八年级下册 Units 5～6
深化探究·完成主题目标
主题一 基础知识固根基
会写词汇
名词 1．relative 2．pound 3．dessert 4．garden 5．tie 6．Christmas 7．present 8．warmth 9．restroom 10．stamp 11．postcard 12．bathroom 13．rush 14．grape 15．mail 16．east 17．corner 18．request 19．direction 20．speaker 21．address 22．course 23．Italian
形容词 1．dead 2．east 3．Italian
副词 east
动词 1．punish 2．warn 3．pardon 4．rush 5．mail 6．request
介词 beside
代词 whom
感叹词 pardon
会辨词形
1．stole；stolen 2．laid；laying 3．lay；lain；lying 4．spread；spread 5．central 6．politely；impolite 7．directly；director；direction 8．correctly
会记短语
1．put on 2．shoot down 3．lay out 4．end up 5．pass by 6．pardon me 7．parking lot
会用句式
1．think that 2．What fun 3．wonder if 4．How fantastic 5．wonder whether；to visit 6．where the restrooms are 7．how to get to 8．when the band starts 9．where we should go
熟词生义
①B ②C ③A(共62张PPT)
八年级下册 Units 5～6
主题目标 践行学思结合
主题群概览 核心素养内涵 子主题群目标
生活与学习 语言能力；文化意识；思维品质；学习能力 1．掌握基础词汇知识，能用句子描述寻地出游和节假日的具体信息。
2．通过语境应用，实践重要知识点，深化理解主题意义。
社会与文化
深化探究 完成主题目标
主题一 基础知识固根基
名词 n．
1．亲属；亲戚________
2．磅(重量单位)；英镑(英国货币单位)_____
3．(饭后)甜点；甜食_______
4．花园；园子______
relative
pound
dessert
garden
5．领带___
6．圣诞节_________
7．现在；礼物_______
8．温暖；暖和______
9．(美)洗手间；公共厕所________
10．邮票；印章_____
tie
Christmas
present
warmth
restroom
stamp
11．明信片________
12．浴室；洗手间________
13．仓促；急促____
14．葡萄_____
15．邮件；信件____
16．东；东方____
postcard
bathroom
rush
grape
mail
east
17．拐角；角落______
18．要求；请求_______
19．方向；方位_________
20．讲(某种语言)的人；发言者_______
21．住址；地址；通讯处_______
22．课程；学科______
23．意大利人；意大利语_______
corner
request
direction
speaker
address
course
Italian
形容词 adj．
1．死的；失去生命的____
2．东方的；东部的____
3．意大利(人)的_______
副词 adv．
向东；朝东____
dead
east
Italian
east
动词 v．
1．处罚；惩罚______
2．警告；告诫____
3．原谅______
4．仓促；急促____
5．邮寄；发电子邮件____
6．要求；请求_______
punish
warn
pardon
rush
mail
request
介词 prep．
在旁边；在附近______
代词 pron．
谁；什么人_____
感叹词 interj．
请再说一遍______
beside
whom
pardon
1．steal v．偷；窃取
→_____ (过去式)→______ (过去分词)
2．lay v．放置；安放；产(卵)；下(蛋)
→____ (过去式/过去分词)→______ (现在分词)
3．lie v．存在；平躺；处于
→___ (过去式)→____ (过去分词)→_____ (现在分词)
stole
stolen
laid
laying
lay
lain
lying
4．spread v．传播；展开 n．蔓延；传播
→______ (过去式)→______ (过去分词)
5．center n．中心；中央
→_______ adj．中心的；中央的
6．polite adj．有礼貌的；客气的
→________ adv．礼貌地；客气地→________ (反义词)不礼貌的；粗鲁的
spread
spread
central
politely
impolite
7．direct adj．直接的；直率的
→________ adv．直接地；坦率地→________ n．导演；部门负责人→_________ n．方向；方位
8．correct adj．正确的；恰当的
→_________ adv．正确地；恰当地
directly
director
direction
correctly
1．_______ 增加(体重)；发胖
2．__________射下
3．_______ 摆开；布置
4．_______ 最终成为；最后处于
5．_______ 路过；经过
6．__________ 抱歉，对不起；什么，请再说一遍
7．__________ 停车场；停车区
put on
shoot down
lay out
end up
pass by
pardon me
parking lot
1．我觉得月饼很好吃！
I _________ mooncakes are delicious!
