(共55张PPT)
题型三 综合填空
技巧融合 真题践思
该题型要求考生从打乱顺序的单词中选出适当的词，并把其正确的形式填入短文中的空格内。
该题型的解题技法如下：
(1)标注词性：研究备选词汇，对词义作初步的理解，同时对词性做简单的标记。
(2)初判选词：通读全文，了解大意，注意发现固定搭配关系，凭借语感主动猜测所缺的信息，根据需要去备选词汇中寻找匹配的答案。
(3)确定词性和词形：分析句子结构，根据固定搭配或语法结构确定词性和词形。
◆当填动词时，要考虑时态和语态的变化，以及非谓语动词形式的变化。
◆当填名词时，要考虑是否把它变成复数或所有格形式。
◆当填形容词或副词时，要考虑是否需要变为比较级或最高级。容易忽略的一点是，有个别空可能是词义转换类，需要根据上下文添加un-，im-等词缀转换词义。
◆当填代词时，要考虑其主格、宾格、名词性物主代词和形容词性物主代词或反身代词的用法。
◆当填数词时，要考虑基数词和序数词的变化，以及分数的表达法。
◆当填句子之间的连接词时，并列句中常用的连词有and，but，or，while等；引导从句的词有what，when，which，where，why，that，because，if，though等。
(4)复读短文，核实答案。
核心素养 类别 体裁 难度 建议用时
文化意识 春节 说明文 ★★★ 10 min
because they before clean relative tradition hang write importance begin
Food is a big part of Chinese New Year celebrations，and many meals are eaten with family and friends．Some 1．________ dishes for the holidays are nian gao cake，long noodles，and dumplings．
Homes are cleaned top to bottom before the beginning of the new year．All cleaning tools are put away before New Year's Eve 2．________ it's believed that good luck may be swept away if cleaning is done on New Year's Day．
traditional
because
The Chinese New Year's Eve and New Year's Day holidays are very family-centered celebrations．Many dinners are held with family and friends，and children receive gifts and take part in traditions like 3．________ ahead of the celebrations and the Lantern Festival．
cleaning
4．______ New Year's Day，homes are decorated (被装饰) with live plants and fresh flowers．Wishes for the new year are 5．______ on red paper．Red is an 6．________ colour for New Year's celebrations，as it shows a bright and happy future．People wear red clothing during the activities．And children，unmarried friends，and close 7．________ are given little red envelopes with money inside for good luck．
Before
written
important
relatives
Chinese New Year 8．_____ with a battle against a beast called the Nian，who would come on the first day of the new year to eat children，livestock (牲畜)，and crops．To protect 9．_________ from the Nian，villagers usually put food in front of their doors believing that the Nian would eat that and leave everything else alone．It was believed that the Nian was afraid of the colour red and firecrackers，so people would 10．_____ red lanterns outside and set off firecrackers．That's why Chinese like the colour red．
began
themselves
hang
【文章大意】 文章讲述了春节是中国最重要的节日之一，并介绍了春节的习俗。
1．考查形容词。根据上下文可知，此处介绍传统食物，应用形容词traditional修饰。故填traditional。
2．考查连词。根据语境可知，前后句是因果关系，前果后因，故填because。
3．考查非谓语动词。句意：很多时候会和家人、朋友一起吃晚饭，孩子们会收到礼物，并参加一些传统活动，比如，在庆祝活动和元宵节之前打扫卫生。根据句意并结合选词可知，此处是指打扫卫生，应用动词clean，like是介词，后跟动名词作宾语。故填cleaning。
4．考查介词。根据语境推测，过新年前，家里用植物和鲜花来装饰，备用词before“在……之前”符合语境。又因空处位于句首，单词首字母应大写。故填Before。
5．考查被动语态。根据上下文语境，人们会把新年的祝福写在红纸上。write “写”，此处是被动语态结构，动词用过去分词形式。故填written。
6．考查形容词。根据上下文及生活常识可知，在新年中红色是很重要的颜色，应用形容词important，故填important。
7．考查名词。根据语境，孩子、未婚的朋友和近亲会得到装着钱的小红包，以求好运。可知，这里是指亲戚，应用名词relative，名词用复数表泛指，故填relatives。
8．考查谓语动词。根据上下文及备用选词可知，是指中国新年开始于与怪兽“年”的战斗，begin“开始”，动词。后句是一般过去时，所以这里动词用过去式，故填began。
9．考查代词。根据语境可知，村民为了保护他们自己不受伤害，应用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。
10．考查情态动词。根据上文人们认为年害怕红色和鞭炮，所以人们会在外面挂红灯笼，放鞭炮。hang“悬挂”，动词，would后跟动词原形。故填hang。
A
核心素养 类别 体裁 难度 建议用时
文化意识 音乐 说明文 ★★★ 11 min
(2024·广西中考)
celebrate close feeling they favorite write quietly radio because without
What music does to your mood (心情)
Music has magic．Different kinds of music bring you different 1．_______．For example，rock music makes you excited while classical music makes you relaxed．And music in a film might make you feel warm 2．_______ it might help you think of wonderful things．Music may lead you into a magic world．
feelings
because
Why is music important
