主题一 基础知识固根基
名词n． 1．背包；旅行包backpack 2．街区block 3．机场airport 4．西；西方west 5．奶油；乳脂cream 6．豆；豆荚bean 7．市场；集市market 8．女士；女子lady 9．垃圾；废弃物litter 10．煤；煤块coal 11．花费；价钱cost 12．塑料；塑胶plastic 13．工业；行业industry 14．大门gate 15．瓶子bottle 16．负责人；主席；总统president 17．(音乐、艺术)作品work 18．金属metal 形容词adj． 1．活着；有生气的alive 2．向西的；西部的west 3．丑陋的；难看的ugly 4．木制的；木头的wooden 5．塑料的plastic 6．残酷的；残忍的cruel 副词adv． 1．在上面above 2．向西；朝西west 动词v． 1．取消；终止cancel 2．消失；不见disappear 3．乱扔litter 4．花费cost 5．承担得起(后果)；买得起afford 6．回收利用；再利用recycle 介词prep． 1．在……上面above 2．到；直到till 连词conj． 到；直到till
1．expect v．预料；期待 →expected adj．预期的；预料的→unexpected (反义词) 出乎意料的；始料不及的 2．oversleep v．睡过头；睡得太久 →overslept (过去式/过去分词) 3．burn v．着火；燃烧 →burnt/burned (过去式/过去分词) →burning adj．着火的；燃烧的 4．fool n．蠢人；傻瓜v．愚弄 →foolish adj．可笑的；愚蠢的 5．office n．办公室 →officer n．军官；官员→official adj．公务的；官方的；正式的 6．fisherman n．渔民；钓鱼的人 →fishermen (复数) 7．advantage n．优点；有利条件 →disadvantage (反义词)缺点；不利因素 8．law n．法律；法规 →lawyer n．律师 9．cost v．花费 →cost (过去式/过去分词) 10．harm v．& n．伤害；损害 →harmful adj．有害的→harmless (反义词)无害的；无恶意的
1．by the time...在……以前 2．give...a lift 捎……一程 3．in line with (与……)成一排 4．show up 赶到；露面 5．costume party 化装舞会 6．sell out 卖光 7．be harmful to 对……有害 8．at the top of 在……顶部或顶端 9．the food chain 食物链 10．take part in 参加 11．pay for 付费；付出代价 12．take action 采取行动 13．put sth．to good use 好好利用某物 14．pull...down 拆下；摧毁 15．bring back 恢复；使想起；归还
1．当我到学校的时候，我意识到我把书包落在家里了。 When I got to school，I realized I had left my backpack at home． 2．在我回到学校以前，上课铃已经响了。 By the time I got back to school，the bell had rung． 3．在我到公交车站以前，公交车已经离开了。 Before I got to the bus stop，the bus had already left． 4．我正要上楼去办公室，这时我决定先买一杯咖啡。 I was about to go up to my office when I decided to get a coffee first． 5．当我正和其他办公室工作人员排队等候时，我听到了一声巨响。 As I was waiting in line with the other office workers，I heard a loud sound． 6．我们正在努力拯救地球！ We're trying to save the Earth! 7．这条河曾经那么干净！ The river used to be so clean! 8．空气污染很严重。 The air is badly polluted． 9．没有科学研究表明鱼翅对健康有好处。 No scientific studies have shown that shark fins are good for health． 10．我们应该帮助拯救鲨鱼。 We should help save the sharks．
根据句意选出黑体词汇的最佳释义。
1．last A．adj．最后的 B．v．持续
①(2024·泰安高新区模拟)Bears can go into a very deep sleep．It can last from three months to half a year． ( B )
②(2023·济南中考)What does the underlined word “devote” mean in the last paragraph？ ( A )
2．cost A．n．价钱；花费 B．n．成本 C．n．代价，损失 D．v．花费
①(2024·泰安泰山区模拟)It also costs too much to buy a home robot at present． ( D )
②(2024·泰安一模)The cost of building was over budget (预算)． ( A )
③The firefighter saved the girl from the fire but at the cost of his own life． ( C )
④We have had to raise our prices because of the rising of costs． ( B )
主题二 教材语篇串考点
根据短文内容，用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使文章通顺、完整，每词限用一次。
Passage 1[素材选自Unit 7]
follow headed locate wait ring at what suddenly thick help
In May 2001，I managed to find a job in New York at the World Trade Center．On September 11，2001，I reached my building at about 8：30 in the morning．I was just about to go up when I 1．suddenly decided to get a cup of coffee first．I 2．headed to my favorite coffee place，even though it was 3．located two blocks east of my office．As I was patiently waiting in line along with other office workers，all of a sudden，I heard a loud sound．Before I had the chance to join the others outside to figure out what was happening，the first plane had shockingly hit my office building．We stared in disbelief at the 4．thick black smoke rising above the burning building．I couldn't 5．help but feel incredibly(极其) lucky to have survived such an incident．
Almost 10 years later，on February 21，2011，I woke up at 10：00 a．m．and realized that my alarm had never 6．rung．I hurriedly jumped out of bed and rushed straight to the airport．But unfortunately，by the time I arrived 7．at the airport，my plane to New Zealand had already taken off．“This is the very first holiday I've taken in an entire year，and now I've missed my flight．8．What bad luck！” I said to myself．The other planes were completely full，so I had no choice but to 9．wait until the next day．The 10．following morning，I heard the news about the earthquake in New Zealand the day before．My bad luck had unexpectedly changed into a good thing．
Passage 2[素材选自Unit 8]
powerful threat death educate if reality hand within any such
Save the Sharks!
