(共80张PPT)
专题2 代词
语法导航 知识点构主干
砥志研思 语法点摸脉络
人称代词、物主代词与反身代词
考法1 人称代词、物主代词与反身代词一览表
类别
人称 人称代词 物主代词 反身代词
主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性
第一
人称 单数 I me my mine myself
复数 we us our ours ourselves
类别
人称 人称代词 物主代词 反身代词
主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性
第二
人称 单数 you you your yours yourself
复数 yourselves
第三
人称 单数 he him his his himself
she her her hers herself
it it its its itself
复数 they them their theirs themselves
考法2 人称代词的用法
类别 用法 例句
主格 作主语，用在谓语动词前 He works in the post office．
宾格 作宾语，用在动词或介词之后，动作行为的对象 Please help me carry the box．
He often plays games with me．
考法3 物主代词的用法
类别 用法 例句
形容词性物主代词 相当于形容词，位于名词前，作定语 May I use your pen？
名词性物主代词 相当于名词(＝形容词性物主代词＋名词)，后面不能跟名词。常作主语、宾语或表语 This is my book．Yours is on the desk．
Tom's bike was broken．He is using mine．
This is my desk and that's hers．
考法4 反身代词的用法
用法 例句
作宾语，用在动词或介词之后 They enjoyed themselves on the beach yesterday．
You should take care of yourself．
作同位语，用在名词、代词之后 The box itself is not heavy．
作表语，用在系动词之后 I'm not feeling myself today．
【拓展】 反身代词的常用搭配
dress oneself 自己穿衣服
by oneself 单独地；独自地
help oneself (to) 随便吃(食物等)
keep something to oneself 保密
teach oneself 自学
learn by oneself 自学
enjoy oneself 玩得愉快
lose oneself in 对……入迷；专注于
hurt oneself 伤害自己
introduce oneself 自我介绍
say to oneself 自言自语
leave sb．by oneself 把某人单独留下
不定代词
考法1 普通不定代词
other，the other，others，the others与another
词汇 意义 用法
other 其他的 作定语，常与可数名词复数连用
the other ①(两者中)另一个
②另一些(特定范围内剩余全部) 常用于“one...the other...”表示“一个(一些)……，另一个(另一些)……”
词汇 意义 用法
others 其他的人或物 表泛指，常用于“some...others...”，表示“一些……，其他的……”
the others 其余所有的人或物 所指代的对象有范围，只能作主语或宾语
another 另一个 指三者或三者以上的“另一个”，表泛指
(2)either，neither，both，all与none
词汇 含义 谓语形式 常用搭配
either (两者)任何一个 单数 either...or...
或者……或者……
neither (两者) 都不 单数或复数 neither...nor...
既不……也不……
both (两者)都 复数 both...and...
……和……都
词汇 含义 谓语形式 常用搭配
all (三者或三者以上)都 单数或复数 /
none (三者或三者以上)都不 单数或复数 /
相同点：都能与of短语连用，且能在句中作主语
(3) a little，little，a few与few
肯定意义 否定意义 所修饰的名词
a little 一点儿 little 几乎没有 不可数名词
a few 几个 few 几乎没有 可数名词复数
考法2 复合不定代词
somebody某人 anybody任何人 nobody没有人 everybody每个人
someone某人 anyone任何人 no one没有人 everyone每个人
something某事 anything任何事 nothing没有什么 everything每件事
【拓展】 不定代词的常用句型
①There is something wrong with...
……出问题了。
②...have/has something/nothing to do with...
……与……有关/无关。
③...have/has nothing against doing sth．
……毫不反对做某事。
指示代词、疑问代词与it的用法
考法1 指示代词
词汇 用法
this/these (1)指代在空间或时间上离自己较近的人或物，单数用this，复数用these；
(2)this指代下文将要提到的人或物
词汇 用法
that/those (1)指代在空间或时间上离自己较远的人或物，单数用that，复数用those；
(2)that指代上文提到的人或物；
(3)为了避免重复前面提到的名词，that代替可数名词单数或不可数名词，those代替可数名词复数
考法2 疑问代词
指代情况 主格 宾格 所有格
指人 who whom whose
指物 what(无范围限制)
指人或物 which(有范围限制)
(1)作形式主语
it作形式主语的常用句型：
考法3 it的用法
(2)作形式宾语
it作形式宾语时，真正的宾语是动词不定式或从句，常用在find，think，make，consider，feel 等动词之后。
I find it easy to get on with him．
我发现和他相处很简单。
【拓展】 it，one 与that辨析
词汇 用法 例句
it 指代上文提到的同一个事物 I have a bike．It is red．
one 指代上文提到的同一类事物中的一个，复数用ones Your watch is nice．I want to buy one．
that 常用于比较结构中，代替可数名词单数或者不可数名词，复数用ones The weather in Tai'an is hotter than that in Shenyang．
1．(2024·菏泽中考)—Hey! Our father's birthday is coming．
—Let's buy a T-shirt for ________ this afternoon．
A．him B．her C．you
A [句意：——嘿！我们爸爸的生日快到了。——今天下午我们给他买件T恤吧。考查代词。him他；her她；you你，你们。根据“Our father's birthday is coming．”可知，此处指爸爸，用him作宾语。故选A。]
√
2．(2024·东营中考)—Mom，which club should I choose，the art club or the science club
—It's up to ________．Just follow your heart．
A．me B．us
C．you D．them
√
C [句意：——妈妈，我应该选择哪个俱乐部，艺术俱乐部还是科学俱乐部？——这取决于你。跟着你的心走。考查代词。me我；us我们；you你；them他们。根据“Just follow your heart．”可知，此处指选择哪个俱乐部都取决于“你”，跟着自己的心走。故选C。]
3．(2024·东营中考)—It is my first time taking a vacation in Dongying．
—Me too．______ here is so nice．I love the city．
A．Nothing B．Anything
C．Something D．Everything
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D [句意：——这是我第一次在东营度假。——我也是。这里的一切都很好。我爱这个城市。考查代词。Nothing无事；Anything任何事；Something某事；Everything一切。根据“I love the city．”可知，喜欢这个城市，所以一切都很好。故选D。]
4．(2024·滨州中考)—I heard that people in Paris stood in a long line to buy Chinese xiaolongbao．
—Yes，________ could say no to it there．
A．everybody B．nobody
C．somebody D．anybody
√
B [句意：——我听说巴黎的人们排着长队买中国的小笼包。——是的，那里没有人能拒绝它。考查不定代词。everybody每个人；nobody没有人；somebody某人；anybody任何人。根据“people in Paris stood in a long line”可知，巴黎的人们排长队买小笼包，故可知没有人能够拒绝小笼包。故选B。]
