用名词north“北方”，north的形容词为northern“北部的”，空处应填形容词northern作定语来修饰名词part。故填northern。
58．句意：彼得，点击“旅游”图标，你就可以开始网上旅游了。根据“…the ‘Tour’ icon, and you can start your online tour”以及备选词可知，此处指的是点击“旅游”图标，就可以开始网上旅游了，此句为祈使句，应填动词短语click on“点击”。故填click on。
59．句意：和朋友保持联系对你们的友谊很重要。根据“…with friends is important to your friendship.”以及备选词可知，此处指的是和朋友保持联系对你们的友谊很重要，应用动词短语keep in touch“保持联络”，此处为动名词作主语，且句首首字母要大写。故填Keeping in touch。
60．句意：到目前为止，只有一个学生交了作业。根据“So far, only one student…the homework.”以及备选词可知，此处指的是到目前为止，只有一个学生交了作业，应用动词短语hand in“上交”；句子时态为现在完成时，其结构为“have/has+过去分词”，动词hand的过去分词为handed，only one student作主语，空处应填has handed in。故填has handed in。
61．句意：一天辛苦工作后，城西公园是一个放松的好地方。根据“Chengxi Park is a good place…after a hard day’s work.”以及备选词可知，此处指的是城西公园是一个放松的好地方，应用动词relax“放松”，此处应用动词不定式作定语。故填to relax。
62．句意：——丹尼尔在哪里？——他现在正在书房里自学法语。根据“He…French in his study now.”以及备选词可知，此处指的是他现在正在书房里自学法语，应用动词短语teach oneself“自学”；句子时态为现在进行时，其结构为“be+doing”，He作主语，be动词应用is，反身代词himself“他自己”。故填is teaching himself。
63．obeys 64．was making 65．knows 66．will last 67．studied
【解析】63．句意：作为一个榜样，珍妮总是遵循她父母要求她做和不做的事情。根据句子可知，空处缺少一个动词，备选单词obey符合语境，主语Jenny为第三人称单数，空处应填obey的第三人称单数形式obeys“遵守”。故填obeys。
64．句意：当罗宾正在打电话时，汽车撞到了树上。太可怕了！根据“…a phone call.”可知，此处是一个常用英文表达make a phone call“打电话”；根据语境可知，汽车撞倒了树上这件事发生在过去，罗宾当时应是正在打电话，从句应使用过去进行时，空处应填make的过去进行时was making。故填was making。
65．句意：——你看起来很担心。怎么了？ ——除了我，每个人都知道昨天的求职面试结果。 根据句子可知，空处缺少一个动词，备选单词know符合语境，句子时态应为一般现在时，主语为everyone，空处应填know的第三人称单数形式knows“知道”。故填knows。
66．句意：我现在正在看一场足球比赛。比赛于晚上7:30开始，还将会继续一个小时。 根据句子可知，空处缺少一个动词，备选单词last符合语境，比赛应是将会持续一个小时，句子时态应为一般将来时，空处应填will last“将持续”。故填will last。
67．句意：——你的法语说得很好。你去过法国吗？——是的。我在巴黎学习了两年，去年回来了。根据“Yes. I…in Paris for two years and I came back last year.”可知，此处指的是曾经在巴黎学习了两年，句子应使用一般过去时，空处应填study的过去式形式studied“学习”。故填studied。
68．were going 69．to stop 70．running 71．Children 72．quickly 73．hand 74．until 75．facing 76．badly 77．pupils
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了在老师和同学们的一次郊游途中，老师为了保护孩子们不受到狗的伤害英勇牺牲的故事。
68．句意：他们打算去一个博物馆。根据下文“On their way to cross a bridge”可知，老师和孩子们在去博物馆的路上。be going to“打算去……”。由于故事发生在过去，所以用were going to。故填were going。
69．句意：老师告诉她的学生们停下来。根据“ they suddenly（突然地）heard a loud shout behind them”可知，老师应该是告诉孩子们停下来。tell sb to do sth“告诉某人做某事”。故填to stop。
