Unit 1 Looking forwards Understanding ideas 语言点 课件（共42张） 2024-2025学年高二英语外研版（2019）选择性必修4

(共42张PPT)
Unit 1 Understanding ideas
Facing the Future
面对未来
语言点课件
词汇短语复习巩固
Words and expressions
take action 采取行动 2
* boyhood n. (男性的）童年时期，少年时代 3
ambition n. 追求，理想 3
* trainee n. 接受工作培训的人； 实习生 3
correspondent n. 通讯员，记者 3
* bullfighting n. 斗牛 3
* historical adj. （有关）历史的 3
detective n. 私家侦探 3
ultimately adv. 最后，最终 4
* dot n. 点，小圆点 4
* backwards adv. 往回，往前面 4
重点词汇
1. _______________ n. (男性的)童年时期，少年时代
2. _______________ n．　　 通讯员；记者
3．_______________ n. 私家侦探
boyhood
correspondent
detective
词汇拓展
4. ______________ n．追求；理想；志气；抱负；雄心→ambitious adj.雄心勃勃的；有野心的
5．_______________ adv.最后；最终→ultimate adj.最后的
6. _______________ adj.(有关)历史的→history n．历史→historic adj.历史性的；有重大历史意义的
ambition
ultimately
historical
重点短语
1. _______________　 面对……
2．_______________ 采取行动
3．_______________ 发生在某人身上；某人所经历的
4．_______________ 在适当的位置
5．_______________ 在这方面
in the face of
take action
come one's way
in place
in this respect
6．_______________ 相比之下
7. _______________　　　　　　　　 与……比起来
8．_______________ 致力于；献身于
9．_______________ 集中于
10．_______________ 在压力下
11．_______________ 最终是；结果是
12．____________________________ 模仿 ；效仿某人
by contrast
compared to/with
devote oneself to
focus on
under pressure
turn out
take a leaf out of/from one's book
课文语法结构分析
1 For many of us, it’s something we already have experienced. One moment, we are lying comfortably in bed, about to fall into a deep sleep. The next, our eyes are open and we find ourselves wondering or even worrying about possibly the most important issue of our lives --- the future. Will we get into the school of our choice What will we be doing in ten years’ time Can we become the person we really want to be In the face of such questions, how should we approach the future Can we take action to shape it, or should we just accept whatever comes our way
省略who引导的定语从句，在从句中作表语。
我们许多人都有过这样的经历。前一刻，我们正惬意地躺在床上，即将进入深度睡眠，但下一刻，我们就睁开了双眼，发现自己在思考，甚至在担忧可能是人生中重要的事情 --- 未来。我们能进入心仪的学校吗？十年之后我们会在做什么？我们能够成为真正想成为的人吗？面对这些疑问，我们应该如何迎接未来呢？我们能否采取行动去影响未来，还有该全然接受现实给予我们的一切呢？
Facing the Future 面对未来
find + 宾语(ourselves) +宾补(wondering) 的复合宾语结构，“发现自己在做某事”。
Para. 1
省略which/that引导的定语从句，在从句中作宾语。
whatever引导宾语从句，作accept的宾语。
2 As many of us already know, having plans in place for the future is no guarantee that they will become reality. In this respect, some people are more fortunate than others, as can be illustrated by comparing the lives of two famous authors, born 40 years apart. Although they shared the same ambitious and energetic approach to life, their careers unfolded in contrasting ways.
Para. 2
as引导非限制性定语从句，对主句内容进行补充说明。
as引导非限制性定语从句，指代后面整句内容，在从句中作宾语，“正如”。
that引导同位语从句，是对guarantee进行解释说明。
正如我们许多人都知道的那样，对未来有计划并不能保证它们都会成为现实。就这一方面而言，一些人比别人更幸运，例如，有两位年龄相差40岁的著名作家，对比他们的人生就能证明这一点。虽然他们面对生活时都有远大的志向，而且精力充沛，但他们的职业生涯的发展却截然不同。
Although引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然”。
在这个方面
Facing the Future 面对未来
以截然不同的方式发展（=develop in different ways)
3 The American author, Ernest Hemingway, born in 1899, was from early boyhood single-minded in his ambition to write. On leaving high school, he joined a local Kansas newspaper as a trainee reporter. He went on to become foreign correspondent for the Toronto Star and used his extraordinary experiences in Europe and later Cuba to inform his writing. In his words, “I decided that I would write one story about each thing that I knew about.”