Many people have heard of shark fin soup．This famous and expensive dish is especially popular in southern China．But have you ever realized that each time you enjoy a bowl of shark fin soup，you are actually causing the 1．death of an entire shark
When people go catching sharks，they cut off their fins and then heartlessly throw the shark back into the ocean．This act not only is incredibly cruel but also creates a 2．threat to the environment．Without a fin，a shark is unable to swim and will gradually meet its death．Sharks are in the top position in the food chain 3．within the ocean's ecosystem．4．If their population numbers decrease to a low level，it will bring danger to all ocean life．Many people mistakenly believe that sharks can never be endangered because they are considered the most 5．powerful in their food chain．However，the 6．reality is that about 70 million sharks are caught and traded in this industry every year．The numbers of some shark species have fallen by more than 90 percent during the last 20 to 30 years．
Environmental protection groups from all around the world，7．such as WildAid and the WWF，are actively 8．educating the public about the cruel “finning”．They have even asked governments to develop laws to stop the sale of shark fins．So far，no scientific studies have shown that shark fins offer 9．any benefits to health．So，then，why should we eat them？Let's all join 10．hands to help save the sharks!
主题三 重点知识明考向
by the time的用法
by the time 意为“在……以前”，是一个连词，通常引导时间状语从句。主要用法如下：
(1)如果从句中的谓语动词是一般过去时，主句中的谓语动词通常用过去完成时，表示“截止到从句动作发生时，主句动作已经完成”。
(2)如果从句中的谓语动词为一般现在时或现在完成时(表示将来)，主句中的谓语动词常用将来完成时，表示“截止到将来某一时间为止，主句动作将已经完成”。
By the time the teacher came，we had finished cleaning the classroom．
老师到来以前，我们已经打扫完教室了。
We will have already left by the time they arrive．
在他们到达以前，我们将已经离开了。
1．By the time I got (get) up，my mother had already cooked the breakfast．
2．By the time John finishes (finish) his homework，his classmates will have left to play football．
3．(2024·泰安一模改编)By the time I turned (turn) to it again，the dog had gone．
afford的用法
(1)afford v．意为“承担得起(后果)；买得起”，常与can/can't/could/couldn't/be able to等连用。
(2)afford＋n．/pron．买得起……
afford to do sth．负担得起做某事。
Paul always rode the bus although he could afford a car．
虽然保罗买得起汽车，但是他总是乘坐公交车。
We can't afford to make any mistakes．
我们承担不起犯任何错误的后果。
1．Nowadays many farmers can afford(买得起) to buy a house in the city．
2．I am afraid we can not afford to take (take) a taxi．Let's go by underground instead．
3．(2024·泰安宁阳模拟改编)The prices of tricycles are low and many people can afford (买得起) them．
4．这款新手机太贵了，我支付不起。(翻译句子)
The new mobile phone is so expensive that I can't afford it．
I always wanted to travel around the world．By the time I graduated from university，I had saved some money．But it wasn't enough to afford such a big trip．However，I decided to take a part-time job to earn more．Finally，I could afford to go traveling I had dreamed of．
课时规范训练(二十四)
考查范围：九年级 Units 7～8
(建议用时 30分钟)
一、单词拼写(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)
根据句意和首字母或汉语提示，将单词的正确形式完整地写在相应位置上。
1．We could only see the mountain tops above (在……上面) the clouds．
2．Actually，we could not afford (承担得起) to lose anyone of our team，or we won't win．
3．—The shirt looks nice on you! How much does it cost (花费)
—I just paid (付费) ten dollars for it．
4．(2023·扬州中考)More than half of the world's wetlands have disappeared(消失) since the beginning of the 20th century．
5．A famous English saying is written at the bottom (底部) of each page．
6．We had better cancel the sports meeting because of the storm．
7．We arrived at the airport two hours before our flight．
8．Smoking is harmful to our health，so we should keep away from it．
9．Please shake the bottle gently before taking the medicine．
10．Many jobs require people who are good at English．If your English is good，you will have one more advantage when searching for jobs．
二、完形填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
(2024·贵州中考)Phoebe Snetsinger had just returned from a trip to Alaska when her doctors told her that she had cancer．She had less than a year to live．Phoebe was 50． As soon as she heard the 1 ， she decided to spend the rest of her life doing what she loved most—watching birds．
She immediately went off to some of the world's most amazing natural places．Her 2 were very hard．But Phoebe surprised her doctors and her family as she carried on traveling．A year came and went，and she was still 3 ．She was doing something that she loved and that helped her to be healthy for another ten 4 ．
The cancer came back，but even then Phoebe Snetsinger decided not to 5 ．At the age of 61，when she had seen 7，530 species (物种)，she was named “the world's leading bird spotter (观察者)”．
In Missouri，Phoebe 6 a group of people who were interested in birds and plants around the Mississippi River．She became very worried about 7 and its bad influence on the environment．“We have to protect nature，” she said．“If we don't，people won't be able to enjoy 8 these beautiful birds in the future．”