2．泼水节多有趣啊！
________ the Water Festival is!
3．我想知道明年他们还会不会举行比赛。
I _________ they'll have the races again next year．
think that
What fun
wonder if
4．龙舟队多棒啊！
____________ the dragon boat teams were!
5．我想知道六月是不是游香港的好时候。
I _____________ June is a good time ______Hong Kong．
6．能麻烦你告诉我洗手间在哪儿吗？
Could you please tell me _____________________
How fantastic
wonder whether
to visit
where the restrooms are
7．打扰了，请问去书店怎么走？
Excuse me，could you tell us ____________ the bookstore
8．你能告诉我们今晚乐队什么时候开始演奏吗？
Could you tell us _________________ playing this evening
9．我想知道接下来我们应该去哪里。
I wonder _________________next．
how to get to
when the band starts
where we should go
根据句意选出黑体词汇的最佳释义。
present A．n．礼物 B．n．现在；目前 C．v．展现；显示
①(2023·泸州中考)At present，we have not seen the paintings． ( )
②(2024·泰安宁阳模拟)Theatrical art forms (戏剧艺术形式) in many other countries do not present singing，dancing and spoken parts in one single drama． ( )
③Thanks for the present—it's just what I wanted． ( )
B
A
C
主题二 教材语篇串考点
根据短文内容，用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使文章通顺、完整，每词限用一次。
Passage 1[素材选自Unit 5]
under become share consider when notice return all represent together
Full Moon，Full Feelings
For centuries，Chinese people have been celebrating the Mid-Autumn Festival and enjoying the pleasure of eating mooncakes．On the Mid-Autumn night，mooncakes take on the shape of a full moon，1．____________ people's deep wishes to the families they love and miss．
representing
There are many traditional folk stories related to this festival．However，most people 2．________ the story of Chang'e to be the most touching one．Chang'e was the beautiful wife of Hou Yi．After Hou Yi shot down the nine suns，a kind-hearted goddess gave him magical medicine as a gift of gratitude．Anyone who drank this medicine would gain eternal life．Hou Yi planned to 3．_____ it and enjoy eternal life together with Chang'e．
consider
share
However，a wicked man named Pang Meng tried to steal the medicine 4．____ Hou Yi was away from home．Chang'e strongly refused to hand it over to him and ended up drinking it 5．___．She felt incredibly light and flew up to the moon．Hou Yi was so sad and called out Chang'e's name towards the moon every night．One night，he 6．_______ that the moon was especially bright and round，and he felt as if he could see his dear wife there．He laid out all her favorite fruits and desserts in the garden．How he wished that Chang'e could 7．______!
when
all
noticed
return
Following this story，people started the tradition of admiring the moon and sharing mooncakes with their families．It has 8．______ a custom passed down through generations，allowing families to come 9．_______watch the magnificent moon，and enjoy the sweet taste of mooncakes while sharing stories and laughter．The Mid-Autumn Festival continues to hold a special place in the hearts of the Chinese people，uniting them with love and warmth 10．_____ the full moon．
become
together
under
Passage 2[素材选自Unit 6]
washroom local large decision where rest begin about because worry
One day，He Wei and Alice came to Fun Times Park，the 1．_______ amusement park in their city．Alice was very excited to try the rides．He Wei then asked what they should 2．_____ with，mentioning that there were places like Space World，Water World and Animal World．Before making a 3．__________Alice politely
largest
begin
decision
requested He Wei to tell her 4．_____ the restrooms were．However，He Wei didn't understand at first and thought Alice wanted to 5．____． He was puzzled 6．_______ they hadn't even started having fun．Alice quickly explained that she didn't mean to rest but was 7．_____ a washroom or bathroom．He Wei then realized that she meant the toilet and explained that in China，people usually say “toilet” or “
8．________” when speaking English．Alice understood and said that
where
rest
because
about
washroom
maybe people in China don't frequently use the word “restroom” in such situations．He Wei confirmed that and pointed out the 9．_______ of the restrooms．He told Alice not to 10．_____ and there was no need to rush．Finally，Alice thanked him and hurried off to the restroom．
