易错点09 被动语态
被动语态是英语中的一种语法结构，它用来强调动作的承受者，而非执行者。
构成形式
被动语态的基本构成是 “助动词 be + 及物动词的过去分词”，助动词 be 会根据时态、人称和数的不同而产生变化。
不同时态的被动语态：
1.一般现在时：am/is/are + 过去分词
例：English is spoken in many countries.（许多国家都讲英语。）
2.一般过去时：was/were + 过去分词
例：The house was built in 1990.（这所房子是 1990 年建造的。）
3.一般将来时：will be + 过去分词
例：The work will be finished tomorrow.（这项工作明天将会完成。）
4.现在进行时：am/is/are being + 过去分词
例：The problem is being discussed now.（这个问题现在正在被讨论。）
5.过去进行时：was/were being + 过去分词
例：The road was being repaired at that time.（那时这条路正在被修理。）
6.现在完成时：have/has been + 过去分词
例：The book has been read by many people.（这本书已经被很多人读过了。）
7.含情态动词的被动语态：情态动词 + be + 过去分词
例：The room must be cleaned every day.（这个房间必须每天打扫。）
主动语态变被动语态的方法
1.确定原句的宾语：把它变为被动句的主语。
2.将主动句的谓语动词改为 “be + 过去分词” 形式：be 动词的形式要依据被动句的主语以及时态来确定。
3.确定原句的主语：如果需要指出动作的执行者，就用 “by + 执行者”，不过 “by + 执行者” 在很多时候可以省略。
例如：
主动语态：Tom painted the wall.（汤姆刷了墙。）
被动语态：The wall was painted by Tom.（墙被汤姆刷了。）
被动语态的使用场景
1.不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者
例：My bike was stolen last night.（我的自行车昨晚被偷了。）
2.强调动作的承受者
例：The famous novel was written by Lu Xun.（这部著名的小说是鲁迅写的。）
3.出于礼貌、委婉等不想说出动作的执行者
例：Mistakes should be corrected.（错误应该被改正。）
被动语态的基本结构
易错点：容易忘记be动词的正确形式或与其他时态结构混淆。例如，一般现在时的被动语态结构是“am/is/are + 过去分词”，一般过去时的被动语态结构是“was/were +过去分词”，而在一般将来时的被动语态中，容易误写成“will +动词原形 + 过去分词”，正确的结构是“will be +过去分词”。
示例：The book will be published next month.（这本书下个月将被出版。）这里不能写成“The book will published next month.”
1.（2024重庆A卷）His car five years ago, but it looks quite new.
A.buys
B.bought
C.is bought
D.was bought
2.（2024·甘肃临夏·中考真题）Many trees__________ every year to protect the environment.
A. plant
B. are planted
C. were planted
D. have planted
3.（2024·江苏连云港·中考真题）Robot dogs__________as volunteers for the first time during the 2023 Asian Games.
A. use
B. used
C. are used
D. were used
1.解析：考查一般过去时的被动语态。句子有明显的一般过去时标记词“five years ago”，且主语“His car”是动作的承受者，应用被动语态。一般过去时的被动语态结构是“was/were + 过去分词”，主语是第三人称单数，故用“was bought”，选D。
2.解析：考查一般现在时的被动语态。主语“trees”是动作的承受者，应用被动语态。一般现在时的被动语态结构是“am/is/are + 过去分词”，选B。
3.解析：考查一般过去时的被动语态。机器人狗在2023年亚运会上被使用，应用一般过去时的被动语态，选D。
主动语态变被动语态时的宾语转换
易错点：当主动语态的宾语是代词时，要注意将其变为相应的宾格形式。同时，当有双宾语时，要确定好哪个宾语作为被动语态的主语。
示例：He gave me a book. 被动语态可以是 I was given a book by him. 或 A book was given to me by him. 不能写成“I was gave a book by him.”或“A book was given me by him.”（当直接宾语作主语时，间接宾语前要加to或for等介词）。
4.（2024四川自贡）---Tom is always careless with his schoolwork. Could you help him
---No problem! I think he to think twice before starting.
A.should be told
B.shouldn't be told
C.should tell
5.（2024·四川自贡·中考真题）—Tom is always careless with his schoolwork. Could you help him
—No problem! I think he__________ to think twice before starting.
A. should be told
B. shouldn't be told
C. should tell
6.（2024·天津·中考真题）Lao She wrote many plays and he__________“the People’s Artist”.
