考点一 简单句
简单句
简单句的五种基本句型
句型 例句
主谓(不及物动词) Birds fly.
主系表 The bike is new.
主谓(及物动词)宾 My father likes English.
主谓宾宾 His hobby brought him enjoyment.
主谓宾宾补 We keep our classroom clean.
考点二 句子种类
陈述句
类型 结构
肯定句 主语+谓语+其他
否定句 主语+be动词/情态动词/助动词(will/shall/have/has/had)+ not +其他
主语+助动词do/does/did +not+动词原形+其他
主语+否定词 never/hardly/seldom +其他
疑问句
考法1 一般疑问句
一般疑问句是以be动词、助动词或情态动词开头的疑问句,用 yes 或no 来回答。
—Does your mother have lunch at home every day
——你母亲每天在家吃午饭吗?
—No,she doesn't.
——不,她不每天在家吃午饭。
考法2 特殊疑问句
特殊疑问句一般由“特殊疑问词+一般疑问句”构成(疑问词作主语时除外)。回答时不能用yes 或 no,应问什么就回答什么。
(1)常用的疑问词
疑问词 用法 疑问词 用法
who 询问身份 whose 询问所属
what 询问职业、身份或看法(无选择性) which 询问特定的人或物(有选择性)
when 询问时间 where 询问地点
why 询问原因 how 询问方式或感受
(2)常用的疑问短语
how短语 含义 用法
how long 多长时间 提问一段时间时,答语常用“for+一段时间”
多长 提问物体的长度
how often 多久一次 提问频率
how soon 多久 提问将来的时间,答语常用“in+一段时间”
how far 多远 提问距离
how many 多少 提问数量,后跟可数名词复数
how much 多少;多少钱 提问数量时,后跟不可数名词;还可提问价格或程度
how old 多大 提问年龄
考法3 选择疑问句
(1)一般疑问句+A or B
—Shall we leave at six or seven
——我们六点离开还是七点离开?
—At six.
——六点。
(2)特殊疑问句+A or B
—When will he leave for London,today or tomorrow
——他什么时候出发去伦敦,今天还是明天?
—Tomorrow.
——明天。
【注意】 选择疑问句不能用 yes 或 no 回答,要用一个完整的句子或其省略形式回答。
考法4 反意疑问句
反意疑问句由“陈述部分+疑问部分”构成。基本原则:前肯后否或前否后肯。
(1)当陈述部分是Let's开头的祈使句时, 疑问部分用 shall we; 当陈述部分是其他祈使句时,疑问部分用 will you。
Let's try again,shall we
咱们再试一次, 好吗?
Give me a hand,will you
帮帮我, 好吗?
(2)当陈述部分是There be 句型时, 疑问部分的主语用there。
There are some bananas in the basket,aren't there
篮子里有些香蕉, 是吗?
(3)当陈述部分有否定词(如hardly,seldom,never,few,little等)时,疑问部分用肯定形式。
He hardly remembers his old friend's name,does he
他几乎不记得他老朋友的名字了, 对吗?
(4)当陈述部分有否定前缀的词(impossible,unhappy 等)时, 疑问部分用否定形式。
He looks unhappy,doesn't he
他看上去不高兴,是吗?
(5)反意疑问句的回答
①如果事实是肯定的,就用Yes; 如果事实是否定的,就用 No。同时注意: 答句的语法正确, 不能肯定和否定回答混用。
—He likes playing football,doesn't he?
——他喜欢踢足球, 是吗?
—Yes,he does./No,he doesn't.
——是的,他喜欢。/不,他不喜欢。
②当陈述部分是否定形式,疑问部分是肯定形式时,回答 Yes 或 No 与汉语相反。
—His sister didn't attend the meeting,did she?
——他的姐姐没有参加会议,是吗?
—Yes,she did./No,she didn't.
——不,她参加了。/是的,她没参加。
感叹句
考法1 what引导的感叹句
结构 例句
What+a/an+adj.+可数名词单数(+主语+谓语)! What a beautiful mountain it is!
What+adj.+可数名词复数(+主语+谓语)! What great inventions he has made!
What+adj.+不可数名词 (+主语+谓语)! What bad weather it is today!
考法2 how引导的感叹句
结构 例句
How+adj./adv.(+主语+谓语)! How quickly Tom runs!
How+adj.+a/an+可数名词单数(+主语+谓语)! How clever a boy he is!
How+主语+谓语! How time flies!
祈使句
考法1 肯定的祈使句
句式 例句
动词原形(Do型)+其他 Listen to me carefully,please!
Be+表语+其他 Be quiet,please!
Let's+动词原形+其他 Let's go to the library.
考法2 否定的祈使句
句式 例句
Don't +动词原形+其他 Don't be late for school!
Never +动词原形+其他 Never give up!
No+名词或动名词 No photos! No smoking!
Let's not +动词原形 Let's not have a cold drink!
主谓一致
考法1 语法一致
语法一致就是主语和谓语在语法上保持一致。
(1)在一般句子中,主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致。
This apple is green,those are red.
这个苹果是绿的,那些是红的。
(2)当and或both...and...连接名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
Dave and Jeff are from America.
戴夫和杰夫来自美国。
(3)不定代词something,anything,everything,nothing,somebody,anybody,everybody,
nobody,someone,anyone,everyone,no one,either等作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
Nothing is wrong with your bike.
你的自行车没毛病。
(4)主语后接 with,along with,together with,rather than,including,besides,like,except,but等短语时,谓语动词的单复数形式由前面主语的单复数形式决定。
Mr.Li with his wife and three children has gone to Beijing.
李先生和他的妻子及三个孩子去北京了。
(5)“a lot of /lots of,plenty of,most of,the rest of,half of+名词”和“分数或百分数+of+名词”作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式取决于该名词,如果是不可数名词,谓语动词用单数形式;如果是可数名词复数,谓语动词用复数形式。
Ninety percent of the children like fast food.
百分之九十的孩子喜欢快餐。
考法2 意义一致
意义一致就是从意义上着眼处理主谓关系。
(1)由and连接的两个名词作主语,如果是指同一人、同一事物或同一概念,则谓语动词用单数形式。
The writer and teacher is coming soon.
那位作家兼教师很快就要来了。
(2)表示金钱、价格、时间、长度等的复数名词或词组作主语时,一般被看作一个整体,谓语动词用单数形式。
I think twenty years is quite a long time.
我认为二十年是相当长的一段时间。
(3)family,class,group,crowd,company,staff等集体名词作主语时,如果表示整体概念,谓语动词用单数形式;如果表示集体中的成员,谓语动词用复数形式。
Her family are friendly to others.
