查漏知识 专题04 从句
(思维导图+高频考点+关键能力+模拟新题+押题预测)
目录
知识点：从句 2
【必记核心知识思维导图】从句核心知识思维导图 2
【考情分析】 2
高频考点1：名词性从句 2
【真题回顾】 2
【解题必备】精准解题指导 提高关键能力 5
高频考点2：定语从句 7
【真题回顾】 7
【解题必备】精准解题指导 提高关键能力 11
高频考点3：状语从句 15
【真题回顾】 15
【解题必备】精准解题指导 提高关键能力 16
【模拟新题】精选模拟新题及时跟踪演练 20
【押题预测】依据高考的命题思想，结合重点知识，深度预测高考试题..............................................................23
知识点：从句
高频考点1、考查名词性从句
一、宾语从句
1.（2024·全国甲卷）How did the national park system come about On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in 43 is now northwestern Wyoming.
【答案】what
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：1870年9月中旬，在一个凉爽、繁星点点的夜晚，四个男人在火洞河边的营火前放松，这里现在是怀俄明州的西北部。后文为介词in的宾语，is前缺主语，指物，主语用what引导宾语从句，作介词in的宾语，故填what。
2.（2022年1月浙江）Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak ______ she could do so remotely.
【答案】if/whether
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：对于她的出席，Cobb开始询问邀请她的组织者是否可以远程进行。显然ask后面出现了一个宾语从句，宾语从句句意不完整，whether/if“是否”符合语境，故填whether或if。
3．（2025·陕西省榆林市高三三模）One newly uploaded video showed 40 she turned a woodshed into a woodland cloakroom (衣帽间), and the other showcased her craft using the intangible cultural heritage Chinese lacquerware (漆器) techniques.
考查宾语从句。句意：一个新上传的视频展示了她是如何将木屋改造成森林衣帽间的，另一个则展示了她运用非物质文化遗产——中国漆器技术的手工艺。此处为连接词引导宾语从句，且从句中不缺主宾等成分，根据句意可知，此处表示“如何”，应用连接副词how。故填how。
二、表语从句
1.（2024年1月浙江高考真题）If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s 59 they’ll promote. But that leaves the solo (单独) customers out of pocket and disappointed.
【答案】what
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：如果他们的大多数客户都乐意大量购买，那他们就会推广。在表语从句中缺少宾语，且是指事物，所以应用连接代词what。故填what。
2.（2023·新高考Ⅱ卷）This is they need an English trainer.
【答案】why
【解析】考查表语从句。句意:这就是他们需要一名英语教练的原因。本空引导表语从句,根据句意可知,本空在从句中作原因状语,故应用连接副词why。
3．(2021·全国甲卷)One of the ground rules of the swap should be__________everyone must try on the clothes before they take them.
【答案】that
【解析】考查表语从句。句意：交换的基本原则之一是每个人在带走之前必须要试穿衣服。从句中意思完整，不缺成分，故填that。
名词性从句中that与what的区别： 引导名词性从句既可以用that，也可以用what。两者的区别在于that在句中不作成分，what在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。
三、考查主语从句
1.（2021新课标I卷）_____________is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes.
【答案】What
【解析】考查主语从句。句意为：这段经历让人叹为观止的是那些超凡脱俗的场景。引导主语从句,在从句中作主语,表示"……的东西",故填What.
2.（2024·湖北省宜荆荆随联考）Moreover, the silk texture and colour have both grown inconsistent makes creating the necessary raw materials and matching the colour difficult. The advanced technology is helping them with the restoration.
【答案】that
【解析】考查主语从句。句意：此外，丝绸的质地和颜色都变得不一致，这使得创造必要的原材料和匹配颜色变得困难。分析句子可知，空处引导名词性从句作句子的主语，主句从句的成分和语义均完整，因此应用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。故填that。
what & that在名词性从句中的用法： that是从属连词，在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，也没有任何意义。而what是连接代词，在名词性从句中充当成分，通常充当主语、宾语或表语。 I believe that I will succeed if I study hard.我相信如果我努力学习我会成功的。
3．(2020·江苏卷)It is not a problem__________we can win the battle; it's just a matter of time.
【答案】whether/if
【解析】考查主语从句。句意：我们是否能赢得战斗不是问题；这只是时间问题。
whether与if引导主语从句的区别： 主语从句位于主句的谓语动词前，表示“是否”，只能用whether而不能用if引导；若用it作形式主语，则if与whether可互换。 Whether we can have clean drinking water lies in what effective measures will be taken by the government about water pollution. 我们能否有干净的饮用水在于政府将采取什么样的有效措施处理水污染问题。 It remains to be seen whether/if this idea can be put into practice.这一想法能否付诸实施还有待观察。
宾语从句
1.宾语从句的引导词
引导词 作用
连接词 that, whether, if 只起连接作用，不在从句中作成分
连接代词 what, who, whom，which，whichever，whatever, whoever 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语
连接副词 when, where, how, why 在从句中作状语
①I'm writing to tell you that my uncle Li Ming is going to your city for a conference.我写信是想告诉你，我叔叔李明要去你的城市开会。
②We promise whoever attends the party will have a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.我们保证，任何参加这个聚会的人都有机会与那个电影明星合影。
③I don't know whether to set off for Beijing or not.我不知道是否出发去北京。
(1)that引导宾语从句时，常被省去，但下列情况下不能省略：①动词后跟有多个that引导的宾语从句时，只有第一个that可省略，其余的不可省略；②宾语从句前有插入语时；③that引导的从句位于句首时。
(2)一般情况下介词后只能用wh-类连接词引导宾语从句。介词后的宾语从句，连接词表示“是否”时，只能用whether，不能用if。
2．形式宾语【高频再现】
宾语一般放在及物动词或介词之后，但是，在下列情况下，须用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语(常为不定式/从句)后置。
(1)动词find/feel/think/consider/make＋it＋宾补(形容词或名词)＋不定式/从句
(2)动词hate/like/dislike/appreciate/enjoy＋it＋从句
(3)短语动词see to/depend on/rely on＋it＋从句
(4)固定搭配take it for granted that/owe it to sb. that＋从句
Most of us young men take it for granted that parents do everything for us.我们大部分年轻人认为父母为我们做的一切是理所当然的。
I shall see to it that he is taken good care of when you are absent.当你不在的时候，我负责把他照顾好。
3．宾语从句的时态
一般情况下，宾语从句须与主句的时态保持一致，即主句是一般现在时，从句可根据具体情况选用合适的时态；主句为过去的某种时态，从句须用相应的过去的某种时态。当从句的内容为真理或客观事实时，须用一般现在时。
表语从句
1.表语从句的引导词
引导词 作用
连接词 that, whether 只起连接作用，不在从句中作成分
连接代词 what, who, whom, which，whichever, whatever，whoever 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语
连接副词 when, where, how, why 在从句中作状语
The most important result for the user is that the product does what is intended.
对用户来说最重要的是产品达到了预期的效果。
This is where we usually think it's easier to just give up.
这就是我们通常认为更容易放弃的地方。
if不能引导表语从句；that引导表语从句时不能省略。
2．as if/as though引导表语从句
as if/as though意为“好像，仿佛”，引导的表语从句常跟在系动词(如seem, appear, look, taste, sound, feel, smell等)之后。若表语从句所述的是非真实的情况，从句用虚拟语气；若所述的是事实或是极可能发生的情况，从句用陈述语气。
The thick smog covered the whole city. It was as if a great black blanket had been thrown over it.
厚重的烟雾覆盖着整个城市，好像把一个厚厚的黑色的毯子扔到了它的上面。
3．其他常考的表语从句【高频再现】
(1)This/That/It is why＋表语从句(表示结果)“这/那就是……的原因”
(2)This/That/It is because＋表语从句(表示原因)“这/那是因为……”
(3)The reason why... is that＋表语从句“……的原因是……”
主语从句
1.主语从句的引导词
引导词 作用
连接词 that, whether, if 只起连接作用，不在从句中作成分
连接代词 what, who, whom，which, whichever，whatever, whoever 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语
连接副词 when, where，how, why 在从句中作状语
When the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.
延迟的飞机何时起飞在很大程度上取决于天气。
Where Professor Han was born is known to the public.韩教授出生的地方人人皆知。
What struck me most in the movie was the father's deep love for his son.
影片中最打动我的是父亲对儿子深深的爱。
(1)that引导主语从句时一般不省略。
That they were in truth sisters was clear from the facial similarity between them.从她们的面貌相似度就能清楚地看出她们是亲姐妹。
(2)whether与if引导主语从句的区别：
主语从句位于主句的谓语动词前，表示“是否”，只能用whether而不能用if引导；若用it作形式主语，则if与whether可互换。
Whether we can have clean drinking water lies in what effective measures will be taken by the government about water pollution.
我们能否有干净的饮用水在于政府将采取什么样的有效措施处理水污染问题。
It remains to be seen whether/if this idea can be put into practice.
这一想法能否付诸实施还有待观察。
2．形式主语【高频再现】
it作形式主语的常见句型：
(1)It＋be＋形容词(necessary/likely/important/certain等)＋that从句
(2)It＋be＋名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/no wonder等)＋that从句
(3)It＋be＋过去分词(said/told/reported等)＋that从句
(4)It＋不及物动词(seem, appear, happen, matter等)＋that从句
It is uncertain what side effect the medicine will bring about，although about two thousand patients have taken it.
尽管大约两千名患者已经服用了这种药，但是它会带来什么样的副作用还不清楚。
It doesn't matter whether you pay by cash or credit card in this store.在这个商店里你用现金支付还是信用卡支付都没有关系。
高频考点2、考查定语从句
一、定语从句中的关系代词
1.（2025年1月浙江高考）Tanya’s shop offers fashion clothes for women 60 (rent) rather than purchase them outright, providing a less expensive solution to one-time event dressing.
【答案】to rent
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：坦尼娅的店提供女性时尚服装供租赁，而不是让她们直接购买，为一次性活动着装提供了一个更便宜的解决方案。“for women (rent)”作后置定语，修饰名词词组fashion clothes，意为“女性租赁的衣服”，用不定式to rent作后置定语，主动表被动。故填to rent。
2．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route 64 brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England.
【答案】which/that
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：“玻璃屋”是当代设计的一个伟大成果，容纳了来自中国西南部的植物。建筑位于公园内一条小路的末端，这条小路追溯了丝路沿线，各种植物品种正是沿此线从其亚洲原生地来到英国，并由此定义了英国园艺的丰富性。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词是the Silk Route，先行词指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词which或that引导从句。故填which/that。
3.（2024年1月浙江高考真题）Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way 58 will make them the most money.
【答案】that/which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：当然，商店不是慈善机构——他们以最赚钱的方式给商品定价。在定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为way，所以应用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。
4.(2023年新高考Ⅰ卷) The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ______ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.
【答案】that
【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：该计划旨在为生活在Giant Panda Range的所有物种提供更有力的保护，并显著改善该地区的生态系统健康。设空处为关系词引导限制性定语从句，先行词等于关系词，设空处在从句中作指物的主语，先行词为species，且先行词前为all修饰，只能用关系代词that。故填that。
只用that而不用which的情况 当先行词是all，much，little，few，everything等不定代词或被不定代词修饰时。 There is nothing that we can do now.现在我们什么也做不了。
二、定语从句中的关系副词
1.（2020新课标I卷）Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot __________ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth.
