Unit 1 Looking forwards Developing ideas Reading 语言点 课件（共35张） 2024-2025学年高二英语外研版（2019）选择性必修4

(共35张PPT)
Unit 1 Developing ideas
The Road Not Taken
未选择的路
语言点课件
词汇短语复习巩固
complex adj. 复杂的 10
* diverge v. （两条路）岔开，分开 8
* undergrowth n. （长在大树下或周边的）下木层，下层灌木丛 8
* numerous adj. 许多的，很多的 9
commercial n. （电影或电台的）商业广告 9
* thoughtful adj. 认真思考的，深思的 9
symbolize v. 象征，代表 9
alternative n. 可供选择的事物 9
* dilemma n. 进退两难的境地，困境 9
arise v. （由……)引起 9
circumstance n. 情况，情形 11
mixture n. 混合；混合体 12
affection n. 喜爱，钟爱 13
qualified adj. 合格的，胜任的 14
fluency n. 熟练，流利 14
sincerely adv.由衷地，真诚地， 真心实意地
14
yours sincerely 谨上，敬上，谨启（用于以某人名字开头的正式信件末尾） 14
refreshments n. 茶点，点心和饮料 15
shift n. （工厂、医院等轮班制中的）当班时间 15
Words and expressions
重点词汇
1._____________ adj.　　　 复杂的
2．_____________ n. (电视或电台的)商业广告
3．_____________ n. 可供选择的事物
adj. 可供选择的
4．_____________ v. (由……)引起；出现；发生；起身
complex
commercial
alternative
arise
5. _____________ n． 情况；情形
6．_____________ n. 茶点；食物和饮料
7．_____________ n. (工厂、医院等轮班制中的)当班时间
8．_____________ adj. 许多的；很多的
circumstance
refreshments
shift
numerous
词汇拓展
9. ___________ adj.认真思考的；深思的→thought n．思考；想法；主意
10．_____________ v．象征；代表→symbol n．象征； 符号
11．_____________ n．混合；混合体→mix v．混合
12．____________ n．喜爱；钟爱→affect v．影响；被感动；打动
thoughtful
symbolize
mixture
affection
13. _____________ adj.合格的；胜任的→qualification n．资格；资历
14．_____________ n．熟练；流利→fluent adj.流利的；流畅的→fluently adv.流利地；流畅地
15．_____________ adv.由衷的；真诚的；真心实意的→sincere adj.真诚的；诚挚的；诚恳的
qualified
fluency
sincerely
重点短语
1. _____________　　　　　　 以……为背景
2．_____________ 洞察；对……深刻理解
3．___________________ 不得不做……
4．_________________ 每天
5．_____________ 导致
6．_________________ 与……有共同点
be set in
insight into
cannot help but do
on a daily basis
result in
have...in common
7. _____________　　　　　 拒绝
8．__________________ 充分利用
9．_____________ 充当
10．_______________ 熟悉
11．____________________ 对……充满激情；酷爱……
12．_____________ 使苏醒过来；使更生动
turn down
make the most of
serve as
be familiar with
have a passion for
bring...to life
课文语法结构分析
金黄色林中两条路各奔一方，
可惜我无法兼顾，
身在旅途，我久久伫立，
极目望向一条路的尽头，
它蜿蜒拐进远方的灌木丛；
但我却选了另外一条路，公平公正。
抑或有更佳理由，
它荒草萋萋，诱人涉足；
即便如此，旅人的足迹
让两条路看起来相差无几，
Two roads diverged in a yellow wood,
And sorry I could not travel both
And be one traveler, long I stood
And looked down one as far as I could
To where it bent in the undergrowth;
Then took the others, as just as fair,
And having perhaps the better claim,
Because it was grassy and wanted wear;
Though as for that, the passing there
Had worn them really about the Same，
Preface
The Road Not Taken 未选择的路
俯视，向下看
as...as...公平公正， 作比较状语。
Though引导让步状语从句，“即便”(=even if)。
Preface
And both that morning equally lay
In leaves no step had trodden black.
Oh, I kept the first for another day!
Yet knowing how way leads on to way,
I doubted if I should ever come back.
I shall be telling this with a sign
Somewhere ages and ages hence:
Tow roads diverged in a wood, and I ---
I took the one less traveled by,
And that has made all the difference.
if引导宾语从句，作doubt宾语。
那天清晨落叶满地，
两条路都未经脚印污染。
啊，我留下第一条路改日再探！
明知道路径延绵，
我不确定是否还能回到这里。
也许多年之后在某个地方，
我会回顾往事轻声叹息；
树林中有两条路，
我选择了人迹较少的那一条，
从此，它为我带来了全新的人生轨迹。
The Road Not Taken 未选择的路
that引导定语从句，修饰上一行the one，在从句中作主语。
导致，引起
很久很久以后
过去分词短语作定语，修饰 the one。
1 Lines from the poem The Road Not Taken are often quoted in speeches of all kinds. The poem has been set to music by a number of artists and used in numerous television commercials. It has in fact become one of the most famous American poems of all time, not only because of its natural style, but also because of its thoughtful insights into human nature.