It's hard to imagine a world 3．______ music．People often use it to 4．________ birthdays，festivals and so on．You can enjoy music on your own or in a group．Playing music in a group of people can help you get closer to 5．_____．
without
celebrate
them
How to get music in your life
It's easy to get music in your life．You can just turn on the 6．_____ and listen to different kinds of music for fun．You can also try creating your own songs by yourself．If your experiences are 7．_______ into the songs，your life will be more fun．
radio
written
How to start a musical journey
When you want to relax，start a musical journey．First，find a quiet place and play your 8．_______ music．Next，sit on a chair or lie in a sofa 9．______ and comfortably．And then 10．_____ your eyes and let music paint pictures in your mind．When the music ends，open your eyes and write down what you remember．Now，it's time to take your mind on a relaxing journey．
【文章大意】 文章主要介绍了音乐的相关内容。
favorite
quietly
close
1．feelings [句意：不同的音乐带给你不同的感受。根据“Different kinds of music bring you different ________”和备选词可知，不同的音乐带给你不同的感受，feeling“感觉”，different修饰可数名词复数。故填feelings。]
2．because [句意：电影中的音乐可能会让你感到温暖，因为它可能会帮助你想到美好的事情。“it might help you think of wonderful things”是“And music in a film might make you feel warm”的原因，用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。]
3．without [句意：很难想象一个没有音乐的世界。根据“It's hard to imagine a world ________ music．”和备选词可知，很难想象一个没有音乐的世界，without“没有”符合语境。故填without。]
4．celebrate [句意：人们经常用它来庆祝生日、节日等等。根据“People often use it to ________ birthdays，festivals and so on．”可知，人们经常用它来庆祝生日、节日等，celebrate“庆祝”，不定式结构中用动词原形。故填celebrate。]
5．them [句意：在人群中演奏音乐可以帮助你更接近他们。根据“Playing music in a group of people can help you get closer to...”可知，在一群人中演奏音乐可以帮助你更接近他们，用they的宾格them作宾语。故填them。]
6．radio [句意：你可以打开收音机，听不同种类的音乐来娱乐。根据“You can just turn on the ________ and listen to different kinds of music for fun．”可知，你可以打开收音机听不同种类的音乐，radio“收音机”符合语境。故填radio。]
5．them [句意：在人群中演奏音乐可以帮助你更接近他们。根据“Playing music in a group of people can help you get closer to...”可知，在一群人中演奏音乐可以帮助你更接近他们，用they的宾格them作宾语。故填them。]
6．radio [句意：你可以打开收音机，听不同种类的音乐来娱乐。根据“You can just turn on the ________ and listen to different kinds of music for fun．”可知，你可以打开收音机听不同种类的音乐，radio“收音机”符合语境。故填radio。]
9．quietly [句意：接下来，安静舒适地坐在椅子上或躺在沙发上。根据“sit on a chair or lie in a sofa ________ and comfortably”可知，安静舒适地坐在椅子上或躺在沙发上，用副词quietly修饰动词。故填quietly。]
10．close [句意：然后闭上你的眼睛，让音乐在你的脑海中描绘画面。根据“And then ________ your eyes and let music paint pictures in your mind．”可知，闭上眼睛，让音乐在你的脑海中描绘画面，close“闭上”符合语境，祈使句用动词原形。故填close。]
B
核心素养 类别 体裁 难度 建议用时
文化意识 大理的自然美景 说明文 ★★★ 12 min
(2024·甘肃兰州中考)
ear changeable work snow something also while dry they until
Have you ever been to Dali？Dali is quite a beautiful place in Yunnan．The wind，the flowers，the 1．_____ and the moon are not only landscapes and styles of Dali，but 2．____ its real sceneries and countless stories．
snow
also
There are nineteen peaks (山峰) in the Cangshan Mountain，all of 3．_____ are snow-capped．This mountain，which extends across Dali，runs from north to south，4．____ it reaches this small town with spring in the air．It is a companion to the Erhai Lake for thousands of years．
them
until
The clouds of the Cangshan Mountain are 5．__________．When the clouds appear，fishing boats aren't allowed to 6．_____ in the lake．No matter what good weather it is now，it will soon be windy and the tides (潮汐) will be so high．It seems that the strong wind would only stop when the water in the lake became 7．___．
changeable
work
dry
The Erhai Lake and the Cangshan Mountain make each other better．The shape of the lake looks like a(n) 8．___．Many people come here every year．They won't do 9．________ except sitting in the courtyard of a folk inn，enjoying the breeze (微风) from the lake and the nice sceneries．