【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：中国首先必须把一颗人造卫星送入月球轨道上的一个点，人造卫星可以在这个点向航天器和地球发射信号。分析句子可知，空处引导一个定语从句，先行词是a spot，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用where引导。故填where。
2.（2021天津卷）In the spring, a season ________ we are learning new rhythms of life，many of us find comfort in the natural world.
【答案】when
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：春天是我们学习新的生活节奏的季节，许多人在大自然中找到了舒适感。此处a season是先行词，在后面的定语从句中作时间状语，定语从句由关系副词when引导。故填when。
三、非限制性定语从句的关系词
1．(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, ___36___ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown.
【答案】who
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：为了纪念被誉为“亚洲莎士比亚”的汤显祖，中国文化元素为莎士比亚的故乡——埃文河畔的斯特拉特福增添了国际化的色彩。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“Tang Xianzu”，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，表示人，用关系代词who引导。故填who。
2.(2024·全国甲卷)Yellowstone was the largest United States national park—2.2 million acres—until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, 50 became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：黄石公园是美国最大的国家公园——220万英亩——直到阿拉斯加南部的朗格尔-圣伊莱亚斯，1978年成为国家纪念碑，1980年以1230万英亩成为国家公园。本空所在句子为定语从句，先行词为Wrangell-Saint Elias，从句中作主语，指物，引导非限制性定语从句用which，故填which。
3.（2023·全国甲卷）Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow”.
【答案】as
【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意:正如Rachel Carson在《明天的寓言》中所说,今天寓言的形式仍然有价值。此处是as引导的非限制性定语从句,as作says的宾语,指代前面整个句子的内容。故填as。
which与as引导非限制性定语从句的三点区别：
4.（2023·全国甲卷）Carson uses a simple, direct style common to fable. In fact, her style and tone (口吻) are seemingly directed at children. “There was once a town in the heart of America, all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co-existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, borrowing some familiar words from many age-old fables.
【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:在那里所有的生命似乎都享受着和周围环境的和平共处。此处是where引导的定语从句,where在定语从句中作地点状语。故填where。
5.（2022·全国甲卷）On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, ______ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province.
【答案】 who
【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。在1100公里的旅程中，8岁时因一次车祸失明的男子曹盛康穿过了三个省的40个城市和县。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词为Cao Shengkang，指人，在从句中作主语。故填who。
四、“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句
1．（2021·天津卷3月） William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes from ________ we can learn without repeating them.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。句意：William Hastie曾提出，历史告诉我们过去的错误，我们可以从中吸取教训，以免重蹈覆辙。分析句子结构可知，该句为介词提前的定语从句。故填which指代先行词past mistakes。
2．(2020·江苏卷)Many lessons are now available online, from__________students can choose for free.
【答案】which
【解析】本题考查非限制性定语从句。句意：很多课可以在线获得，学生可以免费选择。该空引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作介词宾语，且介词前置，所以只能用which。
1. “介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句时，介词的宾语只能用which或whom，且不能省略。
Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon/on which school education depends.
一些专家认为阅读是学校教育所依赖的基本技能。
September 30 is the day by which you must pay your bill.在9月30日之前你必须缴付账单。
2．“名词/不定代词/数词/形容词比较级或最高级＋of＋which/whom”引导的定语从句，表示部分与整体的关系。
Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears, none of which has been proved.
科学家们提出了很多关于人类为什么哭泣时流泪的理论，这些理论尚未得到证实。
Many young people，most of whom were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.
很多年轻人都去了偏远地区追求自己的梦想，他们中的大部分都受过良好的教育。
3. 在非限制性定语从句中，whose修饰物时可以换为“the＋名词＋of which”；修饰人时，可以换为“the＋名词＋of whom”。
The newly-built café， the walls of which (＝whose walls) are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, especially after hard work.
这家新建成的咖啡馆，墙被刷成了浅绿色，对我们来说，真是一个安静的地方，特别是在辛苦工作后。
定语从句中的关系代词
1.关系代词的基本用法
关系代词 先行词 在从句中的作用
who 人 主语、宾语
whom 人 宾语
which 物 主语、宾语
that 人或物 主语、宾语、表语
whose 人或物 定语
as 人或物 主语、宾语、表语
2．只用that不用which引导定语从句的情况
(1)先行词为不定代词anything, nothing, something, everything, all, some, none, little, few, the one等时。
◆I refuse to accept the blame for something that was someone else's fault.
我拒绝接受因别人的错误而对我进行的指责。
(2)先行词是形容词最高级或序数词，或先行词前有形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。
◆The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill.
他们在桂林参观的第一个地方是象鼻山。
(3)先行词被the only, the very, the last, the same, any, every, each, few, little, no, some, all等修饰时。
◆The only part of the meal that I really liked was the dessert.
这顿饭只有甜点是我真正爱吃的。
(4)先行词中既有表示人又有表示物的名词时。
◆They will never forget the things and persons that they've seen or heard of during their long journey.
他们将永远不会忘记在他们的长途旅行中见到或听说过的人和事。
3．as和which的区别
关系代词as和which都可以用来引导非限制性定语从句，指代主句或主句中的名词或短语，一般情况下二者可互换使用，但有下列区别：
(1)which引导的非限制性定语从句只能位于主句之后，as引导的从句可位于主句之前、之中和之后。
①As anybody can see, a computer can do almost everything people can.
＝A computer can do almost everything people can，as anybody can see.任何人都明白，计算机几乎能做人所能做的一切事。
②Therefore, this time I will introduce Tang Poetry to you, which is of great help in learning Chinese.因此，这次我将向你介绍唐诗，这将非常有助于你学习汉语。
(2)as常用的这种类似插入语的句式有：
as the saying goes, as is said above, as is mentioned above, as often happens, as is often the case, as is reported in the newspaper等。
She passed the exam, as was expected.
她通过了考试，这是预料之中的事。
(1)whom、which、that在从句中作宾语时可省略；但介词提前时不能省略，也不能用that；
(2)as用在限制性定语从句中时，常用于下列句式：such＋名词＋as(像……一样的，像……之类的)；the same＋名词＋as(和……同样的)。
Such machines as are used in our workshop are made in China.
像在我们车间使用的机器是中国制造的。
定语从句中的关系副词
关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词 先行词 在从句中的作用
when 时间名词 时间状语
where 地点名词或抽象名词(situation, point, activity，case, stage等) 地点状语
why the reason 原因状语
①We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, when the weather may be better.
我们将把在公园的野餐推迟到下周，届时天气可能会更好。
②Students should involve themselves in community activities where they can gain experience for growth.
学生们应该参加社团活动，在这些活动中他们可以获得成长的经验。
当先行词为situation、case、stage、point等，且关系词在定语从句中作状语时，也要用关系副词where引导。
非限制性定语从句
1．功能、特点和引导词
功能：可修饰名词，也可修饰整个主句，对它们起补充说明作用
特点：用逗号与被修饰的名词或句子隔开
关系代词 which, whom, who, whose, as
关系副词 when, where, why
2.关系代词和关系副词的使用
(1)用来修饰名词的非限制性定语从句
引导词在任何情况下都不能省略
不能用that作引导词
除上述两点外，和限制性定语从句的使用方法一样
①Last week we went to the nearby park, where we had a good time.
上周我们去了附近的公园，在那里玩得很高兴。
②He is reading a letter, which came from his friend.
他正在看一封他的朋友寄来的信。
(2)用来修饰整个句子的非限制性定语从句
which引导的定语从句，可修饰整个句子
位置：放在主句后面
意义：这一点，这件事
as引导的定语从句，可修饰整个句子
位置：主句前、中、后都可以
意义：正如
①He passed the exam, which made his parents happy.
他通过了考试，这使他父母很高兴。
②As you can see, we're still working.
正如你看到的，我们仍在工作。
(3)定语从句中的主谓一致
关系代词在句中作主语，从句谓语动词的单复数与先行词保持一致
先行词为“one of＋复数名词”时，从句谓语动词用复数形式；先行词为“the (only/very/right) one of＋复数名词”结构时，从句谓语动词用单数形式
①This is the suggestion which I think is very valuable.
这是我认为非常有价值的建议。
②He is one of the students who are praised by the teacher. 他是老师表扬的学生之一。(比较：He is the only one of the students who is praised by the teacher. 他是唯一受到老师表扬的学生。)
限制性与非限制性定语从句的区别
限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句
与先行词关系密切，删除后影响整个意思的表达 与先行词关系不密切，是一种补充说明，删除后不影响整个意思的表达
不用逗号分开 一般用逗号分开
可用关系代词that 不可用关系代词that
关系代词that，who，which/whom在从句中作宾语时可以省略 关系代词不可以省略
关系代词whom作宾语时可用who或that替代 关系代词不能替代
读时不停顿 读时停顿，用降调
只可以修饰名词或代词，不可以修饰句子 既可修饰名词或代词，也可以修饰句子，用逗号分开。
“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句
1. “介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句时，介词的宾语只能用which或whom，且不能省略。
Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon/on which school education depends.
一些专家认为阅读是学校教育所依赖的基本技能。
2．“名词/不定代词/数词/形容词比较级或最高级＋of＋which/whom”引导的定语从句，表示部分与整体的关系。
Many young people，most of whom were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.
很多年轻人都去了偏远地区追求自己的梦想，他们中的大部分都受过良好的教育。
3. 在非限制性定语从句中，whose修饰物时可以换为“the＋名词＋of which”；修饰人时，可以换为“the＋名词＋of whom”。
The newly-built café， the walls of which (＝whose walls) are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, especially after hard work.
这家新建成的咖啡馆，墙被刷成了浅绿色，对我们来说，真是一个安静的地方，特别是在辛苦工作后。
高频考点3、考查状语从句
一、考查状语从句的连词
1.(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)__________he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary(传奇的) artist, they smiled and pointed down the river.
【答案】When
【解析】考查时间状语从句的连词。句意：当他询问岸上的村民们他可以在什么地方找到传奇艺术家的时候，他们笑着指向河下。When引导时间状语从句，符合语境。
2．(北京卷)If you don't understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people__________you figure it out.
【答案】until
【解析】考查连词。句意：如果你无法理解某个东西，你可能会去研究，学习和他人探讨直到你解决为止。根据句意可知，此处用until引导时间状语从句。
3．(2018·江苏卷)__________you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated after one or two nights.
【答案】Unless
【解析】考查状语从句。句意：你如果睡不好的话，一两个晚上后就会失去集中注意力、做好规划和保持积极性的能力。unless意为“如果不，除非”，引导条件状语从句，符合语境。
4．(湖南卷)__________hard you try, it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat.
【答案】However
【解析】考查状语从句。句意：无论你多么努力，如果不减少饮食，那么减肥是很难做到的。故填However。
首先判断是否用连词，与定语从句要区别开来。连词连接的往往是两个完整的句子，其中一个用连词连接，是状语从句。如果其中一个句子中缺少成分，那么就是定语从句，不能用引导状语从句的连词。
二、状语从句的省略
1．(陕西卷)All the photographs in this book，__________stated, otherwise, date from the 1950s.
