中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
中考英语现在进行时复习学案
一、核心语法结构
(一)基本句型构成
肯定句:主语 + be动词(am/is/are)+ 动词-ing形式
例句:My brother is doing his homework in the study.(哥哥在书房写作业。)
否定句:主语 + be动词 + not + 动词-ing形式
例句:They aren't playing computer games. They are drawing.(他们没在玩电脑游戏,在画画。)
一般疑问句:Be动词 + 主语 + 动词-ing形式?
例句:—Is your teacher talking to Mary (老师在和玛丽说话吗?)
—Yes, she is./No, she isn't.(是的/不是。)
特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词 + be动词 + 主语 + 动词-ing形式?
例句:What are the students doing on the playground (学生们在操场上做什么?)
二、动词-ing形式变化规则
(一)一般情况
直接在动词原形后加 -ing
例:play→playing(玩)、study→studying(学习)、work→working(工作)
(二)以不发音e结尾的动词
去掉不发音的e,再加 -ing
例:write→writing(写)、make→making(制作)、drive→driving(驾驶)
注意:若e发音(如see/agree),则直接加-ing:see→seeing(看见)
(三)重读闭音节结尾(辅元辅结构且重读)
双写末尾辅音字母,再加 -ing
例:run→running(跑)、stop→stopping(停止)、swim→swimming(游泳)
判断技巧:单词最后三个字母为“辅音+元音+辅音”,且音标中该音节重读(如 r n)。
(四)以ie结尾的动词
变ie为y,再加 -ing
例:die→dying(死亡)、lie→lying(躺)、tie→tying(系鞋带)
三、现在进行时的三种核心用法
(一)表示此刻正在进行的动作(瞬时场景)
时间标志词:now(现在)、at the moment(此刻)、listen(听)、look(看)
例句:
Listen! The birds are singing outside the window.(听!鸟儿在窗外唱歌。)
Look! The children are flying kites in the park.(看!孩子们在公园放风筝。)
(二)表示现阶段持续进行的动作(非此刻但属当前阶段)
时间标志词:these days(这些天)、this week/month(本周/本月)、recently(最近)
例句:
We are preparing for the final exam these days.(我们这些天在准备期末考试。)
She is learning to ride a bike this month.(她这个月在学骑自行车。)
(三)表示按计划安排即将发生的动作(限瞬间动词)
适用动词:go、come、leave、start、arrive、return等
例句:
The bus is coming soon. Let's hurry!(公交车马上来了,快点!)
My family is leaving for Shanghai tomorrow.(我们家明天出发去上海。)
四、易混时态对比:现在进行时 vs 一般现在时
现在进行时强调“动作正在发生”(临时、短暂),一般现在时强调“习惯性动作”(长期、规律)。
对比例句:
He is eating dinner now.(他现在在吃饭。)→ 此刻动作
He eats dinner at 6 pm every day.(他每天六点吃晚饭。)→ 习惯动作
时间标志词对比:
现在进行时:now、listen、look、at the moment
一般现在时:often、usually、always、every day
五、常见错误类型及纠正
(一)be动词遗漏或误用
错误:× Tom playing basketball with his friends.
正确:√ Tom is playing basketball with his friends.
解析:现在进行时必须包含be动词,且与主语一致:
I + am:I am reading a book.
第三人称单数(he/she/it)+ is:She is singing.
复数主语(we/they/复数名词)+ are:They are watching TV.
(二)动词-ing形式拼写错误
错误:× The boy is shoping in the supermarket.
正确:√ The boy is shopping in the supermarket.
解析:重读闭音节单词需双写末尾辅音字母,如shop→shopping、swim→swimming。
(三)时态混淆(忽略时间标志词)
错误:× Look! The girl draws a picture.
正确:√ Look! The girl is drawing a picture.
解析:句首有look/listen等词时,动作正在进行,必须用现在进行时。
六、实战演练与中考真题
(一)基础巩固练习
1. 用所给动词的适当形式填空:
① Lily ______ (watch) a movie on her phone now.
② ______ they ______ (play) volleyball at the beach at the moment
③ Listen! My mother ______ (cook) dinner in the kitchen.
答案:① is watching;② Are; playing;③ is cooking
(二)语境单项选择
1. —Where is your father
—He ______ the car in the garage.
A. washes B. washed C. is washing
解析:询问父亲此刻的动作,用现在进行时,选C。
2. These days, my classmates ______ a drama for the school talent show.
A. practice B. are practicing C. practiced
解析:these days表现阶段动作,用现在进行时,选B。
(三)中考真题精选(近三年典型题)
1.(2024·湖北武汉)
—Hi, Anna! What are you doing
—I ______ a letter to my pen pal. She lives in Australia.
A. write B. am writing C. wrote
解析:回答“正在写信”,用现在进行时,选B。
2.(2023·山东济南)
Look! The workers ______ the new bridge. It will be finished soon.
A. build B. are building C. built
解析:look提示动作正在进行,选B。
3.(2024·四川成都)
—Is your brother busy now
—Yes, he ______ his room. He ______ it every Sunday morning.
A. cleans; cleans B. is cleaning; cleans C. cleans; is cleaning
解析:第一空“正在打扫”用进行时,第二空“每周打扫”用一般现在时,选B。
4.(2024·湖南长沙)
The plane ______ in an hour. We need to get to the airport quickly.
A. takes off B. is taking off C. took off
解析:瞬间动词take off用现在进行时表将来,选B。
5.(2022·浙江杭州改编)
—What's your mother doing
—She ______ cakes. She ______ cakes for us every weekend.
A. makes; makes B. is making; makes C. makes; is making
解析:第一空“正在做蛋糕”用进行时,第二空“每周做”用一般现在时,选B。
七、记忆口诀
现在进行时不难记,be动后接动词-ing。
直加去e双写辅,ie变y要牢记。
Now/Look/Listen是信号,正在进行要用上。
计划将来用瞬间,go/come/leave别忘记!
八、课后提升任务
1. 错题整理:将练习中的错误分类(如be动词错误、ing拼写错误),标注原因。
2. 场景写作:用现在进行时写5句话,描述你和同学在学校的某个场景(例:Li Hua is playing basketball...)。
3. 真题复盘:重做中考真题,总结时态判断的关键线索(时间标志词、语境逻辑)。
通过“结构理解+规则记忆+语境应用”三步法,扎实掌握现在进行时,中考英语轻松应对!
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