中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
中考英语一般将来时复习学案
一、核心语法结构
(一)基本句型构成
1. will/shall + 动词原形
肯定句:主语 + will/shall + 动词原形
例句:I will study English harder next term.(下学期我会更努力学英语。)
特殊:shall仅用于第一人称(I/we),但现代英语中多用will。
否定句:主语 + will/shall not + 动词原形(will not=won’t,shall not=shan’t)
例句:They won’t go to the party tonight.(他们今晚不去派对。)
一般疑问句:Will/Shall + 主语 + 动词原形?
例句:—Will you come back tomorrow (你明天回来吗?)
—Yes, I will./No, I won’t.(是的/不。)
特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词 + will/shall + 主语 + 动词原形?
例句:When will they arrive at the station (他们什么时候到车站?)
2. be going to + 动词原形
肯定句:主语 + be (am/is/are) going to + 动词原形
例句:She is going to take a trip next week.(她下周要去旅行。)
否定句:主语 + be not going to + 动词原形
例句:He isn’t going to watch TV tonight.(他今晚不看电视。)
一般疑问句:Be + 主语 + going to + 动词原形?
例句:—Are you going to study abroad (你要出国留学吗?)
—Yes, I am./No, I’m not.(是的/不。)
二、两种结构的核心用法对比
结构 will/shall be going to
侧重点 单纯表将来(临时决定或客观事实) 表计划、打算或迹象推断(主观意图)
时间标志 较模糊的将来(如tomorrow, in the future) 较近的将来(如this week, next month)
例句 It will rain tomorrow.(明天会下雨。) Look at the clouds! It’s going to rain.(看云!要下雨了。)
典型场景:
will:临时决定(I will call you later.)、客观事实(He will be 18 next year.)
be going to:事先计划(We’re going to have a party.)、迹象推断(The car is going to break down.)
三、时间标志词大全
(一)明确将来时间
tomorrow系列:tomorrow(明天)、tomorrow morning/afternoon/evening(明天上午/下午/晚上)
next系列:next week/month/year(下周/月/年)、next Monday/Sunday(下周一/日)
in+时间段:in a week(一周后)、in two months(两个月后)
(二)模糊将来时间
soon(不久)、later(以后)、in the future(在未来)、one day(有一天)
四、易混点与常见错误
(一)will与be going to混淆
错误:× I will going to buy a new bike.
正确:√ I will buy a new bike. / √ I’m going to buy a new bike.
解析:will后接动词原形,be going to结构中be动词不可省略。
(二)be动词误用
错误:× He are going to study English.
正确:√ He is going to study English.
解析:主语he为第三人称单数,be动词用is(I+am,复数+are)。
(三)时间状语搭配错误
错误:× She will go to school yesterday.
正确:√ She will go to school tomorrow.
解析:yesterday为过去时间,需搭配一般过去时;将来时用tomorrow等将来时间。
(四)shall的误用(现代英语中少用)
错误:× You shall go with me.
正确:√ You will go with me.
解析:shall通常仅用于第一人称(I/we),如:We shall meet at the park.
五、实战演练与中考真题
(一)基础填空(用will或be going to的正确形式填空)
1. I ______ (visit) my uncle next Sunday.
2. Look at the sky! It ______ (rain) soon.
3. ______ they ______ (have) a party next month
答案:1. will/am going to visit;2. is going to rain;3. Will/Are; going to have
(二)语境选择(单项选择)
1. —What are your plans for next weekend
—I ______ my grandparents in the countryside.
A. visit B. visited C. am going to visit
解析:plans表明事先计划,用be going to,选C。
2. —Do you think it ______ sunny tomorrow
—I hope so. We can have a picnic.
A. is B. was C. will be
解析:tomorrow为将来时间,用will表客观天气预测,选C。
(三)中考真题精选(近三年典型题)
1.(2024·广东)
—Why are you in such a hurry
—Because my best friend ______ for me at the school gate. We’ll go to the cinema together.
A. waits B. waited C. is waiting D. will wait
解析:“将要一起去电影院”表将来,用will wait,选D。
2.(2023·北京)
There ______ a new library in our school next year.
A. will have B. is going to have C. will be D. are going to be
解析:there be句型的将来时为there will be/there is/are going to be,a new library为单数,选C。
3.(2024·上海)
—What’s your dream job, Tom
—I ______ a scientist to study space in the future.
A. am B. was C. will be D. have been
解析:in the future表将来,用will be,选C。
4.(2024·江苏)
Look at the schedule! The train ______ at 9:00 pm. We need to hurry.
A. leaves B. is leaving C. will leave D. left
解析:火车时刻表用一般现在时表将来,但选项中无,可用will leave表即将发生,选C。
5.(2024·浙江)
—Are you free this evening
—No, I ______ my homework and then watch TV.
A. do B. did C. am going to do D. was doing
解析:今晚的计划用be going to,选C。
六、记忆口诀
一般将来时,两种结构记心里:
Will表未来,计划意图用be going to。
时间状语tomorrow,next/in短语要牢记。
Be动词随主语变,will后跟原形没问题!
七、课后任务
1. 句型转换:将句子“She is going to study math tonight.”改为否定句、一般疑问句并回答。
2. 写作练习:用一般将来时写5句话,描述你暑假的计划(例:I will go traveling with my family...)。
3. 真题分析:收集近三年中考卷中一般将来时的题目,总结考点(如there be句型、will与be going to的选择)。
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