Para. 1
《未选择的路》这首诗中的诗句常常在各种演讲中被引用。许多艺术家为这首诗铺了曲，它还被运用于大量的电视广告之中。事实上，它已经成为美国历史上最著名的诗歌之一，这不仅是因为其自然的风格，还因为其对人性的深刻洞察。
The Road Not Taken 未选择的路
not only ...but also ...连接两个并列的介词短语because of 在句中作原因状语。
对……深刻洞察；悟透……意义
2 When reading The Road Not Taken, one cannot help but see in one’s mind images of a peaceful wood deep within the countryside. Paths in the woods are often used to symbolize how our lives progress and change. The lines “Two roads diverged in a yellow wood, / And sorry I could not travel both” give us a visual representation of the choices that we face and the decision that we need to make.
Para. 2
阅读《未选择的路》总会让人脑海中不禁浮现出乡村身处静谧的树林。林间小路往往象征我们人生中的进步和变化。“金黄色林中两条路各奔一方，可惜我无法兼顾”这两句话生动地展现了我们面临的选择以及需要作出的决定。
无法抑制/禁不住做某事
when引导时间状语从句，是省略主语one和系动词is的从句。
that引导定语从句，修饰the choices。
that引导定语从句，修饰the decisions。
2 Life throws many alternatives at us on a daily basis. These range from the basic “What should I wear today ” to the key issues of what subject to study at university or what job to do after graduation. Of course, the greatest dilemmas arise from moral problems, when we are uncertain which choice results in doing the right thing.
Para. 2
生活每天都会向我们抛出许多选择，不仅包括“我们今天应该穿什么”这样的小问题，也包括大学应该学什么专业或者毕业后应该做什么工作这样的重大问题。当然，最大的困境往往源于道德问题，因为我们不确定哪个选择才是正确的。
每日，每天
这里or连接两个并列的what...to do结构，作of的宾语。
when引导时间状语从句
which引导的从句，作uncertain的宾语。
3 Whether big or small, what all our choices have in common is that they lead to specific consequences. Once we make a decision, in most circumstances, there is no going back. Although the writer of the poem considers taking the other path another day, he knows it’s unlikely that he will ever have the opportunity to do so. Like the writer, all we can do is look backwards “with a sigh” and imagine what could have been.
Para. 3
what引导主语从句，并在从句中作宾语。
Whether引导的让步状语从句的省略形式，big之前省略all our choices.修饰the families。
无论我们的选择是大是小，它们都有一个共同点，那就是它们都会带来某种结果。在大多数情况下，一旦我们做了选择，就没有退路。虽然这首诗的作者考虑改天再探索另一条路，但是他也知道获得这种机会的可能性微乎其微。就像作者一样，我们能做的只有在回首往事时“轻声叹息”，幻想事情本可以成为什么样子。
that引导表语从句
在大多数情况下
The Road Not Taken 未选择的路
Once引导时间状语从句
Although引导让步状语从句，意思“虽然，尽管”。
it’s unlikely that...不太可能……; ……的可能性微乎其微。
省略that引导的定语从句，在从句中作宾语。
这里的look和imagine是不带to的不定式做表语，之所以不加to，原因是主语All后面有do，值得注意。
what引导宾语从句，作imagine的宾语。
4 This sigh, this wondering whether we made the right choice, is understandable. Although we may be free to choose which path to take, this choice isn’t easy when those two paths look similar. Presented with two job offers, for instance, we may wonder exactly what it is we’re choosing between. What if, in choosing one, we were unknowingly turning down other future opportunities Will we ever even find out whether we made the right choice
Para. 4
Although引导让步状语从句，意思是“虽然，尽管”。
这一声叹息，以及我们对是否作出了正确选择的顾虑都是可以理解的。虽然我们可以自由地选择走哪一条路，但是当两条看起来大同小异时，其实很难做选择。比如当我们同时面对两个工作机会时，我们可能会思索到底我们是在什么当中选择。如果我们选择了一份工作而在不知不觉中放弃了其他未来的机会，那该怎么办？而我们有甚至能否发现自己是否作出了正确的选择呢？
The Road Not Taken 未选择的路
when引导时间状语从句
过去分词短语作时间状语
what引导的宾语从句，作wonder的宾语。从句中又是一个省略that的强调句型的特殊疑问句式。
What if... 要是……该怎么办？
whether引导宾语从句，作find out的宾语。
5 Ultimately, the road ahead --- the road through our lives --- is a mixture of choice and chance. And when we are approaching the end of that road, how will we remember the journey How will we look back on our lives In the poem, the writer doubts his choice, thinking that in the future “ages and ages hence”, he may claim that he took the “less traveled” road.