【答案】unless
【解析】考查状语从句。句意：这本书里所有的照片，除非有说明的，否则，都要追溯到20世纪50年代。所填词表条件，从句用了省略句式。根据句意填unless。
2．(全国卷Ⅰ)Film has a much shorter history, especially when__________(compare) to such art forms as music and painting.
【答案】compared
【解析】考查状语从句的省略。句意：电影的历史相当短，尤其是与像音乐和绘画这类艺术形式相比较时。主语film是compare这个动作的受动者，所以用过去分词表被动。故填compared。
状语从句省略后，只剩下不定式(to do)短语、现在分词(doing)短语和过去分词(done)短语，表示“将要做的事情”用不定式(to do)短语；表示“主动的动作”用现在分词(doing)短语；表示“被动且完成的动作”用过去分词(done)短语。
状语从句考点的必备知识：
一、时间状语从句
1．when引导时间状语从句，意为“正在这时”，表示某件事正在发生或刚刚发生时，突然发生另一动作。
Tom was about to close the window when his attention was caught by a bird.
汤姆正要关窗户，这时他的注意力被一只鸟吸引住了。
when还可表原因，意为“既然”。
How can I help them to understand when they won't listen to me
既然他们不听我说，我怎么帮他们理解？
2．as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute, the instant, no sooner...than..., hardly/scarcely...when...和once(一……就……)，这些从属连词引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作随即就发生，常译为“一……就……”，从句中用一般时态代替将来时态。
The moment I heard the voice, I knew father was coming.
我一听到那个声音就知道父亲来了。
The boy burst into tears immediately he saw his mother.
那男孩一见到他妈妈便放声大哭。
no sooner... than..., hardly/scarcely....when....的时态搭配：hardly/scarcely后的句子谓语动词应用过去完成时，而than与when引导的句子谓语动词应用一般过去时。此外，当把no sooner和hardly/scarcely提到句首时，应用倒装语序。
He had no sooner finished his speech than the students started cheering.
＝No sooner had he finished his speech than the students started cheering.
他刚完成演讲学生们就开始欢呼起来。
3．before
(1)表示“还未……就……；不到……就……；还没来得及……就……”。
The girl had hardly rung the bell before the door was opened suddenly, and her friend rushed out to greet her.
小女孩还没来得及按门铃，门就突然开了，并且她的朋友冲出来问候她。
Please write it down before you forget it.
趁你现在没忘把它记下来。
(2)It will be＋一段时间＋before...多久之后才……。
It is＋一段时间＋since... 自从……多久了。
John thinks it won't be long before he is ready for his new job.
约翰认为他不久就会为新工作做好准备了。
二、条件状语从句
1．通常由if, unless, as(so)long as, in case(that), once等连词引导。
Unless children believe they can succeed, they will never become totally independent.
除非孩子们相信他们能够成功，否则他们将永远无法完全独立。
2．由on condition(that); provided(that); providing (that); supposing(that)等引导的条件状语从句。
You can go swimming on condition that you don't go too far from the river bank.
只有不离河岸太远你才能下去游泳。
三、让步状语从句
1．让步状语从句可由although, though, as, while, even if(though), whenever, whether... or..., no matter who(when, what...)等引导。
Although regular exercise is very important, it's never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime.
尽管有规律的锻炼是很重要的，但是在临近就寝的时候进行锻炼绝不是一个好主意。
However serious a problem you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge.
不论你的问题有多严重，你都应该鼓起勇气，接受挑战。
2．while作“尽管”讲，引导让步状语从句时，往往放在句首。
While the Internet is of great help, I don't think it's a good idea to spend too much time on it.
尽管因特网对我们有很大的帮助，但我认为花太多的时间上网也不是一个好主意。
[
while也可以用来表对比转折，意为“而，却”。
At school, some students are active while some are shy, yet they can be good friends with one another.
在学校，有的学生很活跃而有的很腼腆，但他们能成为好朋友。
四、原因状语从句与方式状语从句
1．方式状语从句用来表示主句谓语动作发生的方式，常由as“像……一样”，as if (though)“似乎，好像”等引导。
The house was greatly damaged by the truck. We'd better leave things as they are until the police arrive.
卡车对这座房子造成了严重的损坏。我们最好保持原样直到警察到来。
He acted as if nothing had happened.
他表现得好像什么也没发生。
2．原因状语从句通常由because, since, as, now that, seeing(that), considering that等引导。
Now that you have grown up, you must do it by yourself.
既然你已经长大了，就必须自己做这件事。
Considering that I have told you three times, you must know it.
鉴于我已经告诉你三次，你必须知道它。
五、地点状语从句
1．通常由连词where和wherever引导，从句可位于主句之前，也可位于主句之后。
The little girl who got lost decided to remain where she was and wait for her mother.
这个迷路的小女孩决定待在原地等她妈妈。
Today, we will begin where we stopped yesterday so that no point will be left out.
今天我们将在昨天停止的地方开始，为的是不漏掉知识点。
2．地点状语从句在句首时常兼有抽象条件意味。
Where there's a will, there's a way.
有志者事竟成。
Where(ver) there's plenty of sun and rain, the fields are green.
哪里阳光雨水充足，哪里的田野就绿油油。
3．where引导的状语从句和定语从句的区别
where引导地点状语从句直接修饰动词，而在定语从句中where作为关系副词要跟在表示地点的先行词后面。
When solving the problem a second time, you'd better be more careful where you made a mistake.
＝When solving the problem a second time, you'd better be more careful in the place where you made a mistake.
当你第二次解决这个问题的时候，你要在出过差错的地方更加小心。
六、目的状语从句与结果状语从句
1．目的状语从句。
引导目的状语从句的从属连词有so that，in order that, for fear that, in case，lest等。
(1)in order that与so that。
两个连词都意为“以便……；为了……”，引导的状语从句中需用情态动词，in order that比so that正式，引导的状语从句可置于主句之前或之后，而so that引导的从句只能置于主句之后。
I'll speak slowly so that you can understand me.
我说慢一点以便你能听懂。
In order that we might see the sunrise, we started for the peak early.
为了能看到日出，我们很早就向山顶出发了。
(2)for fear that, in case与lest。
这三个从属连词引导的目的状语从句中谓语动词要用(should＋)动词原形，它本身带有否定意义，相当于so that... not...或in order that... not...。
The boy hid himself behind the tree in case/for fear that his father(should) see him.
男孩躲到树后以防被父亲发现。
Take your raincoat in case/lest it (should) rain.
带着你的雨衣，以防下雨。
2．结果状语从句。
(1)引导结果状语从句的从属连词有：so that, so...that..., such...that...。在非正式语体中，由so...that...和such...that...引导的句子中that可以省略，注意其结构形式：
Mike is such an honest worker that we all believe him.
＝Mike is so honest a worker that we all believe him.
迈克是如此诚实的工人以至于我们都信任他。
It is such fine weather that we all want to go to the park.
天气如此的好，我们都想去公园。
He earned so little money that he couldn't support his family.
他挣钱太少以至于无法养活家人。
(2)当so或such置于句首时，主句要用倒装语序。
So clever a student was he that he was able to work out all the difficult problems.
他是一个如此聪明的学生，以至于他能算出所有的难题。
六、状语从句的省略
在时间、条件、让步、原因等状语从句中，当从句主语和主句主语一致，或从句主语是it，且含有动词be时，可以将从句主语和动词be动词省略。
The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day, unless accompanied by an adult.
学校规则规定：除非有大人的陪伴，否则任何孩子白天都不允许出学校。
The problem, if not carefully dealt with, will cause a lot of damage.
这个问题，如果不小心处理，将会造成重大损失。
The dying man is moving his eyes slowly as if looking for his family.
这个奄奄一息的人慢慢地转动眼睛好像在寻找家人。
模拟新题
时间：10分钟 满分：17分 得分：_______
1.（2025·广东省大湾区普通高中毕业班联合模拟考试（一））This type of layout quickly developed and became widely used in subsequent centuries, establishing itself as the most typical approach to traditional Chinese urban planning, 45 was generally acknowledged as the square-block design of towns.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这种布局在随后的几个世纪中迅速发展并得到广泛应用，成为中国传统城市规划最典型的方法，这种方法通常被认为是城镇的方形设计。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是the most typical approach，指物，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用which引导，故填which。
2.（2025·安徽省合肥市高三第一次教学质量检测）Pioneer 43 China may be in the development of umbrellas, similar devices appeared in other ancient civilizations, such as Egypt, Assyria, and Greece, primarily for sun protection.
【答案】as/though
【解析】考查状语从句和倒装。句意：虽然中国可能是伞发展的先驱，但在其他古代文明如埃及、亚述和希腊也出现了类似的设备，主要用于遮阳。此空前为形容词，运用了倒装结构，结合句意可知，此处为as或though引导的让步状语从句，即“adj.+as/though+主语+谓语”。故填as/though。
3.（2025·安徽省合肥市高三第一次教学质量检测）According to Chinese legend, the first umbrella in ancient China was invented by Lady Yun, the wife of Lu Ban, a renowned craftsman in Chinese history. At the time, people relied on straw hats and capes during rainy days, 38 proved inconvenient for travel.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：当时人们在下雨天依赖草帽和斗篷，这证明了旅行的不便。此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词指的是主句的内容，指事情，所以此处使用关系代词which。故填which。
4.（2025·山东省淄博市高三下学期一模）Whether it’s out of love and interest, a desire to help those with hearing loss, 45 simply for situations where speaking is difficult due to illness, sign language can be very useful.
【答案】or
【解析】考查连词。句意：无论是出于热爱和兴趣，还是出于帮助听力障碍者的愿望，亦或是仅仅因为在生病等情况下说话困难，手语都能发挥极大的作用。whether…or…为固定句型，意为“无论……还是……”。故填or。
6.（2025·山东省聊城市高三一模）Dashuhua is more than a spectacle (精彩表演); it embodies the courage, skill, and perseverance of its performers, 45 fight to keep this cultural treasure alive for future generations.
【答案】who
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：打树花不仅仅是一场精彩表演；它体现了表演者的勇气、技巧和毅力，他们为让这一文化瑰宝为子孙后代传承下去而努力。本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是performers，指人，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who引导。故填who。
7.（2025·山东省名校考试联盟高三模拟）The durability of the wooden buildings has stood the test of time, of 63 the Forbidden City is a good example.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：木制建筑的耐久性经受住了时间的考验，紫禁城就是一个很好的例子。“of ________ the Forbidden City is a good example”为之前“The durability of the wooden buildings”的非限制性定语从句，先行词在从句中作介词“of”的宾语，用关系代词which。故填which。
8.（2025·陕西省榆林市高三三模）One newly uploaded video showed 40 she turned a woodshed into a woodland cloakroom (衣帽间), and the other showcased her craft using the intangible cultural heritage Chinese lacquerware (漆器) techniques.