5．(2024·常州中考)Little Mary was proud of ________because she taught Uncle Li how to borrow books online．
A．herself B．hers
C．she D．her
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A [句意：小玛丽为自己感到骄傲，因为她教李叔叔如何在网上借书。考查代词。herself她自己；hers她的；she她；her她/她的。根据“Little Mary was proud of ______ because she taught Uncle Li how to borrow books online．”可知，此处指为她自己感到骄傲。故选A。]
6．(2024·天津中考)When ________ parents went away on business，I looked after________．
A．my; myself B．my; mine
C．me; myself D．me; mine
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A [句意：我父母出差时，我自己照顾自己。考查代词。my我的，形容词性物主代词；myself我自己，反身代词；mine我的，名词性物主代词；me我，宾格。第一处作定语修饰parents，用形容词性物主代词；第二处主语和宾语是同一人，所以是“照顾自己”，用反身代词。故选A。]
7．(2024·雅安中考)—Tommy，is there ________ in the classroom now？
—No．All the students are having a P．E．lesson on the playground．
A．everybody B．somebody
C．anybody D．nobody
√
C [句意：——汤米，现在教室里有人吗？——没有。所有的学生都在操场上上体育课。考查代词。everybody所有人；somebody某人，一般用于肯定句中；anybody任何人，一般用于否定句或疑问句中；nobody没有人。此处是一般疑问句，询问教室里是否有人，应用anybody。故选C。]
8．(2024·雅安中考)—Amy，there is a book on the floor．Is it ________？
—No，it's not mine．My book is on the desk．
A．you B．yours
C．your D．yourself
√
B [句意：——艾米，地上有本书。它是你的吗？——不，不是我的。我的书在桌子上。考查代词。you你，人称代词；yours你的，名词性物主代词；your你的，形容词性物主代词；yourself你自己，反身代词。空格后没有名词，此处指这本书是你的吗，故用名词性物主代词yours，指代your book。故选B。]
9．(2024·河北中考)—Mary，is this your sister's smart watch？
—No，________ is pink．
A．his B．mine
C．hers D．yours
√
C [句意：——玛丽，这是你姐姐的智能手表吗？——不，她的是粉色的。考查代词。his他的；mine我的；hers她的；yours你的。此处指第三人称“我”的姐姐的手表是粉色的，应用物主代词hers。故选C。]
10．(2024·广西中考)—Andy，who are the girls over there
—________ are my sisters，Lily and Lucy．
A．They B．We C．You
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A [句意：——安迪，那边的女孩们是谁？——她们是我的姐妹，莉莉和露西。考查代词。They她们；We我们；You你们。根据“Andy，who are the girls over there？”可知，询问那边的女孩们是谁，答语应该说“她们是……”。故选A。]
课时规范训练(二十七)
考查范围：专题2 代词
(建议用时 30分钟)
一、根据汉语提示填写单词或短语(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)
1．(2024·扬州中考)Some of ___ (我们) are better at helping others than we are at looking after ourselves．
us [句意：我们中有些人更善于帮助别人，而不是照顾自己。根据“Some of”及汉语提示可知，介词of后应跟宾格代词us“我们”。故填us。]
us
2．(2024·云南中考)Knowing _________(互相) is the first step to make friends．
each other [句意：互相了解是交朋友的第一步。each other“互相”，作knowing的宾语，故填each other。]
each other
3．(2024·南京中考)________ (没有人) likes to be treated rudely．Be polite!
Nobody [句意：没有人喜欢被粗鲁对待。要有礼貌！没有人：nobody，复合不定代词。故填Nobody。]
Nobody
4．(2024·武威中考)The small boy was not old enough to dress ______ (他自己)．
himself [句意：那个小男孩还不够大，不能自己穿衣服。根据汉语提示“他自己”可知，英文表达是himself，dress oneself意为“自己穿衣服”。故填himself。]
himself
5．(2024·济宁三模)—Is this scarf yours
—Yes，it's _____ (我的)．Thanks for finding it!
mine [句意：——这条围巾是你的吗？——是的，它是我的。谢谢你找到它！根据中文提示和句意可知，此处指这条围巾是“我”的，空后没有名词，此处应用名词性物主代词mine。故填mine。]
mine
6．(2024·四川宜宾二模)My mother said to me，“All the things in our life should be done by ________ (我们自己)．”
ourselves [句意：我妈妈对我说：“我们生活中的所有事情都应该由我们自己完成”。by oneself“独自”，根据中文提示可知，此空应填反身代词ourselves“我们自己”。故填ourselves。]
ourselves
7．(2024·江苏昆山一模)It's important to remember that you should always be ________ (你自己)．
yourself [句意：重要的是要记住，你应该永远做你自己。yourself“你自己”，反身代词。故填yourself。]
yourself
8．(2024·云南模拟)Mrs Li ______________ (对我们严格)，but we like her very much．
is strict with us [句意：李老师对我们很严格，但我们很喜欢她。根据汉语提示可知，形容词短语be strict with sb．“对某人严格”符合句意；根据“but we like her very much”可知，本句时态为一般现在时，主语Mrs Li为第三人称单数，be动词要用is；us“我们”作介词宾语。故填is strict with us。]
is strict with us
9．(2024·甘肃武威二模)My grandma always tells me ________ (没有什么) is more important than health．
nothing [句意：我的奶奶总是告诉我，没有什么是比健康更重要的。根据提示词 “没有什么” 可知，此处应为不定代词“nothing”作宾语从句的主语。故填nothing。]
nothing
10．(2024·江苏南京一模)—Would you like green tea or black tea
—Thanks a lot．______ (两者之一) will be OK．
Either [句意：——你想要绿茶还是红茶？ ——非常感谢。任何一个都可以。根据“Would you like green tea or black tea？”及中文可知，此空填either“两者之一”，句首首字母大写。故填Either。]
Either
二、单项选择(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)
1．(2024·牡丹江中考)—Who cooked the hot dry noodles for you？They're delicious．
— ________ ．I learned to cook them by myself on the Internet．
A．Everybody B．Somebody C．Nobody
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C [句意：——谁给你煮的热干面？它们是美味的。——没有人。我自己在网上学会的。考查不定代词。everybody每个人；somebody某人；nobody没有人。根据“I learned to cook them by myself on the Internet．”可知，自己在网上学会的，所以此处指没有人给自己煮。故选C。]
2．(2024·无锡中考)We're looking for ________ who can deal with the new computer virus．