Sadly，when Phoebe was 68，she died in a car accident．Four years later，the American Birding Association 9 her memoirs (回忆录)，Birding on Borrowed Time．Many people have enjoyed reading this 10 book．It isn't just a story about a bird spotter's travels，but a touching human record of how her hobby helped her to live much longer than expected．
【文章大意】 文章主要讲述了一个观鸟爱好者得了癌症后仍活了十八年的故事，她告诉了我们爱好有时对我们的健康很有好处。
1．A．story B．news C．play
B [句意：当她听到这个消息时，她决定用她的余生来做她最喜欢的事情——观察鸟类。story故事；news消息；play戏剧。根据前文“She had less than a year to live．”可知，这是医生告诉她的消息。故选B。]
2．A．trips B．tasks C．exams
A [句意：她的旅行非常艰难。trip旅行；task任务；exam考试。根据“her family as she carried on traveling”可知，此处指她的旅行。故选A。]
3．A．alive B．confident C．famous
A [句意：一年过去了，她仍然活着。alive活着的；confident自信的；famous著名的。根据“A year came and went，and she was still ”和后文可知，一年后她仍然活着。故选A。]
4．A．days B．months C．years
C [句意：她在做自己喜欢的事情，这帮助她在接下来的十年里保持健康。day天；month月；year年。根据“She had less than a year to live．Phoebe was 50．”和“At the age of 61”可知，又过了10年。故选C。]
5．A．stop B．share C．prepare
A [句意：癌症复发了，但即便如此，菲比·斯奈辛格还是决定不放弃。stop停止；share分享；prepare准备。根据“The cancer came back，but even then Phoebe Snetsinger decided not to ”和后文可知，她没有停止，而是继续做自己喜欢的事。故选A。]
6．A．changed B．joined C．described
B [句意：在密苏里州，菲比加入了一群对密西西比河周围的鸟类和植物感兴趣的人。change改变；join加入；describe描述。根据“Phoebe a group of people who were interested in birds and plants around the Mississippi River．”可知，菲比加入了一群对密西西比河周围的鸟类和植物感兴趣的人。故选B。]
7．A．safety B．pollution C．health
B [句意：她非常担心污染及其对环境的不良影响。safety安全；pollution污染；health健康。根据“She became very worried about and its bad influence on the environment．”可知，污染会对环境造成不良影响。故选B。]
8．A．watching B．drawing C．helping
A [句意：如果我们不这样做，未来人们将无法欣赏到这些美丽的鸟类。watch观看；draw画画；help帮助。根据“people won't be able to enjoy these beautiful birds in the future”和前文可知，是观鸟。故选A。]
9．A．copied B．discussed C．published
C [句意：四年后，美国观鸟协会出版了她的回忆录《借来的时间观鸟》。copy复制；discuss讨论；publish发布。根据“the American Birding Association
her memoirs (回忆录)”可知，美国观鸟协会出版了她的回忆录。故选C。]
10．A．thick B．expensive C．moving
C [句意：许多人都喜欢读这本感人的书。thick厚的；expensive昂贵的；moving感人的。根据“It isn't just a story about a bird spotter's travels，but a touching human record of how her hobby helped her to live much longer than expected．”可知，这是一个感人的人类记录，所以这本书是感人的。故选C。]
三、阅读(共4小题；每小题2分，满分8分)
(2024·东营中考)Something terrible happened to Han Mei at school one day．When Han Mei and her friend Li Dan were walking down the stairs (楼梯) from the third floor，her classmate Xu Nuo accidentally hit her on the back．She lost her balance (平衡) and fell down the stairs．She broke her left leg and her right arm was bleeding．She had a bruise (瘀伤) on her right leg too．
“Ouch! That hurt！” cried Han Mei．Her teacher Miss Gao called 120 right away．
Han Mei had to stay in hospital for a week．In the ward (病房)，she met Wang Hong，who broke her arm in a car accident．They talked for long hours．They left hospital on the same day．
The doctor told Han Mei that she had to stay at home for a month so that her leg could get well again．Han Mei could not go to school．She was upset．Wang Hong went to visit her．She told Han Mei interesting stories to cheer her up．They played chess and watched cartoons together．
When Han Mei could walk again，she joined some interest classes with Wang Hong．They visited many places together too．Since then，Wang Hong has been Han Mei's best friend．
“This accident caused me a lot of pain，but luckily，I got a best friend，” thought Han Mei．
【文章大意】 文章主要介绍韩梅在学校受伤的经历。
1．What happened to Han Mei at school
A．She fell down on the third floor．
B．She was hit on the back purposely．
C．She broke her arm in a car accident．
D．She got hurt and was sent to hospital．
D [细节理解题。根据“She broke her left leg and her right arm was bleeding．She had a bruise (瘀伤) on her right leg too．”和“Her teacher Miss Gao called 120 right away．”可知，韩梅受了伤，被送往医院。故选D。]
2．Which of the following is TRUE
A．Han Mei left hospital earlier than Wang Hong．
B．Han Mei was upset because she missed Wang Hong．
C．Han Mei told Wang Hong interesting stories．
D．Han Mei went to many places with Wang Hong．
D [细节理解题。根据“They visited many places together too．”可知，韩梅和王红去了很多地方。故选D。]
3．The right order of the following statements is ．
①Wang Hong made Han Mei happy．
②Han Mei and Wang Hong studied and played together．
③Han Mei and Wang Hong met and got to know each other．
A．③①② B．③②①
C．①③② D．②③①
A [细节理解题。根据“In the ward (病房)，she met Wang Hong，who broke her arm in a car accident．”，“She told Han Mei interesting stories to cheer her up．”和“When Han Mei could walk again，she joined some interest classes with Wang Hong．They visited many places together too．”可知，她们先在病房相遇，然后王红讲有趣的故事让韩梅高兴，最后二人一起学习、出去玩。故选A。]
4．What does Han Mei probably learn from this experience
A．Health is the most important thing．
B．A bad thing may bring a good result．
C．The same interests can bring people closer．
D．Friends should bring out the best in each other．