她的家人对别人很友好。
(4)people,police等作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
The people here are really happy.
这里的人们真的很幸福。
考法3 就近原则
就近原则指如果句子中有两个或两个以上的主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式要根据靠近它的主语的单复数来确定。主要有以下两种情况:
(1)or,either...or...,neither...nor...,not only...but also...等连接并列主语时。
Either you or he is wrong.
不是你错了就是他错了。
(2)There be 句型中有多个名词作主语时,谓语动词常与最靠近 be 的名词的单复数一致。
There is a table and three chairs in his bedroom.
他的卧室里有一张桌子和三把椅子。
1.(2024·北京中考)—Lily,your new schoolbag is pretty. did you buy it
—In a store near my home.
A.How B.Where
C.Why D.When
B [句意:——莉莉,你的新书包很漂亮。你在哪里买的?——在我家附近的一家商店。考查特殊疑问句。How怎么;Where哪里;Why为什么;When 什么时候。根据答语“In a store near my home.”可知,此处询问在哪里买的书包。故选B。]
2.(2024·宿迁中考)—Fanfan, do you read books after school every day
—For about one hour.And I often write down my ideas while reading.
A.how far B.how long
C.how often D.how soon
B [句意:——樊凡,你每天放学后读多长时间书?——大约一个小时。我经常在阅读时写下我的想法。考查特殊疑问句。how far多远,对距离提问;how long多久,对时间段提问;how often多久一次,对频率提问;how soon多久,对将来时间提问。根据答语“For about one hour.”可知,此处对时间段提问,用how long。故选B。]
3.(2024·宿迁中考)— fine weather! It's a good match for going on a picnic.
—Exactly.I simply can't wait!
A.How B.What
C.How a D.What a
B [句意:——多好的天气啊!这很适合去野餐。 ——确实不错。我简直等不及了!考查感叹句。根据“fine weather”可知,中心词weather是不可数名词,结合感叹句结构“What+adj.+不可数名词+(主谓)!”可知,What符合题意。故选B。]
4.(2024·常州中考)— is it from Changzhou to Beijing
—It is about four hours' ride by high-speed train.
A.How long B.How far
C.How soon D.How often
B [句意:——从常州到北京有多远?——坐高铁大约需要4个小时。考查特殊疑问句。How long多久;How far多远;How soon多久以后;How often多久一次。根据答语“It is about four hours' ride by high-speed train.”可知,此处对距离提问,用疑问词How far。故选B。]
5.(2024·临夏中考)— wonderful experience our family had in the Mogao Caves!
—I'm glad you had a good time.
A.What B.How
C.How a D.What a
D [句意:——我们全家在莫高窟的经历真是太棒了!——我很高兴你玩得开心。考查感叹句。根据“ wonderful experience our family had in the Mogao Caves!”可知,此句应为what引导的感叹句,结构为“What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!”,experience在此处表示“经历”,是可数名词,wonderful是发音以辅音音素开头的单词,用不定冠词a修饰。故选D。]
6.(2024·长春中考) helpful the speech is! It tells us to use the Internet safely.
A.What B.What a
C.How D.What an
C [句意:这演讲真有帮助!它告诉我们要安全地使用互联网。考查感叹句。句子是感叹句,中心词是形容词helpful,用感叹句结构“How+adj.+主谓!”。故选C。]
7.(2024·龙东中考)—Must I answer this question in English?
—No,you .
A.mustn't B.needn't
C.can't
B [句意:——我必须用英语回答这个问题吗?——不,你不必。考查情态动词及一般疑问句。mustn't表禁止;needn't不必;can't不能。上文是情态动词must引导的一般疑问句,否定回答是:No,主语+needn't/don't have to。故选B。]
8.(2024·长春中考)— are these sports socks
—10 yuan for 3 pairs.
A.How many B.How much
C.How often D.How long
B [句意:——这些运动袜多少钱?——10元3双。考查特殊疑问句。How many多少;How much多少钱;How often多久一次;How long多长时间。根据“10 yuan for 3 pairs.”可知,此处询问价格,疑问词用How much。故选B。]
9.(2024·龙东中考)—The old man never feels lonely, ?
—No,because he has many friends.
A.does he B.won't he
C.doesn't he
A [句意:——这位老人从不感到孤独,是吗?——是的,因为他有很多朋友。考查反意疑问句。此处是反意疑问句,遵循“前否后肯,前肯后否”原则。never表否定,故疑问句部分是肯定形式。故选A。]
课时规范训练(三十五)
考查范围:专题10 句子种类及简单句
(建议用时 30分钟)
一、根据汉语提示填写单词或短语(共10小题;每小题2分,满分20分)
1.The young man wanted to start his own business badly,and he (成功) after years of hard work.
succeeded [句意:这个年轻人非常想要开创自己的事业,经过多年的努力,他成功了。分析句子可知,本句缺少谓语动词;“成功”译成succeed;结合空前wanted可知,这里要用一般过去时。故填succeeded。]
2.(2024·泰安宁阳模拟)Yesterday Tom invited me to take part in the New Year celebration,and I (接受) happily.
accepted [句意:昨天汤姆邀请我参加新年庆祝活动,我高兴地接受了。根据题干中的“Yesterday Tom invited me”可知,句子时态为一般过去时。再根据所给汉语提示以及题干可知,此处应用动词“接受”,应译为accept,此处应用其过去式accepted。故填accepted。]
3.(2024·云南西双版纳一模)As we all know,Kunming (因……而闻名) its warm weather.
is famous/known for [句意:众所周知,昆明因为它温暖的天气而闻名。因为……而闻名:be famous/known for;句子用一般现在时,主语是Kunming,be动词用is。故填is famous/known for。]
4.(2024·云南昆明一模)More and more foreigners (对……感兴趣) Chinese poems.
are interested in [句意:越来越多的外国人对中国诗歌感兴趣。be interested in“对……感兴趣”,陈述现阶段存在的事实,用一般现在时,主语是复数,故用are。故填are interested in。]
5.(2024·宿迁中考)Judy (承诺) to serve people in need when he was in college.
promised [句意:朱迪在大学时承诺要为有需要的人服务。promise“承诺”,根据“when he was in college”可知,用一般过去时,动词用过去式。故填promised。]
6.(2024·云南中考)I want to be an astronaut and I hope my dream will (实现) in the future.
come true [句意:我想成为一名宇航员,我希望我的梦想在未来能够实现。come true“实现”,will后用动词原形。故填come true。]
7.(2024·广安中考)My sister Tina often (收集) litter with some volunteers in the park.