A．someone B．everyone
C．something D．everything
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A [句意：我们在找一个能对付这种新型电脑病毒的人。考查代词。someone某人；everyone每个人；something某事；everything每件事。根据“We're looking for...who can deal with the new computer virus．”可知，找一个能对付这种新型电脑病毒的人，用someone。故选A。]
3．(2024·吉林中考)Running is getting popular．It is good for our health and it costs ________．
A．nothing B．everything C．anything
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A [句意：跑步越来越受欢迎。它对我们的健康有益，而且不花费什么钱。考查代词。nothing没有什么；everything一切；anything任何事情。根据常识可知，跑步并不花费什么钱。故选A。]
4．(2024·扬州中考)“What's that？” is ________ of the first things that children say．
A．some B．each
C．one D．that
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C [句意：“那是什么？”这是孩子们说的第一句话。考查代词。some一些；each每个；one一；that那。“What's that？”是孩子们说的一句话，one of the＋名词复数，表“……之一”。故选C。]
5．(2023·东营中考)—Lily，put your books into your schoolbag．
—They're not ________．They are Lucy's．
A．his B．hers
C．mine D．yours
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C [句意：——莉莉，把你的书放进书包里。——它们不是我的。它们是露西的。考查物主代词。his他的；hers她的；mine我的；yours你的。根据“Lily，put your books into your schoolbag．”可知，回答的人就是莉莉，要表示“不是我的(书)”，后面没有名词，要用名词性物主代词mine。]
6．(2023·滨州中考)—Chinese chess player Ding Liren has done ________ he can in chess and has put all that he has into the games．
—Yes，and he has become chess world champion(冠军) recently．
A．everything B．nothing
C．something D．none
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A [句意：——中国国际象棋棋手丁立人在国际象棋方面已经尽了他所能，并将他所拥有的一切都投入到了比赛中。——是的，他最近已经成为国际象棋世界冠军。考查不定代词。everything每件事；nothing没什么；something某事；none没有。根据“put all that he has into the games”可知，此处指尽一切努力，做了每件能做的事。]
7．(2023·北京中考)My sister enjoys singing and ________ favorite subject is music．
A．his B．her
C．your D．their
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B [句意：我妹妹喜欢唱歌，她最爱的学科是音乐。考查物主代词。his他的；her她的；your你的；their他们的。根据“My sister enjoys singing”可知，此处指“我妹妹”最喜欢的科目，用her。]
8．(2023·吉林中考)Lily will arrive in Changchun tomorrow．Let's have a party for ________．
A．her B．she
C．herself D．hers
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A [句意：莉莉明天到达长春。让我们为她举办一个派对。考查人称代词。her她，宾格；she她；herself她自己；hers她的。这里指“为她举办”，介词for后接人称代词宾格。]
9．(2023·扬州中考)The children have painted since ________ could first pick up a brush．
A．they B．them
C．their D．themselves
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A [句意：孩子们从第一次拿起画笔就开始画画了。考查人称代词。they他们，主格；them他们，宾格；their他们的，形容词性物主代词；themselves他们自己，反身代词。空白处作从句的主语，应用主格。]
10．(2023·徐州中考)________ other nurses in the hospital have worked here longer than Helen; only Lucy and Mary started working here before her．
A．All B．Most
C．Some D．Few
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D [句意：医院里很少有其他护士比海伦在这里工作的时间长；只有露西和玛丽在她之前开始在这里工作。考查不定代词。all全部的；most大部分；some一些；few很少的。根据“only Lucy and Mary started working here before her”可知，医院的所有护士中，只有露西和玛丽比海伦在这家医院工作的时间长，说明比海伦在这家医院工作的时间长的护士很少。]
三、完形填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
(2024·福建中考)Zeng Xiaomeng became blind a few months after she was born because of an illness．Years ago，she talked to her parents about her dream of learning to 1 ．So they sent her to a special education school．
It is not 2 for Zeng to learn songs．She needs to use Braille (盲文) to read the words of songs．She also needs to practice the songs repeatedly． 3 it usually takes her at least a month to learn a song，she never gives up．
Zeng has a gift for music and learns faster than others at the school．Her music teacher is 4 her．She posted a video of Zeng's singing on the Internet．Zeng's beautiful 5 has amazed and touched many people．They left messages praising her．“Thanks for 6 openness and encouragement．I will sing better and live better，” she replied to the messages．
Music has brought great 7 to Zeng's life and her personality．She felt much better about herself and got more 8 to communicate with others after learning music．At her teacher's suggestion，she began to 9 her own singing videos online last year．
With music in her heart，she becomes more 10 and wants to plant her feet in the field of music in the future．
【文章大意】 本文主要介绍了一个盲人女孩追逐音乐梦想的故事。
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1．A．sing B．read C．dance
A [句意：几年前，她向父母讲述了她学习唱歌的梦想。sing唱歌；read阅读；dance跳舞。根据后文“learn songs”可知，她想学唱歌。故选A。]
√
2．A．bad B．wise C．easy