Para. 5
最后，前方的路，也就是我们的人生之路，其实是由选择和机会交织而成的。当我们快走到尽头时，我们会如何铭记这段旅途？我们会如何回顾自己的一生？在这首诗中，作者质疑了自己的选择，在“多年之后”的未来，他可能会承认自己选择了一条“人迹较少”的路。
The Road Not Taken 未选择的路
when引导时间状语从句
that引导宾语从句，作thinking的宾语。
that引导宾语从句，作claim的宾语。
5 Some of us do take a more unusual path through life, and while it may be a harder one to follow, it can also lead to new adventures and experiences. Nonetheless, part of the art of decision-making is learning to make the most of our decisions. Instead of looking back with regret, we should be facing our future with energy and optimism, for the choices are ours, and ours only.
Para. 5
生活中确实会有一些人选择不寻常的道路，虽然路途更加艰难，但也会带来新的奇遇和经历。尽管如此，就做决定的艺术而言，一部分就在于学会充分利用我们的决定。我们应该积极乐观地面对未来，而非带着遗憾回顾过去，因为选择在于我们自己，而且它们只属于我们自己。
The Road Not Taken 未选择的路
while引导让步状语从句，意思是“尽管，虽然”。
这里learning...是动名词短语作表语，是对art的解释，与下面Instead of相呼应。
这里的for为并列连词，说明主句中should be facing our future的原因。
词组短语用法解析
1
alternative　n．可供选择的事物　adj.供选择的
①Maybe you can come up with an alternative solution to the problem.
或许你能想出一个其他的解决这个问题的方法。
②He told us that we were given two alternatives, to go swimming or to
play football.
他告诉我们，我们有两个选择，要么去游泳，要么去踢足球。
(教材P9)Life throws many alternatives at us on a daily basis.
生活每天都会给我们带来很多选择。
(1) have no alternative but to do sth.(＝have no choice but to do sth./cannot help but do sth.)别无选择只好做某事
have the alternative of doing sth.有做某事的选择
an alternative to... ……的替代品
(2) alternatively adv. 可供选择地
2
arise　v. (arose；arisen)(由……)引起；出现；发生；起身
arise from/out of　　　　　 由……而引起；
(＝result from) 从……中产生
①What should you do when one of these situations arises
如果其中某种情况发生了，你该如何应对呢？
②Unexpected difficulties arose in the course of their experiment.
在他们进行实验的过程中，出现了意想不到的困难。
(教材P9)Of course, the greatest dilemmas arise from moral problems, when we are uncertain which choice results in doing the right thing.当然，当我们不确定哪个选择会引导我们做正确的事情时，最大的困境来自道德问题。
2
arise　v. (arose；arisen)(由……)引起；出现；发生；起身
原形 过去式 过去分词 现在分词
arise vi.出现；发生；起身；起床 arose arisen arising
rise vi.升起；起身；增长；上升 rose risen rising
raise vt.举起；唤起；提高；饲养 raised raised raising
3
circumstance　n．情况；情形；条件；状况(常用复数形式circumstances)
in/under...circumstances　　 在……情况下
under/in no circumstances 决不；无论如何不(置于句首时句子要部分倒装)
financial/social/personal circumstances 经济/社会/个人状况
①Grants are awarded according to your financial circumstances.
补助金根据经济状况发放。
②Under the circumstances, it seemed better not to tell him about the accident.在这种情况下，不告诉他有关这次事故的情况似乎更好。
(教材P9)Once we make a decision, in most circumstances, there is no going back.
一旦我们做出决定，在大多数情况下，就不会再回头了。
4
for instance (=for example) 例如
1.If you smell something unusual (gas fumes or burning, for instance), take the car to your mechanic.
如果你闻到了异味（例如汽油味或燃烧味），就把车带给你的修理工。《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》
2.With major life traumas, like losing a loved one, for instance, the mind's first reaction is denial.
面对人生的重大创痛，例如失去深爱的人，心理的第一反应就是拒绝接受。《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》
5
make the most of 尽量利用；充分利用（指利用某种机会、资源或情况，以获得最大的好处。）
1.Happiness is the ability to make the most of what you have.
幸福就是充分享用你所拥有的一切的能力。《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》
2.It's my first trip abroad so I'm going to make the most of it.