collects [句意:我姐姐蒂娜经常和一些志愿者一起在公园里收集垃圾。收集:collect,根据“often”可知,句子用一般现在时,主语是My sister Tina,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填collects。]
8.(2024·济宁邹城模拟)Learning to (解决) problems is very important.
solve [句意:学会解决问题是非常重要的。根据汉语提示,solve“解决”符合题意,learn to do sth.“学会做某事”,为固定表达。故填solve。]
9.(2024·云南昆明一模)I spent the whole day (浏览) my notes before the exam last weekend.
looking through [句意:上周末考试前,我花了一整天的时间翻阅我的笔记。look through“浏览”,固定短语。sb.spend some time doing sth.“某人花多长时间做某事”,固定用法。故填looking through。]
10.(2024·乐山中考)Today,many young Chinese people have a big (梦想) and are serving the country in many ways.
dream [句意:如今,许多中国年轻人怀揣着伟大的梦想,以各种方式为国家服务。dream“梦想”,名词;冠词“a”后跟名词单数形式。故填dream。]
二、单项选择(共8小题;每小题2分,满分16分)
1.(2024·雅安中考)—Mike, do you play computer games?
—Hardly ever.I think it is bad for my study.
A.how often B.how many
C.how long D.how far
A [句意:——迈克,你多久玩一次电脑游戏?——几乎不玩。我认为这对我的学习不利。 考查特殊疑问句。how often多久一次;how many多少;how long多长;how far多远。答语“Hardly ever.”表频率,应用how often提问。故选A。]
2.(2024·绥化中考)— do many farmers put their products online these days
—To sell them more easily.
A.Why B.How C.When
A [句意:——为什么现在很多农民把他们的产品放到网上?——为了更容易卖出去。考查疑问词。Why为什么;How如何;When什么时候。根据“To sell them more easily.”可知,此处是询问原因,所以用Why。故选A。]
3.(2024·临夏州中考)— do you visit your grandparents
—Once a week.We should care about the old.
A.How long B.How often
C.How soon D.How many
B [句意:——你多久去看望你的祖父母一次?——一周一次。我们应该关心老人。考查特殊疑问句。How long多长;How often多久一次;How soon多久;How many多少。根据答语“Once a week.”可知,此处对频率提问。故选B。]
4.(2023·湘西中考) swim on your way home.It's really dangerous.
A.Shouldn't B.Don't C.Doesn't
B [句意:回家的路上不要游泳。这真的很危险。考查祈使句的否定形式。句子是祈使句,其否定形式为“Don't+动词原形”。故选B。]
5.(2023·长春中考)—Which season do you like better in Changchun,winter or autumn
— .I like playing with snow.
A.Yes,I do B.No,I don't
C.Winter D.Autumn
C [句意:——在长春你比较喜欢哪个季节,冬天还是秋天?——冬天。我喜欢玩雪。考查疑问句。根据“winter or autumn”可知,这是在两者中选择,是选择疑问句,直接回答自己的选择。结合“I like playing with snow.”可知,应是喜欢在冬天玩雪。故选C。]
6.(2023·抚顺中考)Look! There some information about traffic safety in this book.
A.is B.are
C.was D.were
A [句意:看!这本书里有一些关于交通安全的信息。考查主谓一致中的There be句型。根据“Look! There some information about traffic safety in this book.”可知,用一般现在时,主语“some information”是不可数名词。故选A。]
7.(2023·白银中考) trying and do your best.
A.Keep B.Keeping
C.To keep D.Kept
A [句意:继续尝试,尽你最大的努力。考查祈使句。根据“and do your best”可知,句子是祈使句,要以动词原形开头。故选A。]
8.(2023·龙东中考)—You haven't visited the Palace Museum,have you
— How I wish to visit it some day!
A.No,I haven't. B.Yes,I haven't.
C.Yes,I have.
A [句意:——你还没有参观过故宫,是吗?——是的。我多么希望有一天我能去参观啊!考查反意疑问句。根据“How I wish to visit it some day!”可知,回答者还没有去参观过,应进行否定回答。故选A。]
三、完形填空(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)
(2024·泰安宁阳模拟)Games and sports not only teach people a lot of useful skills,but also help them to keep fit and healthy.
A large number of people love team sports.They enjoy being a member of a team so they have the chance to 1 the matches and events.They also enjoy sharing the 2 , or failure,with others.While playing,people have to 3 each other,otherwise they can never win.At the same time,it is important to respect rules,because no game will work 4 everyone plays according to them.Team games also teach you that 5 is not the end of the world.You will always have another opportunity and you will be more successful against your competitors next time.
6 , there are many people who just don't like team sports.They have to find other ways to exercise.Perhaps they had a bad 7 with a kind of sport when they were younger.Maybe they feel embarrassed because they think they're not very 8 at a sport.They worry about disappointing the rest of the team if they 9 badly.Team sports are 10 about competitions,and for some people,this is too stressful.So individual (个人的) activities are more suitable for them.
Whether team sports or individual activities,always lead positive lives!