location
worry
问路常用句型
主题三 重点知识明考向
【注意】 Could you please do/not do sth．？意为“请你做/不做某事好吗？”，could表示委婉语气。常用的肯定答语有OK．/Sure．/Certainly．/Of course．/No problem．等。常用的否定答语有 Sorry，I can't．/Sorry，I'm afraid not．等。
Could you tell me the way to the nearest cinema？(同义句转换)
＝Could you tell me ___________ the nearest cinema
＝Could you tell me _________________ the nearest cinema
how to get to
which is the way to
put on 的用法
put on 增加(体重)，发胖
穿上；戴上
上演
【注意】 put on 是动词＋副词类型的短语，若其宾语是名词时，放在put 与on 中间或其后面，若其宾语是代词时，放在put与on的中间。
[拓展延伸] put的相关短语
put off推迟
put up张贴；搭建
put down放下；记下；平定
put back放回
put out 熄灭
put away 收起来
1．I really need to take more exercise because I'm _____ weight．
A．putting down B．putting on
C．putting off D．putting away
2．We have to _____ sports meeting because of the bad weather．
A．turn off B．put off
C．take off D．get off
√
√
3．—Jim，please help me _____ the tent．
—OK．I'm coming．It's exciting to sleep in it tonight．
A．get on B．get off
C．pull down D．put up
√
语境串记
One day，there was a big fire in the forest．The firefighters quickly put on their uniforms and rushed to the scene．But the wind was strong and the fire was hard to put out．Some people put up tents to provide a rest place for the tired firefighters．However，due to the bad situation，the plan to control the fire had to be put off．Finally，after hours of hard work，they managed to put out the fire and saved the forest．
课时规范训练(十九)
考查范围：八年级下册 Units 5～6
(建议用时 30分钟)
一、单词拼写(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)
根据句意和首字母或汉语提示，将单词的正确形式完整地写在相应位置上。
1．(2024·临沂中考)Mr．Black was very glad that they t______ him nicely．
2．Lisa has a poor sense of d________，so she gets lost easily in new places．
3．Could you please tell me your _______ (地址)
4．We should treat everyone with kindness and ______ (温暖)，spreading love and joy everywhere we go．
5．It's ________ (不礼貌的) to push in before others while waiting for the bus．
reated
irection
address
warmth
impolite
6．Lei Feng has been d_____ for many years，but his spirit is still encouraging us．
7．—Alex，I think two hours of TV is enough for you．
—Could I at least finish w________ this show
8．In the end，they ended up ________ (说) Chinese．
9．Knowing how to ask for help ________ (礼貌地) is very important．
10．_____ (躺) in bed all the time is bad for your health．
ead
atching
speaking
politely
Lying
二、阅读(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
(2024·济南天桥区模拟)Have you ever thought about the possibility that your simple T-shirt could cool you down by up to 5℃ on hot summer days？Thanks to a recent invention，it will probably come true．The amazing invention helps people feel comfortable and fresh in the outdoors on hot days．
Its inventors，engineers Ma Yaoguang and Tao Guangming in China，had a completely fantastic way．They made a special textile．It can take in body heat and send out its energy into space．This textile cools both the objects and the area around them through radioactive cooling (辐射冷却)．This means that even when it looks like you are wearing a common shirt，you are in fact wearing something that works like a mirror．
Research at Stanford University had already succeeded in cooling the wearers by 3℃， but this invention was not good enough．So researchers still need to test the new invention to decide how well it works while the wearers are standing or walking，and not directly facing the sky，like in their research．
Inventors Ma and Tao are now looking for textile factories and clothing brands that are interested in using their textile．They predict that the new material will increase clothing costs by just 10%．“We can make it with mass production which means everybody can get a T-shirt and the cost is almost the same as their old ones，” Tao said．
So if you are a sportsman or simply someone that has to deal with the really high temperature，be patient because your days of feeling hot may be coming to an end!
