热点话题写作九 科技与发明
审题定向
1．第一；第三 2．议论 3．一般现在
谋篇布局
share one computer；talks to his customers；checks the times of trains，makes travel plans，and buys tickets；listen to music or watch movies；play computer games；very funny；it wastes time and it is bad for our health and eyes
妙笔生花
①My father，who is a manager of a company，often talks to his customers on the computer．
②In my opinion，playing computer games is very funny．However，it wastes our time and it is also bad for our health as well as our eyes．
真题实战
【参考范文】
I want to invent a special pen
I want to invent a special pen that can help students learn more efficiently．
It looks like a normal pen．This pen will have a built-in dictionary and translation function，allowing students to look up words and translate sentences instantly．It will also have a voice recording feature，so students can record lectures and listen to them later．The pen will be lightweight and easy to carry，making it perfect to use in classrooms，libraries，and at home．
I believe this pen will greatly enhance students'learning experiences and make studying more enjoyable and effective．(共154张PPT)
科技与发明
伴随着社会的进步和发展，科技与发明在日常生活中发挥着越来越大的作用，也成为中考常考的话题，通常从以下角度命题：描述一项产生重大影响的科技发明；探讨科技发展带来的利弊；想象未来科技发明会如何改变我们的生活。针对这一话题，要求学生能够逻辑清晰、要点齐全地阐述自己的观点。
你家的电脑由你和父亲共同使用。你父亲是一位公司经理，你是一个中学生。请你根据以下提示，用英语写一篇短文，介绍一下你们平时用电脑做什么，并谈谈你对玩电脑游戏的看法。
提示：
1．你父亲经常用电脑跟客户交谈、上网查看火车信息等；
2．你在周末用电脑听音乐、看电影，但很少玩电脑游戏；
3．你对玩电脑游戏的看法。
注意事项：
1．短文词数80—100；
2．短文必须包含以上内容，但可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．短文的开头部分已给出，不计入总词数；
4．文中不得出现真实的人名和地名。
We have a computer in our home，my father and I share it．________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1．人称：描述“我”和爸爸用电脑做什么事情，以____人称和____人称来介绍；
2．体裁：谈论对电脑游戏的看法，是____文；
3．时态：阐述使用电脑和对电脑游戏的观点，采用________时。
第一
第三
议论
一般现在
share one computer
talks to his customers
checks the times of trains，makes travel plans，and buys tickets
listen to music or watch movies
play computer games
very funny
it wastes time and it is bad for our health and eyes
参考范文
We have a computer in our home，my father and I share it．①My father is a manager of a company，so he often talks to his customers on the computer．He also goes on the Internet to check the times of trains，make travel plans，and buy tickets．
I often listen to music or watch movies on it at weekends．But I seldom play computer games on the Internet．②In my opinion，playing computer games is very funny，but it wastes our time and it is also bad for our health and eyes．
句式升级
①用定语从句升级句子
___________________________________________________________________________________
②用as well as升级句子
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
My father，who is a manager of a company，often talks to his customers on the computer．
In my opinion，playing computer games is very funny．However，it wastes our time and it is also bad for our health as well as our eyes．
(2024·枣庄中考)为了培养学生的发明和创新精神，学校将举行中学生科技创新大赛。假定你是李华，你准备发明一件物品，参加本次大赛。请你以“I want to invent ________”为题，写一篇英语短文，介绍你的发明物。内容包括：
注意：(1)请先补全标题；
(2)短文须全面反映图文信息；
(3)文中不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息；
(4)词数 80—100。
I want to invent a special ________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
I want to invent a special pen
I want to invent a special pen that can help students learn more efficiently．
It looks like a normal pen．This pen will have a built-in dictionary and translation function，allowing students to look up words and translate sentences instantly．It will also have a voice recording feature，so students can record lectures and listen to them later．The pen will be lightweight and easy to carry，making it perfect to use in classrooms，libraries，and at home．
I believe this pen will greatly enhance students' learning experiences and make studying more enjoyable and effective．
题型组合评价(九) 科技与发明
(建议用时 80分钟)
一、完形填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
(2024·潍坊寿光模拟)At the beginning of the school year，the introduction of pre-made meals in schools drew much public attention．Some parents have expressed 1 about the taste and safety of pre-made meals．
Pre-cooked food has been prepared and cooked in advance (提前) so that it only needs to be heated quickly before eating it．Such food can be divided into 2 main groups based on the level of processing difficulty：ready-to-assemble (即配)，ready-to-cook，ready-to-heat and ready-to-eat．For example，frozen dumplings 3 need to be cooked in hot water before eating，fall into the third group．These products have the advantage of a long shelf life (保存期) and are convenient for eating．
When it comes to children，however，red flags 4 ．Adults may sometimes choose pre-made meals for 5 for convenience，but very few eat them every day，let alone (更不用说) want their children to do so．And some products may have certain food additives (食品添加剂)．Parents worry that they are 6 to their children's health．
Experts say that under perfect conditions，pre-cooked food can better 7 the quality of food．As technology improves，most businesses are using new technologies， 8 rapid freezing，to keep food fresh．At the same time，they also believe that pre-made meals in schools must meet safety standards and follow strict entry processes．And parents should have a choice about the food．They also suggest that clear 9 for pre-cooked food should be made before it's introduced to more people．
A saying goes：The food is what matters to the people．How to keep the quality and safety of food is our 10 ， we should pay more attention to it．
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了预制菜以及与其有关的安全问题。
√
1．A．feelings B．suggestions C．worries
C [句意：一些家长表达了对预制菜的味道和安全性的担忧。feeling感觉；suggestion建议；worry担忧。根据下文“Parents worry that they are”可知，此处表达家长的担心。故选C。]
√
2．A．three B．four C．six
B [句意：这类食物可以根据加工难度的高低分为四组。three三；four四；six六。根据“ready-to-assemble (即配)，ready-to-cook，ready-to-heat and ready-to-eat”可知，是指四种。故选B。]
√
3．A．which B．why C．where
A [句意：例如，冷冻饺子需要在热水中煮熟后再食用。which哪一个；why为什么；where哪儿。分析句子结构可知，此处考查定语从句，先行词是dumplings，指物，且在从句中作主语。故选A。]
√
4．A．are bought B．are mentioned C．are raised
C [句意：然而，当涉及到儿童时，危险信号就会出现。are bought被购买；are mentioned被提到；are raised被提出。根据“Adults may sometimes choose pre-made meals...but very few eat them every day，let alone (更不用说) want their children to do so．”可知，前面涉及儿童问题时，危险信号会被提出来。选C。]
√
5．A．them B．themselves C．us
B [句意：为了方便起见，成年人有时会为自己选择预制菜。them 他们，宾格；themselves 他们自己；us我们。根据“Adults may sometimes choose pre-made meals for...for convenience”可知，为他们自己选择预制菜。故选B。]
√
6．A．dangerous B．terrible C．harmful
C [句意：父母担心它们对孩子的健康有害。dangerous危险的；terrible可怕的；harmful有害的。根据“And some products may have certain food additives(食品添加剂)．”可知，家长担心食品添加剂对孩子身体有害。故选C。]
√
7．A．develop B．control C．solve
A [句意：专家说，在完美的条件下，预制菜可以更好地提高食物的质量。develop提高；control控制；solve解决。根据“the quality of food”可知，预制菜能改善食物质量。故选A。]
√
8．A．for example B．belong to C．as well as
A [句意：随着技术的进步，大多数企业都在使用新的技术，例如，快速冷冻，来保持食物的新鲜。for example例如；belong to属于；as well as也。根据“new technologies”以及“rapid freezing”可知，此处是在举例子。故选A。]
√
9．A．notes B．attentions C．rules
C [句意：他们还建议在将预制菜介绍给更多的人之前，应该制定明确的规则。note笔记；attention说明；rule规则。根据“At the same time，they also believe that pre-made meals in schools must meet safety standards and follow strict entry processes．”可知，预制菜需要制定规则。故选C。]
10．A．education B．duty C．challenge
√
B [句意：如何保证食物的质量和安全是我们的职责，我们应该更加重视。education教育；duty责任；challenge挑战。根据“we should pay more attention to it”可知，保证食品安全是我们的职责。故选B。]
二、阅读(共两节，满分26分)
第一节(共8小题；每小题2分，满分16分)
A
(2024·泰安新泰模拟)Fifty-two-year-old American Henry Evans is one of the world's first teletourists (远程游客)．Henry has travelled to different places all over the world．Under normal environment，this journey would be impossible for him because he is disabled．A serious illness when he was 40 influenced his brain and left him without speech and unable to use his arms or legs．But with the help of technology，Henry is able to overcome his difficulties and get out to see the world．
When Henry wants to visit a museum，he uses a robot called the Beam，a big computer monitor (监视器)．Using head movements，he can drive the machine around the halls，talking to the guide just like any other visitor．Several world's museums already use these machines，and Henry hopes there will soon be more．
To see what is happening outside，Henry uses a tool called Polly．Polly is made up of a monitor and a camera．He controls it by moving his head，so that it turns around and shows him everything his partners can see and hear．
Thanks to technology，Henry can fly drones (无人机) which also enable him to search for something from the air．When he wants to go further afield，he finds a website which has 5，000 drone videos from all over the world．These give him a chance to all kinds of attractive places．
No journey is too far for Henry，who is currently creating the possibility of travelling into space．He got the idea from an article he came across on the Internet．He read that a research team was trying to get access (使用权) for PC users to a robot on the International Space Station．
【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了大脑受到伤害的Henry借助科技，可以环游世界的故事。
1．Why didn't Henry travel many places under normal environment
A．Because his brain was influenced by an illness．
B．Because he had no arms．
C．Because he couldn't stand．
D．Because he had no brain．
√
A [细节理解题。根据第一段“A serious illness when he was 40 influenced his brain and left him without speech and unable to use his arms or legs．”可知，在正常环境下Henry不能到很多地方去参观，这是因为他的大脑受伤了。故选A。]
2．What helped Henry to travel the world
A．The partners．
B．The technology．
C．The PC．
D．The website．
√
B [细节理解题。根据第一段的“But with the help of technology，Henry is able to overcome his difficulties and get out to see the world．”可知，借助科技的帮助，Henry能够环游世界。故选B。]
3．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in Paragraph 3
A．Camera． B．Beam．
C．Monitor． D．Polly．
√
D [代词指代题。根据“Polly is made up of a monitor and a camera．”可知，“it”指的是Polly。故选D。]
4．What can we infer from the passage
A．PC users will go into space through the Internet．
B．Robots like Beam will be used in other museums within a year．
C．Polly was once a robot that provided voice services for the
couples．
D．Henry might travel around the world through drone videos on the
website．
√
D [推理判断题。根据第四段的“When he wants to go further afield，he finds a website which has 5，000 drone videos from all over the world．These give him a chance to all kinds of attractive places．”可知，Henry可能会通过网站上的无人机视频环游世界。故选D。]
B
(2024·泰安宁阳模拟)Scientists have
developed a way to read minds，translating
unspoken thoughts into written words．It's the
first time it's been done without having to put anything into the brain．They used artificial intelligence (AI) (人工智能)．It is the name given to a computer system that is able to “think” for itself and carry out tasks that usually require human intelligence．
Scientists used a special scanner (扫描器)．The machine can see where blood runs，which shows the parts of the brain that are most active．People taking part in the experiment (实验) listened to the radio for 16 hours as their brains were scanned．The AI tool learned to connect certain brain activity with words they heard．After that，each person was asked to think of a story，and the AI tool managed to pick up these thoughts as they happened．
The results had about a 50% accuracy rate (准确率)，although the AI found it hard to work out the meaning of pronouns，such as he or she，her or him．For example，it turned “I don't have my driver's license yet” into “She has not even started to learn to drive yet．” It could usually understand the meaning of what someone was thinking rather than the exact words．The AI was personalized，so when it had learned from one person but it was tested on another，it couldn't understand their thoughts．