70．句意：她还没来得及做任何事情，她看见一只狗跑向他们。根据下文“keep close to each other. Don’t move or cry”可知，狗跑向了他们。see sb doing sth“看见某人正在做某事”。故填running。
71．句意：“孩子们”，老师说，“彼此紧紧挨在一起。不要移动，不要哭”。此句没有主语。根据故事前文“she saw a dog running to them”可知，此句话是老师告诉孩子们的。故填Children。
72．句意：这个动物迅速地过来了。根据“she saw a dog running to them”可知，狗的速度一定很快。副词quickly修饰动词came。故填quickly。
73．句意：他手里拿着枪跑过来。根据“ He ran up with a gun（枪）in his ”可知，手里拿着枪。故填hand。
74．句意：在那名男子过来之前，孩子们必须是安全的。因为前文提到“He ran up with a gun（枪）in his hand”，所以，在男人来到孩子身边前，她必须保证孩子们的安全。故填until。
75．句意：老师跑向这条狗，勇敢的面对着它。根据“The teacher ran to the dog”可知，老师是勇敢的面对这条狗。因为后半句主语与前半句主语一致，后半句省略了主语，所以用现在分词形式作伴随状语。故填facing。
76．句意：狗咬得她很厉害，以致于这个勇敢的老师在医生赶到后不久就去世了。根据“the brave lady died soon after the doctors arrived”可知，老师伤的很严重。由于此空修饰bitten，所以此空应该是副词。故填badly。
77．句意：她为她的学生们牺牲了自己。文中提到“ She lost her life for her”意思是“她为了她的……丢了生命”，根据前文故事情节可知，老师是为了保护学生们才丢掉了生命，所以此处应该用名词复数形式。故填pupils。
78．feel 79．wrong 80．died 81．most 82．still 83．well 84．that 85．couldn’t 86．If 87．either
【导语】本文主要讲了夏天游泳要注意安全。
78．句意：人们喜欢在夏天游泳，因为水让他们感觉凉爽。根据“People like swimming in summer because water makes them...”可知，水使人们有凉爽的感觉。make sb. do sth.表示“使某人做某事”，备选词feel“感觉”符合语境。故填feel。
79．句意：如果你喜欢游泳，你最好不要在错误的地方游泳。根据“It may not be safe.”可知，不安全的地方应该是错误的地方。备选词wrong表示“错误的”，符合语境。故填wrong。
80．句意：在过去，世界上很多人溺水身亡。根据“While they were enjoying themselves in the water”以及后文提到有人在水中出事，可知此处指很多人溺水死亡。备选词die“死亡”符合语境，根据“In the past”可知，用一般过去时，die的过去式是died。故填died。
81．句意：他们中的大多数是学生。根据“many people in the world”以及“of them were students”可知，此处表示这些溺水身亡的人中大多数是学生。备选词most表示“大多数”，符合语境，most of...表示“……中的大多数”。故填most。
82．句意：但是一些人在游泳时仍然不小心。根据“They often think they swim so...that nothing can happen to them in water.”可知，尽管有危险，一些人还是不小心。备选词still表示“仍然”，符合语境。故填still。
83．句意：他们常常认为他们游泳游得如此好以至于在水里不会发生任何事情。根据“nothing can happen to them in water”可知，他们觉得自己游泳水平高所以不会出事。备选词well“好地”符合语境，修饰动词“swim”。故填well。
84．句意：如果你在夏天去游泳，不要忘记更好的游泳者已经在水中丧生。“forget”后接宾语从句，从句中不缺少成分，用“that”引导宾语从句，无实际意义。故填that。
85．句意：他们死亡是因为他们不小心，而不是因为他们不会游泳。根据“They died because they were not careful”可知，不是因为他们不会游泳才死亡。备选词couldn’t表示“不能，不会”，符合语境。故填couldn’t。
86．句意：如果有“禁止游泳”的标志，也不要进入水中。根据“don’t get into water”以及“there is a ‘No swimming’ sign”可知，此处是假设如果有标志就不要下水。备选词if表示“如果”，引导条件状语从句，符合语境，句首字母大写。故填If。
87．句意：如果有“禁止游泳”的标志，也不要进入水中。根据“don’t get into water”可知，此处表示否定的“也”。备选词either 用于否定句中，表示“也”，符合语境。故填either。
88．E 89．C 90．D 91．B 92．F