10．_____ riding a bike between the Erhai Lake and the Cangshan Mountain，you are really in a wonderland．
【文章大意】 文章描绘了大理的自然美景，主要介绍了苍山的雪景、洱海的风月以及两者之间的迷人风光。
ear
anything
While
1．snow [句意：风、花、雪、月，不仅是大理的风景和风格，更是大理的真实景观和无数故事。根据“The wind，the flowers，the ________ and the moon”及备选词汇可知，此处介绍大理的景物，缺少名词作主语，snow“雪”符合语境。故填snow。]
2．also [句意同上。根据“...are not only landscapes and styles of Dali，but...”及备选词汇可知，此处是短语not only...but also...“不但……而且……”。故填also。]
3．them [句意：苍山有十九座山峰，都是白雪皑皑的。根据“There are nineteen peaks (山峰) in the Cangshan Mountain，all of...”及备选词汇可知，此处缺少主语，指前文提到的十九座山峰被雪覆盖。they“它们”，代词主格，用其宾格them作介词of的宾语，指代前文的nineteen peaks。故填them。]
4．until [句意：这座山横跨大理，从北向南延伸，一直延伸到这个充满春天气息的小镇。根据“which extends across Dali，runs from north to south，________ it reaches this small town with spring in the air”及备选词汇可知，此处指苍山从北到南延伸，一直到这个小镇。until“直到”符合语境。故填until。]
5．changeable [句意：苍山的云是多变的。根据“The clouds of the Cangshan Mountain are...”及备选词汇可知，此处缺少表语，指苍山的云是多变的。changeable“易变的”符合语境。故填changeable。]
6．work [句意：当云层出现时，渔船不允许在湖中作业。根据“fishing boats aren't allowed to ________ in the lake”及备选词汇可知，be not allowed to do sth．“不被允许做某事”，此处缺少动词，指渔船不被允许在湖中工作。work“工作”符合语境。故填work。]
7．dry [句意：似乎只有湖中的水干涸了，强风才会停止。根据“It seems that the strong wind would only stop when the water in the lake became ________”及备选词汇可知，此处指似乎只有湖中的水干涸了，强风才会停止。dry“干涸的”符合语境，形容词作表语。故填dry。]
8．ear [句意：湖的形状看起来像一只耳朵。根据“The shape of the lake looks like a(n) ________”及备选词汇可知，此处缺少名词作宾语，指洱海的形状看起来像一只耳朵。ear“耳朵”符合语境，被a(n)修饰，用其单数形式。故填ear。]
9．anything [句意：他们什么也不做，只是坐在民宿的院子里，享受着湖中吹来的微风和美丽的风景。根据“They won't do ________ except sitting in the courtyard of a folk inn”及备选词汇可知，此处缺少名词作do的宾语，指“他们什么也不做，只是……”。something“某些事情”，此处是否定句，用anything“任何事情”。故填anything。]
10．While [句意：骑自行车穿梭于洱海和苍山之间，真是置身仙境。根据“________ riding a bike between the Erhai Lake and the Cangshan Mountain，you are really in a wonderland．”及备选词汇可知，此处缺少连词，指当骑行于洱海和苍山之间，仿佛置身仙境。while“当……时”符合语境，首字母大写。故填While。]
C
核心素养 类别 体裁 难度 建议用时
文化意识 文房四宝 说明文 ★★★ 13 min
(2024·泰安新泰模拟)
use invent treasure one usual late know easy nation valuable
In ancient China，the study room of intellectuals (文人) was called wen fang in Chinese．Because the writing brush，ink，paper and ink stone (砚台) are used in the study room．They are called the “Four 1．________ of the Study” or wen fang si bao in Chinese．
The writing brush is a special writing and painting tool in ancient China．Brushes are 2．______ made of animal hair．Rabbit hair was the 3．____ to be used．According to record，the ancient Chinese also 4．____ human hair to make brushes．
Treasures
usually
first
used
Ink is a black material used in calligraphy(书法) and painting．It was born 5．____ than the writing brush．After the Han and Wei Dynasties，ink-making technology became more and more developed，and Huizhou became the 6．_______ ink-making center in the Ming Dynasty．The “Hui Ink” produced there is famous all over the world．
later
national
Papermaking was 7．________ in the Western Han Dynasty and improved by Cai Lun during the Eastern Han Dynasty．After the Song Dynasty，more and more types of paper appeared．The most famous one is Xuan paper．Xuan paper is thin but tough，and doesn't change color 8．_____．So，it's 9．______ as the “thousand-year-old paper”．
invented
easily
known
The ink stone is generally made of stones．In the Qing Dynasty，people carved (雕刻) some patterns on it．Since then，the ink stone has not only been practical，but also had the 10．_____ of collection and appreciation．
【文章大意】 文章主要介绍了文房四宝。
value
1．Treasures [句意：它们在汉语中被称为“文房四宝”。根据“They”代指上文的“the writing brush，ink，paper and ink stone”可知，是文房四宝，所给词中treasure符合语境，由于是专有名词，所以首字母大写，结合“Four”可知，要用复数。故填Treasures。]
2．usually [句意：毛笔通常是由动物的毛发制成的。分析句子可知，空处是副词，根据句意可知，应是通常用动物毛发制作。所以将usual变为副词usually。故填usually。]