The scientists，who have been working on the technology for 15 years，say they understand the risks of it being used badly．Scientist Jerry Tang told a newspaper，“We want to make sure people only use these types of technologies when they want to，and that it helps them．”The scientists hope it will help people with certain medical conditions，who are still awake but have lost the ability to speak，to communicate once again．
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了可以读取思想的人工智能技术。
5．What is the main purpose of paragraph 2
A．To describe the process of the experiment．
B．To explain the results of the experiment．
C．To offer some opinions about the experiment．
D．To list the difficulties with the experiment．
√
A [推理判断题。通读第二段并根据其中的关键信息“Scientists used a special scanner (扫描器)...People...listened to the radio...The AI tool learned to...After that...”可知，该段主要描述了该实验的过程。故选A。]
6．What does the example in paragraph 3 show
A．The AI is much cleverer than people．
B．The AI didn't start the work as it was ordered．
C．The AI couldn't understand the exact words of what people thought．
D．The AI will be well developed according to people's special needs．
√
C [细节理解题。根据第三段中的“It could usually understand the meaning of what someone was thinking rather than the exact words．”可知，本段举的例子说明人工智能不能理解人们想到的确切言语。故选C。]
7．What can we learn from the text
A．It is not difficult to take AI under control．
B．AI will not be used in a proper way in the future．
C．AI is so wise that it can treat people with medical problems．
D．It's expected that AI will help those speechless exchange ideas．
√
D [细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The scientists hope it will help people with certain medical conditions，who are still awake but have lost the ability to speak，to communicate once again．”可知，通过这篇文章，我们了解到人们期待人工智能将帮助那些说不出话的人交流思想。故选D。]
8．What can be the best title for the text
A．High Risks of Using AI
B．Mind-Reading Development
C．Importance of Human Brain
D．Ways of Improving Technology
√
B [标题归纳题。根据通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了可以读取思想的人工智能技术，所以B选项“读心术的发展”最适合。故选B。]
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
(2024·乐山中考)E-bikes usually have a big problem—it is much heavier than common bikes．Recently，a Romanian company has solved this problem． 9 In fact，an adult can even lift it easily．
The reason for the low weight is the choice of material (材料)，which is quite unusual．It uses a frame (车架) made of bamboo．
10 What's more，the bamboo frame also makes riding more comfortable，because it has good vibration damping (减震)．
11 Your smartphone is connected to the e-bike．So you can check your riding information in real time through a special app on your smartphone．
The company manager said，“Creating the bikes was a hard journey． 12 To be honest，I really don't remember how many times we had to face the failures (失败)．”
The manager continued，“But in the end，we succeeded．We have created a bike that is light-weight enough，strong enough and smart enough． 13 And now we have successfully developed these bikes to meet the needs of more people in cities．”
A．This e-bike is also very “smart”．
B．So I'm very proud that we never gave up．
C．The weight of this new e-bike is just 15kg．
D．This material makes it light and friendly to environment．
E．It included many years of research，development and failures．
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍一家罗马尼亚公司解决了电动自行车重量重这一问题。
9．C [根据“E-bikes usually have a big problem—it is much heavier than common bikes．Recently，a Romanian company has solved this problem．”可知，此处介绍电动车重量的问题，选项C“这辆新电动自行车的重量只有15千克。”符合语境，故选C。]
10．D [根据“The reason for the low weight is the choice of material (材料)，which is quite unusual．It uses a frame (车架) made of bamboo．”可知，此处提到制造材料，选项D“这种材料轻便，对环境友好。”符合语境，故选D。]
11．A [根据“Your smartphone is connected to the e-bike．So you can check your riding information in real time through a special app on your smartphone．”可知，你的智能手机与电动自行车相连。因此，你可以通过智能手机上的一个特殊应用程序实时查看你的骑行信息。选项A“这辆电动自行车也很‘智能’。”符合语境，故选A。]
12．E [根据“To be honest，I really don't remember how many times we had to face the failures (失败)．”可知，过程经历了很多失败，选项E“它包含了多年的研究、开发和失败。”符合语境，故选E。]
13．B [根据“But in the end，we succeeded．We have created a bike that is light-weight enough，strong enough and smart enough．”可知，最终成功了，选项B“所以我很自豪我们从未放弃。”符合语境，故选B。]
三、综合填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
根据短文内容，用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使文章通顺、完整，每词限用一次。
(2024·泰安东平模拟)
like change tell for father die clear keep still sad
In a heart-warming story from Liaoning Province，Mr．Sun has touched the hearts of many by using AI technology to create a video message from his late (已故的) father to his 91-year-old grandmother．
The touching video captures Sun's feelings as he copies his 1．________ looks and voice．The whole process of video creation took nearly half a month．
father's
In 2022，Sun's father 2．________ he had a rare disease (疾病)．Unluckily，the disease progressed rapidly and the father passed away in 2023． Considering his grandmother's poor health，the family decided to 3．____ the news a secret．They made up a story，telling the elderly woman that her son was 4．____ receiving treatment (治疗) in a hospital in Beijing．But the long separation made the elderly woman miss her son very much．
was told
keep
still
To comfort his grandmother，Sun decided to use AI face-swapping technology to create a video message from his father．Before recording the video，he even shaved off his beard (胡须) to be more 5．____ his late father．
He succeeded in 6．________ his looks into that of his father and sent a message to his grandmother，“Mom，it's Jihai．I'm doing well in Beijing．” The image (形象) of the father in the video was not very 7．_____， and the grandmother believed the white lie (善意的谎言)：
like
changing
clear
Sun said the pain of losing his father always hung over him．Every mention of his father's name or sight of his picture brought great 8．________．However，the responsibility of caring 9．___ his grandmother in place of his father required him to be strong．
“I see this experience as a way to say goodbye to the past，” Sun said．“Although it's still difficult for me to accept my father's 10．_____， I believe in new beginnings and I will be strong enough to be the pillar (支柱) of my family．”
sadness
for
death
【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个感人的故事，主人公孙先生利用AI换脸技术制作了一段来自他已故父亲的视频信息，以此来安慰他的祖母。
1．father's [句意：这段感人的视频拍摄了孙模仿父亲的外貌和声音时的感受。根据空后的名词“looks and voice”可知，空处应填形容词或名词所有格，来修饰名词；再根据上文“to create a video message from his late (已故的) father”可知，应是模仿他父亲的外貌和声音，结合备选词可知，应填father's，故填father's。]
2．was told [句意：2022年，孙的父亲被告知患有一种罕见疾病。分析句子结构可知，空处作谓语，所以应填动词的相关形式；再根据空后内容“he had a rare disease(疾病)”及备选词可知，应是：被告知患有一种罕见疾病；tell告诉，此处应使用被动语态，且结合时间状语“In 2022”及语境可知，应是一般过去时的被动语态，结构是：主语＋was/were＋done (过去分词)＋其他，主语是Sun's father，第三人称单数，所以be动词应用was，tell的过去分词是told，故填was told。]
3．keep [句意：考虑到他祖母身体不好，全家决定对这个消息保密。根据“Considering his grandmother's poor health”可知，应是指对作者父亲去世的这个消息保密；结合备选词可知，应填keep的相关形式，空前有“decided to”，所以空处应填动词原形，构成固定用法decide to do sth．“决定做某事”，故填keep。]
4．still [句意：他们编造了一个故事，告诉这位老妇人，她的儿子仍在北京的一家医院接受治疗。根据“They made up a story”及“her son was...receiving treatment (治疗) in a hospital in Beijing”可知，编造故事是想告诉老人她的儿子没去世，仍在接受治疗；结合备选词可知，still“仍然”符合语境，故填still。]
5．like [句意：在录制视频之前，他甚至剃掉了胡子，更像他已故的父亲。根据“he even shaved off his beard (胡须)”及空后的“his late father”可知，作者剃掉胡子的目的是在视频中使他更像自己已故的父亲；结合备选词可知，like“像”符合语境，故填like。]
6．changing [句意：他成功地把自己的长相变成了父亲的长相，并给祖母发了一条信息。根据上文“he even shaved off his beard (胡须) to be more like his late father”及“...his looks into...”可知，应是：把自己的长相变成了父亲的长相；结合备选词可知，空处应填change的相关形式；再根据空前的“succeeded in”可知，空处应填change的动词-ing形式changing，构成固定用法“succeed in doing sth．(成功做某事)”，故填changing。]
7．clear [句意：视频中父亲的形象不是很清晰，祖母相信了这个善意的谎言。分析句子结构及结合备选词可知，空处在句中作表语，所以应填一个形容词；根据“The image (形象) of the father in the video was not very...”及语境可知，此处表达的应是：视频中父亲的形象不是很清晰，clear“清晰的”，故填clear。]
8．sadness [句意：每当提到他父亲的名字或看到他的照片，都会引起他极大的悲伤。根据空前的形容词great可知，空处应填一个名词；根据“Every mention of his father's name or sight of his picture”及语境可知，父亲的去世带来的应是悲伤；结合备选词可知，应填sad的名词形式sadness，故填sadness。]
9．for [句意：然而，代替父亲照顾祖母的责任要求他坚强。根据“caring...his grandmother in place of his father”及语境可知，此处应是他代替父亲照顾祖母，care for“照顾”，固定用法，故填for。]
10．death [句意：虽然我仍然很难接受父亲的去世，但我相信有新的开始，我会足够坚强，成为家庭的支柱。根据空前的“my father's”可知，空处应填一个名词；再结合全文内容及备选词可知，作者的父亲去世了，所以空处应填die的名词形式death，故填death。]
四、阅读表达(共6小题；1－3小题每题2分；4－6小题每题3分，满分15分)
阅读下面的短文，并根据短文后的要求答题(请注意问题后的词数要求)。
(2024·泰安高新区模拟)Could you imagine being in a car driven by a computer，not a human？Recently，China has made a big step toward self-driving technology．Since August，2023，driverless taxis can run on roads in Wuhan，Chongqing and Shenzhen．
①________ do we develop self-driving cars
Self-driving cars give us many benefits (好处)．They use computers to sense the things around them and make better use of space．This means fewer traffic jams and better parking of cars．For disabled or blind people，self-driving cars can also help ②________ get around more easily．
According to official statistics (统计数据)，self-driving cars could reduce road accidents by 90 percent and save governments a lot of money．The main cause of car accidents is human error (错误)．By using computers，self-driving cars don't make poor decisions or lose focus like humans do．
But self-driving cars aren't perfect．③ something unexpected happens，self-driving cars can't react (反应) as fast as a human driver．Also，during weather events like heavy snow，self-driving cars would fail to see the lines on the road easily．It might lead to an accident．The car's computer system would be broken by someone，causing it to crash or change its direction．
“It is clear that there is a lot of work to do to make self-driving cars a common and safe sight (景象) on our roads．And China is taking the lead in making this happen，” said China Daily．
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了自动驾驶汽车的优缺点。
1．What can run on roads in Wuhan，Chongqing and Shenzhen since August，2023？(No more than 2 words)
_______________
Driverless taxis． [根据“Since August，2023，driverless taxis can run on roads in Wuhan，Chongqing and Shenzhen．”可知，自2023年8月起，无人驾驶出租车可以在武汉、重庆和深圳的道路上行驶。故填Driverless taxis．]
Driverless taxis．
2．What's the main cause of car accidents？(No more than 5 words)
_____________
Human error． [根据“The main cause of car accidents is human error(错误)．”可知，车祸的主要原因是人为失误。故填Human error．]
Human error．
3．What will happen if the car's computer system is broken？(No more than 10 words)
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
It will crash or change its direction．/Causing it to crash or change
its direction．/Crash or change its direction．
It will crash or change its direction．/Causing it to crash or change its direction．/Crash or change its direction． [根据“The car's computer system would be broken by someone，causing it to crash or change its direction．”可知汽车的计算机系统会被人破坏，导致汽车相撞或改变方向。故填It will crash or change its direction．/Causing it to crash or change its direction．/Crash or change its direction．]
4．Fill in each blank in the passage with a proper word．
①_____ ②_____ ③___
①Why ②them ③If [①根据“do we develop self-driving cars”可知，此处询问开发自动驾驶汽车的原因，why“为什么”；②根据“For disabled or blind people，self-driving cars can also help...get around more easily．”可知，此处指帮助残疾人或盲人，作宾语用宾格them；③前句是后句的肯定条件，用if引导条件状语从句。故填Why；them；If。]
Why
them
If
5．Translate the underlined sentence in the sixth paragraph into Chinese．
______________________________________________________________________________________
很明显，要让自动驾驶汽车成为我们的道路上一个常见和安全的
景象，我们还有很多工作要做。
很明显，要让自动驾驶汽车成为我们的道路上一个常见和安全的景象，我们还有很多工作要做。 [It is clear that很明显；there is有；a lot of work to do很多工作要做；make self-driving cars a common and safe sight让自动驾驶汽车成为一个常见和安全的景象；on our roads在我们的道路上。故填：很明显，要让自动驾驶汽车成为我们的道路上一个常见和安全的景象，我们还有很多工作要做。]
