小学英语牛津上海版（试用本）五年级下册Module 3 Things around us 预习单

5B Module 3 Things around us 预习单
5BM3U1 Signs 知识点
★Grammar
核心语法：
1. 情态动词的不同语气
使用情态动词时要注意不同词的语气：
must > should > can 否定：mustn’t > shouldn’t > can’t
必须 应该 可以 禁止 不应该 不可以
例：You can't ride your bicycle here. 你不可以在这里骑自行车。
You mustn’t play football here. 你被禁止在这里踢球。
2. 祈使句的否定形式
（1）Don’t + 动词原形！ 例：Don’t litter! （=No littering!）
（2）No + doing ! 例：No swimming！ (= Don’t swim!)
3. get into 和get out of
get into 是“进入”的意思，它的反义词是“get out of”，意思是“出去”。
例：You can’t get into this room. Please get out of here.
你不能进入这个房间。请出去。
4. say
What does this sign say 这里的 say 不是“说”的意思，而是“写着”“显示”的意思。
例：The newspaper says it’s rainy tomorrow. 报纸上写着明天下雨。
The clock says three o’clock. 时钟显示三点钟。
5. leave
（1）leave sb. in ... 把某人留在某地
例：Don't leave the baby in the room. 不要把宝宝留在室内。
（2）leave 还有“离开”的意思
例：I leave home at a quarter to eight. 我7 点45 分离开家。
6. take sb. into ...
（1）take sb. into ... 带某人进入某地
例：The stepmother takes the children into the forest. 继母带孩子们进入了森林。
（2）into 也可换成to，即take sb. to... 带某人去某地。
例：The teacher takes us to the museum today. 今天老师带我们去博物馆。
7. 常见的禁令标志语
No smoking! 禁止吸烟！ No swimming! 禁止游泳！
Don’t litter! 不许乱丢垃圾！ Don't walk on the grass! 勿踏草坪！
Keep quiet! 不要大声喧哗！ No parking! 禁止停车！
Don’t use mobile phones!禁止使用手机！ Keep away！请勿靠近！
★NewWords and expressions
必背单词
sign标志；指示牌 telephone电话 smoking吸烟 swimming游泳 toilet厕所
bookshelf书架 litter乱扔 walk牵着（动物）走；遛 restaurant 餐厅 exit 出口
entrance入口 mean意味着
三会单词
become 成为；变成 drop（故意）使落下 follow 跟随
leave 把（某物或人）留在（原处）；留下 lost 迷路的 bench 长凳
throw rubbish path stepmother 继母扔 垃圾 小路
短语
on Sunday afternoon在星期天下午 ride his bicycle in the park在公园里其他的自行车
get into 进入 walk the dog遛狗 sit on the bench坐在长椅上 park keeper公园管理员
pick the flowers摘花 walk on the grass践踏草坪 get into the park进入公园
want to have a picnic in the park想要在公园里野餐 throw the rubbish扔垃圾
put some stones in his pocket在他口袋里放一些石头 drop the stones扔掉石头
say to herself对她自己说 the next day第二天 get out of出去 on the way to在去…的路上
in the middle of在…中间 find their way back home 找到了他们回家的路
stay here 呆在这里 come back later一会儿回来
★必背句型
（1）-What does this sign mean -It means we mustn’t swim.
这个标志是什么意思？它的意思是“禁止游泳”。
（2）-What does this sign say -It says “Entrance”.
这个标志上面写着什么？它上面写着“入口”。
（3）You can’t ride your bicycle here. 你不能在这里骑自行车。
（4）Don’t litter! 请勿乱扔垃圾！
（5）No smoking! 禁止吸烟！
（6）let’s have our picnic on the bench 让我们在长椅上野餐吧。
（7）The next day the stepmother takes the children into the forest.
第二天继母把孩子们带进了森林里。
（8）We can follow them back home. 我们可以跟随它们回家。
（9）Their father is very happy to see them again. 他们的父亲很高兴再见到他们。
（10）Look at the sign. 看这个标志。
音标：
/l/ l like late black blouse
/r/ r radio red grow grass
范文
Rules around us
There are many rules in our daily life, such as the traffic rules, the park rules, the school
rules and so on. Everyone should follow the traffic rules. We should cross the road on the
pavement. We can’t run or play in the street. We should stop when the traffic lights are
red.We should also follow the park rules. Don’t pick the flowers. Don’t climb the trees. We
mustn’t play with fire in the park. We should keep the rules.