1．Treasures [句意：它们在汉语中被称为“文房四宝”。根据“They”代指上文的“the writing brush，ink，paper and ink stone”可知，是文房四宝，所给词中treasure符合语境，由于是专有名词，所以首字母大写，结合“Four”可知，要用复数。故填Treasures。]
2．usually [句意：毛笔通常是由动物的毛发制成的。分析句子可知，空处是副词，根据句意可知，应是通常用动物毛发制作。所以将usual变为副词usually。故填usually。]
5．later [句意：它出现得比毛笔晚。根据语境和备选词可知，墨的出现晚于毛笔，结合“than”可知，应是later。故填later。]
6．national [句意：在明朝，徽州成为国家制墨中心。根据语境及常识可知，徽州成为国家的制墨中心，应将名词nation变为形容词national，修饰后面的名词。故填national。]
7．invented [句意：造纸是在西汉被发明的。根据常识可知，造纸是在西汉被发明的，所以是invent，由于和主语间是被动关系，所以是过去分词invented。故填invented。]
8．easily [句意：宣纸薄但是韧性强，并且不易变色。分析句子可知，空处应是副词修饰动词“change”，所给词中easy符合语境，所以应是副词easily。故填easily。]
9．known [句意：因此它作为“千年纸”而出名。考查短语“be known as”作为……而出名。所以将know变为known。故填known。]
10．value [句意：自那时起，砚台不仅实用，而且有收藏和欣赏价值。根据“the...of”中间是名词，空后的collection and appreciation“欣赏和收集”可知，应是将valuable变为value。故填value。]
D
核心素养 类别 体裁 难度 建议用时
文化意识 新生儿抓周的习俗 说明文 ★★★ 12 min
(2024·泰安岱岳区模拟)
one important rich believe catch that like with food tradition
Birth celebrations in ancient China include a lot of customs and 1．_________．The celebrations were formed in Zhou Dynasty and spread from the 2．____ to the poor．People would hold celebrations for a baby on the birthday，three days after birth，one month，a hundred days，and one-year-old birthday．
traditions
rich
Today，a full month and a hundred days of celebrations，besides birthdays，are still common in China．On the baby's 3．____ birthday，Draw Lots (抓周) or One-Year-Old Catch，named Zhua Zhou in Chinese，is an 4．________ activity．The Draw Lots celebration was formed no later than Northern and Southern Dynasties，it has been 5．________ to show the baby's future，personality and hobby．
first
important
believed
On the baby's one-year-old birthday，after showering and putting new clothes on the baby，the parents would put him or her in the Draw Lots place，a big room 6．____ Draw Lots objects set in a circle．Those objects should have similar sizes and should be things 7．____ the baby has never played with or never seen before to ensure it's fair．Then，the baby will be put in the middle to see which one he or she will 8．_____．
with
that
catch
Typical Draw Lots objects include books，pens，seals，money，food，rulers，fabric，instruments，painting brushes，toys，and sports goods，and some parents also add modern things 9．____ a smartphone．After this celebration，a dinner is usually held to celebrate the baby's first birthday，when some people would let the baby taste a little bit of grown-ups' 10．____， representing the taste of life．
Till then，the whole celebration process of a baby is really finished．
【文章大意】 文章主要讲述了有关新生儿“抓周”的一些习俗。
like
food
1．traditions [句意：中国古代的生日庆祝活动包括许多习俗和传统。由“a lot of customs and...”可知，备选词汇“tradition”符合语境，此处应用复数形式，指各种各样的传统。故填traditions。]
2．rich [句意：这种庆祝活动形成于周朝，并由富人向穷人传播。由“...to the poor”可知，备选词汇“rich”符合语境，此处指富人。故填rich。]
3．first [句意：在宝宝的第一个生日，“抓周”或“一岁抓”，在中国被称为“抓周”，是一个重要的活动。由“One-Year-Old Catch”可知，备选词汇“one”符合语境，此处指第一个生日，应用序数词。故填first。]
4．important [句意：在宝宝的第一个生日，“抓周”或“一岁抓”，在中国被称为“抓周”，是一个重要的活动。由“On the baby's ________ birthday，Draw Lots (抓周) or One-Year-Old Catch，named Zhua Zhou in Chinese，is an ________ activity”和备选词汇可知，“important”符合语境，形容词作定语修饰名词activity。故填important。]
5．believed [句意：“抓周”庆祝活动的形成不晚于南北朝，它被认为可以预示婴儿的未来，性格和爱好。由“it has been ________ to show the baby's future，personality and hobby”可知，备选词汇“believe”符合语境，此处为现在完成时的被动语态，应用过去分词。故填believed。]
6．with [句意：在宝宝一岁生日那天，洗完澡，给宝宝穿上新衣服后，父母会把他或她放在“抓周”的地方，一个大房间里，把“抓周”的物品摆成一圈。由“a big room ________ Draw Lots objects set in a circle”可知，备选词汇“with”符合语境，此处表伴随。故填with。]
7．that [句意：这些物品应该尺寸相似，并且应该是婴儿从未玩过或从未见过的东西，以确保公平。由“Those objects should have similar sizes and should be things
________ the baby has never played with”可知，备选词汇“that”符合语境，在此处引导定语从句。故填that。]
8．catch [句意：然后，将婴儿放在中间，看他或她会抓住哪一个。由“the baby will be put in the middle to see which one he or she will ________”和备选词汇可知，“catch”符合语境，will后跟动词原形。故填catch。]