6．The technology of self-driving cars is developing fast．Will it make our daily life more convenient or bring us more trouble？Why
_______________________________________________________________________________________
I think it will bring us more trouble．Because self-driving cars can't react as fast as a human driver． [开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案：I think it will bring us more trouble．Because self-driving cars can't react as fast as a human driver．]
I think it will bring us more trouble．Because self-driving cars can't
react as fast as a human driver ．
五、写作(共1小题；满分25分)
(2024·泰安一模)数据显示，我国家庭智能机器人的市场需求正在增强。针对这一现象，你以“Are home robots a good idea？”为主题在班里进行了一项调查并打算在英语活动课上就此发言。请你根据图表中的调查结果写一篇发言稿，陈述同学们的观点及理由并表达你的个人看法。
内容提示：
要求：
1．词数：80—100，开头已给出，不计入总词数；
2．包含上述提示要点，可适当发挥，以使行文连贯；
3．文中不允许出现与考生本人相关的真实姓名和校名等信息。
Are home robots a good idea
As society develops，more and more families use home robots in their daily lives．Is it a good idea？I've made a survey in our class recently．______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Are home robots a good idea
As society develops，more and more families use home robots in their daily lives．Is it a good idea？I've made a survey in our class recently．
56% of the students like the idea．First，home robots help with housework，so people have more time to do things they enjoy．Second，home robots can act as guards．This gives people a sense of security．Third，they can also make people feel less lonely．Fourth，they can help us do the dangerous work．However，31% of the students disagree．Most robots have cameras to collect information．That puts the owners' private information at the risk of being exposed．Besides，depending on the robots too much may make people lazier．
As for the rest of the students，they are not sure if it's a good idea to have a home robot．
In my opinion，home robots can make our lives easier．I will surely get one in the future．
That's all．Thanks for listening．
[总体分析]
①体裁：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：主要时态为一般现在时；
③提示：要结合图表中给出的数据和不同的观点进行描述，最后还要陈述自己的观点。
[亮点词汇]
①act as担任
②at the risk of...有……的风险
③depend on依靠
[高分句型]
Besides，depending on the robots too much may make people lazier．(make sb．adj．)
题型组合评价(十) 传统文化
(建议用时 80分钟)
一、完形填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
As we know，there are 24 solar terms (节气) in China．Grain Rain is one of them and it 1 falls on April 20th and ends on May 5th．
This solar term is called Grain Rain because it is known for “Rain waters the grain”．Grain Rain is the last solar term of spring．After this term ends，it will get 2 ，so you don't need to wear thick
clothes．Grain Rain also means more rainfalls．So if you go out in the solar term，you may need to bring a(n) 3 with you．But this is a great time for planting and farming．Chinese people have an old saying，“ If you don't 4 crops during Grain Rain，you'll feel like a crab (螃蟹) climbing in your heart．” This means that you will feel 5 later if you miss the time for planting．Farmers also begin to grow crops 6 the spring rain falls and they often say，“Spring rain is as valuable as oil．” It brings them good 7 for a good year ahead．
There are also many interesting customs (风俗) during Grain Rain．In the southern part of China，people 8 tea leaves on the days of rain．The tea leaves picked during Grain Rain 9 Grain Rain Tea，which is popular with people．They are famous for their freshness．It's also said that drinking tea during Grain Rain would 10 bad luck and help to be healthier．
Interestingly，Grain Rain is also known as Chinese Language Day in the world．
【文章大意】 本文主要介绍了24节气之一——谷雨。
1．A．never B．ever C．usually
√
C [句意：谷雨就是其中之一，通常从4月20日开始，到5月5日结束。never从不；ever曾经；usually通常。根据常识可知，谷雨通常在4月20日开始，5月5日结束。故选C。]
2．A．warmer B．colder C．cooler
√
A [句意：这个学期结束后，天气会变暖，所以你不需要穿厚衣服。warmer更温暖；colder更冷；cooler更凉爽。根据“so you don't need to wear thick clothes”可知，天气变得更暖和。故选A。]
3．A．sunglasses B．umbrella C．handbag
√
B [句意：因此，如果你在节气外出，你可能需要随身携带一把雨伞。sunglasses太阳镜；umbrella雨伞；handbag手提包。根据“Grain Rain also means more rainfalls．”可知，谷雨时节雨水多，出去要带伞。故选B。]
4．A．plant B．cut C．water
√
A [句意：谷雨不种庄稼，心里就像螃蟹爬。plant种植；cut切割；water浇水。根据下文“if you miss the time for planting”可知，是指种植庄稼。故选A。]
5．A．happy B．scared C．sorry
√
C [句意：这意味着如果你错过了种植的时间，你会后悔的。happy开心的；scared可怕的；sorry后悔的。根据“if you miss the time for planting”可知，如果你错过了种植的时间，你会后悔的。故选C。]
6．A．before B．as C．until
√
B [句意：春雨一到，农民们也开始种庄稼，他们常说：“春雨贵如油。”before在……之前；as随着；until直到。根据“Farmers also begin to grow crops ________ the spring rain falls”可知，随着春雨的降临，农民们开始种庄稼。故选B。]
7．A．way B．project C．luck
√
C [句意：它会给他们带来来年的好运。way方式；project项目；luck运气。根据“Spring rain is as valuable as oil．”可知，这意味着春雨会给他们带来来年的好运。故选C。]
8．A．pick B．grow C．sell
√
A [句意：在中国南方，人们在下雨的日子里采摘茶叶。pick采摘；grow种植；sell卖。根据“tea leaves on the days of rain”可知，是指采茶。故选A。]
9．A．are called B．are told C．are sold
√
A [句意：谷雨时节采摘的茶叶被称为谷雨茶，深受人们的喜爱。are called被称为；are told被告知；are sold被卖。根据“The tea leaves picked during Grain Rain ________ Grain Rain Tea”可知，谷雨时节采摘的茶叶被称为谷雨茶。故选A。]
10．A．catch up with B．keep away from
C．look up to
√
B [句意：也有人说，在谷雨期间喝茶可以远离厄运，有助于健康。catch up with赶上；keep away from远离；look up to敬仰。根据“bad luck”可知，远离厄运。故选B。]
二、阅读(共两节，满分26分)
第一节(共8小题；每小题2分，满分16分)
A
(2024·辽宁大连三模)The Chinese cheongsam，also known as qipao，is a traditional dress that first appeared in the early 20th century in Shanghai．It has become a symbol of Chinese culture and is worn by women around the world．
The cheongsam hugs the curves (曲线) of the body and is mostly made of silk or cotton．It's typical with a high collar (领)，short sleeves (袖) and a short cut on the side of the skirt to make movement easy．
The cheongsam was first worn by wealthy women in Shanghai as a way to show their social positions and wealth．But it quickly became popular among all classes of women as daily clothes．During the 1920s and 1930s，the cheongsam experienced changes and became fitter and better designed with fashionable elements (元素)．Nowadays，designers are creating new styles to follow modern fashion．
Today，the cheongsam is often worn for formal (正式的) situations such as ceremonies，celebrations and cultural events in China．One of the most popular looks of the cheongsam is Anna Wong，a Chinese famous movie star．She often wears cheongsams on and off screen．Her look helps to make the dress win popularity in Hollywood and around the world．
The cheongsam is not just a symbol of fashion，but also of Chinese culture and history．It brings out that Chinese people can always keep up with changing fashion over years．
The cheongsam has stood the test of time．It will continue to catch eyes of the public and give ideas to people for years to come．
【文章大意】 本文介绍了中国传统服饰旗袍的起源、设计特点及其在现代的应用。
1．When did the Chinese cheongsam first appear
A．During the 1900s and 1910s．
B．During the 1920s and 1930s．
C．During the 2000s and 2010s．
D．During the 2020s and 2030s．
A [细节理解题。根据“The Chinese cheongsam，also known as qipao，is a traditional dress that first appeared in the early 20th century in Shanghai．”可知，旗袍在20世纪初出现在上海。故选A。]
√
2．Which design of cheongsam makes movement easy
A．A high collar．
B．Short sleeves．
C．A short cut on the side．
D．Fashionable elements．
√
C [细节理解题。根据“It's typical with a high collar(领)，short sleeves (袖) and a short cut on the side of the skirt to make movement easy．”可知，裙子侧面的开叉设计使得行动更加方便。故选C。]
3．Where would women often wear the cheongsam now according to the passage
A．At a sports meeting．
B．At a Chinese marriage ceremony．
C．At a Thanksgiving celebration．
D．At a birthday party．
√
B [细节理解题。根据“Today，the cheongsam is often worn for formal (正式的) situations such as ceremonies，celebrations and cultural events in China．”可知，如今，在中国，旗袍通常用于正式场合，如仪式、庆祝活动和文化活动，可能在婚礼等场合穿着。故选B。]
4．What's the best title for the passage
A．The Chinese Cheongsam—A New Art
B．The Chinese Cheongsam—A Timeless Classic
C．The Chinese Cheongsam—A Modern Fashion
D．The Chinese Cheongsam—A Typical Tradition
√
B [标题归纳题。根据“The cheongsam has stood the test of time．It will continue to catch eyes of the public and give ideas to people for years to come．”可知，本文介绍了旗袍，旗袍经受了时间的考验，是永恒的经典。故选B。]
B
(2024·黑龙江大庆三模)Dunhuang，a city in Gansu Province，has a history of more than two thousand years．The city was once an important stop on the ancient Silk Road．Since the fourth century，Chinese people have carved (雕刻) caves along the mountain cliffs (悬崖)．However，because of dry weather and the development of tourism，this world-famous treasure has been in danger．Luckily，one woman has taken the lead in protecting Dunhuang．Her name is Fan Jinshi．Her efforts have given her the name “Daughter of Dunhuang．”
Fan discovered her love for Dunhuang while studying at Beijing University．After graduation，she was sent to work in Dunhuang． ▲ The tables，chairs and bed were made of mud (泥巴)．The windows were made of paper．And there were mice everywhere．But the ancient remains in the Mogao Caves amazed Fan．She decided to get over the difficulties and protect them as well as she could．
Over the past 60 years，Fan has walked through Mogao Caves countless times．She has carefully studied every cave．To popularize Dunhuang culture，she has helped organize many successful exhibitions of Dunhuang art．“During the day，I think about Dunhuang．At night，I dream about it．I'll do everything I can for Dunhuang，” she once said．Now at the age of 85，Fan is as busy as ever．She is still working hard to protect the caves．
Beijing University，the place where dreams begin，is also the place where dreams are passed on．Fan donated (捐赠) ten million yuan to Beijing University for Dunhuang studies last year．She hopes young people will find better ways to popularize Dunhuang．
【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了“敦煌女儿”——樊锦诗为守护敦煌莫高窟所做的努力及其对莫高窟的贡献。
5．Which of the following has put Dunhuang in danger according to the passage
A．The rain． B．The mountain．
C．The flood． D．The tourism．
D [细节理解题。根据第一段中“However，because of dry weather and the development of tourism，this world-famous treasure has been in danger．”可知，干燥的天气和旅游业的发展使这个世界闻名的宝藏已经处于危险之中。故选D。]
√
6．Which of the following can be put in the ▲ ？
A．She worked day and night to protect the caves．
B．The working and living conditions were terrible．
C．She got interested in Mogao Caves at first sight．
D．She found the ancient treasure was in danger．
√
B [推理判断题。根据第二段中“The tables，chairs and bed were made of mud(泥巴)．The windows were made of paper．And there were mice everywhere．”可知，此处应是描述工作、生活条件状况；选项B“工作和生活条件很糟糕。”符合语境。故选B。]
7．Which paragraph shows us Fan Jinshi's efforts to protect Dunhuang
A．Paragraph 1． B．Paragraph 2．
C．Paragraph 3． D．Paragraph 4．
√
C [推理判断题。根据第三段中“walked through Mogao Caves countless times”、“studied every cave”、“helped organize many successful exhibitions”以及“During the day，I think about Dunhuang．At night，I dream about it．I'll do everything I can for Dunhuang，”可推断，本段讲述了樊锦诗对敦煌莫高窟的深厚情感和她在推广与保护敦煌文化方面所做出的不懈努力和无私奉献精神。故选C。]
8．According to the last paragraph，what does Fan Jinshi expect young people today to do
A．To have dreams of their own．
B．To study in Beijing University．
C．To make Dunhuang popular．
D．To donate money to Dunhuang．
√
C [细节理解题。根据最后一段中“She hopes young people will find better ways to popularize Dunhuang．”可知，她希望年轻人能找到更有效的途径来传播和普及敦煌的文化遗产。故选C。]
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
Every year，when the Dragon Boat Festival comes，Chinese people often hang a kind of plant on the door．It is called wormwood(艾草)．
9 On the other hand，its special smell can also keep annoying insects away from rooms．
In fact，wormwood tastes bitter but smells very pleasant． 10 So it can be seen in Compendium of Materia Medica (《本草纲目》)．This book is widely believed to be the classic of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)．The writer of the book is Li Shizhen． 11 .