B [推理判断题。根据“This accident caused me a lot of pain，but luckily，I got a best friend”可知，这次事故给我带来了很大的痛苦，但幸运的是，我有了一个最好的朋友。由此可知，坏事可能带来好结果。故选B。]
四、综合填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
根据短文内容，用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使文章通顺、完整，每词限用一次。
(2024·济南章丘模拟改编)
a actual century cheap begin from study use their what
What should you do if you have a headache？In modern times，people often take aspirin (阿司匹林)．But is aspirin 1． a modern medicine
More than 4，000 years ago，ancient Egyptians used dried leaves to treat pain．And in the fourth century B．C． a medicine made from tree bark (树皮) was 2． to treat fevers．In the nineteenth century，European scientists discovered that both medicines have the same chemical (化学物质)．They used the chemical to make a modern medicine—aspirin．Today，it's one of the world's 3． and most helpful medicines．
Some of the medicines we have today come 4． traditional Chinese medicine．In the third century B．C．，some people 5． studying the human body．They tried many different ways to treat the patients and recorded 6． results．For more than 2，000 years，doctors recorded 7． they found in books．These ancient books are still useful today．Tu Youyou，8． Chinese medical researcher，found that in the past，people used a herb with yellow flowers to treat fevers．After studying it，she developed a medicine that saved millions of people from dying．
For 9． ， Western medicine paid little attention to traditional Chinese medicine．But today，scientists are 10． traditional treatments to develop new medicines．
【文章大意】 文章主要介绍了现代药物与古代药物之间的联系。
actually [句意：但是阿司匹林真的是一种现代药物吗？根据“But is aspirin
a modern medicine？”和备选词可知，空处需填副词，作状语，actual的副词是actually。故填actually。]
2．used [句意：公元前4世纪，一种由树皮制成的药物被用来治疗发烧。根据“And in the fourth century B．C．a medicine made from tree bark (树皮) was
to treat fevers．”和备选词可知，此处是指一种药物被用来治疗发烧，“a medicine”与“use”之间为被动关系，时态为一般过去时，语态为被动，主语a medicine，单数，谓语用“was＋过去分词”的结构，use的过去分词为used。故填used。]
3．cheapest [句意：今天，它是世界上最便宜和最有用的药物之一。根据“Today，it's one of the world's and most helpful medicines．”和备选词可知，“one of the＋形容词最高级＋可数名词复数”表示“最……的……之一”，空处需填形容词最高级形式，cheap的最高级形式是cheapest，前有名词所有格world's，不需要加the。故填cheapest。]
4．from [句意：我们今天使用的一些药物来自传统中医。根据“come
traditional Chinese medicine”可知，固定搭配come from表示“来自”。故填from。]
5．began [句意：在公元前3世纪，一些人开始了解人体。根据“In the third century B．C．”和备选词可知，公元前3世纪，时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式，begin的过去式是began。故填began。]
6．their [句意：他们尝试了许多不同的方法来治疗病人，并记录了他们的结果。根据名词“results”和备选词可知，名词results前需填形容词性物主代词，作定语，they的形容词性物主代词为their。故填their。]
7．what [句意：两千多年来，医生们把他们的发现记录在书本上。根据“For more than 2，000 years，doctors recorded they found in books．”可知，医生们把他们的发现记录在书本上，句子为宾语从句，且此处表陈述，空处需填连接代词，在从句中作宾语，what为连接代词，符合语境。故填what。]
8．a [句意：中国医学研究人员屠呦呦发现，过去人们用一种开黄色花朵的草药来治疗发烧。根据“Tu Youyou， Chinese medical researcher，found that in the past，people used a herb with yellow flowers to treat fevers．”可知，此处指屠呦呦是一名中国医学研究人员，且Chinese的发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。]
9．centuries [句意：几个世纪以来，西医很少关注中医。根据“ Western medicine paid little attention to traditional Chinese medicine”和备选词可知，此处应为几个世纪以来，空处需填名词复数，century的复数形式是centuries。故填centuries。]
10．studying [句意：但今天，科学家们正在研究传统治疗，以开发新药。根据“today”和备选词可知，此处是科学家们正在研究传统治疗，时态为现在进行时，谓语用“am/is/are＋动词现在分词”的结构，study的现在分词形式为studying。故填studying。]
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)(共73张PPT)
九年级 Units 7～8
主题目标 践行学思结合
主题群概览 核心素养内涵 子主题群目标
生活与学习 语言能力；文化意识；思维品质；学习能力 1．掌握基础词汇知识，能用句子描述身边意外事件和保护环境的具体信息。
2．通过语境应用，实践重要知识点，深化理解主题意义。
环境保护
深化探究 完成主题目标
主题一 基础知识固根基
名词 n．
1．背包；旅行包________
2．街区_____
3．机场_______
4．西；西方____
backpack
block
airport
west
5．奶油；乳脂_____
6．豆；豆荚____
7．市场；集市______
8．女士；女子____
9．垃圾；废弃物_____
10．煤；煤块____
cream
bean
market
lady
litter
coal
11．花费；价钱____
12．塑料；塑胶_______
13．工业；行业________
14．大门____
15．瓶子______
16．负责人；主席；总统_________
17．(音乐、艺术)作品____
18．金属_____
cost
plastic
industry
gate
bottle
president
work
metal
形容词 adj．
1．活着；有生气的_____
2．向西的；西部的____
3．丑陋的；难看的____
4．木制的；木头的_______
5．塑料的_______
6．残酷的；残忍的_____
alive
west
ugly
wooden
plastic
cruel
副词adv．
1．在上面_____
2．向西；朝西____
above
west
动词 v．
1．取消；终止______
2．消失；不见_________
3．乱扔_____
4．花费____
5．承担得起(后果)；买得起______
6．回收利用；再利用_______
cancel
disappear
litter
cost
afford
recycle
介词 prep．
1．在……上面_____
2．到；直到___
连词 conj．
到；直到____
above
till
till
1．expect v．预料；期待
→________ adj．预期的；预料的→__________ (反义词) 出乎意料的；始料不及的
2．oversleep v．睡过头；睡得太久
→_________ (过去式/过去分词)
3．burn v．着火；燃烧
→_____________ (过去式/过去分词) →_______ adj．着火的；燃烧的
expected
unexpected
overslept
burnt/burned
burning
4．fool n．蠢人；傻瓜v．愚弄
→_______ adj．可笑的；愚蠢的
5．office n．办公室
→_______ n．军官；官员→________ adj．公务的；官方的；正式的
6．fisherman n．渔民；钓鱼的人
→_________ (复数)
foolish
officer
official
fishermen
7．advantage n．优点；有利条件
→____________ (反义词)缺点；不利因素
8．law n．法律；法规
→______ n．律师
9．cost v．花费
→____ (过去式/过去分词)’
10．harm v．& n．伤害；损害
→_______ adj．有害的→________ (反义词)无害的；无恶意的
disadvantage
lawyer
cost
harmful
harmless
1．___________在……以前
2．_________ 捎……一程
3．__________ (与……)成一排
4．________ 赶到；露面
5．____________ 化装舞会
by the time...