9．like [句意：典型的“抓周”物品包括书籍、钢笔、印章、钱、食物、尺子、织物、仪器、画笔、玩具和体育用品，一些家长还添加了一些现代的东西，如智能手机。由“modern things ________ a smartphone”可知，备选词汇“like”符合语境，此处举例。故填like。]
10．food [句意：在这个庆祝活动之后，通常会举办宴席来庆祝宝宝的第一个生日，这时有些人会让宝宝品尝一点大人的食物，代表生活的味道。由“some people would let the baby taste a little bit of grown-ups' ________”可知，备选词汇“food”符合语境，食物为不可数名词。故填food。]该题型要求考生从打乱顺序的单词中选出适当的词，并把其正确的形式填入短文中的空格内。
该题型的解题技法如下：
(1)标注词性：研究备选词汇，对词义作初步的理解，同时对词性做简单的标记。
(2)初判选词：通读全文，了解大意，注意发现固定搭配关系，凭借语感主动猜测所缺的信息，根据需要去备选词汇中寻找匹配的答案。
(3)确定词性和词形：分析句子结构，根据固定搭配或语法结构确定词性和词形。
◆当填动词时，要考虑时态和语态的变化，以及非谓语动词形式的变化。
◆当填名词时，要考虑是否把它变成复数或所有格形式。
◆当填形容词或副词时，要考虑是否需要变为比较级或最高级。容易忽略的一点是，有个别空可能是词义转换类，需要根据上下文添加un-，im-等词缀转换词义。
◆当填代词时，要考虑其主格、宾格、名词性物主代词和形容词性物主代词或反身代词的用法。
◆当填数词时，要考虑基数词和序数词的变化，以及分数的表达法。
◆当填句子之间的连接词时，并列句中常用的连词有and，but，or，while等；引导从句的词有what，when，which，where，why，that，because，if，though等。
(4)复读短文，核实答案。
核心素养 类别 体裁 难度 建议用时
文化意识 春节 说明文 ★★★ 10 min
because they before clean relative tradition hang write importance begin Food is a big part of Chinese New Year celebrations，and many meals are eaten with family and friends．Some 1． dishes for the holidays are nian gao cake，long noodles，and dumplings． Homes are cleaned top to bottom before the beginning of the new year．All cleaning tools are put away before New Year's Eve 2． it's believed that good luck may be swept away if cleaning is done on New Year's Day． The Chinese New Year's Eve and New Year's Day holidays are very family-centered celebrations．Many dinners are held with family and friends，and children receive gifts and take part in traditions like 3． ahead of the celebrations and the Lantern Festival． 4． New Year's Day，homes are decorated (被装饰) with live plants and fresh flowers．Wishes for the new year are 5． on red paper．Red is an 6． colour for New Year's celebrations，as it shows a bright and happy future．People wear red clothing during the activities．And children，unmarried friends，and close 7． are given little red envelopes with money inside for good luck． Chinese New Year 8． with a battle against a beast called the Nian，who would come on the first day of the new year to eat children，livestock (牲畜)，and crops．To protect 9． from the Nian，villagers usually put food in front of their doors believing that the Nian would eat that and leave everything else alone．It was believed that the Nian was afraid of the colour red and firecrackers，so people would 10． red lanterns outside and set off firecrackers．That's why Chinese like the colour red． 【文章大意】 文章讲述了春节是中国最重要的节日之一，并介绍了春节的习俗。 1．考查形容词。根据上下文可知，此处介绍传统食物，应用形容词traditional修饰。故填traditional。 2．考查连词。根据语境可知，前后句是因果关系，前果后因，故填because。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：很多时候会和家人、朋友一起吃晚饭，孩子们会收到礼物，并参加一些传统活动，比如，在庆祝活动和元宵节之前打扫卫生。根据句意并结合选词可知，此处是指打扫卫生，应用动词clean，like是介词，后跟动名词作宾语。故填cleaning。 4．考查介词。根据语境推测，过新年前，家里用植物和鲜花来装饰，备用词before“在……之前”符合语境。又因空处位于句首，单词首字母应大写。故填Before。 5．考查被动语态。根据上下文语境，人们会把新年的祝福写在红纸上。write “写”，此处是被动语态结构，动词用过去分词形式。故填written。 6．考查形容词。根据上下文及生活常识可知，在新年中红色是很重要的颜色，应用形容词important，故填important。 7．考查名词。根据语境，孩子、未婚的朋友和近亲会得到装着钱的小红包，以求好运。可知，这里是指亲戚，应用名词relative，名词用复数表泛指，故填relatives。 8．考查谓语动词。根据上下文及备用选词可知，是指中国新年开始于与怪兽“年”的战斗，begin“开始”，动词。后句是一般过去时，所以这里动词用过去式，故填began。 9．考查代词。根据语境可知，村民为了保护他们自己不受伤害，应用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。 10．考查情态动词。根据上文人们认为年害怕红色和鞭炮，所以人们会在外面挂红灯笼，放鞭炮。hang“悬挂”，动词，would后跟动词原形。故填hang。
A
核心素养 类别 体裁 难度 建议用时
文化意识 音乐 说明文 ★★★ 11 min
(2024·广西中考)
celebrate close feeling they favorite write quietly radio because without
What music does to your mood (心情)