Wormwood is well-known for its ability to treat a great number of illnesses．Hundreds of years later，in Qichun，Hubei Province，it is still serving local people．Recently，Qichun has been busy preparing for the World Wormwood Industry Show． 12 And it will be good for the popularity of TCM and the traditional Chinese culture．
Wormwood has become the main industry in this area． 13 At the same time，wormwood is gradually known around the world as a kind of traditional Chinese medicine．
A．It will take place during the Dragon Boat Festival．
B．He was a very famous TCM expert during the Ming Dynasty．
C．The life of local people is getting better and better by growing wormwood．
D．Hundreds of years ago，Chinese people began to use wormwood as a kind of medicine．
E．On the one hand，people believe that wormwood can drive out evil spirits or bad luck．
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种药材——艾草的作用、历史以及世界艾草业博览会的相关事宜。
9．E [根据“On the other hand，its special smell can also keep annoying insects away from rooms．”可知，此处介绍艾草的作用，E选项“一方面，人们相信艾草可以驱鬼辟邪。”符合语境，故选E。]
10．D [根据“So it can be seen in Compendium of Materia Medica(《本草纲目》)”可知，艾草可以在《本草纲目》中看到，所以是一种药物，D选项“几百年前，中国人就开始使用艾草作为一种药物。”符合语境，故选D。]
11．B [根据“The writer of the book is Li Shizhen．”可知，此处介绍李时珍，B选项 “他是明代一位非常著名的中医专家。”符合语境，故选B。]
12．A [根据“Recently，Qichun has been busy preparing for the World Wormwood Industry Show．”可知，此处介绍艾草产业展，A选项 “它将在端午节期间举行。”符合语境，故选A。]
13．C [根据“Wormwood has become the main industry in this area．”可知，艾草已成为这个地区的主要产业，C选项 “通过种植艾草，当地人的生活越来越好。”符合语境，故选C。]
三、综合填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
根据短文内容，用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使文章通顺、完整，每词限用一次。
(2024·天津中考改编)
grow large animal farmer until something cover protect easy search
Long ago，the early people did not live in houses as we do today．Most of the homes were in caves or shelters (遮蔽物) which were built in trees．These “homes” were only used as temporary (临时的) shelters to 1．______ them from the sun，the rain and the wild animals in the forests．Men of that time were called “cave people”．
protect
These “cave people” usually lived in small groups and life was not 2．____ for them．They had to move from place to place to 3．______ for food．They would hunt，fish or pick wild fruit．When they couldn't find 4．________ to eat，they would leave to find another proper place．Their tools were very simple．They ate raw (生的) food 5．_____ they learnt how to make a fire．For clothing，they used only the bark (树皮) of trees or the skins (皮) of animals to 6．_____ their bodies．
easy
search
anything
until
cover
However，the lives of the “cave people” changed．They collected the seeds (种子) of wild plants that 7．_____ in the forests．Soon they learnt to plant fruit，vegetables and other crops．They also kept cows，sheep and other kinds of farm 8．_______ for milk，meat and skins．They became 9．_______ and lived in only one certain area．Their groups became 10．______ than before as they lived more settled (固定的) lives．They built houses as long-lasting homes，and as a result，villages and towns developed quickly．The “cave people” began to be civilized (文明的)．
【文章大意】 本文主要介绍了“穴居人”的生活。
grew
animals
farmers
larger
1．protect [句意：这些“家”只是用作临时庇护所，保护他们免受阳光、雨水和森林里的野生动物的侵害。根据“These ‘homes’ were only used as temporary (临时的) shelters to ______ them from the sun，the rain and the wild animals in the forests．”可知，这些“家”保护他们免受阳光、雨水和森林里的野生动物的侵害，protect“保护”，不定式结构中用动词原形，故填protect。]
2．easy [句意：这些“穴居人”通常生活在小群体中，生活对他们来说并不容易。根据“These ‘cave people’ usually lived in small groups and life was not ________ for them．”可知，生活对他们来说并不容易，easy“容易的”，在句中作表语，故填easy。]
3．search [句意：他们不得不从一个地方搬到另一个地方寻找食物。根据“They had to move from place to place to ________ for food．”可知，他们不得不搬家寻找食物，search for“寻找”符合语境，不定式结构中用动词原形，故填search。]
4．anything [句意：当他们找不到吃的东西时，他们会离开去找另一个合适的地方。根据“When they couldn't find ________ to eat，they would leave to find another proper place．”可知，找不到吃的东西时就会搬家，anything“任何东西”，用于否定句中，故填anything。]
5．until [句意：他们吃生的食物，直到学会如何生火。根据“They ate raw (生的) food ________ they learnt how to make a fire．”可知，直到学会如何生火才不吃生的食物，until“直到”符合语境，故填until。]
6．cover [句意：至于衣服，他们只用树皮或兽皮来遮盖身体。根据“they used only the bark (树皮) of trees or the skins (皮) of animals to __________ their bodies”可知，他们只用树皮或兽皮来遮盖身体，cover“遮盖”，不定式结构中用动词原形，故填cover。]
7．grew [句意：他们收集了生长在森林中的野生植物的种子。根据“They collected the seeds (种子) of wild plants that ________ in the forests．”可知，收集生长在森林中的野生植物的种子，grow“生长”，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填grew。]
8．animals [句意：他们还饲养牛、羊和其他种类的农场动物，以获取牛奶、肉和皮。根据“They also kept cows，sheep and other kinds of farm ________ for milk，meat and skins．”可知，饲养牛、羊和其他种类的农场动物，animal“动物”，other kinds of修饰可数名词复数，故填animals。]
9．farmers [句意：他们成了农民，只住在一个特定的地区。根据“They became ________ and lived in only one certain area．”可知，他们成了农民，farmer“农民”，主语“They”是复数，故填farmers。]
10．larger [句意：他们的群体变得比以前更大，因为他们的生活更加稳定。根据“Their groups became ________ than before as they lived more settled (固定的) lives．”可知，他们的群体变得比以前更大，larger“更大的”，在句中作表语，故填larger。]
四、阅读表达(共6小题；1－3小题每题2分；4－6小题每题3分，满分15分)
阅读下面的短文，并根据短文后的要求答题(请注意问题后的词数要求)。
(2023·泰安肥城模拟)Peonies(牡丹) are highly-prized flowers native to China．Before being grown by Chinese people more than 1，500 years ago，they had been blooming and withering(凋谢) in the wild for thousands of years．Peonies have big and bright-colored blossoms which are fragrant and elegant．As the symbol of wealth and auspiciousness(吉祥)，peonies have long been admired by Chinese people on the long history of Chinese culture．
The Chinese have the tradition of using flowers to describe different
①________ of people．For example，the plum(梅) flower is the symbol of people with forbearance(忍耐)，the lotus flower(莲花) represents people with high moral standards，and the chrysanthemum flower(菊花) symbolizes those people ②________ don't care about fame and wealth．Peonies are the symbol of beautiful ladies．Traditionally，Chinese people describe peonies as guo se tian xiang．
Between the Qin and Han Dynasties，Herbal Classic of Shen Nong，treats peonies ③________ medical herbs．During the Sui and Tang Dynasties，peonies gradually became the most popular flowers．Liu Yuxi，a poet from the Tang Dynasty，once wrote that “only peonies are national beauty and their blooming blossoms are something sensational in the capital city”．
Today，peonies are still one of the most favorite flowers for the Chinese．They are generally in full bloom(开花) in late April each year，which is the best time to enjoy these beautiful flowers．
【文章大意】 本文主要讲述了中国的牡丹花。
1．How long has Chinese people grown peonies？(No more than 6 words)
__________________________
For more than 1，500 years． [根据“Before being grown by Chinese people more than 1，500 years ago，they had been blooming and withering(凋谢) in the wild for thousands of years．”可知，中国人种植牡丹超过1 500年。故填For more than 1，500 years．]
For more than 1，500 years．
2．What does the lotus flower represent？(No more than 8 words)
__________________________________________________________________________
It represents people with high moral standards．/People with high moral standards． [根据“the lotus flower(莲花) represents people with high moral standards”可知，莲花代表道德高尚的人。故填It represents people with high moral standards．/People with high moral standards．]
It represents people with high moral standards．/People with high
moral standards．
3．When did peonies become the most popular flowers？(No more than 6 words)
________________________________
During the Sui and Tang Dynasties． [根据“During the Sui and Tang Dynasties，peonies gradually became the most popular flowers．”可知，在隋朝和唐朝，牡丹逐渐成为最受欢迎的花卉。故填During the Sui and Tang Dynasties．]
During the Sui and Tang Dynasties ．
4．Fill in each blank in the passage with one proper word．
①___________ ②________ ③___
①kinds/types ②who/that ③as [①根据“For example，the plum(梅) flower is the symbol of people with forbearance(忍耐)，the lotus flower(莲花) represents people with high moral standards，and the chrysanthemum flower(菊花) symbolizes those people ________ don't care about fame and wealth．Peonies are the symbol of beautiful ladies．”可知，此处主要讲述中国人有用花来形容不同类的人的
kinds/types
who/that
as
传统。kind或type均有“种类”的意思，空前有“different”，应填复数形式。故①处填kinds/types；②根据“the chrysanthemum flower(菊花) symbolizes those people ________ don't care about fame and wealth”可知，此处是定语从句，先行词为people，在句中作主语，引导词用who/that。故②处填who/that；③根据“treats peonies ________ medical herbs”可知，此处考查短语treats sth．as sth．“把……看作……”，故③处填as。]
5．Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese．
___________________________________________________________
它们通常在每年四月底盛开，这是欣赏这些美丽的花的最佳时间。 [generally“通常”；in full bloom“盛开”；in late April each year“在每年四月底”；the best time“最佳时间”；enjoy these beautiful flowers“欣赏这些美丽的花”。故填：它们通常在每年四月底盛开，这是欣赏这些美丽的花的最佳时间。]
它们通常在每年四月底盛开，这是欣赏这些美丽的花的最佳时间。
6．What kind of flowers will you choose as a gift for your best friend？And why
________________________________________________________________________
I will choose peonies as a gift for my best friend because she is a very beautiful girl． [开放性题目，言之有理即可。]
I will choose peonies as a gift for my best friend because she is a very
beautiful girl．
五、写作(共1小题；满分25分)
(2024·广东中考)假设你叫李明，你校交换生Ethan在阅读中国古诗词的过程中遇到了困难，他通过学校广播节目寻找共读伙伴。请你根据以下思维导图的提示，用英文写一封邮件，表示愿意成为他的共读伙伴，并为他提供帮助。
注意：
(1)可在思维导图内容提示的基础上适当拓展信息；
(2)不能照抄原文；不得在作文中出现真实校名和考生真实姓名；
(3)语句连贯，词数80—100；作文开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Ethan，
I've learned from the school radio program that you have difficulty in reading ancient Chinese poems and need a reading buddy．__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Looking forward to your reply．
Best wishes!