【导语】本文主要讲了在暑假时应该注意的安全事项。
88．句意：许多学生在暑假期间会遇到各种各样的危险。根据“Many students meet many…of danger in summer vacations.”可知，此处是指各种各样的危险，固定短语many kinds of意为“很多种类”。故选E。
89．句意：因此，对我们所有人来说，知道如何保证安全是很重要的。根据“So it’s important…all of us to know how to keep safe.”可知，此处为固定句型，It is important for sb.意为“这对于某人来说很重要”，因此用介词for。故选C。
90．句意：不要在过马路的时候使用手机。根据“We should follow the traffic rules whenever we cross the road.”可知，此处在告诫我们在过马路的那个时刻，不要玩手机，at the moment意为“在那个时刻”。故选D。
91．句意：而且，只有父母陪同，我们才能去游泳池游泳。根据“we can go swimming in a swimming pool only…our parents go with us.”可知，此处用when引导时间状语从句，指的是有父母陪伴时才可以去游泳。故选B。
92．句意：另外，我们不应该在没有告诉父母的情况下和朋友出去。根据“we shouldn’t go out with friends without…our parents about it.”可知，我们出去玩必须告诉父母，telling“告诉”符合语境。故选F。
93．suggestions 94．on 95．careful 96．space 97．close 98．use 99．your 100．until 101．drinking 102．costs
【导语】本文主要给出一些道路安全的建议。
93．句意：这里有一些建议。根据后句“These suggestions...”可知，是给出一些建议，suggestions“建议”符合语境，故填suggestions。
94．句意：首先，时刻关注路况。keep your eyes on“密切关注”，固定短语，故填on。
95．句意：当你开车的时候，你应该时刻小心。根据“When you are driving a car, you should always be...”及备选词可知，开车时需要小心，careful“小心的”，在句中作表语，故填careful。
96．句意：其次，在你的车和其他车之间保持尽可能多的空间。根据“keep as much...as you can between your car and the other cars”及备选词可知，车与车之间要保留尽可能多的空间，space“空间”符合语境，故填space。
97．句意：当你的车离其他车太近时，可能会发生事故。根据“When your car stays too...to the others, accidents might happen.”及备选词可知，车距太近时可能会发生事故，close“近的”符合语境，故填close。
98．句意：第三，开车时不要使用手机。根据“never...your mobile phone while driving”可知，开车时不要使用手机，use“使用”，祈使句用动词原形，故填use。
99．句意：开车时使用你的手机是没有什么好理由的。根据“There is no good reason to use...mobile phone while you are driving.”及备选词可知，从句主语是you，空处作定语修饰mobile phone，用形容词性物主代词your，故填your。
100．句意：如果你真的需要打电话，等到你把车停在一个安全的地方。根据“If you really need to make a call, wait...you park your car at a safe place.”可知，直到把车停在一个安全的地方再打电话，until“直到”符合语境，故填until。
101．句意：最后，不要酒后驾车。根据“never drive after...”及备选词可知，不要酒后驾车，drink“喝酒”，介词后用动名词作宾语，故填drinking。
102．句意：只是花点钱而已。根据“It just...you a little money.”可知，乘出租车或公共汽车只要花一点钱，cost“花费”，时态是一般现在时，主语是It，动词用三单形式，故填costs。
103．However 104．in 105．safe 106．them 107．obeys 108．middle 109．a 110．sides 111．clear 112．children
【导语】本文讲述了如何在路上保持安全。
103．句意：然而，每年都有成千上万的人在中国的道路上死亡或受伤。根据“People make traffic rules to keep order on the road.”可知，此处表示转折，however“然而”，符合题意。故填However。