【答案】how
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：一个新上传的视频展示了她是如何将木屋改造成森林衣帽间的，另一个则展示了她运用非物质文化遗产——中国漆器技术的手工艺。此处为连接词引导宾语从句，且从句中不缺主宾等成分，根据句意可知，此处表示“如何”，应用连接副词how。故填how。
9.（2025·黑龙江省哈师大附中、东北师大附中、辽宁省实验中学一模）A long scroll (卷轴) of the “Along the River During the Qingming Festival,” an iconic painting of the Northern Song Dynasty, constructed straight from LEGO bricks, has been on display since Sep 25th. Covering 47 square meters, this LEGO exhibit, has delicately pieced together a marvelous world 57 the old and the new meet.
【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这个乐高展品占地47平方米，精致地拼凑出一个奇妙的世界，在这里新旧交汇。本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是a marvelous world，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。
10.（2025·海南省三亚市高三期末）“The music makes you happy because the melodies are cheerful.” said Tang Baoshan, 39 started learning the folk songs when he was a child and soon demonstrated a talent for the form.
【答案】who
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：“音乐让人快乐，因为旋律很欢快。”唐宝山说道，他从小就开始学习民歌，并且很快就展现出了在这方面的天赋。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词Tang Baoshan，指人，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词who引导。故填who。
11.（2025·四川省绵阳市高三二模）The culture of bird-keeping and birdcage-making has been deeply rooted in Hong Kong society since the 1920s and 1930s. In the past, many bird owners would bring their birds to the tea houses 41 they socialized with other bird enthusiasts.
【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：过去，许多鸟类主人会把他们的鸟带到茶馆，在那里他们与其他鸟类爱好者交往。该空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是the tea houses，指具体地点，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where。故填where。
12.（2025·江苏省无锡市高三教学质量调研测试）The Donglin Academy of Classical Learning was founded during the Northern Song Dynasty. For a long time, it was a place 36 lectures were given by the famous scholar Yang Shi.
【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在很长一段时间里，这里是著名学者杨时讲学的地方。设空处引导定语从句，先行词是a place，在从句中作地点状语，所以设空处需用关系副词where引导定语从句。故填where。
13.（2025·江苏省苏州市高三学业质量阳光指标调研）Through the artwork, the development of Chinese painting between the 4th and 14th centuries can be clearly observed, 65 shows how valuable the Mogao Grottoes are for anyone who wants to study the history of Chinese art.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：通过这些艺术作品，可以清楚地观察到公元4世纪至14世纪中国绘画的发展，这表明了莫高窟对任何想要研究中国艺术史的人来说是多么有价值。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子，关系词在从句中作主语，所以用which引导定语从句，故填which。
14.（2025·安徽省合肥市第一中学月考） But truly twisted her heart at that time,she said, was the backward and dangerous practices of local midwives and the hardships faced by expectant mothers and newborns in Jiaxian.
【答案】what
【解析】考查主语从句。句意：但她说，当时真正让她揪心的是当地助产士落后而危险的做法，以及佳县孕妇和新生儿所面临的困境。这里是一个主语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“当时真正让她揪心的是”，所以用what。
15.（2025·湖南长沙联考）It is estimated about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan’ hybrid strain.
【答案】that
【解析】考查主语从句。句意：据估计，中国国内消费的大米中约有60%是由袁隆平的杂交品种生产的。根据句意及空前“It is estimated”可知，此处为it is estimated that的固定句型结构，其中it为形式主语，空处引导主语从句，从句句意完整，不缺少成分，应用连接词that引导，that在名词性从句中无实义，不充当句子成分。故填that。
16.（2025·湖北武汉统考） it was possible to develop a hybrid of self-pollinating plants such as rice was a matter of great debate.
【答案】Whether
【解析】考查主语从句。句意：是否有可能培育出像水稻这样的自花授粉植物的杂交品种，仍是一个备受争议的问题。空处引导主语从句，从句中不缺成分，但根据“ a matter of great debate”可知，是否培育出像水稻这样的自花授粉植物的杂交品种是一个备受争议的问题，所以用whether“是否”引导主语从句。该词位于句首，首字母大写。故填Whether。
17.（2025·山东省淄博市高三下学期一模）After learning the real-person video examples 40 demonstrate each sign language word, users can activate the camera, and the app will recognize and assess the accuracy of their sign language gestures.
【答案】that/which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：用户学习完展示每个手语词汇的真人视频示例后，可以激活摄像头，应用将识别并评估用户手语手势的准确性。空处引导限定性定语从句，先行词examples，从句中作主语，指物，故应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。
时间：10分钟 满分：20分 得分：_______
1．He always parks his car he can see it from the window, just to make sure it’s safe.
【答案】where
【解析】考查连接副词。句意：他总是把车停在他能从窗户看到的地方，只是为了确保安全。 he can see it from the window是地点状语从句，空格处应该填入一个连接词引导从句，且意义为“（在）……的地方”，所以应该用连接副词where。故填where。
2．The the shaking stopped, Miss Brown sensed it was the best time for the class to make their escape.
【答案】moment
【解析】考查时间状语从句。句意：地震一停止摇晃，布朗老师就意识到这是全班同学逃生的最佳时机。根据句意，这里应该填入一个名词，和the形成一个连词，意思是“一……就……”，应该填入moment，符合题意。故答案是moment。
3． time goes by, I realize how much I cherish the memories we shared together.
【答案】As
【解析】考查连词。句意：随着时间的推移，我越发珍惜我们曾经共同拥有的回忆。句中逗号前后都是句子，表明空处应填连词，构成从句。分析主句与从句的关系，从句应是表示主句动作发生的时间背景，应为时间状语从句，填入引导时间状从的连词as，构成固定表达as time goes by，表示“随着时间的推移”。故填As。
4． global temperatures are stabilized, the frequency of extreme weather events will continue to rise.
【答案】While/Althoug/Though
【解析】考查状语从句。句意：虽然全球气温趋于稳定，但极端天气事件的频率将继续上升。引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”可用while、although或though，首字母大写。故填While/Althoug/Though。
5．Exhausted and cold soldiers were, they persisted in finishing their long march.
【答案】as/though
【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管士兵们又累又冷，他们还是坚持走完长征。“士兵们又累又冷”和“他们坚持走完长征”之间是让步的关系，且形容词Exhausted和cold置于句首，从句使用了部分倒装，因此用连词as或though引导让步状语从句。故填as/though。
6．The Great Wall is well-known a tourist attraction that lots of tourists visit the city every year.
【答案】so
【解析】考查固定句型。句意：长城是如此著名的一个旅游景点，以至于每年都有很多游客来这座城市参观。“so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+that...”为固定句型。so... that...“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。 故填so。
7． comes no surprise is that the students are becoming better and better.
【答案】What
【解析】考查主语从句。句意：学生们变得越来越好，这一点也不奇怪。空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语，且根据句意可知，表示“……的事情”，应用what引导，句首单词首字母大写。故填What。
8．The historian believed steam power was the key to industrial revolution and the period brought about the appearance of an urban working class.
【答案】that
【解析】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：历史学家认为蒸汽动力是工业革命的关键，且这一时期带来了城市工人阶级的出现。steam power was the key to industrial revolution和the period brought about the appearance of an urban working class是并列的宾语从句，作动词believe的宾语；第一个宾语从句前省略了引导词that，空处引导第二个宾语从句，从句不缺成分，语义完整，用that引导，但第二个宾语从句that不可省略。故填that。
9． they can grow more vegetables in space depends on how much time and space it takes.
【答案】Whether
【解析】考查主语从句。句意：他们能否在太空中种植更多的蔬菜取决于需要多少时间和空间。该句主句谓语动词为depends on，该空需要一个连接词引导主语从句，从句是一个成分完整的陈述句，有可能使用that或whether引导；下文宾语从句是一个问句，由此可知，主句也应该是一个问句，应填whether表示“是否”；在句首注意首字母大写。故填Whether。
10．There is no doubt you are experienced in presenting your ideas, because of your abundant skills.
【答案】that
【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：毫无疑问，你在表达自己的想法方面经验丰富，因为你有丰富的技能。空处引导名词性从句作doubt的同位语，同位语从句的成分和语义均完整，应用连接词that作引导词，构成句型there is no doubt that...“毫无疑问……”。故填that。
11．The gold medal will be awarded to wins the first place in the bicycle race.
【答案】whoever
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：无论谁获得自行车比赛的第一名，都将被授予金牌。wins the first place in the bicycle race作to的宾语，所以本句是宾语从句。缺少的连接词在从句中作主语，表示“无论谁”，是泛指，故用whoever引导，故填whoever。
12．I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation they will not be judged by the color of their skin.
【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我有一个梦想，我的四个孩子有一天会生活在一个不会以肤色来评判他们的国家。分析句子可知，句子为限制性定语从句，先行词为“nation”，在从句中作地点状语，故应用关系副词“where”引导从句。故填where。
13．The occasion we celebrate the Spring Festival is always full of joy and warmth.
【答案】when
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们庆祝春节的时刻总是充满欢乐和温暖。此处为关系词引导的定语从句，从句中不缺主语和宾语，所以此处使用关系副词，先行词the occasion，指的是时间，所以此处使用关系副词when。故填when。
14．The reason we should reduce plastic use is that it significantly reduces pollution and protects marine life.
【答案】why
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们应该减少塑料使用的原因是，它极大地减少了污染，保护了海洋生活。此处引导定语从句，先行词为the reason，在定语从句中作原因状语，所以使用关系副词why引导。故填why。
15．She often reminds herself of the good days they spent together working out the problem in the distant rural area.
【答案】that/which
【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：她经常提醒自己，他们在遥远的农村地区一起解决问题的好日子。该空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是the good days，指物，关系词替代先行词在从句中作宾语，用关系代词that/which。故填that/which。
16．Little Tom told his parents that he had made two good friends in the new school, both of lived nearby.
【答案】whom
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：小汤姆告诉他的父母，他在新学校交了两个好朋友，他们都住在附近。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词two good friends，指人，在定语从句中作介词宾语，需用关系代词whom引导。故填whom。
17．There are also hundreds of other planets, some are so small that one has a hard time seeing them through the telescope
【答案】of which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：还有数百颗其他行星，其中一些非常小，以至于人们很难通过望远镜观察到它们。此处需要使用关系词引导定语从句，先行词是hundreds of other planets，可以用关系代词which引导，which和some是所属关系，要借助于介词of，符合句意。故答案为①of；②which。
18．The little baby was always throwing small things away around his house, made his parents crazy.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这个小婴儿总是把他家里的小东西扔得到处都是，这让他的父母很抓狂。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的整个句子，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
19．The intelligent young teacher, advocates (倡导) integrating new knowledge with what the students already know, gives an impressive lesson.
【答案】who
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这位聪明的年轻老师提倡把新知识和学生们所学的知识结合起来，他的课给人留下了深刻的印象。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词teacher，在从句作主语，指人。故填who。
20．Every one will do all they can to protect the endangered animals and plants.
