中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
非谓语动词典型考点 预测练
2025年中考英语三轮复习备考
知识点总结
知识点一 动名词
1.基本用法:动名词(-ing形式)作主语(Swimming is fun)、宾语(enjoy reading)或表语(Her hobby is painting)。
2.固定搭配:需接动名词的动词(avoid, finish, mind)和短语(feel like, be worth)。
3.易错点:部分动词后接动名词和不定式意义不同(如stop to do/stop doing),介词后必须用动名词(by studying)。
知识点二 不定式
1. 基本用法:不定式(to do)可作主语、宾语(如plan to do)、表语、定语(the way to solve)和状语(come to help)。
2. 省略to:使役动词(let/make/have)和感官动词(see/hear)后接不带to不定式(如make him cry)。
3. 易错辨析:
stop to do(停下做另一件事)vs stop doing(停止做某事)
remember/forget +to do(未做)vs +doing(已做)
知识点三 分词
1. 现在分词(doing)表主动或进行(如a smiling boy) 过去分词(done)表被动或完成(如a broken window) 2. 注意区分现在分词和动名词,现在分词强调动作进行(He is swimming)或主动特征(a sleeping cat);动名词表示活动/用途(Swimming is fun / a swimming pool)。 3. 过去分词作定语和表语的区别:作定语时修饰名词,表语则说明主语的状态或特征,如 “a broken cup”(作定语)和 “The cup is broken.”(作表语)。
针对性练习
一、单项选择
1.My mother often asks me ______ early.
A.get up B.getting up C.to get up D.got up
2.My dad advises me ________ to the news report every evening.
A.listen B.to listen C.listening D.listened
3.My mother often asks me ________ my homework before I watch TV.
A.finish B.to finish C.finishing D.finished
4.Every year, a lot of tourists go to Zhalong Nature Reserve ________ the birds.
A.to watch B.watched C.watches D.watch
5.Would you like ________ out for a while to relax yourself and have some fun
A.go B.to go C.going D.gone
6.I don’t know what ________ for my little sister.
A.reading B.buying C.to read D.to buy
7.As middle school students, we are expected ______ hard and happily in school.
A.working B.living C.to work D.to live
8.It’s very good of you to keep ________ the old in the neighbourhood nursing home.
A.serve B.to serve C.serving D.served
9.You should practise _________ from now on if you want to win the race.
A.run B.running C.runs D.to run
10.To keep healthy, we should pay attention to ________ masks.
A.wear B.wearing C.to wear
11.The family are busy ________ their living room for the coming Spring Festival.
A.decorating B.to decorate C.decorate
12.Maria minds eating junk food, so she refuses ________ potato chips often.
A.to having B.having C.have D.to have
13.Our headmaster will invite a scientist ________ us a speech on space technology.
A.give B.given C.giving D.to give
14.—Lingling, I’d love to go bike riding with you, but I have some homework ________.
—If you don’t go, neither will I.
A.finishing B.to finish C.finished D.finish
15.Anhui allocated 50 million yuan ________ preserve ancient villages and traditional handicrafts.
A.protect B.protecting C.to protect D.protected
16.—Do you know the women ________ clothes by the river
—I have no idea.
A.washing B.washed C.to wash D.washes
17.______ into a good high school, we teenagers should study harder than before.
A.Get B.Getting C.To get D.Gets
18.Our teachers always try to do what they can ________ us to understand the knowledge they teach.
A.help B.helping C.helps D.to help
19.How kind you are! You always do what you can ________ others.
A.helping B.to help C.helps
20.You can never imagine what great trouble I had ________ the poor boy and the little dog ________ were seriously hurt.
A.help; which B.to help; that C.helping; that D.helped; who
21.Every day he practices ________ the piano in order to realize his dream.
A.play B.playing C.to play
22.As middle school students, we should do everything we can ________ the environment.
A.to protect B.protecting C.protect D.protected
23.—I don’t know how to draw.
—Don’t worry. I’ll show you ________.
A.what to do it B.how to do C.how to do it
24.When you travel in tourist attractions, it is difficult to avoid ________ the product made by hand.
A.to buy B.buy
C.buying D.be bought
25.Students are encouraged ______ in various sports activities to develop teamwork skills.
A.participate B.to participate C.participating D.participated
参考答案
1.C
句意:我妈妈经常叫我早点起床。
考查非谓语动词。get up起床,动词原形;getting up动名词/现在分词形式;to get up动词不定式形式;got up过去式。句中谓语动词是asks,常用于句型ask sb. to do sth.“要求某人做某事”,因此这里应用动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选C。
2.B
句意:我爸爸建议我每天晚上听新闻报道。
考查非谓语动词。根据句子结构可知,这里考查的是固定搭配advise sb. to do sth.,意为“建议某人做某事”,其中to do sth.是动词不定式作宾语补足语。因此,这里应该用动词不定式to listen。故选B。
3.B
句意:在完成作业以前我的妈妈让我不要看电视。
考查动词搭配。finish完成,动词原形;to finish动词不定式;finishing动名词;finished过去式和过去分词形式。ask sb. to do sth.是固定搭配,意为要求某人做某事,所以此处用动词不定式to finish。故选B。
4.A
句意:每年都有很多游客前往扎龙自然保护区观鸟。
考查非谓语动词。to watch看,to do不定式;watched看,动词过去式;watches看,动词三单;watch看,动词原形。“to watch”是动词不定式作目的状语,表示去扎龙自然保护区的目的是看鸟,故选A。
5.B
句意:你想出去放松一下,找点乐子吗?
