南京市中华中学2024-2025学年第二学期期中考试
高二英语
考试时间：120分钟 满分：150分
命题： 审题：
第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How far does the man have to run in the race
A. 100meters. B.400 meters C.1600 meters
2. How does the man sound
A. Considerate. B. Grateful. C. Angry.
3. Why doesn't the woman eat ice cream
A. She doesn't like it.
B. It is too expensive.
C. It is bad for her health.
4. What are the speakers probably doing
A. Enjoying the weekend.
B. Arranging a vacation.
C. Touring in a wonderful city.
5. How many cups of coffee does the woman drink every week now
A. One. B. Three. C. Seven.
第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What did the man do last year
A. He finished his lessons and lectures.
B. He joined the student union.
C. He found an office job.
7. What makes the woman love the place
A. The great classes.
B. The friendly people.
C. The beautiful buildings.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What is the relationship between the speakers
A. They are family.
B. They are neighbors.
C. They are strangers.
9. What animal did the speakers see
A. A fish. B. A snake. C. A mouse.
10. How did the woman feel at last
A. Bored. B. Frightened. C. Interested.
听第8段材料，回答第11至 13题。
11. Who is the man probably
A. An actor.
B. An editor.
C. A company owner.
12. Where does the conversation take place
A. At a cinema.
B. At a bookshop.
C. At a newspaper office.
13. What will happen to the woman's story
A. It will be published on the front page.
B. It will be read by Tom Cruise.
C. It will be turned into a movie.
听第9段材料，回答第14至 17题。
14. Who listed the number one hotel in the world
A. A popular website.
B. A famous newspaper.
C. A high---quality magazine.
15. What do all the rooms in the hotel have
A. Fashion magazines.
B. Super large beds.
C. Private pools.
16. What is the neighborhood of the hotel like
A. There is a shopping center.
B. There are lots of clubs.
C. It is not crowded there.
17. What may have changed the woman's attitude toward the hotel
A. Its price. B. Its food. C. Its surroundings.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What can we know about Jim according to the speaker
A. He works with the speaker.
B. He loves gardening.
C. He is a science expert.
19. What happened to Jim and his team in the trip
A. They discovered a new animal.
B. They had been apart for some nights.
C. They planted various trees in the rainforest.
20. What will Jim do on the show
A. Answer some questions.
B. Talk about his adventures.
C. Give some tips on studying.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Adventure. New experiences. Interesting people. Read about other people's exciting travels around the world with these three books.
Is That Bike Diesel, Mate : One man, one bike and the first Lap Around Australia on Used Cooking Oil by Paul Carter
There are lots of ways to travel around Australia. You could do it by plane, train or car. But author Paul Carter decided to tour the country on a homemade motorcycle that runs on cooking oil. Why the author worked in the oil industry for many years, and was keen to explore alternative fuels. So, he bought the unusual bike from a group of Australian university students (who had built it themselves) and set off. On route, he has lots of amusing experiences. He almost dies in a crash and he even attempts to break the land speed record for a motorbike running .
You Are Awful (But I Like You) Travels Through Unloved Britain by TimMoore
Travel writers usually go to the best destinations. But not Tim Moore. In the book,Tim travels to the worst places in the UK. Follow him as he heads to “the bleakest towns, the worst hotels and the scariest pubs”. And to make matters worse, he does it in the middle of winter. “My primary challenge was to have a good time in places that everyone had said I wouldn't,” said the author. And he does meet lots of quirky characters and discovers that even Britain's ugliest parts have an inner beauty.
Coasting: A Private Voyage by Jonathan Raban
In 1982, author Jonathan Raban bought a boat and navigated Britain. And this is the book about his adventure. Along the way he gets caught in a few storms, explores seaside towns and even takes his aging parents along for part of the journey. Raban also uses his time at sea to think about how 1980s Britain is changing under Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher.
21. What is special of Paul Carter's travel
A. He breaks the land speed record.
B. He uses an unconventional fuel.
C. His aging parents accompanies him.
D. His motorcycle almost dies in a crash.
22. What challenge does Tim Moore face while traveling in the UK
A. Searching for alternative fuels.
B. Surviving heavy storms at sea.
C. Standing the freezing cold in winter.
D. Enjoying himself in unattractive places.
23. What do the three books have in common
A. They share practical travel advice for tourists.
B. They compare different modes of transportation.
C. They explore unique and challenging travel experiences.
D. They offer alternative fuel sources and their applications.
B
People in a courtroom(法庭) were left astonished after an emotional reunion between a judge and one of her old classmates caught following an alleged burglary(涉嫌盗窃).
Arthur Booth aged 49 was arrested on Monday after being spotted driving a car that looked like the one used in a robbery and failing to stop after a police officer ordered him to pull over. A police chase followed, resulting in two accidents before he crashed the car. He ran away but was finally caught and faced several charges.