【文章大意】 本文主要讲述了一种可以在炎热的天气里给人们降温的T恤，介绍了它的工作原理及未来的发展方向。
√
1．How does the special T-shirt work
A．By changing heat into energy．
B．By sending out the body heat．
C．By adding mirrors to the T-shirt．
D．By taking in the heat from the objects．
B [细节理解题。根据第二段中“It can take in body heat and send out its energy into space．”可知，这种特殊的T恤是通过散发出体内吸收的热量来工作的。故选B。]
√
2．What is TRUE according to Paragraph 3
A．The earlier study was a big success．
B．The study only succeeded in the university．
C．The textile can be used in all situations．
D．The new invention needs further testing．
D [细节理解题。根据第三段中“...but this invention was not good enough．So researchers still need to test the new invention to decide how well it works while the wearers are standing or walking，and not directly facing the sky，like in their research．”可知，研究者们仍然需要进一步测试这项新的发明。故选D。]
√
3．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in Paragraph 4
A．The new textile．
B．The clothing brand．
C．The new T-shirt．
D．The common material．
A [代词指代题。根据第四段中“Inventors Ma and Tao are now looking for textile factories and clothing brands that are interested in using their textile．”以及“We can make it with mass production which means everybody can get a T-shirt and the cost is almost the same as their old ones”可知，此处it指代这种新的纺织品。故选A。]
√
4．What can be predicted from the last two paragraphs
A．The new T-shirt will be welcomed．
B．The new T-shirt will be at a high price．
C．No factories will be interested．
D．Only few people will buy the T-shirts．
A [推理判断题。根据第四段中“We can make it with mass production which means everybody can get a T-shirt and the cost is almost the same as their old ones”及第五段内容可知，这种T恤成本不高，可以大规模生产，且对于运动员或是需要应对高温的人是很有用的，因此可推知这种新的T恤将会是受欢迎的。故选A。]
√
5．Who will most probably buy the new T-shirt
A．An engineer． B．A doctor．
C．A farmer． D．A pilot．
C [推理判断题。根据最后一段“So if you are a sportsman or simply someone that has to deal with the really high temperature，be patient because your days of feeling hot may be coming to an end！”可知，运动员或者是真正需要应对高温的人最有可能买这种T恤，结合选项可知，选项C“农民”符合。故选C。]
三、阅读表达(共6小题；1－3小题每题2分；4－6小题每题3分，满分15分)
阅读下面的短文，并根据短文后的要求答题(请注意问题后的词数要求)。
(2024·泰安宁阳模拟)It is ①________ to name all Chinese customs in a single article．Even so，in this passage we bring you four Chinese customs that you may not know．Here we go!
Asians usually do not show their feelings openly，also avoiding any unnecessary physical contact (接触)．The Chinese think it impolite when people kiss each other on the cheeks，even if they are women．In ②________， shaking hands was also frowned upon(不赞同) in the past．For them it is enough to make a small nod when greeting．As the country gradually lets western traditions in，shaking hands is gradually extended(推广)．
There are many Chinese customs at lunchtime．The Chinese usually clean their hands before eating．Food manners are also very important．You should never serve yourself a drink，as it should be served by someone else．In the meal，always use chopsticks and a spoon with a short handle．Chopsticks should never be stuck into food．And when eating，you must put your mouth close to the plate and the chopsticks．
Cities and towns in China have public toilets in the middle of the street，so that everyone can use them．Since space is very important in large Chinese cities，this is saved by creating public restrooms．However，many companies also have their own toilets for their workers．
Many of you will already know the Chinese custom of not opening gifts in ③ ．But that's not the only important thing to know when giving something to a Chinese person．For example，the Chinese will always refuse your gift up to three times．But in the end，they're willing to accept it．And remember to receive the gift with both hands．
【文章大意】 本文主要讲述了中国的一些风俗习惯。
1．Why do the Chinese usually refuse to kiss each other on the cheeks？(No more than 10 words．)
____________________________________________________
Because they usually do not show their feelings openly． [细节理解题。根据第二段中“Asians usually do not show their feelings openly，also avoiding any unnecessary physical contact(接触)．(亚洲人通常不会公开表达自己的感受，也避免任何不必要的身体接触。)”可知，因为通常他们不会公开表达自己的感情，所以中国人拒绝吻对方的脸颊。]
Because they usually do not show their feelings openly．
2．What are the Chinese customs for eating？Please give an example．(No more than 10 words．)