【文章大意】 本文主要讲述了一些人喜欢团队运动,一些人喜欢个人运动,但不管是什么运动,都要过积极的生活。
1.A.come in B.take pride in C.take part in
C [句意:他们喜欢成为团队的一员,所以他们有机会参加比赛和活动。come in进来;take pride in为……而骄傲;take part in参加。根据“the matches and events”(比赛和活动)可知,此处是指参加比赛和活动。故选C。]
2.A.score B.effort C.success
C [句意:他们也喜欢与他人分享成功或失败。score分数;effort努力;success成功。根据“or failure”(或失败)可知,失败对应的是成功。故选C。]
3.A.become B.support C.save
B [句意:在比赛的时候,人们必须互相支持,否则他们永远不会赢。become变成;support支持;save解救。根据“otherwise they can never win”(否则他们永远不会赢)并结合常识可知,彼此需要互相支持。故选B。]
4.A.unless B.when C.if
A [句意:同时,尊重规则也很重要,因为除非每个人都按照规则来玩,否则任何游戏都不会有效。unless除非;when当……时;if如果。根据“because no game will work everyone plays according to them”(因为除非每个人都按照规则来玩,否则任何游戏都不会有效。)可知,后者是前者的否定条件,用unless引导条件状语从句。故选A。]
5.A.winning B.playing C.losing
C [句意:团队游戏也会让你知道输了并不是世界末日。winning赢;playing玩;losing输。根据“You will always have another opportunity and you will become more successful against your competitors next time.”(你总是有另一个机会,下次你会比你的竞争对手更成功。)可知,此处是指输不是世界末日。故选C。]
6.A.However B.Therefore C.Suddenly
A [句意:然而,有很多人就是不喜欢团队运动。However然而;Therefore因此;Suddenly突然。根据“there are many people who just don't like team sports”(有很多人就是不喜欢团队运动)可知,此处与上文一些人喜欢团队运动是转折关系,因此用However表示转折。故选A。]
7.A.interest B.information C.experience
C [句意:也许他们在年轻的时候对某项运动有过不好的体验。interest兴趣;information信息;experience经历,体验。根据“had a bad with a kind of sport”(对某项运动有过不好的)并结合语境可知,此处是指对某种运动有过不好的体验。故选C。]
8.A.excited B.strict C.good
C [句意:也许他们觉得尴尬,因为他们认为自己在某项运动上不是很擅长。excited兴奋的;strict严格的;good好的。根据“they feel embarrassed”(他们觉得尴尬)并结合常识可知,他们不擅长某项运动,be good at“擅长于”。故选C。]
9.A.order B.perform C.watch
B [句意:他们担心如果自己表现不好,会让团队的其他成员失望。order命令;perform表现;watch观看。根据“They worry about disappointing the rest of the team if they badly.”(他们担心如果自己表现不好,会让团队的其他成员失望。)并结合语境可知,此处是指担心表现不好,会让其他团队成员失望。故选B。]
10.A.seldom B.usually C.probably
B [句意:团队运动通常是关于比赛的,对一些人来说,这太有压力了。seldom很少;usually通常;probably可能。根据“Team sports are about competitions”(团队运动是关于比赛的)可知,团队运动通常是关于比赛的。故选B。]
四、综合填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
根据短文内容,用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空,使文章通顺、完整,每词限用一次。
(2024·广元中考)
be neither instead sweet year cook the surprise on understand
In children's eyes,their mothers are always perfect.In my mind,my mother is good at almost everything but she can't cook well.I still remember what happened 1. my father's 35th birthday.
My mother began to cook at 9 o'clock in the morning.Three hours later,only two dishes 2. served on the table—a salad and a roast duck (烤鸭).My father and I really expected 3. roast duck because it was our favourite.Unluckily,the duck was 4. nice in colour nor delicious in taste.How disappointed I was! My mother wanted to cook another one.To my 5. , my father didn't complain (抱怨) at all.6. , he ate one more piece of the duck and smiled at my mother,“Good taste,I love it.Thank you,dear! It's the best roast duck that I have ever had!” My mother smiled happily and said,“Thank you.Happy birthday!”
I couldn't 7. what my father said at that time.Twenty 8. time has passed and my father is 55 years old now.He still loves the food my mother cooks,though she still isn't good at 9. .And I get to know that no one is perfect,including my mother.Nothing is perfect,including my family.But love can make a difference.If there is love,home will be the 10. place in the world.
【文章大意】 本文主要介绍了发生在作者父亲35岁生日那天的事情,作者了解到没有人是完美的,但是如果有爱,家将是世界上最甜蜜的地方。
1.on [句意:我仍然记得我父亲35岁生日那天发生的事情。空后是具体的某一天,用介词on。故填on。]
2.were [句意:三个小时后,餐桌上只上了两道菜——一道沙拉和一只烤鸭。主语two dishes和谓语serve之间是被动关系,此处用被动语态,动作发生在过去,主语是名词复数,be动词用were。故填were。]
3.the [句意:我父亲和我真的很期待烤鸭,因为它是我们的最爱。此处指上文提到的“烤鸭”,用定冠词the。故填the。]
4.neither [句意:不幸的是,这只鸭子颜色不好看,味道也不鲜美。根据“nice in colour nor delicious in taste”可知,此处是neither...nor...“既不……也不……”。故填neither。]
5.surprise [句意:令我惊讶的是,我父亲一点也不抱怨。根据“my father didn't complain”可知,父亲没有抱怨,这让作者很惊讶,to one's surprise“令某人惊讶的是”。故填surprise。]
6.Instead [句意:相反,他又吃了一块烤鸭。根据“he ate one more piece of the duck”可知,他没有抱怨,相反,他又吃了一块,instead“相反”。空处位于句首,单词首字母大写。故填Instead。]
7.understand [句意:我当时听不懂我父亲说什么。根据“couldn't
what my father said at that time”及语境可知,此处指不能理解父亲的话,understand“理解”,情态动词后用动词原形。故填understand。]
8.years' [句意:二十年过去了,我父亲现在55岁了。根据“Twenty
time has passed”可知,此处指二十年的时间过去了,year“年”,twenty后用名词复数,修饰名词time用名词所有格years'。故填years'。]
9.cooking [句意:他仍然喜欢我妈妈做的食物,尽管她仍然不擅长烹饪。根据“He still loves the food my mother cooks,though she still isn't good at”可知,作者的妈妈不擅长烹饪,cook“烹饪”,介词at后用动名词。故填cooking。]
10.sweetest [句意:如果有爱,家将是世界上最甜蜜的地方。根据“home will be the place in the world”可知,家是世界上最甜蜜的地方,用最高级sweetest“最甜蜜的”。故填sweetest。]
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)(共83张PPT)
专题10 句子种类及简单句
语法导航 知识点构主干
砥志研思 语法点摸脉络
简单句
考点一 简单句
简单句的五种基本句型
句型 例句
主谓(不及物动词) Birds fly.
主系表 The bike is new.
句型 例句
主谓(及物动词)宾 My father likes English.
主谓宾宾 His hobby brought him enjoyment.
主谓宾宾补 We keep our classroom clean.
考点二 句子种类
陈述句
类型 结构
肯定句 主语+谓语+其他
否定句 主语+be动词/情态动词/助动词(will/shall/have/has/had)+ not +其他
主语+助动词do/does/did +not+动词原形+其他
主语+否定词 never/hardly/seldom +其他
疑问句
考法1 一般疑问句
一般疑问句是以be动词、助动词或情态动词开头的疑问句,用 yes 或no 来回答。
—Does your mother have lunch at home every day
——你母亲每天在家吃午饭吗?
—No,she doesn't.
——不,她不每天在家吃午饭。
特殊疑问句一般由“特殊疑问词+一般疑问句”构成(疑问词作主语时除外)。回答时不能用yes 或 no,应问什么就回答什么。
(1)常用的疑问词
考法2 特殊疑问句
疑问词 用法 疑问词 用法
who 询问身份 whose 询问所属
what 询问职业、身份或看法(无选择性) which 询问特定的人或物(有选择性)
when 询问时间 where 询问地点
why 询问原因 how 询问方式或感受
(2)常用的疑问短语
how短语 含义 用法
how long 多长时间 提问一段时间时,答语常用“for+一段时间”
多长 提问物体的长度
how often 多久一次 提问频率
how短语 含义 用法
how soon 多久 提问将来的时间,答语常用“in+一段时间”
how far 多远 提问距离
how many 多少 提问数量,后跟可数名词复数
how much 多少;多少钱 提问数量时,后跟不可数名词;还可提问价格或程度
how old 多大 提问年龄
(1)一般疑问句+A or B
—Shall we leave at six or seven
——我们六点离开还是七点离开?