US judge Mindy Glazer was taking charge of the case. When Arthur Booth was taken into court, the judge looked at him for a moment or two and then asked, “Did you go to Nautilus Middle School ” “Oh my goodness,” replied Mr. Booth several times, at first with smiles and then breaking down in tears. He repeatedly cried “Oh, my goodness. Oh, my goodness.”
In the heartbreaking scene, judge Glazer expressed her disappointment at the situation. “I always used to wonder what happened to you, sir,” she told him. “I'm sorry to see you here.” Mr Booth covered his head and cried as Glazer told the court, “This was the nicest kid in middle school.” The judge said, “He was the best kid in middle school. I used to play football with him, all the kids, and look what has happened.” Glazer said as Mr Booth continued to cry. “What's sad is how old we've become. Good luck to you sir, I hope you are able to come out of this and just lead a lawful life.”
Arthur Booth said, “Mindy has given me great encouragement. I will not give up my life. Now it is a new start for me.” Arthur Booth was a very good student, but in order to satisfy his gambling(赌博) addiction, he always engages himself in some stealing activities. As a result, he has to waste his good time in prison. Now his family hopes that the appearance of their old classmates and his own guilt can awaken his conscience.
24. What was one reason for Arthur Booth's arrest
A. He was addicted to gambling.
B. He got involved in an alleged robbery.
C. He was charged by his classmate.
D. He ignored police order and crashed the car.
25. Why did Arthur Booth break down in tears
A. He was charged with theft.
B. He was fully aware of his guilt.
C. He recognized his old classmate.
D. He thought of Nautilus Middle School.
26. Which of the following best describes Arthur Booth as a boy in middle school
A. Kind and well-behaved. B. Honest and generous.
C. Intelligent and independent. D. Humorous and outgoing.
27. What type of writing is this text
A. A diary entry. B. A lecture script. C. A news story. D. A fairy tale.
C
Starch (淀粉) is the main component of flour, rice and corn among others, while carbon dioxide makes up the vast majority of greenhouse gases. One day, humans may be able to “eat” carbon dioxide, and global warming could be “eaten away” by carbon lovers. Although it sounds wild, the day is coming.
Chinese scientists have created starch using carbon dioxide, hydrogen and electricity, according to a study published in Science in September, 2021. “Plants create starch through photosynthesis(光合作用), which is a complex and inefficient process,” Ma Yanhe, director of the Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, told China Daily. He added that it would take a plant about 60 steps to turn carbon dioxide, water and sunlight into starch.
“Our breakthrough shows that making starch is achievable in a lab. This method makes it possible to produce food in factories and there are many industries that can benefit from this technology,” Ma told China Daily.
The team has been working on the process for 6 years. “The first step of the method is to convent carbon dioxide and hydrogen into methanol (甲醇), which is a molecule(分子) that contains a single carbon atom,” Cai Tao, one of the first authors of the study, told. China Daily,
Scientists then piece these single-carbon molecules into bigger and more complex molecules. With the help of supercomputing, Chinese scientists have simplified the natural starch-making process from about 60 steps to 11.
“The new process has made it possible to turn starch production from traditional agricultural production to industrial production. And it may be possible to satisfy our needs without farming in the future. This will not only help save water, fertilizer and land but also help recycle carbon dioxide to deal with climate change, a research fellow of the Chinese Academy of Sciences told the Global Times.
The study can also benefit space exploration in the future. The starch may provide a secure food source for astronauts as they travel long distances in space by simply turning the carbon dioxide they breathe out into food.
28. What does Ma Yanhe think of the new method of creating starch
A. It's extremely complex and inefficient.
B. It's achievable through photosynthesis.
C. It's more efficient than the natural method.
D. It's a way of dealing with global warming.
29. What's the main idea of Paragraph 6
A. The method of producing starch traditionally.
B. The differences between producing starch traditionally and industrially.
C. The benefits of producing starch industrially.
D. The method of recycling carbon dioxide.
30. What can be learned about the breakthrough
A. It can change the way of starch production.
B. It can help improve people's health.
C. It can provide astronauts with nutritious food.
D. It can save farmers from traditional agriculture.
31. What can be the best title of this passage
A. Hungry for starch B. Smart with starch
C. Secure about food supply D. Beneficial to food diversity
D
“Assume you are wrong.” The advice came from Brian Nosek, a psychology professor, who was offering a strategy for pursuing better science.
To understand the context for Nosek's advice, we need to take a step back to the nature of science itself. You see despite what many of us learned in elementary school, there is no single scientific method. Just as scientific theories become elaborated and change, so do scientific methods.
But methodological reform hasn't come without some trouble and friction(摩擦).Unpleasant things have been said by and about methodological reformers. Few people like having the value of their life's work called into question. On the other side, few people are good at voicing criticisms in kind and constructive ways. So, part of the challenge is figuring out how to bake critical self-reflection into the culture of science itself, so it unfolds as a welcome and integrated part of the process, and not an embarrassing sideshow.
