Unit 5 Into the unknown Grammar 课件（共43张，内嵌音视频） 2024-2025学年高二英语外研版（2019）选择性必修4

(共43张PPT)
Unit 5 Into the Unknown
Using language
Grammar
1.Review the noun clauses in the passage the Mysteries of the Maya
2.Clarify and master Subject Clause, Object Clause, Appositive Clause,and Predicative Clause
3.Imagine and express the reason for the disappearance of dinosaurs using noun clauses
Learning objectives
Listen and fill in the blank
Although loneliness has always been a friend of mine
I'm leaving my life in your hands
People say ①I'm crazy and_____I am blind
Risking it all in a glance
②_____ you got me blind is still a mystery
I can't get you out of my head
Don't care ③____ is written in you history
As long as you're here with me
I don't care ④____ you are，_____ you're from，____ you did
As long as you love me
Who you are
Where you're from
Don't care ⑤____ you did
As long as you love me
How
what
who
where
what
what
that
Object宾语
Subject主语
Object宾语
Look at the sentences from the reading passage and answer the questions.
a Although his theory has been dismissed by scholars, it shows how powerful the secrets of Ancient Maya civilisation are among people.
b But the greatest mystery of all is what caused the Maya to abandon most of their great cities.
c Why Maya civilisation collapsed remains a mystery.
Which sentence contains a clause that serves as the subject of the sentence
as a subject
Which sentence contains a clause that serves as the object of the sentence
as an object
Which sentence contains a clause that gives further information about the subject in the sentence
as a predicative
名词性从句
主语从句
Subject
Clause
宾语从句
Object
Clause
表语从句
Predicative
Clause
同位语从句
Appositive
Clause
1. Why Maya civilisation collapsed remains a mystery.
2. Through comparison, he found that the locations of the 117 known Maya cities correspond to the positions of the stars.
3. But the greatest mystery of all is what caused the Maya to abandon most of their great cities.
4. The fact that Maya society was technologically primitive makes its achievements all the more incredible and mysterious.
1. Through comparison, he found that the locations of the 117 known Maya cities correspond to the positions of the stars.
2. Based on this, he believed he had spotted an unknown Maya city buried deep in the jungle.
3. What is most extraordinary about these complex structures is how they were built without the use of wheels, metal tools or even animal power.
Have A L k
Object Clause
Subject Clause
^
that
4. The fact that Maya society was technologically primitive makes its achievements all the more incredible and mysterious.
5. Some research seems to indicate that the Maya people themselves may have played a part in their downfall.
6. By changing the landscape in this way, it is possible that the Maya people unknowingly reduced their ability to deal with natural disasters.
Object Clause
Subject Clause
Appositive Clause
Noun Clauses as a subject
(主语从句)
That she was beautiful was plain to everyone.
How a book will sell depends much on the reviewer(评论者).
Whether he'll come hasn't been decided.
形式主语
真正主语
= It hasn't been decided whether he'll come.
① That he speaks English so well surprises all of us.
② That she became an artist may have been due to her father's influence.
1.that在主语从句中不充当任何成分，也无意义，只起连接作用，不能省略。
① It's uncertain whether/if he'll come this evening.
2.whether和if: whether与if 引导主语从句位于句中有时可换用。
② It was doubtful whether/if Tom really saw Sharon.
用whether不用if的情况：
1.① Whether we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.
② It makes no difference whether you will go today or tomorrow.
2.① Whether or not he will come still remains a question.
② Whether we'll succeed remains to be seen.
1.主语从句位于句首时；
2.从句后有or或紧跟or not时
1. It+be+形容词+that从句
certain
clear
important
necessary
probable
possible
主语从句常用it作形式主语放句首, that引导的从句放在句末。
常用句型有：
It is/was
+that – clause
it作形式主语
2. It + be + 名词词组 + that从句
pity
shame
duty
① It is a pity that he missed such a good chance.
It is / was a
+ that – clause
② It is a shame that you're sick.
很遗憾他错过了这么好的机会。
真遗憾你病了。
3. It + be + V-ed + that从句
said
reported
thought
hoped
believed
known
It is
+ that – clause
① It is said that he is the best student in the class.