___________________________________________________________
Clean hands before eating．(答案不唯一) [细节理解题。根据第三段“The Chinese usually clean their hands before eating．”(中国人通常在吃饭前洗手。)及“You should never serve yourself a drink，as it should be served by someone else．In the meal，always use chopsticks
Clean hands before eating．(答案不唯一)
and a spoon with a short handle．Chopsticks should never be stuck into food．And when eating，you must put your mouth close to the plate and the chopsticks．(你永远不应该给自己倒酒，应该由别人倒。吃饭时总是用筷子和短柄汤匙。筷子永远不应该插进食物里。吃饭的时候，你必须把你的嘴靠近盘子和筷子。)”可知，吃饭之前要洗手；你不应该给自己倒酒，应该让别人给你倒酒；在吃饭总是使用筷子和一个短柄勺子；筷子不应该插进食物里；吃饭时，你必须把你的嘴靠近盘子和筷子。这些都是中国人吃饭的习俗。]
3．What does a Chinese person usually do before he or she accept your gift？(No more than 12 words．)
___________________________________________________________
He or she usually refuses it up to three times before accepting． [细节理解题。根据第五段中“For example，the Chinese will always refuse your gift up to three times．But in the end，they're willing to accept it．(例如，中国人总是拒绝你的礼物多达三次。但最终，他们还是愿意接受。)”可知，中国人在接受礼物之前会拒绝三次。]
He or she usually refuses it up to three times before accepting．
4．Please fill in each blank with only one proper word．
①__________ ②____ ③______
①impossible ②fact ③public [细节理解题。①根据常识可知，在一篇文章中给出所有的中国习俗是不可能的，impossible“不可能的”，形容词作表语，故第一空填impossible；②根据语境可知，此处陈述“握手在过去也不被赞同”这一事实，in fact“事实上”符合语境，故第二空填fact；③根据第五段常识可知，在中国习俗中，不会当众打开礼物，in public“当众”符合语境。故第三空填public。]
impossible
fact
public
5．Please translate the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 into Chinese．
________________________________________________________________________
由于空间在中国的大城市非常重要，因此通过创建公共厕所可以
节省这些空间。
由于空间在中国的大城市非常重要，因此通过创建公共厕所可以节省这些空间。 [英译汉题。分析句子可知，本句为since引导的原因状语从句，翻译为“由于”；space“空间”；is very important“非常重要”；in large Chinese cities“在中国的大城市”；this指代“空间”；this is saved“节省空间”；by creating public restrooms“通过创建公共厕所”。画线句意为：由于空间在中国的大城市非常重要，因此通过创建公共厕所可以节省这些空间。]
6．What do you think is the most important Chinese custom？Why
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I think food manners are the most important．Because they can make sure guests and hosts feel comfortable at table． [主观表达题。开放性试题，言之有理即可。]
I think food manners are the most important．Because they can
make sure guests and hosts feel comfortable at table．主题一 基础知识固根基
名词n． 1．亲属；亲戚relative 2．磅(重量单位)；英镑(英国货币单位)pound 3．(饭后)甜点；甜食dessert 4．花园；园子garden 5．领带tie 6．圣诞节Christmas 7．现在；礼物present 8．温暖；暖和warmth 9．(美)洗手间；公共厕所restroom 10．邮票；印章stamp 11．明信片postcard 12．浴室；洗手间bathroom 13．仓促；急促rush 14．葡萄grape 15．邮件；信件mail 16．东；东方east 17．拐角；角落corner 18．要求；请求request 19．方向；方位direction 20．讲(某种语言)的人；发言者speaker 21．住址；地址；通讯处address 22．课程；学科course 23．意大利人；意大利语Italian 形容词adj． 1．死的；失去生命的dead 2．东方的；东部的east 3．意大利(人)的Italian 副词adv． 向东；朝东east 动词v． 1．处罚；惩罚punish 2．警告；告诫warn 3．原谅pardon 4．仓促；急促rush 5．邮寄；发电子邮件mail 6．要求；请求request 介词prep． 在旁边；在附近beside 代词pron． 谁；什么人whom 感叹词interj． 请再说一遍pardon
1．steal v．偷；窃取 →stole (过去式)→stolen (过去分词) 2．lay v．放置；安放；产(卵)；下(蛋) →laid (过去式/过去分词)→laying (现在分词) 3．lie v．存在；平躺；处于 →lay (过去式)→lain (过去分词)→lying (现在分词) 4．spread v．传播；展开 n．蔓延；传播 →spread (过去式)→spread (过去分词) 5．center n．中心；中央 →central adj．中心的；中央的 6．polite adj．有礼貌的；客气的 →politely adv．礼貌地；客气地→impolite (反义词)不礼貌的；粗鲁的 7．direct adj．直接的；直率的 →directly adv．直接地；坦率地→director n．导演；部门负责人→direction n．方向；方位 8．correct adj．正确的；恰当的 →correctly adv．正确地；恰当地
1．put on 增加(体重)；发胖 2．shoot down 射下 3．lay out 摆开；布置 4．end up 最终成为；最后处于 5．pass by 路过；经过 6．pardon me 抱歉，对不起；什么，请再说一遍 7．parking lot 停车场；停车区
1．我觉得月饼很好吃！ I think that mooncakes are delicious! 2．泼水节多有趣啊！ What fun the Water Festival is! 3．我想知道明年他们还会不会举行比赛。 I wonder if they'll have the races again next year． 4．龙舟队多棒啊！ How fantastic the dragon boat teams were! 5．我想知道六月是不是游香港的好时候。 I wonder whether June is a good time to visit Hong Kong． 6．能麻烦你告诉我洗手间在哪儿吗？ Could you please tell me where the restrooms are 7．打扰了，请问去书店怎么走？ Excuse me，could you tell us how to get to the bookstore 8．你能告诉我们今晚乐队什么时候开始演奏吗？ Could you tell us when the band starts playing this evening 9．我想知道接下来我们应该去哪里。 I wonder where we should go next．
根据句意选出黑体词汇的最佳释义。
present A．n．礼物 B．n．现在；目前 C．v．展现；显示
①(2023·泸州中考)At present，we have not seen the paintings． ( B )
②(2024·泰安宁阳模拟)Theatrical art forms (戏剧艺术形式) in many other countries do not present singing，dancing and spoken parts in one single drama． ( C )
③Thanks for the present—it's just what I wanted． ( A )
主题二 教材语篇串考点
根据短文内容，用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使文章通顺、完整，每词限用一次。
Passage 1[素材选自Unit 5]
under become share consider when notice return all represent together
Full Moon，Full Feelings