104．句意：然而，每年都有成千上万的人在中国的道路上死亡或受伤。根据“China”可知，此处说的是在中国的情况，in China“在中国”，故填in。
105．句意：有规则使道路安全，但人们并不总是遵守规则。根据“There are rules to make the road”可知，此处是说规则让道路安全，故填safe。
106．句意：他们中的一些人很粗心。根据“but people don’t always obey the rules”可知，此处是说他们中的一些人粗心，of为介词，后跟代词宾格作宾语。故填them。
107．句意：如果每个人都遵守规则，马路就会变得安全得多。根据“the road will be much safer”可知，此处是说如果每个人都遵守规则，obey“遵守”，动词，if引导的条件状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时，主语“everybody”为第三人称单数，此处用第三人称单数。故填obeys。
108．句意：当你骑自行车时，不要在马路中间骑。结合所给词并根据“don’t ride”可知，此处是说不要在公路中间骑，in the middle of“在……的中间”，故填middle。
109．句意：当你和朋友一起骑自行车时，别环顾四周或交谈。根据“friend”可知，此处是说当和一个朋友骑车时，“friend”以辅音音素开头，前用不定冠词a表示一个。故填a。
110．句意：你一定要随时系好安全带，停下来看看两边。根据“look at both”可知，此处是说看两边。side“边”，可数名词，both修饰名词复数形式。故填sides。
111．句意：如果道路畅通，过马路就安全了。根据“it’s safe to cross the road”可知，此处是说如果道路畅通，clear“顺畅的”。故填clear。
112．句意：我们必须告诉孩子们不要在马路上玩耍。根据“not to play on the road”可知，此处是说告诉孩子们不要在马路上玩耍。child“孩子”，可数名词，其复数为children。故填children。
113．B 114．G 115．E 116．A 117．C 118．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了能源在人们生产生活中的重要用途。
113．句意：能源为我们的车辆、火车、飞机和火箭提供动力。根据“vehicles (交通工具), trains,…and rockets.”可知，此处表示并列关系，应填交通工具，备选词汇“planes飞机”符合语境，故填B。
114．句意：当我们的衣服挂在外面的晾衣绳上时，它会把它们烘干。根据“It dries our clothes…they’re hanging outside on a clothes line.”可知，这里是时间状语从句，备选词汇“when当……时”符合语境，故填G。
115．句意：我们所做的一切都以某种形式与能量联系在一起。根据“Everything we do…energy in one form or another.”可知，生活中一切事情都与能量相关，备选词汇“is connected to与……相关”符合语境，故填E。
116．句意：汽车、飞机、灯泡、船只和机器也将能量转化为功。根据“Cars, planes, light bulbs, boats and machines also…energy into work.”可知，转换成能量进行工作，备选词汇“change转换，转变”符合语境，故填A。
117．句意：电是我们每天生活中使用的一种能源。根据“a…of energy”可知，这里表示用“一种能源”，备选词汇“form类型”符合语境，故填C。
118．句意：你会惊讶于我们每天使用的依赖电力的东西有多少。根据“how many things we use each and every day that depend on electricity.”可知，每天用电做很多事情，是很惊奇的事，备选词汇“surprised惊奇的”符合语境，故填D。
119．as 120．taken 121．another 122．keeps 123．ready 124．dream 125．spaceships 126．if 127．improve 128．your
【导语】本文通过邓清明的事迹向人们传达了坚持不懈的精神，以及其对于成功的重要性。
119．句意：1998年，邓被选为宇航员实习生。根据“an astronaut trainee”可知，此处是说作为实习生，备选词as“作为”符合语境。故填as。
120．句意：从那天起，为了成为一名宇航员，他几乎把所有的时间都花在了刻苦训练上。根据“him almost all of his time to train hard to become an astronaut.”可知，此处是说把时间花费在刻苦训练上，备选词take符合语境，“it takes sb some time to do sth”为“花费某人多少时间做某事”，设空处前是“has”，填过去分词，构成现在完成时。故填taken。