Para. 3
过去分词短语作非限制性定语，相当于who was born...引导非限制性定语从句。
美国作家欧内斯特 海明威生于1899年，他从小立志，一心一意想要成为作家。高中毕业后，他进入堪萨斯当地的一家报社做实习记者。此后，他又成为《多伦多星报》的一名驻外记者，根据在欧洲和后来在古巴的独特经历进行创作。他曾说：“我决定把我知道的每一件事都写成一个故事。”
that引导定语从句，修饰each thing，在从句中作介词about宾语。
Facing the Future 面对未来
on/upon doing... 一……就……， 相当于as soon as 引导的时间状语从句。
用某人的话来说
3 Having set himself this goal, he wrote novels and short stories based on his personal experiences of the First World War, the Spanish Civil War, bullfighting and deep-sea fishing, amongst others. His novel The Old Man and the Sea, about the three-day epic struggle between an elderly fisherman and the biggest fish he had ever caught, won the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1953. He would later go on to win the Nobel Prize in Literature.
Para. 3
过去分词短语作定语，
在立下这一目标后，他根据自己在第一次世界大战、西班牙内战、斗牛表演和深海捕鱼等的亲身经历，创作了许多长篇和短篇小说。他的小说《老人与海》讲述了一位老渔民与一条自己捕过的最大的鱼进行了三天艰苦卓绝搏斗的故事。这部小说于1953年获得普利策小说奖。海明威后来还荣获了诺贝尔文学奖。
省略that的定语从句，修饰the biggest fish，在从句中指物作宾语。
Facing the Future 面对未来
现在分词的完成式作时间状语，表示动作发生与谓语动作之前。
4 By contrast, the young Arthur Conan Doyle, born in Scotland in 1859, had originally worked as a doctor. But Doyle’s main ambition was to become a writer of historical novels. Although some of his historical novels were published, their success was nothing compared to the stories of his fictional detective, Sherlock Holmes, which he is still best known for to this day.
Para. 4
相比而言，1859年出生于苏格兰的亚瑟 柯南 道尔，原先是一名医生，但它最大的志向却是成为一名历史小说作家。虽然他出版过一些历史小说，但与他虚构出来的侦探夏洛克 福尔摩斯的故事相比，所取得的成功不可同日而语。直到现在，道尔最广为人知的作品仍是夏洛克 福尔摩斯的故事。
相比之下（作插入语）
与……相比不值一提
Although引导的让步状语从句，意思是“虽然”。。
Facing the Future 面对未来
which引导的非限制性定语从句，对Sherlock Holmes进行补充说明。
5 Interestingly, Doyle wrote some of his early Holmes stories while he was waiting for patients in his medical practice in London. After Sherlock Holmes made him a household name, Doyle gave up medicine and devoted himself entirely to writing. He still longed to become known for his historical novels amongst other academic works. The public, however, couldn’t get enough of Sherlock Holmes.
Para. 5
while引导时间状语从句,表示“在……时候，在……期间”。
After引导时间状语从句，表示“在……之后”。
有趣的是，一些早期的福尔摩斯故事是道尔在伦敦行医期间，在等候病人的时候创作的。在夏洛克 福尔摩斯让他变得家喻户晓后，道尔放弃了行医，全身心地投入创作。除了其他学术作品，他还是渴望自己能因历史小说而出名。然而，公众却对夏洛克 福尔摩斯的故事百读不厌。
devote oneself to (doing...) 致力于/献身于……（做……)
Facing the Future 面对未来
couldn’t get enough of 对……如痴如狂；对……没个够。
5 In desperation, Doyle killed off the famous detective in a novel published in 1893 so that he could focus on his “serious” writing. However, fans of Holmes were so angry that Doyle, under immense pressure, was forced to bring Holmes back from the dead. Doyle’s many historical novels, plays, poems and academic papers have remained largely forgotten, but Sherlock Holmes has been entertaining readers for well over a century.