For centuries，Chinese people have been celebrating the Mid-Autumn Festival and enjoying the pleasure of eating mooncakes．On the Mid-Autumn night，mooncakes take on the shape of a full moon，1．representing people's deep wishes to the families they love and miss．
There are many traditional folk stories related to this festival．However，most people 2．consider the story of Chang'e to be the most touching one．Chang'e was the beautiful wife of Hou Yi．After Hou Yi shot down the nine suns，a kind-hearted goddess gave him magical medicine as a gift of gratitude．Anyone who drank this medicine would gain eternal life．Hou Yi planned to 3．share it and enjoy eternal life together with Chang'e．
However，a wicked man named Pang Meng tried to steal the medicine 4．when Hou Yi was away from home．Chang'e strongly refused to hand it over to him and ended up drinking it 5．all．She felt incredibly light and flew up to the moon．Hou Yi was so sad and called out Chang'e's name towards the moon every night．One night，he 6．noticed that the moon was especially bright and round，and he felt as if he could see his dear wife there．He laid out all her favorite fruits and desserts in the garden．How he wished that Chang'e could 7．return!
Following this story，people started the tradition of admiring the moon and sharing mooncakes with their families．It has 8．become a custom passed down through generations，allowing families to come 9．together，watch the magnificent moon，and enjoy the sweet taste of mooncakes while sharing stories and laughter．The Mid-Autumn Festival continues to hold a special place in the hearts of the Chinese people，uniting them with love and warmth 10．under the full moon．
Passage 2[素材选自Unit 6]
washroom local large decision where rest begin about because worry
One day，He Wei and Alice came to Fun Times Park，the 1．largest amusement park in their city．Alice was very excited to try the rides．He Wei then asked what they should 2．begin with，mentioning that there were places like Space World，Water World and Animal World．Before making a 3．decision，Alice politely requested He Wei to tell her 4．where the restrooms were．However，He Wei didn't understand at first and thought Alice wanted to 5．rest． He was puzzled 6．because they hadn't even started having fun．Alice quickly explained that she didn't mean to rest but was 7．about a washroom or bathroom．He Wei then realized that she meant the toilet and explained that in China，people usually say “toilet” or “ 8．washroom” when speaking English．Alice understood and said that maybe people in China don't frequently use the word “restroom” in such situations．He Wei confirmed that and pointed out the 9．location of the restrooms．He told Alice not to 10．worry and there was no need to rush．Finally，Alice thanked him and hurried off to the restroom．
主题三 重点知识明考向
问路常用句型
【注意】 Could you please do/not do sth．？意为“请你做/不做某事好吗？”，could表示委婉语气。常用的肯定答语有OK．/Sure．/Certainly．/Of course．/No problem．等。常用的否定答语有 Sorry，I can't．/Sorry，I'm afraid not．等。
Could you tell me the way to the nearest cinema？(同义句转换)
＝Could you tell me how to get to the nearest cinema
＝Could you tell me which is the way to the nearest cinema
put on 的用法
put on 增加(体重)，发胖
穿上；戴上
上演
【注意】 put on 是动词＋副词类型的短语，若其宾语是名词时，放在put 与on 中间或其后面，若其宾语是代词时，放在put与on的中间。
[拓展延伸] put的相关短语
put off推迟
put up张贴；搭建
put down放下；记下；平定
put back放回
put out 熄灭
put away 收起来
1．I really need to take more exercise because I'm B weight．
A．putting down B．putting on
C．putting off D．putting away
2．We have to B sports meeting because of the bad weather．
A．turn off B．put off
C．take off D．get off
3．—Jim，please help me D the tent．
—OK．I'm coming．It's exciting to sleep in it tonight．
A．get on B．get off
C．pull down D．put up
One day，there was a big fire in the forest．The firefighters quickly put on their uniforms and rushed to the scene．But the wind was strong and the fire was hard to put out．Some people put up tents to provide a rest place for the tired firefighters．However，due to the bad situation，the plan to control the fire had to be put off．Finally，after hours of hard work，they managed to put out the fire and saved the forest．
课时规范训练(十九)
考查范围：八年级下册 Units 5～6
(建议用时 30分钟)
一、单词拼写(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)
根据句意和首字母或汉语提示，将单词的正确形式完整地写在相应位置上。
1．(2024·临沂中考)Mr．Black was very glad that they treated him nicely．
2．Lisa has a poor sense of direction，so she gets lost easily in new places．