What Nosek recommended was a strategy for changing the way we offer and respond to critique. Assuming you are right might be a motivating force, sustaining the enormous effort that conducting scientific work requires. But it also makes it easy to interpret criticisms as personal attacks. Beginning, instead, from the assumption you are wrong, a criticism is easier to interpret as a constructive suggestion for how to be less wrong — a goal that your critic probably shares.
One worry about this approach is that it could be demoralizing for scientists. Striving to be less wrong might be a less effective motivation than the promise of being right. Another concern is that a strategy that works well within science could backfire when it comes to communicating science with the public. Without an appreciation for how science works, it's easy to take uncertainty or disagreements as marks against science, when in fact they reflect some of the very features of science that make it our best approach to reaching reliable conclusions about the world. Science is reliable because it responds to evidence: as the quantity and quality of our evidence improves, our theories can and should change, too.
Despite these worries, I like Nosek's suggestion because it builds in cognitive humility along with a sense that we can do better. It also builds in a sense of community — we' re all in the same boat when it comes to falling short of getting things right.
Unfortunately, this still leaves us with an untested hypothesis(假说 ): that assuming one is wrong can change community norms for the better, and ultimately support better science and even, perhaps, better decisions in life. I don't know if that's true. In fact, I should probably assume that it's wrong. But with the benefit of the scientific community and our best methodological tools, I hope we can get it less wrong, together.
32. What can we learn from Paragraph 3
A. Reformers tend to devalue researchers' work.
B. Scientists are unwilling to express kind criticisms.
C. People hold wrong assumptions about the culture of science.
D. The scientific community should practice critical self-reflection.
33. The strategy of “assuming you are wrong” may contribute to .
A. the enormous efforts of scientists at work
B. the reliability of potential research results
C. the public's passion for scientific findings
D. the improvement in the quality of evidence
34. The underlined word “demoralizing” in Paragraph 5 means .
A. discouraging B. ineffective C. unfair D. misleading
35. The tone the author uses in talking about the untested hypothesis is .
A. doubtful but sincere B. disapproving but soft
C. authoritative and direct D. reflective and humorous
第二节 (共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分,满分 12.5 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Emotional eating is the tendency to eat in times of stress, anxiety, anger, or sadness. Here are strategies to conquer it.
Name that Mood. The first step in overcoming emotional eating is to get a clearer understanding of when it happens. When keeping your diet journal, make a note of your mood each time you eat. 36 . Figuring out how often you eat when in bad moods, and which foods will give you insight into your patterns and help you know when to use the following strategies.
37 . Negative emotions ebb(退潮) and flow like the tide. Sometimes it feels very bad and other times it pulls back and is barely noticeable, which may all occur over a matter of minutes or hours. Knowing that a bad feeling will die down is important because learning to deal with the bad feeling without eating involves developing the ability to tolerate it. This means to just feel the emotion in its entirety without intervening(干预) it. Let high tide wash over you.
Don't Empower It. By eating during a negative emotion, you are giving food a new power beyond just meeting your nutrition needs. 38 . You begin to believe that you need food to get through bad feelings.
Cope with It Healthily. The key is to find ways to cope with negative feelings that do not cause more problems. Eating causes more problems, and so does getting lost in TV for hours at a time. Exercise and talking with a supportive friend are good examples of healthy coping. Avoid coping strategies with potential harm. 39
Conquer the Hard Times. Life is constant chaos. The secret to weight loss success is being able to keep a healthy lifestyle even in the midst of chaos. If you gain weight every time life gets stressful, your weight will always go up and down. 40 . You will be confident that you can do this no matter what difficulties come your way.
A. Ride the Storm Out
B. Overcome Negative Emotions
C. This will allow you to identify episodes of emotional eating
D. Food becomes a way to cope, making your desire for it strengthen
E. Challenge yourself to maintain a healthy lifestyle when pressured
F. It will shake your confidence and you will end up gaining more weight
G. There is no sense in feeling better in the moment if it costs you tomorrow
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节(共15 小题;每小题 1 分,满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入 空白处的最佳选项。
A little girl was enjoying the beautiful garden in her home. Her father had a good collection of rare and prized plants, which he 41 with great care.
The girl was 42 by a plant full of delicate flowers. She approached it and admired its striking beauty. Suddenly she 43 that the plant was in a pile of filth (污秽). She could not tolerate the 44 of dirt with such fantastic flowers.
She worked out a plan to clean the plant. She 45 the plant with all her might from the dirt and washed its 46 in running tap water till all traces of dirt were washed away. She then placed the plant on a clean stone and went away, proud that she had done a great 47 .