Music has magic．Different kinds of music bring you different 1． ．For example，rock music makes you excited while classical music makes you relaxed．And music in a film might make you feel warm 2． it might help you think of wonderful things．Music may lead you into a magic world．
Why is music important
It's hard to imagine a world 3． music．People often use it to 4． birthdays，festivals and so on．You can enjoy music on your own or in a group．Playing music in a group of people can help you get closer to 5． ．
How to get music in your life
It's easy to get music in your life．You can just turn on the 6． and listen to different kinds of music for fun．You can also try creating your own songs by yourself．If your experiences are 7． into the songs，your life will be more fun．
How to start a musical journey
When you want to relax，start a musical journey．First，find a quiet place and play your 8． music．Next，sit on a chair or lie in a sofa 9． and comfortably．And then 10． your eyes and let music paint pictures in your mind．When the music ends，open your eyes and write down what you remember．Now，it's time to take your mind on a relaxing journey．
【文章大意】 文章主要介绍了音乐的相关内容。
1．feelings [句意：不同的音乐带给你不同的感受。根据“Different kinds of music bring you different ”和备选词可知，不同的音乐带给你不同的感受，feeling“感觉”，different修饰可数名词复数。故填feelings。]
2．because [句意：电影中的音乐可能会让你感到温暖，因为它可能会帮助你想到美好的事情。“it might help you think of wonderful things”是“And music in a film might make you feel warm”的原因，用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。]
3．without [句意：很难想象一个没有音乐的世界。根据“It's hard to imagine a world music．”和备选词可知，很难想象一个没有音乐的世界，without“没有”符合语境。故填without。]
4．celebrate [句意：人们经常用它来庆祝生日、节日等等。根据“People often use it to birthdays，festivals and so on．”可知，人们经常用它来庆祝生日、节日等，celebrate“庆祝”，不定式结构中用动词原形。故填celebrate。]
5．them [句意：在人群中演奏音乐可以帮助你更接近他们。根据“Playing music in a group of people can help you get closer to...”可知，在一群人中演奏音乐可以帮助你更接近他们，用they的宾格them作宾语。故填them。]
6．radio [句意：你可以打开收音机，听不同种类的音乐来娱乐。根据“You can just turn on the and listen to different kinds of music for fun．”可知，你可以打开收音机听不同种类的音乐，radio“收音机”符合语境。故填radio。]
7．written [句意：如果你的经历被写进了歌里，你的生活会更有趣。根据“If your experiences are into the songs，your life will be more fun．”可知，如果经历被写进了歌里，你的生活会更有趣，write“写”，此处是一般现在时的被动语态，动词用过去分词形式。故填written。]
8．favorite [句意：首先，找一个安静的地方，播放你最喜欢的音乐。根据“find a quiet place and play your music”可知，播放最喜欢的音乐，favorite“最喜欢的”，作定语修饰music。故填favorite。]
9．quietly [句意：接下来，安静舒适地坐在椅子上或躺在沙发上。根据“sit on a chair or lie in a sofa and comfortably”可知，安静舒适地坐在椅子上或躺在沙发上，用副词quietly修饰动词。故填quietly。]
10．close [句意：然后闭上你的眼睛，让音乐在你的脑海中描绘画面。根据“And then your eyes and let music paint pictures in your mind．”可知，闭上眼睛，让音乐在你的脑海中描绘画面，close“闭上”符合语境，祈使句用动词原形。故填close。]
B
核心素养 类别 体裁 难度 建议用时
文化意识 大理的自然美景 说明文 ★★★ 12 min
(2024·甘肃兰州中考)
ear changeable work snow something also while dry they until
Have you ever been to Dali？Dali is quite a beautiful place in Yunnan．The wind，the flowers，the 1． and the moon are not only landscapes and styles of Dali，but 2． its real sceneries and countless stories．
There are nineteen peaks (山峰) in the Cangshan Mountain，all of 3． are snow-capped．This mountain，which extends across Dali，runs from north to south，4． it reaches this small town with spring in the air．It is a companion to the Erhai Lake for thousands of years．
The clouds of the Cangshan Mountain are 5． ．When the clouds appear，fishing boats aren't allowed to 6． in the lake．No matter what good weather it is now，it will soon be windy and the tides (潮汐) will be so high．It seems that the strong wind would only stop when the water in the lake became 7． ．
The Erhai Lake and the Cangshan Mountain make each other better．The shape of the lake looks like a(n) 8． ．Many people come here every year．They won't do 9． except sitting in the courtyard of a folk inn，enjoying the breeze (微风) from the lake and the nice sceneries．