5BM3U2Weather 知识点
★Grammar
核心语法：
1. 表示天气的词
cloud, rain, snow 等名词后面加上-y, 就构成了描述相应天气的形容词。
例：cloud 云——cloudy 多云的 rain 雨——rainy 下雨的
snow 雪——snowy 下雪的 storm 暴风雨——stormy 有暴风雨的
fog 雾——foggy 有雾的 wind 风——windy 有风的
sun 太阳——sunny 晴朗的
另外，形容天气状况的词还有 wet（潮湿的）和 dry（干燥的）
2. 天气的问答
(1) What’s the weather like today = How’s the weather today？ 今天天气怎么样？
(2) 4 种不同时态的天气描述
例：一般过去时：What was the weather like yesterday It was snowy.
昨天天气怎么样？ 昨天是下雪的。
What was the temperature yesterday It was 5 degrees.
昨天气温多少？ 昨天气温是 5度。
一般现在时：What’s the weather like today It’s sunny.
今天天气怎么样？ 今天是晴朗的。
What’s the temperature today It’s 30 degrees.
今天气温多少？ 今天气温是 30 度。
一般将来时：It will be windy tonight. 今晚是有风的。
We will have heavy rain and a strong wind tomorrow. 明天将会有强降雨和大风。
现在进行时：The wind is blowing strongly. 风刮得很大。
(3) yesterday, today, tonight, tomorrow 这些词既可以放在句首，也可以放在句末。
3. help sb. do sth. 帮助某人做某事
例：I often help my mum do housework. 我经常帮妈妈做家务。
The rain helps my plants grow. 雨水能帮助我的农作物生长。
4. make
(1) make:使得 （make sb./sth. + 形）
例：The sun makes my plants strong. 阳光使我的农作物茁壮生长。
Swimming makes me healthy. 游泳使我健康。
(2) make: 制作，制造
例：I can make a robot for you. 我可以为你制作一个机器人。
5. heavy
(1) heavy 猛烈的 例：The wind is heavy. 风很猛烈。
(2) heavy 沉重的 例：The box is heavy. 箱子很重。
★New Words and expressions
必背单词
cloud云 cloudy多云的 rain雨 rainy下雨的 snow雪 snowy 下雪多的
fog雾 foggy 有雾的 wind风 windy 有风的 sun太阳 sunny晴朗的
storm暴风雨 stormy有暴雨的 degree度（温度单位） make使；让 today今天
weather天气 yesterday昨天 tomorrow明天 built (build过去式)建造
三会单词
temperature 温度 grew 生长；种植（过去式） tonight 在今晚 typhoon 台风
comfortable 舒服的；安逸的
短语
the weather report天气预报 help my plants grow帮助我的植物（庄稼）生长
a strong wind一阵大风 blow my plants down把我的庄稼吹倒了
the East China Sea中国东海 like windy weather喜欢有风的天气
a long time ago很久以前 come from the East China Sea.来自中国东海
heavy rain大雨 cut the rice收割稻子 plant some rice种稻子
thirty degrees三十度 enjoy himself他感觉很惬意 stay in his house待在他的房子里
★必背句型
(1) -What’s the weather like today -It’s rainy. 今天天气怎么样？下雨了。
(2)-What was the weather like yesterday 今天天气怎么样？
-It was rainy yesterday. 昨天下雨了。
(3) I like the rain. It helps my plants grow. 我喜欢下雨。雨水能帮助我的农作物生长。
(4) I don’t like the rain. I like sunny weather. 我不喜欢雨。我喜欢晴天。
(5) I like the sun. It makes my plants strong. 我喜欢太阳。它让我的农作物茁壮生长。
(6) -What’s the temperature -It’s 27 degrees. 现在气温是多少？ 27 度。
(7)We will have heavy rain and a strong wind tomorrow. 明天将会有强降雨和大风。
(8)We had a hot and sunny day yesterday. 我们昨天度过了又热又晒的一天。
音标：
/θ/ th third think thing throw / / th this these that those
three thin through the there then
month mouth moth tooth they them their
fourth south health mother father weather
with smooth clothes
范文
Weather
It was cloudy and cold yesterday. I stayed at home and read books. It is sunny and warm
today. It’s 25 degrees. I go to the park and have a picnic with my parents. It will be sunny
tomorrow. I will play basketball with my friends tomorrow afternoon.
5BM3U3 Changes 知识点
★Grammar
核心语法：
1. 用过去时和现在时表达家具位置的变化：
“was/were”表明过去的情况，“is/are”表明现在的情况
例：-Look at the living room. What’s different 看看客厅，有什么变化？
-The sofa was under the shelf. Now it is under the window.
沙发原来在架子下面，现在它在窗户下面。
2. surprise
(1) surprise 做名词，意思是“让人惊喜的事”。
例：Tomorrow is Lucy's birthday. Let’s give her a surprise.