—At six.
——六点。
考法3 选择疑问句
(2)特殊疑问句+A or B
—When will he leave for London,today or tomorrow
——他什么时候出发去伦敦,今天还是明天?
—Tomorrow.
——明天。
【注意】 选择疑问句不能用 yes 或 no 回答,要用一个完整的句子或其省略形式回答。
反意疑问句由“陈述部分+疑问部分”构成。基本原则:前肯后否或前否后肯。
(1)当陈述部分是Let's开头的祈使句时, 疑问部分用 shall we; 当陈述部分是其他祈使句时,疑问部分用 will you。
Let's try again,shall we
咱们再试一次, 好吗?
Give me a hand,will you
帮帮我, 好吗?
考法4 反意疑问句
(2)当陈述部分是There be 句型时, 疑问部分的主语用there。
There are some bananas in the basket,aren't there
篮子里有些香蕉, 是吗?
(3)当陈述部分有否定词(如hardly,seldom,never,few,little等)时,疑问部分用肯定形式。
He hardly remembers his old friend's name,does he
他几乎不记得他老朋友的名字了, 对吗?
(4)当陈述部分有否定前缀的词(impossible,unhappy 等)时, 疑问部分用否定形式。
He looks unhappy,doesn't he
他看上去不高兴,是吗?
(5)反意疑问句的回答
①如果事实是肯定的,就用Yes; 如果事实是否定的,就用 No。同时注意: 答句的语法正确, 不能肯定和否定回答混用。
—He likes playing football,doesn't he?
——他喜欢踢足球, 是吗?
—Yes,he does./No,he doesn't.
——是的,他喜欢。/不,他不喜欢。
②当陈述部分是否定形式,疑问部分是肯定形式时,回答 Yes 或 No 与汉语相反。
—His sister didn't attend the meeting,did she?
——他的姐姐没有参加会议,是吗?
—Yes,she did./No,she didn't.
——不,她参加了。/是的,她没参加。
感叹句
考法1 what引导的感叹句
结构 例句
What+a/an+adj.+可数名词单数(+主语+谓语)! What a beautiful mountain it is!
What+adj.+可数名词复数(+主语+谓语)! What great inventions he has made!
What+adj.+不可数名词 (+主语+谓语)! What bad weather it is today!
考法2 how引导的感叹句
结构 例句
How+adj./adv.(+主语+谓语)! How quickly Tom runs!
How+adj.+a/an+可数名词单数(+主语+谓语)! How clever a boy he is!
How+主语+谓语! How time flies!
祈使句
考法1 肯定的祈使句
句式 例句
动词原形(Do型)+其他 Listen to me carefully,please!
Be+表语+其他 Be quiet,please!
Let's+动词原形+其他 Let's go to the library.
考法2 否定的祈使句
句式 例句
Don't +动词原形+其他 Don't be late for school!
Never +动词原形+其他 Never give up!
No+名词或动名词 No photos! No smoking!
Let's not +动词原形 Let's not have a cold drink!
语法一致就是主语和谓语在语法上保持一致。
(1)在一般句子中,主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致。
This apple is green,those are red.
这个苹果是绿的,那些是红的。
主谓一致
考法1 语法一致
(2)当and或both...and...连接名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
Dave and Jeff are from America.
戴夫和杰夫来自美国。
(3)不定代词something,anything,everything,nothing,somebody,anybody,everybody,
nobody,someone,anyone,everyone,no one,either等作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
Nothing is wrong with your bike.
你的自行车没毛病。
(4)主语后接 with,along with,together with,rather than,including,besides,like,except,but等短语时,谓语动词的单复数形式由前面主语的单复数形式决定。
Mr.Li with his wife and three children has gone to Beijing.
李先生和他的妻子及三个孩子去北京了。
(5)“a lot of /lots of,plenty of,most of,the rest of,half of+名词”和“分数或百分数+of+名词”作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式取决于该名词,如果是不可数名词,谓语动词用单数形式;如果是可数名词复数,谓语动词用复数形式。
Ninety percent of the children like fast food.
百分之九十的孩子喜欢快餐。
意义一致就是从意义上着眼处理主谓关系。
(1)由and连接的两个名词作主语,如果是指同一人、同一事物或同一概念,则谓语动词用单数形式。
The writer and teacher is coming soon.
那位作家兼教师很快就要来了。
考法2 意义一致
(2)表示金钱、价格、时间、长度等的复数名词或词组作主语时,一般被看作一个整体,谓语动词用单数形式。
I think twenty years is quite a long time.
我认为二十年是相当长的一段时间。
(3)family,class,group,crowd,company,staff等集体名词作主语时,如果表示整体概念,谓语动词用单数形式;如果表示集体中的成员,谓语动词用复数形式。
Her family are friendly to others.
她的家人对别人很友好。
(4)people,police等作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
The people here are really happy.
这里的人们真的很幸福。
就近原则指如果句子中有两个或两个以上的主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式要根据靠近它的主语的单复数来确定。主要有以下两种情况:
(1)or,either...or...,neither...nor...,not only...but also...等连接并列主语时。
Either you or he is wrong.
不是你错了就是他错了。
考法3 就近原则
(2)There be 句型中有多个名词作主语时,谓语动词常与最靠近 be 的名词的单复数一致。
There is a table and three chairs in his bedroom.
他的卧室里有一张桌子和三把椅子。
1.(2024·北京中考)—Lily,your new schoolbag is pretty.________ did you buy it
—In a store near my home.
A.How B.Where
C.Why D.When
√
B [句意:——莉莉,你的新书包很漂亮。你在哪里买的?——在我家附近的一家商店。考查特殊疑问句。How怎么;Where哪里;Why为什么;When 什么时候。根据答语“In a store near my home.”可知,此处询问在哪里买的书包。故选B。]
2.(2024·宿迁中考)—Fanfan,________ do you read books after school every day
—For about one hour.And I often write down my ideas while reading.
A.how far B.how long
C.how often D.how soon
√
B [句意:——樊凡,你每天放学后读多长时间书?——大约一个小时。我经常在阅读时写下我的想法。考查特殊疑问句。how far多远,对距离提问;how long多久,对时间段提问;how often多久一次,对频率提问;how soon多久,对将来时间提问。根据答语“For about one hour.”可知,此处对时间段提问,用how long。故选B。]
3.(2024·宿迁中考)—________ fine weather! It's a good match for going on a picnic.