121．句意：多年来，邓看到许多学员一个接一个地进入太空。根据“one after”可知，备选词another符合题意，固定短语one after another“一个接一个”，故填another。
122．句意：他现在已经五十多岁了，但他仍然坚持训练。根据“He is now in his fifties, but he still”可知，此处指的他仍然坚持训练，备选词keeps符合语境，主语是“he”，动词填三单形式。故填keeps。
123．句意：他曾经说过：“每当机会来临，我必须做好准备。”根据“whenever the chance comes to me”可知，此处是说要做好准备，备选词ready“准备好的”符合题意，作表语。故填ready。
124．句意：最终，在2022年11月29日晚上，他的梦想实现了。根据“came true”可知，此处是说飞入太空的梦想实现，备选词dream“梦想”符合题意，故填dream。
125．句意：他和另外两名宇航员乘坐神舟飞船之一——神舟十五号飞入太空。此处指的乘坐飞船，备选词spaceship符合题意，one of后接可数名词复数。故填spaceships。
126．句意：所以，如果你想放弃学习英语（或其他东西），想想邓的故事。根据“you want to give up learning English (or something else),”可知，此处是说“如果”想放弃，备选词if“如果”符合题意。故填if。
127．句意：努力提高你的技能，坚持下去。根据“Try to…your skills and keep going”可知，此处指的提高技能，备选词improve符合语境，设空处前是不定式符号to，接动词原形，故填improve。
128．句意：总有一天，成功会来敲你的门。根据“success will knock at…door.”可知，此处指的敲你的门，备选词you符合语境，改为形容词性物主代词your“你的”，修饰door。故填your。
129．character 130．as 131．leader 132．Instead 133．special 134．fights with 135．beating 136．magic 137．quickly 138．appears
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国神话故事中的著名人物哪吒，讲述了他的出生背景、神奇能力以及他在中国文化中的重要地位。
129．句意：哪吒是中国童话故事中一个著名的角色。根据“Nezha is a famous ... from Chinese fairy tales.”及备选词汇可知，这里表示哪吒是中国童话故事中一个著名的角色。“a famous”后接名词，“character”有“角色”之意，符合语境。故填character。
130．句意：他作为一个勇敢且有魔力的男孩而闻名，他与坏人作斗争并帮助他人。根据“He is known ... a brave and magical boy who fights the bad people and helps others.”及备选词汇可知，这里表示他作为一个勇敢且有魔力的男孩而闻名，他与坏人作斗争并帮助他人。“be known as...”为固定短语，意为“作为……而闻名”。故填as。
131．句意：他的父亲是军队中的一位领导。根据“His father was a ... in the army.”及备选词汇可知，这里表示他的父亲是军队中的一位领导。“a”后接名词，“leader”表示“领导”，符合父亲在军队中的身份描述。故填leader。
132．句意：相反，他从一个肉球里出来时就是个小男孩，而不是婴儿。根据“... he came out of a meat ball as a young boy, but not as a baby.”及备选词汇可知，这里表示相反，他从一个肉球里出来时就是个小男孩，而不是婴儿。这里需用副词表转折，“Instead”意为“相反”，符合语境。故填Instead。
133．句意：这个故事神奇的开端让哪吒成为一个特别的角色。根据“This magical start of the story makes Nezha a ... character.”及备选词汇可知，这里表示这个故事神奇的开端让哪吒成为一个特别的角色。“a...character”，这里需用形容词修饰名词“character”，“special”意为“特别的”，符合语境。故填special。
134．句意：在他与坏人斗争的所有经历中。根据“Of all the experiences that he ... bad people.”及备选词汇可知，这里表示在他与坏人斗争的所有经历中。句子描述的是一般事实，用一般现在时，主语“he”是第三人称单数，“fights with”表示“与……斗争”，符合语境。故填fights with。
135．句意：人们最喜欢的最著名的故事是关于打败一条海龙来拯救他的家人和他的城镇。根据“The most well-known story that people like is about ... a sea dragon to save his family and his town.”及备选词汇可知，这里表示人们最喜欢的最著名的故事是关于打败一条海龙来拯救他的家人和他的城镇。“about”为介词，后接动名词，“beating”是“beat”的动名词形式，符合语境，“about beating...”构成介宾短语。故填beating。