A. names
B. named
C. was named
D. has named
4.解析：考查含有情态动词的被动语态。主语“he”是动作“tell”的承受者，应用被动语态。情态动词“should”后的被动语态结构是“should be + 过去分词”，故选A。
5.解析：考查含有情态动词的被动语态。主语“he”是动作“tell”的承受者，应用被动语态。情态动词“should”后的被动语态结构是“should be + 过去分词”，选A。
6.解析：考查一般过去时的被动语态。老舍被命名为“人民艺术家”，应用一般过去时的被动语态，选C。
含有情态动词的被动语态
易错点：容易遗漏be动词，或混淆情态动词后的动词形式。结构应该是“情态动词 + be + 过去分词”。
示例：The work must be finished on time.（这项工作必须按时完成。）不能写成“The work must finished on time.”
7.（2024重庆B卷）These machines in their factory by themselves last year.
A.make
B.made
C.are made
D.were made
8.（2023·上海黄浦·统考一模）During the 1970s, the Internet__________ to share information between different research teams.
A. is developed
B. was developed
C. will be developed
D. has been developed
9.（2023·上海闵行·统考一模）Paper decorations__________ from the ceiling in every classroom last week.
A. were hanged
B. were hung
C. had been hanged
D. had been hung
7.解析：考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据题意，机器是被制造的，且时间是“last year”，应用一般过去时的被动语态“were made”，选D。
8.解析：考查一般过去时的被动语态。互联网在20世纪70年代被开发，应用一般过去时的被动语态，选B。
9.解析：考查一般过去时的被动语态。纸装饰上周被挂在天花板上，应用一般过去时的被动语态，选B。
一些特殊动词的被动语态
易错点：像make, let, see, hear等使役动词和感官动词，在主动语态中省略to，但在被动语态中要还原to。
示例：We saw him enter the room. 被动语态是He was seen to enter the room by us. 不能写成“He was seen enter the room by us.”
10.（2024江苏连云港）It's reported that the medals for the 2024 Olympic Games in Tokyo from 100% recycled material.
A.are making
B.have made
C.is made
D.will be made
11.（2023·上海静安·统考一模）Mary has drawn five comic strips this year and two of them__________ months ago.
A. will publish
B. have published
C. were published
D. have been published
12.（2022·上海浦东新·统考模拟预测）All parents will__________ to come and see The Wrong Trousers, our English-language play.
A. are invited
B. invited
C. be invited
D. invite
10.解析：考查一般将来时的被动语态。奖牌是被制作的，且时间是2024年，应用一般将来时的被动语态“will be made”，选D。
11.解析：考查一般过去时的被动语态。连环画几个月前被出版，应用一般过去时的被动语态，选C。
12.解析：考查一般将来时的被动语态。家长将被邀请，应用一般将来时的被动语态，选C。
被动语态与系表结构的区别
易错点：二者形式相似，容易混淆。被动语态强调动作的承受者，而系表结构表示主语的状态或特征。
示例：The window is broken. 既可以是被动语态“窗户被打破了”，强调动作；也可以是系表结构“窗户是破的”，强调状态。要根据上下文来准确判断。如：The window is broken by Tom. （被动语态）；The window is broken and we need to repair it. （系表结构）。
13.（2024安徽）The villagers expect that the building of the bridge before the rainy season comes.
A.is completed
B.was completed
C.will be completed
D.has been completed
14.（2023·上海·模拟预测）We must keep our classroom clean and tidy every day. (改为被动语态)
Our classroom must _______________ clean and tidy every day.
15.（2022·上海·统考一模）We must keep the noise under 50 dbs (分贝).（改成被动句）
The noise must _______________ under 50 dbs.
13.解析：考查一般将来时的被动语态。句意表示桥将在雨季前被修建完成，强调动作的被动，应用一般将来时的被动语态“will be completed”，选C。
14.解析：考查含有情态动词的被动语态。情态动词“must”后的被动语态结构是“must be + 过去分词”，填be kept。
15.解析：考查含有情态动词的被动语态。情态动词“must”后的被动语态结构是“must be + 过去分词”，填be kept。
A组 中考真题
1．（2024·四川广元·中考真题）—Good morning! May I have a plate of dumplings, please
—Sorry. Dumplings ________ only at dinner.
A．serve B．are served C．are serving D．will serve
2．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）I feel proud that Chinese ________ by the most people in the world.