3．Could you please tell me your address (地址)
4．We should treat everyone with kindness and warmth (温暖)，spreading love and joy everywhere we go．
5．It's impolite (不礼貌的) to push in before others while waiting for the bus．
6．Lei Feng has been dead for many years，but his spirit is still encouraging us．
7．—Alex，I think two hours of TV is enough for you．
—Could I at least finish watching this show
8．In the end，they ended up speaking (说) Chinese．
9．Knowing how to ask for help politely (礼貌地) is very important．
10．Lying (躺) in bed all the time is bad for your health．
二、阅读(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
(2024·济南天桥区模拟)Have you ever thought about the possibility that your simple T-shirt could cool you down by up to 5℃ on hot summer days？Thanks to a recent invention，it will probably come true．The amazing invention helps people feel comfortable and fresh in the outdoors on hot days．
Its inventors，engineers Ma Yaoguang and Tao Guangming in China，had a completely fantastic way．They made a special textile．It can take in body heat and send out its energy into space．This textile cools both the objects and the area around them through radioactive cooling (辐射冷却)．This means that even when it looks like you are wearing a common shirt，you are in fact wearing something that works like a mirror．
Research at Stanford University had already succeeded in cooling the wearers by 3℃， but this invention was not good enough．So researchers still need to test the new invention to decide how well it works while the wearers are standing or walking，and not directly facing the sky，like in their research．
Inventors Ma and Tao are now looking for textile factories and clothing brands that are interested in using their textile．They predict that the new material will increase clothing costs by just 10%．“We can make it with mass production which means everybody can get a T-shirt and the cost is almost the same as their old ones，” Tao said．
So if you are a sportsman or simply someone that has to deal with the really high temperature，be patient because your days of feeling hot may be coming to an end!
【文章大意】 本文主要讲述了一种可以在炎热的天气里给人们降温的T恤，介绍了它的工作原理及未来的发展方向。
1．How does the special T-shirt work
A．By changing heat into energy．
B．By sending out the body heat．
C．By adding mirrors to the T-shirt．
D．By taking in the heat from the objects．
B [细节理解题。根据第二段中“It can take in body heat and send out its energy into space．”可知，这种特殊的T恤是通过散发出体内吸收的热量来工作的。故选B。]
2．What is TRUE according to Paragraph 3
A．The earlier study was a big success．
B．The study only succeeded in the university．
C．The textile can be used in all situations．
D．The new invention needs further testing．
D [细节理解题。根据第三段中“...but this invention was not good enough．So researchers still need to test the new invention to decide how well it works while the wearers are standing or walking，and not directly facing the sky，like in their research．”可知，研究者们仍然需要进一步测试这项新的发明。故选D。]
3．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in Paragraph 4
A．The new textile．
B．The clothing brand．
C．The new T-shirt．
D．The common material．
A [代词指代题。根据第四段中“Inventors Ma and Tao are now looking for textile factories and clothing brands that are interested in using their textile．”以及“We can make it with mass production which means everybody can get a T-shirt and the cost is almost the same as their old ones”可知，此处it指代这种新的纺织品。故选A。]
4．What can be predicted from the last two paragraphs
A．The new T-shirt will be welcomed．
B．The new T-shirt will be at a high price．
C．No factories will be interested．
D．Only few people will buy the T-shirts．
A [推理判断题。根据第四段中“We can make it with mass production which means everybody can get a T-shirt and the cost is almost the same as their old ones”及第五段内容可知，这种T恤成本不高，可以大规模生产，且对于运动员或是需要应对高温的人是很有用的，因此可推知这种新的T恤将会是受欢迎的。故选A。]
5．Who will most probably buy the new T-shirt
A．An engineer． B．A doctor．
C．A farmer． D．．A pilot．
C [推理判断题。根据最后一段“So if you are a sportsman or simply someone that has to deal with the really high temperature，be patient because your days of feeling hot may be coming to an end！”可知，运动员或者是真正需要应对高温的人最有可能买这种T恤，结合选项可知，选项C“农民”符合。故选C。]
三、阅读表达(共6小题；1－3小题每题2分；4－6小题每题3分，满分15分)
阅读下面的短文，并根据短文后的要求答题(请注意问题后的词数要求)。
(2024·泰安宁阳模拟)It is ① to name all Chinese customs in a single article．Even so，in this passage we bring you four Chinese customs that you may not know．Here we go!