Para. 5
so that引导目的状语从句，意思是“以便”。
绝望之下，道尔在一部出版于1893年的小说中杀死了这位著名的侦探，以便专心创作他的“严肃”作品。然而，福尔摩斯迷们对此感到非常愤怒，这使得道尔在巨大压力之下，不得不让福尔摩斯起死回生。道尔的很多小说、戏剧、诗歌和学术论文几乎都被人遗忘了，但夏洛克 福尔摩斯却在一个多世纪以来一直吸引着读者。
绝望之下；在绝望中
Facing the Future 面对未来
so... that引导结果状语从句，意思是“以致于”。
几乎被遗忘
远超过一个世纪
6 Though both of these men were ultimately successful, their paths to success were very different, their futures not necessarily turning out exactly as they planned. So, whatever twists and turns you might encounter, take a leaf out of the books of these two authors and be prepared for the unexpected. As renowned tech innovator Steve Jobs once said, “You can’t connect the dots looking forward; you can only connect them looking forwards. So you have to trust that the dots will somehow connect in your future.”
Para. 6
Though引导让步状语从句，意思是“尽管，虽然”。
虽然这两位作家最终都获得了成功，但他们的成功之路却截然不同，他们的未来也不一定完全如它们当初所计划的那样。因此，不管未来你会遇到怎样的坎坷和曲折，都应以这两位作者为榜样，做好应对意外的准备。正如著名的科技创新者史蒂夫 乔布斯所说：“你无法预见性地将生命中的点滴串联起来，只有在回头看时，你才会发现这些点滴之间的联系。所以你要坚信，你现在所经历的，将在你未来的生命中串联起来。”
“主语+现在分词短语”构成独立主格结构，作伴随状语。
Facing the Future 面对未来
as引导的方式状语从句，表示“照……的方式”。
whatever引导的让步状语从句，whatever意思是“无论什么，不管……”。
As引导非限制性定语从句，指后面整句内容。“正如，正像”。
that引导宾语从句，作trust的宾语。
课文翻译串讲
Facing the Future 面对未来
For many of us, it's something (we already have experienced). One moment, we are lying comfortably in bed, about to fall into a deep sleep. The next, our eyes are open and we find ourselves wondering or even worrying about possibly the most important issue of our lives --- the future. Will we get into the school of our choice What will we be doing in ten years’ time Can we become the person (we really want to be)定从 In the face of (面对)such questions, how should we approach the future Can we take action to shape it, or should we just accept whatever comes our way 我们许多人都有过这样的经历。前一刻，我们正惬意地躺在床上，即将进入深度睡眠。但下一刻，我们就睁开了双眼，发现自己在思考，甚至在担忧可能是人生中最重要的事情一一未来。我们能进入心仪的学校吗 十年之后我们会在做什么 我们能够成为真正想成为的人吗 面对这些疑问，我们应该如何迎接未来呢 我们能否采取行动去影响未来，还是该全然接受现实给予我们的一切呢
1
take action to do sth.采取行动做某事
It's time we got rid of these bad habits and take action to protect the environment. 我们是时候改掉这些坏习惯并且行动起来保护环境了。
come one’ way来临；遇到
No matter what comes our way, we will carry on.
无论在未来的路上遇到什么，一切我们都可以担当。
in the face of (= to be confronted with)面对
She showed great courage in the face of danger. 面对危险她表现出了巨大的勇气。《牛津词典》
2
As many of us already know, having plans (in place for the future) is no guarantee that they will become reality. In this respect, some people are more fortunate than others, [as can be illustrated by comparing the lives of two famous authors, (born 40 years apart)]. [Although they shared the same ambitious and energetic approach to life], their careers unfolded in contrasting ways. 正如我们许多人都知道的那样，对未来有计划并不能保证它们都会成为现实。就这一方面而言，一些人比别人更幸运，例如，有两位年龄相差40岁的著名作家，对比他们的人生就能证明这一点。虽然他们面对生活时都有远大的志向，而且精力充沛，但他们的职业生涯的发展却截然不同。
guarantee / ɡ r n ti /n.保证；担保
~ (that...) / ~ (of sth)起保证作用的事物
Career success is no guarantee of happiness.