give...a lift
in line with
show up
costume party
6．______卖光
7．___________对……有害
8．___________在……顶部或顶端
9．____________ 食物链
10．__________ 参加
sell out
be harmful to
at the top of
the food chain
take part in
11．______ 付费；付出代价
12．_________ 采取行动
13．_________________ 好好利用某物
14．__________ 拆下；摧毁
15．_________恢复；使想起；归还
pay for
take action
put sth．to good use
pull...down
bring back
1．当我到学校的时候，我意识到我把书包落在家里了。
____________school，I realized I _______my backpack at home．
2．在我回到学校以前，上课铃已经响了。
By the time I ___ back to school，the bell _______．
3．在我到公交车站以前，公交车已经离开了。
Before I _____ the bus stop，the bus ___ already ___．
When I got to
had left
got
had rung
got to
had
left
4．我正要上楼去办公室，这时我决定先买一杯咖啡。
I ___________ go up to my office ____ I decided to get a coffee first．
5．当我正和其他办公室工作人员排队等候时，我听到了一声巨响。
As I ________________ with the other office workers，I _____ a loud sound．
6．我们正在努力拯救地球！
We're _______ save the Earth!
was about to
when
was waiting in line
heard
trying to
7．这条河曾经那么干净！
The river _________so clean!
8．空气污染很严重。
The air is ____________．
9．没有科学研究表明鱼翅对健康有好处。
No scientific studies have _________ shark fins are good for health．
10．我们应该帮助拯救鲨鱼。
We __________ save the sharks．
used to be
badly polluted
shown that
should help
根据句意选出黑体词汇的最佳释义。
1．last A．adj．最后的 B．v．持续
①(2024·泰安高新区模拟)Bears can go into a very deep sleep．It can last from three months to half a year． ( )
②(2023·济南中考)What does the underlined word “devote” mean in the last paragraph？ ( )
B
A
2．cost A．n．价钱；花费 B．n．成本 C．n．代价，损失 D．v．花费
①(2024·泰安泰山区模拟)It also costs too much to buy a home robot at present． ( )
②(2024·泰安一模)The cost of building was over budget (预算)． ( )
③The firefighter saved the girl from the fire but at the cost of his own life． ( )
④We have had to raise our prices because of the rising of costs． ( )
D
C
A
B
主题二 教材语篇串考点
根据短文内容，用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使文章通顺、完整，每词限用一次。
Passage 1[素材选自Unit 7]
follow headed locate wait ring at what suddenly thick help
In May 2001，I managed to find a job in New York at the World Trade Center．On September 11，2001，I reached my building at about 8：30 in the morning．I was just about to go up when I 1．________ decided to get a cup of coffee first．I 2．______ to my favorite coffee place，even though it was 3．_______ two blocks east of my office．As I was patiently waiting in line along with other office workers，
suddenly
headed
located
all of a sudden，I heard a loud sound．Before I had the chance to join the others outside to figure out what was happening，the first plane had shockingly hit my office building．We stared in disbelief at the 4．_____ black smoke rising above the burning building．I couldn't 5．____ but feel incredibly(极其) lucky to have survived such an incident．
thick
help
Almost 10 years later，on February 21，2011，I woke up at 10：00 a．m．and realized that my alarm had never 6．____．I hurriedly jumped out of bed and rushed straight to the airport．But unfortunately，by the time I arrived 7．__ the airport，my plane to New Zealand had already taken off．“This is the very first holiday I've taken in an entire year，and now I've missed my flight．8．____ bad luck！” I said to myself．The other planes were completely full，so I had no choice but to 9．____ until the next day．The 10．_________ morning，I heard the news about the earthquake in New Zealand the day before．My bad luck had unexpectedly changed into a good thing．
rung
at
What
wait
following
Passage 2[素材选自Unit 8]
powerful threat death educate if reality hand within any such
Save the Sharks!