—Exactly.I simply can't wait!
A.How B.What
C.How a D.What a
B [句意:——多好的天气啊!这很适合去野餐。 ——确实不错。我简直等不及了!考查感叹句。根据“fine weather”可知,中心词weather是不可数名词,结合感叹句结构“What+adj.+不可数名词+(主谓)!”可知,What符合题意。故选B。]
√
4.(2024·常州中考)—________ is it from Changzhou to Beijing
—It is about four hours' ride by high-speed train.
A.How long B.How far
C.How soon D.How often
B [句意:——从常州到北京有多远?——坐高铁大约需要4个小时。考查特殊疑问句。How long多久;How far多远;How soon多久以后;How often多久一次。根据答语“It is about four hours' ride by high-speed train.”可知,此处对距离提问,用疑问词How far。故选B。]
√
5.(2024·临夏中考)—________ wonderful experience our family had in the Mogao Caves!
—I'm glad you had a good time.
A.What B.How
C.How a D.What a
√
D [句意:——我们全家在莫高窟的经历真是太棒了!——我很高兴你玩得开心。考查感叹句。根据“________ wonderful experience our family had in the Mogao Caves!”可知,此句应为what引导的感叹句,结构为“What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!”,experience在此处表示“经历”,是可数名词,wonderful是发音以辅音音素开头的单词,用不定冠词a修饰。故选D。]
6.(2024·长春中考)________ helpful the speech is! It tells us to use the Internet safely.
A.What B.What a
C.How D.What an
C [句意:这演讲真有帮助!它告诉我们要安全地使用互联网。考查感叹句。句子是感叹句,中心词是形容词helpful,用感叹句结构“How+adj.+主谓!”。故选C。]
√
7.(2024·龙东中考)—Must I answer this question in English?
—No,you ________.
A.mustn't B.needn't
C.can't
B [句意:——我必须用英语回答这个问题吗?——不,你不必。考查情态动词及一般疑问句。mustn't表禁止;needn't不必;can't不能。上文是情态动词must引导的一般疑问句,否定回答是:No,主语+needn't/don't have to。故选B。]
√
8.(2024·长春中考)—________ are these sports socks
—10 yuan for 3 pairs.
A.How many B.How much
C.How often D.How long
B [句意:——这些运动袜多少钱?——10元3双。考查特殊疑问句。How many多少;How much多少钱;How often多久一次;How long多长时间。根据“10 yuan for 3 pairs.”可知,此处询问价格,疑问词用How much。故选B。]
√
9.(2024·龙东中考)—The old man never feels lonely,________?
—No,because he has many friends.
A.does he B.won't he
C.doesn't he
A [句意:——这位老人从不感到孤独,是吗?——是的,因为他有很多朋友。考查反意疑问句。此处是反意疑问句,遵循“前否后肯,前肯后否”原则。never表否定,故疑问句部分是肯定形式。故选A。]
√
课时规范训练(三十五)
考查范围:专题10 句子种类及简单句
(建议用时 30分钟)
一、根据汉语提示填写单词或短语(共10小题;每小题2分,满分20分)
1.The young man wanted to start his own business badly,and he _________ (成功) after years of hard work.
succeeded [句意:这个年轻人非常想要开创自己的事业,经过多年的努力,他成功了。分析句子可知,本句缺少谓语动词;“成功”译成succeed;结合空前wanted可知,这里要用一般过去时。故填succeeded。]
succeeded
2.(2024·泰安宁阳模拟)Yesterday Tom invited me to take part in the New Year celebration,and I ________ (接受) happily.
accepted [句意:昨天汤姆邀请我参加新年庆祝活动,我高兴地接受了。根据题干中的“Yesterday Tom invited me”可知,句子时态为一般过去时。再根据所给汉语提示以及题干可知,此处应用动词“接受”,应译为accept,此处应用其过去式accepted。故填accepted。]
accepted
3.(2024·云南西双版纳一模)As we all know,Kunming _________________ (因……而闻名) its warm weather.
is famous/known for [句意:众所周知,昆明因为它温暖的天气而闻名。因为……而闻名:be famous/known for;句子用一般现在时,主语是Kunming,be动词用is。故填is famous/known for。]
is famous/known for
4.(2024·云南昆明一模)More and more foreigners _______________ (对……感兴趣) Chinese poems.
are interested in [句意:越来越多的外国人对中国诗歌感兴趣。be interested in“对……感兴趣”,陈述现阶段存在的事实,用一般现在时,主语是复数,故用are。故填are interested in。]
are interested in
5.(2024·宿迁中考)Judy ________ (承诺) to serve people in need when he was in college.
promised [句意:朱迪在大学时承诺要为有需要的人服务。promise“承诺”,根据“when he was in college”可知,用一般过去时,动词用过去式。故填promised。]
promised
6.(2024·云南中考)I want to be an astronaut and I hope my dream will ________ (实现) in the future.
come true [句意:我想成为一名宇航员,我希望我的梦想在未来能够实现。come true“实现”,will后用动词原形。故填come true。]
come true
7.(2024·广安中考)My sister Tina often ______ (收集) litter with some volunteers in the park.
collects [句意:我姐姐蒂娜经常和一些志愿者一起在公园里收集垃圾。收集:collect,根据“often”可知,句子用一般现在时,主语是My sister Tina,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填collects。]
collects
8.(2024·济宁邹城模拟)Learning to _____ (解决) problems is very important.
solve [句意:学会解决问题是非常重要的。根据汉语提示,solve“解决”符合题意,learn to do sth.“学会做某事”,为固定表达。故填solve。]
solve
9.(2024·云南昆明一模)I spent the whole day _______________ (浏览) my notes before the exam last weekend.
looking through [句意:上周末考试前,我花了一整天的时间翻阅我的笔记。look through“浏览”,固定短语。sb.spend some time doing sth.“某人花多长时间做某事”,固定用法。故填looking through。]
looking through
10.(2024·乐山中考)Today,many young Chinese people have a big ______ (梦想) and are serving the country in many ways.
dream [句意:如今,许多中国年轻人怀揣着伟大的梦想,以各种方式为国家服务。dream“梦想”,名词;冠词“a”后跟名词单数形式。故填dream。]
dream
二、单项选择(共8小题;每小题2分,满分16分)
1.(2024·雅安中考)—Mike,________ do you play computer games?
—Hardly ever.I think it is bad for my study.