10． riding a bike between the Erhai Lake and the Cangshan Mountain，you are really in a wonderland．
【文章大意】 文章描绘了大理的自然美景，主要介绍了苍山的雪景、洱海的风月以及两者之间的迷人风光。
1．snow [句意：风、花、雪、月，不仅是大理的风景和风格，更是大理的真实景观和无数故事。根据“The wind，the flowers，the and the moon”及备选词汇可知，此处介绍大理的景物，缺少名词作主语，snow“雪”符合语境。故填snow。]
2．also [句意同上。根据“...are not only landscapes and styles of Dali，but...”及备选词汇可知，此处是短语not only...but also...“不但……而且……”。故填also。]
3．them [句意：苍山有十九座山峰，都是白雪皑皑的。根据“There are nineteen peaks (山峰) in the Cangshan Mountain，all of...”及备选词汇可知，此处缺少主语，指前文提到的十九座山峰被雪覆盖。they“它们”，代词主格，用其宾格them作介词of的宾语，指代前文的nineteen peaks。故填them。]
4．until [句意：这座山横跨大理，从北向南延伸，一直延伸到这个充满春天气息的小镇。根据“which extends across Dali，runs from north to south， it reaches this small town with spring in the air”及备选词汇可知，此处指苍山从北到南延伸，一直到这个小镇。until“直到”符合语境。故填until。]
5．changeable [句意：苍山的云是多变的。根据“The clouds of the Cangshan Mountain are...”及备选词汇可知，此处缺少表语，指苍山的云是多变的。changeable“易变的”符合语境。故填changeable。]
6．work [句意：当云层出现时，渔船不允许在湖中作业。根据“fishing boats aren't allowed to in the lake”及备选词汇可知，be not allowed to do sth．“不被允许做某事”，此处缺少动词，指渔船不被允许在湖中工作。work“工作”符合语境。故填work。]
7．dry [句意：似乎只有湖中的水干涸了，强风才会停止。根据“It seems that the strong wind would only stop when the water in the lake became ”及备选词汇可知，此处指似乎只有湖中的水干涸了，强风才会停止。dry“干涸的”符合语境，形容词作表语。故填dry。]
8．ear [句意：湖的形状看起来像一只耳朵。根据“The shape of the lake looks like a(n) ”及备选词汇可知，此处缺少名词作宾语，指洱海的形状看起来像一只耳朵。ear“耳朵”符合语境，被a(n)修饰，用其单数形式。故填ear。]
9．anything [句意：他们什么也不做，只是坐在民宿的院子里，享受着湖中吹来的微风和美丽的风景。根据“They won't do except sitting in the courtyard of a folk inn”及备选词汇可知，此处缺少名词作do的宾语，指“他们什么也不做，只是……”。something“某些事情”，此处是否定句，用anything“任何事情”。故填anything。]
10．While [句意：骑自行车穿梭于洱海和苍山之间，真是置身仙境。根据“ riding a bike between the Erhai Lake and the Cangshan Mountain，you are really in a wonderland．”及备选词汇可知，此处缺少连词，指当骑行于洱海和苍山之间，仿佛置身仙境。while“当……时”符合语境，首字母大写。故填While。]
C
核心素养 类别 体裁 难度 建议用时
文化意识 文房四宝 说明文 ★★★ 13 min
(2024·泰安新泰模拟)
use invent treasure one usual late know easy nation valuable
In ancient China，the study room of intellectuals (文人) was called wen fang in Chinese．Because the writing brush，ink，paper and ink stone (砚台) are used in the study room．They are called the “Four 1． of the Study” or wen fang si bao in Chinese．
The writing brush is a special writing and painting tool in ancient China．Brushes are 2． made of animal hair．Rabbit hair was the 3． to be used．According to record，the ancient Chinese also 4． human hair to make brushes．
Ink is a black material used in calligraphy(书法) and painting．It was born 5． than the writing brush．After the Han and Wei Dynasties，ink-making technology became more and more developed，and Huizhou became the 6． ink-making center in the Ming Dynasty．The “Hui Ink” produced there is famous all over the world．
Papermaking was 7． in the Western Han Dynasty and improved by Cai Lun during the Eastern Han Dynasty．After the Song Dynasty，more and more types of paper appeared．The most famous one is Xuan paper．Xuan paper is thin but tough，and doesn't change color 8． ．So，it's 9． as the “thousand-year-old paper”．
The ink stone is generally made of stones．In the Qing Dynasty，people carved (雕刻) some patterns on it．Since then，the ink stone has not only been practical，but also had the 10． of collection and appreciation．
【文章大意】 文章主要介绍了文房四宝。
1．Treasures [句意：它们在汉语中被称为“文房四宝”。根据“They”代指上文的“the writing brush，ink，paper and ink stone”可知，是文房四宝，所给词中treasure符合语境，由于是专有名词，所以首字母大写，结合“Four”可知，要用复数。故填Treasures。]
2．usually [句意：毛笔通常是由动物的毛发制成的。分析句子可知，空处是副词，根据句意可知，应是通常用动物毛发制作。所以将usual变为副词usually。故填usually。]
3．first [句意：兔毛是最初被使用的。根据常识及所给词可知，应是指兔毛第一个被使用。所以将one变为序数词first。故填first。]
4．used [句意：据记载，古代中国人也用人的头发制成毛笔。use sth．to do sth．“用某物来做某事”，结合“the ancient Chinese”可知，用一般过去时。故填used。]
5．later [句意：它出现得比毛笔晚。根据语境和备选词可知，墨的出现晚于毛笔，结合“than”可知，应是later。故填later。]