A．is saying B．is spoken C．speaks
3．（2024·海南·中考真题）To protect the environment, more and more trees ________ in our country every year
A．have planted B．plant C．are planted
4．（2024·江苏南通·中考真题）—It’s a pity! A music fan like you didn’t go to Nantong Music Festival.
—I knew it ________ several weeks ago. But I was on business.
A．is held B．will be held C．was held D．held
5．（2024·江苏镇江·中考真题）A lot of trees ________ last spring, so we can see more green this year.
A．plant B．are planted C．planted D．were planted
6．（2024·北京·中考真题）Chinese ________ by more and more people around the world these days.
A．speaks B．spoke C．is spoken D．was spoken
7．（2024·四川凉山·中考真题）—Do you know the Spring Festival became a UN Floating Holiday in 2024
—Yes. The Spring Festival ______ widely in the world nowadays.
A．is celebrated B．was celebrated C．will be celebrated
8．（2024·四川自贡·中考真题）—The 33rd Summer Olympic Games is coming.
—Yes. It ________ in Paris from July 26th to August 11th this year.
A．was held B．is held C．will be held
9．（2024·四川泸州·中考真题）—Tom, the high-speed railway (高铁) connecting Luzhou with Chongqing ______ this year hopefully.
— Amazing! I’m looking forward to it!
A．completes B．is completed
C．was completed D．will be completed
10．（2024·四川达州·中考真题）—Bob, your room is so dirty. It must ________ every day.
—OK. Mom, I’ll do it right now.
A．clean B．be cleaned C．is cleaned
1.【答案】B
【详解】句意：——早上好！我能要一盘饺子吗？——抱歉。饺子只在晚餐时供应。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。Dumplings和serve之间为动宾关系，故此处使用被动语态。本句描述一般的状态，用一般现在时的被动语态即可。故选B。
2.【答案】B
【详解】句意：我为中文是世界上最多人说的语言而感到自豪。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据主语“Chinese”和谓语动词的关系可知，中文作为语言是被说的，应用被动语态；句子陈述一般事实，应用一般现在时被动语态“is spoken”。故选B。
3.【答案】C
【详解】句意：为了保护环境，在我们国家每年有越来越多的树被种植。
考查被动语态。trees和plant之间是被动关系，即“树被种植”，所以要用被动语态be done的形式。选项C是一般现在时的被动语态。根据“every year”可知要用一般现在时，所以应选are planted。故选C。
4.【答案】C
【详解】句意：——太可惜了！像你这样的乐迷没有去南通音乐节。——我知道这是几周前举行的。但我是出差。
考查时态和语态。主语it指代“南通音乐节”，和谓语hold“举办”之间是被动关系，根据“several weeks ago”可知此处用一般过去时的被动语态was/were done。故选C。
5.【答案】D
【详解】句意：去年春天种了很多树，所以今年我们可以看到更多的绿色。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“last spring”可知，动作发生在过去，且“trees”与“plant”之间是动宾关系，需用被动语态。故选D。
6.【答案】C
【详解】句意：如今，世界上越来越多的人说汉语。
考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，主语“Chinese”和动词speak之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，排除选项A和B选项；根据时间状语“these days”及句意可知，此处描述客观事实，时态应用一般现在时。故选C。
7.【答案】A
【详解】句意：——你知道春节在2024年成为联合国的浮动假日吗？——是的。如今，全世界都在广泛庆祝春节。
考查一般现在时被动语态。根据“nowadays”可知，此处用一般现在时，主语与动词celebrate之间是被动关系，所以用一般现在时被动语态，故选A。
8.【答案】C
【详解】句意：——第33届夏季奥运会即将到来。——是的。它将于今年7月26日至8月11日在巴黎举行。
考查一般将来时的被动语态。主语与“hold”是被动关系，结合“from July 26th to August 11th this year”可知，此处用一般将来时的被动语态。故选C。
9.【答案】D
【详解】句意：——汤姆，连接泸州和重庆的高速铁路有望在今年建成。——太棒了！我很期待！
考查动词时态及被动语态。主语the high-speed railway与动词complete之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，高铁被建成，应为被动语态。根据“this year hopefully”及“I’m looking forward to it!”可知，高铁建成发生在将来，故此处是一般将来时的被动语态。故选D。
10.【答案】B
【详解】句意：——鲍勃，你的房间太脏了。必须每天清扫一下。——好的。妈妈，我现在就去。
考查含情态动词的被动语态。本句主语是动作的承受者，所以用被动语态be done，must后用动词原形，故选B。
B组 最新模拟题
1．（24-25九年级下·云南昆明·阶段练习）More new roads to the village ________ next year so that more visitors can come by car.