C [句意：曾学歌并不容易。bad坏的；wise明智的；easy容易的。根据“She needs to use Braille (盲文) to read the words of songs．She also needs to practice the songs repeatedly．”可知，她需要用盲文来读歌词，还需要反复练习这些歌曲，所以曾学歌并不容易。故选C。]
√
3．A．Unless B．Because C．Although
C [句意：虽然她通常要花至少一个月的时间来学习一首歌，但她从不放弃。unless除非；because因为；although虽然。前后两句构成让步关系，用although连接。故选C。]
√
4．A．proud of B．strict with C．sorry for
A [句意：她的音乐老师为她感到骄傲。proud of骄傲；strict with严格；sorry for抱歉。根据“Zeng has a gift for music and learns faster than others at the school．”可知，她很有天赋，所以老师为她感到骄傲。故选A。]
√
5．A．face B．picture C．voice
C [句意：曾优美的嗓音让很多人惊叹和感动。face脸；picture图片；voice嗓音。根据“Zeng's beautiful ________ has amazed and touched many people．”可知，她的嗓音让很多人惊叹和感动。故选C。]
√
6．A．our B．your C．their
B [句意：谢谢你们的坦诚和鼓励。our我们的；your你们的；their他们的。根据“she replied to the messages”可知，这句话是对网友们说的，所以是“你们的”。故选B。]
√
7．A．changes B．examples C．troubles
A [句意：音乐给曾的生活和性格带来了巨大的变化。changes变化；examples例子；troubles麻烦。根据“Music has brought great ________ to Zeng's life and her personality．”可知，音乐给她带来了巨大的变化。故选A。]
√
8．A．duty B．courage C．luck
B [句意：学习音乐后，她的自我感觉更好了，也更有勇气与人交流。duty职责；courage勇气；luck运气。根据“She felt much better about herself and got more ________ to communicate with others after learning music．”可知，她更有勇气与人交流。故选B。]
√
9．A．copy B．watch C．share
C [句意：在老师的建议下，她去年开始在网上分享自己的唱歌视频。copy抄袭；watch观看；share分享。根据“she began to ________ her own singing videos online”可知，她在网上分享自己的唱歌视频。故选C。]
√
10．A．active B．upset C．silent
A [句意：心中有了音乐，她变得更加积极，想要在未来的音乐领域站稳脚跟。active积极的；upset沮丧的；silent寂静的。根据“With music in her heart，she becomes more ________ and wants to plant her feet in the field of music in the future．”可知，心中有了音乐，她变得更加积极。故选A。]
四、综合填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
根据短文内容，用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使文章通顺、完整，每词限用一次。
(2024·吉林中考)
by worry ago it valuable tell money need student and
Giving back lost things to the owner is one of virtues (美德)．By law，we 1．____ to return the lost things we've found as well．
Several months 2．____， a university student left her personal computer in a sports center．Then a man picked 3．__ up．Without thinking twice，the man stayed in the sports center to wait for the owner．Two hours later，the 4．_______ came back hurriedly．She looked very 5．_______．When she saw her lost personal computer，she was excited 6．____ moved．To thank the man，she wanted to give some 7．______ to him，but the man refused politely．
need
ago
it
student
worried
and
money
According to the Civil Code (《民法典》)，when you find something 8．___ accident，you must not keep it as your own．You can 9．___ the owner to get it or you can hand it over to the police．If the lost things are very 10．________ and the finder keeps them on purpose，he or she will be punished．
It's nice to return things we've found．It's also necessary for us to know that giving back lost things is required by law．
【文章大意】 本文主要探讨了关于失物招领所制定的法律。
by
tell
valuable
1．need [句意：根据法律，我们也需要归还我们找到的失物。根据横线后“to return the lost things we've found as well”，结合备选词可知，此处应该填入need，need to do sth．，固定搭配，意为“需要做某事”符合语境。故填need。]
2．ago [句意：几个月前，一名大学生把她的个人电脑落在了体育中心。根据横线前“Several months”和后半句“a university student left her personal computer in a sports center．”可知，时态为一般过去时，结合备选词可知，此处应该填入ago，表达几个月前。故填ago。]
3．it [句意：然后一个男人捡起了它。根据前文“a university student left her personal computer in a sports center”，结合备选词可知，此处应该填入it，表达一个男人捡起了它。故填it。]
4．student [句意：两个小时后，学生急匆匆地回来了。根据前文“a university student left her personal computer in a sports center”，结合备选词可知，此处应该指的是电脑落下的这个学生急匆匆地回来了。故填student。]
5．worried [句意：她看起来很担心。根据前文语境，结合备选词可知，此处应该填入worried，形容词，作表语，意为“担心的”符合语境。故填worried。]
6．and [句意：当她看到她丢失的个人电脑时，她既兴奋又感动。根据“When she saw her lost personal computer，she was exciteD．moved．”，结合备选词可知，此处应该填入and，并列连词，连接并列表语excited 和moved。故填and。]
7．money [句意：为了感谢这个男人，她想给他一些钱，但是这个男人礼貌地拒绝了。根据“To thank the man，she wanted to give some...to him”，结合备选词可知，此处应该应该填入money，表达她想给他一些钱。故填money。]
8．by [句意：根据《民法典》，偶然发现的东西，一定不能据为己有。根据横线后“accident”，结合备选词可知，此处应该填入by，by accident，固定搭配，作状语，意为“意外地，偶然地”符合语境。故填by。]
9．tell [句意：你可以告诉失主去拿，也可以交给警察。根据横线后“the owner to get it or you can hand it over to the police”，结合备选词可知，此处应该填入tell，tell sb．to do sth．，固定搭配，意为“告诉某人做某事”符合语境。故填tell。]
10．valuable [句意：如果丢失的东西非常有价值，而拾得者故意保留它们，他或她将受到惩罚。根据横线前“If the lost things are very...”可知，此处应该填入形容词，作表语，结合备选词可知，valuable，形容词，意为“有价值的”符合语境。故填valuable。]考法1 人称代词、物主代词与反身代词一览表
