中考英语语法复习学案（状语从句）

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中考英语状语从句复习学案
一、状语从句基础概念
（一）定义
状语从句是作状语的从句，修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词，由从属连词引导（如when, because, if），可表示时间、地点、原因等九类逻辑关系。
（二）核心分类
时间、地点、原因、条件、让步、目的、结果、方式、比较状语从句。
二、九类状语从句详细用法
（一）时间状语从句
引导词：when, while, as, until, since, as soon as
when：动作可同时或先后发生（延续性/非延续性动词均可）。
例：When he arrived, I was cooking.
while：主从句动作同时持续（从句用延续性动词）。
例：While she read, I wrote.
not...until：直到…才…
例：He didn’t sleep until he finished homework.
since：主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。
例：I’ve lived here since I was born.
（二）地点状语从句
引导词：where, wherever
表地点或范围。
例：Stay where you are./Wherever you go, I follow.
（三）原因状语从句
引导词：because, since, as
because：直接回答why，语气最强。
例：He failed because he didn’t study.
since：既然（已知事实）。
例：Since it’s rain, we’ll stay in.
as：由于（较明显原因）。
例：As he was tired, he slept early.
（四）条件状语从句
引导词：if, unless, as long as
时态规则：主将从现（主句将来时，从句一般现在时）。
例：If it doesn’t rain, we’ll go out./Unless you try, you won’t succeed.
（五）让步状语从句
引导词：though, although, even if, whatever
though/although不与but连用。
例：Although he’s old, he works hard.
whatever= no matter what（无论什么）。
例：Whatever you say, I won’t agree.
（六）目的状语从句
引导词：so that, in order that（为了）
从句含情态动词（can, may等）。
例：He studies hard so that he can enter a good school.
（七）结果状语从句
引导词：so...that, such...that
so+形容词/副词+that：
例：He is so tall that he can reach the shelf.
such+名词+that：
例：It was such a hot day that we stayed in.
（八）方式状语从句
引导词：as, as if（好像）
例：Do as I say./He talks as if he knew everything.
（九）比较状语从句
引导词：as...as, than
原级：as+原级+as（和…一样）。
例：She is as tall as her mother.
比较级：比较级+than（比…更）。
例：He runs faster than me.
三、易混点对比
（一）when vs. while
when：动作可先后或同时（非延续性动词可用）。
while：动作同时持续（仅延续性动词）。
（二）so...that vs. such...that
so后接形容词/副词，such后接名词。
（三）because vs. because of
because+从句，because of+名词/短语。
四、常见错误
（一）时态错误（条件/时间从句未用主将从现）
× If he will come, I’ll tell you.
√ If he comes, I’ll tell you.
（二）连词误用（though与but连用）
× Though he is poor, but he is happy.
√ Though he is poor, he is happy.
（三）引导词混淆（where与which）
× This is the park where we visited.
√ This is the park that we visited.
五、中考真题示例
（一）时间状语从句
（2024·广东）______ I walked in the park, I saw kids flying kites.
A. While B. Until C. Unless （答案：A）
（二）条件状语从句
（2023·北京）You can’t learn well ______ you practice daily.
A. if B. unless C. when （答案：B）
（三）让步状语从句
（2024·上海）______ it was late, he kept working.
A. Although B. Because C. Since （答案：A）
六、记忆口诀
状语从句连词多，逻辑关系要记清：
时间when/while/as连，条件if来表假设，
原因because最直接，让步though不接but，
目的so that为了啥，结果such/so带that，
地点where方向明，方式as仿模样，
比较as...as和than，时态呼应别忘记！
七、课后任务
1. 用适当引导词填空：
① I’ll call you ______ I arrive.
② He didn’t leave ______ I came back.
2. 翻译：除非你努力，否则会失败。
3. 分析近三年真题中状语从句考点。
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