事业成功并不是幸福的保证。
There's no guarantee that she'll come (= she may not come) . 不能保证她一定会来。
He gave me a guarantee that it would never happen again.
他向我保证这种事情绝不会再发生。《牛津词典》
in contrasting ways以对比方式contrasting adj. 差异大的
The book explores contrasting views of the poet's early work. 此书探讨了人们对这位诗人早期作品截然不同的观点。
in this respect在这方面
In this respect we are very fortunate.
在这方面，我们是很幸运的。《牛津词典》
No one could rival him in this respect.
这方面无人能与他匹敌。《新英汉大辞典》
I think my small studio has not helped in this respect. 我认为我的小工作室在这方面没有帮助。
3
The American author, Ernest Hemingway, (born in 1899), was [from early boyhood] single-minded in his ambition to write. [On leaving high school], he joined a local Kansas newspaper as a trainee reporter. He went on to become foreign correspondent (for the Toronto Star) and used his extraordinary experiences (in Europe and later Cuba) to inform his writing. 美国作家欧内斯特·海明威生于1899年，他从小立志，一心一意想要成为作家。高中毕业后，他进入堪萨斯当地的一家报社做实习记者。此后，他又成为《多伦多星报》的一名驻外记者，根据在欧洲和后来在古巴的独特经历进行创作。
On (doing) sth. 一……就……； 就在……之后
On arriving home I discovered they had gone.
我一到家就发现他们已经离开了。
Please report to reception on arrival.
到达后请立即到接待处报到。
There was a letter waiting for him on his return.
他一回来就有一封信在等着他看。
single-minded adj. 专心的；纯真的；真诚的；率直的
She is very single-minded about her career.
她一心专注于自己的事业。
He has not given up his ambition to beat the world record in the high jump. 他还未放弃打破跳高世界纪录的雄心壮志。
Li Bai studied very hard and had an ambition to serve the country in his youth. 李白小时候学习刻苦，青年时很想为国家做一番事业。
4
[By contrast], the young Authur Conan Doyle,(born in Scotland in1859), had originally worked as a doctor. But Doyle's main ambition was to become a writer of historical novels. [Although some of his historical novels were published]让步状语从句, their success was nothing [compared to the stories of his fictional detective, Sherlock Holmes, (which he is still best known for to this day)非限制性定语从句.]过去分词短语作比较状语 相比而言，1859年出生于苏格兰的亚瑟 柯南 道尔，原先是一名医生，但他最大的志向却是成为一名历史小说作家。虽然他出版过一些历史小说，但与他虚构出来的侦探夏洛克 福尔摩斯的故事相比，所取得的成功不可同日而语。直到现在，道尔最广为人知的作品仍是夏洛克 福尔摩斯的故事。
by contrast相比之下；与之相比
By contrast, there are some people who actually enjoy work. 相比之下，有一些人是真的喜欢工作。
By contrast, his brother is quite easygoing. 相比之下，他的兄弟比较好相处。
to this day 至今
To this day, I still don't understand why he did it.
我直到今天仍然不明白他当时为什么那样做。《牛津词典》
To this day, it's unclear whether he shot himself or was murdered.
直到今天，他是自杀还是被谋杀仍然不清楚。《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》
To this day, it is still a mystery. 直到今天，这仍然是个谜。
Interestingly, Doyle wrote some of his early Holmes stories while he was waiting for patients [in his medical practice in London]. After Sherlock Holmes made him a household name, Doyle gave up medicine and devoted himself entirely to writing. He still longed to become known for his historical novels [amongst other academic works]. The public, however, couldn't get enough of Sherlock Holmes. 有趣的是，一些早期的福尔摩斯故事是道尔在伦敦行医期间，在等候病人的时候创作的。在夏洛克·福尔摩斯让他变得家喻户晓后，道尔放弃了行医，全身心地投入创作。除了其他学术作品，他还是渴望自己能因历史小说而出名。然而，公众却对夏洛克 福尔摩斯的故事百读不厌。
while conj. 在……期间；在……的过程中
David rang up while you were out. 你不在的时候戴维打电话来了。《牛津词典》
Keep still while I brush your hair. 我给你梳头时你不要动。《牛津词典》
They met while on holiday in Greece. 他们是在希腊度假时认识的。《牛津词典》
Carry on with your work while I'm away. 我不在时你要接着干。《牛津词典》
5
get enough of 得到足够的（常用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中）
I don’t care for the speed but I can’t get enough of that safety gear.