A.how often B.how many
C.how long D.how far
A [句意:——迈克,你多久玩一次电脑游戏?——几乎不玩。我认为这对我的学习不利。 考查特殊疑问句。how often多久一次;how many多少;how long多长;how far多远。答语“Hardly ever.”表频率,应用how often提问。故选A。]
√
2.(2024·绥化中考)—________ do many farmers put their products online these days
—To sell them more easily.
A.Why B.How C.When
√
A [句意:——为什么现在很多农民把他们的产品放到网上?——为了更容易卖出去。考查疑问词。Why为什么;How如何;When什么时候。根据“To sell them more easily.”可知,此处是询问原因,所以用Why。故选A。]
3.(2024·临夏州中考)—________ do you visit your grandparents
—Once a week.We should care about the old.
A.How long B.How often
C.How soon D.How many
√
B [句意:——你多久去看望你的祖父母一次?——一周一次。我们应该关心老人。考查特殊疑问句。How long多长;How often多久一次;How soon多久;How many多少。根据答语“Once a week.”可知,此处对频率提问。故选B。]
4.(2023·湘西中考)________ swim on your way home.It's really dangerous.
A.Shouldn't B.Don't C.Doesn't
√
B [句意:回家的路上不要游泳。这真的很危险。考查祈使句的否定形式。句子是祈使句,其否定形式为“Don't+动词原形”。故选B。]
5.(2023·长春中考)—Which season do you like better in Changchun,winter or autumn
—________.I like playing with snow.
A.Yes,I do B.No,I don't
C.Winter D.Autumn
√
C [句意:——在长春你比较喜欢哪个季节,冬天还是秋天?——冬天。我喜欢玩雪。考查疑问句。根据“winter or autumn”可知,这是在两者中选择,是选择疑问句,直接回答自己的选择。结合“I like playing with snow.”可知,应是喜欢在冬天玩雪。故选C。]
6.(2023·抚顺中考)Look! There ________ some information about traffic safety in this book.
A.is B.are
C.was D.were
√
A [句意:看!这本书里有一些关于交通安全的信息。考查主谓一致中的There be句型。根据“Look! There ________ some information about traffic safety in this book.”可知,用一般现在时,主语“some information”是不可数名词。故选A。]
7.(2023·白银中考)________ trying and do your best.
A.Keep B.Keeping
C.To keep D.Kept
√
A [句意:继续尝试,尽你最大的努力。考查祈使句。根据“and do your best”可知,句子是祈使句,要以动词原形开头。故选A。]
8.(2023·龙东中考)—You haven't visited the Palace Museum,have you
—________ How I wish to visit it some day!
A.No,I haven't. B.Yes,I haven't.
C.Yes,I have.
√
A [句意:——你还没有参观过故宫,是吗?——是的。我多么希望有一天我能去参观啊!考查反意疑问句。根据“How I wish to visit it some day!”可知,回答者还没有去参观过,应进行否定回答。故选A。]
三、完形填空(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)
(2024·泰安宁阳模拟)Games and sports not only teach people a lot of useful skills,but also help them to keep fit and healthy.
A large number of people love team sports.They enjoy being a member of a team so they have the chance to 1 the matches and events.They also enjoy sharing the 2 , or failure,with others.While playing,people have to 3 each other,otherwise they can never win.At the same time,it is important to respect rules,because no game will work 4 everyone plays according to them.Team games also teach you that 5 is not the end of the world.You will always have another opportunity and you will be more successful against your competitors next time.
6 , there are many people who just don't like team sports.They have to find other ways to exercise.Perhaps they had a bad 7 with a kind of sport when they were younger.Maybe they feel embarrassed because they think they're not very 8 at a sport.They worry about disappointing the rest of the team if they 9 badly.Team sports are 10 about competitions,and for some people,this is too stressful.So individual (个人的) activities are more suitable for them.
Whether team sports or individual activities,always lead positive lives!
【文章大意】 本文主要讲述了一些人喜欢团队运动,一些人喜欢个人运动,但不管是什么运动,都要过积极的生活。
√
1.A.come in B.take pride in C.take part in
C [句意:他们喜欢成为团队的一员,所以他们有机会参加比赛和活动。come in进来;take pride in为……而骄傲;take part in参加。根据“the matches and events”(比赛和活动)可知,此处是指参加比赛和活动。故选C。]
√
2.A.score B.effort C.success
C [句意:他们也喜欢与他人分享成功或失败。score分数;effort努力;success成功。根据“or failure”(或失败)可知,失败对应的是成功。故选C。]
√
3.A.become B.support C.save
B [句意:在比赛的时候,人们必须互相支持,否则他们永远不会赢。become变成;support支持;save解救。根据“otherwise they can never win”(否则他们永远不会赢)并结合常识可知,彼此需要互相支持。故选B。]
√
4.A.unless B.when C.if
A [句意:同时,尊重规则也很重要,因为除非每个人都按照规则来玩,否则任何游戏都不会有效。unless除非;when当……时;if如果。根据“because no game will work ________ everyone plays according to them”(因为除非每个人都按照规则来玩,否则任何游戏都不会有效。)可知,后者是前者的否定条件,用unless引导条件状语从句。故选A。]
√
5.A.winning B.playing C.losing
C [句意:团队游戏也会让你知道输了并不是世界末日。winning赢;playing玩;losing输。根据“You will always have another opportunity and you will become more successful against your competitors next time.”(你总是有另一个机会,下次你会比你的竞争对手更成功。)可知,此处是指输不是世界末日。故选C。]
√
6.A.However B.Therefore C.Suddenly
A [句意:然而,有很多人就是不喜欢团队运动。However然而;Therefore因此;Suddenly突然。根据“there are many people who just don't like team sports”(有很多人就是不喜欢团队运动)可知,此处与上文一些人喜欢团队运动是转折关系,因此用However表示转折。故选A。]
√
7.A.interest B.information C.experience
C [句意:也许他们在年轻的时候对某项运动有过不好的体验。interest兴趣;information信息;experience经历,体验。根据“had a bad ________ with a kind of sport”(对某项运动有过不好的)并结合语境可知,此处是指对某种运动有过不好的体验。故选C。]
√
8.A.excited B.strict C.good
C [句意:也许他们觉得尴尬,因为他们认为自己在某项运动上不是很擅长。excited兴奋的;strict严格的;good好的。根据“they feel embarrassed”(他们觉得尴尬)并结合常识可知,他们不擅长某项运动,be good at“擅长于”。故选C。]
√
9.A.order B.perform C.watch
B [句意:他们担心如果自己表现不好,会让团队的其他成员失望。order命令;perform表现;watch观看。根据“They worry about disappointing the rest of the team if they ________ badly.”(他们担心如果自己表现不好,会让团队的其他成员失望。)并结合语境可知,此处是指担心表现不好,会让其他团队成员失望。故选B。]
√
10.A.seldom B.usually C.probably
B [句意:团队运动通常是关于比赛的,对一些人来说,这太有压力了。seldom很少;usually通常;probably可能。根据“Team sports are ________ about competitions”(团队运动是关于比赛的)可知,团队运动通常是关于比赛的。故选B。]
四、综合填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
根据短文内容,用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空,使文章通顺、完整,每词限用一次。
(2024·广元中考)
be neither instead sweet year cook the surprise on understand
In children's eyes,their mothers are always perfect.In my mind,my mother is good at almost everything but she can't cook well.I still remember what happened 1.___ my father's 35th birthday.