Li Ming
【参考范文】
Dear Ethan，
I've learned from the school radio program that you have difficulty in reading ancient Chinese poems and need a reading buddy．I believe I'm the buddy you want，as I have read many ancient Chinese poems and I have a deep understanding of them．I love ancient Chinese poems，and I am able to explain them in English．Also，I was born with a radio voice，so I can help you read the poems aloud correctly and beautifully．
If you agree to pair up with me，we could meet every Friday afternoon in the school garden．Perhaps we can finish reading ten poems a month．
Looking forward to your reply．
Best wishes!
Li Ming
[总体分析]
①体裁：本文是一篇电子邮件；
②时态：时态为一般现在时；
③提示：写作要点已给出，要求根据提示内容进行写作，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，表明写作意图；
第二步，介绍自己的优势和共读计划；
第三步，书写结语。
[亮点词汇]
①have a deep understanding of...对……有深刻的理解
②be able to 能够
③agree to do sth．同意做某事
[高分句型]
①I love ancient Chinese poems，and I am able to explain them in English．(并列句)
②If you agree to pair up with me，we could meet every Friday afternoon in the school garden．(条件状语从句) 科技与发明
伴随着社会的进步和发展，科技与发明在日常生活中发挥着越来越大的作用，也成为中考常考的话题，通常从以下角度命题：描述一项产生重大影响的科技发明；探讨科技发展带来的利弊；想象未来科技发明会如何改变我们的生活。针对这一话题，要求学生能够逻辑清晰、要点齐全地阐述自己的观点。
你家的电脑由你和父亲共同使用。你父亲是一位公司经理，你是一个中学生。请你根据以下提示，用英语写一篇短文，介绍一下你们平时用电脑做什么，并谈谈你对玩电脑游戏的看法。
提示：
1．你父亲经常用电脑跟客户交谈、上网查看火车信息等；
2．你在周末用电脑听音乐、看电影，但很少玩电脑游戏；
3．你对玩电脑游戏的看法。
注意事项：
1．短文词数80—100；
2．短文必须包含以上内容，但可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．短文的开头部分已给出，不计入总词数；
4．文中不得出现真实的人名和地名。
We have a computer in our home，my father and I share it．
1．人称：描述“我”和爸爸用电脑做什么事情，以第一人称和第三人称来介绍；
2．体裁：谈论对电脑游戏的看法，是议论文；
3．时态：阐述使用电脑和对电脑游戏的观点，采用一般现在时。
[答案] share one computer；talks to his customers；checks the times of trains，makes travel plans，and buys tickets；listen to music or watch movies；play computer games；very funny；it wastes time and it is bad for our health and eyes
参考范文 句式升级
We have a computer in our home，my father and I share it．①My father is a manager of a company，so he often talks to his customers on the computer．He also goes on the Internet to check the times of trains，make travel plans，and buy tickets． I often listen to music or watch movies on it at weekends．But I seldom play computer games on the Internet．②In my opinion，playing computer games is very funny，but it wastes our time and it is also bad for our health and eyes． ①用定语从句升级句子 My father，who is a manager of a company，often communicates with his customers on the computer． ②用as well as升级句子 In my opinion，playing computer games is very funny．However，it wastes our time and it is also bad for our health as well as our eyes．
(2024·枣庄中考)为了培养学生的发明和创新精神，学校将举行中学生科技创新大赛。假定你是李华，你准备发明一件物品，参加本次大赛。请你以“I want to invent ”为题，写一篇英语短文，介绍你的发明物。内容包括：
注意：(1)请先补全标题；
(2)短文须全面反映图文信息；
(3)文中不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息；
(4)词数 80—100。
I want to invent a special
【参考范文】
I want to invent a special pen
I want to invent a special pen that can help students learn more efficiently．
It looks like a normal pen．This pen will have a built-in dictionary and translation function，allowing students to look up words and translate sentences instantly．It will also have a voice recording feature，so students can record lectures and listen to them later．The pen will be lightweight and easy to carry，making it perfect to use in classrooms，libraries，and at home．
I believe this pen will greatly enhance students' learning experiences and make studying more enjoyable and effective．
题型组合评价(九) 科技与发明
(建议用时 80分钟)
一、完形填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
(2024·潍坊寿光模拟)At the beginning of the school year，the introduction of pre-made meals in schools drew much public attention．Some parents have expressed 1 about the taste and safety of pre-made meals．
Pre-cooked food has been prepared and cooked in advance (提前) so that it only needs to be heated quickly before eating it．Such food can be divided into 2 main groups based on the level of processing difficulty：ready-to-assemble (即配)，ready-to-cook，ready-to-heat and ready-to-eat．For example，frozen dumplings 3 need to be cooked in hot water before eating，fall into the third group．These products have the advantage of a long shelf life (保存期) and are convenient for eating．
When it comes to children，however，red flags 4 ．Adults may sometimes choose pre-made meals for 5 for convenience，but very few eat them every day，let alone (更不用说) want their children to do so．And some products may have certain food additives (食品添加剂)．Parents worry that they are 6 to their children's health．
Experts say that under perfect conditions，pre-cooked food can better 7 the quality of food．As technology improves，most businesses are using new technologies， 8 rapid freezing，to keep food fresh．At the same time，they also believe that pre-made meals in schools must meet safety standards and follow strict entry processes．And parents should have a choice about the food．They also suggest that clear 9 for pre-cooked food should be made before it's introduced to more people．
A saying goes：The food is what matters to the people．How to keep the quality and safety of food is our 10 ， we should pay more attention to it．
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了预制菜以及与其有关的安全问题。
1．A．feelings B．suggestions C．worries
C [句意：一些家长表达了对预制菜的味道和安全性的担忧。feeling感觉；suggestion建议；worry担忧。根据下文“Parents worry that they are”可知，此处表达家长的担心。故选C。]
2．A．three B．four C．six
B [句意：这类食物可以根据加工难度的高低分为四组。three三；four四；six六。根据“ready-to-assemble (即配)，ready-to-cook，ready-to-heat and ready-to-eat”可知，是指四种。故选B。]
3．A．which B．why C．where
A [句意：例如，冷冻饺子需要在热水中煮熟后再食用。which哪一个；why为什么；where哪儿。分析句子结构可知，此处考查定语从句，先行词是dumplings，指物，且在从句中作主语。故选A。]
4．A．are bought B．are mentioned C．are raised
C [句意：然而，当涉及到儿童时，危险信号就会出现。are bought被购买；are mentioned被提到；are raised被提出。根据“Adults may sometimes choose pre-made meals．．．but very few eat them every day，let alone (更不用说) want their children to do so．”可知，前面涉及儿童问题时，危险信号会被提出来。选C。]
5．A．them B．themselves C．us
B [句意：为了方便起见，成年人有时会为自己选择预制菜。them 他们，宾格；themselves 他们自己；us我们。根据“Adults may sometimes choose pre-made meals for．．．for convenience”可知，为他们自己选择预制菜。故选B。]
6．A．dangerous B．terrible C．harmful
C [句意：父母担心它们对孩子的健康有害。dangerous危险的；terrible可怕的；harmful有害的。根据“And some products may have certain food additives(食品添加剂)．”可知，家长担心食品添加剂对孩子身体有害。故选C。]
7．A．develop B．control C．solve
A [句意：专家说，在完美的条件下，预制菜可以更好地提高食物的质量。develop提高；control控制；solve解决。根据“the quality of food”可知，预制菜能改善食物质量。故选A。]
8．A．for example B．belong to C．as well as
A [句意：随着技术的进步，大多数企业都在使用新的技术，例如，快速冷冻，来保持食物的新鲜。for example例如；belong to属于；as well as也。根据“new technologies”以及“rapid freezing”可知，此处是在举例子。故选A。]
9．A．notes B．attentions C．rules
C [句意：他们还建议在将预制菜介绍给更多的人之前，应该制定明确的规则。note笔记；attention说明；rule规则。根据“At the same time，they also believe that pre-made meals in schools must meet safety standards and follow strict entry processes．”可知，预制菜需要制定规则。故选C。]
10．A．education B．duty C．challenge
B [句意：如何保证食物的质量和安全是我们的职责，我们应该更加重视。education教育；duty责任；challenge挑战。根据“we should pay more attention to it”可知，保证食品安全是我们的职责。故选B。]
二、阅读(共两节，满分26分)
第一节(共8小题；每小题2分，满分16分)
A
(2024·泰安新泰模拟)Fifty-two-year-old American Henry Evans is one of the world's first teletourists (远程游客)．Henry has travelled to different places all over the world．Under normal environment，this journey would be impossible for him because he is disabled．A serious illness when he was 40 influenced his brain and left him without speech and unable to use his arms or legs．But with the help of technology，Henry is able to overcome his difficulties and get out to see the world．
When Henry wants to visit a museum，he uses a robot called the Beam，a big computer monitor (监视器)．Using head movements，he can drive the machine around the halls，talking to the guide just like any other visitor．Several world's museums already use these machines，and Henry hopes there will soon be more．
To see what is happening outside，Henry uses a tool called Polly．Polly is made up of a monitor and a camera．He controls it by moving his head，so that it turns around and shows him everything his partners can see and hear．
Thanks to technology，Henry can fly drones (无人机) which also enable him to search for something from the air．When he wants to go further afield，he finds a website which has 5，000 drone videos from all over the world．These give him a chance to all kinds of attractive places．
No journey is too far for Henry，who is currently creating the possibility of travelling into space．He got the idea from an article he came across on the Internet．He read that a research team was trying to get access (使用权) for PC users to a robot on the International Space Station．
【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了大脑受到伤害的Henry借助科技，可以环游世界的故事。
1．Why didn't Henry travel many places under normal environment
A．Because his brain was influenced by an illness．
B．Because he had no arms．
C．Because he couldn't stand．
D．Because he had no brain．
A [细节理解题。根据第一段“A serious illness when he was 40 influenced his brain and left him without speech and unable to use his arms or legs．”可知，在正常环境下Henry不能到很多地方去参观，这是因为他的大脑受伤了。故选A。]
2．What helped Henry to travel the world
A．The partners．
B．The technology．
C．The PC．
D．The website．
B [细节理解题。根据第一段的“But with the help of technology，Henry is able to overcome his difficulties and get out to see the world．”可知，借助科技的帮助，Henry能够环游世界。故选B。]
3．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in Paragraph 3
A．Camera． B．Beam．
C．Monitor． D．．Polly．
D [代词指代题。根据“Polly is made up of a monitor and a camera．”可知，“it”指的是Polly。故选D。]
4．What can we infer from the passage
A．PC users will go into space through the Internet．
B．Robots like Beam will be used in other museums within a year．
C．Polly was once a robot that provided voice services for the
couples．
D．Henry might travel around the world through drone videos on the
website．
D [推理判断题。根据第四段的“When he wants to go further afield，he finds a website which has 5，000 drone videos from all over the world．These give him a chance to all kinds of attractive places．”可知，Henry可能会通过网站上的无人机视频环游世界。故选D。]
B
(2024·泰安宁阳模拟)Scientists have developed a way to read minds，translating unspoken thoughts into written words．It's the first time it's been done without having to put anything into the brain．They used artificial intelligence (AI) (人工智能)．It is the name given to a computer system that is able to “think” for itself and carry out tasks that usually require human intelligence．
Scientists used a special scanner (扫描器)．The machine can see where blood runs，which shows the parts of the brain that are most active．People taking part in the experiment (实验) listened to the radio for 16 hours as their brains were scanned．The AI tool learned to connect certain brain activity with words they heard．After that，each person was asked to think of a story，and the AI tool managed to pick up these thoughts as they happened．