【答案】that
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：每个人都会尽其所能保护濒危动植物。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词all，且all为不定代词，从句中can后省略动词do，空处在从句中作do的宾语，所以用关系代词that。故填that。
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)查漏知识 专题04 从句
(思维导图+高频考点+关键能力+模拟新题+押题预测)
目录
知识点：从句 2
【必记核心知识思维导图】从句核心知识思维导图 2
【考情分析】 2
高频考点1：名词性从句 2
【真题回顾】 2
【解题必备】精准解题指导 提高关键能力 5
高频考点2：定语从句 7
【真题回顾】 7
【解题必备】精准解题指导 提高关键能力 11
高频考点3：状语从句 15
【真题回顾】 15
【解题必备】精准解题指导 提高关键能力 16
【模拟新题】精选模拟新题及时跟踪演练 20
【押题预测】依据高考的命题思想，结合重点知识，深度预测高考试题..............................................................23
知识点：从句
高频考点1、考查名词性从句
一、宾语从句
1.（2024·全国甲卷）How did the national park system come about On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in 43 is now northwestern Wyoming.
【答案】what
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：1870年9月中旬，在一个凉爽、繁星点点的夜晚，四个男人在火洞河边的营火前放松，这里现在是怀俄明州的西北部。后文为介词in的宾语，is前缺主语，指物，主语用what引导宾语从句，作介词in的宾语，故填what。
2.（2022年1月浙江）Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak ______ she could do so remotely.
【答案】if/whether
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：对于她的出席，Cobb开始询问邀请她的组织者是否可以远程进行。显然ask后面出现了一个宾语从句，宾语从句句意不完整，whether/if“是否”符合语境，故填whether或if。
3．（2025·陕西省榆林市高三三模）One newly uploaded video showed 40 she turned a woodshed into a woodland cloakroom (衣帽间), and the other showcased her craft using the intangible cultural heritage Chinese lacquerware (漆器) techniques.
考查宾语从句。句意：一个新上传的视频展示了她是如何将木屋改造成森林衣帽间的，另一个则展示了她运用非物质文化遗产——中国漆器技术的手工艺。此处为连接词引导宾语从句，且从句中不缺主宾等成分，根据句意可知，此处表示“如何”，应用连接副词how。故填how。
二、表语从句
1.（2024年1月浙江高考真题）If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s 59 they’ll promote. But that leaves the solo (单独) customers out of pocket and disappointed.
【答案】what
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：如果他们的大多数客户都乐意大量购买，那他们就会推广。在表语从句中缺少宾语，且是指事物，所以应用连接代词what。故填what。
2.（2023·新高考Ⅱ卷）This is they need an English trainer.
【答案】why
【解析】考查表语从句。句意:这就是他们需要一名英语教练的原因。本空引导表语从句,根据句意可知,本空在从句中作原因状语,故应用连接副词why。
3．(2021·全国甲卷)One of the ground rules of the swap should be__________everyone must try on the clothes before they take them.
【答案】that
【解析】考查表语从句。句意：交换的基本原则之一是每个人在带走之前必须要试穿衣服。从句中意思完整，不缺成分，故填that。
名词性从句中that与what的区别： 引导名词性从句既可以用that，也可以用what。两者的区别在于that在句中不作成分，what在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。
三、考查主语从句
1.（2021新课标I卷）_____________is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes.
【答案】What
【解析】考查主语从句。句意为：这段经历让人叹为观止的是那些超凡脱俗的场景。引导主语从句,在从句中作主语,表示"……的东西",故填What.
2.（2024·湖北省宜荆荆随联考）Moreover, the silk texture and colour have both grown inconsistent makes creating the necessary raw materials and matching the colour difficult. The advanced technology is helping them with the restoration.
【答案】that
【解析】考查主语从句。句意：此外，丝绸的质地和颜色都变得不一致，这使得创造必要的原材料和匹配颜色变得困难。分析句子可知，空处引导名词性从句作句子的主语，主句从句的成分和语义均完整，因此应用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。故填that。
what & that在名词性从句中的用法： that是从属连词，在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，也没有任何意义。而what是连接代词，在名词性从句中充当成分，通常充当主语、宾语或表语。 I believe that I will succeed if I study hard.我相信如果我努力学习我会成功的。
3．(2020·江苏卷)It is not a problem__________we can win the battle; it's just a matter of time.
【答案】whether/if
【解析】考查主语从句。句意：我们是否能赢得战斗不是问题；这只是时间问题。
whether与if引导主语从句的区别： 主语从句位于主句的谓语动词前，表示“是否”，只能用whether而不能用if引导；若用it作形式主语，则if与whether可互换。 Whether we can have clean drinking water lies in what effective measures will be taken by the government about water pollution. 我们能否有干净的饮用水在于政府将采取什么样的有效措施处理水污染问题。 It remains to be seen whether/if this idea can be put into practice.这一想法能否付诸实施还有待观察。
宾语从句
1.宾语从句的引导词
引导词 作用
连接词 that, whether, if 只起连接作用，不在从句中作成分
连接代词 what, who, whom，which，whichever，whatever, whoever 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语
连接副词 when, where, how, why 在从句中作状语
①I'm writing to tell you that my uncle Li Ming is going to your city for a conference.我写信是想告诉你，我叔叔李明要去你的城市开会。
②We promise whoever attends the party will have a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.我们保证，任何参加这个聚会的人都有机会与那个电影明星合影。
③I don't know whether to set off for Beijing or not.我不知道是否出发去北京。
(1)that引导宾语从句时，常被省去，但下列情况下不能省略：①动词后跟有多个that引导的宾语从句时，只有第一个that可省略，其余的不可省略；②宾语从句前有插入语时；③that引导的从句位于句首时。
(2)一般情况下介词后只能用wh-类连接词引导宾语从句。介词后的宾语从句，连接词表示“是否”时，只能用whether，不能用if。
2．形式宾语【高频再现】
宾语一般放在及物动词或介词之后，但是，在下列情况下，须用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语(常为不定式/从句)后置。
(1)动词find/feel/think/consider/make＋it＋宾补(形容词或名词)＋不定式/从句
(2)动词hate/like/dislike/appreciate/enjoy＋it＋从句
(3)短语动词see to/depend on/rely on＋it＋从句
(4)固定搭配take it for granted that/owe it to sb. that＋从句
Most of us young men take it for granted that parents do everything for us.我们大部分年轻人认为父母为我们做的一切是理所当然的。
I shall see to it that he is taken good care of when you are absent.当你不在的时候，我负责把他照顾好。
3．宾语从句的时态
一般情况下，宾语从句须与主句的时态保持一致，即主句是一般现在时，从句可根据具体情况选用合适的时态；主句为过去的某种时态，从句须用相应的过去的某种时态。当从句的内容为真理或客观事实时，须用一般现在时。
表语从句
1.表语从句的引导词
引导词 作用
连接词 that, whether 只起连接作用，不在从句中作成分
连接代词 what, who, whom, which，whichever, whatever，whoever 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语
连接副词 when, where, how, why 在从句中作状语
The most important result for the user is that the product does what is intended.
对用户来说最重要的是产品达到了预期的效果。
This is where we usually think it's easier to just give up.
这就是我们通常认为更容易放弃的地方。
if不能引导表语从句；that引导表语从句时不能省略。
2．as if/as though引导表语从句
as if/as though意为“好像，仿佛”，引导的表语从句常跟在系动词(如seem, appear, look, taste, sound, feel, smell等)之后。若表语从句所述的是非真实的情况，从句用虚拟语气；若所述的是事实或是极可能发生的情况，从句用陈述语气。
The thick smog covered the whole city. It was as if a great black blanket had been thrown over it.
厚重的烟雾覆盖着整个城市，好像把一个厚厚的黑色的毯子扔到了它的上面。
3．其他常考的表语从句【高频再现】
(1)This/That/It is why＋表语从句(表示结果)“这/那就是……的原因”
(2)This/That/It is because＋表语从句(表示原因)“这/那是因为……”
(3)The reason why... is that＋表语从句“……的原因是……”
主语从句
1.主语从句的引导词
引导词 作用
连接词 that, whether, if 只起连接作用，不在从句中作成分
连接代词 what, who, whom，which, whichever，whatever, whoever 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语
连接副词 when, where，how, why 在从句中作状语
When the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.
延迟的飞机何时起飞在很大程度上取决于天气。
Where Professor Han was born is known to the public.韩教授出生的地方人人皆知。
What struck me most in the movie was the father's deep love for his son.
影片中最打动我的是父亲对儿子深深的爱。
(1)that引导主语从句时一般不省略。
That they were in truth sisters was clear from the facial similarity between them.从她们的面貌相似度就能清楚地看出她们是亲姐妹。
(2)whether与if引导主语从句的区别：
主语从句位于主句的谓语动词前，表示“是否”，只能用whether而不能用if引导；若用it作形式主语，则if与whether可互换。
Whether we can have clean drinking water lies in what effective measures will be taken by the government about water pollution.
我们能否有干净的饮用水在于政府将采取什么样的有效措施处理水污染问题。
It remains to be seen whether/if this idea can be put into practice.
这一想法能否付诸实施还有待观察。
2．形式主语【高频再现】
it作形式主语的常见句型：
(1)It＋be＋形容词(necessary/likely/important/certain等)＋that从句
(2)It＋be＋名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/no wonder等)＋that从句
(3)It＋be＋过去分词(said/told/reported等)＋that从句
(4)It＋不及物动词(seem, appear, happen, matter等)＋that从句
It is uncertain what side effect the medicine will bring about，although about two thousand patients have taken it.
尽管大约两千名患者已经服用了这种药，但是它会带来什么样的副作用还不清楚。
It doesn't matter whether you pay by cash or credit card in this store.在这个商店里你用现金支付还是信用卡支付都没有关系。
高频考点2、考查定语从句
一、定语从句中的关系代词
1.（2025年1月浙江高考）Tanya’s shop offers fashion clothes for women 60 (rent) rather than purchase them outright, providing a less expensive solution to one-time event dressing.
【答案】to rent
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：坦尼娅的店提供女性时尚服装供租赁，而不是让她们直接购买，为一次性活动着装提供了一个更便宜的解决方案。“for women (rent)”作后置定语，修饰名词词组fashion clothes，意为“女性租赁的衣服”，用不定式to rent作后置定语，主动表被动。故填to rent。
2．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route 64 brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England.
【答案】which/that
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：“玻璃屋”是当代设计的一个伟大成果，容纳了来自中国西南部的植物。建筑位于公园内一条小路的末端，这条小路追溯了丝路沿线，各种植物品种正是沿此线从其亚洲原生地来到英国，并由此定义了英国园艺的丰富性。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词是the Silk Route，先行词指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词which或that引导从句。故填which/that。
3.（2024年1月浙江高考真题）Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way 58 will make them the most money.
【答案】that/which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：当然，商店不是慈善机构——他们以最赚钱的方式给商品定价。在定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为way，所以应用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。
4.(2023年新高考Ⅰ卷) The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ______ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.
【答案】that
【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：该计划旨在为生活在Giant Panda Range的所有物种提供更有力的保护，并显著改善该地区的生态系统健康。设空处为关系词引导限制性定语从句，先行词等于关系词，设空处在从句中作指物的主语，先行词为species，且先行词前为all修饰，只能用关系代词that。故填that。
只用that而不用which的情况 当先行词是all，much，little，few，everything等不定代词或被不定代词修饰时。 There is nothing that we can do now.现在我们什么也做不了。
二、定语从句中的关系副词
1.（2020新课标I卷）Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot __________ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth.