类别 人称 人称代词 物主代词 反身代词
主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性
第一 人称 单数 I me my mine myself
复数 we us our ours ourselves
第二 人称 单数 you you your yours yourself
复数 yourselves
第三 人称 单数 he him his his himself
she her her hers herself
it it its its itself
复数 they them their theirs themselves
考法2 人称代词的用法
类别 用法 例句
主格 作主语，用在谓语动词前 He works in the post office．
宾格 作宾语，用在动词或介词之后，动作行为的对象 Please help me carry the box．
He often plays games with me．
考法3 物主代词的用法
类别 用法 例句
形容词性物主代词 相当于形容词，位于名词前，作定语 May I use your pen？
名词性物主代词 相当于名词(＝形容词性物主代词＋名词)，后面不能跟名词。常作主语、宾语或表语 This is my book．Yours is on the desk．
Tom's bike was broken．He is using mine．
This is my desk and that's hers．
考法4 反身代词的用法
用法 例句
作宾语，用在动词或介词之后 They enjoyed themselves on the beach yesterday．
You should take care of yourself．
作同位语，用在名词、代词之后 The box itself is not heavy．
作表语，用在系动词之后 I'm not feeling myself today．
【拓展】 反身代词的常用搭配
dress oneself 自己穿衣服
by oneself 单独地；独自地
help oneself (to) 随便吃(食物等)
keep something to oneself 保密
teach oneself 自学
learn by oneself 自学
enjoy oneself 玩得愉快
lose oneself in 对……入迷；专注于
hurt oneself 伤害自己
introduce oneself 自我介绍
say to oneself 自言自语
leave sb．by oneself 把某人单独留下
不定代词
考法1 普通不定代词
(1) other，the other，others，the others与another
词汇 意义 用法
other 其他的 作定语，常与可数名词复数连用
the other ①(两者中)另一个 ②另一些(特定范围内剩余全部) 常用于“one...the other...”表示“一个(一些)……，另一个(另一些)……”
others 其他的人或物 表泛指，常用于“some...others...”，表示“一些……，其他的……”
the others 其余所有的人或物 所指代的对象有范围，只能作主语或宾语
another 另一个 指三者或三者以上的“另一个”，表泛指
(2)either，neither，both，all与none
词汇 含义 谓语形式 常用搭配
either (两者)任何一个 单数 either...or...或者……或者……
neither (两者) 都不 单数或复数 neither...nor...既不……也不……
both (两者)都 复数 both...and... ……和……都
all (三者或三者以上)都 单数或复数 /
none (三者或三者以上)都不 单数或复数 /
相同点：都能与of短语连用，且能在句中作主语
(3) a little，little，a few与few
肯定意义 否定意义 所修饰的名词
a little 一点儿 little 几乎没有 不可数名词
a few 几个 few 几乎没有 可数名词复数
考法2 复合不定代词
somebody某人 anybody任何人 nobody没有人 everybody每个人
someone某人 anyone任何人 no one没有人 everyone每个人
something某事 anything任何事 nothing没有什么 everything每件事
【拓展】 不定代词的常用句型
①There is something wrong with...
……出问题了。
②...have/has something/nothing to do with...
……与……有关/无关。
③...have/has nothing against doing sth．
……毫不反对做某事。
指示代词、疑问代词与it的用法
考法1 指示代词
词汇 用法
this/these (1)指代在空间或时间上离自己较近的人或物，单数用this，复数用these； (2)this指代下文将要提到的人或物
that/those (1)指代在空间或时间上离自己较远的人或物，单数用that，复数用those； (2)that指代上文提到的人或物； (3)为了避免重复前面提到的名词，that代替可数名词单数或不可数名词，those代替可数名词复数
考法2 疑问代词
指代情况 主格 宾格 所有格
指人 who whom whose
指物 what(无范围限制)
指人或物 which(有范围限制)
考法3 it的用法
(1)作形式主语
it作形式主语的常用句型：
(2)作形式宾语
it作形式宾语时，真正的宾语是动词不定式或从句，常用在find，think，make，consider，feel 等动词之后。
I find it easy to get on with him．
我发现和他相处很简单。
【拓展】 it，one 与that辨析
词汇 用法 例句
it 指代上文提到的同一个事物 I have a bike．It is red．
one 指代上文提到的同一类事物中的一个，复数用ones Your watch is nice．I want to buy one．
that 常用于比较结构中，代替可数名词单数或者不可数名词，复数用ones The weather in Tai'an is hotter than that in Shenyang．
1．(2024·菏泽中考)—Hey! Our father's birthday is coming．
—Let's buy a T-shirt for this afternoon．
A．him B．her C．you
A [句意：——嘿！我们爸爸的生日快到了。——今天下午我们给他买件T恤吧。考查代词。him他；her她；you你，你们。根据“Our father's birthday is coming．”可知，此处指爸爸，用him作宾语。故选A。]
2．(2024·东营中考)—Mom，which club should I choose，the art club or the science club
—It's up to ．Just follow your heart．
A．me B．us
C．you D．them
C [句意：——妈妈，我应该选择哪个俱乐部，艺术俱乐部还是科学俱乐部？——这取决于你。跟着你的心走。考查代词。me我；us我们；you你；them他们。根据“Just follow your heart．”可知，此处指选择哪个俱乐部都取决于“你”，跟着自己的心走。故选C。]
3．(2024·东营中考)—It is my first time taking a vacation in Dongying．
—Me too． here is so nice．I love the city．
A．Nothing B．Anything
C．Something D．Everything
D [句意：——这是我第一次在东营度假。——我也是。这里的一切都很好。我爱这个城市。考查代词。Nothing无事；Anything任何事；Something某事；Everything一切。根据“I love the city．”可知，喜欢这个城市，所以一切都很好。故选D。]
4．(2024·滨州中考)—I heard that people in Paris stood in a long line to buy Chinese xiaolongbao．
—Yes， could say no to it there．
A．everybody B．nobody
C．somebody D．anybody
B [句意：——我听说巴黎的人们排着长队买中国的小笼包。——是的，那里没有人能拒绝它。考查不定代词。everybody每个人；nobody没有人；somebody某人；anybody任何人。根据“people in Paris stood in a long line”可知，巴黎的人们排长队买小笼包，故可知没有人能够拒绝小笼包。故选B。]
5．(2024·常州中考)Little Mary was proud of because she taught Uncle Li how to borrow books online．
A．herself B．hers
C．she D．her
A [句意：小玛丽为自己感到骄傲，因为她教李叔叔如何在网上借书。考查代词。herself她自己；hers她的；she她；her她/她的。根据“Little Mary was proud of
because she taught Uncle Li how to borrow books online．”可知，此处指为她自己感到骄傲。故选A。]