The results had about a 50% accuracy rate (准确率)，although the AI found it hard to work out the meaning of pronouns，such as he or she，her or him．For example，it turned “I don't have my driver's license yet” into “She has not even started to learn to drive yet．” It could usually understand the meaning of what someone was thinking rather than the exact words．The AI was personalized，so when it had learned from one person but it was tested on another，it couldn't understand their thoughts．
The scientists，who have been working on the technology for 15 years，say they understand the risks of it being used badly．Scientist Jerry Tang told a newspaper，“We want to make sure people only use these types of technologies when they want to，and that it helps them．”The scientists hope it will help people with certain medical conditions，who are still awake but have lost the ability to speak，to communicate once again．
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了可以读取思想的人工智能技术。
5．What is the main purpose of paragraph 2
A．To describe the process of the experiment．
B．To explain the results of the experiment．
C．To offer some opinions about the experiment．
D．To list the difficulties with the experiment．
A [推理判断题。通读第二段并根据其中的关键信息“Scientists used a special scanner (扫描器)...People...listened to the radio...The AI tool learned to...After that...”可知，该段主要描述了该实验的过程。故选A。]
6．What does the example in paragraph 3 show
A．The AI is much cleverer than people．
B．The AI didn't start the work as it was ordered．
C．The AI couldn't understand the exact words of what people thought．
D．The AI will be well developed according to people's special needs．
C [细节理解题。根据第三段中的“It could usually understand the meaning of what someone was thinking rather than the exact words．”可知，本段举的例子说明人工智能不能理解人们想到的确切言语。故选C。]
7．What can we learn from the text
A．It is not difficult to take AI under control．
B．AI will not be used in a proper way in the future．
C．AI is so wise that it can treat people with medical problems．
D．It's expected that AI will help those speechless exchange ideas．
D [细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The scientists hope it will help people with certain medical conditions，who are still awake but have lost the ability to speak，to communicate once again．”可知，通过这篇文章，我们了解到人们期待人工智能将帮助那些说不出话的人交流思想。故选D。]
8．What can be the best title for the text
A．High Risks of Using AI
B．Mind-Reading Development
C．Importance of Human Brain
D．Ways of Improving Technology
B [标题归纳题。根据通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了可以读取思想的人工智能技术，所以B选项“读心术的发展”最适合。故选B。]
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
(2024·乐山中考)E-bikes usually have a big problem—it is much heavier than common bikes．Recently，a Romanian company has solved this problem． 9 In fact，an adult can even lift it easily．
The reason for the low weight is the choice of material (材料)，which is quite unusual．It uses a frame (车架) made of bamboo． 10 What's more，the bamboo frame also makes riding more comfortable，because it has good vibration damping (减震)．
11 Your smartphone is connected to the e-bike．So you can check your riding information in real time through a special app on your smartphone．
The company manager said，“Creating the bikes was a hard journey． 12 To be honest，I really don't remember how many times we had to face the failures (失败)．”
The manager continued，“But in the end，we succeeded．We have created a bike that is light-weight enough，strong enough and smart enough． 13 And now we have successfully developed these bikes to meet the needs of more people in cities．”
A．This e-bike is also very “smart”．
B．So I'm very proud that we never gave up．
C．The weight of this new e-bike is just 15kg．
D．This material makes it light and friendly to environment．
E．It included many years of research，development and failures．
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍一家罗马尼亚公司解决了电动自行车重量重这一问题。
9．C [根据“E-bikes usually have a big problem—it is much heavier than common bikes．Recently，a Romanian company has solved this problem．”可知，此处介绍电动车重量的问题，选项C“这辆新电动自行车的重量只有15千克。”符合语境，故选C。]
10．D [根据“The reason for the low weight is the choice of material (材料)，which is quite unusual．It uses a frame (车架) made of bamboo．”可知，此处提到制造材料，选项D“这种材料轻便，对环境友好。”符合语境，故选D。]
11．A [根据“Your smartphone is connected to the e-bike．So you can check your riding information in real time through a special app on your smartphone．”可知，你的智能手机与电动自行车相连。因此，你可以通过智能手机上的一个特殊应用程序实时查看你的骑行信息。选项A“这辆电动自行车也很‘智能’。”符合语境，故选A。]
12．E [根据“To be honest，I really don't remember how many times we had to face the failures (失败)．”可知，过程经历了很多失败，选项E“它包含了多年的研究、开发和失败。”符合语境，故选E。]
13．B [根据“But in the end，we succeeded．We have created a bike that is light-weight enough，strong enough and smart enough．”可知，最终成功了，选项B“所以我很自豪我们从未放弃。”符合语境，故选B。]
三、综合填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
根据短文内容，用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使文章通顺、完整，每词限用一次。
(2024·泰安东平模拟)
like change tell for father die clear keep still sad
In a heart-warming story from Liaoning Province，Mr．Sun has touched the hearts of many by using AI technology to create a video message from his late (已故的) father to his 91-year-old grandmother．
The touching video captures Sun's feelings as he copies his 1． looks and voice．The whole process of video creation took nearly half a month．
In 2022，Sun's father 2． he had a rare disease (疾病)．Unluckily，the disease progressed rapidly and the father passed away in 2023． Considering his grandmother's poor health，the family decided to 3． the news a secret．They made up a story，telling the elderly woman that her son was 4． receiving treatment (治疗) in a hospital in Beijing．But the long separation made the elderly woman miss her son very much．
To comfort his grandmother，Sun decided to use AI face-swapping technology to create a video message from his father．Before recording the video，he even shaved off his beard (胡须) to be more 5． his late father．
He succeeded in 6． his looks into that of his father and sent a message to his grandmother，“Mom，it's Jihai．I'm doing well in Beijing．” The image (形象) of the father in the video was not very 7． ， and the grandmother believed the white lie (善意的谎言)：
Sun said the pain of losing his father always hung over him．Every mention of his father's name or sight of his picture brought great 8． ．However，the responsibility of caring 9． his grandmother in place of his father required him to be strong．
“I see this experience as a way to say goodbye to the past，” Sun said．“Although it's still difficult for me to accept my father's 10． ， I believe in new beginnings and I will be strong enough to be the pillar (支柱) of my family．”
【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个感人的故事，主人公孙先生利用AI换脸技术制作了一段来自他已故父亲的视频信息，以此来安慰他的祖母。
1．father's [句意：这段感人的视频拍摄了孙模仿父亲的外貌和声音时的感受。根据空后的名词“looks and voice”可知，空处应填形容词或名词所有格，来修饰名词；再根据上文“to create a video message from his late (已故的) father”可知，应是模仿他父亲的外貌和声音，结合备选词可知，应填father's，故填father's。]
2．was told [句意：2022年，孙的父亲被告知患有一种罕见疾病。分析句子结构可知，空处作谓语，所以应填动词的相关形式；再根据空后内容“he had a rare disease(疾病)”及备选词可知，应是：被告知患有一种罕见疾病；tell告诉，此处应使用被动语态，且结合时间状语“In 2022”及语境可知，应是一般过去时的被动语态，结构是：主语＋was/were＋done (过去分词)＋其他，主语是Sun's father，第三人称单数，所以be动词应用was，tell的过去分词是told，故填was told。]
3．keep [句意：考虑到他祖母身体不好，全家决定对这个消息保密。根据“Considering his grandmother's poor health”可知，应是指对作者父亲去世的这个消息保密；结合备选词可知，应填keep的相关形式，空前有“decided to”，所以空处应填动词原形，构成固定用法decide to do sth．“决定做某事”，故填keep。]
4．still [句意：他们编造了一个故事，告诉这位老妇人，她的儿子仍在北京的一家医院接受治疗。根据“They made up a story”及“her son was...receiving treatment (治疗) in a hospital in Beijing”可知，编造故事是想告诉老人她的儿子没去世，仍在接受治疗；结合备选词可知，still“仍然”符合语境，故填still。]
5．like [句意：在录制视频之前，他甚至剃掉了胡子，更像他已故的父亲。根据“he even shaved off his beard (胡须)”及空后的“his late father”可知，作者剃掉胡子的目的是在视频中使他更像自己已故的父亲；结合备选词可知，like“像”符合语境，故填like。]
6．changing [句意：他成功地把自己的长相变成了父亲的长相，并给祖母发了一条信息。根据上文“he even shaved off his beard (胡须) to be more like his late father”及“...his looks into...”可知，应是：把自己的长相变成了父亲的长相；结合备选词可知，空处应填change的相关形式；再根据空前的“succeeded in”可知，空处应填change的动词-ing形式changing，构成固定用法“succeed in doing sth．(成功做某事)”，故填changing。]
7．clear [句意：视频中父亲的形象不是很清晰，祖母相信了这个善意的谎言。分析句子结构及结合备选词可知，空处在句中作表语，所以应填一个形容词；根据“The image (形象) of the father in the video was not very...”及语境可知，此处表达的应是：视频中父亲的形象不是很清晰，clear“清晰的”，故填clear。]
8．sadness [句意：每当提到他父亲的名字或看到他的照片，都会引起他极大的悲伤。根据空前的形容词great可知，空处应填一个名词；根据“Every mention of his father's name or sight of his picture”及语境可知，父亲的去世带来的应是悲伤；结合备选词可知，应填sad的名词形式sadness，故填sadness。]
9．for [句意：然而，代替父亲照顾祖母的责任要求他坚强。根据“caring...his grandmother in place of his father”及语境可知，此处应是他代替父亲照顾祖母，care for“照顾”，固定用法，故填for。]
10．death [句意：虽然我仍然很难接受父亲的去世，但我相信有新的开始，我会足够坚强，成为家庭的支柱。根据空前的“my father's”可知，空处应填一个名词；再结合全文内容及备选词可知，作者的父亲去世了，所以空处应填die的名词形式death，故填death。]
四、阅读表达(共6小题；1－3小题每题2分；4－6小题每题3分，满分15分)
阅读下面的短文，并根据短文后的要求答题(请注意问题后的词数要求)。
(2024·泰安高新区模拟)Could you imagine being in a car driven by a computer，not a human？Recently，China has made a big step toward self-driving technology．Since August，2023，driverless taxis can run on roads in Wuhan，Chongqing and Shenzhen．
① do we develop self-driving cars
Self-driving cars give us many benefits (好处)．They use computers to sense the things around them and make better use of space．This means fewer traffic jams and better parking of cars．For disabled or blind people，self-driving cars can also help ② get around more easily．
According to official statistics (统计数据)，self-driving cars could reduce road accidents by 90 percent and save governments a lot of money．The main cause of car accidents is human error (错误)．By using computers，self-driving cars don't make poor decisions or lose focus like humans do．
But self-driving cars aren't perfect．③ something unexpected happens，self-driving cars can't react (反应) as fast as a human driver．Also，during weather events like heavy snow，self-driving cars would fail to see the lines on the road easily．It might lead to an accident．The car's computer system would be broken by someone，causing it to crash or change its direction．
“It is clear that there is a lot of work to do to make self-driving cars a common and safe sight (景象) on our roads．And China is taking the lead in making this happen，” said China Daily．
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了自动驾驶汽车的优缺点。
1．What can run on roads in Wuhan，Chongqing and Shenzhen since August，2023？(No more than 2 words)
Driverless taxis． [根据“Since August，2023，driverless taxis can run on roads in Wuhan，Chongqing and Shenzhen．”可知，自2023年8月起，无人驾驶出租车可以在武汉、重庆和深圳的道路上行驶。故填Driverless taxis．]
2．What's the main cause of car accidents？(No more than 5 words)
Human error． [根据“The main cause of car accidents is human error(错误)．”可知，车祸的主要原因是人为失误。故填Human error．]
3．What will happen if the car's computer system is broken？(No more than 10 words)
It will crash or change its direction．/Causing it to crash or change its direction．/Crash or change its direction． [根据“The car's computer system would be broken by someone，causing it to crash or change its direction．”可知汽车的计算机系统会被人破坏，导致汽车相撞或改变方向。故填It will crash or change its direction．/Causing it to crash or change its direction．/Crash or change its direction．]