A．build B．are built C．will build D．will be built
2．（2025·安徽阜阳·一模）You can order food on Meituan and it ________ to you soon.
A．sends B．was sent C．will send D．will be sent
3．（2024·上海·模拟预测）The names of the model students ________ on the school noticeboard yesterday.
A．has shown B．were shown C．will be shown D．are shown
4．（2024·广东珠海·模拟预测）The highly-anticipated Chinese teen drama film Better Days ________ by Zeng Guoxiang.
A．was directed B．directed
C．had been directed D．has directed
5．（2024·广东珠海·模拟预测）My 5G Huawei Mobile phone doesn’t work well now , and I think it needs________.
A．to repair B．repairing C．being repaired D．to be repairing
6．（2025·江西·一模）At the age of 15, he ________ the chance to learn dance, and he did very well.
A．gives B．was given C．gave D．is given
7．（24-25九年级下·甘肃武威·开学考试）Many artifacts (文物) ________ in Sanxingdui Site in Guanghan, Sichuan province, on March 20, 2021.
A．were discovered B．will be discovered
C．are discovered D．discover
8．（2025·吉林松原·一模）You ________ lunch at school. So you don’t have to bring your own food.
A．give B．will give C．are given
9．（24-25九年级下·安徽合肥·阶段练习）The 2028 Olympic Games ________ in Los Angeles. Don’t miss it.
A．holds B．will hold C．is held D．will be held
10．（24-25九年级下·吉林长春·开学考试）Changchun Marathon________last month and many people took an active part in it.
A．was held B．will held C．holds D．is held
11．（2025·安徽阜阳·一模）—The park is so beautiful!
—Yes, many trees and grass ________ in the park.
A．plant B．plants C．are planted D．were planted
12．（2024·安徽·模拟预测）—More and more young people like to wear hanfu.
—Yes. It’s said that most of the Chinese traditional clothes ________ in Heze, Shandong.
A．are producing B．will produce C．are produced D．were produced
13．（2025·江西南昌·模拟预测）—Although new things are liked by many young people, the traditional things should also _____.
—You are right. I will keep my tiger-head shoes made by my grandma well.
A．value B．valued C．have valued D．be valued
14．（24-25九年级下·吉林松原·开学考试）—Tell me one thing you’re proud of in your junior high school, Tom.
—I ________ as captain of the school football team.
A．choose B．chose C．was chosen
15．（24-25九年级下·甘肃武威·开学考试）—It’s time to go for the meeting.
—It ________ minutes ago.
A．is canceled B．was canceled C．may cancel D．canceled
16．（2024·安徽宿州·二模）—Lingling, do you know who created this painting
—Yes. It ________ by Xu Beihong in 1940.
A．painted B．is painted C．was painted D．has been painted
17．（24-25九年级下·黑龙江哈尔滨·开学考试）—What a pity! None of us in our class ________ to perform in the play.
— Come on. There will be more chances in the future.
A．was invited B．has invited C．invited
18．（24-25九年级下·黑龙江哈尔滨·开学考试）—You don’t know what great difficulty I had ________ to get the two tickets.
—But the film is really worth ________ twice.
A．managing, seeing B．to manage, seeing C．managing, to see
19．（2025·安徽·模拟预测）The 2024 Anhui International Cultural and Tourism Festival ________ successfully in Hefei. It attracted a large number of tourists.
A．held B．was held C．has held D．had held
20．（2024·北京西城·模拟预测）The plane ________ for safety every day. It’s safe for us to take it.