我不在乎速度，但是我就是对那些安全装置百看不厌。
My late wife couldn’t get enough of this. 虽然我的前妻受不了这种东西。
You can never get enough of what you don’t really need. 那些并不是真正需要的东西，你永远觉得不够。
devoted himself entirely to 献身于
He devoted himself entirely to music. 他将一生奉献给了音乐。
Father devoted himself entirely to science. 父亲的一生都献给了科学。
5
[In desperation], Doyle killed off the famous detective [in a novel (published in 1893)] so that he could focus on his “serious"writing. However, fans of Holmes were so angry that Doyle, (under immense pressure), was forced to bring Holmes back from the dead. Doyle's many historical novels, plays, poems and academic papers have remained largely forgotten, but Sherlock Holmes has been entertaining readers [for well over a century]. 绝望之下，道你在一部出版于1893年的小说中杀死了这位著名的侦探，以便专心创作他的“严肃”作品。然而，福尔摩斯迷们对此感到非常愤怒，这使得道尔在巨大压力之下，不得不让福尔摩斯起死回生。道尔的很多历史小说、戏剧、诗歌和学术论文几乎都被人遗忘了，但夏洛克·福尔摩斯却在一个多世纪以来一直吸引着读者。
in desperation 绝望地；不顾一切地
In desperation, he returned home and knocked at the door. 绝望中，他回到家，敲了敲门。
Are you in desperation 你感觉绝望对不对？
Do you feel cold and lost in desperation 你感到寒冷吗？在绝望中迷失吗？
kill of 杀死；消灭; 灭绝
Some drugs kill off useful bacteria in the user's body.
某些药物会杀死服用者体内的有益细菌。《牛津词典》
Winters no longer get cold enough in many places to kill off different pests and diseases. 许多地方的冬天不再那么寒冷了，无法扼杀各类害虫和疾病。
under immense pressure 在巨大的压力下
Under the same immense pressure, however, they end up differently. 然而，在巨大的压力下他们却有完全不同的结局。
We worked under immense pressure.
我们在极大压力下工作。
6
[Though both of these men were ultimately (/ lt m tli/ adv. 最终，最后) successful], their paths to success were very different, their futures not necessarily turning out exactly [as they planned]. So, [whatever twists and turns you might encounter], take a leaf out of the books of these two authors and be prepared for the unexpected. As renowned tech innovator Steve Jobs once said,“You can't connect the dots (looking forward); you can only connect them (looking backwards). So you have to trust that the dots will somehow connect in your future." 虽然这两位作家最终都获得了成功，但他们的成功之路却截然不同，他们的未来也不一定完全如他们当初所计划的那样。因此，不管未来你会遇到怎样的坎坷和曲折，都应以这两位作者为榜样，做好应对意外的准备。正如著名的科技创新者史蒂夫·乔布斯所说:“你无法预见性地将生命中的点滴串联起来，只有在回头看时，你才会发现这些点滴之间的联系。所以你要坚信，你现在所经历的，将在你未来的生命中串联起来。”
twists and turns 迂回曲折
The car followed the twists and turns of the mountain road. 汽车沿着弯弯曲曲的山路行驶。《牛津词典》
The course of life never runs smoothly for it is full of ups and downs and twists and turns.
人生之路从不一帆风顺，因为它充满了起伏与曲折。
take a leaf out of someone's book 仿效某人，模仿某人
Whether or not they will take a leaf out of that book is another matter.
女人们是否能从这本书中得到教益是另外一回事。
You should take a leaf out of your brother's book and further your studies.
你应该以你哥哥为榜样，继续深造学业。
There are dots above the letters i and j.
字母i和j上面都有一点。《牛津词典》
For me, it's a game of connecting the dots. 对我来说，这就像一场连线游戏。
I learned how to move the dots around.
接着我学会了怎样移动这些小点。
词组短语用法解析
1. find + oneselves + doing
2. in the face of
3. come one’s way
4. doing sth.