136．句意：为了赢得这场战斗，哪吒运用了他的魔法和聪明才智。根据“To win this fight, Nezha used his ... and smart thinking.”及备选词汇可知，这里表示为了赢得这场战斗，哪吒运用了他的魔法和聪明才智。“his”后接名词，“magic”有“魔法”之意，符合哪吒使用魔法战斗的语境。故填magic。
137．句意：为了与坏人战斗，哪吒骑着风火轮，这让他移动得非常快。根据“To fight bad people, Nezha rides on the wind fire wheels, which let him move very ...”及备选词汇可知，这里表示为了与坏人战斗，哪吒骑着风火轮，这让他移动得非常快。这里需用副词修饰动词“move”，“quickly”意为“快速地”，符合语境。故填quickly。
138．句意：如今，哪吒仍然深受喜爱，并出现在电影、卡通片和节日中。根据“Today, Nezha is still loved and ... in movies, cartoons, and festivals.”及备选词汇可知，这里表示如今，哪吒仍然深受喜爱，并出现在电影、卡通片和节日中。句子描述的是一般事实，用一般现在时，主语“Nezha”是第三人称单数，“appears”表示“出现”，符合语境。故填appears。
139．painters 140．illness 141．move 142．started 143．Though 144．chance 145．works
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了山西一个励志姑娘张俊莉通过坚持不懈的学习油画，成为了一名画家的故事。
139．句意：她已经克服了生命中最大的困难成为了中国最著名的画家之一。此处应填名词复数。根据“Zhang Junli’s Paintings, where she sells her works.”可知，张俊莉是一名画家，one of+形容词最高级+名词复数。故填painters。
140．句意：当她六岁的时候，张俊莉得了严重的疾病。此处应填名词。根据“At eight, she could not move 90% of her body.”和“She has been paralyzed (瘫痪的) for over 30 years.”可知，她瘫痪30多年了，她身体百分之九十不能活动了，得了很严重的病。“serious”严重的，形容词;“illness”疾病，名词。形容词修饰名词，故填illness。
141．句意：她现在仅仅能活动她的肩膀和脖子。此处应填动词，根据“At eight, she could not move 90% of her body”可知，她是高位截瘫。只能移动她的肩膀和脖子。“can”能够，情态动词后接动词原形，move“活动，移动” 故填move。
142．句意：张小时候喜欢画画并在2015年开始学习绘画。此处应填动词的过去式。根据“Zhang took up ...and...2015.”可知，and连接两个并列的成分。started作并列谓语。前面分句讲到“从小就开始绘画”，故这里表示“在2015年开始学习画画”，结合备选词可知，started符合语境，由took可知，空处填started。故填started。
143．句意：尽管对她来说拿起画笔很困难，但是对绘画的热爱始终推动着她挑战她自己。此处应填转折连词。“it is hard for her to pick a paintbrush”和“her love for painting is always pushing her to challenge herself.”之间是转折的意思。“though”表示虽然，尽管。转折的意思。位于句首，首字母大写。故填Though。
144．句意：尽管我身体不好，为不想放弃活下去的机会。此处应填名词根据。“Even if I am in poor health, I don’t want to give up the … to live”及备选词可知，不想放弃活下去的机会，chance“机会”，故填chance。
145．句意：张想用她的作品去鼓励那些喜欢她的人，并且告诉他们永远不要放弃。此处应填名词。根据前文“She also has an online shop called Zhang Junli’s Paintings, where she sells her works.”可知，她想用她的作品鼓励像她一样的人。“works”表示作品，名词。故填works。
146．C 147．F 148．A 149．B 150．D
【导语】本文主要讲述了音乐家贝多芬的生平及其对音乐的热爱和贡献。
146．句意：他的父亲是一位歌手，且他对贝多芬很严格。根据“he was strict”和“Beethoven”可知，贝多芬的爸爸对他很严格。be strict with sb“对某人严格”。故选C。