这是我第一次出国，我要充分利用这个机会。《牛津词典》
3.I make the most of car rides.我充分利用外出兜风的机会。
4.Keep learning to make the most of your talents.不断学习，充分发挥自己的才能。
5.Instead of feeling sad by comparing yourself to others, you should make the most of what you have and be happy.与其与他人比较而感到悲伤，不如充分利用你所拥有的一切，高高兴兴的。
6
with regret 带有遗憾地(表示对某事感到遗憾或不情愿地做某事。)
regret sth./wh-/that从句 后悔/遗憾...
regret doing sth. 后悔做了某事
regret to do sth. 对要做某事感到遗憾
1.He felt a kind of happiness mingled with regret.
他感到既高兴又遗憾。《牛津词典》
3.Don't let his life with regret.不让自己的人生留有遗憾。
4.My heart swelled with regret.我的内心满是悔恨。
5.But she never looked back with regret.但她从未带着遗憾回首往事。
6.I hear with regret that a friend is ill.听说一个朋友病了，我感到很遗憾。
7
as opposed to (表示对比)而，相对于；与……相比
be opposed to 反对……； 不赞成……
1.What made you decide to become a Republican, as opposed to a Democrat
是什么使你决定成为共和党人，而不是民主党人呢？
2.Try to make home cooked meals as opposed to eating out.
尽量在家给他们做饭吃而不是到外面吃。
3.I would say that the king of New York right now is real estate as opposed to Wall Street.我想说，现在纽约的王者是房地产而不是华尔街。
4.The critical, as opposed to popular, reception of these novels in their own time was mixed.在他们所处的时代，人们对这些小说的评价是褒贬不一的。
5.She is opposed to your going abroad. 她非常反对你出国这件事。
8
live ... to the full 充实地度过; 过充实、充实的生活，充满了积极的经历和活动。
1.He was a guy who enjoyed life to the full.
他是个尽情享受生活乐趣的人。《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》
2.I've always believed in living life to the full.
我总是相信生活要尽量充实。《牛津词典》
3.Anyway, I live my life to the full.无论如何，我会尽全力过好每一天。
4.She certainly lives life to the full.当然她的日子过得很充实。
5.Anyway, I live my life to the full.无论如何，我会尽全力过好每一天。
9
cannot help but do... 不得不做某事；忍不住做某事
cannot help doing sth. 禁不住做某事
1.Therefore, I cannot help but suspect that there are some contradictions here.所以我不免有些怀疑这里头的矛盾。
2.I cannot help but admit the truth of your remarks, although they go against my interests.虽然你的言论违反我的利益，但我不得不承认你说的对。
3.That is why they cannot help but spend vast sums of money on cosmetics and fashionable clothing.
那就是为何她们会忍不住将大笔金钱花在化妆品和流行服饰上的原因。
4.You cannot help but be impressed by someone who chooses to volunteer their time towards a good cause.
但是你忍不住会对那些愿意奉献自己的时间去做好事的人印象深刻。
10
It’s unlikely that...不太可能……
It’s likely that... 很可能……
1.It's unlikely that you'll be asked to do anything too taxing.
不大可能叫你去做任何太费劲的事。《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》
2.All in all, at least at this stage, it's unlikely that online learning will evolve into the dominant form of education.总而言之，至少在现阶段，网上学习不太可能发展成为教育的主导形式。
3.After all, it's unlikely that everyone is wrong except you.
毕竟，除了你是对的大家都看错了，这是不太可能的。
4.It's unlikely that the next 18 months will see a similar improvement.
以后的18个月中不太可能有类似的改进。
1. alternative　
2. arise　v. (arose；arisen)
3. circumstance　
4. for instance (=for example) .
5. make the most of
6. with regret
7. as opposed to
8. live ... to the full
9. cannot help but do...
10. It’s unlikely that...
n．可供选择的事物
(由……)引起；出现
n．情况；情形
例如
尽量利用；充分利用
带有遗憾地
(表示对比)而，相对于
充实地度过; 过充实
复习回顾
不得不做某事
不太可能……
When reading The Road Not Taken, one cannot help but 1______(see) in one’s mind images of a peaceful wood deep within the countryside. Paths in the woods are often used to symbolize 2_____our lives progress and change.
Whether big 3______ small, what all our choices have in common is that they lead to specific consequences. Once we make a 4________(decide), in most circumstances, there is no going back. Although the writer of the poem considers 5________(take) the other path another day, he knows it’s 6________(like) that we will ever have the opportunity to do so.
see
how
or
decision
taking
unlikely
语法填空
Ultimately, the road ahead is a mixture of choice and chance. And when we 7________________(approach) the end of that road, how will we remember the journey How will we look back on our lives In the poem, the writer doubts his choice, 8________(think) that in the future , he may claim that he took the “9______(little) traveled” road.
Nonetheless , part of the art of decision-making is learning to make the most of our decisions. Instead of looking back with regret, we should be facing our future with energy and optimism, for the choices are _____(we) only.
are approaching
thinking
less
ours
语法填空
Write an article to talk about the road you have taken.
Homework