6．(2024·天津中考)When parents went away on business，I looked after ．
A．my; myself B．my; mine
C．me; myself D．me; mine
A [句意：我父母出差时，我自己照顾自己。考查代词。my我的，形容词性物主代词；myself我自己，反身代词；mine我的，名词性物主代词；me我，宾格。第一处作定语修饰parents，用形容词性物主代词；第二处主语和宾语是同一人，所以是“照顾自己”，用反身代词。故选A。]
7．(2024·雅安中考)—Tommy，is there in the classroom now？
—No．All the students are having a P．E．lesson on the playground．
A．everybody B．somebody
C．anybody D．nobody
C [句意：——汤米，现在教室里有人吗？——没有。所有的学生都在操场上上体育课。考查代词。everybody所有人；somebody某人，一般用于肯定句中；anybody任何人，一般用于否定句或疑问句中；nobody没有人。此处是一般疑问句，询问教室里是否有人，应用anybody。故选C。]
8．(2024·雅安中考)—Amy，there is a book on the floor．Is it ？
—No，it's not mine．My book is on the desk．
A．you B．yours
C．your D．yourself
B [句意：——艾米，地上有本书。它是你的吗？——不，不是我的。我的书在桌子上。考查代词。you你，人称代词；yours你的，名词性物主代词；your你的，形容词性物主代词；yourself你自己，反身代词。空格后没有名词，此处指这本书是你的吗，故用名词性物主代词yours，指代your book。故选B。]
9．(2024·河北中考)—Mary，is this your sister's smart watch？
—No， is pink．
A．his B．mine
C．hers D．yours
C [句意：——玛丽，这是你姐姐的智能手表吗？——不，她的是粉色的。考查代词。his他的；mine我的；hers她的；yours你的。此处指第三人称“我”的姐姐的手表是粉色的，应用物主代词hers。故选C。]
10．(2024·广西中考)—Andy，who are the girls over there
— are my sisters，Lily and Lucy．
A．They B．We C．You
A [句意：——安迪，那边的女孩们是谁？——她们是我的姐妹，莉莉和露西。考查代词。They她们；We我们；You你们。根据“Andy，who are the girls over there？”可知，询问那边的女孩们是谁，答语应该说“她们是……”。故选A。]
课时规范训练(二十七)
考查范围：专题2 代词
(建议用时 30分钟)
一、根据汉语提示填写单词或短语(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)
1．(2024·扬州中考)Some of (我们) are better at helping others than we are at looking after ourselves．
us [句意：我们中有些人更善于帮助别人，而不是照顾自己。根据“Some of”及汉语提示可知，介词of后应跟宾格代词us“我们”。故填us。]
2．(2024·云南中考)Knowing (互相) is the first step to make friends．
each other [句意：互相了解是交朋友的第一步。each other“互相”，作knowing的宾语，故填each other。]
3．(2024·南京中考) (没有人) likes to be treated rudely．Be polite!
Nobody [句意：没有人喜欢被粗鲁对待。要有礼貌！没有人：nobody，复合不定代词。故填Nobody。]
4．(2024·武威中考)The small boy was not old enough to dress (他自己)．
himself [句意：那个小男孩还不够大，不能自己穿衣服。根据汉语提示“他自己”可知，英文表达是himself，dress oneself意为“自己穿衣服”。故填himself。]
5．(2024·济宁三模)—Is this scarf yours
—Yes，it's (我的)．Thanks for finding it!
mine [句意：——这条围巾是你的吗？——是的，它是我的。谢谢你找到它！根据中文提示和句意可知，此处指这条围巾是“我”的，空后没有名词，此处应用名词性物主代词mine。故填mine。]
6．(2024·四川宜宾二模)My mother said to me，“All the things in our life should be done by (我们自己)．”
ourselves [句意：我妈妈对我说：“我们生活中的所有事情都应该由我们自己完成”。by oneself“独自”，根据中文提示可知，此空应填反身代词ourselves“我们自己”。故填ourselves。]
7．(2024·江苏昆山一模)It's important to remember that you should always be (你自己)．
yourself [句意：重要的是要记住，你应该永远做你自己。yourself“你自己”，反身代词。故填yourself。]
8．(2024·云南模拟)Mrs Li (对我们严格)，but we like her very much．
is strict with us [句意：李老师对我们很严格，但我们很喜欢她。根据汉语提示可知，形容词短语be strict with sb．“对某人严格”符合句意；根据“but we like her very much”可知，本句时态为一般现在时，主语Mrs Li为第三人称单数，be动词要用is；us“我们”作介词宾语。故填is strict with us。]
9．(2024·甘肃武威二模)My grandma always tells me (没有什么) is more important than health．
nothing [句意：我的奶奶总是告诉我，没有什么是比健康更重要的。根据提示词 “没有什么” 可知，此处应为不定代词“nothing”作宾语从句的主语。故填nothing。]
10．(2024·江苏南京一模)—Would you like green tea or black tea
—Thanks a lot． (两者之一) will be OK．
Either [句意：——你想要绿茶还是红茶？ ——非常感谢。任何一个都可以。根据“Would you like green tea or black tea？”及中文可知，此空填either“两者之一”，句首首字母大写。故填Either。]
二、单项选择(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)
1．(2024·牡丹江中考)—Who cooked the hot dry noodles for you？They're delicious．
— ．I learned to cook them by myself on the Internet．
A．Everybody B．Somebody C．Nobody
C [句意：——谁给你煮的热干面？它们是美味的。——没有人。我自己在网上学会的。考查不定代词。everybody每个人；somebody某人；nobody没有人。根据“I learned to cook them by myself on the Internet．”可知，自己在网上学会的，所以此处指没有人给自己煮。故选C。]
2．(2024·无锡中考)We're looking for who can deal with the new computer virus．
A．someone B．everyone
C．something D．everything
A [句意：我们在找一个能对付这种新型电脑病毒的人。考查代词。someone某人；everyone每个人；something某事；everything每件事。根据“We're looking for．．．who can deal with the new computer virus．”可知，找一个能对付这种新型电脑病毒的人，用someone。故选A。]
3．(2024·吉林中考)Running is getting popular．It is good for our health and it costs ．
A．nothing B．everything C．anything
A [句意：跑步越来越受欢迎。它对我们的健康有益，而且不花费什么钱。考查代词。nothing没有什么；everything一切；anything任何事情。根据常识可知，跑步并不花费什么钱。故选A。]
4．(2024·扬州中考)“What's that？” is of the first things that children say．
A．some B．each
C．one D．that
C [句意：“那是什么？”这是孩子们说的第一句话。考查代词。some一些；each每个；one一；that那。“What's that？”是孩子们说的一句话，one of the＋名词复数，表“……之一”。故选C。]
5．(2023·东营中考)—Lily，put your books into your schoolbag．
—They're not ．They are Lucy's．