A．tests B．tested C．is tested D．was tested
1.【答案】D
【详解】句意：明年将修建更多通往这个村庄的新路，以便更多游客能够开车前来。
考查一般将来时的被动语态。句子主语“More new roads”与动词build“建造”是被动关系，且根据“next year”可知，句子时态为一般将来时，所以这里应用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为will be done，动词build的过去分词为built。故选D。
2.【答案】D
【详解】句意：你可以在美团上订餐，它很快就会送到你那里。
考查时态和语态。主语it指代“food”，食物是被送来的，结合soon可知，动作发生在将来，因此需要使用一般将来时的被动语态“will be done”。故选D。
3.【答案】B
【详解】句意：昨天学校公告板上显示了模范学生的名字。
考查被动语态。根据主语names和谓语动词show可知是动宾关系，故用被动语态，根据“yesterday”可知，时态是一般过去时，一般过去时的被动语态was/were done。故选B。
4.【答案】A
【详解】句意：备受期待的中国青春片《少年的你》由曾国祥执导。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“The highly-anticipated Chinese teen drama film Better Days ... by Zeng Guoxiang.”可知，本句时态为一般过去时，且主语“drama film Better Days”与动词“direct”之间为被动关系，故需用一般过去时的被动语态：was/were done。故选A。
5.【答案】B
【详解】句意：我的5G华为手机现在运行得不好，我认为它需要修理了。
考查非谓语动词。根据“it”可知，手机和修理之间是被动关系，用need doing sth.结构。故选B。
6.【答案】B
【详解】句意：在15岁的时候，他被给予一个学习舞蹈的机会，而且他学得很好。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“he ... the chance to learn dance”可知，是他被给予了一次机会，主语he与谓语动词give之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，所以要用被动语态（be＋ done）。根据时间状语“At the age of 15”可知，时态为一般过去时，be动词用was。故选B。
7.【答案】A
【详解】句意：2021年3月20日，在四川省广汉市的三星堆遗址发现了许多文物。
考查被动语态。根据“Many artifacts…in Sanxingdui Site”可知，文物是被发现的，所以这里应该用被动语态，其结构是“be+过去分词”，discover的过去分词是discovered；根据“on March 20, 2021”可知，本句时态是一般过去时。主语Many artifacts是复数，所以用were discovered，故选A。
8.【答案】C
【详解】句意：你在学校有午餐提供。所以你不必自带食物。
考查被动语态。根据题干可知，主语“you”是被提供午餐的对象，因此需要使用被动语态“are given”。故选C。
9.【答案】D
【详解】句意：2028年奥运会将在洛杉矶举行。不要错过它。
考查被动语态。根据“The 2028 Olympic Games…in Los Angeles.”可知此句是一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为“will be + 过去分词”。hold的过去分词是held，所以应该用will be held。故选D。
10.【答案】A
【详解】句意：长春马拉松上个月举行了，很多人都积极参加了。
考查时态和语态。根据“last month”可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，所以时态应该用一般过去时。且主语“Changchun Marathon”和动词“hold”之间是被动关系，需用一般过去时的被动语态“was/were+过去分词”。故选A。
11.【答案】C
【详解】句意：——这个公园太美了！——是的，公园里种了很多树和草。
考查时态及语态。根据“many trees and grass”可知，主语是复数，且与谓语plant之间是动宾关系；句子描述的是事实，因此用一般现在时的被动语态are planted。故选C。
12.【答案】C
【详解】句意：——越来越多的年轻人喜欢穿汉服。——是的。据说大多数中国传统服装在山东菏泽生产。
考查动词时态和语态。are producing正在生产；will produce将要生产；are produced被生产；were produced过去被生产。根据“It’s said that most of the Chinese traditional clothes ... in Heze, Shandong”可知，这里描述的是当前的情况，且主语是“most of the Chinese traditional clothes”与动词“produce”之间是被动关系，需要用一般现在时的被动语态，故选C。
13.【答案】D
【详解】句意：——尽管许多年轻人喜欢新事物，但传统事物也应该被重视。——你说得对。我会好好保存奶奶给我做的虎头鞋。
考查动词。根据“the traditional things should also”可知，传统事物应该被重视，因此句子需要使用被动语态。结构为should be done，故选D。
14.【答案】C
【详解】句意：——汤姆，告诉我你在初中时引以为豪的一件事。——我被选为学校足球队的队长。
考查被动语态。choose选择，动词原形；chose选择，过去式；was chosen被选择。根据“I…as captain of the school football team”可知，此处主语I和动词choose之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态，根据问句可知，描述过去的事，用一般过去时。故选C。
15.【答案】B