② It is thought that Joe drives badly.
据说他是班上最好的学生。
人们认为乔开车开得不好。
① It seems that Alice is not coming to the party at all.
② It happened that I was out that day.
③ It appears to me that you don't want to come to the party.
4. It + seem, happen, appear等不及物动词+ that从句。
爱丽丝似乎不来参加晚会。
碰巧我那天外出了。
在我看来，你不想来参加聚会。
I don't care whether he is rich or not.
I've made it clear I will never go back there.
Noun Clauses as an object
( 宾语从句)
I feel it our duty to keep the classroom clean,
so we made it a rule that whoever litters should be punished.
我感觉保持教室卫生是我们的职责，
因此，我们规定：乱扔垃圾者罚。
宾语从句的时态取决于主句的时态
①主句是现在的时态，
从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。
②主句是过去的某种时态，
从句一定要用过去的某种时态。
注意：如果宾语从句表述的是客观真理、自然现象等时, 不管主句是什么时态, 从句都要用一般现在时。
He said that light travels much faster than sound.
Does anyone know where I can find a home
We didn't know why she had missed the flight.
The fact is that he has not been seen recently.　
My suggestion is that we should turn the land into rice fields.
Noun Clauses as a predicative
( 表语从句)
My suggestion is that we all ___________ (take) an active part in the coming sports meet.
2. His proposal was that the work _________________ (finish) in five hours.
(should) be finished
(should) take
如果引出表语从句的名词是一些表示 “建议”或者“命令”之类的词如advice, suggestion, proposal, order, plan, idea等, 那么从句中的动词通常用(should)+动词原形。
①The fact that we cannot travel faster than light means that it will take a long time to reach those planets.
②He can't answer the question how he got the money.
③I have no idea where he comes from.
同位语从句常放在抽象名词，如fact, idea, news, information, order, belief, suggestion, reply, answer, thought等之后，以具体说明这些词的含义。
Noun Clauses as an appositive
( 同位语从句)
在某些名词(如demand, suggestion, wish, advice, request, proposal, order等)后的同位语从句谓语动词用“should+动词原形”，should可以省略。
①We followed his advice that we (should) turn to our teacher for help.
②We all agreed to his suggestion that we (should) go to Beijing for sightseeing.
③I can understand their wishes that they (should) have a holiday.
同位语从句 定语从句
性质
实例
定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制，属于形容词性从句的范畴
同位语从句是从句对前面抽象名词的进一步的说明和解释，属于名词性从句的范畴
The news that our team has won the game is true.
我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。
(同位语从句, 补充说明news到底是一个什么消息)
The news that he told me yesterday was true.
昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的。
(定语从句, news在从句中作told的宾语)
同位语从句与定语从句的区别
同位语从句 定语从句
先行词
实例 同位语从句前面的名词只能是idea, fact, news, hope, belief, suggestion, proposal, word, thought, doubt, truth, possibility, promise, order等抽象名词
定语从句的先行词可以是名词、代词、主句的一部分或是整个主句
①He told me the news that he would come home from abroad soon.
②Word came that he had been abroad.
③Our team has won the game, which made us very happy.
(同位语从句)
(定语从句)
(同位语从句)
同位语从句 定语从句
引导同位语从句的词有:that, whether, what, who, whom, whose, when, where, how等。
that引导同位语从句只起连接作用，无具体意义，在从句中不作成分，不能其他替代，不能省略。
有些引导词如how, whether, what不能引导定语从句。
that引导定语从句时，不但起连接作用，而且在从句中作成分，作宾语时可以省略
定语从句的先行词可以是名词、代词、主句的一部分或是整个主句
The order that we received yesterday was that we should send a few people to help the other groups.
同位语从句前面的名词只能是idea, fact, news, hope, belief, suggestion, proposal, word, thought, doubt, truth, possibility, promise, order等抽象名词
定语从句
同位语从句
The news that we had successfully sent up another communication satellite spread throughout the world.
2. Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.