【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：中国首先必须把一颗人造卫星送入月球轨道上的一个点，人造卫星可以在这个点向航天器和地球发射信号。分析句子可知，空处引导一个定语从句，先行词是a spot，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用where引导。故填where。
2.（2021天津卷）In the spring, a season ________ we are learning new rhythms of life，many of us find comfort in the natural world.
【答案】when
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：春天是我们学习新的生活节奏的季节，许多人在大自然中找到了舒适感。此处a season是先行词，在后面的定语从句中作时间状语，定语从句由关系副词when引导。故填when。
三、非限制性定语从句的关系词
1．(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, ___36___ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown.
【答案】who
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：为了纪念被誉为“亚洲莎士比亚”的汤显祖，中国文化元素为莎士比亚的故乡——埃文河畔的斯特拉特福增添了国际化的色彩。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“Tang Xianzu”，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，表示人，用关系代词who引导。故填who。
2.(2024·全国甲卷)Yellowstone was the largest United States national park—2.2 million acres—until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, 50 became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：黄石公园是美国最大的国家公园——220万英亩——直到阿拉斯加南部的朗格尔-圣伊莱亚斯，1978年成为国家纪念碑，1980年以1230万英亩成为国家公园。本空所在句子为定语从句，先行词为Wrangell-Saint Elias，从句中作主语，指物，引导非限制性定语从句用which，故填which。
3.（2023·全国甲卷）Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow”.
【答案】as
【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意:正如Rachel Carson在《明天的寓言》中所说,今天寓言的形式仍然有价值。此处是as引导的非限制性定语从句,as作says的宾语,指代前面整个句子的内容。故填as。
which与as引导非限制性定语从句的三点区别：
4.（2023·全国甲卷）Carson uses a simple, direct style common to fable. In fact, her style and tone (口吻) are seemingly directed at children. “There was once a town in the heart of America, all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co-existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, borrowing some familiar words from many age-old fables.
【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:在那里所有的生命似乎都享受着和周围环境的和平共处。此处是where引导的定语从句,where在定语从句中作地点状语。故填where。
5.（2022·全国甲卷）On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, ______ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province.
【答案】 who
【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。在1100公里的旅程中，8岁时因一次车祸失明的男子曹盛康穿过了三个省的40个城市和县。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词为Cao Shengkang，指人，在从句中作主语。故填who。
四、“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句
1．（2021·天津卷3月） William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes from ________ we can learn without repeating them.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。句意：William Hastie曾提出，历史告诉我们过去的错误，我们可以从中吸取教训，以免重蹈覆辙。分析句子结构可知，该句为介词提前的定语从句。故填which指代先行词past mistakes。
2．(2020·江苏卷)Many lessons are now available online, from__________students can choose for free.
【答案】which
【解析】本题考查非限制性定语从句。句意：很多课可以在线获得，学生可以免费选择。该空引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作介词宾语，且介词前置，所以只能用which。
1. “介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句时，介词的宾语只能用which或whom，且不能省略。
Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon/on which school education depends.
一些专家认为阅读是学校教育所依赖的基本技能。
September 30 is the day by which you must pay your bill.在9月30日之前你必须缴付账单。
2．“名词/不定代词/数词/形容词比较级或最高级＋of＋which/whom”引导的定语从句，表示部分与整体的关系。
Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears, none of which has been proved.
科学家们提出了很多关于人类为什么哭泣时流泪的理论，这些理论尚未得到证实。
Many young people，most of whom were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.
很多年轻人都去了偏远地区追求自己的梦想，他们中的大部分都受过良好的教育。
3. 在非限制性定语从句中，whose修饰物时可以换为“the＋名词＋of which”；修饰人时，可以换为“the＋名词＋of whom”。
The newly-built café， the walls of which (＝whose walls) are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, especially after hard work.
这家新建成的咖啡馆，墙被刷成了浅绿色，对我们来说，真是一个安静的地方，特别是在辛苦工作后。
定语从句中的关系代词
1.关系代词的基本用法
关系代词 先行词 在从句中的作用
who 人 主语、宾语
whom 人 宾语
which 物 主语、宾语
that 人或物 主语、宾语、表语
whose 人或物 定语
as 人或物 主语、宾语、表语
2．只用that不用which引导定语从句的情况
(1)先行词为不定代词anything, nothing, something, everything, all, some, none, little, few, the one等时。
◆I refuse to accept the blame for something that was someone else's fault.
我拒绝接受因别人的错误而对我进行的指责。
(2)先行词是形容词最高级或序数词，或先行词前有形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。
◆The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill.
他们在桂林参观的第一个地方是象鼻山。
(3)先行词被the only, the very, the last, the same, any, every, each, few, little, no, some, all等修饰时。
◆The only part of the meal that I really liked was the dessert.
这顿饭只有甜点是我真正爱吃的。
(4)先行词中既有表示人又有表示物的名词时。
◆They will never forget the things and persons that they've seen or heard of during their long journey.
他们将永远不会忘记在他们的长途旅行中见到或听说过的人和事。
3．as和which的区别
关系代词as和which都可以用来引导非限制性定语从句，指代主句或主句中的名词或短语，一般情况下二者可互换使用，但有下列区别：
(1)which引导的非限制性定语从句只能位于主句之后，as引导的从句可位于主句之前、之中和之后。
①As anybody can see, a computer can do almost everything people can.
＝A computer can do almost everything people can，as anybody can see.任何人都明白，计算机几乎能做人所能做的一切事。
②Therefore, this time I will introduce Tang Poetry to you, which is of great help in learning Chinese.因此，这次我将向你介绍唐诗，这将非常有助于你学习汉语。
(2)as常用的这种类似插入语的句式有：
as the saying goes, as is said above, as is mentioned above, as often happens, as is often the case, as is reported in the newspaper等。
She passed the exam, as was expected.
她通过了考试，这是预料之中的事。
(1)whom、which、that在从句中作宾语时可省略；但介词提前时不能省略，也不能用that；
(2)as用在限制性定语从句中时，常用于下列句式：such＋名词＋as(像……一样的，像……之类的)；the same＋名词＋as(和……同样的)。
Such machines as are used in our workshop are made in China.
像在我们车间使用的机器是中国制造的。
定语从句中的关系副词
关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词 先行词 在从句中的作用
when 时间名词 时间状语
where 地点名词或抽象名词(situation, point, activity，case, stage等) 地点状语
why the reason 原因状语
①We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, when the weather may be better.
我们将把在公园的野餐推迟到下周，届时天气可能会更好。
②Students should involve themselves in community activities where they can gain experience for growth.
学生们应该参加社团活动，在这些活动中他们可以获得成长的经验。
当先行词为situation、case、stage、point等，且关系词在定语从句中作状语时，也要用关系副词where引导。
非限制性定语从句
1．功能、特点和引导词
功能：可修饰名词，也可修饰整个主句，对它们起补充说明作用
特点：用逗号与被修饰的名词或句子隔开
关系代词 which, whom, who, whose, as
关系副词 when, where, why
2.关系代词和关系副词的使用
(1)用来修饰名词的非限制性定语从句
引导词在任何情况下都不能省略
不能用that作引导词
除上述两点外，和限制性定语从句的使用方法一样
①Last week we went to the nearby park, where we had a good time.
上周我们去了附近的公园，在那里玩得很高兴。
②He is reading a letter, which came from his friend.
他正在看一封他的朋友寄来的信。
(2)用来修饰整个句子的非限制性定语从句
which引导的定语从句，可修饰整个句子
位置：放在主句后面
意义：这一点，这件事
as引导的定语从句，可修饰整个句子
位置：主句前、中、后都可以
意义：正如
①He passed the exam, which made his parents happy.
他通过了考试，这使他父母很高兴。
②As you can see, we're still working.
正如你看到的，我们仍在工作。
(3)定语从句中的主谓一致
关系代词在句中作主语，从句谓语动词的单复数与先行词保持一致
先行词为“one of＋复数名词”时，从句谓语动词用复数形式；先行词为“the (only/very/right) one of＋复数名词”结构时，从句谓语动词用单数形式
①This is the suggestion which I think is very valuable.
这是我认为非常有价值的建议。
②He is one of the students who are praised by the teacher. 他是老师表扬的学生之一。(比较：He is the only one of the students who is praised by the teacher. 他是唯一受到老师表扬的学生。)
限制性与非限制性定语从句的区别
限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句
与先行词关系密切，删除后影响整个意思的表达 与先行词关系不密切，是一种补充说明，删除后不影响整个意思的表达
不用逗号分开 一般用逗号分开
可用关系代词that 不可用关系代词that
关系代词that，who，which/whom在从句中作宾语时可以省略 关系代词不可以省略
关系代词whom作宾语时可用who或that替代 关系代词不能替代
读时不停顿 读时停顿，用降调
只可以修饰名词或代词，不可以修饰句子 既可修饰名词或代词，也可以修饰句子，用逗号分开。
“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句
1. “介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句时，介词的宾语只能用which或whom，且不能省略。
Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon/on which school education depends.
一些专家认为阅读是学校教育所依赖的基本技能。
2．“名词/不定代词/数词/形容词比较级或最高级＋of＋which/whom”引导的定语从句，表示部分与整体的关系。
Many young people，most of whom were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.
很多年轻人都去了偏远地区追求自己的梦想，他们中的大部分都受过良好的教育。
3. 在非限制性定语从句中，whose修饰物时可以换为“the＋名词＋of which”；修饰人时，可以换为“the＋名词＋of whom”。
The newly-built café， the walls of which (＝whose walls) are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, especially after hard work.
这家新建成的咖啡馆，墙被刷成了浅绿色，对我们来说，真是一个安静的地方，特别是在辛苦工作后。
高频考点3、考查状语从句
一、考查状语从句的连词
1.(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)__________he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary(传奇的) artist, they smiled and pointed down the river.
【答案】When
【解析】考查时间状语从句的连词。句意：当他询问岸上的村民们他可以在什么地方找到传奇艺术家的时候，他们笑着指向河下。When引导时间状语从句，符合语境。
2．(北京卷)If you don't understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people__________you figure it out.
【答案】until
【解析】考查连词。句意：如果你无法理解某个东西，你可能会去研究，学习和他人探讨直到你解决为止。根据句意可知，此处用until引导时间状语从句。
3．(2018·江苏卷)__________you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated after one or two nights.
【答案】Unless
【解析】考查状语从句。句意：你如果睡不好的话，一两个晚上后就会失去集中注意力、做好规划和保持积极性的能力。unless意为“如果不，除非”，引导条件状语从句，符合语境。
4．(湖南卷)__________hard you try, it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat.
【答案】However
【解析】考查状语从句。句意：无论你多么努力，如果不减少饮食，那么减肥是很难做到的。故填However。
首先判断是否用连词，与定语从句要区别开来。连词连接的往往是两个完整的句子，其中一个用连词连接，是状语从句。如果其中一个句子中缺少成分，那么就是定语从句，不能用引导状语从句的连词。
二、状语从句的省略
1．(陕西卷)All the photographs in this book，__________stated, otherwise, date from the 1950s.