5. in this respect
6. On doing ...
7. Having done...
8. by contrast
9. under immense pressure
10. be forced to do
11. turn out
12. take a leaf out of /from one’s book
词、短语及句型
1
find + oneselves + doing 发现自己在做某事
find + 宾语 + 宾补 结构表示 “发现，发觉（处于某状态、在做某事）”；“自我感觉；发现自己处于某种状态；发现自己的能力”
She woke up and found herself in a hospital bed. 她醒来发觉自己躺在医院的床上。
We came home and found him asleep on the sofa. 我们回到家发现他在沙发上睡着了。
I suddenly found myself running down the street. 我不知不觉突然在街上跑了起来。
They found her walking alone and depressed on the beach.
他们发现她独自一人、神情沮丧地走在海滩上。
It's not the first time that you've found yourself in this situation.
这已经不是你第一次意识到自己处于这种情形了。
I found myself having more fun than I had had in years.
我发现自己多年来从未玩得这样开心过。
The next, our eyes are open and we find ourselves wondering or even worrying about possibly the most important issue of our lives --- the future.但下一刻，我们就睁开了双眼，发现自己在思考，甚至在担忧可能是人生中重要的事情 --- 未来。(P2)
2
in the face of(=to be confronted with) 面对；面临
They won in the face of stiff competition from all over the world.
面对来自世界各地的激烈竞争，他们赢了。
She showed great courage in the face of danger.
面对危险她表现出了巨大的勇气。《牛津词典》
The government performed competently in the face of multiple challenges.
政府在面临多重挑战时表现得很出色。《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》
Jordan never gave up in the face of failure and finally he succeeded.
乔丹面对失败从不放弃，最终他成功了。
We need to have a positive attitude even in the face of difficulties.
即使面临困难，我们仍需要保持积极的态度。
In the face of such questions, how should we approach the future 面对这些疑问，我们应该如何迎接未来呢？(P2)
3
We’re determined to take every opportunity that comes our way.
我们决心抓住我们遇到的每一个机会。
You must be willing to accept the negative feelings that come your way.
你必须愿意接受出现在你面临的负面情绪。
I think a lot of what people consider luck is attributed to how you respond to the opportunities that come your way. 我认为人们所说的运气很大程度上取决于你如何应对出现在你面前的机遇。
A bit of good fortune came his way again.他又交好运了。
Creating the future you want is a lot easier if you are ready to take the opportunities that come your way.
如果你已经准备好利用你遇到的机会，创造你想要的未来会容易得多。
Can we take action to shape it, or should we just accept whatever comes our way 我们能否采取行动去影响未来，还有该全然接受现实给予我们的一切呢？(P2)
come one’s way(=to get or experience something, especially by chance) 发生在某人身上；可以被某人利用
4
doing sth. 动名词（短语）作主语，起名词作用。
Being polite and respectful can give us an advantage.
礼貌待人、尊重他人可以让我们获得优势。
Learning without thinking leads to confusion; thinking without learning ends in danger.
学而不思则罔, 思而不学则殆。
Being exposed to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one’s skin.
长时间暴晒对人的皮肤有害。
Learning from nature’s wisdom led farmers in Ancient China to create the 24 Solar Terms.
中国古代的农民借鉴大自然的智慧，创造了二十四节气。
Creating buildings such as these enables us to live in closer harmony with our environment. （B6U5T1P51)
创造这样的建筑物能够使我们与我们的环境更和谐地相处。
As many of us already know, having plans in place for the future is no guarantee that they will become reality.正如我们许多人都知道的那样，对未来有计划并不能保证它们都会成为现实。(P2)
5
in this respect 在这方面
In this respect we are very fortunate.
在这方面，我们是很幸运的。《牛津词典》
In this respect, writing is a lot like life itself.
从这个方面来说，写作就好比生活本身。
In this respect, China really does a better job than India.
在这方面中国比印度走得更快些。
No one could rival him in this respect.