3. That’s the best piece of news I’ve heard.
定语从句
定语从句
同位语从句
Clarify
4. Is there any hope that he will be home at 7:30
5. The possibility that you referred to doesn’t exist at all.
6. The fact that we talked about is very important.
7. There is a strong possibility that we may be in France for the next week.
定语从句
定语从句
同位语从句
同位语从句
名词性从句
Summary
Practice
高考链接
1. This is ________ they need an English trainer.
[2023年新高考II卷]
2. Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak ____42____ she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of the time, they agreed.
[2022年新高考II卷]
why
whether/if
3. It’s easy to explain how we determine ____34____ smells are dangerous or not: we learn.
[2022年北京卷]
4. Mental health involves________ you procees things such as stress and anxiety.
A. how B. what C. why D. which
[2022年天津卷]
whether
5. Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles’ song“The Long and Winding Road”. ____56____is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we humans are.
[2022年浙江卷]
6. It seemed that I had become ________ my parents had wanted me to be.
A. when B. where C. what D. whether
[2021年天津卷]
what
7. The poor woman wasn't able to give him any information about ____15____ she lived．
[2021年北京卷]
where
9. The students completed this experiment to make come true ______ Professor Joseph had said.
A. that B. what C. when D. where
[2020 天津卷]
8. It is not a problem ______ we can win the battle; it's just a matter of time.
A. whether B. why C. when D. where
[2020 江苏卷]
10. Over thousands of years, they began to depend less on _______ could be hunted or gathered from the wild, and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.
[2020 浙江卷]
what
11. Scientists have obtained more evidence ______ plastic is finding its way into the human body.
A. what B. that
C. which D. where
[2019 江苏卷]
12. What students do at college seems to matter much more than ______ they go.
[2019 北京卷]
where
13. The gold medal will be awarded to ______ wins the first place in the bicycle race.
A. whomever B. wherever
C. whoever D. whatever
[2018 天津卷]
1. 他建议我努力学习。（suggest/suggestion）
He suggested that I (should) study hard.
宾语从句
It is suggested that I (should) study hard.
He gave me a suggestion that I (should) study hard.
What he suggested is that I (should) study hard.
主语从句
同位语从句
主语从句+表语从句
Translation
2. 众所周知，没有什么比健康更重要的。
We all know that nothing is more important than health.
宾语从句
It’s known to us that nothing is more important than health.
We all know the fact that nothing is more important than health.
What we all know is that nothing is more important than health.
主语从句
同位语从句
主语从句+表语从句
1.众所周知，学好英语是很重要的. （主语从句）
_________________________________________________.
2.那是因为它为未来打开了一扇大门.（表语从句）
It is_______________________________________
/The reason is______________________________.
It is known to all that it is important to learn English well
because it opens a door for your future.
that it opens a door for your future.
3.我的愿望是能被一所重点大学录取。（表语从句）
My hope is________________________________________
that I can be admitted to a key university.
4.在我看来学习的成功主要取决于一个人是否有决心。(宾语从句) .
In my opinion, success in study depends mainly on
————————————————————————.
5.我现在要做的是采取措施学好英语。（主语从句）
What _____________________________________________________ .
6.我坚信我会掌握好英语的。(同位语从句)
___________________________ I’ll have a good command of English .
I hold the firm belief that
I should do now is to take measures to master English
whether one can have great determination
It is well-known that it is important to learn English and the reason is that it opens a door for your future. My ambition is that I can be admitted to a key university. Unfortunately, I am not expert at English. However, in my opinion, success in study depends mainly on whether one can have great determination. What I should do now is to take measures to master English. I hold the firm belief that I’ll have a good command of English.
连句成篇
Complete the passage using noun clauses with words in brackets.
P70 2
what we think
what they looked like/how they looked
why they had
that they depended on
Talk about what caused the disappearance of dinosaurs using noun clauses where appropriate. You may use the notes to help you.
P70 3
Among the many unsolved mysteries about dinosaurs, what really interests me is their disappearance. I strongly agree with the opinion that...
Self-assessment Ranks
Do I know what noun clauses are
Can I use noun clauses to express my opinion
Can I write correct sentences by using subject clause, object clause, appositive clause,and predicative clause
Self-assessment
1. Draw a mind map of the noun clauses.
2. Write down the reasons of disappearance of dinosaurs with some noun clauses.
Homework