A．his B．hers
C．mine D．yours
C [句意：——莉莉，把你的书放进书包里。——它们不是我的。它们是露西的。考查物主代词。his他的；hers她的；mine我的；yours你的。根据“Lily，put your books into your schoolbag．”可知，回答的人就是莉莉，要表示“不是我的(书)”，后面没有名词，要用名词性物主代词mine。]
6．(2023·滨州中考)—Chinese chess player Ding Liren has done he can in chess and has put all that he has into the games．
—Yes，and he has become chess world champion(冠军) recently．
A．everything B．nothing
C．something D．none
A [句意：——中国国际象棋棋手丁立人在国际象棋方面已经尽了他所能，并将他所拥有的一切都投入到了比赛中。——是的，他最近已经成为国际象棋世界冠军。考查不定代词。everything每件事；nothing没什么；something某事；none没有。根据“put all that he has into the games”可知，此处指尽一切努力，做了每件能做的事。]
7．(2023·北京中考)My sister enjoys singing and favorite subject is music．
A．his B．her
C．your D．their
B [句意：我妹妹喜欢唱歌，她最爱的学科是音乐。考查物主代词。his他的；her她的；your你的；their他们的。根据“My sister enjoys singing”可知，此处指“我妹妹”最喜欢的科目，用her。]
8．(2023·吉林中考)Lily will arrive in Changchun tomorrow．Let's have a party for ．
A．her B．she
C．herself D．hers
A [句意：莉莉明天到达长春。让我们为她举办一个派对。考查人称代词。her她，宾格；she她；herself她自己；hers她的。这里指“为她举办”，介词for后接人称代词宾格。]
9．(2023·扬州中考)The children have painted since could first pick up a brush．
A．they B．them
C．their D．themselves
A [句意：孩子们从第一次拿起画笔就开始画画了。考查人称代词。they他们，主格；them他们，宾格；their他们的，形容词性物主代词；themselves他们自己，反身代词。空白处作从句的主语，应用主格。]
10．(2023·徐州中考) other nurses in the hospital have worked here longer than Helen; only Lucy and Mary started working here before her．
A．All B．Most
C．Some D．Few
D [句意：医院里很少有其他护士比海伦在这里工作的时间长；只有露西和玛丽在她之前开始在这里工作。考查不定代词。all全部的；most大部分；some一些；few很少的。根据“only Lucy and Mary started working here before her”可知，医院的所有护士中，只有露西和玛丽比海伦在这家医院工作的时间长，说明比海伦在这家医院工作的时间长的护士很少。]
三、完形填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
(2024·福建中考)Zeng Xiaomeng became blind a few months after she was born because of an illness．Years ago，she talked to her parents about her dream of learning to 1 ．So they sent her to a special education school．
It is not 2 for Zeng to learn songs．She needs to use Braille (盲文) to read the words of songs．She also needs to practice the songs repeatedly． 3 it usually takes her at least a month to learn a song，she never gives up．
Zeng has a gift for music and learns faster than others at the school．Her music teacher is 4 her．She posted a video of Zeng's singing on the Internet．Zeng's beautiful 5 has amazed and touched many people．They left messages praising her．“Thanks for 6 openness and encouragement．I will sing better and live better，” she replied to the messages．
Music has brought great 7 to Zeng's life and her personality．She felt much better about herself and got more 8 to communicate with others after learning music．At her teacher's suggestion，she began to 9 her own singing videos online last year．
With music in her heart，she becomes more 10 and wants to plant her feet in the field of music in the future．
【文章大意】 本文主要介绍了一个盲人女孩追逐音乐梦想的故事。
1．A．sing B．read C．dance
A [句意：几年前，她向父母讲述了她学习唱歌的梦想。sing唱歌；read阅读；dance跳舞。根据后文“learn songs”可知，她想学唱歌。故选A。]
2．A．bad B．wise C．easy
C [句意：曾学歌并不容易。bad坏的；wise明智的；easy容易的。根据“She needs to use Braille (盲文) to read the words of songs．She also needs to practice the songs repeatedly．”可知，她需要用盲文来读歌词，还需要反复练习这些歌曲，所以曾学歌并不容易。故选C。]
3．A．Unless B．Because C．Although
C [句意：虽然她通常要花至少一个月的时间来学习一首歌，但她从不放弃。unless除非；because因为；although虽然。前后两句构成让步关系，用although连接。故选C。]
4．A．proud of B．strict with C．sorry for
A [句意：她的音乐老师为她感到骄傲。proud of骄傲；strict with严格；sorry for抱歉。根据“Zeng has a gift for music and learns faster than others at the school．”可知，她很有天赋，所以老师为她感到骄傲。故选A。]
5．A．face B．picture C．voice
C [句意：曾优美的嗓音让很多人惊叹和感动。face脸；picture图片；voice嗓音。根据“Zeng's beautiful has amazed and touched many people．”可知，她的嗓音让很多人惊叹和感动。故选C。]
6．A．our B．your C．their
B [句意：谢谢你们的坦诚和鼓励。our我们的；your你们的；their他们的。根据“she replied to the messages”可知，这句话是对网友们说的，所以是“你们的”。故选B。]
7．A．changes B．examples C．troubles
A [句意：音乐给曾的生活和性格带来了巨大的变化。changes变化；examples例子；troubles麻烦。根据“Music has brought great to Zeng's life and her personality．”可知，音乐给她带来了巨大的变化。故选A。]
8．A．duty B．courage C．luck
B [句意：学习音乐后，她的自我感觉更好了，也更有勇气与人交流。duty职责；courage勇气；luck运气。根据“She felt much better about herself and got more
to communicate with others after learning music．”可知，她更有勇气与人交流。故选B。]
9．A．copy B．watch C．share
C [句意：在老师的建议下，她去年开始在网上分享自己的唱歌视频。copy抄袭；watch观看；share分享。根据“she began to her own singing videos online”可知，她在网上分享自己的唱歌视频。故选C。]
10．A．active B．upset C．silent