My mother began to cook at 9 o'clock in the morning.Three hours later,only two dishes 2._____ served on the table—a salad and a roast duck (烤鸭).My father and I really expected 3.____ roast duck because it was our favourite.Unluckily,the duck was”
on
were
the
4._______ nice in colour nor delicious in taste.How disappointed I was! My mother wanted to cook another one.To my 5.________, my father didn't complain (抱怨) at all.6._______, he ate one more piece of the duck and smiled at my mother,“Good taste,I love it.Thank you,dear! It's the best roast duck that I have ever had!” My mother smiled happily and said,“Thank you.Happy birthday!
neither
surprise
Instead
I couldn't 7.___________ what my father said at that time.Twenty 8.______ time has passed and my father is 55 years old now.He still loves the food my mother cooks,though she still isn't good at 9._______.And I get to know that no one is perfect,including my mother.Nothing is perfect,including my family.But love can make a difference.If there is love,home will be the 10.________ place in the world.
【文章大意】 本文主要介绍了发生在作者父亲35岁生日那天的事情,作者了解到没有人是完美的,但是如果有爱,家将是世界上最甜蜜的地方。
understand
years'
cooking
sweetest
1.on [句意:我仍然记得我父亲35岁生日那天发生的事情。空后是具体的某一天,用介词on。故填on。]
2.were [句意:三个小时后,餐桌上只上了两道菜——一道沙拉和一只烤鸭。主语two dishes和谓语serve之间是被动关系,此处用被动语态,动作发生在过去,主语是名词复数,be动词用were。故填were。]
3.the [句意:我父亲和我真的很期待烤鸭,因为它是我们的最爱。此处指上文提到的“烤鸭”,用定冠词the。故填the。]
4.neither [句意:不幸的是,这只鸭子颜色不好看,味道也不鲜美。根据“nice in colour nor delicious in taste”可知,此处是neither...nor...“既不……也不……”。故填neither。]
5.surprise [句意:令我惊讶的是,我父亲一点也不抱怨。根据“my father didn't complain”可知,父亲没有抱怨,这让作者很惊讶,to one's surprise“令某人惊讶的是”。故填surprise。]
6.Instead [句意:相反,他又吃了一块烤鸭。根据“he ate one more piece of the duck”可知,他没有抱怨,相反,他又吃了一块,instead“相反”。空处位于句首,单词首字母大写。故填Instead。]
7.understand [句意:我当时听不懂我父亲说什么。根据“couldn't ________ what my father said at that time”及语境可知,此处指不能理解父亲的话,understand“理解”,情态动词后用动词原形。故填understand。]
8.years' [句意:二十年过去了,我父亲现在55岁了。根据“Twenty ________ time has passed”可知,此处指二十年的时间过去了,year“年”,twenty后用名词复数,修饰名词time用名词所有格years'。故填years'。]
9.cooking [句意:他仍然喜欢我妈妈做的食物,尽管她仍然不擅长烹饪。根据“He still loves the food my mother cooks,though she still isn't good at”可知,作者的妈妈不擅长烹饪,cook“烹饪”,介词at后用动名词。故填cooking。]
10.sweetest [句意:如果有爱,家将是世界上最甜蜜的地方。根据“home will be the ________ place in the world”可知,家是世界上最甜蜜的地方,用最高级sweetest“最甜蜜的”。故填sweetest。]专题10 句子种类及简单句
砥志研思·语法点摸脉络
练多维
1.B [句意:——莉莉,你的新书包很漂亮。你在哪里买的?——在我家附近的一家商店。考查特殊疑问句。How怎么;Where哪里;Why为什么;When 什么时候。根据答语“In a store near my home.”可知,此处询问在哪里买的书包。故选B。]
2.B [句意:——樊凡,你每天放学后读多长时间书?——大约一个小时。我经常在阅读时写下我的想法。考查特殊疑问句。how far多远,对距离提问;how long多久,对时间段提问;how often多久一次,对频率提问;how soon多久,对将来时间提问。根据答语“For about one hour.”可知,此处对时间段提问,用how long。故选B。]
3.B [句意:——多好的天气啊!这很适合去野餐。 ——确实不错。我简直等不及了!考查感叹句。根据“fine weather”可知,中心词weather是不可数名词,结合感叹句结构“What+adj.+不可数名词+(主谓)!”可知,What符合题意。故选B。]
4.B [句意:——从常州到北京有多远?——坐高铁大约需要4个小时。考查特殊疑问句。How long多久;How far多远;How soon多久以后;How often多久一次。根据答语“It is about four hours'ride by high-speed train.”可知,此处对距离提问,用疑问词How far。故选B。]
5.D [句意:——我们全家在莫高窟的经历真是太棒了!——我很高兴你玩得开心。考查感叹句。根据“ wonderful experience our family had in the Mogao Caves!”可知,此句应为what引导的感叹句,结构为“What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!”,experience在此处表示“经历”,是可数名词,wonderful是发音以辅音音素开头的单词,用不定冠词a修饰。故选D。]
6.C [句意:这演讲真有帮助!它告诉我们要安全地使用互联网。考查感叹句。句子是感叹句,中心词是形容词helpful,用感叹句结构“How+adj.+主谓!”。故选C。]
7.B [句意:——我必须用英语回答这个问题吗?——不,你不必。考查情态动词及一般疑问句。mustn't表禁止;needn't不必;can't不能。上文是情态动词must引导的一般疑问句,否定回答是:No,主语+needn't/don't have to。故选B。]
8.B [句意:——这些运动袜多少钱?——10元3双。考查特殊疑问句。How many多少;How much多少钱;How often多久一次;How long多长时间。根据“10 yuan for 3 pairs.”可知,此处询问价格,疑问词用How much。故选B。]
9.A [句意:——这位老人从不感到孤独,是吗?——是的,因为他有很多朋友。考查反意疑问句。此处是反意疑问句,遵循“前否后肯,前肯后否”原则。never表否定,故疑问句部分是肯定形式。故选A。]