这方面无人能与他匹敌。《新英汉大辞典》
In this respect, some people are more fortunate than others, as can be illustrated by comparing the lives of two famous authors, born 40 years apart.就这一方面而言，一些人比别人更幸运，例如，有两位年龄相差40岁的著名作家，对比他们的人生就能证明这一点。(P2)
6
On /Upon (doing) sth. ... 一……就……(=as soon as)介词短语
On arriving home I discovered they had gone.
我一到家就发现他们已经离开了。
Please report to reception on arrival. 到达后请立即到接待处报到。
On reaching the top of the hill, he began to telephone his friends.
他一到山顶就给他的朋友们打电话。
On hearing the alarm the fire brigade rushed to the scene.
消防队闻讯赶到。《新英汉大辞典》
On hearing the news, I changed my plan. 一听到这个消息，我改变了计划。
On seeing the gift they wanted, the kids screamed with delight.
看到他们想要的礼物，孩子们高兴得尖叫起来。
On leaving high school, he joined a local Kansas newspaper as a trainee reporter.高中毕业后，他进入堪萨斯当地的一家报社做实习记者。(P2)
7
Having done... 现在分词完成式作时间状语，与句子主语为逻辑上的主动关系，动作先于谓语动词动作发生。
Having finished the work, I felt very relaxed. 完成工作后，我感到非常轻松。
Having seen the whole terrible car accident, she was frightened to go out for walk at night. 看到整个可怕的车祸之后， 她晚上不敢出门散步了。
Having done these things, he went on again. 做完这些事，他又继续往前走。
Having done that, I feel comfortable saying that people rely on tools too much.
在这样做之后，我可以心安理得的说人们太依赖于工具了。
Having done that, she now could rest. 做完了这些事，现在她可以休息一下了。
The work (having been) done, he left the office. 做完工作后，他离开办公室。
Having set himself this goal, he wrote novels and short stories based on his personal experiences of the First World War, the Spanish Civil War, bullfighting and deep-sea fishing, amongst others.在立下这一目标后，他根据自己在第一次世界大战、西班牙内战、斗牛表演和深海捕鱼等的亲身经历，创作了许多长篇和短篇小说。(P3)
8
by contrast 相比之下；与之相比
By contrast, there are some people who actually enjoy work.
相比之下，有一些人是真的喜欢工作。
By contrast, his brother is quite easygoing. 相比之下，他的兄弟比较好相处。
When you look at their new system, ours seems very old-fashioned by contrast.
看一看他们的新系统，就显得我们的系统陈旧过时了。《牛津词典》
By contrast, the comparable figure for Canada is 16 percent.
对比之下，加拿大的可比数字是16%。《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》
In the United States, by contrast, 41% water goes for agriculture, almost all of it
for irrigation.
相反，美国41%的水投向了农业，并几乎全都用在了灌溉上。
By contrast, the young Arthur Conan Doyle, born in Scotland in 1859, had originally worked as a doctor.相比而言，1859年出生于苏格兰的亚瑟 柯南 道尔，原先是一名医生，但它最大的志向却是成为一名历史小说作家。 (P3)
9
under immense pressure 在巨大的压力下
under pressure 面临压力，在压力之下；受到压力
The incident puts him under immense pressure to complete the London concerts.
这起事件令他承受了完成伦敦演唱会的巨大压力。
Under the same immense pressure, however, they end up differently.
然而，在巨大的压力下他们却有完全不同的结局。
He can work under immense pressure. 他能够承受极强的工作压力。
We worked under immense pressure.我们在极大压力下工作。
Can you work under pressure 你能在压力下工作吗？
We admired his calmness under pressure. 我们佩服他在压力下的镇静。
Under pressure from the public, many regional governments cleaned up their beaches.
迫于公众的压力，许多地区政府治理了海滩污染。《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》
However, fans of Holmes were so angry that Doyle, under immense pressure, was forced to bring Holmes back from the dead. 然而，福尔摩斯迷们对此感到非常愤怒，这使得道尔在巨大压力之下，不得不让福尔摩斯起死回生。(P3)
10
be forced to do(=to be made to do something you do not want to do) 被迫做 ；被迫使做某事
I was forced to get up early this morning. 今天早上我被迫早起。
Car makers could be forced to cut down prices.
汽车制造商可能会被迫大幅度降价。
They were forced to stop the game because of heavy snow.