【详解】句意：——该去开会了。 ——几分钟前就取消了。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。结合时间状语“…minutes ago”可知，该句描述的过去发生的事，主语it为第三人称单数形式，且与谓语动词为被动关系，表示会议几分钟前“被取消了”，应用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was done”。故选B。
16.【答案】C
【详解】句意：——玲玲，你知道这幅画是谁创作的吗？——知道。它是徐悲鸿在1940年创作的。
考查被动语态。根据句意，这幅画是徐悲鸿创作的，动作发生在过去，且主语“It”是动作的承受者，因此应使用过去时的被动语态“was painted”。故选C。
17.【答案】A
【详解】句意：——真遗憾！我们班没有一个人被邀请在剧中表演。——别这样。将来会有更多的机会。
考查时态和语态。invite邀请。主语none of us in our class与谓语invite之间是被动关系，因此谓语用被动语态，故选A。
18.【答案】A
【详解】句意：——你不知道我费了多大的劲才弄到两张票。——但这电影真的值得看两遍。
考查非谓语动词。have difficulty (in) doing sth“做某事有困难”，第一空用动名词作宾语。be worth doing sth“值得去做某事”，主动表被动，故填A。
19.【答案】B
【详解】句意：2024年安徽国际文化旅游节在合肥成功举办。它吸引了大量游客。
考查被动语态。主语“The 2024 Anhui International Cultural and Tourism Festival”和动词“hold”之间是被动关系，因此应用被动语态“be done”，时态为一般过去时，be动词应用 “was”。故选B。
20.【答案】C
【详解】句意：这架飞机每天都进行安全检测。我们乘坐它是安全的。
考查被动语态。分析句子可知，主语“The plane”与动词test存在被动关系，即“飞机是被测试”；再根据“It’s safe for us to take it.”可知，时态为一般现在时，故应用一般现在时的被动语态，结构为be done；主语“The plane”为单数，be动词用is。故选C。
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)易错点09 被动语态
被动语态是英语中的一种语法结构，它用来强调动作的承受者，而非执行者。
构成形式
被动语态的基本构成是 “助动词 be + 及物动词的过去分词”，助动词 be 会根据时态、人称和数的不同而产生变化。
不同时态的被动语态：
1.一般现在时：am/is/are + 过去分词
例：English is spoken in many countries.（许多国家都讲英语。）
2.一般过去时：was/were + 过去分词
例：The house was built in 1990.（这所房子是 1990 年建造的。）
3.一般将来时：will be + 过去分词
例：The work will be finished tomorrow.（这项工作明天将会完成。）
4.现在进行时：am/is/are being + 过去分词
例：The problem is being discussed now.（这个问题现在正在被讨论。）
5.过去进行时：was/were being + 过去分词
例：The road was being repaired at that time.（那时这条路正在被修理。）
6.现在完成时：have/has been + 过去分词
例：The book has been read by many people.（这本书已经被很多人读过了。）
7.含情态动词的被动语态：情态动词 + be + 过去分词
例：The room must be cleaned every day.（这个房间必须每天打扫。）
主动语态变被动语态的方法
1.确定原句的宾语：把它变为被动句的主语。
2.将主动句的谓语动词改为 “be + 过去分词” 形式：be 动词的形式要依据被动句的主语以及时态来确定。
3.确定原句的主语：如果需要指出动作的执行者，就用 “by + 执行者”，不过 “by + 执行者” 在很多时候可以省略。
例如：
主动语态：Tom painted the wall.（汤姆刷了墙。）
被动语态：The wall was painted by Tom.（墙被汤姆刷了。）
被动语态的使用场景
1.不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者
例：My bike was stolen last night.（我的自行车昨晚被偷了。）
2.强调动作的承受者
例：The famous novel was written by Lu Xun.（这部著名的小说是鲁迅写的。）
3.出于礼貌、委婉等不想说出动作的执行者
例：Mistakes should be corrected.（错误应该被改正。）
被动语态的基本结构
易错点：容易忘记be动词的正确形式或与其他时态结构混淆。例如，一般现在时的被动语态结构是“am/is/are + 过去分词”，一般过去时的被动语态结构是“was/were +过去分词”，而在一般将来时的被动语态中，容易误写成“will +动词原形 + 过去分词”，正确的结构是“will be +过去分词”。
示例：The book will be published next month.（这本书下个月将被出版。）这里不能写成“The book will published next month.”
1.（2024重庆A卷）His car five years ago, but it looks quite new.
A.buys
B.bought
C.is bought
D.was bought
2.（2024·甘肃临夏·中考真题）Many trees__________ every year to protect the environment.
A. plant
B. are planted
C. were planted
D. have planted
3.（2024·江苏连云港·中考真题）Robot dogs__________as volunteers for the first time during the 2023 Asian Games.