Many people have heard of shark fin soup．This famous and expensive dish is especially popular in southern China．But have you ever realized that each time you enjoy a bowl of shark fin soup，you are actually causing the 1．_____ of an entire shark
death
When people go catching sharks，they cut off their fins and then heartlessly throw the shark back into the ocean．This act not only is incredibly cruel but also creates a 2．______ to the environment．Without a fin，a shark is unable to swim and will gradually meet its death．Sharks are in the top position in the food chain 3．______ the ocean's ecosystem．4．__ their population numbers
threat
within
If
decrease to a low level，it will bring danger to all ocean life．Many people mistakenly believe that sharks can never be endangered because they are considered the most 5．________ in their food chain．However，the 6．_____is that about 70 million sharks are caught and traded in this industry every year．The numbers of some shark species have fallen by more than 90 percent during the last 20 to 30 years．
powerful
reality
Environmental protection groups from all around the world，7．____ as WildAid and the WWF，are actively 8．_________ the public about the cruel “finning”．They have even asked governments to develop laws to stop the sale of shark fins．So far，no scientific studies have shown that shark fins offer 9．___ benefits to health．So，then，why should we eat them？Let's all join 10．_____ to help save the sharks!
such
educating
any
hands
by the time的用法
by the time 意为“在……以前”，是一个连词，通常引导时间状语从句。主要用法如下：
(1)如果从句中的谓语动词是一般过去时，主句中的谓语动词通常用过去完成时，表示“截止到从句动作发生时，主句动作已经完成”。
(2)如果从句中的谓语动词为一般现在时或现在完成时(表示将来)，主句中的谓语动词常用将来完成时，表示“截止到将来某一时间为止，主句动作将已经完成”。
By the time the teacher came，we had finished cleaning the classroom．
老师到来以前，我们已经打扫完教室了。
We will have already left by the time they arrive．
在他们到达以前，我们将已经离开了。
1．By the time I ___ (get) up，my mother had already cooked the breakfast．
2．By the time John ________ (finish) his homework，his classmates will have left to play football．
3．(2024·泰安一模改编)By the time I ______ (turn) to it again，the dog had gone．
got
finishes
turned
afford的用法
(1)afford v．意为“承担得起(后果)；买得起”，常与can/can't/could/couldn't/be able to等连用。
(2)afford＋n．/pron．买得起……
afford to do sth．负担得起做某事。
Paul always rode the bus although he could afford a car．
虽然保罗买得起汽车，但是他总是乘坐公交车。
We can't afford to make any mistakes．
我们承担不起犯任何错误的后果。
1．Nowadays many farmers can ______(买得起) to buy a house in the city．
2．I am afraid we can not afford ______ (take) a taxi．Let's go by underground instead．
afford
to take
3．(2024·泰安宁阳模拟改编)The prices of tricycles are low and many people can ______ (买得起) them．
4．这款新手机太贵了，我支付不起。(翻译句子)
_________________________________________________
afford
The new mobile phone is so expensive that I can't afford it．
语境串记
I always wanted to travel around the world．By the time I graduated from university，I had saved some money．But it wasn't enough to afford such a big trip．However，I decided to take a part-time job to earn more．Finally，I could afford to go traveling I had dreamed of．
课时规范训练(二十四)
考查范围：九年级 Units 7～8
(建议用时 30分钟)
一、单词拼写(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)
根据句意和首字母或汉语提示，将单词的正确形式完整地写在相应位置上。
1．We could only see the mountain tops _____ (在……上面) the clouds．
2．Actually，we could not ______ (承担得起) to lose anyone of our team，or we won't win．
3．—The shirt looks nice on you! How much does it ____ (花费)
—I just ____ (付费) ten dollars for it．
4．(2023·扬州中考)More than half of the world's wetlands have ___________(消失) since the beginning of the 20th century．
5．A famous English saying is written at the ______ (底部) of each page．
above
afford
cost
paid
disappeared
bottom
6．We had better c_____ the sports meeting because of the storm．
7．We arrived at the a______ two hours before our flight．
8．Smoking is h_______ to our health，so we should keep away from it．
9．Please shake the b_____ gently before taking the medicine．
10．Many jobs require people who are good at English．If your English is good，you will have one more a_________ when searching for jobs．
ancel
irport
armful
ottle
dvantage
二、完形填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
(2024·贵州中考)Phoebe Snetsinger had just returned from a trip to Alaska when her doctors told her that she had cancer．She had less than a year to live．Phoebe was 50． As soon as she heard the 1 ， she decided to spend the rest of her life doing what she loved most—watching birds．
She immediately went off to some of the world's most amazing natural places．Her 2 were very hard．But Phoebe surprised her doctors and her family as she carried on traveling．A year came and went，and she was still 3 ．She was doing something that she loved and that helped her to be healthy for another ten 4 ．
The cancer came back，but even then Phoebe Snetsinger decided not to 5 ．At the age of 61，when she had seen 7，530 species (物种)，she was named “the world's leading bird spotter (观察者)”．