6．national [句意：在明朝，徽州成为国家制墨中心。根据语境及常识可知，徽州成为国家的制墨中心，应将名词nation变为形容词national，修饰后面的名词。故填national。]
7．invented [句意：造纸是在西汉被发明的。根据常识可知，造纸是在西汉被发明的，所以是invent，由于和主语间是被动关系，所以是过去分词invented。故填invented。]
8．easily [句意：宣纸薄但是韧性强，并且不易变色。分析句子可知，空处应是副词修饰动词“change”，所给词中easy符合语境，所以应是副词easily。故填easily。]
9．known [句意：因此它作为“千年纸”而出名。考查短语“be known as”作为……而出名。所以将know变为known。故填known。]
10．value [句意：自那时起，砚台不仅实用，而且有收藏和欣赏价值。根据“the...of”中间是名词，空后的collection and appreciation“欣赏和收集”可知，应是将valuable变为value。故填value。]
D
核心素养 类别 体裁 难度 建议用时
文化意识 新生儿抓周的习俗 说明文 ★★★ 12 min
(2024·泰安岱岳区模拟)
one important rich believe catch that like with food tradition
Birth celebrations in ancient China include a lot of customs and 1． ．The celebrations were formed in Zhou Dynasty and spread from the 2． to the poor．People would hold celebrations for a baby on the birthday，three days after birth，one month，a hundred days，and one-year-old birthday．
Today，a full month and a hundred days of celebrations，besides birthdays，are still common in China．On the baby's 3． birthday，Draw Lots (抓周) or One-Year-Old Catch，named Zhua Zhou in Chinese，is an 4． activity．The Draw Lots celebration was formed no later than Northern and Southern Dynasties，it has been 5． to show the baby's future，personality and hobby．
On the baby's one-year-old birthday，after showering and putting new clothes on the baby，the parents would put him or her in the Draw Lots place，a big room 6． Draw Lots objects set in a circle．Those objects should have similar sizes and should be things 7． the baby has never played with or never seen before to ensure it's fair．Then，the baby will be put in the middle to see which one he or she will 8． ．
Typical Draw Lots objects include books，pens，seals，money，food，rulers，fabric，instruments，painting brushes，toys，and sports goods，and some parents also add modern things 9． a smartphone．After this celebration，a dinner is usually held to celebrate the baby's first birthday，when some people would let the baby taste a little bit of grown-ups' 10． ， representing the taste of life．
Till then，the whole celebration process of a baby is really finished．
【文章大意】 文章主要讲述了有关新生儿“抓周”的一些习俗。
1．traditions [句意：中国古代的生日庆祝活动包括许多习俗和传统。由“a lot of customs and...”可知，备选词汇“tradition”符合语境，此处应用复数形式，指各种各样的传统。故填traditions。]
2．rich [句意：这种庆祝活动形成于周朝，并由富人向穷人传播。由“...to the poor”可知，备选词汇“rich”符合语境，此处指富人。故填rich。]
3．first [句意：在宝宝的第一个生日，“抓周”或“一岁抓”，在中国被称为“抓周”，是一个重要的活动。由“One-Year-Old Catch”可知，备选词汇“one”符合语境，此处指第一个生日，应用序数词。故填first。]
4．important [句意：在宝宝的第一个生日，“抓周”或“一岁抓”，在中国被称为“抓周”，是一个重要的活动。由“On the baby's birthday，Draw Lots (抓周) or One-Year-Old Catch，named Zhua Zhou in Chinese，is an
activity”和备选词汇可知，“important”符合语境，形容词作定语修饰名词activity。故填important。]
5．believed [句意：“抓周”庆祝活动的形成不晚于南北朝，它被认为可以预示婴儿的未来，性格和爱好。由“it has been to show the baby's future，personality and hobby”可知，备选词汇“believe”符合语境，此处为现在完成时的被动语态，应用过去分词。故填believed。]
6．with [句意：在宝宝一岁生日那天，洗完澡，给宝宝穿上新衣服后，父母会把他或她放在“抓周”的地方，一个大房间里，把“抓周”的物品摆成一圈。由“a big room Draw Lots objects set in a circle”可知，备选词汇“with”符合语境，此处表伴随。故填with。]
7．that [句意：这些物品应该尺寸相似，并且应该是婴儿从未玩过或从未见过的东西，以确保公平。由“Those objects should have similar sizes and should be things
the baby has never played with”可知，备选词汇“that”符合语境，在此处引导定语从句。故填that。]
8．catch [句意：然后，将婴儿放在中间，看他或她会抓住哪一个。由“the baby will be put in the middle to see which one he or she will ”和备选词汇可知，“catch”符合语境，will后跟动词原形。故填catch。]
9．like [句意：典型的“抓周”物品包括书籍、钢笔、印章、钱、食物、尺子、织物、仪器、画笔、玩具和体育用品，一些家长还添加了一些现代的东西，如智能手机。由“modern things a smartphone”可知，备选词汇“like”符合语境，此处举例。故填like。]
10．food [句意：在这个庆祝活动之后，通常会举办宴席来庆祝宝宝的第一个生日，这时有些人会让宝宝品尝一点大人的食物，代表生活的味道。由“some people would let the baby taste a little bit of grown-ups' ”可知，备选词汇“food”符合语境，食物为不可数名词。故填food。]
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