A. use
B. used
C. are used
D. were used
主动语态变被动语态时的宾语转换
易错点：当主动语态的宾语是代词时，要注意将其变为相应的宾格形式。同时，当有双宾语时，要确定好哪个宾语作为被动语态的主语。
示例：He gave me a book. 被动语态可以是 I was given a book by him. 或 A book was given to me by him. 不能写成“I was gave a book by him.”或“A book was given me by him.”（当直接宾语作主语时，间接宾语前要加to或for等介词）。
4.（2024四川自贡）---Tom is always careless with his schoolwork. Could you help him
---No problem! I think he to think twice before starting.
A.should be told
B.shouldn't be told
C.should tell
5.（2024·四川自贡·中考真题）—Tom is always careless with his schoolwork. Could you help him
—No problem! I think he__________ to think twice before starting.
A. should be told
B. shouldn't be told
C. should tell
6.（2024·天津·中考真题）Lao She wrote many plays and he__________“the People’s Artist”.
A. names
B. named
C. was named
D. has named
含有情态动词的被动语态
易错点：容易遗漏be动词，或混淆情态动词后的动词形式。结构应该是“情态动词 + be + 过去分词”。
示例：The work must be finished on time.（这项工作必须按时完成。）不能写成“The work must finished on time.”
7.（2024重庆B卷）These machines in their factory by themselves last year.
A.make
B.made
C.are made
D.were made
8.（2023·上海黄浦·统考一模）During the 1970s, the Internet__________ to share information between different research teams.
A. is developed
B. was developed
C. will be developed
D. has been developed
9.（2023·上海闵行·统考一模）Paper decorations__________ from the ceiling in every classroom last week.
A. were hanged
B. were hung
C. had been hanged
D. had been hung
一些特殊动词的被动语态
易错点：像make, let, see, hear等使役动词和感官动词，在主动语态中省略to，但在被动语态中要还原to。
示例：We saw him enter the room. 被动语态是He was seen to enter the room by us. 不能写成“He was seen enter the room by us.”
10.（2024江苏连云港）It's reported that the medals for the 2024 Olympic Games in Tokyo from 100% recycled material.
A.are making
B.have made
C.is made
D.will be made
11.（2023·上海静安·统考一模）Mary has drawn five comic strips this year and two of them__________ months ago.
A. will publish
B. have published
C. were published
D. have been published
12.（2022·上海浦东新·统考模拟预测）All parents will__________ to come and see The Wrong Trousers, our English-language play.
A. are invited
B. invited
C. be invited
D. invite
被动语态与系表结构的区别
易错点：二者形式相似，容易混淆。被动语态强调动作的承受者，而系表结构表示主语的状态或特征。
示例：The window is broken. 既可以是被动语态“窗户被打破了”，强调动作；也可以是系表结构“窗户是破的”，强调状态。要根据上下文来准确判断。如：The window is broken by Tom. （被动语态）；The window is broken and we need to repair it. （系表结构）。
13.（2024安徽）The villagers expect that the building of the bridge before the rainy season comes.
A.is completed
B.was completed
C.will be completed
D.has been completed
14.（2023·上海·模拟预测）We must keep our classroom clean and tidy every day. (改为被动语态)
Our classroom must _______________ clean and tidy every day.
15.（2022·上海·统考一模）We must keep the noise under 50 dbs (分贝).（改成被动句）
The noise must _______________ under 50 dbs.
A组 中考真题
1．（2024·四川广元·中考真题）—Good morning! May I have a plate of dumplings, please
—Sorry. Dumplings ________ only at dinner.
A．serve B．are served C．are serving D．will serve
2．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）I feel proud that Chinese ________ by the most people in the world.
A．is saying B．is spoken C．speaks
3．（2024·海南·中考真题）To protect the environment, more and more trees ________ in our country every year
A．have planted B．plant C．are planted
4．（2024·江苏南通·中考真题）—It’s a pity! A music fan like you didn’t go to Nantong Music Festival.
—I knew it ________ several weeks ago. But I was on business.
A．is held B．will be held C．was held D．held
5．（2024·江苏镇江·中考真题）A lot of trees ________ last spring, so we can see more green this year.
A．plant B．are planted C．planted D．were planted
6．（2024·北京·中考真题）Chinese ________ by more and more people around the world these days.
A．speaks B．spoke C．is spoken D．was spoken
7．（2024·四川凉山·中考真题）—Do you know the Spring Festival became a UN Floating Holiday in 2024
—Yes. The Spring Festival ______ widely in the world nowadays.