【答案】unless
【解析】考查状语从句。句意：这本书里所有的照片，除非有说明的，否则，都要追溯到20世纪50年代。所填词表条件，从句用了省略句式。根据句意填unless。
2．(全国卷Ⅰ)Film has a much shorter history, especially when__________(compare) to such art forms as music and painting.
【答案】compared
【解析】考查状语从句的省略。句意：电影的历史相当短，尤其是与像音乐和绘画这类艺术形式相比较时。主语film是compare这个动作的受动者，所以用过去分词表被动。故填compared。
状语从句省略后，只剩下不定式(to do)短语、现在分词(doing)短语和过去分词(done)短语，表示“将要做的事情”用不定式(to do)短语；表示“主动的动作”用现在分词(doing)短语；表示“被动且完成的动作”用过去分词(done)短语。
状语从句考点的必备知识：
一、时间状语从句
1．when引导时间状语从句，意为“正在这时”，表示某件事正在发生或刚刚发生时，突然发生另一动作。
Tom was about to close the window when his attention was caught by a bird.
汤姆正要关窗户，这时他的注意力被一只鸟吸引住了。
when还可表原因，意为“既然”。
How can I help them to understand when they won't listen to me
既然他们不听我说，我怎么帮他们理解？
2．as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute, the instant, no sooner...than..., hardly/scarcely...when...和once(一……就……)，这些从属连词引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作随即就发生，常译为“一……就……”，从句中用一般时态代替将来时态。
The moment I heard the voice, I knew father was coming.
我一听到那个声音就知道父亲来了。
The boy burst into tears immediately he saw his mother.
那男孩一见到他妈妈便放声大哭。
no sooner... than..., hardly/scarcely....when....的时态搭配：hardly/scarcely后的句子谓语动词应用过去完成时，而than与when引导的句子谓语动词应用一般过去时。此外，当把no sooner和hardly/scarcely提到句首时，应用倒装语序。
He had no sooner finished his speech than the students started cheering.
＝No sooner had he finished his speech than the students started cheering.
他刚完成演讲学生们就开始欢呼起来。
3．before
(1)表示“还未……就……；不到……就……；还没来得及……就……”。
The girl had hardly rung the bell before the door was opened suddenly, and her friend rushed out to greet her.
小女孩还没来得及按门铃，门就突然开了，并且她的朋友冲出来问候她。
Please write it down before you forget it.
趁你现在没忘把它记下来。
(2)It will be＋一段时间＋before...多久之后才……。
It is＋一段时间＋since... 自从……多久了。
John thinks it won't be long before he is ready for his new job.
约翰认为他不久就会为新工作做好准备了。
二、条件状语从句
1．通常由if, unless, as(so)long as, in case(that), once等连词引导。
Unless children believe they can succeed, they will never become totally independent.
除非孩子们相信他们能够成功，否则他们将永远无法完全独立。
2．由on condition(that); provided(that); providing (that); supposing(that)等引导的条件状语从句。
You can go swimming on condition that you don't go too far from the river bank.
只有不离河岸太远你才能下去游泳。
三、让步状语从句
1．让步状语从句可由although, though, as, while, even if(though), whenever, whether... or..., no matter who(when, what...)等引导。
Although regular exercise is very important, it's never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime.
尽管有规律的锻炼是很重要的，但是在临近就寝的时候进行锻炼绝不是一个好主意。
However serious a problem you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge.
不论你的问题有多严重，你都应该鼓起勇气，接受挑战。
2．while作“尽管”讲，引导让步状语从句时，往往放在句首。
While the Internet is of great help, I don't think it's a good idea to spend too much time on it.
尽管因特网对我们有很大的帮助，但我认为花太多的时间上网也不是一个好主意。
[
while也可以用来表对比转折，意为“而，却”。
At school, some students are active while some are shy, yet they can be good friends with one another.
在学校，有的学生很活跃而有的很腼腆，但他们能成为好朋友。
四、原因状语从句与方式状语从句
1．方式状语从句用来表示主句谓语动作发生的方式，常由as“像……一样”，as if (though)“似乎，好像”等引导。
The house was greatly damaged by the truck. We'd better leave things as they are until the police arrive.
卡车对这座房子造成了严重的损坏。我们最好保持原样直到警察到来。
He acted as if nothing had happened.
他表现得好像什么也没发生。
2．原因状语从句通常由because, since, as, now that, seeing(that), considering that等引导。
Now that you have grown up, you must do it by yourself.
既然你已经长大了，就必须自己做这件事。
Considering that I have told you three times, you must know it.
鉴于我已经告诉你三次，你必须知道它。
五、地点状语从句
1．通常由连词where和wherever引导，从句可位于主句之前，也可位于主句之后。
The little girl who got lost decided to remain where she was and wait for her mother.
这个迷路的小女孩决定待在原地等她妈妈。
Today, we will begin where we stopped yesterday so that no point will be left out.
今天我们将在昨天停止的地方开始，为的是不漏掉知识点。
2．地点状语从句在句首时常兼有抽象条件意味。
Where there's a will, there's a way.
有志者事竟成。
Where(ver) there's plenty of sun and rain, the fields are green.
哪里阳光雨水充足，哪里的田野就绿油油。
3．where引导的状语从句和定语从句的区别
where引导地点状语从句直接修饰动词，而在定语从句中where作为关系副词要跟在表示地点的先行词后面。
When solving the problem a second time, you'd better be more careful where you made a mistake.
＝When solving the problem a second time, you'd better be more careful in the place where you made a mistake.
当你第二次解决这个问题的时候，你要在出过差错的地方更加小心。
六、目的状语从句与结果状语从句
1．目的状语从句。
引导目的状语从句的从属连词有so that，in order that, for fear that, in case，lest等。
(1)in order that与so that。
两个连词都意为“以便……；为了……”，引导的状语从句中需用情态动词，in order that比so that正式，引导的状语从句可置于主句之前或之后，而so that引导的从句只能置于主句之后。
I'll speak slowly so that you can understand me.
我说慢一点以便你能听懂。
In order that we might see the sunrise, we started for the peak early.
为了能看到日出，我们很早就向山顶出发了。
(2)for fear that, in case与lest。
这三个从属连词引导的目的状语从句中谓语动词要用(should＋)动词原形，它本身带有否定意义，相当于so that... not...或in order that... not...。
The boy hid himself behind the tree in case/for fear that his father(should) see him.
男孩躲到树后以防被父亲发现。
Take your raincoat in case/lest it (should) rain.
带着你的雨衣，以防下雨。
2．结果状语从句。
(1)引导结果状语从句的从属连词有：so that, so...that..., such...that...。在非正式语体中，由so...that...和such...that...引导的句子中that可以省略，注意其结构形式：
Mike is such an honest worker that we all believe him.
＝Mike is so honest a worker that we all believe him.
迈克是如此诚实的工人以至于我们都信任他。
It is such fine weather that we all want to go to the park.
天气如此的好，我们都想去公园。
He earned so little money that he couldn't support his family.
他挣钱太少以至于无法养活家人。
(2)当so或such置于句首时，主句要用倒装语序。
So clever a student was he that he was able to work out all the difficult problems.
他是一个如此聪明的学生，以至于他能算出所有的难题。
六、状语从句的省略
在时间、条件、让步、原因等状语从句中，当从句主语和主句主语一致，或从句主语是it，且含有动词be时，可以将从句主语和动词be动词省略。
The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day, unless accompanied by an adult.
学校规则规定：除非有大人的陪伴，否则任何孩子白天都不允许出学校。
The problem, if not carefully dealt with, will cause a lot of damage.
这个问题，如果不小心处理，将会造成重大损失。
The dying man is moving his eyes slowly as if looking for his family.
这个奄奄一息的人慢慢地转动眼睛好像在寻找家人。
模拟新题
时间：10分钟 满分：17分 得分：_______
1.（2025·广东省大湾区普通高中毕业班联合模拟考试（一））This type of layout quickly developed and became widely used in subsequent centuries, establishing itself as the most typical approach to traditional Chinese urban planning, 45 was generally acknowledged as the square-block design of towns.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这种布局在随后的几个世纪中迅速发展并得到广泛应用，成为中国传统城市规划最典型的方法，这种方法通常被认为是城镇的方形设计。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是the most typical approach，指物，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用which引导，故填which。
2.（2025·安徽省合肥市高三第一次教学质量检测）Pioneer 43 China may be in the development of umbrellas, similar devices appeared in other ancient civilizations, such as Egypt, Assyria, and Greece, primarily for sun protection.
【答案】as/though
【解析】考查状语从句和倒装。句意：虽然中国可能是伞发展的先驱，但在其他古代文明如埃及、亚述和希腊也出现了类似的设备，主要用于遮阳。此空前为形容词，运用了倒装结构，结合句意可知，此处为as或though引导的让步状语从句，即“adj.+as/though+主语+谓语”。故填as/though。
3.（2025·安徽省合肥市高三第一次教学质量检测）According to Chinese legend, the first umbrella in ancient China was invented by Lady Yun, the wife of Lu Ban, a renowned craftsman in Chinese history. At the time, people relied on straw hats and capes during rainy days, 38 proved inconvenient for travel.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：当时人们在下雨天依赖草帽和斗篷，这证明了旅行的不便。此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词指的是主句的内容，指事情，所以此处使用关系代词which。故填which。
4.（2025·山东省淄博市高三下学期一模）Whether it’s out of love and interest, a desire to help those with hearing loss, 45 simply for situations where speaking is difficult due to illness, sign language can be very useful.
【答案】or
【解析】考查连词。句意：无论是出于热爱和兴趣，还是出于帮助听力障碍者的愿望，亦或是仅仅因为在生病等情况下说话困难，手语都能发挥极大的作用。whether…or…为固定句型，意为“无论……还是……”。故填or。
6.（2025·山东省聊城市高三一模）Dashuhua is more than a spectacle (精彩表演); it embodies the courage, skill, and perseverance of its performers, 45 fight to keep this cultural treasure alive for future generations.
【答案】who
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：打树花不仅仅是一场精彩表演；它体现了表演者的勇气、技巧和毅力，他们为让这一文化瑰宝为子孙后代传承下去而努力。本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是performers，指人，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who引导。故填who。
7.（2025·山东省名校考试联盟高三模拟）The durability of the wooden buildings has stood the test of time, of 63 the Forbidden City is a good example.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：木制建筑的耐久性经受住了时间的考验，紫禁城就是一个很好的例子。“of ________ the Forbidden City is a good example”为之前“The durability of the wooden buildings”的非限制性定语从句，先行词在从句中作介词“of”的宾语，用关系代词which。故填which。
8.（2025·陕西省榆林市高三三模）One newly uploaded video showed 40 she turned a woodshed into a woodland cloakroom (衣帽间), and the other showcased her craft using the intangible cultural heritage Chinese lacquerware (漆器) techniques.
