高考英语语法复习学案(一般将来时)

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名称 高考英语语法复习学案(一般将来时)
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更新时间 2025-04-22 15:37:30

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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
高考英语一般将来时复习学案
一、复习目标
1. 掌握一般将来时的核心结构(will/shall + 动词原形;be going to + 动词原形)及用法差异。
2. 区分其他表将来的结构(如be doing, be about to do等)的适用场景。
3. 熟练应对语法填空、短文改错、写作中一般将来时的高频考点。
二、核心知识梳理
(一)基本结构与用法
1. will/shall + 动词原形
适用场景:
表示单纯的将来动作(无计划或意图)。
shall仅用于第一人称(I/we),will可用于所有人称。
例句:
I will go to the library tomorrow.(单纯计划)
We shall meet at the station.(第一人称用shall,较正式)
2. be going to + 动词原形
适用场景:
表示事先计划、打算的动作,或根据迹象推断即将发生的事。
例句:
She is going to study abroad next year.(事先计划)
Look at the clouds! It is going to rain.(迹象推断)
3. 其他表将来的结构
结构 用法 例句
be doing(瞬间动词) 表示按计划或安排即将发生的动作(如come, go, leave, arrive等) The train is leaving in 10 minutes.
be about to do 表示即将发生的动作(不与具体时间状语连用) He is about to leave when the phone rings.
be to do 表示正式的计划、安排或义务 The meeting is to be held next Monday.
(二)易混结构对比
1. will vs. be going to
区别 will be going to
计划性 无事先计划,临时决定 有明确计划或证据表明
例句 —My car won’t start. —I will help you.(临时决定) I am going to buy a new car next month.(提前计划)
2. be going to vs. be doing
区别 be going to be doing(瞬间动词)
动作确定性 计划意图(可能变动) 日程已安排(较确定)
例句 He is going to visit us, but he’s not sure. He is visiting us next Friday.(日程确定)
(三)时间状语
典型时间状语:
tomorrow, next week/month/year, in the future, in + 时间段(如in three days), soon, later
例句:
They will arrive in two hours.(两小时后到达)
We are going to have a party next Sunday.(下周日聚会)
三、高频考点突破
(一)语法填空:时态判断与结构选择
解题步骤:
1. 找时间状语(如tomorrow, next等)或上下文逻辑(如计划、意图)。
2. 区分will/shall与be going to的用法场景。
3. 注意瞬间动词的进行时表将来(如leave→is leaving)。
例题:
1. I will meet (meet) you at the airport tomorrow.(单纯将来,用will)
2. Look at the schedule! The concert is starting (start) at 7 pm.(日程已安排,用be doing)
3. They are going to build (build) a new road here.(事先计划,用be going to)
(二)短文改错:结构误用与主谓一致
常见错误类型:
1. will与be going to混淆:
错:I will to study medicine.
对:I will study medicine. / I am going to study medicine.(will后接动词原形,be going to+动词原形)
2. be动词单复数错误:
错:He are going to travel abroad.
对:He is going to travel abroad.(he对应is)
3. be about to与when连用错误:
错:He is about to leave when it rained.
对:He was about to leave when it rained.(be about to常用过去式+when表“即将……这时”)
例题:
错:We shall to have a meeting next week.
改:We shall have a meeting next week.(shall后接动词原形)
(三)写作:精准表达与句型升级
提升技巧:
1. 用be going to强调计划的主动性:
原句:I will take an exam next month.
改:I am going to take an exam next month.(突出主动备考计划)
2. 用be doing表确定日程,增强画面感:
The team is leaving for Shanghai tomorrow morning.(球队明早出发,行程已确定)
3. 避免中文式表达(如“打算将要”重复):
正确:I am going to finish the task.(无需加“将要”)
四、巩固练习
(一)单句填空
1. We ______ (visit) the museum next Saturday.
2. Look at the sky! It ______ (rain).
3. The train ______ (leave) at 8:00 pm.
4. I ______ (be) a doctor in the future.
5. They ______ (hold) a party tonight.
(二)短文改错(每行一处错误)
1. He will to go to university in September. __________
2. We are going to having a picnic this weekend. __________
3. The plane is about to taking off. __________
4. She is going to be 18 years old next year. __________(提示:判断是否正确)
5. I shall not to attend the meeting tomorrow. __________
(三)写作提升
用一般将来时完成句子:
1. 我们下周将有一场英语考试。
We ____________________ an English exam next week.
2. 看!公交车要来了。
Look! The bus ____________________.
3. 他计划毕业后去国外工作。
He ____________________ abroad after graduation.
五、参考答案
(一)单句填空
1. will visit / are going to visit
2. is going to rain
3. leaves / is leaving
4. will be
5. will hold / are going to hold
(二)短文改错
1. 去掉to(will后接动词原形)
2. having→have(be going to后接动词原形)
3. taking→take(be about to后接动词原形)
4. 正确(be going to可表年龄增长)
5. 去掉to(shall后接动词原形)
(三)写作提升
1. will have / are going to have
2. is coming
3. is going to work / plans to work(后者用一般现在时表计划,也可接受)
备考小贴士:
1. 制作“将来时结构对比表”,标注will/be going to/be doing的适用场景。
2. 针对瞬间动词(如come, go)的进行时表将来,整理高频词清单(如arrive, start, depart)。
3. 写作中结合语境选择合适结构,如正式场合用will,计划明确用be going to,日程确定用be doing。
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