A [句意：心中有了音乐，她变得更加积极，想要在未来的音乐领域站稳脚跟。active积极的；upset沮丧的；silent寂静的。根据“With music in her heart，she becomes more and wants to plant her feet in the field of music in the future．”可知，心中有了音乐，她变得更加积极。故选A。]
四、综合填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
根据短文内容，用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使文章通顺、完整，每词限用一次。
(2024·吉林中考)
by worry ago it valuable tell money need student and
Giving back lost things to the owner is one of virtues (美德)．By law，we 1． to return the lost things we've found as well．
Several months 2． ， a university student left her personal computer in a sports center．Then a man picked 3． up．Without thinking twice，the man stayed in the sports center to wait for the owner．Two hours later，the 4． came back hurriedly．She looked very 5． ．When she saw her lost personal computer，she was excited 6． moved．To thank the man，she wanted to give some 7． to him，but the man refused politely．
According to the Civil Code (《民法典》)，when you find something 8． accident，you must not keep it as your own．You can 9． the owner to get it or you can hand it over to the police．If the lost things are very 10． and the finder keeps them on purpose，he or she will be punished．
It's nice to return things we've found．It's also necessary for us to know that giving back lost things is required by law．
【文章大意】 本文主要探讨了关于失物招领所制定的法律。
1．need [句意：根据法律，我们也需要归还我们找到的失物。根据横线后“to return the lost things we've found as well”，结合备选词可知，此处应该填入need，need to do sth．，固定搭配，意为“需要做某事”符合语境。故填need。]
2．ago [句意：几个月前，一名大学生把她的个人电脑落在了体育中心。根据横线前“Several months”和后半句“a university student left her personal computer in a sports center．”可知，时态为一般过去时，结合备选词可知，此处应该填入ago，表达几个月前。故填ago。]
3．it [句意：然后一个男人捡起了它。根据前文“a university student left her personal computer in a sports center”，结合备选词可知，此处应该填入it，表达一个男人捡起了它。故填it。]
4．student [句意：两个小时后，学生急匆匆地回来了。根据前文“a university student left her personal computer in a sports center”，结合备选词可知，此处应该指的是电脑落下的这个学生急匆匆地回来了。故填student。]
5．worried [句意：她看起来很担心。根据前文语境，结合备选词可知，此处应该填入worried，形容词，作表语，意为“担心的”符合语境。故填worried。]
6．and [句意：当她看到她丢失的个人电脑时，她既兴奋又感动。根据“When she saw her lost personal computer，she was excited．．．moved．”，结合备选词可知，此处应该填入and，并列连词，连接并列表语excited 和moved。故填and。]
7．money [句意：为了感谢这个男人，她想给他一些钱，但是这个男人礼貌地拒绝了。根据“To thank the man，she wanted to give some...to him”，结合备选词可知，此处应该应该填入money，表达她想给他一些钱。故填money。]
8．by [句意：根据《民法典》，偶然发现的东西，一定不能据为己有。根据横线后“accident”，结合备选词可知，此处应该填入by，by accident，固定搭配，作状语，意为“意外地，偶然地”符合语境。故填by。]
9．tell [句意：你可以告诉失主去拿，也可以交给警察。根据横线后“the owner to get it or you can hand it over to the police”，结合备选词可知，此处应该填入tell，tell sb．to do sth．，固定搭配，意为“告诉某人做某事”符合语境。故填tell。]
10．valuable [句意：如果丢失的东西非常有价值，而拾得者故意保留它们，他或她将受到惩罚。根据横线前“If the lost things are very...”可知，此处应该填入形容词，作表语，结合备选词可知，valuable，形容词，意为“有价值的”符合语境。故填valuable。]
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)专题2 代词
砥志研思·语法点摸脉络
练多维
1．A [句意：——嘿！我们父亲的生日快到了。——今天下午我们给他买件T恤吧。考查代词。him他；her她；you你，你们。根据“Our father's birthday is coming．”可知，此处指父亲，用him作宾语。故选A。]
2．C [句意：——妈妈，我应该选择哪个俱乐部，艺术俱乐部还是科学俱乐部？——这取决于你。跟着你的心走。考查代词。me我；us我们；you你；them他们。根据“Just follow your heart．”可知，此处指选择哪个俱乐部都取决于“你”，跟着自己的心走。故选C。]
3．D [句意：——这是我第一次在东营度假。——我也是。这里的一切都很好。我爱这个城市。考查代词。Nothing无事；Anything任何事；Something某事；Everything一切。根据“I love the city．”可知，喜欢这个城市，所以一切都很好。故选D。]
4．B [句意：——我听说巴黎的人们排着长队买中国的小笼包。——是的，那里没有人能拒绝它。考查不定代词。everybody每个人；nobody没有人；somebody某人；anybody任何人。根据“people in Paris stood in a long line”可知，巴黎的人们排长队买小笼包，故可知没有人能够拒绝小笼包。故选B。]
5．A [句意：小玛丽为自己感到骄傲，因为她教李叔叔如何在网上借书。考查代词。herself她自己；hers她的；she她；her她/她的。根据“Little Mary was proud of because she taught Uncle Li how to borrow books online．”可知，此处指为她自己感到骄傲。故选A。]
6．A [句意：我父母出差时，我自己照顾自己。考查代词。my我的，形容词性物主代词；myself我自己，反身代词；mine我的，名词性物主代词；me我，宾格。第一处作定语修饰parents，用形容词性物主代词；第二处主语和宾语是同一人，所以是“照顾自己”，用反身代词。故选A。]
7．C [句意：——汤米，现在教室里有人吗？——没有。所有的学生都在操场上上体育课。考查代词。everybody所有人；somebody某人，一般用于肯定句中；anybody任何人，一般用于否定句或疑问句中；nobody没有人。此处是一般疑问句，询问教室里是否有人，应用anybody。故选C。]
8．B [句意：——艾米，地上有本书。它是你的吗？——不，不是我的。我的书在桌子上。考查代词。you你，人称代词；yours你的，名词性物主代词；your你的，形容词性物主代词；yourself你自己，反身代词。空格后没有名词，此处指这本书是你的吗，故用名词性物主代词yours，指代your book。故选B。]
9．C [句意：——玛丽，这是你姐姐的智能手表吗？——不，她的是粉色的。考查代词。his他的；mine我的；hers她的；yours你的。此处指第三人称“我”的姐姐的手表是粉色的，应用物主代词hers。故选C。]
10．A [句意：——安迪，那边的女孩们是谁？——她们是我的姐妹，莉莉和露西。考查代词。They她们；We我们；You你们。根据“Andy，who are the girls over there？”可知，询问那边的女孩们是谁，答语应该说“她们是……”。故选A。]