考查非谓语动词。根据would like to do sth.“想要做某事”可知,此处应用动词不定式to go。故选B。
6.D
句意:我不知道给我的妹妹买什么。
考查非谓语动词及动词辨析。reading阅读,现在分词或动名词形式;buying买,现在分词或动名词形式;to read阅读,动词不定式;to buy买,动词不定式。根据“I don’t know what … for my little sister.”可知,此处为“我不知道给妹妹买什么”,应用动词buy;在句中,“疑问词what + to do”作know的宾语,即what to buy。故选D。
7.C
句意:作为中学生,我们被期望在学校努力学习,快乐学习。
考查非谓语动词。根据“in school”可知,此处指努力学习,排除B项和D项;be expected to do sth.“被期望做某事”,是固定用法,排除A项。故选C。
8.C
句意:你真好,一直在附近的养老院为老人服务。
考查动名词作宾语。keep doing sth“一直做某事”,故选C。
9.B
句意:如果你想赢得比赛,你应该从现在起练习跑步。
考查非谓语动词。parctise doing sth.“练习做某事”,所以设空处选填动名词形式。故选B。
10.B
句意:为了保持健康,我们应该注意戴口罩。
考查非谓语动词。pay attention to doing sth“注意做某事”,此处to为介词,后接动名词wearing作宾语。故选B。
11.A
句意:全家人正忙着装饰客厅,迎接即将到来的春节。
考查非谓语动词。be busy doing sth“忙着做某事”,动名词作宾语,故选A。
12.D
句意:Maria介意吃垃圾食品,所以她经常拒绝吃薯片。
考查非谓语动词。refuse to do sth.“拒绝做某事”,应用动词不定式to have作宾语。故选D。
13.D
句意:我们的校长将邀请一位科学家为我们做一次关于空间技术的演讲。
考查非谓语动词。invite sb. to do sth.“邀请某人做某事”,动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选D。
14.B
句意:——玲玲,我很想和你一起去骑自行车,但我还有一些作业要完成。——如果你不去,我也不去。
考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,此处应用动词不定式作后置定语。故选B。
15.C
句意:安徽拨款5000万元用于保护古村落和传统手工艺。
考查非谓语动词。根据“allocated 50 million yuan”可知,拨款的目的是为了保护古村落和传统手工艺。此处应用protect的不定式形式to protect表示目的。故选C。
16.A
句意:——你认识在河边洗衣服的妇女吗?——我不认识。
考查现在分词作定语。washing洗,现在分词;washed过去分词,洗完了的;to wash洗,to do不定式;washes洗,动词三单。空前的“women”与“wash”之间为主动关系,应用现在分词,作后置定语,修饰“women”,表示“在洗衣服的妇女”。故选A。
17.C
句意:为了考上一所好的高中,我们青少年应该比以前更加努力地学习。
考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,“we teenagers should study harder than before.”的目的是“get into a good high school”,作目的状语用动词不定式。故选C。
18.D
句意:我们的老师总是尽力帮助我们理解他们所教的知识。
考查非谓语动词。根据“Our teachers always try to do what they can ... us to understand the knowledge they teach.”可知,“帮助我们理解他们所教的知识”是“老师们尽他们所能”的目的,用动词不定式作目的状语。故选D。
19.B
句意:你真好!你总是尽你所能帮助别人。
考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,“what you can”作do的宾语,是宾语从句,尽力去做能做的事情是为了帮助他人,此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故选B。
20.C
句意:你永远无法想象我在帮助那个可怜的男孩和那只严重受伤的小狗时遇到了多大的麻烦。
考查动名词及定语从句。have trouble doing sth为固定搭配,意为“做某事有困难”,故填helping;分析句子可知,第二个设空处是一个定语从句,先行词是“the poor boy and the little dog”,既有人又有物,故应用that来引导。故选C。
21.B
句意:为了实现他的梦想,他每天都练习弹钢琴。
考查非谓语动词。根据空前“practices”可知,此处考查practice doing sth.“练习做某事”,应用动名词形式playing作宾语。故选B。
22.A
句意:作为中学生,我们应该尽一切努力保护环境。
考查非谓语动词。根据“we should do everything we can...”可知,尽一切努力是为了保护环境,用不定式表目的。故选A。
23.C
句意:——我不会画画。——不要担心。我来告诉你怎么做。
考查疑问词与不定式的用法。do是及物动词,可用what to do或how to do it。结合“I don’t know how to draw.”可知用how to do it。故选C。
24.C
句意:当你在旅游景点旅行时,很难避免购买手工制作的产品。
考查非谓语动词。avoid doing sth.“避免做某事”,动名词作宾语。故选C。
25.B
句意:鼓励学生参加各种体育活动以培养团队合作技能。
考查非谓语动词。be encouraged to do sth.“被鼓励做某事”,此处动词不定式作主语补足语。故选B。
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