【答案】how
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：一个新上传的视频展示了她是如何将木屋改造成森林衣帽间的，另一个则展示了她运用非物质文化遗产——中国漆器技术的手工艺。此处为连接词引导宾语从句，且从句中不缺主宾等成分，根据句意可知，此处表示“如何”，应用连接副词how。故填how。
9.（2025·黑龙江省哈师大附中、东北师大附中、辽宁省实验中学一模）A long scroll (卷轴) of the “Along the River During the Qingming Festival,” an iconic painting of the Northern Song Dynasty, constructed straight from LEGO bricks, has been on display since Sep 25th. Covering 47 square meters, this LEGO exhibit, has delicately pieced together a marvelous world 57 the old and the new meet.
【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这个乐高展品占地47平方米，精致地拼凑出一个奇妙的世界，在这里新旧交汇。本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是a marvelous world，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。
10.（2025·海南省三亚市高三期末）“The music makes you happy because the melodies are cheerful.” said Tang Baoshan, 39 started learning the folk songs when he was a child and soon demonstrated a talent for the form.
【答案】who
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：“音乐让人快乐，因为旋律很欢快。”唐宝山说道，他从小就开始学习民歌，并且很快就展现出了在这方面的天赋。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词Tang Baoshan，指人，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词who引导。故填who。
11.（2025·四川省绵阳市高三二模）The culture of bird-keeping and birdcage-making has been deeply rooted in Hong Kong society since the 1920s and 1930s. In the past, many bird owners would bring their birds to the tea houses 41 they socialized with other bird enthusiasts.
【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：过去，许多鸟类主人会把他们的鸟带到茶馆，在那里他们与其他鸟类爱好者交往。该空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是the tea houses，指具体地点，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where。故填where。
12.（2025·江苏省无锡市高三教学质量调研测试）The Donglin Academy of Classical Learning was founded during the Northern Song Dynasty. For a long time, it was a place 36 lectures were given by the famous scholar Yang Shi.
【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在很长一段时间里，这里是著名学者杨时讲学的地方。设空处引导定语从句，先行词是a place，在从句中作地点状语，所以设空处需用关系副词where引导定语从句。故填where。
13.（2025·江苏省苏州市高三学业质量阳光指标调研）Through the artwork, the development of Chinese painting between the 4th and 14th centuries can be clearly observed, 65 shows how valuable the Mogao Grottoes are for anyone who wants to study the history of Chinese art.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：通过这些艺术作品，可以清楚地观察到公元4世纪至14世纪中国绘画的发展，这表明了莫高窟对任何想要研究中国艺术史的人来说是多么有价值。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子，关系词在从句中作主语，所以用which引导定语从句，故填which。
14.（2025·安徽省合肥市第一中学月考） But truly twisted her heart at that time,she said, was the backward and dangerous practices of local midwives and the hardships faced by expectant mothers and newborns in Jiaxian.
【答案】what
【解析】考查主语从句。句意：但她说，当时真正让她揪心的是当地助产士落后而危险的做法，以及佳县孕妇和新生儿所面临的困境。这里是一个主语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“当时真正让她揪心的是”，所以用what。
15.（2025·湖南长沙联考）It is estimated about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan’ hybrid strain.
【答案】that
【解析】考查主语从句。句意：据估计，中国国内消费的大米中约有60%是由袁隆平的杂交品种生产的。根据句意及空前“It is estimated”可知，此处为it is estimated that的固定句型结构，其中it为形式主语，空处引导主语从句，从句句意完整，不缺少成分，应用连接词that引导，that在名词性从句中无实义，不充当句子成分。故填that。
16.（2025·湖北武汉统考） it was possible to develop a hybrid of self-pollinating plants such as rice was a matter of great debate.
【答案】Whether
【解析】考查主语从句。句意：是否有可能培育出像水稻这样的自花授粉植物的杂交品种，仍是一个备受争议的问题。空处引导主语从句，从句中不缺成分，但根据“ a matter of great debate”可知，是否培育出像水稻这样的自花授粉植物的杂交品种是一个备受争议的问题，所以用whether“是否”引导主语从句。该词位于句首，首字母大写。故填Whether。
17.（2025·山东省淄博市高三下学期一模）After learning the real-person video examples 40 demonstrate each sign language word, users can activate the camera, and the app will recognize and assess the accuracy of their sign language gestures.
【答案】that/which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：用户学习完展示每个手语词汇的真人视频示例后，可以激活摄像头，应用将识别并评估用户手语手势的准确性。空处引导限定性定语从句，先行词examples，从句中作主语，指物，故应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。
时间：10分钟 满分：20分 得分：_______
1．He always parks his car he can see it from the window, just to make sure it’s safe.
【答案】where
【解析】考查连接副词。句意：他总是把车停在他能从窗户看到的地方，只是为了确保安全。 he can see it from the window是地点状语从句，空格处应该填入一个连接词引导从句，且意义为“（在）……的地方”，所以应该用连接副词where。故填where。
2．The the shaking stopped, Miss Brown sensed it was the best time for the class to make their escape.
【答案】moment
【解析】考查时间状语从句。句意：地震一停止摇晃，布朗老师就意识到这是全班同学逃生的最佳时机。根据句意，这里应该填入一个名词，和the形成一个连词，意思是“一……就……”，应该填入moment，符合题意。故答案是moment。
3． time goes by, I realize how much I cherish the memories we shared together.
【答案】As
【解析】考查连词。句意：随着时间的推移，我越发珍惜我们曾经共同拥有的回忆。句中逗号前后都是句子，表明空处应填连词，构成从句。分析主句与从句的关系，从句应是表示主句动作发生的时间背景，应为时间状语从句，填入引导时间状从的连词as，构成固定表达as time goes by，表示“随着时间的推移”。故填As。
4． global temperatures are stabilized, the frequency of extreme weather events will continue to rise.
【答案】While/Althoug/Though
【解析】考查状语从句。句意：虽然全球气温趋于稳定，但极端天气事件的频率将继续上升。引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”可用while、although或though，首字母大写。故填While/Althoug/Though。
5．Exhausted and cold soldiers were, they persisted in finishing their long march.
【答案】as/though
【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管士兵们又累又冷，他们还是坚持走完长征。“士兵们又累又冷”和“他们坚持走完长征”之间是让步的关系，且形容词Exhausted和cold置于句首，从句使用了部分倒装，因此用连词as或though引导让步状语从句。故填as/though。
6．The Great Wall is well-known a tourist attraction that lots of tourists visit the city every year.
【答案】so
【解析】考查固定句型。句意：长城是如此著名的一个旅游景点，以至于每年都有很多游客来这座城市参观。“so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+that...”为固定句型。so... that...“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。 故填so。
7． comes no surprise is that the students are becoming better and better.
【答案】What
【解析】考查主语从句。句意：学生们变得越来越好，这一点也不奇怪。空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语，且根据句意可知，表示“……的事情”，应用what引导，句首单词首字母大写。故填What。
8．The historian believed steam power was the key to industrial revolution and the period brought about the appearance of an urban working class.
【答案】that
【解析】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：历史学家认为蒸汽动力是工业革命的关键，且这一时期带来了城市工人阶级的出现。steam power was the key to industrial revolution和the period brought about the appearance of an urban working class是并列的宾语从句，作动词believe的宾语；第一个宾语从句前省略了引导词that，空处引导第二个宾语从句，从句不缺成分，语义完整，用that引导，但第二个宾语从句that不可省略。故填that。
9． they can grow more vegetables in space depends on how much time and space it takes.
【答案】Whether
【解析】考查主语从句。句意：他们能否在太空中种植更多的蔬菜取决于需要多少时间和空间。该句主句谓语动词为depends on，该空需要一个连接词引导主语从句，从句是一个成分完整的陈述句，有可能使用that或whether引导；下文宾语从句是一个问句，由此可知，主句也应该是一个问句，应填whether表示“是否”；在句首注意首字母大写。故填Whether。
10．There is no doubt you are experienced in presenting your ideas, because of your abundant skills.
【答案】that
【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：毫无疑问，你在表达自己的想法方面经验丰富，因为你有丰富的技能。空处引导名词性从句作doubt的同位语，同位语从句的成分和语义均完整，应用连接词that作引导词，构成句型there is no doubt that...“毫无疑问……”。故填that。
11．The gold medal will be awarded to wins the first place in the bicycle race.
【答案】whoever
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：无论谁获得自行车比赛的第一名，都将被授予金牌。wins the first place in the bicycle race作to的宾语，所以本句是宾语从句。缺少的连接词在从句中作主语，表示“无论谁”，是泛指，故用whoever引导，故填whoever。
12．I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation they will not be judged by the color of their skin.
【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我有一个梦想，我的四个孩子有一天会生活在一个不会以肤色来评判他们的国家。分析句子可知，句子为限制性定语从句，先行词为“nation”，在从句中作地点状语，故应用关系副词“where”引导从句。故填where。
13．The occasion we celebrate the Spring Festival is always full of joy and warmth.
【答案】when
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们庆祝春节的时刻总是充满欢乐和温暖。此处为关系词引导的定语从句，从句中不缺主语和宾语，所以此处使用关系副词，先行词the occasion，指的是时间，所以此处使用关系副词when。故填when。
14．The reason we should reduce plastic use is that it significantly reduces pollution and protects marine life.
【答案】why
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们应该减少塑料使用的原因是，它极大地减少了污染，保护了海洋生活。此处引导定语从句，先行词为the reason，在定语从句中作原因状语，所以使用关系副词why引导。故填why。
15．She often reminds herself of the good days they spent together working out the problem in the distant rural area.
【答案】that/which
【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：她经常提醒自己，他们在遥远的农村地区一起解决问题的好日子。该空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是the good days，指物，关系词替代先行词在从句中作宾语，用关系代词that/which。故填that/which。
16．Little Tom told his parents that he had made two good friends in the new school, both of lived nearby.
【答案】whom
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：小汤姆告诉他的父母，他在新学校交了两个好朋友，他们都住在附近。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词two good friends，指人，在定语从句中作介词宾语，需用关系代词whom引导。故填whom。
17．There are also hundreds of other planets, some are so small that one has a hard time seeing them through the telescope
【答案】of which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：还有数百颗其他行星，其中一些非常小，以至于人们很难通过望远镜观察到它们。此处需要使用关系词引导定语从句，先行词是hundreds of other planets，可以用关系代词which引导，which和some是所属关系，要借助于介词of，符合句意。故答案为①of；②which。
18．The little baby was always throwing small things away around his house, made his parents crazy.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这个小婴儿总是把他家里的小东西扔得到处都是，这让他的父母很抓狂。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的整个句子，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
19．The intelligent young teacher, advocates (倡导) integrating new knowledge with what the students already know, gives an impressive lesson.
【答案】who
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这位聪明的年轻老师提倡把新知识和学生们所学的知识结合起来，他的课给人留下了深刻的印象。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词teacher，在从句作主语，指人。故填who。
20．Every one will do all they can to protect the endangered animals and plants.
【答案】that
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：每个人都会尽其所能保护濒危动植物。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词all，且all为不定代词，从句中can后省略动词do，空处在从句中作do的宾语，所以用关系代词that。故填that。
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