明天是露茜的生日，让我们给他一个惊喜吧。
(2) surprise 的形容词是surprised，意思是“惊奇的，惊讶的”。
例：The teacher is surprised. All his students are not in the classroom.
老师很惊讶。所有的学生都不在教室里。
3. 一般将来时
(1) will + do/be
例：It will be windy tomorrow. 明天是有风的。
(2) be doing (后面跟表示将来的时间词)
例：Dad is coming home next week. 爸爸下周回家。
4. furniture:“家具” (不可数名词),包括bed, table, desk, chair, sofa, cupboard, bookshelf 等。
一件家具 a piece of furniture 很多家具much furniture
5. Sounds fun.
Sounds fun. 这是个省略句。完整的说法是“It sounds fun.”
6. put
put 可与介词搭配，如put ... under/next to/in/on/behind/in front of/near/...
例：Let’s put the sofa under the window first. 首先让我们把沙发放到窗户下面。
7. 感官动词+形容词
(1) look 看起来 例：The living room looks different. 客厅看起来不一样了。
(2) sound 听起来 例：It sounds fun. 这听起来很有趣。
(3) taste 尝起来 例：The apple tastes sweet. 这个苹果尝起来很甜。
(4) feel 摸起来 例：The pineapple feels rough. 菠萝摸上去很粗糙。
(5) smell 闻起来 例：The flower smells nice. 花闻起来很香。
8. change
(1) change 做名词，意思是“变化”，复数形式是changes.
例：There are a lot of changes in Shanghai every year. 上海每年都发生很多变化。
(2) change 做动词，意思也是“变化”
Wild geese change homes twice every year. 大雁每年迁徙两次。
9. ago
ago ：“以前”，作副词。 通常与表一段时间的短语连用，整个句子要用一般过去时。
例：two days ago 两天前 three years ago 三年前 a few minutes ago 几分钟前
I saw him three weeks ago. 我三周前见过他。
10. many of them
many of them 意思是“他们中的许多人”，类似的表达还有 some of them
例：Some of them move to other places. 他们中的一些人搬到了其他地方。
★New Words and expressions
必背单词
bookshelf 书架 mirror 镜子 cupboard 橱柜；衣柜 bed 床 mirror 镜子 lamp 灯
cushion 坐垫；靠垫 sofa 沙发 furniture 家具 wall 墙 window 窗 clock钟
give 给 move 移动 next 下一个的 change 变化 fisherman 渔夫(复数: fishermen)
三会单词
country 国；国家 fisherman 渔民;渔夫(复数: fishermen) history 历史 later 以后;随后 shelf
架子 surprise 惊喜 surprised 惊讶的 town 镇；城镇 village 乡村；村庄
remember 记住 ago 以前 city 城市
词组
come home next week下周回家 give sb. a surprise 给某人一个惊喜 a small village一个小村庄
move the furniture 移动家具 changes in Shanghai上海的变化 many years ago 许多年以前
from other places 来自其他地方 the Shanghai History Museum 上海历史博物馆
tell the story of ... 讲述了… 的故事 photos of ... …的相片 come to Shanghai 来到上海 a
small village 一个小村庄 look different看上去不一样 many of them 他们中的许多 from
other countries来自其他的国家 become a town 成为一个城镇 some of them 他们中的一些
a lot of tall buildings许多高楼 many other old things许多其他老的东西
★必背句型
(1) Let’s move the furniture! 我们把家具挪一挪位置吧！
(2) Let’s put the sofa under the window first. And we can put the table next to the wall.
我们把沙发放到窗户下面，然后我们可以把桌子放到墙边。
(3) The sofa was under the shelf. Now it’s under the window.
沙发原来在架子下面，现在它在窗户下面。
(4) The living room looks different! 客厅看起来不一样了!
(5) What else 还有什么
(6) Are there any changes in our living room？我们客厅里有没有什么变化呀
(7) Many of them were fishermen and farmers.他们中的许多人是渔夫和农民。
音标：
/ei/ crayon /ai/ sky / i/ noisy
/i / cheer /ε / chair /u / sure
/ u/ blow /au/ cloud
/m/ milk /n/ name / / sing
/j/ yes /h/ him /w/ week
/l/ like /r/ red
/θ/ three / / there
范文
Changes in my bedroom
There are some changes in my bedroom. It was untidy yesterday.But now it’s clean and
tidy. The model plane was on the chair. Now it is on the shelf. My T-shirt was on the bed.
Now it is in the cupboard. I am happy with the changes in my bedroom.