147．句意：他在17岁的时候就得到了当时伟大的音乐家莫扎特的高度赞扬。根据“the age of 17”可知，此处指在17岁时。at the age of“在……岁”。故选F。
148．句意：在那时，要过上幸福的生活是很困难的。此处泛指幸福的生活，life是可数名词，且happy是以辅音音素开头的单词，空处填a。故选A。
149．句意：有一天，他发现他听不清楚了。空处位于couldn’t后，填动词原形。hear“听”，动词。故选B。
150．句意：1827年，留下了300多首作品，这位伟大的音乐家离开了世界，但人们今天仍记得他的名字和音乐。根据“the great musician left the world”和“people remember his name and music today”可知，前后表示转折关系，虽然离开了这个世界，但仍有人记得他。填表示转折关系的连词but“但是”。故选D。
151．space 152．to be 153．desert 154．heavy 155．hot 156．see 157．loves 158．Chinese 159．when 160．then 161．woman
【导语】本文主要讲述了中国女航天员王亚平的故事。
151．句意：2013 年，她成为第二位前往太空的中国女性。根据“Wang Yaping is an astronaut. In 2013, she became the second Chinese woman to travel to...”以及常识可知，宇航员是前往太空，应用名词space。故填space。
152．句意：王为了成为一名宇航员刻苦训练了很多年。根据“Wang trained very hard for many years...an astronaut.”可知，训练的目的是成为一名宇航员，be表示“成为”，此处用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to be。
153．句意：最艰难的部分是沙漠训练。根据后文“she walked several kilometers through the...and sandy desert.”可知，这里说的是训练的环境是沙漠，应用名词desert，故填desert。
154．句意：穿着宇航服，携带特殊的重型装备，她在炎热且多沙的沙漠中走了几公里。根据“Wearing a spacesuit and carrying special...equipment (装备)”结合备选词可知，指的是重型装备，应用形容词heavy，故填heavy。
155．句意：穿着宇航服，携带特殊的重型装备，她在炎热且多沙的沙漠中走了几公里。根据“and sandy desert”以及常识可知，沙漠的特点是炎热，需要用形容词hot作定语。故填hot。
156．句意：她说：“有时候风很大且布满灰尘，以至于即使我们相距只有几米远，我们也看不见彼此。” 根据“Sometimes it was so windy and dusty (布满灰尘的),”和“that we couldn’t...each other even though we were just a few meters away.”可知，因为风大布满灰尘，所以即使距离近也看不见对方，see“看见，情态动词couldn’t后接动词原形，故填see。
157．句意：王热爱她的工作。根据后文她回忆看第一位宇航员进入太空的事情以及她的想法可知她热爱自己的工作，love“热爱”，句子是一般现在时，主语Wang是第三人称单数，所以love用第三人称单数形式loves，故填loves。
158．句意：她记得观看第一位中国宇航员进入太空。根据前文提到王是中国宇航员以及“I was so proud and also very excited.”可知，她看的是中国宇航员进入太空而感到骄傲激动，Chinese“中国的”，符合语境，故填Chinese。
159．句意：但是当我观看的时候，一个想法出现在我的脑海里：我们有男飞行员和女飞行员；并且有一名男宇航员。根据“a thought came into my mind”以及“I watched it”可知，是在观看的时候有了想法，应用when引导时间状语从句，故填when。
160．句意：但是当我观看的时候，一个想法出现在我的脑海里：我们有男飞行员和女飞行员；并且然后有一名男宇航员。根据“We have men pilots (飞行员) and women pilots; and...a man astronaut.”可知，这里表示一种时间上的先后顺序，先有男女飞行员，然后有男宇航员，then“然后”，符合语境，故填then。
161．句意：什么时候会有一名女宇航员呢？根据前文提到有男宇航员，结合“And today, it’s me becoming one of the first few.”可知，她当时在想什么时候会有女宇航员，a woman astronaut表示一名女宇航员，故填woman。
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