Later her father came to the garden and spotted the uprooted plant, which had lain 48 in the baking sun. His little daughter ran over to 49 her achievement. “I have cleaned it, Daddy,” she reported 50 .
The father showed her how her treatment had nearly killed the plant and told her that the filthy soil was the best 51 to grow that plant. Hearing that, the girl felt guilty that the plant had suffered by her cleaning.
A great gardener mixes the 52 soil for each plant. 53 ,God provides each of us with the best 54 required for optimum(最佳的)spiritual growth. But it may appear to be 55 and we may even complain to God about our difficulty.
41. A. weeded out B. brought up C. attended to D. fed on
42. A. collected B. attracted C. attacked D. shocked
43. A. recalled B. observed C. researched D. concluded
44. A. formation B. presentation C. presence D. composition
45. A. held B. picked C. pulled D. dropped
46. A. flowers B. branches C. leaves D. roots
47. A. deed B. deal C. operation D. project
48. A. burning B. bathing C. breathing D. dying
49. A. confirm B. exhibit C. evaluate D. celebrate
50. A. thoughtlessly B. distantly C. patiently D. innocently
51. A. reserve B. medicine C. medium D. venue
52. A. right B. same C. dirty D. loose
53. A. Moreover B. Likewise C. Rather D. Nevertheless
54. A. environment B. mode C. neighbourhood D. opportunity
55. A. unpleasant B. disorganized C. immoral D. invisible
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A comforting cup of tea is an essential part of the day for hundreds of millions of people around the globe. Worldwide, three billion cups of tea 56 (consume)every day. To 57 (full) appreciate the ancient roots of the herbal drink, a visit to the China National Tea Museum might be in order. The institution has a long history.
58 (locate) in Hangzhou, the museum occupies a park-like setting. Inside, various halls demonstrate the story of tea, its ceremonies and its tools. Records of tea drinking date as far back as the 59 (nine) century B. C. in China. Originally the leaves were baked into a brick, a part of 60 could be broken off and made into a powder. During the Tang Dynasty, tea spread into northern China and by the Song Dynasty it 61 (acquire) a loose-leaf production as well as the ceremonies that made its consumption 62 art form.
The art of tea extended to its fancy containers, which are 63 display in the museum. Gracefully rounded kettles date back 5,000 years; tea bowls from the Tang Dynasty have a beautiful simplicity. Today 64 (visit) can observe a tea ceremony that might be enough 65 (change) even the most passionate coffee drinker.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分 40 分)
第一节 (满分 15 分)
学校英语俱乐部将组织关于“生活中具有重大影响的科技产品---AI”的讨论，请你作为代表发言，内容包括：
1.介绍AI 及其影响；
2. 对AI的展望。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
Good morning, everyone!
第二节 (满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One day, Mrs. Green asked everyone about their dream jobs. The classroom suddenly got filled with eager voices as classmates enthusiastically shared their dreams. “I want to be a college professor,” said Sarah confidently. “I dream of becoming a basketball player,” exclaimed Mike with light in his eye. The air was filled with dreams of doctors, nurses, police and various professions.
When Mrs. Green turned her attention to me, inquiring about my future career, I hesitated. “I don't know yet,” I admitted. Then she asked if I wished to follow in my dad's footsteps. “No,” I replied firmly.
My dad is a distinguished doctor with a demanding schedule, who often finds himself engaged in the responsibilities of his job. Thus, he often returns home late in the evening. The limited time we spent together during my growth created a noticeable distance in our relationship. I had such a lot to complain about his job and thus being a doctor would be the last option I would take.
Upon hearing my response, Mrs. Green remained silent. Instead, she encouraged me to reflect further.
A turning point came when our school organized a cultural festival. It was an important event, and we had been preparing for it for a long time. For my role, I needed to purchase a costume. Unfortunately, my mother was abroad, so the responsibility fell on my father. Unwillingly, I agreed, acknowledging that there was no other choice.
In the mall, my dad's unfamiliarity with the shopping list became apparent. Despite Mom's thorough list, we wandered aimlessly through the floors, struggling to find the necessary items. As we did, I felt a growing sense of discomfort.
Suddenly, a chaos drew our attention. A crowd had gathered, and someone was shouting for help. It turned out that an elderly customer had a fall, and onlookers were at a loss on how to assist.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Without hesitation, my father rushed forward.
For the first time, I felt a sense of pride in his work.第一部分：听力（略）
第二部分：阅读
第一节： 21~23 BDC 24~27 DCAC 28~31 CCAB 32~35 DBAA
第二节： 46~40 CADGE
第三部分：语言运用
第一节：41~45 CBBCC 46~50 DADBA 51~55 CABAD
第二节：
are consumed 57. fully 58. Located 59. ninth 60. which
had acquired 62. an 63. on 64. visitors 65. to change
第四部分：写作（略）