A．is celebrated B．was celebrated C．will be celebrated
8．（2024·四川自贡·中考真题）—The 33rd Summer Olympic Games is coming.
—Yes. It ________ in Paris from July 26th to August 11th this year.
A．was held B．is held C．will be held
9．（2024·四川泸州·中考真题）—Tom, the high-speed railway (高铁) connecting Luzhou with Chongqing ______ this year hopefully.
— Amazing! I’m looking forward to it!
A．completes B．is completed
C．was completed D．will be completed
10．（2024·四川达州·中考真题）—Bob, your room is so dirty. It must ________ every day.
—OK. Mom, I’ll do it right now.
A．clean B．be cleaned C．is cleaned
B组 最新模拟题
1．（24-25九年级下·云南昆明·阶段练习）More new roads to the village ________ next year so that more visitors can come by car.
A．build B．are built C．will build D．will be built
2．（2025·安徽阜阳·一模）You can order food on Meituan and it ________ to you soon.
A．sends B．was sent C．will send D．will be sent
3．（2024·上海·模拟预测）The names of the model students ________ on the school noticeboard yesterday.
A．has shown B．were shown C．will be shown D．are shown
4．（2024·广东珠海·模拟预测）The highly-anticipated Chinese teen drama film Better Days ________ by Zeng Guoxiang.
A．was directed B．directed
C．had been directed D．has directed
5．（2024·广东珠海·模拟预测）My 5G Huawei Mobile phone doesn’t work well now , and I think it needs________.
A．to repair B．repairing C．being repaired D．to be repairing
6．（2025·江西·一模）At the age of 15, he ________ the chance to learn dance, and he did very well.
A．gives B．was given C．gave D．is given
7．（24-25九年级下·甘肃武威·开学考试）Many artifacts (文物) ________ in Sanxingdui Site in Guanghan, Sichuan province, on March 20, 2021.
A．were discovered B．will be discovered
C．are discovered D．discover
8．（2025·吉林松原·一模）You ________ lunch at school. So you don’t have to bring your own food.
A．give B．will give C．are given
9．（24-25九年级下·安徽合肥·阶段练习）The 2028 Olympic Games ________ in Los Angeles. Don’t miss it.
A．holds B．will hold C．is held D．will be held
10．（24-25九年级下·吉林长春·开学考试）Changchun Marathon________last month and many people took an active part in it.
A．was held B．will held C．holds D．is held
11．（2025·安徽阜阳·一模）—The park is so beautiful!
—Yes, many trees and grass ________ in the park.
A．plant B．plants C．are planted D．were planted
12．（2024·安徽·模拟预测）—More and more young people like to wear hanfu.
—Yes. It’s said that most of the Chinese traditional clothes ________ in Heze, Shandong.
A．are producing B．will produce C．are produced D．were produced
13．（2025·江西南昌·模拟预测）—Although new things are liked by many young people, the traditional things should also _____.
—You are right. I will keep my tiger-head shoes made by my grandma well.
A．value B．valued C．have valued D．be valued
14．（24-25九年级下·吉林松原·开学考试）—Tell me one thing you’re proud of in your junior high school, Tom.
—I ________ as captain of the school football team.
A．choose B．chose C．was chosen
15．（24-25九年级下·甘肃武威·开学考试）—It’s time to go for the meeting.
—It ________ minutes ago.
A．is canceled B．was canceled C．may cancel D．canceled
16．（2024·安徽宿州·二模）—Lingling, do you know who created this painting
—Yes. It ________ by Xu Beihong in 1940.
A．painted B．is painted C．was painted D．has been painted
17．（24-25九年级下·黑龙江哈尔滨·开学考试）—What a pity! None of us in our class ________ to perform in the play.
— Come on. There will be more chances in the future.
A．was invited B．has invited C．invited
18．（24-25九年级下·黑龙江哈尔滨·开学考试）—You don’t know what great difficulty I had ________ to get the two tickets.
—But the film is really worth ________ twice.
A．managing, seeing B．to manage, seeing C．managing, to see
19．（2025·安徽·模拟预测）The 2024 Anhui International Cultural and Tourism Festival ________ successfully in Hefei. It attracted a large number of tourists.
A．held B．was held C．has held D．had held
20．（2024·北京西城·模拟预测）The plane ________ for safety every day. It’s safe for us to take it.
A．tests B．tested C．is tested D．was tested
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