Asians usually do not show their feelings openly，also avoiding any unnecessary physical contact (接触)．The Chinese think it impolite when people kiss each other on the cheeks，even if they are women．In ② ， shaking hands was also frowned upon(不赞同) in the past．For them it is enough to make a small nod when greeting．As the country gradually lets western traditions in，shaking hands is gradually extended(推广)．
There are many Chinese customs at lunchtime．The Chinese usually clean their hands before eating．Food manners are also very important．You should never serve yourself a drink，as it should be served by someone else．In the meal，always use chopsticks and a spoon with a short handle．Chopsticks should never be stuck into food．And when eating，you must put your mouth close to the plate and the chopsticks．
Cities and towns in China have public toilets in the middle of the street，so that everyone can use them．Since space is very important in large Chinese cities，this is saved by creating public restrooms．However，many companies also have their own toilets for their workers．
Many of you will already know the Chinese custom of not opening gifts in ③ ．But that's not the only important thing to know when giving something to a Chinese person．For example，the Chinese will always refuse your gift up to three times．But in the end，they're willing to accept it．And remember to receive the gift with both hands．
【文章大意】 本文主要讲述了中国的一些风俗习惯。
1．Why do the Chinese usually refuse to kiss each other on the cheeks？(No more than 10 words．)
Because they usually do not show their feelings openly． [细节理解题。根据第二段中“Asians usually do not show their feelings openly，also avoiding any unnecessary physical contact(接触)．(亚洲人通常不会公开表达自己的感受，也避免任何不必要的身体接触。)”可知，因为通常他们不会公开表达自己的感情，所以中国人拒绝吻对方的脸颊。]
2．What are the Chinese customs for eating？Please give an example．(No more than 10 words．)
Clean hands before eating．(答案不唯一) [细节理解题。根据第三段“The Chinese usually clean their hands before eating．”(中国人通常在吃饭前洗手。)及“You should never serve yourself a drink，as it should be served by someone else．In the meal，always use chopsticks and a spoon with a short handle．Chopsticks should never be stuck into food．And when eating，you must put your mouth close to the plate and the chopsticks．(你永远不应该给自己倒酒，应该由别人倒。吃饭时总是用筷子和短柄汤匙。筷子永远不应该插进食物里。吃饭的时候，你必须把你的嘴靠近盘子和筷子。)”可知，吃饭之前要洗手；你不应该给自己倒酒，应该让别人给你倒酒；在吃饭总是使用筷子和一个短柄勺子；筷子不应该插进食物里；吃饭时，你必须把你的嘴靠近盘子和筷子。这些都是中国人吃饭的习俗。]
3．What does a Chinese person usually do before he or she accept your gift？(No more than 12 words．)
He or she usually refuses it up to three times before accepting． [细节理解题。根据第五段中“For example，the Chinese will always refuse your gift up to three times．But in the end，they're willing to accept it．(例如，中国人总是拒绝你的礼物多达三次。但最终，他们还是愿意接受。)”可知，中国人在接受礼物之前会拒绝三次。]
4．Please fill in each blank with only one proper word．
① ② ③
①impossible ②fact ③public [细节理解题。①根据常识可知，在一篇文章中给出所有的中国习俗是不可能的，impossible“不可能的”，形容词作表语，故第一空填impossible；②根据语境可知，此处陈述“握手在过去也不被赞同”这一事实，in fact“事实上”符合语境，故第二空填fact；③根据第五段常识可知，在中国习俗中，不会当众打开礼物，in public“当众”符合语境。故第三空填public。]
5．Please translate the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 into Chinese．
由于空间在中国的大城市非常重要，因此通过创建公共厕所可以节省这些空间。 [英译汉题。分析句子可知，本句为since引导的原因状语从句，翻译为“由于”；space“空间”；is very important“非常重要”；in large Chinese cities“在中国的大城市”；this指代“空间”；this is saved“节省空间”；by creating public restrooms“通过创建公共厕所”。画线句意为：由于空间在中国的大城市非常重要，因此通过创建公共厕所可以节省这些空间。]
6．What do you think is the most important Chinese custom？Why
I think food manners are the most important．Because they can make sure guests and hosts feel comfortable at table． [主观表达题。开放性试题，言之有理即可。]
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