4．Fill in each blank in the passage with a proper word．
① ② ③
①Why ②them ③If [①根据“do we develop self-driving cars”可知，此处询问开发自动驾驶汽车的原因，why“为什么”；②根据“For disabled or blind people，self-driving cars can also help...get around more easily．”可知，此处指帮助残疾人或盲人，作宾语用宾格them；③前句是后句的肯定条件，用if引导条件状语从句。故填Why；them；If。]
5．Translate the underlined sentence in the sixth paragraph into Chinese．
很明显，要让自动驾驶汽车成为我们的道路上一个常见和安全的景象，我们还有很多工作要做。 [It is clear that很明显；there is有；a lot of work to do很多工作要做；make self-driving cars a common and safe sight让自动驾驶汽车成为一个常见和安全的景象；on our roads在我们的道路上。故填：很明显，要让自动驾驶汽车成为我们的道路上一个常见和安全的景象，我们还有很多工作要做。]
6．The technology of self-driving cars is developing fast．Will it make our daily life more convenient or bring us more trouble？Why
I think it will bring us more trouble．Because self-driving cars can't react as fast as a human driver． [开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案：I think it will bring us more trouble．Because self-driving cars can't react as fast as a human driver．]
五、写作(共1小题；满分25分)
(2024·泰安一模)数据显示，我国家庭智能机器人的市场需求正在增强。针对这一现象，你以“Are home robots a good idea？”为主题在班里进行了一项调查并打算在英语活动课上就此发言。请你根据图表中的调查结果写一篇发言稿，陈述同学们的观点及理由并表达你的个人看法。
内容提示：
要求：
1．词数：80—100，开头已给出，不计入总词数；
2．包含上述提示要点，可适当发挥，以使行文连贯；
3．文中不允许出现与考生本人相关的真实姓名和校名等信息。
Are home robots a good idea
As society develops，more and more families use home robots in their daily lives．Is it a good idea？I've made a survey in our class recently．
【参考范文】
Are home robots a good idea
As society develops，more and more families use home robots in their daily lives．Is it a good idea？I've made a survey in our class recently．
56% of the students like the idea．First，home robots help with housework，so people have more time to do things they enjoy．Second，home robots can act as guards．This gives people a sense of security．Third，they can also make people feel less lonely．Fourth，they can help us do the dangerous work．However，31% of the students disagree．Most robots have cameras to collect information．That puts the owners' private information at the risk of being exposed．Besides，depending on the robots too much may make people lazier．
As for the rest of the students，they are not sure if it's a good idea to have a home robot．
In my opinion，home robots can make our lives easier．I will surely get one in the future．
That's all．Thanks for listening．
[总体分析]
①体裁：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：主要时态为一般现在时；
③提示：要结合图表中给出的数据和不同的观点进行描述，最后还要陈述自己的观点。
[亮点词汇]
①act as担任
②at the risk of...有……的风险
③depend on依靠
[高分句型]
Besides，depending on the robots too much may make people lazier．(make sb．adj．)
题型组合评价(十) 传统文化
(建议用时 80分钟)
一、完形填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
As we know，there are 24 solar terms (节气) in China．Grain Rain is one of them and it 1 falls on April 20th and ends on May 5th．
This solar term is called Grain Rain because it is known for “Rain waters the grain”．Grain Rain is the last solar term of spring．After this term ends，it will get 2 ，so you don't need to wear thick clothes．Grain Rain also means more rainfalls．So if you go out in the solar term，you may need to bring a(n) 3 with you．But this is a great time for planting and farming．Chinese people have an old saying，“ If you don't 4 crops during Grain Rain，you'll feel like a crab (螃蟹) climbing in your heart．” This means that you will feel 5 later if you miss the time for planting．Farmers also begin to grow crops 6 the spring rain falls and they often say，“Spring rain is as valuable as oil．” It brings them good 7 for a good year ahead．
There are also many interesting customs (风俗) during Grain Rain．In the southern part of China，people 8 tea leaves on the days of rain．The tea leaves picked during Grain Rain 9 Grain Rain Tea，which is popular with people．They are famous for their freshness．It's also said that drinking tea during Grain Rain would 10 bad luck and help to be healthier．
Interestingly，Grain Rain is also known as Chinese Language Day in the world．
【文章大意】 本文主要介绍了24节气之一——谷雨。
1．A．never B．ever C．usually
C [句意：谷雨就是其中之一，通常从4月20日开始，到5月5日结束。never从不；ever曾经；usually通常。根据常识可知，谷雨通常在4月20日开始，5月5日结束。故选C。]
2．A．warmer B．colder C．cooler
A [句意：这个学期结束后，天气会变暖，所以你不需要穿厚衣服。warmer更温暖；colder更冷；cooler更凉爽。根据“so you don't need to wear thick clothes”可知，天气变得更暖和。故选A。]
3．A．sunglasses B．umbrella C．handbag
B [句意：因此，如果你在节气外出，你可能需要随身携带一把雨伞。sunglasses太阳镜；umbrella雨伞；handbag手提包。根据“Grain Rain also means more rainfalls．”可知，谷雨时节雨水多，出去要带伞。故选B。]
4．A．plant B．cut C．water
A [句意：谷雨不种庄稼，心里就像螃蟹爬。plant种植；cut切割；water浇水。根据下文“if you miss the time for planting”可知，是指种植庄稼。故选A。]
5．A．happy B．scared C．sorry
C [句意：这意味着如果你错过了种植的时间，你会后悔的。happy开心的；scared可怕的；sorry后悔的。根据“if you miss the time for planting”可知，如果你错过了种植的时间，你会后悔的。故选C。]
6．A．before B．as C．until
B [句意：春雨一到，农民们也开始种庄稼，他们常说：“春雨贵如油。”before在……之前；as随着；until直到。根据“Farmers also begin to grow crops
the spring rain falls”可知，随着春雨的降临，农民们开始种庄稼。故选B。]
7．A．way B．project C．luck
C [句意：它会给他们带来来年的好运。way方式；project项目；luck运气。根据“Spring rain is as valuable as oil．”可知，这意味着春雨会给他们带来来年的好运。故选C。]
8．A．pick B．grow C．sell
A [句意：在中国南方，人们在下雨的日子里采摘茶叶。pick采摘；grow种植；sell卖。根据“tea leaves on the days of rain”可知，是指采茶。故选A。]
9．A．are called B．are told C．are sold
A [句意：谷雨时节采摘的茶叶被称为谷雨茶，深受人们的喜爱。are called被称为；are told被告知；are sold被卖。根据“The tea leaves picked during Grain Rain
Grain Rain Tea”可知，谷雨时节采摘的茶叶被称为谷雨茶。故选A。]
10．A．catch up with B．keep away from
C．look up to
B [句意：也有人说，在谷雨期间喝茶可以远离厄运，有助于健康。catch up with赶上；keep away from远离；look up to敬仰。根据“bad luck”可知，远离厄运。故选B。]
二、阅读(共两节，满分26分)
第一节(共8小题；每小题2分，满分16分)
A
(2024·辽宁大连三模)The Chinese cheongsam，also known as qipao，is a traditional dress that first appeared in the early 20th century in Shanghai．It has become a symbol of Chinese culture and is worn by women around the world．
The cheongsam hugs the curves (曲线) of the body and is mostly made of silk or cotton．It's typical with a high collar (领)，short sleeves (袖) and a short cut on the side of the skirt to make movement easy．
The cheongsam was first worn by wealthy women in Shanghai as a way to show their social positions and wealth．But it quickly became popular among all classes of women as daily clothes．During the 1920s and 1930s，the cheongsam experienced changes and became fitter and better designed with fashionable elements (元素)．Nowadays，designers are creating new styles to follow modern fashion．
Today，the cheongsam is often worn for formal (正式的) situations such as ceremonies，celebrations and cultural events in China．One of the most popular looks of the cheongsam is Anna Wong，a Chinese famous movie star．She often wears cheongsams on and off screen．Her look helps to make the dress win popularity in Hollywood and around the world．
The cheongsam is not just a symbol of fashion，but also of Chinese culture and history．It brings out that Chinese people can always keep up with changing fashion over years．
The cheongsam has stood the test of time．It will continue to catch eyes of the public and give ideas to people for years to come．
【文章大意】 本文介绍了中国传统服饰旗袍的起源、设计特点及其在现代的应用。
1．When did the Chinese cheongsam first appear
A．During the 1900s and 1910s．
B．During the 1920s and 1930s．
C．During the 2000s and 2010s．
D．During the 2020s and 2030s．
A [细节理解题。根据“The Chinese cheongsam，also known as qipao，is a traditional dress that first appeared in the early 20th century in Shanghai．”可知，旗袍在20世纪初出现在上海。故选A。]
2．Which design of cheongsam makes movement easy
A．A high collar．
B．Short sleeves．
C．A short cut on the side．
D．Fashionable elements．
C [细节理解题。根据“It's typical with a high collar(领)，short sleeves (袖) and a short cut on the side of the skirt to make movement easy．”可知，裙子侧面的开叉设计使得行动更加方便。故选C。]
3．Where would women often wear the cheongsam now according to the passage
A．At a sports meeting．
B．At a Chinese marriage ceremony．
C．At a Thanksgiving celebration．
D．At a birthday party．
B [细节理解题。根据“Today，the cheongsam is often worn for formal (正式的) situations such as ceremonies，celebrations and cultural events in China．”可知，如今，在中国，旗袍通常用于正式场合，如仪式、庆祝活动和文化活动，可能在婚礼等场合穿着。故选B。]
4．What's the best title for the passage
A．The Chinese Cheongsam—A New Art
B．The Chinese Cheongsam—A Timeless Classic
C．The Chinese Cheongsam—A Modern Fashion
D．The Chinese Cheongsam—A Typical Tradition
B [标题归纳题。根据“The cheongsam has stood the test of time．It will continue to catch eyes of the public and give ideas to people for years to come．”可知，本文介绍了旗袍，旗袍经受了时间的考验，是永恒的经典。故选B。]
B
(2024·黑龙江大庆三模)Dunhuang，a city in Gansu Province，has a history of more than two thousand years．The city was once an important stop on the ancient Silk Road．Since the fourth century，Chinese people have carved (雕刻) caves along the mountain cliffs (悬崖)．However，because of dry weather and the development of tourism，this world-famous treasure has been in danger．Luckily，one woman has taken the lead in protecting Dunhuang．Her name is Fan Jinshi．Her efforts have given her the name “Daughter of Dunhuang．”
Fan discovered her love for Dunhuang while studying at Beijing University．After graduation，she was sent to work in Dunhuang． ▲ The tables，chairs and bed were made of mud (泥巴)．The windows were made of paper．And there were mice everywhere．But the ancient remains in the Mogao Caves amazed Fan．She decided to get over the difficulties and protect them as well as she could．
Over the past 60 years，Fan has walked through Mogao Caves countless times．She has carefully studied every cave．To popularize Dunhuang culture，she has helped organize many successful exhibitions of Dunhuang art．“During the day，I think about Dunhuang．At night，I dream about it．I'll do everything I can for Dunhuang，” she once said．Now at the age of 85，Fan is as busy as ever．She is still working hard to protect the caves．
Beijing University，the place where dreams begin，is also the place where dreams are passed on．Fan donated (捐赠) ten million yuan to Beijing University for Dunhuang studies last year．She hopes young people will find better ways to popularize Dunhuang．
【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了“敦煌女儿”——樊锦诗为守护敦煌莫高窟所做的努力及其对莫高窟的贡献。
5．Which of the following has put Dunhuang in danger according to the passage
A．The rain． B．The mountain．
C．The flood． D．．The tourism．
D [细节理解题。根据第一段中“However，because of dry weather and the development of tourism，this world-famous treasure has been in danger．”可知，干燥的天气和旅游业的发展使这个世界闻名的宝藏已经处于危险之中。故选D。]
6．Which of the following can be put in the ▲ ？
A．She worked day and night to protect the caves．
B．The working and living conditions were terrible．
C．She got interested in Mogao Caves at first sight．
D．She found the ancient treasure was in danger．
B [推理判断题。根据第二段中“The tables，chairs and bed were made of mud(泥巴)．The windows were made of paper．And there were mice everywhere．”可知，此处应是描述工作、生活条件状况；选项B“工作和生活条件很糟糕。”符合语境。故选B。]
7．Which paragraph shows us Fan Jinshi's efforts to protect Dunhuang
A．Paragraph 1． B．Paragraph 2．
C．Paragraph 3． D．Paragraph 4．