In Missouri，Phoebe 6 a group of people who were interested in birds and plants around the Mississippi River．She became very worried about 7 and its bad influence on the environment．“We have to protect nature，” she said．“If we don't，people won't be able to enjoy 8 these beautiful birds in the future．”
Sadly，when Phoebe was 68，she died in a car accident．Four years later，the American Birding Association 9 her memoirs (回忆录)，Birding on Borrowed Time．Many people have enjoyed reading this 10 book．It isn't just a story about a bird spotter's travels，but a touching human record of how her hobby helped her to live much longer than expected．
【文章大意】 文章主要讲述了一个观鸟爱好者得了癌症后仍活了十八年的故事，她告诉了我们爱好有时对我们的健康很有好处。
√
1．A．story B．news C．play
B [句意：当她听到这个消息时，她决定用她的余生来做她最喜欢的事情——观察鸟类。story故事；news消息；play戏剧。根据前文“She had less than a year to live．”可知，这是医生告诉她的消息。故选B。]
√
2．A．trips B．tasks C．exams
A [句意：她的旅行非常艰难。trip旅行；task任务；exam考试。根据“her family as she carried on traveling”可知，此处指她的旅行。故选A。]
√
3．A．alive B．confident C．famous
A [句意：一年过去了，她仍然活着。alive活着的；confident自信的；famous著名的。根据“A year came and went，and she was still ________”和后文可知，一年后她仍然活着。故选A。]
√
4．A．days B．months C．years
C [句意：她在做自己喜欢的事情，这帮助她在接下来的十年里保持健康。day天；month月；year年。根据“She had less than a year to live．Phoebe was 50．”和“At the age of 61”可知，又过了10年。故选C。]
√
5．A．stop B．share C．prepare
A [句意：癌症复发了，但即便如此，菲比·斯奈辛格还是决定不放弃。stop停止；share分享；prepare准备。根据“The cancer came back，but even then Phoebe Snetsinger decided not to ________”和后文可知，她没有停止，而是继续做自己喜欢的事。故选A。]
√
6．A．changed B．joined C．described
B [句意：在密苏里州，菲比加入了一群对密西西比河周围的鸟类和植物感兴趣的人。change改变；join加入；describe描述。根据“Phoebe ________ a group of people who were interested in birds and plants around the Mississippi River．”可知，菲比加入了一群对密西西比河周围的鸟类和植物感兴趣的人。故选B。]
√
7．A．safety B．pollution C．health
B [句意：她非常担心污染及其对环境的不良影响。safety安全；pollution污染；health健康。根据“She became very worried about ________ and its bad influence on the environment．”可知，污染会对环境造成不良影响。故选B。]
√
8．A．watching B．drawing C．helping
A [句意：如果我们不这样做，未来人们将无法欣赏到这些美丽的鸟类。watch观看；draw画画；help帮助。根据“people won't be able to enjoy ________ these beautiful birds in the future”和前文可知，是观鸟。故选A。]
√
9．A．copied B．discussed C．published
C [句意：四年后，美国观鸟协会出版了她的回忆录《借来的时间观鸟》。copy复制；discuss讨论；publish发布。根据“the American Birding Association ________ her memoirs (回忆录)”可知，美国观鸟协会出版了她的回忆录。故选C。]
√
10．A．thick B．expensive C．moving
C [句意：许多人都喜欢读这本感人的书。thick厚的；expensive昂贵的；moving感人的。根据“It isn't just a story about a bird spotter's travels，but a touching human record of how her hobby helped her to live much longer than expected．”可知，这是一个感人的人类记录，所以这本书是感人的。故选C。]
三、阅读(共4小题；每小题2分，满分8分)
(2024·东营中考)Something terrible happened to Han Mei at school one day．When Han Mei and her friend Li Dan were walking down the stairs (楼梯) from the third floor，her classmate Xu Nuo accidentally hit her on the back．She lost her balance (平衡) and fell down the stairs．She broke her left leg and her right arm was bleeding．She had a bruise (瘀伤) on her right leg too．
“Ouch! That hurt！” cried Han Mei．Her teacher Miss Gao called 120 right away．
Han Mei had to stay in hospital for a week．In the ward (病房)，she met Wang Hong，who broke her arm in a car accident．They talked for long hours．They left hospital on the same day．
The doctor told Han Mei that she had to stay at home for a month so that her leg could get well again．Han Mei could not go to school．She was upset．Wang Hong went to visit her．She told Han Mei interesting stories to cheer her up．They played chess and watched cartoons together．
When Han Mei could walk again，she joined some interest classes with Wang Hong．They visited many places together too．Since then，Wang Hong has been Han Mei's best friend．
“This accident caused me a lot of pain，but luckily，I got a best friend，” thought Han Mei．
【文章大意】 文章主要介绍韩梅在学校受伤的经历。
√
1．What happened to Han Mei at school
A．She fell down on the third floor．
B．She was hit on the back purposely．
C．She broke her arm in a car accident．
D．She got hurt and was sent to hospital．
D [细节理解题。根据“She broke her left leg and her right arm was bleeding．She had a bruise (瘀伤) on her right leg too．”和“Her teacher Miss Gao called 120 right away．”可知，韩梅受了伤，被送往医院。故选D。]
√
2．Which of the following is TRUE
A．Han Mei left hospital earlier than Wang Hong．
B．Han Mei was upset because she missed Wang Hong．
C．Han Mei told Wang Hong interesting stories．
D．Han Mei went to many places with Wang Hong．
D [细节理解题。根据“They visited many places together too．”可知，韩梅和王红去了很多地方。故选D。]
√
3．The right order of the following statements is ________．
①Wang Hong made Han Mei happy．
②Han Mei and Wang Hong studied and played together．
③Han Mei and Wang Hong met and got to know each other．
A．③①② B．③②①
C．①③② D．②③①