由于下大雪，他们被迫终止了比赛。《牛津词典》
I was forced to sign the agreement against my will.
我被迫违心地签了这份协议。
He was forced to retire because of ill health.
由于健康不佳，他只得退休。《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》
However, fans of Holmes were so angry that Doyle, under immense pressure, was forced to bring Holmes back from the dead. 然而，福尔摩斯迷们对此感到非常愤怒，这使得道尔在巨大压力之下，不得不让福尔摩斯起死回生。(P3)
11
turn out 生产；结果是
I feel certain that it will all turn out well.
我觉得最后肯定一切都会很好。《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》
You never know how your children will turn out.
很难说子女将来的发展怎样。《牛津词典》
I was positive things were going to turn out fine.
我当时就确信事情最终会好起来。《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》
No one could have foreseen (that) things would turn out this way.
谁都没有预料到事情的结果会这样。《牛津词典》
Things will turn out right. 情况会好起来的。
Though both of these men were ultimately successful, their paths to success were very different, their futures not necessarily turning out exactly as they planned.虽然这两位作家最终都获得了成功，但他们的成功之路却截然不同，他们的未来也不一定完全如它们当初所计划的那样。(P3)
12
take a leaf out of /from one’s book(=to copy the way someone else behaves because you want to be like them or be as successful as they are) 模仿；效仿某人；照着某人的做法做，向某人学习
I should take a leaf out of his book and invest some money in the stock market.
我应该向他学习，把一些钱投资到股票市场。
Whether or not they will take a leaf out of that book is another matter.
他们是否能以此为榜样，那是另一回事。
You should take a leaf out of your brother's book and further your studies.
你应该以你哥哥为榜样，继续深造学业。
We must take a leaf from his book and try to seek a good solution to it.
我们必须向他学习，试图找到解决这一问题的方法。
So, whatever twists and turns you might encounter, take a leaf out of the books of these two authors and be prepared for the unexpected.因此，不管未来你会遇到怎样的坎坷和曲折，都应以这两位作者为榜样，做好应对意外的准备。 (P3)
1. find + oneselves + doing
2. in the face of
3. come one’s way
4. doing sth.
5. in this respect
6. On doing ...
7. Having done...
8. by contrast
9. under immense pressure
10. be forced to do
11. turn out
12. take a leaf out of /from one’s book
发现自己在做某事
面对；面临
发生在某人身上；可以被某人利用
动名词（短语）作主语，起名词作用。
在这方面
一……就……(介词短语，作时间状语)
现在分词完成式作时间状语
相比之下；与之相比
复习回顾
在巨大的压力下
被迫做 ；被迫使做某事
生产；结果是
模仿/效仿某人；照着某人的做法做
单句语法填空
1. She published ____________ (history)novels, as well as a non-fiction study
of women in the British Empire.
2. This step can __________ (ultimate)save your valuable time and frustration.
3. At the end of the wood, the path ____________ (diverge)to the left.
4. The parents hand out red-dyed eggs, ____________ (symbolize)
happiness and the renewal of life.
5. New difficulties are constantly ____________ (arise)as we do the work.
6. Union leaders called for the active ____________ (participate)of all
members in the day of protest.
7. Even the modern generation is also facing with such ____________
(dilemma)every day.
8. George Granger has started a health centre and I know he’s looking for
____________ (qualify)staff.
historical
ultimately
diverges
symbolizing
arising
participation
dilemmas
qualified
Consolidation
语法填空
Mike is my good friend, 1. _______ always has 2. _______ optimistic attitude towards life. It impresses me deeply. I often think about Mike when I make a 3. _______ (choose). I learn from him: 4. _______ there are choices, take a positive(积极的)attitude instead of 5. _______ (lose)hope and getting 6. ___________ (disappoint).
Several years ago, I left the company where we 7. _______ (work) together and had a car accident. My legs were 8. _______ (serious) injured. When I was 9. _______ (lie) on the ground, I remembered that I had two choices: I could choose 10. _______ (live) or I could choose to die. Of course. I lived well.
who
an
choice
when/if
losing
disappointed
worked
seriously
lying
to live
Consolidation
Recite all the phrases we have learned in class.
Homework