C [推理判断题。根据第三段中“walked through Mogao Caves countless times”、“studied every cave”、“helped organize many successful exhibitions”以及“During the day，I think about Dunhuang．At night，I dream about it．I'll do everything I can for Dunhuang，”可推断，本段讲述了樊锦诗对敦煌莫高窟的深厚情感和她在推广与保护敦煌文化方面所做出的不懈努力和无私奉献精神。故选C。]
8．According to the last paragraph，what does Fan Jinshi expect young people today to do
A．To have dreams of their own．
B．To study in Beijing University．
C．To make Dunhuang popular．
D．To donate money to Dunhuang．
C [细节理解题。根据最后一段中“She hopes young people will find better ways to popularize Dunhuang．”可知，她希望年轻人能找到更有效的途径来传播和普及敦煌的文化遗产。故选C。]
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
Every year，when the Dragon Boat Festival comes，Chinese people often hang a kind of plant on the door．It is called wormwood(艾草)． 9 On the other hand，its special smell can also keep annoying insects away from rooms．
In fact，wormwood tastes bitter but smells very pleasant． 10 So it can be seen in Compendium of Materia Medica (《本草纲目》)．This book is widely believed to be the classic of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)．The writer of the book is Li Shizhen． 11
Wormwood is well-known for its ability to treat a great number of illnesses．Hundreds of years later，in Qichun，Hubei Province，it is still serving local people．Recently，Qichun has been busy preparing for the World Wormwood Industry Show． 12 And it will be good for the popularity of TCM and the traditional Chinese culture．
Wormwood has become the main industry in this area． 13 At the same time，wormwood is gradually known around the world as a kind of traditional Chinese medicine．
A．It will take place during the Dragon Boat Festival．
B．He was a very famous TCM expert during the Ming Dynasty．
C．The life of local people is getting better and better by growing wormwood．
D．Hundreds of years ago，Chinese people began to use wormwood as a kind of medicine．
E．On the one hand，people believe that wormwood can drive out evil spirits or bad luck．
【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种药材——艾草的作用、历史以及世界艾草业博览会的相关事宜。
9．E [根据“On the other hand，its special smell can also keep annoying insects away from rooms．”可知，此处介绍艾草的作用，E选项“一方面，人们相信艾草可以驱鬼辟邪。”符合语境，故选E。]
10．D [根据“So it can be seen in Compendium of Materia Medica(《本草纲目》)”可知，艾草可以在《本草纲目》中看到，所以是一种药物，D选项“几百年前，中国人就开始使用艾草作为一种药物。”符合语境，故选D。]
11．B [根据“The writer of the book is Li Shizhen．”可知，此处介绍李时珍，B选项 “他是明代一位非常著名的中医专家。”符合语境，故选B。]
12．A [根据“Recently，Qichun has been busy preparing for the World Wormwood Industry Show．”可知，此处介绍艾草产业展，A选项 “它将在端午节期间举行。”符合语境，故选A。]
13．C [根据“Wormwood has become the main industry in this area．”可知，艾草已成为这个地区的主要产业，C选项 “通过种植艾草，当地人的生活越来越好。”符合语境，故选C。]
三、综合填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
根据短文内容，用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使文章通顺、完整，每词限用一次。
(2024·天津中考改编)
grow large animal farmer until something cover protect easy search
Long ago，the early people did not live in houses as we do today．Most of the homes were in caves or shelters (遮蔽物) which were built in trees．These “homes” were only used as temporary (临时的) shelters to 1． them from the sun，the rain and the wild animals in the forests．Men of that time were called “cave people”．
These “cave people” usually lived in small groups and life was not 2． for them．They had to move from place to place to 3． for food．They would hunt，fish or pick wild fruit．When they couldn't find 4． to eat，they would leave to find another proper place．Their tools were very simple．They ate raw (生的) food 5． they learnt how to make a fire．For clothing，they used only the bark (树皮) of trees or the skins (皮) of animals to 6． their bodies．
However，the lives of the “cave people” changed．They collected the seeds (种子) of wild plants that 7． in the forests．Soon they learnt to plant fruit，vegetables and other crops．They also kept cows，sheep and other kinds of farm 8． for milk，meat and skins．They became 9． and lived in only one certain area．Their groups became 10． than before as they lived more settled (固定的) lives．They built houses as long-lasting homes，and as a result，villages and towns developed quickly．The “cave people” began to be civilized (文明的)．
【文章大意】 本文主要介绍了“穴居人”的生活。
1．protect [句意：这些“家”只是用作临时庇护所，保护他们免受阳光、雨水和森林里的野生动物的侵害。根据“These ‘homes’ were only used as temporary (临时的) shelters to them from the sun，the rain and the wild animals in the forests．”可知，这些“家”保护他们免受阳光、雨水和森林里的野生动物的侵害，protect“保护”，不定式结构中用动词原形，故填protect。]
2．easy [句意：这些“穴居人”通常生活在小群体中，生活对他们来说并不容易。根据“These ‘cave people’ usually lived in small groups and life was not
for them．”可知，生活对他们来说并不容易，easy“容易的”，在句中作表语，故填easy。]
3．search [句意：他们不得不从一个地方搬到另一个地方寻找食物。根据“They had to move from place to place to for food．”可知，他们不得不搬家寻找食物，search for“寻找”符合语境，不定式结构中用动词原形，故填search。]
4．anything [句意：当他们找不到吃的东西时，他们会离开去找另一个合适的地方。根据“When they couldn't find to eat，they would leave to find another proper place．”可知，找不到吃的东西时就会搬家，anything“任何东西”，用于否定句中，故填anything。]
5．until [句意：他们吃生的食物，直到学会如何生火。根据“They ate raw (生的) food they learnt how to make a fire．”可知，直到学会如何生火才不吃生的食物，until“直到”符合语境，故填until。]
6．cover [句意：至于衣服，他们只用树皮或兽皮来遮盖身体。根据“they used only the bark (树皮) of trees or the skins (皮) of animals to their bodies”可知，他们只用树皮或兽皮来遮盖身体，cover“遮盖”，不定式结构中用动词原形，故填cover。]
7．grew [句意：他们收集了生长在森林中的野生植物的种子。根据“They collected the seeds (种子) of wild plants that in the forests．”可知，收集生长在森林中的野生植物的种子，grow“生长”，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填grew。]
8．animals [句意：他们还饲养牛、羊和其他种类的农场动物，以获取牛奶、肉和皮。根据“They also kept cows，sheep and other kinds of farm for milk，meat and skins．”可知，饲养牛、羊和其他种类的农场动物，animal“动物”，other kinds of修饰可数名词复数，故填animals。]
9．farmers [句意：他们成了农民，只住在一个特定的地区。根据“They became
and lived in only one certain area．”可知，他们成了农民，farmer“农民”，主语“They”是复数，故填farmers。]
10．larger [句意：他们的群体变得比以前更大，因为他们的生活更加稳定。根据“Their groups became than before as they lived more settled (固定的) lives．”可知，他们的群体变得比以前更大，larger“更大的”，在句中作表语，故填larger。]
四、阅读表达(共6小题；1－3小题每题2分；4－6小题每题3分，满分15分)
阅读下面的短文，并根据短文后的要求答题(请注意问题后的词数要求)。
(2023·泰安肥城模拟)Peonies(牡丹) are highly-prized flowers native to China．Before being grown by Chinese people more than 1，500 years ago，they had been blooming and withering(凋谢) in the wild for thousands of years．Peonies have big and bright-colored blossoms which are fragrant and elegant．As the symbol of wealth and auspiciousness(吉祥)，peonies have long been admired by Chinese people on the long history of Chinese culture．
The Chinese have the tradition of using flowers to describe different
① of people．For example，the plum(梅) flower is the symbol of people with forbearance(忍耐)，the lotus flower(莲花) represents people with high moral standards，and the chrysanthemum flower(菊花) symbolizes those people
② don't care about fame and wealth．Peonies are the symbol of beautiful ladies．Traditionally，Chinese people describe peonies as guo se tian xiang．
Between the Qin and Han Dynasties，Herbal Classic of Shen Nong，treats peonies ③ medical herbs．During the Sui and Tang Dynasties，peonies gradually became the most popular flowers．Liu Yuxi，a poet from the Tang Dynasty，once wrote that “only peonies are national beauty and their blooming blossoms are something sensational in the capital city”．
Today，peonies are still one of the most favorite flowers for the Chinese．They are generally in full bloom(开花) in late April each year，which is the best time to enjoy these beautiful flowers．
【文章大意】 本文主要讲述了中国的牡丹花。
1．How long has Chinese people grown peonies？(No more than 6 words)
For more than 1，500 years． [根据“Before being grown by Chinese people more than 1，500 years ago，they had been blooming and withering(凋谢) in the wild for thousands of years．”可知，中国人种植牡丹超过1 500年。故填For more than 1，500 years．]
2．What does the lotus flower represent？(No more than 8 words)
It represents people with high moral standards．/People with high moral standards． [根据“the lotus flower(莲花) represents people with high moral standards”可知，莲花代表道德高尚的人。故填It represents people with high moral standards．/People with high moral standards．]
3．When did peonies become the most popular flowers？(No more than 6 words)
During the Sui and Tang Dynasties． [根据“During the Sui and Tang Dynasties，peonies gradually became the most popular flowers．”可知，在隋朝和唐朝，牡丹逐渐成为最受欢迎的花卉。故填During the Sui and Tang Dynasties．]
4．Fill in each blank in the passage with one proper word．
① ② ③
①kinds/types ②who/that ③as [①根据“For example，the plum(梅) flower is the symbol of people with forbearance(忍耐)，the lotus flower(莲花) represents people with high moral standards，and the chrysanthemum flower(菊花) symbolizes those people don't care about fame and wealth．Peonies are the symbol of beautiful ladies．”可知，此处主要讲述中国人有用花来形容不同类的人的传统。kind或type均有“种类”的意思，空前有“different”，应填复数形式。故①处填kinds/types；②根据“the chrysanthemum flower(菊花) symbolizes those people
don't care about fame and wealth”可知，此处是定语从句，先行词为people，在句中作主语，引导词用who/that。故②处填who/that；③根据“treats peonies medical herbs”可知，此处考查短语treats sth．as sth．“把……看作……”，故③处填as。]
5．Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese．
它们通常在每年四月底盛开，这是欣赏这些美丽的花的最佳时间。 [generally“通常”；in full bloom“盛开”；in late April each year“在每年四月底”；the best time“最佳时间”；enjoy these beautiful flowers“欣赏这些美丽的花”。故填：它们通常在每年四月底盛开，这是欣赏这些美丽的花的最佳时间。]
6．What kind of flowers will you choose as a gift for your best friend？And why
I will choose peonies as a gift for my best friend because she is a very beautiful girl． [开放性题目，言之有理即可。]
五、写作(共1小题；满分25分)
(2024·广东中考)假设你叫李明，你校交换生Ethan在阅读中国古诗词的过程中遇到了困难，他通过学校广播节目寻找共读伙伴。请你根据以下思维导图的提示，用英文写一封邮件，表示愿意成为他的共读伙伴，并为他提供帮助。
注意：
(1)可在思维导图内容提示的基础上适当拓展信息；
(2)不能照抄原文；不得在作文中出现真实校名和考生真实姓名；
(3)语句连贯，词数80—100；作文开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Ethan，
I've learned from the school radio program that you have difficulty in reading ancient Chinese poems and need a reading buddy．
Looking forward to your reply．
Best wishes!
Li Ming
【参考范文】
Dear Ethan，
I've learned from the school radio program that you have difficulty in reading ancient Chinese poems and need a reading buddy．I believe I'm the buddy you want，as I have read many ancient Chinese poems and I have a deep understanding of them．I love ancient Chinese poems，and I am able to explain them in English．Also，I was born with a radio voice，so I can help you read the poems aloud correctly and beautifully．
If you agree to pair up with me，we could meet every Friday afternoon in the school garden．Perhaps we can finish reading ten poems a month．
Looking forward to your reply．
Best wishes!
Li Ming
[总体分析]
①体裁：本文是一篇电子邮件；
②时态：时态为一般现在时；
③提示：写作要点已给出，要求根据提示内容进行写作，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，表明写作意图；
第二步，介绍自己的优势和共读计划；
第三步，书写结语。
[亮点词汇]
①have a deep understanding of...对……有深刻的理解
②be able to 能够
③agree to do sth．同意做某事
[高分句型]
①I love ancient Chinese poems，and I am able to explain them in English．(并列句)
②If you agree to pair up with me，we could meet every Friday afternoon in the school garden．(条件状语从句)
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