A [细节理解题。根据“In the ward (病房)，she met Wang Hong，who broke her arm in a car accident．”，“She told Han Mei interesting stories to cheer her up．”和“When Han Mei could walk again，she joined some interest classes with Wang Hong．They visited many places together too．”可知，她们先在病房相遇，然后王红讲有趣的故事让韩梅高兴，最后二人一起学习、出去玩。故选A。]
√
4．What does Han Mei probably learn from this experience
A．Health is the most important thing．
B．A bad thing may bring a good result．
C．The same interests can bring people closer．
D．Friends should bring out the best in each other．
B [推理判断题。根据“This accident caused me a lot of pain，but luckily，I got a best friend”可知，这次事故给我带来了很大的痛苦，但幸运的是，我有了一个最好的朋友。由此可知，坏事可能带来好结果。故选B。]
四、综合填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
根据短文内容，用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使文章通顺、完整，每词限用一次。
(2024·济南章丘模拟改编)
a actual century cheap begin from study use their what
What should you do if you have a headache？In modern times，people often take aspirin (阿司匹林)．But is aspirin 1．_______ a modern medicine
actually
More than 4，000 years ago，ancient Egyptians used dried leaves to treat pain．And in the fourth century B．C． a medicine made from tree bark (树皮) was 2．_____ to treat fevers．In the nineteenth century，European scientists discovered that both medicines have the same chemical (化学物质)．They used the chemical to make a modern medicine—aspirin．Today，it's one of the world's 3．________ and most helpful medicines．
used
cheapest
Some of the medicines we have today come 4．_____ traditional Chinese medicine．In the third century B．C．，some people 5．______studying the human body．They tried many different ways to treat the patients and recorded 6．_____ results．For more than 2，000 years，doctors recorded 7．_____ they found in books．These ancient books are still useful today．Tu Youyou，8．__ Chinese medical researcher，found that in the past，people used a herb with yellow flowers to treat fevers．After studying it，she developed a medicine that saved millions of people from dying．
from
began
their
what
a
For 9．________， Western medicine paid little attention to traditional Chinese medicine．But today，scientists are 10．________ traditional treatments to develop new medicines．
【文章大意】 文章主要介绍了现代药物与古代药物之间的联系。
centuries
studying
1．actually [句意：但是阿司匹林真的是一种现代药物吗？根据“But is aspirin ________ a modern medicine？”和备选词可知，空处需填副词，作状语，actual的副词是actually。故填actually。]
2．used [句意：公元前4世纪，一种由树皮制成的药物被用来治疗发烧。根据“And in the fourth century B．C．a medicine made from tree bark (树皮) was __________ to treat fevers．”和备选词可知，此处是指一种药物被用来治疗发烧，“a medicine”与“use”之间为被动关系，时态为一般过去时，语态为被动，主语a medicine，单数，谓语用“was＋过去分词”的结构，use的过去分词为used。故填used。]
3．cheapest [句意：今天，它是世界上最便宜和最有用的药物之一。根据“Today，it's one of the world's ________ and most helpful medicines．”和备选词可知，“one of the＋形容词最高级＋可数名词复数”表示“最……的……之一”，空处需填形容词最高级形式，cheap的最高级形式是cheapest，前有名词所有格world's，不需要加the。故填cheapest。]
4．from [句意：我们今天使用的一些药物来自传统中医。根据“come ________ traditional Chinese medicine”可知，固定搭配come from表示“来自”。故填from。]
5．began [句意：在公元前3世纪，一些人开始了解人体。根据“In the third century B．C．”和备选词可知，公元前3世纪，时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式，begin的过去式是began。故填began。]
6．their [句意：他们尝试了许多不同的方法来治疗病人，并记录了他们的结果。根据名词“results”和备选词可知，名词results前需填形容词性物主代词，作定语，they的形容词性物主代词为their。故填their。]
7．what [句意：两千多年来，医生们把他们的发现记录在书本上。根据“For more than 2，000 years，doctors recorded ________ they found in books．”可知，医生们把他们的发现记录在书本上，句子为宾语从句，且此处表陈述，空处需填连接代词，在从句中作宾语，what为连接代词，符合语境。故填what。]
8．a [句意：中国医学研究人员屠呦呦发现，过去人们用一种开黄色花朵的草药来治疗发烧。根据“Tu Youyou，________ Chinese medical researcher，found that in the past，people used a herb with yellow flowers to treat fevers．”可知，此处指屠呦呦是一名中国医学研究人员，且Chinese的发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。]
9．centuries [句意：几个世纪以来，西医很少关注中医。根据“________ Western medicine paid little attention to traditional Chinese medicine”和备选词可知，此处应为几个世纪以来，空处需填名词复数，century的复数形式是centuries。故填centuries。]
10．studying [句意：但今天，科学家们正在研究传统治疗，以开发新药。根据“today”和备选词可知，此处是科学家们正在研究传统治疗，时态为现在进行时，谓语用“am/is/are＋动词现在分词”的结构，study的现在分词形式为studying。故填studying。]九年级 Units 7～8
深化探究·完成主题目标
主题一 基础知识固根基
会写词汇
名词 1．backpack 2．block 3．airport 4．west 5．cream 6．bean 7．market 8．lady 9．litter 10．coal 11．cost 12．plastic 13．industry 14．gate 15．bottle 16．president 17．work 18．metal
形容词 1．alive 2．west 3．ugly 4．wooden 5．plastic 6．cruel
副词 1．above 2．west
动词 1．cancel 2．disappear 3．litter 4．cost 5．afford 6．recycle
介词 1．above 2．till
连词 till
会辨词形
1．expected；unexpected 2．overslept 3．burnt/burned；burning 4．foolish 5．officer；official 6．fishermen 7．disadvantage 8．lawyer 9．cost 10．harmful；harmless
会记短语
1．by the time... 2．give...a lift 3．in line with 4．show up 5．costume party 6．sell out 7．be harmful to 8．at the top of 9．the food chain 10．take part in 11．pay for 12．take action 13．put sth．to good use 14．pull...down 15．bring back
会用句式
1．When I got to；had left 2．got；had rung 3．got to；had；left 4．was about to；when 5．was waiting in line；heard 6．trying to 7．used to be 8．badly polluted 9．shown that 10．should help
熟词生义
1．①B ②A 2．①D ②A ③C ④B
